Professional Documents
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9-2
McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2008 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Page 246
1
Communication Systems Communication Channels
• Four basic elements
– Sending and receiving devices • Channels carry data from one computer
– Communication channel
to another
– Connection devices
– Data transmission specifications • Two categories of communication
channels
– Physical connection
– Wireless connection
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Wireless Connections
Physical Connections
• Telephone lines
• Infrared
(Twisted pair cables)
• Broadcast radio
– Wi-FI (wireless
• Coaxial cable fidelity) 802.11 Microwave dish
• Microwave
– Stations
– Bluetooth
• Fiber-optic cable
• Satellite Satellite
– GPS
Return 9-9 GPS 9-10
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Communication Channels
Connection Device Signals
Summary
• Types of signals
– Analog
– Digital
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2
Connection Device Types and Connection Service
Transfer Speeds • Dial-Up services
• Leased lines – T1, T2, T3 and T4
• Types of modems • Digital subscriber line (DSL)
– External – Uses existing phone lines
– One type widely used is ADSL
– Internal
• Cable modems
– PC Card – Uses existing TV cable
– Wireless – Provides speeds as fast as DSL at a lower cost
• Satellite/air connection services
– Seven times faster than dial-up
– Slower than DSL & cable modem
• Cellular Services
Transfer Speeds – Alternative for mobile devices and laptops
– Current service areas limited
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Protocols Networks
• Set of communication rules • A computer network is a
• Standard for Internet: TCP/IP communication system
(Transmission control protocol/Internet • Connects two or more computers
protocol) • Allows information exchange
– Identification
– Reformatting
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3
Computer Networks Network Types
Computer Networks Connect Computers
Common network terms • Local area networks
• Node • Home networks
• Client – WLAN
• Server • Metropolitan area
• Hub networks
• Network interface cards (NIC) • Wide area networks
• Network operating system LAN
(NOS)
• Distributed processing
• Host computer
• Network administrator
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Return
Return
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4
Hierarchical Network Principal Network Configurations
• Several computers
linked to a central
host
• Computers are
hosts to other
computers
• Useful in centralized
organizations
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Page 264 Page 265
9-29 9-30
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5
Discussion Questions (1 of 2) Discussion Questions (2 of 2)
• Define and discuss connectivity, the • Define and discuss the four principal
wireless revolution, and network topologies.
communications.
• Define and discuss the three most
• Identify and describe the various common network strategies.
physical and wireless communication
channels.