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Synthetic Communications: An
International Journal for Rapid
Communication of Synthetic
Organic Chemistry
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To cite this article: Ravi Kumar Cheedarala , Vijaya Sunkara & Joon Won Park (2009)
Facile Synthesis of Second-Generation Dendrons with an Orthogonal Functional
Group at the Focal Point, Synthetic Communications: An International Journal
for Rapid Communication of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, 39:11, 1966-1980, DOI:
10.1080/00397910802627076
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Synthetic Communications1, 39: 1966–1980, 2009
Copyright # Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
ISSN: 0039-7911 print=1532-2432 online
DOI: 10.1080/00397910802627076
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INTRODUCTION
1966
Facile Synthesis of Second-Generation Dendrons 1967
Scheme 1. Reagents and conditions: (a) acrylonitrile, aq. KOH, 1,4-dioxane, rt,
24 h; and (b) dry HCl, methanol, 4 h, reflux.
In the next step, trimethyl ester 3 was coupled with triacid 6 under
the same coupling condition to produce t-Boc protected methyl ester 7
as a colorless oil in 80% yield. Subsequently, hydrolysis of 7 in aq.
NaOH=acetone at room temperature and under controlled acidification
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Scheme 3. Reagents and conditions: (a) EDC, HOBt, methylene chloride, rt, 24 h;
(b) i, TFA, methylene chloride, 0 C, 1.5 h; ii, Et3N; (c) 8, EDC, HOBt, methylene
chloride, rt, 24 h, and (d), i, aq. acetone, NaOH, rt, 12 h; ii, degassed methanol,
NaOH, rt, 4 h.
1970 R. K. Cheedarala, V. Sunkara, and J. W. Park
equiv. of NaOH, 9a and 9b afforded the corresponding acids 10a and 10b
in 86% and 84% yields, respectively. Under these conditions, by-products
were not observable with TLC analysis. In the case of 9c, it was thought
that hydrolysis of methyl ester in the presence of the aldehyde could
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EXPERIMENTAL
General
1
H NMR spectra were recorded on a 300-MHz Bruker NMR
spectrometer. Chemical shifts are reported in parts per million
Facile Synthesis of Second-Generation Dendrons 1971
1
H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz), 6: d 8.98 (br s, OH, 3H), 6.92
(s, CONHC, 1H), 6.54–6.46 (t, CONH, 1H), 3.77–3.66 (t,
NHCCH2OCH2CH2CO, 12H), 3.11 (q, NHCH2, 2H), 2.6–2.5 (t,
OCH2CH2CO, 6H), 2.24–2.20 (t, CH2CH2CH2CONH, 2H), 1.84–1.77
(m, CH2CH2CH2, 2H), 1.44 (s, Boc, 9H). 13C NMR (CDCl3,
300 MHz), 6: d 178.3 (CH2CH2COOH), 174.0 (CH2CH2CONH), 156.9
(OCONH), 79.9 [(CH3)3COCONH], 69.4 (NHCCH2O), 65.7
(NHCCH2OCH2), 40.2 (CONHCH2), 34.6 (OCH2CH2COOH), 31.2
(NHCH2CH2CH2CO), 28.3 [(CH3)3COCO], 26.3 (NHCH2CH2CH2CO).
The resulting product was extracted with ethyl acetate (2 50 mL). The
combined organic layer was dried (anh. MgSO4) and evaporated to
dryness. The crude product thus obtained was recrystallized in an ethyl
acetate–hexane mixture to get pure 7a (0.5 g, 77%).
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IR (neat, cm1), 7a: 3300, 2925, 1716, 1670, 1408, 1179, 1117.
1
H NMR (CD3OD, 300 MHz), 7a: d 7.74–7.71 (t, CONHCH2CH2,
CONHC, 1H), 7.49–7.46 (br s, CH2CONH, 1H), 7.33–7.31 (br s, OCH2
CH2CONH, 3H), 3.77–3.67 (m, CH2OCH2CH2CONHCCH2OCH2CH2-
COOH, 48H), 3.05 (q, Boc-NHCH2CH2CH2, 2H), 2.78–2.74 (t, CON-
HCCH2OCH2CH2, 6H), 2.54–2.51 (t, OCH2CH2COOCH3, 18H), 2.25
(t, NHCH2CH2CH2CO, 2H), 1.74 (m, NHCH2CH2CH2CO, 2H), 1.43
(s, Boc, 9H). MALDI-TOF-MS, 7a: [M þ Na]þ ¼ 1502.
Synthesis of 8
Preparation of 9
the residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate (50 mL) washed with water
(2 25 mL), chilled 5% HCl (2 25 mL), water (1 25 mL), sat.
NaHCO3 solution (3 25 mL), water (2 25 mL), and brine (25 mL).
The organic layer was then dried over MgSO4, and the solvent was
evaporated to get compound 9. Yields: 9a, 0.16 g (75%); 9b, 0.18 g
(80%); 9c, 0.17 g (78%).
1
H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz), 9a: d 7.87–7.84 (d, C6H4, 2H), 7.79–7.73
(t, CONHCH2CH2CH2, 1H), 7.33–7.31 (d, C6H4, 2H), 6.76 (br s, CON-
HCCH2O, 1H), 6.1 (br s, OCH2CH2CONH, 3H), 3.90 (q, CHCH2O, 1H,
epoxy), 3.69–3.67 (m, CH2OCH2CH2CONHCCH2OCH2CH2CO-OCH3,
75H), 3.5–3.48 (t, CONHCH2CH2CH2, 2H), 3.18 (dd, CHCH2O, 1H,
epoxy), 2.8 (dd, CHCH2O, 1H, epoxy), 2.56–2.52 (t, OCH2CH2CO,
18H), 2.42–2.40 (t, CONHCCH2OCH2CH2, 6H), 2.05–2.04 (t,
NHCH2CH2CH2CO, 2H), 1.97–1.95 (m, CONH CH2CH2CH2, 2H).
13
C NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz), 9a: d 173.5 (CH2CONH), 172.1
(CH2COOCH3), 170.4 (CH2CONHCCH2O), 166.9 (CONHCH2CH2),
140.8 (C6H4), 134.5 (C6H4), 127.1 (C6H4), 125.5 (C6H4), 69 (NHCCH2O),
67.4 (CONHCCH2OCH2), 66.7 (CONHCCH2OCH2), 59.9 (CON-
HCCH2OCH2), 51.9 (CHCH2O, epoxy), 51.6 (CH2OCH2CH2COOCH3),
51.2 (CHCH2O, epoxy), 39.8 (CONHCH2CH2CH2), 37.1 (CON-
HCH2CH2CH2CONH), 34.8 (CH2OCH2CH2COOCH3), 24.7 (CON-
HCH2CH2CH2CONH).
1
H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz), 9b: d 7.84–7.82 (d, C6H4, 2H), 7.54 (t,
CONHCH2CH2CH2, 1H), 6.94–6.92 (d, C6H4, 2H), 6.74 (br s, CON-
HCCH2O, 1H), 6.15 (br s, OCH2CH2CONH, 3H), 4.30–4.27 (dd,
C6H4OCH2CH, 1H), 3.98–3.95 (dd, C6H4OCH2CH, 1H), 3.76–3.67 (m,
CH2OCH2CH2CONHCCH2OCH2CH2COOCH3, 75H), 3.5–3.48 (q,
CONHCH2CH2CH2, 2H), 3.2–3.1 (m, CHCH2O, 1H, epoxy), 2.92–
2.91 (dd, CHCH2O, 1H, epoxy), 2.77 (dd, CHCH2O, 1H, epoxy), 2.54
(t, OCH2CH2CO, 18H), 2.40 (t, CONHCCH2OCH2CH2, 6H), 1.95 (t,
NHCH2CH2CH2CO, 2H), 1.73 (m, CONH CH2CH2CH2, 2H). 13C
NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz), 9b: d 173.5 (CH2CONH), 172 (CH2COOCH3),
171 (CH2CONHCCH2O), 166.8 (CONHCH2CH2), 160 (C6H4, C1), 129
(C6H4, C3, C5), 127 (C6H4, C4), 114 (C6H4, C2, C6), 69 (NHCCH2O),
68.8 (C6H4OCH2CH), 67 (CONHCCH2OCH2), 66.7 (CONHCCH2OCH2),
59.9 (CONHCCH2OCH2), 51.6 (CH2OCH2CH2COOCH3), 49.9 (CHCH2O,
epoxy), 44.6 (CHCH2O, epoxy), 39.7 (CONHCH2CH2CH2), 37.1 (CON-
HCH2CH2CH2CONH), 34.6 (CH2OCH2CH2COOCH3), 24.8 (CON-
HCH2CH2CH2CONH).
Facile Synthesis of Second-Generation Dendrons 1975
1
H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz), 9c: d 10.1 (s, C6H4CHO, 1H), 8.13 (br s,
CONHCH2CH2CH2, 1H), 8.07–8.05 (d, C6H4, 2H), 7.95–7.92 (d, C6H4,
2H), 6.8 (br s, CONHCCH2O, 1H), 6.1 (br s, OCH2CH2CONH,
3H), 3.68–3.65 (m, CH2OCH2CH2CONHCCH2OCH2CH2COOCH3,
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Preparation of 10
IR (neat, cm1), 10b: 2944, 2912, 1728, 1654, 1632, 1631, 1544, 1185.
1
H NMR (DMSO-d6, 300 MHz): d 12.1 (br s, COOH, 9H), 8.32 (t,
CONHCH2CH2CH2, 1H), 7.81–7.78 (d, C6H4, 2H), 7.54 (t, CON-
HCH2CH2CH2, 1H), 6.99–6.96 (d, C6H4, 2H), 5.1 (br s, OCH2CH2-
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Preparation of 10c
CONCLUSION
of the dendrons was prepared without going through the column chroma-
tography step. The approach is synthetically convenient and saves time.
Also, the scheme can be applied for the preparation of dendrons with
various functional groups at the focal point in a one-pot, two-step
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
We are grateful for financial support from the Korea Research Founda-
tion (KRF-2004-005-C00007). We thank Prof. Young Ho Rhee for his
valuable suggestions.
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