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MUHAMMAD MUDASSAR Page 1

Final Molasses Analysis


Experiment # 01
Objective of Experiment;
To find out the Brix% of Final Molasses.
Apparatus;
Weighing Balance, Hydrometer, Measuring Cylinder
Theory;
A hydrometer is a scientific instrument used to measure both the specific gravity and the density of a
liquid, based on Archimedes principle of buoyancy. It is composed of a sealed glass bulb with a long
skinny tube connected to one end, and it is weighted with mercury or lead shot under the bulb so it can
float upright. The tube portion is labeled with a scale so when it is placed in a liquid, the measured
specific gravity can be seen. The instrument is typically calibrated for use with liquid at a certain
temperature, and the scale on it can vary depending on its intended use.
Archimedes principle of buoyancy states that an object floating in liquid is lifted up by a force equal to
the weight of the liquid being displaced by the object. This means that the lower the density, the more the
hydrometer will sink in the liquid sample. On the other hand, with higher density, there is greater force
that will lift the bulb higher in the liquid.

Procedure;
1) Make 10% dilute solution of final molasses by taking 100g final molasses and 900g water.
2) Mix it thoroughly.
3) Pour the solution into 500ml cylinder up to the mark.
4) Dip the hydrometer into solution.
5) Let the cylinder to stand for at least 2 minutes, so that heavier particles get settled and entrained air is
removed
6) Blow away the forth and solid particles floating at the surface of the liquid while lowering the
hydrometer spindle.
7) Let the hydrometer spindle to settle until it floats freely.
8) Taking care that the hydrometer spindle does not touch the sides or bottom of the cylinder.
9) Let the hydrometer spindle float for 3 minutes.
10) Note the reading where liquid surface intersects the scale along with temperature of liquid.
Observation & Calculation;
Reading from hydrometer is
Observed Brix = 8.3

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Temperature = 29
o
C
We consider brix at 20
o
C, so if temperature is above or below from 20
o
C then we add or subtract
correction factor in observed brix.
So at temperature 29
o
C, correction factor is 0.56. Because temperature is above 20
o
C, so we add
correction factor in observe reading.



Our solution is 10% dilute so we multiply actual brix with 10.



Experiment # 02
Objective of Experiment;
To find out the Pol% of Final Molasses.
Apparatus;
Weighing Balance, polarimeter, Measuring Cylinder
Procedure;
1) Make 10% dilute solution of final molasses by taking 100g final molasses and 900g water.
2) Mix it thoroughly.
3) Transfer about 120 ml of solution to wide mouth glass bottle.
4) Add 4-5 g of dry lead sub acetate.
5) Shake it well.
6) Filter the solution with the help of filter paper.
7) Discard the first 25 ml of filtrate.
8) Rinse a 200 mm observation pol tube with portion of the solution, fill and place in the polarimeter
for reading.
9) Note the polarimeter reading.
Observation & Calculation;
Reading from polarimeter is

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After calculation

Our solution is 10% dilute so,






Purity of Final Molasses




Experiment # 03
Objective of Experiment;
To find out the Reducing Sugar of Final Molasses.
Apparatus;
Weighing Balance, Hot Plate, Pipette, Burette
Procedure;
1) First of all weight accurately 4 g of final molasses.
2) Transfer to 250ml flask with some hot water.
3) Cool to room temperature by placing it in a cold water bath or streaming of running water make up
the volume.

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4) Warm the contents of the flask to 40
o
C in a hot water bath.
5) Add 1g of potassium oxalate to precipitate the calcium from the solution.
6) Filter discarding first 25 ml of filtrate.
7) Pipette 50 ml of filtrate into a 100 ml flask dilute to volume and mix it.
8) Prepare Fehlings solution by adding 5 ml Fehling solution A and 5 ml Fehling solution B in
Erlenmeyer flask.
9) Pour some distile water into Fehling solution.
10) Add four drops of methylene blue indicator.
11) Heat it for 10 minutes and add filtrate into it until its blue color change into Bricks Red color.
12) Total ml of filtrate use to convert blue color into Bricks Red color is our reading.
Observation & Calculation;

From table 13 (UNIFORM METHOD OF CHEMICAL CONTROL) under 0.5 g sucrose / 100 ml.




Experiment # 04
Objective of Experiment;
To find out the Reducing Sugar of Final Molasses.
Apparatus;
Weighing Balance, Hot Plate, Pipette, Burette
Procedure;
1) First of all weight accurately 4 g of final molasses.
2) Transfer to 250ml flask with some hot water.
3) Cool to room temperature by placing it in a cold water bath or streaming of running water make up
the volume.
4) Warm the contents of the flask to 40
o
C in a hot water bath.

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5) Add 1g of potassium oxalate to precipitate the calcium from the solution.
6) Pipette 50 ml of filtrate into a 200 ml volumetric flask.
7) Add 10 ml of 24.85% brix (6.34 N) hydrochloric flask.
8) Insert a thermometer and heat the flask and contents to 60
o
C in a water bath.
9) Agitate the flask during the initial 3 minutes of heating.
10) After total heating time of 10 minutes remove the flask and cool in a water bath to room temperature.
11) Dilute the solution to about 175 ml.
12) Add one drop of phenolphthalein in indicator and neutralize with 4N sodium hydroxide to the first
darkening of the solution.
13) Make up the volume i.e 200 ml.
14) Titrate against 10 ml of mixed Fehlings solution using methylene blue indicator.
Observation & Calculation;

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