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26
th
JUNE -23
rd
JULY
2013

SUBMITTED BY:

Abhishek Singh
B.Tech 2
nd
year
System Science
Indian Institute of Technology,
Jodhpur


Summer Internship Report
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INDEX

Page no;
1. Acknowledgements 4
2. Abstract 5
3. About the company 6
3.1. Evolution of NTPC 9
3.2. NTPC group 10
3.3. Installed Capacity 11
3.4. NTPC Strategies 14
4. NTPC Faridabad 17
4.1. Introduction
5. Automation and Control System 19
5.1. Control and Monitoring Mechanisms 23
5.2. Pressure Control 24
5.3. Temperature Control 27
5.4. Flow Control 29
5.5. Control Valves 31
6. Maintenance and Planning department 33
7. Operations (Mechanical) 34
7.1. Gas turbine 34
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7.2. Air intake system 36
7.3. Schematic & line diagram of power plant 37
7.4. Steam turbine 39
7.5. Heat Recovery Steam Generator(HRSG) 41
8. Operations (Electrical) 43
8.1. Classification of electrical system 44
9. Details of gas turbine generator 45
10. Details of steam turbine generator 46
11. Transmission details 47
12. Conclusions 49
13. References 50

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS



I would like to thank the management of NTPC for their
support during the duration of my training in the organisation.
I would also like to thank the employees at NTPC for their
invaluable support and guidance without which this project
(internship) couldnt have been completed successfully. I
would also like to thank my professors for their whole hearted
motivation and guidance which has gone a long way in the
success of this project.











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ABSTRACT




This report contains the details of findings and observations
during the course of training/internship at NTPC-Faridabad.
This also contains the details of the plant with an insight into
its working and maintenance. Every effort has been made to
present this report in a factual and in a precise manner.
This report contains the working and the role of the various
departments like the Mechanical, electrical and Control &
Instrumentation which work 24x7 in order to make the plant
work in an efficient and safe manner.









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ABOUT THE COMPANY

Corporate Vision:
A world class integrated power major, powering Indias growth, with increasing
global presence

Core Values:

B-Business Ethics
C-Customer Focus
O-Organizational & Professional pride
M-Mutual Respect and Trust
I- Innovation & Speed
T-Total quality for Excellence

NTPC Limited is the largest thermal power generating company of India. A public
sector company, it was incorporated in the year 1975 to accelerate power
development in the country as a wholly owned company of the Government of India.
At present, Government of India holds 89.5% of the total equity shares of the
company and the balance 10.5% is held by FIIs, Domestic Banks, Public and others.
Within a span of 31 years, NTPC has emerged as a truly national power company,
with power generating facilities in all the major regions of the country.
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NTPCs core business is engineering, construction and operation of power
generating plants. It also provides consultancy in the area of power plant
constructions and power generation to companies in India and abroad. As on date
the installed capacity of NTPC is 27,904 MW through its 15 coal based (22,895
MW), 7 gas based (3,955 MW) and 4 Joint Venture Projects (1,054 MW). NTPC
acquired 50% equity of the SAIL Power Supply Corporation Ltd. (SPSCL). This JV
company operates the captive power plants of Durgapur (120 MW), Rourkela (120
MW) and Bhilai (74 MW). NTPC also has 28.33% stake in Ratnagiri Gas & Power
Private Limited (RGPPL) a joint venture company between NTPC, GAIL, Indian
Financial Institutions and Maharashtra SEB Holding Co. Ltd.


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NTPCs share on 31 Mar 2007 in the total installed capacity of the country was
20.18% and it contributed 28.50% of the total power generation of the country
during 2006-07.





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EVOLUTION OF NTPC

NTPC was set up in 1975 with 100% ownership by the
Government of India. In the last 30 years, NTPC has
grown into the largest power utility in India.

In 1997, Government of India granted NTPC status of
Navratna being one of the nine jewels of India, enhancing
the powers to the Board of Directors.

NTPC became a listed company with majority Government
ownership of 89.5%.
NTPC becomes third largest by Market Capitalisation of
listed companies

The company rechristened as NTPC Limited in line with its
changing business portfolio and transform itself from a
thermal power utility to an integrated power utility.

NTPC is the largest power utility in India, accounting for about
20% of Indias installed capacity.

1975
1997
2005
2004
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NTPC GROUP


NTPC Limited

Subsidiaries









Joint Ventures













NTPC Vidyut Vyapar
Nigam Limited
100%
NTPC Electric Supply
Co. Limited
100%
Pipavav Power
Development Co. Ltd
100%
NTPC Hydro
Limited
100%
Utility Powertech
Limited
50%
NTPC Alstom Power
Services Pvt. Limited
50%
Bhilai Electric Supply
Co. Pvt. Limited
50%
NTPC-SAIL Power
Company Pvt. Limited
50%
NTPC-SAIL Power
Company Pvt. Limited
50
Ratnagiri Gas &
Power Private Ltd
28.33%
PTC India Limited
8%
NTPC Tamilnadu
Energy Co. Limited
50%
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INSTALLED CAPACITY
AN OVERVIEW
Projects No. of Projects
Commissioned Capacity
(MW)
NTPC OWNED
COAL 15 22,895
GAS/LIQ. FUEL 07 3,955
TOTAL 22 26,850
OWNED BY JVCs
Coal 3 314*
Gas/LIQ. FUEL 1 740**
GRAND TOTAL 26 27,904
* Captive Power Plant under JVs with SAIL
** Power Plant under JV with GAIL, FIs & MSEB

PROJECT PROFILE
Coal Based Power Stations
Coal based State
Commissioned
Capacity
(MW)
1. Singrauli Uttar Pradesh 2,000
2. Korba Chattisgarh 2,100
3. Ramagundam Andhra Pradesh 2,600
4. Farakka West Bengal 1,600
5. Vindhyachal Madhya Pradesh 3,260
6. Rihand Uttar Pradesh 2,000
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7. Kahalgaon Bihar 1,340
8. NTCPP Uttar Pradesh 840
9. Talcher Kaniha Orissa 3,000
10. Unchahar Uttar Pradesh 1,050
11. Talcher Thermal Orissa 460
12. Simhadri Andhra Pradesh 1,000
13. Tanda Uttar Pradesh 440
14. Badarpur Delhi 705
15. Sipat Chattisgarh 500
Total (Coal) 22,895
Gas/Liq. Fuel Based Power Stations
Gas based State
Commissioned
Capacity
(MW)
16. Anta Rajasthan 413
17. Auraiya Uttar Pradesh 652
18. Kawas Gujarat 645
19. Dadri Uttar Pradesh 817
20. Jhanor-Gandhar Gujarat 648
21.
Rajiv Gandhi CCPP
Kayamkulam
Kerala 350
22. Faridabad Haryana 430
Total (Gas) 3,955

Power Plants with Joint Ventures
Coal Based State Fuel
Commissioned
Capacity
(MW)
23. Durgapur West Bengal Coal 120
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24. Rourkela Orissa Coal 120
25. Bhilai Chhattisgarh Coal 74
26. RGPPL Maharastra Naptha/LNG 740
Total(JV) 1054
Grand Total (Coal + Gas + JV) 27,904

Projects Under Implementation

Coal / Hydro State Fuel
Additional
Capacity Under
Implementation
(MW)
1.
Kahalgaon
Stage II (Phase I)
(Phase II)
Bihar Coal
500
500
2.
Sipat (Stage I) (Stage
II)
Chhattisgarh Coal
1980
500
3. Barh Bihar Coal 1980
4.
Bhilai (Exp. Power
Project-JV with SAIL)
Chhattisgarh Coal 500
5. Korba (Stage III) Chhattisgarh Coal 500
6. Farakka (Stage III) West Bengal Coal 500
7. NCTPP (Stage II)
Uttar
Pradesh
Coal 980
8. Simhadri (Stage II)
Andhra
Pradesh
Coal 1000
9. Koldam (HEPP)
Himachal
Pradesh
Hydro 800
10. Loharinag Pala (HEPP) Uttarakhand Hydro 600
11.
Tapovan Vishnugad
(HEPP)
Uttarakhand Hydro 520
Total (Coal + Hydro) 10,860
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NTPC STRATEGIES




Technological Initiatives

Introduction of steam generators (boilers) of the size of 800 MW
Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) Technology
Launch of Energy Technology Center -A new initiative for development
of technologies with focus on fundamental R&D

Nurturing
Human
Resource

Technology
initiatives

Exploit new
business
opportunities

Further
enhance
fuel security
Maintain
sector
Leadership
position
through
expansion

Sustainable
Development

STRATEGIES
- NTPC
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The company sets aside upto 0.5% of the profits for R&D
Roadmap developed for adopting Clean Development
Mechanism to help get / earn Certified Emission Reduction


Corporate Social Responsibility

As a responsible corporate citizen NTPC has taken up number of CSR
initiatives
NTPC Foundation formed to address Social issues at national level
NTPC has framed Corporate Social Responsibility Guidelines committing
up to 0.5% of net profit annually for Community Welfare Measures on
perennial basis
The welfare of project affected persons and the local population around
NTPC projects are taken care of through well drawn Rehabilitation and
Resettlement policies
The company has also taken up distributed generation for remote rural
areas

NTPC Faridabad has been doing development work in the nearby villages of
Mujedi under the guidance of Mrs. Manjula Sengupta with an annual
budget of Rs Ten lacs.


Environment Management

All stations of NTPC are ISO 14001 certified
Various groups to care of environmental issues
The Environment Management Group
Ash Utilisation Division
Afforestation Group
Centre for Power Efficiency & Environment Protection
Group on Clean Development Mechanism

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NTPC is the second largest owner of trees in the country after the
Forest department



Partnering government in various initiatives

Consultant role to modernize and improvise several plants across the
country
Disseminate technologies to other players in the sector
Consultant role Partnership in Excellence Program for improvement of
PLF of 15 Power Stations of SEBs.
Rural Electrification work under Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Vidyutikaran
Yojana
















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NTPC FARIDABAD PLANT

INTRODUCTION


NTPC-Faridabad was approved on 25
th
July 1997. The total project
cost was 1163 crores INR. The plant was fully functional in the year
2000 with an installed capacity of 432 MW. The plant under an
agreement with the Haryana government supplies the entire power
generated to the state of Haryana only.


Salient Features of this project are:

1. Project: Faridabad Gas Power Project

2. Location: Village Mujedi, P. O. Neemka, Faridabad, Haryana

3. Plant Capacity: 432 MW

4. Plant Configuration: Gas Turbine 1 - 138 MW
Gas Turbine 2 - 138 MW
Steam Turbine - 156 MW

5. Mode of Operation: Base Load

6. Fuel: Natural Gas

7. Alternate Fuel: Naphtha / HSD

8. Average Gas requirement: 2 million cubic meters per day

9. Fuel Source: HBJ pipe line (through GAIL)

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10. Cooling water: Rampur Distributary source

11. Naphtha Storage: 2 tanks of 800 Kl. Capacity each.

12. HSD Storage: 1 tank of capacity 400 Kl.

13. Power Evacuation: 2X220 KV Double circuit lines to220KV
BBMB sub-station at Samaipur (Ballabgarh) 2X220 KV
Double Circuit lines to 220 KV HVPN sub-station at Palla
(Faridabad)


NTPC-Faridabad is a power (electricity) generating company with
installed plant capacity of 432 MW. The plant configuration is as under:

Gas Turbine -1 138 MW
Gas Turbine -2 138 MW
Steam Turbine 156 MW
The mode of operation is Base Load. Natural Gas is used as main fuel.
Naphtha is used as an alternate fuel. Average gas requirement is two
million cubic meters per day. Gas Authority of India Ltd. supplies
Natural Gas to the plant through their H.B.J. Gas pipeline. The
electricity generated is supplied to the state of Haryana.
The liquid fuel which is used during a gas shortage is supplied to NTPC-
Faridabad by Indian Oil Co. (IOCL).

Water which is an important pre-requisite for any thermal power plant
is obtained through the Agra canal which runs through the Faridabad
city.

The Gas turbines used at NTPCFaridabad is obtained from SIEMENS
which is the OEM(Original Equipment Manufacturer). The model used in
this plant is V 94.2(model-3).



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AUTOMATION AND CONTROL SYSTEM


AUTOMATION: THE DEFINITION


The word automation is widely used today in relation to various types of
applications, such as office automation, plant or process automation.

This subsection presents the application of a control system for the automation of
a process / plant, such as a power station. In this last application, the automation
actively controls the plant during the three main phases of operation: plant start-
up, power generation in stable or put During plant start-up and shut-down,
sequence controllers as well as long range modulating controllers in or out of
operation every piece of the plant, at the correct time and in coordinated modes,
taking into account safety as well as overstressing limits.
During stable generation of power, the modulating portion of the automation
system keeps the actual generated power value within the limits of the desired
load demand.

During major load changes, the automation system automatically redefines new set
points and switches ON or OFF process pieces, to automatically bring the individual
processes in an optimally coordinated way to the new desired load demand. Thiload
transfer is executed according to pre- programmed adaptively controlled load
gradients and in a safe way.


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AUTOMATION: THE BENEFITS


The main benefits of plant automation are to increase overall plant availability and
efficiency. The increase of these two factors is achieved through a series of
features summarized as follows:

Optimisation of house load consumption during plant start- up,
shut-down and operation, via:

Faster plant start-up through elimination of control errors creating
delays.
Faster sequence of control actions compared to manual ones. Figures 1
shows the sequence of a rapid restart using automation for a typical coal-
fired station. Even a well- trained operator crew would probably not be
able to bring the plant to full load in the same time without considerable
risks.
Co-ordination of house load to the generated power output.


Ensure and maintain plant operation, even in case of
disturbances in the control system, via:

Coordinated ON / OFF and modulating control switchover capability from
a sub process to a redundant one.
Prevent sub-process and process tripping chain reaction following a
process component trip.


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Reduce plant / process shutdown time for repair and
maintenance as well as repair costs, via:

Protection of individual process components against overstress (in a
stable or unstable plant operation).
Bringing processes in a safe stage of operation, where process
components are protected against overstress

PROCESS STRUCTURE
Analysis of processes in Power Stations and Industry advocates the advisability of
dividing the complex overall process into individual sub-processes having distinctly
defined functions. This division of the process in clearly defined groups, termed as
FUNCTIONAL GROUPS, results in a hierarchical process structure. While the
hierarchical structure is governed in the horizontal direction by the number of
drives (motorised valves, fans, dampers, pumps, etc.) in other words the size of the
process; in the vertical direction, there is a distinction made between three
fundamental levels, these being the: -

Drive Level
Function Group Level
Unit Level.
To the Drive Level, the lowest level, belong the individual process equipment and
associated electrical drives.

The Function Group is that part of the process that fulfils a particular defined
task e.g., Induced Draft Control, Feed Water Control, Blooming Mill Control, etc.
Thus at the time of planning it is necessary to identify each function group in a
clear manner by assigning it to a particular process activity. Each function group
contains a combination of its associated individual equipment drives. The drive
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levels are subordinate to this level. The function groups are combined to obtain the
overall process control function at the Unit Level.

The above three levels are defined with regard to the process and not from the
control point of view.


CONTROL SYSTEM STRUCTURE


The primary requirement to be fulfilled by any control system architecture is that
it be capable of being organized and implemented on true process-oriented lines. In
other words, the control system structure should map on to the hierarchy process
structure.

BHELs PROCONTROL P

, a microprocessor based intelligent remote multiplexing

system, meets this requirement completely.


SYSTEM OVERVIEW


The control and automation system used here is a micro based intelligent
multiplexing system This system, designed on a modular basis, allows to tighten the
scope of control hardware to the particular control strategy and operating
requirements of the process

Regardless of the type and extent of process to control provides system
uniformity and integrity for:

Signal conditioning and transmission
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Modulating controls

CONTROL AND MONITORING MECHANISMS

There are basically two types of Problems faced in a Power Plant
Metallurgical
Mechanical

Mechanical Problemcan be related to Turbines that is the max speed permissible
for a turbine is 3000 rpm , so speed should be monitored and maintained at that
level
Metallurgical Problem can be view as the max Inlet Temperature for Turbile is
1060
o
C so temperature should be below the limit.

Monitoring of all the parameters is necessary for the safety of both:
Employees
Machines
So the Parameters to be monitored are :
1.Speed 2.Temperature
3.Current 4.Voltage
5.Pressure 6.Eccentricity
7.Flow of Gases 8.Vaccum Pressure
9.Valves 10.Level
11.Vibration
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PRESSURE MONITORING

Pressure can be monitored by three types of basic mechanisms

Switches
Gauges
Transmitter type
For gauges we use Bourden tubes : The Bourdon Tube is a non liquid pressure
measurement device. It is widely used in applications where inexpensive static
pressure measurements are needed.
A typical Bourdon tube contains a curved tube that is open to external pressure
input on one end and is coupled mechanically to an indicating needle on the other
end, as shown schematically below.


Typical Bourdon Tube Pressure Gages



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Transmitter types use transducers (electrical to electrical normally) they are used
where continuous monitoring is required
Normally capacitive transducers are used




For Switches pressure swithes are used and they can be used for digital means of
monitoring as swith being ON is referred as high and being OFF is as low.

All the monitored data is converted to either Current or Voltage parameter.

The Plant standard for current and voltage are as under

Voltage : 0 10 Volts range
Current : 4 20 milliAmperes

We use 4mA as the lower value so as to check for disturbances and wire breaks.
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Accuracy of such systems is very high .
ACCURACY : + - 0.1 %

The whole system used is SCADA based


INPUT 4-20 mA




ALARM

We use DDCMIC control for this process.
Programmable Logic Circuits ( PLCs) are used in the process as they are the heardt
of Instrumentation .


Pressure
Electricity
Start Level low
Pressure in line Level High

High level
pump Electricity
Stop Pressure


Electricity


BASIC PRESSURE CONTROL MECHANISM
ANALOG INPUT
MODULE
MICRO
PROCESSOR

HL switch


LL switch

AND

OR
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Hence PLC selection depends upon the Criticality of the Process

TEMPERATURE MONITORING

We can use Thernocouples or RTDs for temperature monitoring
Normally RTDs are used for low temperatures.

Thermocoupkle selection depends upon two factors:

Temperature Range
Accuracy Required

Normally used Thermocouple is K Type Thermocouple:

Chromel (Nickel-Chromium Alloy) / Alumel (Nickel-Aluminium Alloy)
This is the most commonly used general purpose thermocouple. It is inexpensive
and, owing to its popularity, available in a wide variety of probes. They are available
in the 200 C to +1200 C range. Sensitivity is approximately 41 V/C.

RTDs are also used but not in protection systems due to vibrational errors.

We pass a constant curre t through the RTD. So that if R changes then the
Voltage also changes

RTDs used in Industries are Pt
100
and Pt
1000

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Pt
100
: 0
0
C 100 ( 1 = 2.5
0
C )
Pt
1000
: 0
0
C - 1000
Pt
1000
is used for higher accuracy

The gauges used for Temperature measurements are mercury filled Temperature
gauges.

For Analog medium thermocouples are used
And for Digital medium Switches are used which are basically mercury switches.








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FLOW MEASUREMENT

Flow measurement does not signify much and is measured just for metering
purposes and for monitoring the processes

ROTAMETERS:
A Rotameter is a device that measures the flow rate of liquid or gas in a closed
tube. It is occasionally misspelled as 'rotometer'.

It belongs to a class of meters called variable area meters, which measure flow
rate by allowing the cross sectional area the fluid travels through to vary, causing
some measurable effect.

A rotameter consists of a tapered tube, typically made of glass, with a float inside
that is pushed up by flow and pulled down by gravity. At a higher flow rate more
area (between the float and the tube) is needed to accommodate the flow, so the
float rises. Floats are made in many different shapes, with spheres and spherical
ellipses being the most common. The float is shaped so that it rotates axially as
the fluid passes. This allows you to tell if the float is stuck since it will only rotate
if it is not.

For Digital measurements Flap system is used.

For Analog measurements we can use the following methods :
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Flowmeters
Venurimeters / Orifice meters
Turbines
Massflow meters ( oil level )
Ultrasonic Flow meters
Magnetic Flowmeter ( water level )

Selection of flow meter depends upon the purpose , accuracy and liquid to be
measured so different types of meters used.
Turbine type are the simplest of all.
They work on the principle that on each rotation of the turbine a pulse is
generated and that pulse is counted to get the flow rate.
VENTURIMETERS :




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Referring to the diagram, using Bernoulli's equation in the special case of
incompressible fluids (such as the approximation of a water jet), the theoretical
pressure drop at the constriction would be given by (/2)(v
2
2
- v
1
2
).

And we know that rate of flow is given by:
Flow = k (D.P)
Where DP is Differential Presure or the Pressure Drop.


CONTROL VALVES

A valve is a device that regulates the flow of substances (either gases, fluidized
solids, slurries, or liquids) by opening, closing, or partially obstructing various
passageways. Valves are technically pipe fittings, but usually are discussed
separately.

Valves are used in a variety of applications including industrial, military,
commercial, residential, transportation. Plumbing valves are the most obvious in
everyday life, but many more are used.

Some valves are driven by pressure only, they are mainly used for safety purposes
in steam engines and domestic heating or cooking appliances. Others are used in a
32 | P a g e

controlled way, like in Otto cycle engines driven by a camshaft, where they play a
major role in engine cycle control.

Many valves are controlled manually with a handle attached to the valve stem. If
the handle is turned a quarter of a full turn (90) between operating positions, the
valve is called a quarter-turn valve. Butterfly valves, ball valves, and plug valves are
often quarter-turn valves. Valves can also be controlled by devices called actuators
attached to the stem. They can be electromechanical actuators such as an electric
motor or solenoid, pneumatic actuators which are controlled by air pressure, or
hydraulic actuators which are controlled by the pressure of a liquid such as oil or
water.

So there are basically three types of valves that are used in power industries
besides the handle valves. They are :
Pneumatic Valves they are air or gas controlled which is compressed to
turn or move them
Hydraulic valves they utilize oil in place of Air as oil has better
compression
Motorised valves these valves are controlled by electric motors





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MAINTENANCE & PLANNING
DIVISION (MTP)


It is basically divided into two other divisions namely:

1. Mechanical maintenance
2. Electrical maintenance

This dept. is needed because of the below stated reasons:

1. To take up the daily maintenance of the plant as per schedule.

2. It is not possible to maintain the plant daily so a schedule is needed which is
drawn up by this dept.

3. It takes up rectifying work in case of a machine or an electrical failure.

4. It is responsible for the overhauling of the plant.

5. It monitors the condition and the working of the plant to check if everything
is working well.

6. It arranges for spares from the OEM(Original Equipment Manufacturer) and
also from other suppliers.

7. This dept. also oversees the work of the workshop within the pant whose
work is to manufacture small parts.

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8. The MTP also undertakes the regular calibration of all the instruments and
the sensors.

9. There is a weekly meeting for contracts and material in the dept.


OPERATIONS (MECHANICAL)-


The O&M(mech) dept. at NTPC- Faridabad takes care of day to day running the
mechanical components of the plants in a safe and in an efficient manner. The main
mechanical components are listed below:

1. Gas Turbine
2. Steam Turbine
3. Pumps
4. Heat Recovery Steam generator(HRSG)

GAS TURBINE


PRINCIPLE OF GAS TUBINE:

1. Works on Brayton Cycle
2. It is an open cycle process
3. Isentropic compression and expansion takes place.
4. Constant pressure heat addition takes place.


The Gas Turbine used at NTPC-Faridabad is V94.2 (model-3) is manufactured by
SIEMENS, Germany which is the OEM.
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VIEW OF THE TURBINE AND THE COMPRESSOR COUPLED TO
IT MANUFACTURED BY SIEMENS



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A VIEW OF THE AIR SUCKING MECHANISM FOR THE
COMPRESSOR AT NTPC-FARIDABAD
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SCHEMATIC OF A STEAM POWER PLANT



Schematic of a steam power
plant
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LINE DIAGRAM SHOWING GAS TO ELECTRICITY CONVERSION
AT NTPC-FARIDABAD





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STEAM TURBINE

Manufactured by BHEL-India. The flue gases from the gas turbine are passed
through the Heat Recovery Steam generator(HRSG) since the gases have high
thermal energy and are at a temperature of upto 540 degrees. The flow chart of
the steam build up is shown below:






Start up steam flow
HP reducing station, start-up flash tank
Reheater (for cooling)
LP bypass station (reducing
0))station)
injection water
condenser
saturated
steam
steam
steam
steam
steam
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A VIEW OF THE STEAM TURBINE GENERATOR



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HEAT RECOVERY STEAM GENERATOR(HRSG)


When the plant is running in open cycle i.e. when the gas turbine is only running
then the efficiency is a mere 30% but if we run the plant in a closed combined
cycle which includes the gas as well as the steam turbines then we can achieve an
efficiency of about 50%. Thus it is profitable to run the plant in a combined cycle
mode.

The flow diagram of a combined cycle power plant is given below:





COMBINED CYCLE PLANT HEAT
FUEL(100%)
GAS TURBINE
EXHAUST
HEAT(67%)
GT
POWER(30%)
MISC.LOSS(3%)
MISC.LOSS(2.8%)
STG
POWER(15.9%)
STACK LOSS(14%)
CONDENSER
LOSS(34.3%)
45.9 %
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HRSG CONSTRUCTION


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OPERATIONS (ELECTRICAL)


The OPERATONS (ELECTRICAL) dept. at NTPC-Faridabad takes care of the
running of the electrical systems as well as maintaining them.


The electrical overview of the plant is shown below:









SYNCHRONOUS
GENERATOR
TURBINE
GOVERNOR
EXCITATIONTRANSFORMER
2
EXCITATION
SYSTEM
GENERATOR
BREAKER
1
1
SYNCHRONIZING
2
PROTECTION
STATIC
STARTER
CONTROL
SYSTEMS
AC & DC
AUXILIARY
SYSTEMS
STEP UP
TRANSFORMER
HV- BREAKER
HV SYSTEM
CONTROL ROOM
PTs
&
CTs
AUX.
TRANSF.
STAR
POINT
CUBICLE
LV SWITCHGEAR

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Generally the D/C systems are placed to draw power for starting of the systems
of the plant in case of a grid failure.








General Classification of Electrical Systems
ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS

AC 50 Hz SUPPLY SYSTEM D/C SYSTEM
220 KV 3 PHASE FOR BULK POWER
TRANSMISSION
10.5 KV,15.75 KV 3 PHASE
GENERATOR OUTPUT VOLTAGE
6.6 KV 3 PHASE FOR STATION AUXILLIARIES
415 V 3 PHASE FOR LOW VOLTAGE
AUXILLIARIES
240 V SINGLE PHASE SUPPLY
220 V FOR UPS & EMERGENCY
SYSTEMS
24 V FOR SOLENOIDS,
CONTROLLERS
48 V DC IN SWITCHYARD
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DETAILS OF THE GAS TURBINE GENERATOR








Apparent power
Active Power
Current
Voltage
Speed
Frequency
Power Factor
Stator Winding
Rated Field current
Rated Field Voltage
170.12MVA
144.6MW
9354A
10.5KV+/-5%
3000rpm
50Hz
0.85
YY
833A
410V
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DETAILS OF THE STEAM TURBINE GENERATOR












Apparent power
Active Power
Current
Voltage
Speed
Frequency
Power Factor
Stator Winding
Rated Field current
Rated Field Voltage
188.23MVA
160MW
6900A
15.75KV+/-5%
3000rpm
50Hz
0.85
YY
798A
432V
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TRANSMISSION DETAILS


220 KV Switch yard at FGPS


1. 3 Nos Generator Circuits (GT-1,2,ST)
2. 2 Nos Palla lines
3. 2 Nos Samaypur lines
4. Bus coupler
5. Transfer bus coupler




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220KV SWITCH YARD -FGPP
BUS-1
BUS-2
TRANSFER BUS
GT-1
GT-2
ST
B/C
TBC
PALL-1&2 SAMAYPUR-1& 2
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CONCLUSION

To summarise the above mentioned report all the Systems involved in the power
plant system including Mechanical system, Electrical System and Control &
Instrumentation system were thoroughly studied and all the information was
gathered regarding the plant and its auxiliary units.
The purpose of this training was to get an insight into the functioning of a power
plant with particular emphasis on Systems engineering point of view.
Finally I would mention the exemplary service that the management and the staff
of NTPC give to the nation.













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REFERENCES



1. wikipedia.com
2. ntpc.com
3. scribd.com