SQL Server 2008 is supported on both 32-bit and 64-bit operating systems.

You can install all editions of SQL Server 2008 on either Windows Server 2003 Standard
Edition SP2 and higher or Windows Server 2008 Standard and higher.
You cannot install SQL Server 2008 on Windows Server 2008 Server Core.

1. You are deploying a new server within Wide World Importers that will be running
a SQL Server 2008 instance in support of a new application. Because of the feature
support that is needed, you will be installing SQL Server 2008 Enterprise. Which
operating systems will support your installation? (Choose all that apply.)
A. Windows 2000 Server Enterprise SP4 or higher
B. Windows Server 2003 Enterprise
C. Windows Server 2003 Enterprise SP2
D. Windows Server 2008 Enterprise

(C, D)

2. You are deploying SQL Server 2008 Express in support of a new Web-based application
that will enable customers to order directly from Coho Vineyards. Which operating
system does NOT support your installation?
A. Windows XP Home Edition SP2
B. Windows Server 2008 Server Core
C. Windows Server 2003 Enterprise SP2
D. Windows XP Tablet Edition SP2
(B)

Quick Check
1. Which editions support the entire feature set available within the SQL Server data
2. Which editions of SQL Server are designed as storage engines for embedded
Quick Check Answers
1. Enterprise, Developer, and Evaluation editions have the entire set of features
available within the SQL Server 2008 data platform. Developer and Evaluation
editions are not licensed for use in a production environment.

2. Express and Compact editions are designed as storage engines for embedded
applications and support only a single CPU, up to 1 GB of RAM, and a maximum
database size of 4 GB.

Lesson Review
The following questions are intended to reinforce key information presented in Lesson 2,
Selecting SQL Server Editions. The questions are also available on the companion CD if you
prefer to review them in electronic form.
NOTE ANSWERS
Margies Travel is opening a new division to offer online travel bookings to their
customers. Managers expect the traffi c volume to increase rapidly, to the point where
hundreds of users will be browsing offerings and booking travel at any given time.
Management would also like to synchronize multiple copies of the database of travel
bookings to support both online and face-to-face operations. Which editions of SQL
Server 2008 would be appropriate for Margies Travel to deploy for their new online
presence? (Choose all that apply.)
A. Express
B. Standard
C. Enterprise
D. Compact

(B,C)
2. Margies Travel decided to minimize the cost and deploy SQL Server 2008 Standard to
support the new online division. After a successful launch, managers are having a hard
time managing business operations and need to deploy advanced analytics. A new
server running SQL Server will be installed. Which edition of SQL Server needs to be
installed on the new server to support the necessary data analytics?
A. SQL Server 2008 Standard
B. SQL Server 2008 Express with Advanced Services
C. SQL Server 2008 Workgroup
D. SQL Server 2008 Enterprise

(D)


Wide World Importers will be using the new FILESTREAM data type to store scanned
images of shipping manifests. Which command must be executed against the SQL
Server instance before FILESTREAM data can be stored?
A. ALTER DATABASE
B. DBCC
C. sp_confi gure
D. sp_fi lestream_confi gure

(D)

2. Contoso has implemented a new policy that requires the passwords on all service
accounts to be changed every 30 days. Which tool should the Contoso database
administrators use to change the service account passwords so that SQL Server services
comply with the new policy?
A. Windows Service Control applet
B. SQL Server Management Studio
C. SQL Server Confi guration Manager
D. SQL Server Surface Area Confi guration Manager

(C)

As part of the implementation of the new Web-based booking system at Margies
Travel, customers should receive notices when a travel booking has been successfully
saved. What technologies or features can the developers at Margies Travel use to
implement notifi cations? (Choose all that apply.)
A. Notifi cation Services
B. Database Mail
C. Microsoft Visual Studio.NET code libraries
D. Activity Monitor

(B,C)

The developers at Margies Travel have decided to utilize Database Mail to send
messages to their customers. The ability to send mail messages through a given profi le
needs to be restricted, but it must not require an approved user to specify a mail
profi le when sending messages. What settings need to be confi gured to meet these
requirements? (Choose all that apply.)
A. Set the mail profi le to public.
B. Set the mail profi le to private.
C. Set the mail profi le to private and grant access to approved users.
D. Designate the mail profi le as the default.

(C,D)


1. What are the types of fi les that you create for databases and what are the commonly used file
extensions?
2. What is the purpose of the transaction log?
Quick Check Answers
1. You can create data and log files for a database. Data files commonly have either
an .mdf or .ndf extension, whereas log fi les have an .ldf extension.
all transactions to disk.
2. The transaction log records every change that occurs within a database to persist
PRACTICE Creating Databases

Question:
You have a reference database named OrderHistory, which should not allow any data
to be modifi ed. How can you ensure, with the least amount of effort, that users can
only read data from the database?
A. Add all database users to the db_datareader role.
B. Create views for all the tables and grant select permission only on the views to
database users.
C. Set the database to READ_ONLY.
D. Grant select permission on the database to all users and revoke insert, update, and
delete permissions from all users on the database.

(C) Unless the database is in READ_ONLY mode, members of the db_owner role can
still change data in the database.

1. How do you restrict database access to members of the db_owner role and
terminate all active transactions and connection at the same time?
2. What backups can be executed for a database in each of the recovery models?
Quick Check Answers
1. You would execute the following command: ALTER DATABASE <database name>

SET RESTRICTED_USER WITH ROLLBACK IMMEDIATE.

2. You can create full, differential, and file filegroup backups in the Simple recovery
PRACTICE Changing the Database Recovery Model


Lesson Summary
You can set the recovery model for a database to Full, Bulk-logged, or Simple.
You can back up transaction logs for a database in the Full or Bulk-logged recovery
model.
The AUTO_SHRINK option shrinks a database file when there is more than 25 percent
of free space in the file.
You can track and log damaged pages by enabling the PAGE_VERIFY CHECKSUM option.

1. You are the database administrator at Blue Yonder Airlines and are primarily
responsible for the Reservations database, which runs on a server running SQL Server
2008. In addition to customers booking fl ights through the companys Web site, fl ights
can be booked with several partners. Once an hour, the Reservations database receives
multiple fi les from partners, which are then loaded into the database using the Bulk
Copy Program (BCP) utility. You need to ensure that you can recover the database
to any point in time while also maximizing the performance of import routines. How
would you confi gure the database to meet business requirements?
A. Enable AUTO_SHRINK
B. Set PARAMETERIZATION FORCED on the database
C. Confi gure the database in the Bulk-logged recovery model
D. Confi gure the database in the Full recovery model
(Correct Answer: D
A. Incorrect: The AUTO_SHRINK option does not ensure that the database can be recovered
to any point in time.
B. Incorrect: Forced parameterization does not ensure that the database can be recovered
to any point in time.
C. Incorrect: While the bulk-logged recovery model allows maximum performance and you
can still create transaction log backups, you cannot recover a database to a point in time
during which a minimally logged operation is executing.
D. Correct: The full recovery model ensures that you can always recover the database to any
point in time.)

1. Which commands are executed when you run the DBCC CHECKDB command? (Check
all that apply.)
A. DBCC CHECKTABLE
B. DBCC CHECKIDENT
C. DBCC CHECKCATALOG
D. DBCC FREEPROCCACHE

(A,C)

Lesson Summary
The PAGE_VERIFY CHECKSUM option should be enabled for every production database
to detect any structural integrity errors.
When a corrupt page is encountered, the page is logged to the suspect_pages table in
the msdb database. If a database is participating in a Database Mirroring session, SQL
Server automatically retrieves a copy of the page from the mirror, replaces the page on
the principal, and logs an entry in the sys.dm_db_mirroring_auto_page_repair view.
DBCC CHECKDB is used to check the logical and physical consistency of a database.
Quick Check
1. How do you design a database?
2. What are three new options that you can confi gure for columns, rows, or pages
Quick Check Answers
1. The ruling principle for designing a database is Put things where they belong.
2. You can designate columns as SPARSE to optimize the storage of NULLs. You can
within a table?
If the need is to store multiple rows of information that link back to a single
entity, you need a separate table for those rows. Otherwise, each table defi nes a
major object for which you want to store data and the columns within the table
defi ne the specifi c data that you want to store.
apply the FILESTREAM property to a VARBINARY(MAX) column to enable the
storage of documents in a directory on the operating system that exceed 2 GB.
Rows can be compressed to fi t more rows on a page. Pages can be compressed to
reduce the amount of storage space required for the table, index, or indexed view.

Lesson Summary
Schemas allow you to group related objects together as well as provide a security
container for objects.
The most important decision you can make when designing a table is the data type of
a column.
You can use a column set defi nition along with sparse columns to create tables with up
to 30,000 columns.
Tables, indexes, and indexed views can be compressed using either row or page
compression; however, compression is not compatible with sparse columns.
1. Which options are not compatible with row or page compression? (Choose two. Each
forms a separate answer.)
A. A column with a VARCHAR(MAX) data type
B. A sparse column
C. A table with a column set
D. A VARBINARY(MAX) column with the FILESTREAM property
(1. Correct Answers: B and C
A. Incorrect: You can apply page compression to a table that have a VARCHAR(MAX) data
type; however, the data within the VARCHAR(MAX) column is not compressed.
B. Correct: You cannot use either row or page compression with a table that has a sparse
column.
C. Correct: A column set is constructed for a group of sparse columns, so because row and
page compression is incompatible with sparse columns, it is also incompatible with a
column set.
D. Incorrect: You can apply row or page compression to a table that has a FILESTREAM
column, but the data in the FILESTREAM column will not be compressed.)
Quick Check
1. What is the difference between a primary key and a unique constraint?
2. What restrictions does the parent table have when creating a foreign key?
Quick Check Answers
1. A primary key does not allow NULLs.
2. The parent table must have a primary key that is used to defi ne the relationship
between the parent and child tables. In addition, if the parents primary key is
defi ned on multiple columns, all the columns must exist in the child table for the
foreign key to be created.


1. Columns with which properties cannot be sparse columns? (Choose two. Each forms a
separate answer.)
A. FILESTREAM
B. NULL
C. NOT FOR REPLICATION
D. COLLATE
(1. Correct Answers: A and C
A. Correct: ROWGUIDCOL, IDENTITY, and FILESTREAM are not allowed to be used with SPARSE
columns. Because the NOT FOR REPLICATION option is applied to an identity column, you
cannot have a column that is SPARSE, which also has the NOT FOR REPLICATION option.
In addition, a column must allow NULLs to be designated as a sparse column.
B. Incorrect: Sparse columns must allow NULLs.
C. Correct: ROWGUIDCOL, IDENTITY, and FILESTREAM are not allowed to be used with SPARSE
columns. Because the NOT FOR REPLICATION option is applied to an identity column, you
cannot have a column that is SPARSE which also has the NOT FOR REPLICATION option. In
addition, a column must allows NULLs in order to be designated as a sparse column.
D. Incorrect: A sparse column can have a collation sequence specifi ed.)
Quick Check
1. What type of structure does SQL Server use to construct an index?
2. What are the three types of pages within an index?
Quick Check Answers
1. SQL Server uses a B-tree structure for indexes.
2. An index can contain root, intermediate, and leaf pages. An index has a single
root page defi ned at the top of the index structure. An index can have one or
more levels of intermediate pages, but it is optional. The leaf pages are the
lowest-level page within an index.

SQL Server creates an index using a B-tree structure .
Each index has a single root-level page and if all the entries do not fi t on a single page,
the index can create pages at intermediate and leaf levels.


Question:
Fabrikam stores product information in the following table:
CREATE TABLE Products.Product
(ProductID INT IDENTITY(1,1),
ProductName VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL,
SKU CHAR(8) NOT NULL,
Cost MONEY NOT NULL,
ListPrice MONEY NOT NULL,
ShortDescription VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
LongDescription VARCHAR(MAX) NULL,
CONSTRAINT pk_product PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (ProductID))

The table is queried either by ProductID, ProductName, or SKU. The application
displays ProductName, SKU, ListPrice, and ShortDescription. The ProductID is also
returned to facilitate any subsequent operations. Several thousand new products were
recently added and now you have performance degradation. Which index should you
implement to provide the greatest improvement in query performance?
A. CREATE NONCLUSTERED INDEX idx_product ON Products.Product (ProductID,
ProductName, SKU)
B. CREATE NONCLUSTERED INDEX idx_product ON Products.Product (ProductName)
C. CREATE NONCLUSTERED INDEX idx_product ON Products.Product (ProductName)
INCLUDE (SKU, ListPrice, ShortDescription, ProductID)
D. CREATE NONCLUSTERED INDEX idx_product ON Products.Product (ProductName,
SKU, ProductID, ListPrice, ShortDescription)

(C) Optimizer considers first word

Quick Check
1. What is the difference between a clustered and a nonclustered index?
2. How does the FILLFACTOR option affect the way an index is built?
Quick Check Answers
1. A clustered index imposes a sort order on the data pages in the table. A nonclustered
2. The FILLFACTOR option reservesspace on the intermediate and leaf levels of the index.

Clustered indexes specify a sort order for data pages in a table.
You can create up to 1,000 nonclustered indexes on a table.
Nonclustered indexes can include columns in the leaf level of the index to cover more
queries.
You can specify a WHERE clause for a nonclustered index to limit the data set that the
index is built upon.
You can create three different types of XML indexes; PATH, VALUE, and PROPERTY.
Spatial indexes can be defi ned for either geography or geometry data types.
If you are indexing a geometry data type, the BOUNDING_BOX parameter is required
to provide limits to the two-dimensional plane.


1. You are the Database Administrator at a retail company that supplies blanks and kits
to pen turners. You are designing a database to store characteristics of the products
offered. Each product has a variety of characteristics, but not all products have the
same set of characteristics. You are planning the index strategy for the database. The
most common query will be the following:
SELECT a.ProductName, b.ProductType, b.WoodSpecies, b.Color
FROM Products a INNER JOIN ProductAttributes b ON a.ProductID = b.ProductID
WHERE b.Color = "X"
Not all products have a Color attribute. Which index strategy would be the most
effi cient?
A. A nonclustered index on Color
B. A nonclustered index on Color that includes the ProductType and WoodSpecies
columns
C. A fi ltered, nonclustered index on Color
D. A fi ltered, nonclustered index on Color that includes the ProductType and
WoodSpecies columns

(D) Color can be null, so filtered is better.

1. What is the difference between the REBUILD and REORGANIZE options of ALTER
2. What happens when an index is disabled?
Quick Check Answers
1. REBUILD defragments all levels of an index. REORGANIZE defragments only the
2. An index that is disabled is no longer used by the optimizer. In addition, as data
changes in the table, any disabled index is not maintained.

You can defragment indexes using either the REBUILD or REORGANIZE options.
The REBUILD option defragments all levels of an index. Unless the ONLINE option is
specifi ed, a REBUILD acquires a shared table lock and block any data modifi cations.
The REORGANIZE option defragments only the leaf level of an index and does not
cause blocking.
You can disable an index to exclude the index from consideration by the optimizer
or any index maintenance due to data changes. If the clustered index is disabled, the
entire table becomes inaccessible.

1. You are in charge of building the process that loads approximately 150 GB of data into
the enterprise data warehouse every month. Every table in your data warehouse has at
least eight indexes to support data analysis routines. You want to load the data directly
into the tables as quickly as possible. Which operation provides the best performance
improvement with the least amount of administrative effort?
A. Use a BULK INSERT command.
B. Drop and re-create the indexes.
C. Disable and enable the indexes.
D. Use Integration Services to import the data.

(C)


Quick Check
1. Before you can create a full text index, which structure do you need to create?
2. What do you need to specify to create a full text index on documents stored
within a FILESTREAM?

1.Full text indexes are contained within full text catalogs. Therefore, you must
create a full text catalog prior to creating a full text index.
2. SQL Server stores the documents within a VARBINARY(MAX) column with the
FILESTREAM property enabled. In order to create a full text index, you need to
also specify a type column that designates what type of document is stored in
the VARBINARY(MAX) column to load the appropriate fi lter for the word breaker
to use.

1. You are the database administrator at your company. You need to enable the sales
support team to perform fuzzy searches on product descriptions. Which actions do
you need to perform to satisfy user needs with the least amount of effort? (Choose
two. Each forms part of the correct answer.)
A. Create a full text catalog specifying the fi legroup for backup purposes and the root
path to store the contents of the catalog on the fi le system.
B. Create a full text catalog and specify the fi legroup to store the contents of the
catalog.
C. Create a full text index on the table of product descriptions for the description
column and specify NO POPULATION.
D. Create a full text index on the table of product descriptions for the description
column and specify CHANGE_TRACKING AUTO.

(B,D)

2. You want to confi gure your full text indexes such that SQL Server migrates changes
into the index as quickly as possible with the minimum amount of administrator effort.
Which command should you execute?
A. ALTER FULLTEXT INDEX ON <table_name> START FULL POPULATION
B. ALTER FULLTEXT INDEX ON <table_name> START INCREMENTAL POPULATION
C. ALTER FULLTEXT INDEX ON <table_name> SET CHANGE_TRACKING AUTO
D. ALTER FULLTEXT INDEX ON <table_name> START UPDATE POPULATION

(C)

Quick Check
1. Which predicate performs fuzzy searching by default?
2. Which predicate is used to perform proximity and synonym searches?

1. FREETEXT and FREETEXTTABLE predicates perform wildcard searches by default.
2. CONTAINS and CONTAINSTABLE are used for proximity, thesaurus, and
infl ectional searches.

1. You want to search for two terms based on proximity within a row. Which full text
predicates can be used to perform proximity searches? (Choose two. Each forms a
separate answer.)
A. CONTAINS
B. FREETEXT
C. CONTAINSTABLE
D. FREETEXTTABLE


2. You want to perform a proximity search based on a weighting value for the search
arguments. Which options for the CONTAINSTABLE predicate should you use?
A. FORMSOF with the THESAURUS keyword
B. FORMSOF with the INFLECTIONAL keyword
C. ISABOUT
D. ISABOUT with the WEIGHT keyword

(1. Correct Answers: A and C
A. Correct: CONTAINS allows proximity searches by using the NEAR keyword.
B. Incorrect: FREETEXT does not allow proximity searches.
C. Correct: CONTAINSTABLE allows proximity searches by using the NEAR keyword.
D. Incorrect: FREETEXTTABLE does not allow proximity searches.

2. Correct Answer: D
A. Incorrect: The FORMSOF argument allows you to search based on a thesaurus or infl ectional
forms of a search term but does not perform proximity searches.
B. Incorrect: The FORMSOF argument allows you to search based on a thesaurus or infl ectional
forms of a search term but does not perform proximity searches.
C. Incorrect: ISABOUT performs proximity searches but does not apply weighting unless the
WEIGHT keyword and weighting value are also supplied.
D. Correct: ISABOUT performs proximity searches and it also applies weighting if the
WEIGHT keyword and weighting value are supplied.)

1. Which type of fi les enable searching based on synonyms?
2. What do you confi gure to exclude words from your index and search arguments?
Quick Check Answers
1. A thesaurus fi le allows you to confi gure synonyms for search arguments.
2. A stop list contains the list of words that you want excluded from a full text
index as well as from search arguments.

You have a list of words that should be excluded from search arguments. Which action
should you perform in SQL Server 2008 to meet your requirements with the least
amount of effort?
A. Create a stop list and associate the stop list to the full text index.
B. Create a noise word fi le and associate the noise word fi le to the full text index.
C. Populate a thesaurus fi le and associate the thesaurus fi le to the full text index.
D. Parse the inbound query and remove any common words from the search
arguments.
(A)

1. What data types cannot be used with partition functions?
2. What is the maximum number of partitions allowed for a table?
3. What is the maximum number of boundary points allowed for a partition function?
Quick Check Answers
1. You cannot use text, ntext, image, xml, varbinary(max), varchar(max), or any CLR
2. The maximum number of partitions for a table is 1,000.
3. The maximum number of boundary points for a partition function is 999.

A partition function defi nes the boundary points for a set of partitions.
You can create a partition function as either RANGE LEFT or RANGE RIGHT.
You can utilize any data type except: text, ntext, image, varbinary(max), varchar(max),
XML, or CLR data types.

1. How many fi legroups can you specify if you use the ALL keyword when defi ning
2. Can you create a new fi legroup at the same time that you are creating a partition
Quick Check Answers
1. You can specify exactly one fi legroup when using the ALL keyword.
2. No. Any fi legroups that you specify in the CREATE PARTITION SCHEME
a partition scheme?
scheme?

1. Margies Travel wants to keep orders in their online transaction processing database
for a maximum of 30 days from the date an order is placed. The orders table contains
a column called OrderDate that contains the date an order was placed. How can the
DBAs at Margies Travel move orders that are older than 30 days from the orders
table with the least amount of impact on user transactions? (Choose two. Each answer
represents a part of the solution.)
is located in the Answers section at the end of the book.
Lesson 2: Creating a Partition Scheme CHAPTER 6 145
A. Use the SWITCH operator to move data partitions containing data that is older
than 30 days.
B. Create a stored procedure that deletes any orders that are older than 30 days.
C. Partition the order table using the partition function defi ned for a datetime data
type using the OrderDate column.
D. Create a job to delete orders that are older than 30 days.

(A,C)

1. What property must be set to use a computed column as a partitioning key?
2. Which clause of the CREATE TABLE or CREATE INDEX statements is used to
Quick Check Answers
1. A computed column must be PERSISTED.
2. The ON clause is used to specify the storage structure, fi legroup, or partition
scheme, for the table or index.

be accessible to users 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. The DBA team needs to load new
sets of data on a weekly basis to support business operations. Inserting large volumes
of data would affect users unacceptably. Which feature should be used to minimize the
impact while still handling the weekly data loads?
A. Transactional replication
B. The SWITCH operator within partitioning
C. Database mirroring
D. Database snapshots

(B)

1. What are the data formats that BCP supports and the command-line switches for
2. Which parameter do you specify to export data using a query?
3. The Import and Export Wizard is based on which feature of SQL Server?
4. Which sources and destinations is the Import and Export Wizard capable of using?

1.BCP can work with data in either a character or native format. The c switch
designates character mode while the n switch is used for native mode.
2. The queryout parameter is used to export the result set of a query.
3. The Import and Export Wizard uses a subset of the SSIS feature.
4. You can defi ne any source or destination for which you have an OLE DB provider.

1. You want to import data into the Orders table. The table has triggers and check
constraints that you want to be checked to guarantee integrity. You choose to use
the BCP utility and specify the -h CHECK_CONSTRAINTS, FIRE_TRIGGERS hint to
accomplish your task. Which of the following permissions must be in place?
A. SELECT permission on the Orders table
B. ALTER TABLE on the Orders table
C. INSERT permission on the Orders table
D. A member of the bulkadmin role

(A, C)

2. You are performing a migration on the Order database at Contoso from Oracle to SQL
Server. The Order database contains several hundred tables. The CustomerAddress
table has an XML column named AddressBook. What is the most effi cient, least
intrusive way to move the data to the new SQL Server database?
A. Move the Order database from Oracle to SQL Server using replication.
B. Unload the data using Oracle utilities and load the data into SQL Server using BCP.
C. Move the Order database using the Import and Export Wizard.
D. Move the data from Oracle to SQL Server using the OPENROWSET function.
(C)

BCP is a lightweight, command-line utility that allows you to import and export data.
The BCP utility is not designed to provide data transformation or error-handling
routines.
In addition to exporting the entire contents of a table or view, you can export the
results of a query by using the queryout argument for the BCP utility.
BULK INSERT is a T-SQL command you can use only to import data.
The Import and Export Wizard, based on a subset of SSIS, allows you to move data
directly between a source and destination without requiring the use of a fi le.


1. What are the fi ve objects that are used within Policy Based Management?
2. What are the allowed execution modes for a policy?
3. Which object has a property that allows you to mandate checking for all
4. How many facets can be checked within a single condition?
5. How many conditions can be checked within a single policy?
Quick Check Answers
1. The objects that are used with Policy Based Management are facets, conditions, policies, policy
targets, and policy categories.
2. The policy execution modes are On demand, On schedule, On change, Log only, and On change,
prevent.
3. Policy categories allow you to mandate checking of all databases within an instance.
4. A condition can be defi ned on only one facet.
5. A policy can check only a single condition.

1. You have defi ned several policies that you want applied to all databases within an
instance. How do you ensure that a database owner is not allowed to avoid the policy
check with the least amount of administrative effort?
A. Create a condition that checks all databases.
B. Add the policy to a user-defi ned policy category and set the Mandate property.
C. Add the policy to the default policy category.
D. Check the policies manually against the instance.
(C. The default category is confi gured with the Mandate property enabled. In
addition, you cannot disable the Mandate property.)

1. What are the four types of backups?
2. How can you detect and log corrupt pages?
Quick Check Answers
1. You can execute full, differential, transaction log, and fi le/fi legroup backups. A full backup is required
before you can create a differential or transaction log backup.
2. Execute ALTER DATABASE <database name>SET PAGE_VERIFY CHECKSUM.


Full backups are the starting point for every backup procedure and recovery process.
A full backup contains only the pages within the database that have been used.
Differential backups contain all pages that have changed since the last full backup and
are used to reduce the number of transaction log backups that need to be applied.
Transaction log backups contain all the changes that have occurred since the last
transaction log backup.
To execute a transaction log backup, the database must be in either the Full or
Bulk-logged recovery model, a full backup must have been executed, and the
transaction log must not have been truncated since the last full backup.
You can back up only the fi legroups that accept changes by using the READ_WRITE_
FILEGROUPS option of the BACKUP DATABASE command.

1. You are the database administrator for Fabrikam. The Orders database is critical
to company operations and is set to the Full recovery model. You are running full
backups daily at 1 A.M., differential backups every four hours beginning at 5 A.M., and
transaction log backups every fi ve minutes. If the Orders database were to become
damaged and go off-line, what is the fi rst step in the restore process?
A. Restore the most recent full backup with the NORECOVERY option.
B. Restore the most recent differential backup with the NORECOVERY option.
C. Back up the transaction log with the NO_TRUNCATE option.
D. Back up the transaction log with the TRUNCATE_ONLY option.
(C)

1. Which recovery model always allows you to restore to the point of failure so long as you can back up the tail
of the log?
2. What is the fi rst operation that should be performed for any restore operation?
Quick Check Answers
1. The Full recovery model.
2. Back up the tail of the log.

The fi rst step in any restore procedure is to back up the tail of the log.
A restore sequence begins with either a full, fi le, or fi legroup restore.
If you execute a restore with the NORECOVERY option, you can apply subsequent
differential and transaction log backups.
If you execute a restore with the RECOVERY option, the database is recovered and you
cannot restore any additional backups to the database.
You can specify the STANDBY option during a restore process if you need to read the
contents of the database while still being able to restore additional differential and
transaction log backups.
You can execute a transaction log backup so long as the transaction log fi le is intact,
even if all data fi les for the database are damaged.
A restore can continue past damage to backup media when you specify the
CONTINUE_PAST_ERRORS option. If errors are encountered, the database is left in
EMERGENCY mode following the restore.

EXAM TIP
You need to know that FILESTREAM is not compatible with Database Snapshots. Although
you can create a Database Snapshot against a database enabled for FILESTREAM, you
cannot use the Database Snapshot as a source for a RESTORE DATABASE operation.
1. Which two features are incompatible with Database Snapshots?
2. Prior to reverting a database using a Database Snapshot, what must you do?
Quick Check Answers
1. FILESTREAM and full text indexes
2. You must drop all Database Snapshots except the Database Snapshot being used as the source for the
RESTORE command.

1. A Database Snapshot can be created against which database? (Choose all that apply.
Each answer is a complete solution.)
A. master
B. A database with full text indexes
C. A database with FILESTREAM data
D. distribution

(B, C)