P9208 EBCN Derm Specialists

P-9208
Veterinary Consultation Service

Your resource for case management and nutritional support.
1-800-548-VETS (8387) HillsVet.com
Hills Evidence-Based Clinical Nutrition

for Dermatology Specialists
Discover the most complete and
clinically proven line of dermatologic
nutrition from Hills
Hills
Prescription Diet
d/d

Formulated to help manage infammatory skin conditions such as atopy,
fea allergy dermatitis and otitis externa, as well as adverse reactions to
food, including food allergy and intolerance
Increased omega-3 fatty acids, including EPA, to nourish the skin and
help manage infammation
Added antioxidants to help support skin barrier function
Available in a wide range of novel protein options: venison, duck,
salmon, lamb, egg and rabbit
Hills
Prescription Diet
z/d

Effective as the gold standard (home prepared foods) for
diagnosing and managing adverse reactions to food including food
allergies and intolerance
Formulated with hydrolyzed animal proteins to eliminate the potential
for an allergic response
Hills
Science Diet
Sensitive Skin
Formulated to meet the nutrient and energy needs of adult pets with
sensitive skin
Increased levels of omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids to nourish skin
and coat
/ Hills, Prescription Diet, Science Diet, d/d, n/d, z/d, a/d, b/d, j/d and Evidence-Based Clinical Nutrition are trademarks owned by Hills Pet Nutrition, Inc. Eukanuba, Eukanuba Veterinary Diets and Response are trademarks
owned by The Iams Company. Royal Canin, Royal Canin Veterinary Diet, IVD, Limited Ingredient Diets, Skin Support SS21, Hypoallergenic HP19, Feline Hypoallergenic HP 23, Royal Canin Skin Care 30, Royal Canin Adult Fit
32, Royal Canin Indoor 27, Royal Canin Persian 30, Feline Sensitivity RD 30 and Sensitivity RC21 are trademarks of Royal Canin USA. Nutro and Nutro Ultra are trademarks of Nutro Products, Inc. Purina Veterinary Diets and
LA Limited Antigen are trademarks of Socit des Produits Nestl S.A. 3V Caps and DermCaps are trademarks owned by DVM Pharmaceuticals. NutriVed is a trademark owned by Zinpro Company. EicosaDerm is a trademark
owned by DermaPet. Welactin is a trademark owned by Nutramax Laboratories, Inc. Nordic Naturals is a trademark of Nordic Naturals, Inc. 2007 Hills Pet Nutrition, Inc.
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P-9208

Hills
Prescription Diet
d/d

Hills
Prescription Diet
z/d

Hills
Science Diet
Sensitive Skin
sensitive skin
and coat
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Hills
Prescription Diet
d/d
Canine Canned
Adverse Reactions to Food & Inflammatory Skin Conditions
Gastrointestinal Disorders
KEY BENEFITS
Protein
Number of Novel
Protein Formulas
Carbohydrate
Antioxidants
Single, novel animal source
Highly digestible
Reduced
Four
Potato or rice
Added
Helps avoid common food allergens.
Limits the amount of undigested protein in the gastrointestinal tract able to provoke an
allergic reaction.
Duck, salmon, venison and lamb provide more choices related to a suspected allergy or
patient preference.

Allergies to potato or rice are uncommon.

Help maintain a healthy immune system and the skin barrier function.
Indications
Inflammatory skin conditions such as atopy, flea allergy dermatitis and otitis externa.
Adverse reactions to food (food allergy or intolerance).
Additional information
Prescription Diet d/d Canine canned foods contain a single, novel animal protein source
(duck, salmon, venison and lamb) which is not generally associated with adverse reactions to
food in dogs. A limited number of digestible novel meat protein and carbohydrate ingredients
help avoid common food allergies.
Prescription Diet d/d Canine foods can help aid in the management of pruritic dermatitis,
chronic gastroenteritis or colitis, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), chronic otitis externa, flea
allergy dermatitis, and contact dermatitis.
Supplementation is unnecessary (including fatty acid supplements) and may decrease the
effectiveness of the food.
Other products to consider
For use as an elimination diet (for maximum reliability in the identification of dietary
sensitivity): Prescription Diet
z/d
ULTRA Allergen-Free Canine.

To manage and eliminate adverse reactions to food: Prescription Diet
z/d
ULTRA
Allergen-Free Canine or Prescription Diet
z/d
Low Allergen Canine.

Not recommended for
Growing puppies, pregnant or nursing dogs.
Patients with hyperlipidemia, pancreatitis, history of pancreatitis or at risk of pancreatitis.
These characteristics make Prescription Diet d/d Canine veterinary exclusive pet foods useful as a nutritional aid for dogs with adverse reactions to food or
certain gastrointestinal disorders:
d/d Duck Formula Canine: Cans of 13 oz (7003) in cases of 12
d/d Lamb Formula Canine: Cans of 13 oz (7002) in cases of 12
d/d Salmon Formula Canine: Cans of 13 oz (7004) in cases of 12
d/d Venison Formula Canine: Cans of 13 oz (7005) in cases of 12
Disease Category:
Animal feeding tests using AAFCO procedures substantiate
that Prescription Diet
d/d
Canine provides complete

and balanced nutrition for the maintenance of adult dogs.
The following ranges are a starting point only and should
be adjusted as needed to maintain proper weight. Mix
increasing amounts of the pets new food with decreasing
amounts of the old food over a 7-day period.
Body
Weight (lb)
VenIson,
SALMON & DUCK
FORMULAS
Can(s) (13 oz)
LAMB
FORMULA
Can(s) (13 oz)
5 -
2
/3
1
/3 -
10 - 1
2
/3 -
20 1
1
/3 - 1 1 - 1
1
/3
40 2 - 3 1
2
/3 - 2
1
/3
60 3 - 4 2 - 3
80 3 - 5 2 - 4
100 4 - 6 3
1
/3 - 4
2
/3
1 cup is equal to 1 can. 1 can is equal to 1 cup.
DAILY FEEDING AMOUNTS
CANNED INGREDIENTS
3
1-800-548-VETS (8387)
.
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1. Differs from label guarantees which are either maximums or minimums. 2. The nutrient in the product after moisture is removed. It is used to make direct
comparisons of nutrient profiles with differing moisture contents. 3. Nutrient intake for every 100 kilocalories consumed.
AVERAGE NUTRIENT CONTENTS
Salmon Formula: Water, Salmon, Potato, Potato Starch, Potato Protein,
Soybean Oil, Fish Oil, Powdered Cellulose, Dicalcium Phosphate, Iodized Salt,
Vitamin E Supplement, Choline Chloride, DL-Methionine, Taurine, Calcium
Carbonate, Ascorbic Acid (source of vitamin C), Zinc Oxide, Ferrous Sulfate,
Niacin, Thiamine Mononitrate, Vitamin A Supplement, Beta-Carotene, Calcium
Pantothenate, Biotin, Vitamin B12 Supplement, Pyridoxine Hydrochloride,
Manganous Oxide, Copper Sulfate, Riboflavin, Folic Acid, Cobalt Carbonate,
Calcium Iodate, Sodium Selenite.
Venison Formula: Water, Venison, Potato, Potato Starch, Potato Protein,
Soybean Oil, Powdered Cellulose, Fish Oil, Calcium Carbonate, Dicalcium
Phosphate, Iodized Salt, Taurine, DL-Methionine, Choline Chloride, Vitamin
E Supplement, L-Tryptophan, Ascorbic Acid (source of vitamin C), Zinc Oxide,
Ferrous Sulfate, Beta-Carotene, Thiamine Mononitrate, Niacin, Copper Sulfate,
Manganous Oxide, Calcium Pantothenate, Vitamin B12 Supplement, Vitamin A
Supplement, Pyridoxine Hydrochloride, Biotin, Riboflavin, Vitamin D3 Supplement,
Calcium Iodate, Folic Acid, Sodium Selenite, Menadione Dimethylpyrimidinol
Bisulfite (source of vitamin K).
SALMON VENISON
As Fed
1
Dry Matter
2
As Fed, Caloric Basis
3
As Fed
1
Dry Matter
2
3
Protein 4.6 % 18.9 % 4.7 g 4.6 % 18.9 % 4.2 g
Fat 3.6 % 14.8 % 3.7 g 4.0 % 16.4 % 3.7 g
Carbohydrate (NFE) 14.4 % 59.0 % 14.7 g 14.0 % 57.4 % 12.8 g
Crude Fiber 0.5 % 2.0 % 0.5 g 0.5 % 2.0 % 0.5 g
Calcium 0.19 % 0.78 % 194 mg 0.16 % 0.66 % 147 mg
Phosphorus 0.17 % 0.70 % 174 mg 0.13 % 0.53 % 119 mg
Sodium 0.08 % 0.33 % 82 mg 0.09 % 0.37 % 82 mg
Potassium 0.19 % 0.78 % 194 mg 0.21 % 0.86 % 192 mg
Magnesium 0.015 % 0.061 % 15 mg 0.015 % 0.061 % 14 mg
Taurine 0.71 % 2.91 % 725 mg 0.20 % 0.82 % 183 mg
METABOLIZABLE ENERGY
kcal/kg 979 4,012 1,091 4,471
kcal/can 362 404
% Calories From: Protein 17 Fat 32 Carbohydrates 51 Protein 16 Fat 34 Carbohydrates 50
CANNED INGREDIENTS
Duck Formula: Water, Duck, Potato, Duck Liver, Potato Starch, Soybean Oil,
Powdered Cellulose, Dicalcium Phosphate, Fish Oil, Calcium Carbonate, Iodized
Salt, DL-Methionine, Taurine, Vitamin E Supplement, Potassium Chloride, Choline
Chloride, L-Tryptophan, Ascorbic Acid (source of vitamin C), Zinc Oxide, Ferrous
Sulfate, Beta-Carotene, Thiamine Mononitrate, Niacin, Manganous Oxide,
Copper Sulfate, Vitamin A Supplement, Calcium Pantothenate, Vitamin B12
Supplement, Biotin, Riboflavin, Vitamin D3 Supplement, Pyridoxine Hydrochloride,
Cobalt Carbonate, Calcium Iodate, Folic Acid, Sodium Selenite, Menadione
Dimethylpyrimidinol Bisulfite (source of vitamin K).
Lamb Formula: Water, Rice, Lamb, Lamb Liver, Rice Flour, Powdered
Cellulose, Soybean Oil, Fish Oil, Calcium Carbonate, Potassium Chloride,
Sodium Tripolyphosphate, Iron Oxide, Dicalcium Phosphate, Choline Chloride,
Vitamin E Supplement, Taurine, Ascorbic Acid (source of vitamin C), Zinc Oxide,
Ferrous Sulfate, Beta-Carotene, Thiamine Mononitrate, Manganous Oxide,
Niacin, Calcium Pantothenate, Vitamin B12 Supplement, Pyridoxine
Hydrochloride, Biotin, Vitamin D3 Supplement, Riboflavin, Calcium Iodate,
Folic Acid, Sodium Selenite.
DUCK LAMB
As Fed
1
Dry Matter
2
3
As Fed
1
Dry Matter
2
3
Protein 4.3 % 17.4 % 4.5 g 4.6 % 15.8 % 3.5 g
Fat 4.1 % 16.6 % 4.3 g 7.8 % 26.8 % 5.9 g
Carbohydrate (NFE) 14.4 % 58.3 % 15.0 g 14.2 % 48.8 % 10.7 g
Crude Fiber 0.5 % 2.0 % 0.5 g 1.0 % 3.4 % 0.8 g
Calcium 0.20 % 0.81 % 208 mg 0.17 % 0.58 % 128 mg
Phosphorus 0.17 % 0.69 % 177 mg 0.09 % 0.31 % 68 mg
Sodium 0.09 % 0.36 % 94 mg 0.10 % 0.34 % 75 mg
Potassium 0.22 % 0.89 % 229 mg 0.21 % 0.72 % 158 mg
Magnesium 0.016 % 0.065 % 17 mg 0.018 % 0.062 % 14 mg
Total Omega-3 Fatty Acids 0.20 % 0.81 % 208 mg 0.33 % 1.13 % 248 mg
kcal/kg 961 3,891 1,330 4,570
kcal/can 356 492
% Calories From: Protein 15 Fat 35 Carbohydrates 50 Protein 12 Fat 50 Carbohydrates 38
Rice &
Egg
Potato &
Salmon
Potato &
Venison
Potato &
Duck
4
Hills
Prescription Diet
d/d
Canine Dry
Indications
Inflammatory skin conditions such as atopy, flea allergy dermatitis and otitis externa.
Prescription Diet d/d Canine foods contain a single, novel animal protein source (egg,
duck, salmon and venison) which is not generally associated with adverse reactions to food
in dogs. A limited number of digestible novel meat protein and carbohydrate ingredients help
avoid common food allergies.
Prescription Diet d/d Canine foods can help aid in the management of pruritic dermatitis,
chronic gastroenteritis or colitis, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), chronic otitis externa, flea
allergy dermatitis, and contact dermatitis.
Supplementation is unnecessary (including fatty acid supplements) and may decrease the
effectiveness of the food.
For use as an elimination diet (for maximum reliability in the identification of dietary
sensitivity): Prescription Diet
z/d
ULTRA Allergen-Free Canine.

To manage and eliminate adverse reactions to food: Prescription Diet
z/d
ULTRA
Allergen-Free Canine or Prescription Diet
z/d
Low Allergen Canine.

Not recommended for
Patients with hyperlipidemia, pancreatitis, history of pancreatitis or at risk of pancreatitis.
Disease Category:
d/d
Canine provides complete

and balanced nutrition for the maintenance of adult dogs.
Body
Weight
(lb)
RICE & EGG
FORMULAS
Dry Cups
POTATO &
DUCK
FORMULA
Dry Cups
POTATO &
VENISON
FORMULA
AND
POTATO &
SALMON
FORMULA
Dry Cups
5 -
5
/8 -
2
/3 -
2
/3
10 - 1
1
/8 - 1
1
/8 - 1
1
/8
20 1
1
/3 - 1 1
1
/3 - 1 1
1
/3 - 1
40 2 - 3 2 - 3 2 - 3
60 3 - 4 3 - 4 3 - 4
80 3
2
/3 - 5 3 - 5 3 - 5
100 4
1
/3 - 6 4 - 6 4 - 6
1 cup is equal to 1 can. 1 can is equal to 1 cup.
d/d Rice & egg Formula Canine: Bags of 8 lbs (5645) and 17.6 lbs (5646)
d/d Potato & Duck Formula Canine: Bags of 8 lbs (5347) and 17.6 lbs (5343)
d/d Potato & Venison Formula Canine: Bags of 8 lbs (5348) and 17.6 lbs (5342)
d/d Potato & Salmon Formula Canine: Bags of 8 lbs (5346) and 17.6 lbs (5345)
KEY BENEFITS
Protein
Number of Novel
Protein Formulas
Carbohydrate
Antioxidants
Highly digestible
Reduced
Four
Potato or rice
Added
allergic reaction.
Duck, salmon, venison and egg provide more choices related to a suspected allergy or
patient preference.

Allergies to potato or rice are uncommon.

These characteristics make Prescription Diet d/d Canine veterinary exclusive pet foods useful as a nutritional aid for dogs with adverse reactions to food or
certain gastrointestinal disorders:
5
As Fed
1
Dry Matter
2
3
Protein 17.0 % 18.5 % 4.4 g
Fat 15.2 % 16.5 % 3.9 g
Carbohydrate (NFE) 54.9 % 59.7 % 14.1 g
Crude Fiber 1.0 % 1.1 % 0.3 g
Calcium 0.55 % 0.60 % 142 mg
Phosphorus 0.46 % 0.50 % 118 mg
Sodium 0.26 % 0.28 % 67 mg
Potassium 0.64 % 0.70 % 165 mg
Magnesium 0.062 % 0.067 % 16 mg
Taurine 0.64 % 0.70 % 165 mg
kcal/kg 3,885 4,223
kcal/cup 383
Weight oz/cup 3.5
Cups per lb 4.6
% Calories From: Protein 16 Fat 34 Carbohydrates 50
DRY INGREDIENTS
1-800-548-VETS (8387)
.
www.HillsVet.com
Rice and egg Formula: Brewers Rice, Dried Egg Product, Pork Fat (preserved with mixed tocopherols and citric acid), Natural Flavor, Soybean Oil, Powdered
Cellulose, Dicalcium Phosphate, Fish Oil, Potassium Chloride, Vitamins (l-ascorbyl-2-polyphosphate [source of vitamin C], vitamin E supplement, niacin, thiamine
mononitrate, vitamin A supplement, calcium pantothenate, biotin, vitamin B12 supplement, pyridoxine hydrochloride, riboflavin, folic acid, vitamin D3 supplement),
Calcium Carbonate, Vitamin E Supplement, Choline Chloride, Iodized Salt, Taurine, preserved with Mixed Tocopherols, Citric Acid & Ethoxyquin, Minerals (ferrous
sulfate, zinc oxide, copper sulfate, manganous oxide, calcium iodate, sodium selenite), Beta-Carotene, Rosemary Extract.
As Fed
1
Dry Matter
2
3
Protein 16.6 % 18.0 % 4.5 g
Fat 15.6 % 17.0 % 4.2 g
Crude Fiber 1.5 % 1.6 % 0.4 g
Calcium 0.73 % 0.79 % 196 mg
Phosphorus 0.53 % 0.58 % 143 mg
Sodium 0.33 % 0.36 % 89 mg
Potassium 0.72 % 0.78 % 194 mg
Magnesium 0.066 % 0.072 % 18 mg
Total Omega-3 Fatty Acids 0.72 % 0.78 % 194 mg
kcal/kg 3,719 4,042
kcal/cup 366
Weight oz/cup 3.5
Cups per lb 4.6
DRY INGREDIENTS
Potato and Duck Formula: Potato, Potato Starch, Duck, Potato Protein, Pork Fat (preserved with mixed tocopherols and citric acid), Soybean Oil, Natural Flavor, Dicalcium
Phosphate, Potassium Chloride, Powdered Cellulose, Fish Oil, Iodized Salt, Calcium Carbonate, Duck By-Product Meal, Choline Chloride, Vitamins (l-ascorbyl-2-polyphosphate
[source of vitamin C], vitamin E supplement, niacin, thiamine mononitrate, vitamin A supplement, calcium pantothenate, biotin, vitamin B12 supplement, pyridoxine
hydrochloride, riboflavin, folic acid, vitamin D3 supplement), DL-Methionine, Vitamin E Supplement, Taurine, Glycerol Monostearate, Minerals (ferrous sulfate, zinc oxide, copper
sulfate, manganous oxide, calcium iodate, sodium selenite), L-Tryptophan, preserved with Mixed Tocopherols, Citric Acid and Ethoxyquin, Beta-Carotene, Rosemary Extract.
6
As Fed
1
Dry Matter
2
3
Protein 16.6 % 18.0 % 4.5 g
Fat 15.2 % 16.5 % 4.1 g
Crude Fiber 1.5 % 1.6 % 0.4 g
Calcium 0.73 % 0.79 % 197 mg
Phosphorus 0.52 % 0.57 % 140 mg
Sodium 0.33 % 0.36 % 89 mg
Potassium 0.72 % 0.78 % 194 mg
Magnesium 0.064 % 0.070 % 17 mg
Taurine 0.71 % 0.77 % 191 mg
kcal/kg 3,711 4,034
kcal/cup 366
Weight oz/cup 3.5
Cups per lb 4.6
DRY INGREDIENTS
Potato and Venison Formula: Potato, Potato Starch, Venison, Potato Protein, Pork Fat (preserved with mixed tocopherols and citric acid), Soybean Oil,
Natural Flavor, Dicalcium Phosphate, Potassium Chloride, Powdered Cellulose, Venison Meal, Fish Oil, Iodized Salt, Calcium Carbonate, Choline Chloride, Vitamins
(l-ascorbyl-2-polyphosphate [source of vitamin C], vitamin E supplement, niacin, thiamine mononitrate, vitamin A supplement, calcium pantothenate, biotin, vitamin
B12 supplement, pyridoxine hydrochloride, riboflavin, folic acid, vitamin D3 supplement), DL-Methionine, Vitamin E Supplement, Taurine, Glycerol Monostearate,
Minerals (ferrous sulfate, zinc oxide, copper sulfate, manganous oxide, calcium iodate, sodium selenite), L-Tryptophan, preserved with Mixed Tocopherols, Citric Acid
and Ethoxyquin, Beta-Carotene, Rosemary Extract.
As Fed
1
Dry Matter
2
3
Protein 16.6 % 18.0 % 4.5 g
Fat 15.2 % 16.5 % 4.1 g
Crude Fiber 1.6 % 1.7 % 0.4 g
Calcium 0.74 % 0.80 % 199 mg
Phosphorus 0.53 % 0.58 % 143 mg
Sodium 0.34 % 0.37 % 92 mg
Potassium 0.75 % 0.82 % 202 mg
Magnesium 0.070 % 0.076 % 19 mg
kcal/kg 3,710 4,033
kcal/cup 366
Weight oz/cup 3.5
Cups per lb 4.6
DRY INGREDIENTS
Potato and Salmon Formula: Potato, Potato Starch, Salmon, Potato Protein, Pork Fat (preserved with mixed tocopherols and citric acid), Soybean Oil,
Natural Flavor, Dicalcium Phosphate, Fish Meal, Potassium Chloride, Powdered Cellulose, Fish Oil, Iodized Salt, Calcium Carbonate, Choline Chloride, Vitamins
(l-ascorbyl-2-polyphosphate [source of vitamin C], vitamin E supplement, niacin, thiamine mononitrate, vitamin A supplement, calcium pantothenate, biotin, vitamin
B12 supplement, pyridoxine hydrochloride, riboflavin, folic acid, vitamin D3 supplement), Vitamin E Supplement, DL-Methionine, Taurine, Glycerol Monostearate,
Minerals (ferrous sulfate, zinc oxide, copper sulfate, manganous oxide, calcium iodate, sodium selenite), preserved with Mixed Tocopherols, Citric Acid and
Ethoxyquin, L-Tryptophan, Beta-Carotene, Rosemary Extract.
7
1-800-548-VETS (8387)
.
www.HillsVet.com
8
Hills
Prescription Diet
z/d
ULTRA Allergen-Free Canine

KEY BENEFITS
Protein
Carbohydrate
omega-3 Fatty Acids
omega-6 Fatty Acids
Antioxidants
Hydrolyzed
Refined
Increased
Added
Highly digestible animal protein source with an average molecular weight <3,000 daltons;
no intact animal protein.
A single, highly digestible carbohydrate source helps avoid common food allergens.
Help manage associated inflammation and nourish the skin and coat.
Indications
Gastrointestinal disorders.
The hydrolyzed animal proteins in Prescription Diet z/d ULTRA Allergen-Free Canine
have an average molecular weight less than 3,000 daltons. This allows them to escape
detection by the immune system, which helps avoid adverse reactions.
The hydrolyzed animal protein source and a single, highly digestible carbohydrate source (corn
starch in canned formulas or starch in dry formulas) help avoid common food allergens.
Pruritic dermatitis, chronic otitis externa: Adverse food reactions in dogs typically occur
as non-seasonal pruritic dermatitis. Many dogs with adverse food reactions only have clinical
signs of chronic otitis externa.
Chronic gastroenteritis, chronic colitis: Adverse food reactions can result in chronic
vomiting and/or diarrhea associated with gastrointestinal inflammation. Mildly affected dogs may
only show an increase in the number of bowel movements or may have occasional vomiting.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): Adverse reactions to food may be associated with IBD.
Prescription Diet z/d products may be helpful for dogs with inflammatory bowel disease.
For dogs with adverse reactions to food: Prescription Diet
d/d
Canine.
For dogs with colitis, gastroenteritis (acute or chronic), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or
vomiting (acute or chronic): Prescription Diet
i/d
Canine.
Not recommended for
These characteristics make Prescription Diet z/d ULTRA Allergen-Free Canine veterinary
exclusive pet food useful as a nutritional aid for dogs with adverse reactions to food or certain
gastrointestinal disorders:
Disease Category:
z/d
ULTRA Allergen-Free
Canine provides complete and balanced nutrition for the
maintenance of adult dogs. The smooth, moist texture
is perfect for mixing with z/d ULTRA Allergen-Free
Canine or z/d Low Allergen Canine Dry. The following
ranges are a starting point only and should be adjusted
as needed to maintain proper weight. Supplementation is
unnecessary (including fatty acid supplements) and may
decrease the effectiveness of the food. Mix increasing
amounts of the pets new food with decreasing amounts
of the old food over a 7-day period.
Body
Weight
(lb)
Can(s)
(5.5 oz)
Can(s)
(13 oz) Dry Cups
5 1 - 1
2
/3 -
2
/3
2
/3 - 1
10 2 - 2 - 1 1 - 1
5
/8
20 3
1
/3 - 4
2
/3 1
1
/3 - 2 2 - 2
40 5
2
/3 - 7 2
1
/3 - 3 3
1
/3 - 4
2
/3
60 7
2
/3 - 10 3 - 4 4 - 6
1
/3
80 9 - 13 4 - 5 5
2
/3- 7
100 11 - 15 4 - 6 6
2
/3 - 9
1 cup is equal to 1
2
/3 cans (5.5 oz).
1 can (5.5 oz) is equal to
5
/8 cup.
1 cup is equal to
2
/3 can (13 oz).
1 can (13 oz) is equal to 1
3
/8 cups.
z/d ULTRA Allergen-Free Canine:
Cans in 5.5 oz (5403) in cases of 24 and 13 oz (7018) in cases of 12
Bags of 8 lbs (7901) and 18 lbs (7902)
9
As Fed
1
Dry Matter
2
3
Protein 4.8 % 19.6 % 4.9 g
Fat 3.4 % 13.9 % 3.5 g
Crude Fiber 1.1 % 4.5 % 1.1 g
Calcium 0.18 % 0.73 % 185 mg
Phosphorus 0.14 % 0.57 % 144 mg
Sodium 0.05 % 0.20 % 51 mg
Potassium 0.16 % 0.65 % 164 mg
Magnesium 0.014 % 0.057 % 14 mg
Total Omega-6 Fatty Acids 0.99 % 4.04 % 1,017 mg
kcal/kg 973 3,971
kcal/can small (5.5 oz): 152; large (13 oz): 360
CANNED INGREDIENTS
Water, Hydrolyzed Chicken Liver, Corn Starch, Powdered Cellulose, Soybean Oil, Dicalcium Phosphate,Calcium Carbonate, Potassium Citrate, DL-Methionine, Choline Chloride,
Iodized Salt, Vitamin E Supplement, Taurine, Ascorbic Acid (source of vitamin C), L-Threonine, Zinc Oxide, Ferrous Sulfate, L-Tryptophan, Beta-Carotene, Thiamine Mononitrate,
Copper Sulfate, Manganous Oxide, Niacin, Calcium Pantothenate, Vitamin B12 Supplement, Pyridoxine Hydrochloride, Biotin, Calcium Iodate, Vitamin D3 Supplement,
Riboflavin, Sodium Selenite, Folic Acid.
DRY INGREDIENTS
Starch, Hydrolyzed Chicken Liver, Soybean Oil (preserved with BHA, propyl gallate and citric acid), Hydrolyzed Chicken, Powdered Cellulose, Dicalcium Phosphate, Calcium
Carbonate, Glyceryl Monostearate, Potassium Chloride, Iodized Salt, Choline Chloride, Vitamins (vitamin E supplement, niacin, thiamine mononitrate, vitamin A supplement,
l-ascorbyl-2-polyphosphate [source of vitamin C], calcium pantothenate, biotin, vitamin B12 supplement, pyridoxine hydrochloride, riboflavin, folic acid, vitamin D3 supplement),
DL-Methionine, Minerals (ferrous sulfate, zinc oxide, copper sulfate, manganous oxide, calcium iodate, sodium selenite), Taurine, Ethoxyquin (a preservative), Beta-Carotene.
As Fed
1
Dry Matter
2
3
Protein 17.5 % 19.0 % 4.7 g
Fat 12.8 % 13.9 % 3.4 g
Crude Fiber 2.5 % 2.7 % 0.7 g
Calcium 0.61 % 0.66 % 164 mg
Phosphorus 0.47 % 0.51 % 126 mg
Sodium 0.27 % 0.29 % 73 mg
Potassium 0.61 % 0.66 % 164 mg
Magnesium 0.050 % 0.054 % 13 mg
kcal/kg 3,724 4,048
kcal/cup 254
Weight oz/cup 2.4
Cups per lb 6.6
1-800-548-VETS (8387)
.
www.HillsVet.com
10
Hills
Prescription Diet
z/d
Low Allergen Canine

KEY BENEFITS
Protein
Carbohydrate
omega-3 Fatty Acids
omega-6 Fatty Acids
Antioxidants
Hydrolyzed
Single source
Increased
Added
A single, highly digestible carbohydrate source helps avoid common food allergens.
Indications
The hydrolyzed animal proteins in Prescription Diet z/d Low Allergen Canine have an
average molecular weight less than 3,000 daltons. This allows them to escape detection by the
immune system, which helps avoid adverse reactions.
The hydrolyzed animal protein source and a single, highly digestible carbohydrate source
(potato) help avoid common food allergens.
Pruritic dermatitis, chronic otitis externa: Adverse food reactions in dogs typically occur
as non-seasonal pruritic dermatitis. Many dogs with adverse food reactions only have clinical
signs of chronic otitis externa.
vomiting and/or diarrhea associated with gastrointestinal inflammation. Mildly affected dogs may
only show an increase in the number of bowel movements or may have occasional vomiting.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): Adverse reactions to food may be associated with IBD.
Prescription Diet z/d products may be helpful for dogs with inflammatory bowel disease.
For dogs with adverse reactions to food: Prescription Diet
d/d
Canine or
Prescription Diet
z/d
ULTRA Allergen-Free Canine (canned).

For dogs with colitis, gastroenteritis (acute or chronic), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or
vomiting (acute or chronic): Prescription Diet
i/d
Canine.
Not recommended for
These characteristics make Prescription Diet z/d Low Allergen Canine veterinary exclusive pet food useful as a nutritional aid for dogs with adverse reactions
to food or certain gastrointestinal disorders:
Disease Category:
z/d
Low Allergen Canine

provides complete and balanced nutrition for the
maintenance of adult dogs. The following ranges are a
starting point only and should be adjusted as needed to
maintain proper weight. Mix increasing amounts of the
pets new food with decreasing amounts of the old food
over a 7-day period.
Body Weight (lb) Dry Cups
5 -
2
/3
10
7
/8 - 1
1
/8
20 1
1
/3 - 2
40 2
1
/3 - 3
60 3 - 4
1
/3
80 4 - 5
100 4
2
/3 - 6
z/d ULTRA Low Allergen Canine: Bags of 8 lbs (7903) and 27.5 lbs (7904)
11
As Fed
1
Dry Matter
2
3
Protein 18.9 % 20.5 % 5.1 g
Fat 12.0 % 13.0 % 3.3 g
Crude Fiber 3.2 % 3.5 % 0.9 g
Calcium 0.57 % 0.62 % 155 mg
Phosphorus 0.49 % 0.53 % 133 mg
Sodium 0.36 % 0.39 % 98 mg
Potassium 1.20 % 1.30 % 326 mg
Magnesium 0.089 % 0.097 % 24 mg
kcal/kg 3,679 3,999
kcal/cup 363
Weight oz/cup 3.5
Cups per lb 4.6
DRY INGREDIENTS
1-800-548-VETS (8387)
.
www.HillsVet.com
Dried Potato Product, Hydrolyzed Chicken Liver, Potato Starch, Soybean Oil (preserved with BHA, propyl gallate and citric acid), Hydrolyzed Chicken, Powdered Cellulose,
Calcium Sulfate, Dicalcium Phosphate, Glyceryl Monostearate, Iodized Salt, Choline Chloride, Vitamins (vitamin E supplement, l-ascorbyl-2-polyphosphate [source of vitamin
C], niacin, thiamine mononitrate, vitamin A supplement, calcium pantothenate, biotin, vitamin B12 supplement, pyridoxine hydrochloride, riboflavin, folic acid, vitamin D3
supplement), Calcium Carbonate, Minerals (ferrous sulfate, zinc oxide, copper sulfate, manganous oxide, calcium iodate, sodium selenite), DL-Methionine, Taurine, Ethoxyquin
(a preservative), Beta-Carotene.
12
Venison &
Green Pea
Duck & Green
Pea
Rabbit & Green
Pea
Hills
Prescription Diet
d/d
Feline
KEY BENEFITS
Protein
Number of Novel
Protein Formulas
Carbohydrate
Antioxidants
Highly digestible
Three
Green pea
Added
allergic reaction.
Duck, rabbit or venison provide more choices related to a suspected allergy or
patient preference.

Allergies to green pea are uncommon.

Indications
Inflammatory skin conditions such as atopy, flea allergy dermatitis and feline
eosinophilic granuloma complex
Prescription Diet d/d Feline foods contain a single, novel animal protein source (duck, rabbit, or
venison) which is not generally associated with adverse reactions to food in cats.
Prescription Diet d/d Feline foods may help aid in the management of the following:
Pruritic dermatitis: Adverse food reactions in cats typically occur as pruritic dermatitis, with or
without concurrent gastrointestinal signs.
Chronic gastroenteritis, chronic colitis: Adverse food reactions can result in chronic vomiting
and/or diarrhea associated with gastrointestinal inflammation; mildly affected cats may only show an
increase in the number of bowel movements or may have occasional vomiting.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): Adverse reactions to food may potentiate IBD.
Atopic dermatitis, food allergy and flea allergy can occur in the same patient concurrently.
Allergic dermatitis patients may have clinical signs of eosinophilic granuloma complex.
Contact dermatitis.
Supplementation beyond the analogous canned or dry formula (including fatty acid supplements) is
unnecessary and may decrease the effectiveness of the food.
For use as an elimination food, for patients with IBD, or to manage and eliminate
adverse reactions to food: Prescription Diet
z/d
ULTRA Allergen-Free Feline and

Prescription Diet
z/d

Low Allergen Feline.
Not recommended for
Growing kittens, pregnant or nursing cats.
Patients with concurrent use of urinary acidifiers.
These characteristics make Prescription Diet d/d Feline veterinary exclusive pet foods useful as a nutritional aid for dogs with adverse reactions to food:
d/d Duck Formula Feline: Cans of 5.5 oz (5364) in cases of 24
d/d Venison Formula Feline: Cans of 5.5 oz (5365) in cases of 24
d/d Duck & Green Pea Formula Feline: Bags of 3.5 lbs (5351) and 8.5 lbs (5355)
d/d Rabbit & Green Pea Formula Feline: Bags of 3.5 lbs (5352) and 8.5 lbs (5357)
d/d Venison & Green Pea Formula Feline: Bags of 3.5 lbs (5350) and 8.5 lbs (5356)
Disease Category:
d/d
Feline provides complete

and balanced nutrition for the maintenance of adult cats.
Body
Weight (lb)
ALL CANNED
FORMULAS
Can(s) (5.5 oz)
ALL DRY
FORMULAS
Dry Cups
5
2
/3 - 1 -
3
/8
10 1 - 1
2
/3 -
5
/8
15 1 - 2
5
/8 -
7
/8
1 cup is equal to 2
5
/8 cans.
1 can is equal to
3
/8 cup.
1 cup is equal to 2 cans (venison formulas only).
13
As Fed
1
Dry Matter
2
3
Protein 10.1 % 38.1 % 8.4 g
Fat 7.7 % 29.1 % 6.4 g
Crude Fiber 1.2 % 4.5 % 1.0 g
Calcium 0.21 % 0.79 % 174 mg
Phosphorus 0.20 % 0.75 % 165 mg
Sodium 0.08 % 0.30 % 66 mg
Potassium 0.25 % 0.94 % 207 mg
Magnesium 0.022 % 0.083 % 18 mg
Taurine .015 % 0.57 % 124 mg
kcal/kg 1,209 4,562
kcal/can 189
CANNED INGREDIENTS
Duck Formula: Water, Duck, Duck Liver, Ground Green Pea, Powdered Cellulose, Soybean Oil, Pea Protein Concentrate, Brewers Dried Yeast,
Fish Oil, Glucose, Calcium Carbonate, DL-Methionine, Dicalcium Phosphate, Taurine, L-Cysteine, Choline Chloride, Iron Oxide, Glycine, Potassium
Chloride, Iodized Salt, Vitamin E Supplement, Potassium Citrate, Thiamine Mononitrate, Ascorbic Acid (source of vitamin C), Zinc Oxide, Ferrous
Sulfate, Thiamine Hydrochloride, Niacin, Pyridoxine Hydrochloride, Beta-Carotene, Manganous Oxide, Calcium Pantothenate, Vitamin B12
Supplement, Riboflavin, Biotin, Vitamin D3 Supplement, Calcium Iodate, Folic Acid, Sodium Selenite.
1-800-548-VETS (8387)
.
www.HillsVet.com
As Fed
1
Dry Matter
2
3
Protein 9.7 % 37.3 % 7.7 g
Fat 7.9 % 30.4 % 6.3 g
Crude Fiber 1.2 % 4.6 % 1.0 g
Calcium 0.21 % 0.81 % 166 mg
Phosphorus 0.19 % 0.73 % 150 mg
Sodium 0.09 % 0.35 % 71 mg
Potassium 0.24 % 0.92 % 190 mg
Magnesium 0.023 % 0.088 % 18 mg
Taurine 0.10 % 0.38 % 79 mg
kcal/kg 1,263 4,858
kcal/can 197
CANNED INGREDIENTS
Venison Formula: Venison, Water, Venison Liver, Ground Green Pea, Pea Protein Concentrate, Soybean Oil, Powdered Cellulose, Fish Oil,
DL-Methionine, Choline Chloride, Calcium Carbonate, Iron Oxide, Calcium Sulfate, Iodized Salt, Potassium Chloride, Taurine, Dicalcium Phosphate,
Vitamin E Supplement, Thiamine Mononitrate, Ascorbic Acid (source of vitamin C), Zinc Oxide, Ferrous Sulfate, Beta-Carotene, Niacin, Manganous
Oxide, Copper Sulfate, Pyridoxine Hydrochloride, Calcium Pantothenate, Vitamin B12 Supplement, Riboflavin, Biotin, Vitamin D3 Supplement,
Calcium Iodate, Folic Acid, Sodium Selenite.
14
As Fed
1
Dry Matter
2
3
Protein 30.1 % 32.0 % 7.9 g
Fat 20.9 % 22.2 % 5.5 g
Crude Fiber 4.7 % 5.0 % 1.2 g
Calcium 0.69 % 0.73 % 182 mg
Phosphorus 0.69 % 0.73 % 182 mg
Sodium 0.32 % 0.34 % 84 mg
Potassium 0.89 % 0.95 % 235 mg
Magnesium 0.111 % 0.118 % 29 mg
Taurine 0.34 % 0.36 % 90 mg
kcal/kg 3,794 4,036
kcal/can 460
Weight oz/cup 4.3
Cups per lb 3.7
DRY INGREDIENTS
Rabbit & Green Pea Formula: Pea Protein Concentrate, Rabbit, Pea Bran Meal, Ground Green Peas, Pork Fat (preserved with mixed
tocopherols and citric acid), Rabbit Meal, Soybean Oil, Calcium Sulfate, Natural Flavor, Fish Oil, DL-Methionine, Dicalcium Phosphate, Choline
Chloride, L-Cystene, Iodized Salt, Taurine, Calcium Carbonate, Vitamin E Supplement, Vitamins (l-ascorbyl-2-polyphosphate [source of vitamin C],
vitamin E supplement, niacin, thiamine mononitrate, vitamin A supplement, calcium pantothenate, riboflavin, biotin, vitamin B12 supplement,
pyridoxine hydrochloride, folic acid, vitamin D3 supplement), Minerals (ferrous sulfate, zinc oxide, copper sulfate, manganous oxide, calcium
iodate, sodium selenite), preserved with Mixed Tocopherols, Citric Acid and Ethoxyquin, Beta-Carotene, Rosemary Extract.
DRY INGREDIENTS
Duck & Green Pea Formula: Pea Protein Concentrate, Duck, Pea Bran Meal, Ground Green Peas, Pork Fat (preserved with mixed tocopherols
and citric acid), Duck Meal, Soybean Oil, Calcium Sulfate, Natural Flavor, Fish Oil, Choline Chloride, DL-Methionine, Iodized Salt, L-Cysteine,
Taurine, Dicalcium Phosphate, Vitamin E Supplement, Vitamins (l-ascorbyl-2-polyphosphate [source of vitamin C], vitamin E supplement, niacin,
thiamine mononitrate, vitamin A supplement, calcium pantothenate, riboflavin, biotin, vitamin B12 supplement, pyridoxine hydrochloride, folic
acid, vitamin D3 supplement), Potassium Sulfate, Minerals (ferrous sulfate, zinc oxide, copper sulfate, manganous oxide, calcium iodate, sodium
selenite), preserved with Mixed Tocopherols, Citric Acid and Ethoxyquin, Beta-Carotene, Rosemary Extract.
As Fed
1
Dry Matter
2
3
Protein 30.1 % 32.0 % 7.8 g
Fat 22.5 % 23.9 % 5.9 g
Crude Fiber 4.7 % 5.0 % 1.2 g
Calcium 0.68 % 0.72 % 177 mg
Phosphorus 0.68 % 0.72 % 177 mg
Sodium 0.38 % 0.40 % 99 mg
Potassium 0.94 % 1.00 % 245 mg
Magnesium 0.104 % 0.111 % 27 mg
Taurine 0.35 % 0.37 % 91 mg
kcal/kg 3,842 4,087
kcal/can 466
Weight oz/cup 4.3
Cups per lb 3.7
15
DRY INGREDIENTS
Venison & Green Pea Formula: Pea Protein Concentrate, Venison, Pea Bran Meal, Ground Green Peas, Pork Fat (preserved with mixed
tocopherols and citric acid), Venison Meal, Soybean Oil, Calcium Sulfate, Natural Flavor, Fish Oil, Choline Chloride, DL-Methionine, L-Cysteine,
Iodized Salt, Taurine, Vitamin E Supplement, Vitamins (l-ascorbyl-2-polyphosphate [source of vitamin C], vitamin E supplement, niacin, thiamine
mononitrate, vitamin A supplement, calcium pantothenate, riboflavin, biotin, vitamin B12 supplement, pyridoxine hydrochloride, folic acid, vitamin
D3 supplement), Minerals (ferrous sulfate, zinc oxide, copper sulfate, manganous oxide, calcium iodate, sodium selenite), preserved with Mixed
Tocopherols, Citric Acid and Ethoxyquin, Beta-Carotene, Rosemary Extract.
As Fed
1
Dry Matter
2
3
Protein 30.1 % 32.0 % 7.8 g
Fat 21.4 % 22.8 % 5.5 g
Crude Fiber 4.6 % 4.9 % 1.2 g
Calcium 0.79 % 0.84 % 204 mg
Phosphorus 0.70 % 0.74 % 181 mg
Sodium 0.28 % 0.30 % 72 mg
Potassium 0.90 % 0.96 % 232 mg
Magnesium 0.109 % 0.116 % 28 mg
Taurine 0.35 % 0.37 % 90 mg
kcal/kg 3,872 4,119
kcal/can 470
Weight oz/cup 4.3
Cups per lb 3.7
1-800-548-VETS (8387)
.
www.HillsVet.com
16
Hills
Prescription Diet
z/d
ULTRA Allergen-Free Feline

KEY BENEFITS
Protein
Carbohydrate
omega-3 Fatty Acids
omega-6 Fatty Acids
Antioxidants
Hydrolyzed
Refined source
High
Increased
Added
Highly digestible carbohydrate source helps avoid common food allergens.

Indications
The hydrolyzed animal proteins in z/d ULTRA Allergen-Free Feline have an average
molecular weight less than 3,000 daltons. This allows them to escape detection by the immune
system, which helps avoid adverse reactions.
The hydrolyzed animal protein source and a refined, highly digestible carbohydrate source (corn
starch) helps avoid common food allergens.
Pruritic dermatitis, eosinophilic granuloma complex: Adverse food reactions in cats
typically occur as non-seasonal pruritic dermatitis. Some cats with adverse food reactions have
clinical signs of eosinophilic granuloma complex.
vomiting and/or diarrhea associated with gastrointestinal inflammation. Mildly affected
cats may only show an increase in the number of bowel movements or may have only
occasional vomiting.
Prescription Diet z/d ULTRA Allergen-Free Feline may aid in the nutritional management
of inflammatory bowel disease in cats.
Supplementation beyond the Prescription Diet z/d ULTRA Allergen-Free Feline canned
formula (including fatty acid supplements) is unnecessary and may decrease the effectiveness of
the food.
For cats with adverse reactions to food or inflammatory bowel disease:
Prescription Diet
d/d
Feline.
For cats with colitis, diarrhea (acute or chronic) gastroenteritis (acute or chronic), inflammatory
bowel disease or vomiting (acute or chronic): Prescription Diet
i/d
Feline.
Not recommended for
These characteristics make Prescription Diet z/d ULTRA Allergen-Free Feline veterinary exclusive pet foods useful as a nutritional aid for cats with adverse
reactions to food:
z/d ULTRA Allergen-Free Feline: Cans of 5.5 oz (5238) in cases of 24
Disease Category:
z/d
ULTRA Allergen-Free
Feline provides complete and balanced nutrition for the
maintenance of adult cats. The following ranges are a
Body Weight (lb)
ALL CANNED FORMULAS
Can(s) (5.5 oz)
5
3
/4 - 1
10 1 - 1
3
/4
15 1
3
/4 - 2
1
/3
1 cup is equal to 2
1
/3 cans.
1 can is equal to
3
/8 cup.
17
As Fed
1
Dry Matter
2
3
Protein 8.9 % 33.7 % 8.2 g
Fat 4.8 % 18.2 % 4.4 g
Crude Fiber 0.4 % 1.5 % 0.4 g
Calcium 0.19 % 0.72 % 176 mg
Phosphorus 0.17 % 0.64 % 157 mg
Sodium 0.08 % 0.30 % 74 mg
Potassium 0.21 % 0.80 % 194 mg
Magnesium 0.017 % 0.064 % 16 mg
Taurine 0.10 % 0.38 % 93 mg
kcal/kg 1,081 4,095
kcal/can 169
CANNED INGREDIENTS
Hydrolyzed Chicken Liver, Water, Corn Starch, Soybean Oil, Powdered Cellulose, Calcium Carbonate, DL-Methionine, Potassium Chloride,
Dicalcium Phosphate, Choline Chloride, Iodized Salt, Vitamin E Supplement, Taurine, Calcium Sulfate, Thiamine Mononitrate, Zinc Oxide,
Ascorbic Acid (source of vitamin C), Ferrous Sulfate, Niacin, Beta-Carotene, Manganous Oxide, Copper Sulfate, Pyridoxine Hydrochloride, Calcium
Pantothenate, Vitamin B12 Supplement, Riboflavin, Biotin, Vitamin D3 Supplement, Calcium Iodate, Folic Acid, Sodium Selenite.
1-800-548-VETS (8387)
.
www.HillsVet.com
18
Hills
Prescription Diet
z/d
Low Allergen Feline

KEY BENEFITS
Protein
Carbohydrate
omega-3 Fatty Acids
omega-6 Fatty Acids
Antioxidants
Hydrolyzed
Single source
High
Increased
Added
Highly digestible carbohydrate source helps avoid common food allergens.

Indications
The hydrolyzed animal proteins in z/d Low Allergen Feline have an average molecular
weight less than 3,000 daltons. This allows them to escape detection by the immune system,
which helps avoid adverse reactions.
The hydrolyzed animal protein source and a single, highly digestible carbohydrate source (rice)
help avoid common food allergens.
Pruritic dermatitis, eosinophilic granuloma complex: Adverse food reactions in cats
typically occur as non-seasonal pruritic dermatitis. Some cats with adverse food reactions have
clinical signs of eosinophilic granuloma complex.
vomiting and/or diarrhea associated with gastrointestinal inflammation. Mildly affected
cats may only show an increase in the number of bowel movements or may have only
occasional vomiting.
Prescription Diet z/d Low Allergen Feline may aid in the nutritional management of
inflammatory bowel disease in cats.
Supplementation beyond the z/d Low Allergen Feline dry formula (including fatty acid
supplements) is unnecessary and may decrease the effectiveness of the food.
For cats with adverse reactions to food or inflammatory bowel disease:
Prescription Diet
d/d
Feline.
For cats with colitis, diarrhea (acute or chronic) gastroenteritis (acute or chronic), inflammatory
bowel disease or vomiting (acute or chronic): Prescription Diet
i/d
Feline.
Not recommended for
These characteristics make Prescription Diet z/d Low Allergen Feline veterinary exclusive pet foods useful as a nutritional aid for cats with adverse
reactions to food:
z/d Low Allergen Feline: Bags of 4 lbs (7905) and 10 lbs (9623)
Disease Category:
z/d
Low Allergen Feline

provides complete and balanced nutrition for the
maintenance of adult cats. The following ranges are a
5
1
/3 -
10 -
3
/4
15
3
/4 - 1
1 cup is equal to 2
1
/3 cans.
1 can is equal to
3
/8 cup.
19
As Fed
1
Dry Matter
2
3
Protein 37.0 % 40.0 % 9.7 g
Fat 15.9 % 17.2 % 4.2 g
Crude Fiber 1.7 % 1.8 % 0.4 g
Calcium 0.65 % 0.71 % 172 mg
Phosphorus 0.56 % 0.61 % 147 mg
Sodium 0.33 % 0.36 % 88 mg
Potassium 0.68 % 0.74 % 180 mg
Magnesium 0.067 % 0.072 % 18 mg
Taurine 0.21 % 0.23 % 55 mg
kcal/kg 3,797 4,105
kcal/cup 396
Weight oz/cup 3.7
Cups per lb 4.4
DRY INGREDIENTS
Rice Protein Concentrate, Brewers Rice, Hydrolyzed Chicken Liver, Soybean Oil (preserved with BHA, propyl gallate and citric acid), Powdered
Cellulose, Hydrolyzed Chicken, Calcium Carbonate, Potassium Chloride, Glyceryl Monostearate, Choline Chloride, Dicalcium Phosphate,
Vitamins (vitamin E supplement, l-ascorbyl-2-polyphosphate [source of vitamin C], niacin, thiamine mononitrate, vitamin A supplement, calcium
pantothenate, riboflavin, biotin, vitamin B12 supplement, pyridoxine hydrochloride, folic acid, vitamin D3 supplement), Iodized Salt, Calcium
Sulfate, Taurine, Minerals (ferrous sulfate, zinc oxide, copper sulfate, manganous oxide, calcium iodate, sodium selenite), Ethoxyquin (a
preservative), Beta-Carotene.
1-800-548-VETS (8387)
.
www.HillsVet.com
20
Hills
Science Diet
Sensitive Skin Adult Canine

Adult dogs with sensitive skin
KEY BENEFITS FOR PET OWNERS
Unique Protein
Combination for Skin Health
High Fatty Acid Levels
Superior Antioxidant Formula
Naturally Preserved
High-quality protein, including egg protein and other essential amino acids provide key building blocks for
healthy skin and a shiny coat.
High levels of omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids to nourish skin and help replenish its natural oils.
A higher level of vitamins E + C versus major competitive brands.
A powerful combination of antioxidants helps keep the immune system healthy. Antioxidants are known to help
slow cell damage. Vitamins E and C are known to support healthy skin and coat.
Mixed tocopherols (a form of vitamin E) preserve freshness and great taste.
Recommended for
Adult dogs 1 6 years of age with dry, flaky, itchy and sensitive skin.
Formulated with high levels of skin-essential nutrients: vitamins E and C, omega-6 and
omega-3 fatty acids.
Supports skin and coat health to help avoid dry, flaky, itchy, sensitive skin, and dull
unhealthy coat.
100% Guarantee pets will love the taste or consumers can return the unused portion
for a full refund.
For dogs with skin problems due to adverse reactions to food or inflammatory skin conditions:
Prescription Diet
z/d
Canine or Prescription Diet
d/d
Canine.
Not recommended for
Puppies, pregnant or nursing dogs.
Sensitive Skin Adult Canine:
Bags of 4.5 lbs (8533), 17.5 lbs (8534) and 35 lbs (8535)
Disease Category:
that Science Diet
Sensitive Skin Adult Canine dry

food provides complete and balanced nutrition for the
maintenance of adult dogs. These ranges are a starting
point only and should be adjusted to maintain proper
weight. Mix increasing amounts of the pets new food
with decreasing amounts of the old food over a 7-day
period. For maximum benefit, this product must be fed
as the only food. Use of supplements or mixing with any
other food is not recommended.
5 -
5
/8
10
3
/4 - 1
1
/8
20 1
1
/3 - 1
3
/4
40 2 - 3
60 3 - 4
80 3
2
/3 - 5
100 4
1
/3 - 6
21
As Fed
1
Dry Matter
2
3
Protein 25.3 % 27.5 % 6.7 g
Fat 16.0 % 17.4 % 4.2 g
Crude Fiber 1.3 % 1.4 % 0.3 g
Calcium 0.74 % 0.80 % 195 mg
Phosphorus 0.56 % 0.61 % 148 mg
Sodium 0.32 % 0.35 % 84 mg
Potassium 0.64 % 0.70 % 169 mg
Magnesium 0.078 % 0.085 % 21 mg
Vitamin C 305 mg/kg (ppm) 332 mg/kg (ppm) 8.05 mg
Vitamin E 559 mg/kg (ppm) 608 mg/kg (ppm) 14.75 IU/100 kcal
kcal/kg 3,791 4,121
kcal/cup 374
Weight oz/cup 3.5
Cups per lb 4.6
DRY INGREDIENTS
Brewers Rice, Ground Whole Grain Corn, Corn Gluten Meal, Pork Meal, Dried Egg Product, Soybean Oil, Flaxseed, Animal Fat (preserved with
mixed tocopherols and citric acid), Chicken Liver Flavor, Potassium Chloride, L-Lysine, Iodized Salt, DL-Methionine, Vitamins (l-ascorbyl-2-
polyphosphate [source of vitamin C], vitamin E supplement, niacin, thiamine mononitrate, vitamin A supplement, calcium pantothenate, biotin,
vitamin B12 supplement, pyridoxine hydrochloride, riboflavin, folic acid, vitamin D3 supplement), Calcium Carbonate, Choline Chloride, Vitamin
E Supplement, L-Tryptophan, preserved with Mixed Tocopherols and Citric Acid, Minerals (ferrous sulfate, zinc oxide, copper sulfate, manganous
oxide, calcium iodate, sodium selenite), Taurine, Beta-Carotene, Rosemary Extract.
1-800-548-VETS (8387)
.
www.HillsVet.com
22
Hills
Science Diet
Sensitive Skin Adult Feline

Adult cats with sensitive skin
KEY BENEFITS FOR PET OWNERS
Unique Protein
Combination for Skin Health
Increased Fatty Acid Levels
Superior Antioxidant Formula
Naturally Preserved
Target Urine pH 6.2 6.4
*

High-quality protein, including egg protein enhanced with selected amino acids, provides key building blocks for
healthy skin and a shiny coat.
Increased levels of omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids to nourish skin and coat.
A higher level of vitamins E + C versus major competitive brands.
A powerful combination of antioxidants helps keep the immune system healthy.
Antioxidants are known to help slow cell damage.
Vitamins E and C are known to support healthy skin and coat.
Mixed tocopherols (a form of vitamin E) preserve freshness and great taste.
Promotes a normal acid urine to support urinary tract health.
Recommended for
Adult cats 1 6 years of age with sensitive skin.
Supports skin health to help avoid scratching and shedding associated with dry, flaky skin.
Formulated with high levels of the skin-essential nutrients vitamin E, omega-6 and
omega-3 fatty acids.
100% Guarantee pets will love the taste or consumers can return the unused portion for
a full refund.
For cats with skin problems due to adverse reactions to food or inflammatory skin conditions:
Prescription Diet
z/d
Feline or Prescription Diet
d/d
Feline.
Not recommended for
Kittens, pregnant or nursing cats.
Sensitive Skin Adult Feline:
Bags of 3.5 lbs (8526) and 8.5 lbs (8527)
Disease Category:
that Science Diet
Sensitive Skin Adult Feline dry

food provides complete and balanced nutrition for the
maintenance of adult cats. These ranges are a starting
point only and should be adjusted to maintain proper
weight. Mix increasing amounts of the pets new food
with decreasing amounts of the old food over a 7-day
period. For maximum benefit, this product must be fed
as the only food. Use of supplements or mixing with any
other food is not recommended.
5
1
/3 -
10 -
3
/4
15
3
/4 - 1
*
Urine pH of individual cats may vary due to complicating factors such as time of feeding before urine collection, type of urine collection,
individual animal variation, and test methodology.
23
As Fed
1
Dry Matter
2
3
Protein 32.3 % 35.1 % 8.3 g
Fat 20.4 % 22.2 % 5.2 g
Crude Fiber 0.7 % 0.8 % 0.2 g
Calcium 0.71 % 0.77 % 182 mg
Phosphorus 0.68 % 0.74 % 174 mg
Sodium 0.38 % 0.41 % 97 mg
Potassium 0.62 % 0.67 % 159 mg
Magnesium 0.056 % 0.061 % 14 mg
Taurine 0.19 % 0.21 % 49 mg
Vitamin C 240 mg/kg (ppm) 261 mg/kg (ppm) 6.15 mg
Vitamin E 829 IU/kg 901 IU/kg 21.23 IU/100 kcal
kcal/kg 3,904 4,243
kcal/cup 400
Weight oz/cup 3.6
Cups per lb 4.4
DRY INGREDIENTS
Brewers Rice, Corn Gluten Meal, Chicken By-Product Meal, Ground Whole Grain Corn, Animal Fat (preserved with mixed tocopherols and citric
acid), Dried Egg Product, Soybean Oil, Chicken Liver Flavor, Potassium Chloride, Calcium Carbonate, Choline Chloride, DL-Methionine, L-Lysine,
Vitamins (l-ascorbyl-2-polyphosphate [source of vitamin C], vitamin E supplement, niacin, thiamine mononitrate, vitamin A supplement, calcium
pantothenate, riboflavin, biotin, vitamin B12 supplement, pyridoxine hydrochloride, folic acid, vitamin D3 supplement), Vitamin E Supplement,
Iodized Salt, Taurine, Fish Oil, Minerals (ferrous sulfate, zinc oxide, copper sulfate, manganous oxide, calcium iodate, sodium selenite), preserved
with Mixed Tocopherols and Citric Acid, Beta-Carotene, L-Tryptophan, Rosemary Extract.
1-800-548-VETS (8387)
.
www.HillsVet.com
24
FROM PROCEEDINGS, ACVIM FoRUM, 2006
Philip Roudebush, DVM, DACVIM (Small Animal Internal Medicine)
Hills Scientic Affairs, Topeka, Kansas
BASIC FATTY ACID METABOLISM
All mammals synthesize fatty acids de novo up to palmitic acid
(16:0), which may be elongated to stearic acid (18:0) and
converted into oleic acid (18:1). Plants, unlike mammals, can
insert additional double bonds into oleic acid and produce the
polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) linoleic acid (LA, 18:2n-6)
and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n-3). Both LA and ALA are
considered essential fatty acids (EFA) because animals cannot
synthesize them from other series of fatty acids; thus, they must
be supplied by the diet.
Dietary PUFA serve as substrates that may be metabolized to
form important, biologically active compounds. To produce those
metabolites, a number of cells contain a group of enzymes that
desaturate (introducing a double bond between carbon atoms),
elongate (increasing length of fatty acid chain) and oxygenate
fatty acids.
All PUFA are categorized based on the position of the first
double bond in the structure from the terminal end. The two
most important PUFA series are the omega-6 series (the first
double bond is located at the sixth carbon atom) and the
omega-3 series (the first double bond is located at the third
carbon atom). In the omega-6 series, linoleic acid can be
desaturated to yield gamma-linolenic acid (GLA, 18:3n-6), which
is elongated to dihomogammalinolenic acid (DGLA, 20:3n-6) and
ultimately desaturated again to produce arachidonic acid (AA,
20:4n-6) in the animal.
Many marine plants, especially algae, elongate chains and add
double bonds to ALA to yield omega-3 PUFA with 20 and 22
carbon atoms and five or six double bonds. Formation of these
long-chain omega-3 PUFA by marine algae and their transfer
through the food chain to fish account for the abundance of
eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid
(DHA, 22:6n-3) in certain marine fish oils.
AA and EPA act as precursors for the synthesis of eicosanoids, a
significant group of immunoregulatory molecules that function
as local hormones and mediators of inflammation. The amounts
and types of eicosanoids synthesized are determined by the
availability of the PUFA precursor and by the activities of the
enzyme system to synthesize them. In most conditions the
principal precursor for these compounds is AA, although EPA
competes with AA for the same enzyme systems. The eicosanoids
produced from AA appear to be more inflammatory than those
formed from EPA. Ingestion of oils containing omega-3 PUFA
results in a decrease in membrane AA levels, since omega-3
PUFA replace AA in the substrate pool, and also produces an
accompanying decrease in the capacity to synthesize eicosanoids
from AA. In contrast, eicosanoids derived from EPA promote less
inflammatory activity and may alter vascular function. Inflammatory
eicosanoids produced from AA may be depressed when animals
consume foods with high levels of omega-3 fatty acids.
CLINICAL USE OF FATTY ACIDS
Use of fatty acid supplementation for patients
with seborrhea
Fats and fatty acids have been recommended for many years
as supplements to improve the sheen and luster of hair. In the
past, animal and vegetable sources of fat were recommended
to improve coat quality. Investigators showed that dogs with
seborrhea have abnormally low cutaneous levels of linoleic
acid and increased cutaneous levels of oleic acid. These low
cutaneous levels are found despite normal food and serum
fatty acid concentrations. Following supplementation for 30
days with a vegetable oil high in linoleic acid (sunflower oil),
the cutaneous fatty acid concentrations return to near normal
and clinical signs of seborrhea improved. This suggests that
clinical signs of seborrhea in dogs may be partly attributable to a
localized deficiency of linoleic acid, elevated levels of arachidonic
acid in the skin, or both. However, other investigators found no
significant differences in the serum and skin fatty acid profiles of
normal and a small number of seborrheic dogs.
Seborrhea sicca is also associated with increased transepidermal
water loss, which can be reversed with cutaneous administration
of vegetable oils rich in linoleic acid. Transepidermal water loss
can also be decreased by supplementing the food with alpha-
linolenic acid. Further studies will be needed to determine the
effects of supplementation of food with other fatty acids and to
determine the optimal dose of fatty acid supplements for patients
with seborrhea.
Use of fatty acid supplementation for patients with
inammatory skin diseases
The use of fatty acids as antipruritic agents in dogs and cats has
been the subject of numerous studies and considerable debate.
The inflammation associated with allergic skin disease may be
partially caused by abnormal essential fatty acid metabolism and
inappropriate eicosanoid synthesis. A unique feature of skin is
that it lacks -6- and -5-desaturase enzyme activity, and thus
is incapable of making AA from LA or EPA from ALA. Skin can
elongate GLA to DGLA and EPA to DHA. Normal dogs metabolize
dietary sources of ALA to EPA and DHA elsewhere in the body.
These fatty acids are then incorporated into the skin. DGLA,
Fatty Acid Supplementation: Does It Really Work?
25
EPA and DHA in cutaneous cellular membranes may decrease
inflammation through competition with AA for metabolic
enzymes or because of the anti-inflammatory nature of the
eicosanoids produced. The rationale for specifically administering
products high in GLA is that GLA can be incorporated into
the skin, where it is rapidly elongated to DGLA. Because skin
lacks desaturase enzymes, DGLA is not further metabolized
to arachidonic acid. As a result, DGLA competes with AA for
metabolic enzymes. Thus there is a decrease in AA-derived
eicosanoids and an increase in the anti-inflammatory eicosanoids.
ALA is an omega-3 PUFA that is metabolized to EPA and
DHA and incorporated into the skin of normal dogs. Findings
suggest that atopic dermatitis in human beings is associated
with a deficiency of -6-desaturase activity, which prevents the
rapid conversion of ALA to EPA and DHA in atopic individuals.
Comparable studies using atopic dogs and cats have not been
published. However, one study suggested that subsets of atopic
dogs exist with different fatty acid metabolic capabilities.
The use of fatty acids for treating atopic dermatitis and chronic
pruritus has been extensively studied in dogs. Unfortunately, most
of these studies have been uncontrolled, nonblinded clinical trials
using low doses of fatty acids for short periods. Well-controlled
clinical studies using placebos and high doses of fatty acids for
six weeks or more showed decreased pruritus in 0 to more than
50% of the patients. Dogs who did not have decreased pruritus
still showed improvement in other clinical signs, including
less erythroderma and skin edema. The benefit of fatty acid
supplementation is maximized in dogs if other contributing
diseases such as adverse reactions to food, flea hypersensitivity,
bacterial pyoderma, and Malassezia dermatitis are controlled.
Overall, it is probably safe to inform clients that 50 to 65% of
dogs with allergic dermatitis and otitis externa will improve
with modification in fatty acid intake, if secondary bacterial and
yeast infections are controlled. Synergistic effects have been
documented between fatty acid supplementation and use of
other antipruritic agents such as antihistamines
and glucocorticoids.
The use of fatty acids for management of allergic skin disease and
papulocrustous (miliary) dermatitis in cats has been reported. More
than 50% of allergic cats may improve, based on the results of
uncontrolled, nonblinded clinical trials.
Recommendation for use of fatty acids for inflammatory skin disease in
dogs and cats: deliver 50 to 250 mg total omega-3 fatty acids/kg body
weight/day, or 0.8 to 3.0% total omega-3 fatty acids in the food (dry
matter basis) with omega-6 to omega-3 ratio of 2:1 to 5:1.
with arthritis
Canine models have been widely used to study the biological and
molecular mechanisms involved in cartilage matrix degradation
as the pathogenesis of degenerative joint disease progresses.
Mechanisms of cartilage metabolism in canine osteoarthritis (OA)
and the potential role of omega-3 fatty acids to ameliorate the
early events in the disease process have been investigated with
these in vitro models. These studies use cartilage tissue explants
exposed to a variety of different cytokines, growth factors
and chemical mediators that activate degradative enzymes
and metabolic factors that induce and propagate cartilage
matrix degradation. Studies were conducted to investigate the
potential for omega-3 fatty acids to modulate these degenerative
processes in canine cartilage metabolism. Importantly, EPA was
the only omega-3 fatty acid able to significantly decrease loss of
aggrecan and potentially ameliorate cartilage degradation in the
clinical setting.
Based on the results of these in vitro studies, clinical studies were
conducted with a therapeutic food designed to be useful as a
nutrition aid for dogs with OA. Four clinical studies (randomized,
double-masked, controlled studies) were completed in dogs
with spontaneous OA fed either a control or a test food. The test
food contained a 39-fold increase in the total omega-3 fatty
acid concentration and a 39-fold increase in EPA concentration
compared to the control food. Owners could feed either a dry
food or a combination of a dry plus canned foods of the control
or test formulas. Studies were conducted as six-month (one study)
or three-month prospective studies (two studies) in veterinary
hospitals in the United States. A fourth study was conducted as a
three-month prospective study in two academic specialty practices
in the United States.
Investigators reported that the animals being fed the EPA-
supplemented test formula improved in several parameters
which were evaluated during scheduled physical examinations
throughout the studies. Veterinarians reported a significant
improvement in range of motion and ability to bear weight, along
with a decrease in pain (upon palpation of the affected joint) and
lameness as compared with the condition of these dogs prior
to participating in the studies. In addition, pet owners observed
improvements in multiple clinical signs associated with OA: rising
from rest, running, walking, and playing.
In the academic specialty practice study, variables were
assessed at the beginning of the study and at 45 and 90 days
after onset of feeding the control or test food. Additionally,
gait analyses using a computerized biomechanical force plate
were also conducted at the same time intervals. On clinical
orthopedic examination, a significantly greater percentage of
dogs consuming the test food were evaluated as improved vs.
those consuming the control food. In addition, more dogs in the
26
test group had a reduction in pain at the end of the 90-day trial
when the affected joint was palpated. Vertical peak force was the
key parameter measured to determine weight bearing of affected
limbs. There was no significant change in mean peak force over
the duration of the 90-day feeding trial for the control group. The
mean vertical peak force increased significantly for the test group
over the same time interval. The percent mean change in vertical
peak force was also significantly different between groups,
indicating that the test group increased weight bearing on the
affected limb over the course of the study. Additionally, only 31% of
dogs in the control group had improved weight bearing after the 90-
day feeding trial, whereas 82% of dogs in the test group increased
weight bearing; this difference was also statistically significant.
The objective of one clinical study was to determine if the test
food altered the dose of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
(NSAID) required to manage clinical signs in dogs with OA. In this
particular study, all dogs were administered the NSAID carprofen
to help manage clinical signs. At each evaluation period (three,
six, nine and 12 weeks), the veterinarian considered the results of
the orthopedic examination and the pet owners assessment to
determine if lowering the dose of carprofen was feasible. For the
group consuming the test food, the mean carprofen dose reduction
was 25%. Significantly greater reductions in carprofen dose (mg/lb
body weight) were possible in the dogs consuming the test food
compared with the control food.
These clinical studies indicate that nutrition management
using a therapeutic food with high levels of total omega-3
fatty acids and EPA helps improve the clinical signs of OA in
dogs as measured by pet owner evaluation, clinical orthopedic
examination, and gait analysis of ground reaction forces.
Furthermore, doses of NSAID can often be reduced in dogs with
osteoarthritis consuming these types of foods.
Recommendation for use of fatty acids for canine osteoarthritis:
deliver 70 to 150 mg EPA/kg body weight/day, or 3.5 to 4.5%
total omega-3 fatty acids and 0.45 to 1.1% EPA in the food (dry
matter basis) with omega-6 to omega-3 ratio of around 0.7:1.
Use of fatty acid supplementation for patients with
chronic kidney disease
Recent studies in several species have suggested a potential
benefit from dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in
patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), especially those with
systemic hypertension and inflammatory glomerular lesions. Dietary
supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids has been shown to be
beneficial in dogs with induced chronic kidney disease. Compared
with dogs fed foods high in saturated fats or omega-6 fatty acids,
dogs consuming a food supplemented with omega-3 fatty acids
had lower mortality, better renal function, fewer renal lesions, less
proteinuria and lower cholesterol levels. In dogs fed the food with
higher omega-3 fatty acid levels, renal function actually increased
and remained above baseline over 20 months of study. Lesions
of glomerulosclerosis, tubulointerstitial fibrosis, and interstitial
inflammatory cell infiltrates were also diminished in dogs fed the
food with higher levels of omega-3 fatty acids.
Many therapeutic renal foods already contain sources of
omega-3 fatty acids and additional supplementation may not be
appropriate for animals already consuming these foods. There
is strong evidence from randomized, controlled clinical trials to
support a recommendation to feed therapeutic renal foods to
dogs and cats with stages 2, 3 and 4 CKD. The benefits shown
to accrue from this recommendation, including increased survival,
reduced risk of uremia, and improved quality of life, are of great
clinical consequence to owners and pets.
Recommendation for use of fatty acids for pets with chronic
kidney disease: deliver 200 to 250 mg total omega-3 fatty acids/
kg body weight/day or 1 to 2% total omega-3 fatty acids in the
food (dry matter basis) with omega-6 to omega-3 ratio of 2:1 as
part of a therapeutic renal food.
with cancer
The use of high levels of omega-3 fatty acids (EPA and DHA)
has been evaluated in both experimental rodent models of
cancer and in naturally occurring cancer cases in dogs and
people. Results of well-controlled clinical trials in dogs suggest
that such dietary manipulation reverses metabolic abnormalities
(hyperinsulinism, hyperlactatemia) recognized in canine patients
with cancer, improves survival in dogs undergoing chemotherapy,
and improves quality of life. In other clinical trials, high levels of
dietary omega-3 fatty acids also appear to be protective against
the negative effects of radiation therapy.
Recommendation for use of fatty acids for dogs with cancer:
deliver 800 mg total omega-3 fatty acids/kg body weight/day
or 7.5% total omega-3 fatty acids in the food (dry matter basis)
with omega-6 to omega-3 ratio of 0.3:1.
with heart disease
One study characterized the nutritional and cytokine alterations
in dogs with heart failure and tested the ability of fish oil
to reduce cytokines and improve clinical outcome. Body
composition, insulin-like growth factor-1, fatty acids, and
cytokines were measured in 28 dogs with heart failure and
in five healthy controls. Dogs with heart failure then were
randomized to receive either fish oil or placebo for eight weeks.
All parameters were measured again at the end of the study
period. Baseline plasma AA, EPA and DHA concentrations
were lower in dogs with heart failure than in controls. Fish
oil supplementation decreased interleukin-1 beta (IL-1)
concentrations and improved cachexia compared with the
27
placebo group. The mean caloric intake of the heart failure dogs
as a group was below the maintenance energy requirement, but
no difference was found in food intake between the fish oil and
placebo groups. Insulin-like growth factor-1 concentrations and
reductions in circulating IL-1 concentrations over the study period
correlated with survival. These data demonstrate that canine
heart failure is associated with cachexia, alterations in fatty acids,
and reduced caloric intake. Fish oil supplementation decreased
IL-1 concentrations and improved cachexia.
Intravenous administration of omega-3 fatty acids has been
shown to prevent fatal ventricular arrhythmias in a canine
model of sudden cardiac death. Omega-3 fatty acids appear to
electrically stabilize myocardial cells by modulating ion channels.
Additional studies have shown that fish oil supplementation
reduces cardiac arrhythmias (ventricular premature contractions)
in dogs with cardiomyopathy.
Recommendation for use of fatty acids for dogs with heart
disease and/or cardiac dysrhythmias: deliver at least 65 to 100
mg total omega-3 fatty acids/kg body weight/day or 0.5 to 1%
total omega-3 fatty acids in the food (dry matter basis) as part of
a therapeutic cardiac food.
HOW TO USE FATTY ACID SUPPLEMENTATION
In answer to the question posed in the title of this article, it is
clear that dietary fatty acid levels well above those needed to
avoid fatty acid deciency benet some animals with seborrhea,
arthritis, allergic skin disease, chronic kidney disease, heart
disease and cancer. Dietary omega-3 fatty acid concentrations can
be increased by using a supplement (usually cold water marine
oils) or changing to food(s) that contains axseed, sh meal and/
or fsh oil as major ingredients. Dietary GLA concentrations can be
increased by using a supplement with evening primrose, borage
or black currant oil. Most commercial pet foods already exceed
the omega-6 essential fatty acid requirement for linoleic acid by
using vegetable oil and/or vegetable ingredients in their formulas.
Many commercial pet foods also contain levels of omega-3 fatty
acids higher than those found in popular fatty acid supplements
(Tables 1 & 2).
What is less clear are answers to the following questions:
1) which fatty acid or combination of fatty acids is most effective,
2) what ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids is optimal,
3) what absolute amount of omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids is
appropriate in normal animals and what amount is effective in
animals with clinical disease,
4) what levels of other nutrients (vitamins, trace minerals) are
needed to allow fatty acid therapy to be effective and
5) what level of total dietary fat is needed to optimize fatty acid
metabolism and clinical efficacy.
Although definitive answers to these questions are lacking in
many situations, laboratory and clinical studies in a number of
species have established a daily dosage for total omega-3 fatty
acids that seems to be a reasonable starting point in patients
with inflammatory and other diseases. An initial dose of 50 to
250 mg of total omega-3 fatty acids (ALA, EPA and/or DHA) per
kg body weight per day seemed to be effective in a large number
of studies. This total dose can be supplied through a combination
of appropriate foods and supplements. It is important to note
that many therapeutic foods contain much higher levels of fatty
acids than those found in typical fatty acid supplements. Use of
fatty acids in management of a wide variety of conditions will be
easier and more cost effective if an appropriate food is used vs.
adding a fatty acid supplement to the regular diet. Very high levels
of omega-3 fatty acids appear beneficial in canine patients with
cancer and can only be provided effectively in a therapeutic food.
The risks and side effects of high levels of dietary fatty acids are
few. Soft feces, overt diarrhea, flatulence, vomiting and halitosis
(fishy breath) are most commonly noted at typical levels of
fatty acid supplementation. More serious potential side effects
include hemorrhage due to reduced platelet function, decreased
plasma vitamin E concentrations, and increased susceptibility to
oxidative injury. Hemorrhagic problems have not been recognized
in dogs consuming levels of omega-3 fatty acids found in pet
foods and typical supplements; cats, however, appear to be more
susceptible to hemorrhagic problems associated with fatty acid
supplementation, and caution should be used with high omega-3
fatty acid intake in cats.
28
Foods Food consumed (g)
Total
omega-6
consumed
(mg)
Total
omega-3
consumed
(mg)
Hills
Prescription Diet
d/d
Lamb Formula Canine Canned 451 3,972 1,488

Hills
Prescription Diet
d/d
Potato & Duck Formula Canine Dry 161 4,854 1,164

Hills
Prescription Diet
d/d
Duck Formula Canine Canned 624 4,932 1,248

Hills
Prescription Diet
d/d
Potato & Salmon Formula Canine Dry 162 4,206 2,100

Hills
Prescription Diet
d/d
Salmon Formula Canine Canned 613 5,148 4,350

Hills
Prescription Diet
d/d
Potato & Venison Formula Canine Dry 161 4,932 1,146

Hills
Prescription Diet
d/d
Venison Formula Canine Canned 550 4,950 1,098

Hills
Prescription Diet
d/d
Rice & Egg Formula Canine Dry 154 4,692 990

Hills
Prescription Diet
n/d
Canine Canned 380 2,772 8,088

Hills
Prescription Diet
z/d
ULTRA Allergen-Free Canine Canned 617 6,102 738

Hills
Prescription Diet
z/d
Canine Low Allergen Dry 163 4,812 618

Hills
Prescription Diet
z/d
ULTRA Allergen-Free Canine Dry 161 6,222 804

Hills
Prescription Diet
a/d
Canine/Feline Canned 521 6,882 3,126

Hills
Prescription Diet
b/d
Canine Dry 165 4,884 1,548

Hills
Prescription Diet
j/d
Canine Canned 446 4,104 6,066

Hills
Prescription Diet
j/d
Canine Dry 176 4,032 5,688

Hills
Science Diet
Adult Original Canine Dry 162 5,310 726

Hills
Science Diet
Active Adult Canine Dry 130 5,976 678

Hills
Science Diet
Lamb Meal & Rice Recipe Adult Canine Dry 162 4,815 1,002
Hills
Science Diet
Advanced Protection Adult Canine Dry 158 4,554 1,410

Hills
Science Diet
Senior 7+ Original Canine Dry 163 4,590 1,710

Hills
Science Diet
Advanced Protection Senior 7+ Canine Dry 163 5,640 1,974

Hills
Science Diet
Light Adult Canine Dry 200 5,988 618

Hills
Science Diet
Sensitive Skin Canine Dry 158 7,392 2,166

Eukanuba
Adult Maintenance Formula, dry 139 4,800 600

Eukanuba
Reduced Fat Adult Formula, dry 155 3,600 600

Eukanuba
Senior Maintenance Formula, dry 142 3,600 600

Eukanuba Veterinary Diets
Senior Plus, dry 142 4,200 600

Response
FP, dry 147 1,600 400

Response
FP, moist 475 9,600 1,200

Royal Canin
IVD
Limited Ingredient Diets
Potato & Duck Canine Formula, dry 175 2,940 1,020

Royal Canin
IVD
Potato & Rabbit Canine Formula, dry 177 3,120 1,380

Royal Canin
IVD
Whitefish Canine Formula, moist 522 6,600 3,300

Royal Canin
IVD
Duck Canine Formula, moist 536 5,340 720

Royal Canin Veterinary Diet
Skin Support SS21,
dry 153 4,884 1,758

Hypoallergenic HP19,
dry 143 7,158 1,158

Sensitivity RC21,
dry 168 3,354 1,512

Nutro
Ultra
Adult, dry 166 7,998 1,290

Nutro
Ultra
Senior, dry 168 7,392 1,380

Purina Veterinary Diets
LA Limited Antigen
Canine Formula, dry 151 1,680 1,680

Supplements
3V Caps
for Large & Giant Breeds 1 capsule 0 417

3V Caps
for Medium & Large Breeds 1 capsule 0 300

3V Caps
for Small & Medium Breeds 1 capsule 0 171

3V Caps
Liquid 0.75 ml 0 187

3V Caps
Liquid HR 1 ml 0 450
DermCaps
100 lb 1 capsule 402 252

DermCaps
ES 1 capsule 368 123

DermCaps
ES Liquid 1 ml 375 130

DermCaps
Liquid 1 ml 621 65
(Table 1 continues on next page)
Table 1
29
Table 1. The total essential fatty acid intake for a 10-kg dog eating 600 kcal per day of selected commercial foods or being given one of the selected supplements.
Table 2. The total essential fatty acid intake for a 4.5-kg cat eating 260 kcal per day of selected commercial foods or being given one of the selected supplements.
Foods Food consumed (g)
Total
omega-6
consumed
(mg)
Total
omega-3
consumed
(mg)
Hills
Prescription Diet
d/d
Duck & Green Pea Formula Feline Dry 68 2,254 473

Hills
Prescription Diet
d/d
Duck Formula Feline Canned 215 3,354 666

Hills
Prescription Diet
d/d
Rabbit & Green Pea Formula Feline Dry 69 2,304 460

Hills
Prescription Diet
d/d
Rabbit Formula Feline Canned 233 3,403 699

Hills
Prescription Diet
d/d
Venison & Green Pea Formula Feline Dry 67 2,142 458

Hills
Prescription Diet
d/d
Venison Formula Feline Canned 206 4,178 988

Hills
Prescription Diet
z/d
ULTRA Allergen-Free Feline Canned 241 2,574 289

Hills
Prescription Diet
z/d
Low Allergen Feline Dry 69 3,630 419

Hills
Prescription Diet
a/d
Canine/Feline Canned 226 3,344 1,422

Hills
Science Diet
Adult Original Feline Dry 64 2,301 140

Hills
Science Diet
Advanced Protection
Adult Feline Dry 66 2,025 354

Hills
Science Diet
Mature Adult 7+ Original Feline Dry 66 2,114 146

Hills
Science Diet
Advanced Protection
Senior 7+ Feline Dry 68 1,932 361

Hills
Science Diet
Savory Salmon Entre Adult Feline Canned 250 2,072 1,147

Hills
Science Diet
Sensitive Skin Adult Feline Dry 67 3,123 294

Eukanuba
Chicken & Rice Formula Cat Food, dry 55 2,158 302

Eukanuba
Mature Care Formula for Cats, dry 61 2,049 411

Response
LB/Feline, moist 199 2,600 520

Royal Canin
IVD
Green Pea & Venison Feline Formula, dry 73 1,794 624

Feline Hypoallergenic HP 23
, dry 63 3,003 486

Feline Sensitivity RD 30
, dry 67 2,140 213

Royal Canin Skin Care 30
Cat Food, dry 63 2,951 499

Royal Canin Adult Fit 32
Cat Food, dry 68 2,462 322

Royal Canin Indoor 27
Cat Food, dry 70 2,395 408

Royal Canin Persian 30
Cat Food, dry 60 2,889 481

Supplements
3V Caps
for Small & Medium Breeds 1 capsule 0 171

3V Caps
Liquid HR 1 ml 0 450
DermCaps
ES Liquid 1 ml 375 130

DermCaps
Liquid 1 ml 621 65
DermCaps
Regular 1 capsule 402 108

Nutrived
O.F.A. Granules 1 scoop 539 129

EicosaDerm
1/2 pump 0 300

Welactin
1 pump 0 330-364
Nordic Naturals
Omega-3 1 capsule 0 350

Table 1 (continued)
Table 2
Supplements Food consumed (g)
Total
omega-6
consumed
(mg)
Total
omega-3
consumed
(mg)
DermCaps
Regular 1 capsule 402 108

Nutrived
O.F.A. Granules 1 scoop 539 129

EicosaDerm
1 pump 0 600
Welactin
1 pump 0 330-364
Nordic Naturals
Omega-3 1 capsule 0 350

Nordic Naturals
Arctic Cod Liver Oil 1 capsule 0 280

Nordic Naturals
Ultimate Omega 1 capsule 0 700

30
Whats new in Fatty Acids: Resolvins, Protectins and omega-3-Derived Mediators
Philip Roudebush, DVM, DACVIM (SAIM)
Hills Scientific Affairs
Beneficial actions of polyunsaturated fatty acids were noted many
years ago, but the underlying mechanisms for these effects are
poorly understood. It is clear that arachidonic acid is transformed
into many potent bioactive compounds such as prostaglandins,
leukotrienes and lipoxins. The departure of fatty acids from simply
playing structural roles in cell membranes and/or as energy stores
came largely from the recognition of the rapid transformation
of arachidonic acid to these potent eicosanoids by both cyclo-
oxygenase and lipoxygenase mechanisms. Many of the classic
prostaglandins and leukotriene mediators are pro-inflammatory
and play a decisive role in inflammation and/or in systems where
prostaglandins are key physiologic regulators. Inflammation is a vital
reaction, but it also plays a central role in many prevalent chronic
diseases such as osteoarthritis, periodontal disease, inflammatory
bowel disease, cancer, brain aging/dementia, allergic dermatitis and
lower urinary tract disease.
In sharp contrast, it has become clear in recent years that counter-
regulatory substances such as lipoxins are generated during the
resolution of acute inflammation, and that these serve as agonists
for endogenous anti-inflammatory mechanisms. This constitutes
the first evidence that the resolution of inflammation, which was
once thought to be a passive process, is actually an active process
that involves up-regulating specific pro-resolution circuits. Thus,
resolution of inflammation is an active endogenous process aimed
at protecting the host from exacerbated inflammation.
THe oMeGA-3 FATTy ACID ConneCTIon
The molecular mechanisms underlying the beneficial actions of
polyunsaturated fatty acids remain an area of active research
(Figure 1). Investigators have recently identified novel oxygenated
products generated by enzymatic processes from the precursor
omega-3 fatty acids EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA
(docosahexaenoic acid). These new compounds possess potent
actions in the resolution of inflammation and may also have
neuroprotective properties. The term resolvin (resolution phase
interaction products) has been proposed for some of these
compounds since they display both potent anti-inflammatory and
immunoregulatory properties, reducing neutrophil traffic and the
magnitude of the inflammatory response. The term protectin (or
neuroprotectin) has been proposed, given the protective actions of
some of these compounds in neural and retinal tissues.
Resolvins are derived from both EPA (E series) and DHA (D series).
Both the D and E classes of resolvins appear as biosynthetic
products involving cell-to-cell interaction with vascular endothelial
cells and are potent regulators of leukocyte infiltration.
Specifically, resolvin E1 (RvE1) has been shown to dramatically
reduce dermal inflammation, peritonitis, colitis, periodontitis,
dendritic cell migration and interleukin (IL)-12 production in
animal models. Resolvins of the D series block tumor necrosis factor
(TNF)-a activity and act as potent regulators to limit leukocyte
infiltration into inflamed brain, skin and peritoneum.
Among the essential fatty acids, DHA is concentrated in the
central nervous system, neurons and retina, where it is thought to
regulate membrane fluidity and ion fluxes. The term docosanoids
has been proposed to describe products generated from DHA.
DHA-derived docosatrienes have neuroprotective action in retinal
cells and can improve the sequelae associated with stroke and
dementia. The terms protectin or neuroprotectin describe these
compounds, which are rapidly generated from DHA and released
locally into tissues. There is emerging evidence that resolvins and
docosanoid compounds may also have immunoregulatory actions
by influencing antigen-presenting cells and T-cell traffic.
CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
Fatty acid supplementation has been used for many years to
help manage patients with a variety of inflammatory diseases.
The underlying mechanisms for the beneficial effects of fatty acid
supplementation have been poorly understood. Recent research
has identified novel oxygenated compounds termed resolvins and
protectins, which are generated from the omega-3 fatty acids EPA and
DHA. These endogenous lipid/chemical mediators are switched-on
in the resolution phase of an inflammatory response, thus acting as
braking-signals in inflammation and reducing leukocyte-mediated
injury in several different tissues (Figure 1). The discovery of resolvins
and protectins offers molecular mechanisms that could underlie
some of the beneficial actions of dietary fatty acid supplementation
observed in many patients.
References
Arita M, Clish CB, Serhan CN. The contributions of aspirin and
microbial oxygenase to the biosynthesis of anti-inflammatory
resolvins: novel oxygenase products from omega-3
polyunsaturated fatty acids. Biochem Biophys Res Commun
2005;338:149-157.
Bannenberg GL, Chiang N, Ariel A, et al. Molecular circuits of
resolution: formation and actions of resolvins and protectins.
J Immunol 2005;174:4345-4355.
Schwab JM, Serhan CN. Lipoxins and new lipid mediators in the
resolution of inflammation. Curr Opin Pharm 2006;6:414-420.
Serhan CN. Novel eicosanoid and docosanoid mediators:
resolvins, docosatrienes and neuroprotectins. Curr Opin Clin Nutr
Metab Care 2005;8:115-121.
31
Figure 1 (from Schwab JM, Serhan CN. Curr Opin Pharm 2006).
Pro-inflammatory to pro-resolving: switch of lipid mediators over time during inflammation (ontogeny). (a) Hypothetical sequence of lipid-derived mediators
moderating the ontogeny of self-limited, acute inflammation: from onset (initiation, acute phase of inflammation) toward resolution (termination, return to
homeostasis). (b) Lipid mediators controlling influx into the inflammation site: switching from pro-inflammatory (PGE
2
, PGI
2
, LTB
4
) to anti-inflammatory and
pro-resolution (LXA
4
). As exemplified by LTB
4
, AA-derived mediators foster extravasation and homing of inflammatory cells at the inflammatory site. In contrast,
cell-cell interactions, exemplified by platelet-leukocytes within the vasculature and/or PMN-mucosal interactions, enhance generation of LXs. With time, a
class-shift occurs toward pro-resolving lipid-derived mediators (LXA
4
, Rvs, PDs) that block ongoing leukocyte extravasation into the inflammation site as
characteristic hallmarks of inflammatory resolution. The -3/ -6-derived lipid mediators LXA
4
, ATL, Rv E/D series and PDs share anti-inflammatory properties
but have distinct impacts within resolution, suggesting a characteristic role in the orchestrated resolution program
1,2
.
1
Levy BD, Clish CB, Schmidt B, et al. Lipid mediator class switching during acute inflammation: signals in resolution. Nat Immunol. 2001;2:612619.
2
Bannenberg N, Chiang A, Ariel M, et al. Molecular circuits of resolution: formation and actions of resolvins and protectins. J Immunol. 2005;174:43454355.
T
(a)
Lipid mediator class switching orchestrates the sequence of resolution
Onset Resolution
-6 -3
-3 PUFA-
derived:
resolvins
protectins
Cell-cell
interaction:
lipoxins
Prostaglandins
leukotrienes
Initiation
PMN phagocytosis
(b)
Lipid mediator class switching
Block recruitment/limiting leukocyte influx
Current Opinion in Pharmacology
Venule
Venule
Vasodilation PGE
2-
LTB
4
PGD
2
PGE
2
Vessel lumen Vessel lumen PMN activation Blood flow
Resolution phase: RVE1 and PD1 stop
extravasation and recruitment to the inflammation site
Acute inflammatory phase: AA-derived lipid mediator LTB
4
drives extravasation and recruitment to the inflammation site
Resolvins (E-series: D-series)
Neuroprotectins
LXA
4
Time
Termination
return to homeostasis
32
0
30
40
20
10
60
70
50
80
90
100
N
u
m
b
e
r

o
f

C
a
s
e
s
Allergic Reaction
Total
278 Canine
cases with ingredient causing problem clearly identified
Beef - 95
Dairy - 55
Wheat - 42
Chicken - 24
Egg - 18
Lamb - 13
Soy - 13
Corn - 7
Pork - 7
Fish - 6
Rice - 5
Review of literature on canine food allergy (1967-present)
278 CAnIne CAses (problem ingredient was clearly identified)
REFERENCES
Carlotti DN, Remy I, Prost C. Food allergy in dogs and cats. A review and report of 43 cases. Vet Dermatol 1990;1:55-62.
Chesney CJ. Food sensitivity in the dog: a quantitative study. J Sm Anim Pract 2002;43:203-207.
Elwood CM, Rutgers HC, Batt RM. Gastroscopic food sensitivity testing in 17 dogs. J Sm Anim Pract 1994;35:199-203.
Harvey RG. Food allergy and dietary intolerance in dogs: a report of 25 cases. J Sm Anim Pract 1993;34:175-179.
Ishida R, Masuda K, Sakaguchi M, et al. Antigen-specific histamine release in dogs with food hypersensitivity. J Vet Med Sci 2003;65:435-438.
Ishida R, Masuda K, Kurata K, et al. Lymphocyte blastogenic responses to inciting food allergens in dogs with food hypersensitivity. J Vet Intern Med 2004;18:25-30.
Jeffers JG, Shanley KJ, Meyer EK. Diagnostic testing of dogs for food hypersensitivity. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1991;189:245-250.
Jeffers JG, Meyer EK, Sosis EJ. Responses of dogs with food allergies to single-ingredient dietary provocation. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1996;209:608-611.
Kunkle G, Horner S. Validity of skin testing for diagnosis of food allergy in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1992;200:677-680.
Mueller RS, Tsohalis J. Evaluation of serum allergen-specific IgE for the diagnosis of food adverse reactions in the dog. Vet Dermatol 1998;9:167-171.
Mueller RS, Friend S, Shipstone MA, et al. Diagnosis of canine claw disease a prospective study of 24 dogs. Vet Dermatol 2000;11:133-141.
Nichols PR, Morris DO, Beale KM. A retrospective study of canine and feline cutaneous vasculitis. Vet Dermatol 2001;12:255-264.
Paterson S. Food hypersensitivity in 20 dogs with skin and gastrointestinal signs. J Sm Anim Pract 1995;36:529-534.
Tapp T, Griffin C, Rosenkrantz W, et al. Comparison of a commercial limited-antigen diet versus home-prepared diets in the diagnosis of canine adverse food
reactions. Vet Therapeutics 2002;3:244-251.
Walton GS. Skin responses in the dog and cat to ingested allergens. Vet Rec 1967;81:709-713
33
Review of literature on feline food allergy (1967-present)
56 FeLIne CAses (problem ingredient was clearly identified)
0
5
10
15
20
GI only Skin & GI Skin only Total
Beef - 16
Dairy - 16
Wheat - 3
Chicken - 4
Egg - 2
Lamb - 4
Corn gluten/Corn - 4
Fish - 13
56 Feline
cases with ingredient causing problem clearly identified
N
u
m
b
e
r

o
f

C
a
s
e
s
Allergic Reaction
REFERENCES
Carlotti DN, Remy I, Prost C. Food allergy in dogs and cats. A review and report of 43 cases. Vet Dermatol 1990;1:55-62.
Guaguere E. Food intolerance in cats with cutaneous manifestations: a review of 17 cases. Eur J Companion Anim Pract 1995;5:27-35.
Guilford WG, Jones BR, Harte JG, et al. Prevalence of food sensitivity in cats with chronic vomiting, diarrhea or pruritus (abstract). J Vet Intern Med
1996;10:156.
Guilford WG, Jones BR, Markwell PJ, et al. Food sensitivity in cats with chronic idiopathic gastrointestinal problems. J Vet Intern Med 2001;15:7-13.
Ishida R, Masuda K, Kurata K, et al. Lymphocyte blastogenic responses to food antigens in cats with food hypersensitivity. Unpublished data. University of
Tokyo, 2002.
Reedy RM. Food hypersensitivity to lamb in a cat. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1994;204:1039-1040.
Stogdale L, Bomzon L, Bland van den Berg P. Food allergy in cats. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 1982;18:188-194.
Walton GS. Skin responses in the dog and cat to ingested allergens. Vet Rec 1967;81:709-713.
Walton GS, Parish WE, Coombs RRA. Spontaneous allergic dermatitis and enteritis in a cat. Vet Rec 1968;83:35-41.
White SD, Sequoia D. Food hypersensitivity in cats: 14 cases (1982-1987). J Am Vet Med Assoc 1989;194:692-695.
34
synopses of clinical studies supporting use of Hills
Prescription Diet
z/d
and d/d

and Hills
Science Diet
Sensitive Skin formulas

Campbell KL, Roudebush P. Effects of four diets on serum and
cutaneous fatty acids, transepidermal water losses, skin surface
lipids, hydration and condition of the skin and haircoat of dogs
(abstract), in Proceedings. Annual Meeting of AAVD/ACVD, Santa Fe,
New Mexico, 1995.
Thirty-two clinically normal dogs were divided into four groups,
each group receiving one of four different foods for two months:
Eukanuba
Adult, ProPlan
Turkey & Barley, Nutro
Max
and a
dry skin and coat food with flaxseed as a plant source of
omega-3 fatty acids. The skin and coat were evaluated for
parameters of shine, scale, ease of epilation of hairs, and
skin surface character. Transepidermal water loss (TEWL), skin
hydration and skin lipid concentration were also evaluated on
days 0, 28 and 56. Dogs consuming the food containing flaxseed
had increased serum and cutaneous concentrations of omega-3
fatty acids compared with the other three groups; these dogs also
tended to have shinier hair coats and significantly lower TEWL.
Flaxseed is a good source of dietary omega-3 fatty acids and
increases omega-3 fatty acid concentrations in both serum and
skin. These changes often lead to improved skin and hair coat.
Cave NJ. The nutritional management of food hypersensitivity in
dogs and cats: an assessment of a protein hydrolysate. Masters
Thesis, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand, 2001.
A candidate chicken-protein hydrolysate was subjected to high
performance size-exclusion chromatography to characterize
its molecular weight profile. An inhibition ELISA assay was
developed to assess the residual antigenicity, using canine serum
IgG produced by dogs sensitized to the intact protein through
electrophoresis and immunoblotting. The chicken hydrolysate
had a suitable molecular weight profile with 96.9% reduced to
less than 10kDa peptides. The inhibition ELISA demonstrated
a residual antigenic mass of 1.5% compared with the intact
protein. Immunoblotting demonstrated a strong immunoreactive
band at 68 to 70kDa consistent with chicken serum albumin in
the intact protein, which was absent in the hydrolysate. These
results demonstrate the suitability of the chicken hydrolysate for
use in a protein hydrolysate food.
Cave NJ, Guilford WG, Roudebush P. In vivo assessment of
antigenicity of a protein hydrolysate and characterisation of a
major antigen in chicken (abstract), in Proceedings. Veterinary
Medical Forum (ACVIM), Seattle, Washington, 2000.
A chicken hydrolysate showed a 25-fold reduction in antigenicity
over the intact protein. Western blots of the intact proteins using
chicken-sensitized dog serum identified a strong immunogenic
band at 70kDA that was absent in the hydrolysate. It is
speculated that this major chicken protein antigen is chicken
serum albumin.
Cave NJ, Guilford WG. A method for in vitro evaluation of protein
hydrolysates for potential inclusion in veterinary diets. Res Vet Sci
2004;77:231-238.
A chicken-protein hydrolysate was subjected to high-performance
size-exclusion chromatography to characterize its molecular
weight profile. An inhibition ELISA assay was developed to assess
the residual antigenicity, using canine serum IgG produced by
dogs sensitized to the intact protein. Finally, the hydrolysate
was compared to the intact protein through electrophoresis
and immunoblotting. The chicken hydrolysate had a suitable
molecular weight profile with 96.9% reduced to less than 10kDa
peptides. The inhibition ELISA demonstrated a residual antigenic
mass of 1.5% compared with the intact protein. Immunoblotting
demonstrated a strong immunoreactive band at 68 to 70kDa
consistent with chicken serum albumin in the intact protein,
which was absent in the hydrolysate. Chicken hydrolysates are
acceptable for use in foods designed for dogs with suspected
adverse food reactions.
Crass K. An underweight Gordon setter with brittle claws. Vet Med
2004;99:511-514.
A 4-year-old female Gordon setter dog was examined because
of brittle claws of one years duration. Diagnostic evaluation
eventually confirmed a diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease
contributing to systemic dermatologic signs. Treatment with a
combination of antibiotics, corticosteroids and Hills

Prescription Diet
z/d
ULTRA Canine resulted in weight gain and

improved hair coat. Prescription Diet z/d ULTRA Canine can be
used successfully as part of the treatment regimen for dogs with
inflammatory bowel disease and concurrent skin lesions.
Ishida R, Masuda K, Kurata K, et al. Lymphocyte blastogenic
responses to inciting food allergens in dogs with food
hypersensitivity. J Vet Intern Med 2004;18:25-30.
Lymphocyte blastogenic responses against food allergens in
dogs with food hypersensitivity were evaluated in this study.
Eleven dogs with food hypersensitivity, based on food elimination
and oral food provocation tests and allergic responses to food
allergens, were examined by various tests such as intradermal
testing, antigen-specific IgE testing, and lymphocyte blastogenic
responses. The number and kinds of food allergens identified as
positive by these tests were compared with the offending foods
that were found in an oral food provocation test. In nine (82%) of
the 11 dogs with food hypersensitivity, there was close agreement
for positive allergens between the results of lymphocyte
blastogenic responses increased to 2.0-10.1 upon food
provocation; however, there was little agreement for intradermal
and IgE testing of the positive allergens with those of the oral
food provocation test (11% and 31%, respectively). In the nine
dogs, the stimulation indices of lymphocyte blastogenic responses
may fluctuate because of exposure to offending food allergens in
dogs with food hypersensitivity.
35
Jeffers JG, Shanley KJ, Meyer EK. Diagnostic testing of dogs for
food hypersensitivity. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1991;198:245-250.
Thirteen food-allergic dogs were studied to evaluate the efficacy
of feeding a commercial dry rice and egg food (Hills

Prescription Diet
d/d
Rice & Egg Formula Canine) and

intradermal skin testing and serologic testing by ELISA for
diagnosing and/or characterizing food hypersensitivity. Eleven
of 13 dogs (85%) tolerated the commercial dry rice and egg
therapeutic food without manifesting clinical signs of food allergy.
Skin testing and serologic testing by ELISA were not valuable in
diagnosing suspected food allergy.
Jergens AE, Miles KG. Endoscopy case of the month: chronic
postprandial vomiting in a dog. Vet Med 1994;89:754-760.
This case report describes a 4-year-old male golden retriever
evaluated for chronic vomiting of two years duration. Endoscopy
and biopsy diagnosed chronic gastritis with a secondary gastric
motility disorder. The patient was successfully managed with
Prescription Diet d/d Lamb Formula Canine therapeutic food,
metronidazole and metoclopramide. The medications were
discontinued after six weeks, but the moist lamb and rice food
was continued. The dog had been free of clinical signs for over
18 months.
Jewell DE, Yu S, Joshi DK. Effects of serum vitamin E levels
on skin vitamin E levels in dogs and cats. Vet Therapeutics
2002;3:235-243.
Because of its role as a barrier, the skin is uniquely challenged
by oxidants (i.e., free radicals), and lipophilic antioxidants such
as alpha-tocopherol (i.e., vitamin E) are expected to play a major
role in scavenging reactive oxygen species in the skin. Vitamin
E protects against UV-induced skin photodamage through a
combination of antioxidant and UV-absorptive properties. The
purpose of this study was to determine the effect of feeding
foods with varying amounts of vitamin E on serum and skin
concentrations of vitamin E in dogs and cats. Dogs and cats
were fed a low vitamin E food for three weeks before onset of
the study. Dogs and cats were then fed either a low or a high
vitamin E food for eight weeks. All animals were fed to maintain
current body weight and condition. Blood and skin samples for
vitamin E analysis were obtained at days -3, 14, 28 and 56 of
the study. There were no significant differences in serum vitamin
E concentrations for either species at the beginning of the study.
At each subsequent time point, serum concentrations of vitamin
E in dogs and cats fed high vitamin E foods were significantly
different from serum concentrations of dogs and cats fed low
vitamin E foods. There were no significant differences in skin
vitamin E concentrations between groups for either species at
the beginning of the study. At the end of the study, vitamin E
concentrations were significantly influenced by initial vitamin
E concentration, body surface area and final serum vitamin E
concentration. The results of this study revealed that increasing
vitamin E amounts in food significantly increased vitamin E
concentrations in serum and skin. Previous studies have shown
that increased vitamin E levels decrease serum levels of some
biomarkers associated with oxidative stress. This suggests that
increases in dietary vitamin E concentrations are likely to be
beneficial. However, the relationship between increases in
serum and skin vitamin E concentrations and the prevention,
development and treatment of specific skin diseases remains to
be elucidated by intervention studies.
Johnson LW. Food allergy in a dog: diagnosis by dietary
management. Mod Vet Pract 1987 (April): 236-239.
An adverse food reaction was diagnosed in a 22-month-old
Australian shepherd dog that had a history of pruritus since 2
months of age. Use of a commercial moist lamb and rice food
(Prescription Diet d/d Lamb Formula Canine) for three weeks
resulted in dramatic improvement. Severe pruritus returned
after two days exposure to the original food. The lamb and rice
food was reintroduced and the pruritus stopped. Novel-protein
moist foods can be used to successfully manage cutaneous
manifestations of adverse food reactions in dogs.
Knowles JO. Provocative exposure for the diagnosis and
treatment of certain canine allergies. J Am Vet Med Assoc
1966;149:1303-1306.
Four dogs with either chronic diarrhea, abdominal pain,
objectionable flatulence, chronic dermatitis or severe pruritus were
treated successfully by changing to a commercial moist lamb and
rice food (Prescription Diet d/d Lamb Formula Canine).
Loeffler A, Lloyd DH, Bond R, et al. Dietary trials with a
commercial chicken hydrolysate diet in 63 pruritic dogs. Vet Rec
2004;154:519-522.
This study reported a retrospective analysis of dietary elimination
trials with a chicken hydrolysate food in dogs examined at an
academic referral practice (Royal Veterinary College, United
Kingdom). The owners of 63 dogs were instructed to feed
Prescription Diet z/d ULTRA Canine Dry exclusively for at least
six weeks as part of diagnostic evaluation for non-seasonal
pruritus (59 dogs) or ear disease (four dogs). Ectoparasitism
and microbial infections were eliminated during the dietary
trial. Pruritus, skin lesions, gastrointestinal signs and defecation
frequency were assessed before starting the dietary trial, at
the end of feeding the elimination food for six weeks, and
after challenge with the original food. Adverse food reaction
was diagnosed if pruritus resolved during the food trial with
recurrence after dietary challenge.
Initial clinical signs involved the face, ventrum and paws in 29
dogs (46%); erythroderma was observed in seven dogs (11%);
perineal skin (anal pruritus) was involved in three dogs (5%); and
otitis externa was observed in 46 dogs (73%). Concurrent signs
of gastrointestinal involvement such as soft feces, intermittent
diarrhea, flatus or frequent defecation were noted in 29 dogs
(46%). Seventeen of the 63 dogs were withdrawn from the study
in the first two weeks, including eight for compliance failure (dogs
were not fed the elimination food exclusively) and four dogs who
would not eat the food. However, overall palatability was reported
by owners to be good or excellent in 48 dogs (76%). Overall, 30 of
36
46 dogs (65%) completing the feeding trial had improvements in
pruritus and clinical scores. Of these 30 dogs, 22 had improvement
in pruritus that recurred after challenge with their original food,
indicating that an adverse food reaction was involved in their
clinical condition. Adverse food reaction alone was diagnosed in
nine dogs (20%), atopic dermatitis was diagnosed in 17 dogs
(37%), and atopic dermatitis with concurrent adverse food reaction
was diagnosed in nine dogs (20%).
Concurrent signs of gastrointestinal disease were reported in six
dogs with adverse food reactions. These gastrointestinal signs
resolved in all cases and recurred in five dogs when challenged
with the original food. Average defecation frequency was higher
in dogs with adverse food reactions (3.1 times per day) than in
dogs without adverse food reactions (2.1 times per day). Overall,
19 of 21 dogs with concurrent signs of gastrointestinal disease had
complete resolution of their clinical signs during the dietary trial.
Prescription Diet z/d ULTRA Canine Dry is useful in the diagnosis of
adverse food reactions in dogs with non-seasonal pruritus when fed
exclusively at least six weeks.
Loeffler A, Soares-Magalhaes R, Bond R, et al. A retrospective
analysis of case series using home-prepared and chicken
hydrolysate diets in the diagnosis of adverse food reactions in
181 pruritic dogs. Vet Dermatol 2006;17:273-279.
The purpose of this retrospective study was to compare home-
prepared and chicken hydrolysate foods in the diagnosis of
canine adverse reactions to food (ARF). Seventy-two dogs were
fed home-prepared foods and 109 were fed a hydrolysate-based
food (Prescription Diet z/d ULTRA Canine Dry). Owners chose the
type of food at presentation, and ingredients of home-prepared
diets were selected depending on each dogs dietary history.
Ectoparasitic infestations and microbial infections were treated
during the trials. Cutaneous and gastrointestinal signs and
pruritus scores were recorded before starting the diet, six weeks
into the trials, and after provocation with the original foods. ARF
was diagnosed if pruritus resolved during the trial and recurred
on dietary provocation. The dropout rate was lower for home-
prepared foods, although not statistically significant (18.1%
home prepared; 24.7% hydrolysate, P = 0.377). ARF alone was
diagnosed in 10 dogs (17%) using home-prepared diets and in
15 (18.3%) fed the hydrolysate. Gastrointestinal problems were
more frequent in dogs with ARF than in dogs without ARF
(P = 0.001). Another 11 dogs (18.6%) in the home-prepared food
group and 20 (24.4%) in the hydrolysate diet group had ARF
concurrent with other pruritic diseases, mainly atopy. The similar
frequencies of ARF diagnosis in the two groups (P = 0.837 ARF;
P = 0.416 concurrent ARF) indicate that Prescription Diet z/d
ULTRA Canine may be a valuable alternative to home-prepared
foods in the diagnosis of canine ARF.
Madsen LM. A mysterious effusion. Vet Forum 2003;20:24-28.
A 3-year-old male Norwich terrier was evaluated for respiratory
distress and found to have pleural effusion associated with
hypoproteinemia and hypoalbuminemia. Diagnostic evaluation
showed evidence of protein-losing enteropathy due to
inflammatory bowel disease. The dog was successfully managed
with prednisone, metronidazole and Prescription Diet z/d ULTRA
Canine therapeutic food. This food can be used as an aid in
management of inflammatory bowel disease in dogs.
Nelson RW, Stookey LJ, Kazacos E. Nutritional management of
chronic colitis in the dog. J Vet Intern Med 1988;2:133-137.
Idiopathic chronic colitis was diagnosed in 13 dogs. A lymphocytic,
plasmacytic infiltration in the colonic lamina propria was found
on colonic biopsy specimens. Clinical signs resolved in all 13 dogs
after they were fed a homemade cottage cheese and rice food.
Long term management was successful in four dogs with use of
a commercial dry rice and egg food (Prescription Diet d/d Rice &
Egg Formula Canine).
Rosser EJ. Diagnosis of food allergy in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc
1993;203:259-262.
The diagnosis of food allergy was confirmed in 51 dogs. The
primary clinical sign of allergy detected and evaluated in all dogs
was persistent and nonseasonal pruritic skin disease. Clinical signs
of pruritus resolved in 25 of 29 dogs (86%) eating a commercial
canned lamb and rice food (Prescription Diet d/d Lamb Formula
Canine) and in six of nine dogs (67%) eating a commercial dry
rice and egg food (Prescription Diet d/d Rice & Egg Formula
Canine). It was also determined that elimination foods should be
fed for at least 10 weeks before a food allergy can be ruled out.
Roudebush P, Schick RO. Evaluation of a commercial canned lamb
and rice diet for the management of adverse reactions to food in
dogs. Vet Dermatol 1994;5:63-67.
A commercial canned lamb and rice food (Prescription Diet
d/d Lamb Formula Canine) was fed to 20 dogs with previously
diagnosed dermatologic problems due to adverse reactions to
food. Fifteen of the 20 dogs had concurrent atopic dermatitis and
flea allergy, which were being treated with hyposensitization and
aggressive flea control. Recurrence of previous dermatologic signs
did not occur in 15 of 20 dogs (75%) while they were fed the
moist lamb and rice food. A novel-protein moist therapeutic food
can be used to successfully manage cutaneous manifestations of
food allergy in dogs, including those dogs with concurrent atopic
or flea allergic dermatitis.
Roudebush P, Gross KG, Lowry SR. Protein characteristics of
commercial canine and feline hypoallergenic diets. Vet Dermatol
1995;5:69-74.
Eight feline, 13 moist canine and nine dry canine commercial pet
foods were compared for protein sources, protein quantity and
protein digestibility. Prescription Diet d/d Lamb Formula Canine
Canned and Prescription Diet d/d Rice & Egg Formula Canine Dry
had high or very high protein digestibility. Only commercial foods
with high or very high protein digestibility should be routinely
recommended for patients with adverse food reactions to
minimize antigen exposure.
37
Waisglass SE, Landsberg GM, Yager JA, et al. Underlying medical
conditions in cats with presumptive psychogenic alopecia. J Am
Vet Med Assoc 2006;228:1705-1709.
The objective of the study was to identify underlying medical
conditions in cats with a presumptive diagnosis of psychogenic
alopecia. The case series included 21 adult cats referred with
a presumptive diagnosis of psychogenic alopecia. A detailed
behavior and dermatologic questionnaire was completed by the
primary caregiver, and complete behavioral and dermatologic
examinations were performed. All cats included in the study
and all other cats in participating households were exclusively
fed Prescription Diet z/d Low Allergen Feline therapeutic food.
A standard diagnostic testing protocol that included cytologic
examination of skin scrapings, fungal culture of hairs, evaluation
of responses to parasiticides and an exclusion diet, assessment
for atopy and endocrinopathies, and histologic examination of
skin biopsy specimens was used to establish a definitive diagnosis
in all cats. Cats who did not respond to an elimination diet were
treated with methylprednisolone acetate to determine whether
pruritus was a factor. Medical causes of pruritus were identified
in 16 cats (76%). Only two cats (10%) were found to have
psychogenic alopecia alone, and an additional three cats (14%)
had a combination of psychogenic alopecia and a medical cause
of pruritus. An adverse food reaction was diagnosed in 12 cats
(57%) and was suspected in an additional two cats. All cats with
histologic evidence of inflammation in skin biopsy specimens were
determined to have a medical condition, but of six cats without
histologic abnormalities, four had an adverse food reaction, atopic
dermatitis, or a combination; only two cats had psychogenic
alopecia alone.
White SD. Food hypersensitivity in 30 dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc
1986;188:695-698.
Food hypersensitivity was diagnosed in 30 dogs. Pruritus,
erythema and papules were the most common clinical signs.
Diagnosis was based on resolution of clinical signs when the dogs
were fed an elimination diet and recurrence of signs when fed
their original food or other foods. None of the owners could relate
the onset of clinical signs with a recent change in diet. Eleven
of the 30 dogs were managed long-term on either homemade
or commercial moist lamb and rice foods. The other dogs were
managed successfully with a variety of other homemade or
commercial foods.
Yu S, Wedekind KJ, Kirk CA, et al. Primary hair growth in dogs
depends on dietary selenium concentrations. J Anim Physiol Anim
Nutr (Berl) 2006;90:146-151.
Selenium (Se) is an essential trace mineral and plays an
important role in hair growth. Selenium also has a vital role in
maintaining normal thyroid hormone and iodine metabolism,
particularly through the control of deiodinase enzymes that
regulate conversion of T
4
to T
3
. The objective of this study was
to determine safe lower and upper limits for dietary Se in adult
dogs. Thirty-six adult beagle dogs (mean age = 2.2 years) were
randomized to six treatment groups (six dogs per group). Dogs
were fed a low Se food (0.04 mg Se/kg food) for three weeks
and were then fed one of six dietary levels of selenomethionine
for six months (0, 0.5, 0.10, 0.50, 1.0 and 5.0 mg Se/kg food,
dry matter). Response variables measured included serum Se
concentrations, Se-dependent glutathione peroxidase (GSHpx)
activity in serum and RBC, complete thyroid hormone profile,
complete blood count, serum biochemistry profile, and hair
growth rate. No significant changes in body weight, complete
blood count, serum biochemistry profiles or clinical appearance
were observed. All thyroid hormone levels were within normal
ranges. Breakpoints (lower limits) were similar for the various
Se markers yielding a recommendation of 0.13 mg Se/kg food
(serum Se = 0.11, serum GSHpx = 0.08 and RBC GSHpx =
0.13). Hair growth responded in a quadratic fashion (i.e., bell-
shaped curve) with significantly decreased hair growth at Se
concentrations of five and below 0.1 mg Se/kg food. These
results suggest a lower limit of 0.13 mg Se/kg food for adult
dogs. Correcting for low bioavailability of Se in pet foods (30%),
commercial adult dog foods should contain at least 0.43 mg
Se/kg food. Five mg Se/kg food appears to be excessive. Optimal
hair growth and antioxidant protection occur in adult dogs when
dietary selenium levels are adequate but not excessive.
38
Frequently asked questions
Q: What are the most common food ingredients or
food allergens causing adverse reactions in dogs
and cats?
A: The most common foods or ingredients causing adverse
reactions are beef, dairy products or wheat in dogs, and beef,
dairy products or fish in cats. There have been few studies
documenting specific allergens in food that cause adverse
reactions in pets. Studies to date have identified bovine IgG
(beef, cows milk), ovine IgG (lamb), chicken serum albumin
(chicken) and phosphoglucomutase (beef, lamb) as specific
food allergens in dogs. No specific food allergens have been
identified in cats.
Q: What is known about allergic cross reactivity of
ingredients in pet foods?
A: Only a few studies have been completed on cross reactivity
of food ingredients in pets with adverse food reactions. In
these studies, dogs allergic to soy were not more likely to
react to wheat, and dogs allergic to beef were not more
likely to react to cows milk. However, based on identification
of specific allergens noted above, cross reactivity between
beef and lamb may be common in dogs. In human beings,
cross reactivity is common for fish, avian meat, milk, egg
proteins and invertebrates (mites, insects). It is unknown if
such cross reactivity occurs in pet animals as well. In vitro
cross reactivity with venison has been reported in beef-
allergic human beings, but it is not known if this is clinically
important (Ayuso, et al. Allergy 2000). No similar studies
have been conducted in pet animals.
Q: What are the sources of ingredients used in the
Hills
hydrolysate and novel protein foods?

A: Lamb (wet food): lamb and lamb liver from U.S.,
New Zealand and Australian sources
Salmon (wet, dry foods): salmon and salmon meal from
U.S. source
Venison (wet, dry foods): venison and venison meal
from New Zealand source
Duck (wet, dry foods): duck from U.S. source and duck
meal from European source
Rabbit (wet, dry foods): rabbit and rabbit meal from
European source
Chicken hydrolysate (wet, dry foods): chicken liver and
chicken heart are used as the starting ingredients for the
chicken hydrolysate in both feline and canine formulas
Q: several of the formulas contain pork fat. Why is
this fat source used, and could it lead to allergic
reactions in my patients?
A: Pork fat is highly palatable and helps deliver appropriate fatty
acid levels when combined with other fat sources. There are no
data in the veterinary literature to show that allergic reactions
to fat sources or oils occur. Hills has conducted extensive testing
on the new Hills
Prescription Diet
d/d
formulas containing
pork fat and has found no evidence of pork protein in any
finished products. Testing for pork allergens cannot be conducted
because no specific pork allergen has been identified in people
or animals (www.allergen.org).
Q: What is the target urine pH of the Hills

Prescription Diet
d/d
and z/d
formulas for cats?

A: Cats consuming Prescription Diet d/d and z/d formulas
typically produce urine with a pH of 6.2 to 6.4. This urine pH
range helps prevent struvite crystal and urolith formation,
and is considered oxalate-safe since urine pH is not a
major factor in calcium oxalate stone formation.
Q: Can Hills
Science Diet
Sensitive Skin and

Prescription Diet d/d and z/d formulas be fed long-term?
A: All these formulas have undergone feeding tests using
AAFCO procedures to substantiate that they provide
adequate nutrition for maintenance of adult dogs and cats.
Q: Why is it important to have both wet and dry
formulas available?
A: Research with dog and cat owners has shown that a large
number of them prefer to feed both moist and dry foods to
their pets. In fact, more than 40% of pet owners prefer to
feed both moist and dry food to their dogs, and two-thirds
of pet owners prefer to feed both moist and dry food to their
cats. This emphasizes the importance of asking pet owners
what forms of food they prefer to feed. Best compliance will
occur when you make specific recommendations for moist
food, dry food and treats for an individual animal.
Q: What carbohydrate sources are used in the
Prescription Diet d/d and z/d formulas?
A: Carbohydrate sources include potato (venison, duck, salmon
varieties) or rice (lamb, egg varieties) in the canine novel
protein formulas and green pea (venison, duck, rabbit
varieties) in the feline novel protein formulas. Carbohydrate
sources in the hydrolysate-based foods include starch
(z/d ULTRA formulas), potato (canine dry) or rice (feline dry).
Q: Can the moist formulas of Prescription Diet z/d
therapeutic foods be used with the dry formulas?
A: Prescription Diet z/d therapeutic foods are available as canine
and feline moist and dry formulas. All formulas provide
complete and balanced nutrition for maintenance of adult
animals. Moist forms can be fed as the sole source of food
or, more commonly, mixed with the dry Prescription Diet z/d
formulas. For dogs with suspected or confirmed adverse food
reactions, Prescription Diet z/d Canine Canned can be fed
with either Prescription Diet z/d ULTRA Allergen-Free Canine
or Prescription Diet z/d Low Allergen Canine Dry formulas.
For cats, Prescription Diet z/d Feline Canned can be fed with
Prescription Diet z/d Feline Low Allergen Dry formula.
Q: What antioxidants have been added or enhanced in
the Hills formulas?
A: Hills has conducted extensive research on use of antioxidants
in foods for healthy dogs and cats and those with various
disease conditions. Levels of vitamin E, vitamin C, beta-
carotene and selenium are enhanced in all our therapeutic
products to help counteract oxidative stress associated with
skin disease and other conditions.
39
Q: Can fatty acid supplementation be used in conjunction
with food for managing pets with skin conditions?
A: Fatty acid intake is usually much higher with specific
therapeutic foods than by adding fatty acid supplements to
the food already being consumed by the pet. See the
accompanying material for more detailed information on
fatty acids.
Q: What food is best to use for pets with food allergy
and other concurrent disease conditions such as
lower urinary tract disease, chronic kidney disease
or pancreatitis?
A: You can get specific recommendations as well as product
information and case management assistance from Hills
Veterinary Consultation Service (VCS). VCS is a group of 15
veterinarians and veterinary technicians who offer free case
consultations. They have more than 150 years of combined
veterinary and pet food industry experience. VCS clinicians
and technicians handle more than 285 phone calls per day
and can readily assist you in determining the best food for
an animal with multiple disease conditions. Contact VCS by
phone (1-800-548-VETS), fax (1-800-548-VFAX) or e-mail
(vet_consult@HillsPet.com).
P-9208

Hills
Prescription Diet
d/d

Hills
Prescription Diet
z/d

Hills
Science Diet
Sensitive Skin
sensitive skin
and coat
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P9208 EBCN Derm Specialists

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P-9208

Veterinary Consultation Service

ULTRA Allergen-Free Canine.

Low Allergen Canine.

Canine provides complete

ULTRA Allergen-Free Canine.

Low Allergen Canine.

Canine provides complete

ULTRA Allergen-Free Canine

Low Allergen Canine

ULTRA Allergen-Free Canine (canned).

Low Allergen Canine

ULTRA Allergen-Free Feline and

Feline provides complete

ULTRA Allergen-Free Feline

Low Allergen Feline

Low Allergen Feline

Sensitive Skin Adult Canine

Canine or Prescription Diet

Sensitive Skin Adult Canine dry

Sensitive Skin Adult Feline

Feline or Prescription Diet

Sensitive Skin Adult Feline dry

Lamb Formula Canine Canned 451 3,972 1,488

Potato & Duck Formula Canine Dry 161 4,854 1,164

Duck Formula Canine Canned 624 4,932 1,248

Potato & Salmon Formula Canine Dry 162 4,206 2,100

Salmon Formula Canine Canned 613 5,148 4,350

Potato & Venison Formula Canine Dry 161 4,932 1,146

Venison Formula Canine Canned 550 4,950 1,098

Rice & Egg Formula Canine Dry 154 4,692 990

Canine Canned 380 2,772 8,088

ULTRA Allergen-Free Canine Canned 617 6,102 738

Canine Low Allergen Dry 163 4,812 618

ULTRA Allergen-Free Canine Dry 161 6,222 804

Canine/Feline Canned 521 6,882 3,126

Canine Dry 165 4,884 1,548

Canine Canned 446 4,104 6,066

Canine Dry 176 4,032 5,688

Adult Original Canine Dry 162 5,310 726

Active Adult Canine Dry 130 5,976 678

Advanced Protection Adult Canine Dry 158 4,554 1,410

Senior 7+ Original Canine Dry 163 4,590 1,710

Advanced Protection Senior 7+ Canine Dry 163 5,640 1,974

Light Adult Canine Dry 200 5,988 618

Sensitive Skin Canine Dry 158 7,392 2,166

Adult Maintenance Formula, dry 139 4,800 600

Reduced Fat Adult Formula, dry 155 3,600 600

Senior Maintenance Formula, dry 142 3,600 600

Senior Plus, dry 142 4,200 600

FP, dry 147 1,600 400

FP, moist 475 9,600 1,200

Limited Ingredient Diets

Potato & Duck Canine Formula, dry 175 2,940 1,020

Limited Ingredient Diets

Potato & Rabbit Canine Formula, dry 177 3,120 1,380

Limited Ingredient Diets

Whitefish Canine Formula, moist 522 6,600 3,300

Limited Ingredient Diets

Duck Canine Formula, moist 536 5,340 720

Skin Support SS21,

dry 153 4,884 1,758

dry 143 7,158 1,158