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International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS)

Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org, editorijettcs@gmail.com


Volume 3, Issue 3, May-June 2014 ISSN 2278-6856

Volume 3, Issue 3 May June 2014 Page 275


Abstract: Now a day, Web-based collaborations have
become a key technology for a business. Such technology
spans the interactions between people and services across the
world. Service oriented system provides the services to help
the various business processes. But it is limited to provide
flexible interaction model required for developing business.
For a successful business, human must be the part of the
system. The environment in which human take a part to solve
a problem is referred as mixed service oriented system and
services provided by people are referred as Human provided
services (HPS).In this environment, people offer their skills
and capabilities as services over the web. This human
participation provides the required flexible interaction model
for business. Moreover to get the best service from mixed
service oriented system, discovery of right actor is the biggest
challenge. For this purpose, an algorithm ExpertHITs which
supports the dynamic trust in collaborative network has been
studied. Trust defines the behavior of human in mixed service
oriented system. The concept is inspired by the concept of hub
and authorities in web based environments. This paper
focuses on a study of the importance of human and his
behavior in service oriented system.

Keywords: Mixed service oriented system, human
provided services, trust, Hub and authority

1. INTRODUCTION
Adopting web based collaboration can put organizations
in a better position to address constraints and
opportunities. Web services and SOA technologies
provide the key to successful business process. SOA acts
as a collection of services in which each service is a self
contained unit of functionality. SOA facilitates the
communication among them via either simple data
passing or it could involve two or more services
coordinating some activity, requiring means of
connecting services to each other. But it has been realized
that SOA is limited to provide a dynamic interaction
model which is required for every developing business.
For a success, human must be the part of the system.
Participation of human in SOA provides the better
solutions over the problem.
Thus the environment in which human can take a part to
provide a service is referred as mixed service oriented
system. In this system people can offer their skills and
capabilities as services over the web. These human
provided services (HPS) enable flexible interactions in
service oriented system. Moreover to get the best service,
it is necessary to discover best or right actor from a
system. For this purpose, study of the behavior of human
in the system becomes essential. Dynamic trust affects
the human interaction within a system. This paper
focuses study on the importance of human and his
behavior in mixed service oriented system.

2. MOTIVATING SCENARIO
Consider the simple task that is to produce a software
module. The required process model is presented in figure
2.1

Figure 2.1 Process Model [1]

First task is common requirement analysis. Finishing the
requirement analysis reusability of existing work carried
out. Then architecture can design the framework. The
implementation task is carried out by a software
Developer and at the end software testers evaluate the
prototype implementation. However in developing
business, requirements are frequently changes. To adopt
the changes business requires the flexible interaction
model. But this existing process model does not support
the flexibility concept. To get the flexible interaction
model we go for mixed service oriented system where
people offer their skills and capabilities as services
commonly referred as Human Provided services.

3.EXPERT WEB
To overcome from the drawbacks of traditional process
model we go for the Expert Web. Expert web supports the
concept of distributed collaboration. It is an online
platform consisting of connected experts. Every Expert
acts as a member of web and provides the help and
support services. A member of the Expert Web may
receive an Request For Support(RFS) and delegate work
to some other member in the network (characterizing
hubs in the network).Receivers of the delegated work,
however, expect RFSs fitting their skills and expertise
(i.e., being an authority in the given domain). Careless
delegations of work will overload these peers resulting in
Study on Human Behavior in Mixed Service
Oriented System

Ms.Ashwini Mone
1
, Mr.Hari K.Chavan
2


1.2
Department

of Information Technology,
Terna Engineering College,Nerul,Navi Mumbai

International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS)
Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org, editorijettcs@gmail.com
Volume 3, Issue 3, May-June 2014 ISSN 2278-6856

Volume 3, Issue 3 May June 2014 Page 276


degraded processing time due to missing expertise. For
this, within the Expert Web, authorities give feedback to
hub using rating mechanism (e.g., a number on the scale
from 1 to 5) to indicate their satisfactionwhether a
particular hub distributes work according to their skills
and interest. Thus, participation of experts provides the
better services than only software based services.

4. EXPERTISE MODEL
In this section we will present the discovery of Expert
from expert web. For a given query context, who is the
Expert i) satisfying the demanded skills and ii) how well
that member is connected to other members in Web.
Interactions between the members of Expert web mainly
depend on trust factor.
4.1 Trust
Trust in the expert web reflect the expectation of one
expert has about anothers future behavior to perform
delegated RFSs dependably, securely, and reliably based
on experiences collected from previous interactions[1]-
[3].Means after the arrival of RFS, member can either
process the RFS or delegate the RFS. Delegation of RFS
mainly depends on trust factor. Member can delegate the
RFS only to the member who is competent and
trustworthy.
4.2 Hub and Authority
Hub and authority is the concept of web application. A
good hub is a page that pointed to many other pages and
good authority is a page that was linked by many other
different hubs. Same concept is utilized in Expert web[6].
When a member of Expert web delegates the RFS to other
member, sender member acts as a hub while receiver
member acts as an authority. After receiving the RFS,
receiver member checks that the arrival RFS is fitted with
his skills and expertise area. Depends on this, Receiver
gives the feedback using rating mechanism to indicate
their satisfaction whether a particular hub distributes
work according to their skill and interest. Thus for each
member of Expert web, we calculate the hub score and
authority score. The member who has highest score can
act as Expert in that domain. Thus, a good hub is
characterized by a neighborhood of peers that are satisfied
with received RFS while delegation of RFS is strongly
influenced by trust.
The algorithm can be explained as follows-
Input : For a given query context Q to discover expert
hubs
Output : Ranked experts in a given query context Q
1) Find members of Expert web matching demanded set
of skills.
2) For each member
a) Calculate hub score in Q.
b) Calculate authority score in Q.
3) Rank members by hub score.

4.3 ExpertHITs model
To get the best service from right member of Web
ExpertHITs algorithm is utilized. Algorithm supports all
the concepts like dynamic trust, hub and authority[1]-[3].
Algorithm consisting of two components 1) hub score H
(u; Q) of user u in query context Q and 2) authority score
A (v ; Q) of user v in the same query context Q.

(1)

(2)

H (u; Q): Hubs are identified based on the demanded
expertise, knows relations connecting u to other experts
and feedback ratings received from prior delegations.

A (v; Q): Authority score of user v. Authorities are skilled
users (experts) that are connected to influential hubs.
Authority means that users process RFSs received from
hubs in a reliable, trustworthy manner.

W
Q
uv
: Trust influences the delegation behavior of hubs by
selecting authorities based the success of interactions.

W
Q
vu
: Denotes the connection strength of an authority v
to hub u. The weight can be calculated using information
from ratings given by v to RFSs received from u[1].

5. PERFORMANCE EVALUATION
The above Expertise model provides the required dynamic
and context-based interactions model [2]. It involves the
interaction between peoples who are expertise in given
query context. Model provides the run time adaption with
following aspects-
i)Discovery of Network Members and Resources-In many
networks, for example social networks, the discovery and
selection process relies on matching of user profiles and
resource features that are mainly static. In contrast,
utilizing periodically updated trust relations better
accounts for varying user preferences and avoids lookup
based on stale information.
ii)Access to and Sharing of Information-Traditional
approaches to access rights management are based on
manually assigned static user roles. However, the user is
often not able to keep track of configurations in complex
networks such as dynamically changing roles.
iii)Coordination and Compositions-Especially in flexible
environments, compositions of humans and services
cannot only rely on static structures, but have to be
flexibly adapted based on their run-time behavior.
iv) Interaction Policies and Patterns-In common
enterprise networks, policies and interaction patterns
describe and restrict communication paths between
network members. Therefore, periodic adaptation upon
ongoing collaborations enables optimizations according to
the outcome of interactions.

6. CONCLUSION
Emerging service-oriented platforms no longer operate in
closed enterprises. An increasing trend can be observed
International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS)
Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org, editorijettcs@gmail.com
Volume 3, Issue 3, May-June 2014 ISSN 2278-6856

Volume 3, Issue 3 May June 2014 Page 277


towards temporary alliances between companies requiring
composition models to control and automate interactions
between services. The resulting service-oriented
application needs to be flexible supporting adaptive
interactions. Mixed service oriented system provides the
adaptive interaction model. People can offer their skills
and capabilities as services on demand. This model is
based on dynamic trust concept. By delegating the RFSs
to trusted members load balancing and scalability goals of
business are achieved.

References

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Dustdar, Expert Discovery and Interactions in
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