Noam Chomsky is an influential linguistic, he thinks that all the humans are born with a

kind of biological device responsible for the developmente of language. This

development of language happen in the children in just the same way that other
biological functions. For him a childrens minds are not blank slates to be filled by
imitating language oppose the idea that the child learns to speak only through imitation
of others, they discover themselves the underlying rules of language system on the basis
of a natural language they are exposed to.
The innate endowment was saw as a sort of template, containing the principles that are
universal to all human languages. This Universal Grammar would prevent the child
from pursuing all sorts of wrong hypotheses about how language might work. For the
innatist perspective, all the children successfully acquire their native language if they
are expose to the language since their infancy their progress in the acquisition of that
language system is similar to hearing childrens acquisition of spoken language. Even
children with limited cognitive ability develop a quite complex language system if they
brought up in environments in which people interact with them. There are two visions
of innatism, the strong and the weak. The strong view is that the ability of humans to
acquire language are pre-specified and detailed in the genetic code of the human
species. In the weak view is that language is a kind of biological disposition, like a set
of genetic instructions that create specialized neurons in removing linguistic
information from the environment to build an internal language.
Chomsky ideas are linked to the critical period hypothesis. The hypothesis talks about
that animals and humans be genetically programed to acquire certain kinds of
knowledge and skill at specific times in life, beyond this period it is difficult acquire
those abilities, children who are not given access to language in infancy maybe will
never acquire langue.
In 1799, Victor was found in the woods of France, he was 12 years old and he had no
contact with humans. After the doctor trying to teach him language, Victor only spoke
two words and responded with sounds that had meaning for him in the forest. In 1993 at
California, Genie, 13 years old, had been isolated, neglected and abused. She has spent
more than eleven years tied to a chair in a small darkened room, she could not talk with
anybody. After a brief period in a rehabilitation, her language was not like a typical
child.