Professional Documents
Culture Documents
o.
co
000
1800 -
1600
1400
1200 -
1000 -
800 -
600 -
400
200
Q
^^
^^
^^
/
/
/
/
^^
^^
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Ti me, Sec o nd
Figure 6.5 Motor Speed During Starting
Copyright 2002 by Marcel Dekker. All Rights Reserved.
of 3
O
1
0 5 10 15 20 25
FREQUENCY NUMBER
Figure 7.11 Frequency Domain Results at the 13.8 kV Bus; Damping R = 9 Ohm
There is very small voltage amplification. This behavior is attributed to the
damping resistor in the 5
th
harmonic filter. Therefore, a frequency response study
was conducted without the 5
th
harmonic damping resistor and is shown in Figure
7.12. Without damping resistors, the voltage magnification at the fifth harmonic
frequency is significant.
r 3
0 5 10 15 20 25
FREQUENCY NUMBER
Figure 7.12 Frequency Domain Results at the 13.8 Bus with no Damping R
Copyright 2002 by Marcel Dekker. All Rights Reserved.
z>
a
Qj"
O)
a
o
4 08 -
4 -
\
\
\
\
\
\
\ /
^ ~ ^
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Time, Second
Figure 6.6 Bus Voltage During Starting
C
u
r
r
e
n
t
A
nn
finn
Ann -
^nn
9nn
mn -
n
- - ^
\
\
\
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Time, Second
Figure 6.7 Motor Current During Starting
3 4 5
Time, Second
Figure 6.8 Power Factor at the Motor Terminal During Starting
Copyright 2002 by Marcel Dekker. All Rights Reserved.
3 4 5
Time, Second
Figure 6.9 Accelerating Torque of the Motor During Starting
6.9 CONCLUSIONS
The concepts involved with motor starting are discussed with respect to various
motor designs. The criteria for motor starting are stated very briefly. The starting
methods used are outlined. The system data required for motor starting analysis are
presented with example data. The various voltage drop calculation approaches are
discussed for motor starting analysis along with computer-aided analysis. An
example analysis is presented along with the output report and some important
plots.
PROBLEMS
1. The rating of a motor used in an industrial application is 2,500-hp and is
supplied through a 24.9 kV, three phase feeder. The system impedance at the
source is (3.318 + J5.982) Ohm at 24.9 kV. Calculate the voltage at the point of
common coupling during the motor stating. Identify if there is a flicker problem
and suggest suitable remedial approach. See Reference [2].
2. Consider a motor supplied from a source with a short circuit capacity of 40,000
kVA. The rating of the motor is 1500 hp, 4.16 kV, 0.9 power factor, 1800 rpm
with a WK
2
of 10,200 lb-ft
2
. Assume a torque speed and kVA characteristics as
given in the example calculations. Calculate the acceleration time of the motor
using the step-by-step approach.
3. What is the effect of inertia on the motor starting? Explain this in terms of a
very large inertia constant versus a smaller inertia constant.
Copyright 2002 by Marcel Dekker. All Rights Reserved.
4. What will happen if the speed torque characteristics of a motor load is
nonlinear. Give an example practical load and mention its effect on the starting
and operation of the motor. Hint - Air conditioner application.
5. A 2 MW, 4.16 kV, 1,800 rpm induction motor is running at the operating
point. Another motor is to be started in a nearby location with the torque speed
characteristics and load characteristics as given in the typical data. The motor
to be started is a 1.5 MW, 4.16 kV, 1200 rpm, three-phase induction motor.
The short circuit rating of the source is 750 MVA. Simulate the system using a
motor starting or dynamics program. Assess the starting condition and
recommend which remedial measures are needed, if any. State the assumptions
made.
6. What is the difference between the simulation of a running motor and starting
motor using a dynamics program?
REFERENCES
1. ANSI/IEEE Standard 399, IEEE Recommended Practice for Power System
Analysis, 1990 (Brown Book).
2. M. K. Walker, "Electric Utility Flicker Limitations", IEEE Transactions on
Industry Applications, Vol.IA-15, No.6, November/December 1979, pp. 644-
655.
3. Power Tools for Windows Program, SKM Analysis, Inc., Manhattan Beach,
California.
Copyright 2002 by Marcel Dekker. All Rights Reserved.