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So 1 .. 2 .. 3 .. let’s go .. ;D
Sup. belly
of
omohyioid
Sternoclido
Inf. belly of mastoid M.
omohyioid
M.
Lymph node anatomy:
Lymph nodes are divided into two groups:
1) Circular: which also divided into two subgroups:
A- Outer: which includes: submental,
submandibular,facial, postauricular (mastoid),
parotid (preauricular), occipital.
B- Inner: which includes: retropharyngeal,
pretracheal, paratrachyeal.
1) Cervical: which includes: superficial cervical, deep
cervical, jugulodigastric, jugulo-omohyoid.
Important notes:
• If a node is palpable, then u should record the:
1) Site.
2) Size.
3) Texture: soft-infective, rubbery hard-possible
hodgkin’s , stony hard-secondary carcinoma.
4) Tenderness to palpation-infection.
5) Fixation to surrounding tissue-may suggest metastatic
tumor.
6) Coalescence-TB.
7) Number of nodes: multiple-glandular fever or leukemia.
To make life easy, remember this: SSTTFCN, or 2S2TFCN.
• Palpable node charactistics:
1) Acute infection: large, soft, painful, mobile, discrete,
rapid onset.
2) Chronic infection: large, firm, less tender, mobile.
3) Lymphoma: rubbery hard, matted, painless, multiple.
4) Metastatic cancer: stony hard, fixed to underlying
tissue,painless.
It may be caused by :-
1. Infection :
The signs of infection are redness , hotness & pain
.
When you see the area is red , warm & painful the
more suggestive cause is inflammation or infection,
but if it was covered by normal skin it’s not likely to
be an infection .
A.Bacterial :
– Face , mouth . - tonsils , nose ,
sinuses .
– Scalp . - tuberculosis .
– Syphilis . - cat scratch disease
.
– Brucellosis . - lyme disease .
Toxoplasmosis .
** dental source of infection **
**ludwige’s angina: an
infection involving the submandibular,submental
& sublingual spaces bilaterally . it can endanger the
patency of the air ways & considered as a medical
emergency & life threatening .**
2 . unknown :
Some times it’s not possible to know the cause , such
as in Mucotaneous lymph nodes syndrome ( kawasaki’s
disease ) why it’s causing lymph node enlargement is
not exactly known .
Now we gonna copy paste from the handouts coz the dr.
didn’t explain the rest .. sorry
3. Thyroid :-
Thyroid gland
Thyroid gland enlargement : Hashimota’s disease
Goiter
Tumor
4. Tumors :-
Lipoma sternomastoid
tumor
Carotid body tumor branchial carcinoma
Neurofibromas
5. Others :-
Aneurysm : e.g. common carotid & subclavian
Cervical rib
Pharyngeal pouch
The End ..
Done by :
Jumana Shamsah
&
Jumana Hassan
And Now to the most important part of the lec. Which is
الهــــــداءات
حبيبي ورفيقي ابراهــيم حسـن ..وصديقتي الغالـيه نـداء نصـار مبروكـ التخرج والخطبـه
..
A1
محمـد شعبـان "الخييير كله" ..أميـن مدلج "صديقي الصدوق" ..باسل رزق "انت اللي
فاهمني" ..همام حروب "بلش تسرق القلم" ..عبدالله القحطاني وأحمدوو الجهني "وين
الجرين ستك " ..طلل "سلمه" ..عبدالرحمن "دحــوم" ..الحاج عمـار ..مروه ال
صفوان ..نور الرحمون ..محمد رمضان ..ابراهيم عواوده
منورييييين دايمـــا
ربى ابوريمه "احلى بنوته" ..اياس "ياااا الله ما اكذبك" ..عبدالله عوضي "يسلموو
" ..كثييير" ..شهد "نسمة هوا
" ..رونزيتا "الليدي" ..شيرين "وأتقـلب" ..محسن المحروقي ..ايمان "بل راس
امل العمري "احلى شال" ..مجد الصيدلي "أحلى رووح" ..لؤي قزقز"دي جي ريمكس
الرحالة الصغير" ..ميمنه الرشدان وأسيل ..ابو الوليــد ..صــالح اليافعي" بون وي" ..
علي الثالث ..عمــاد ..أدهم ..رشيدان "ولتزعل لك احلى فطور" ..
معاذ ابو هديه ..تيــنا ..ميسـم ..ليث ..اسماء ..لمياء وفاطمه عليان ..نور كريشان ..
..اسراء شطاره "أحسن بارتنر" ..فاطمه أسعد ..نعيــم ..نور حمدان ..أمين محاجنه