WORDS OF WISDOM

This group of 30 odd 'sophy' and 'sopher' words have in common an

etymological derivation from the Greek sophia, meaning 'wisdom'. They refer to
an odd group of systems of knowledge, esoteric doctrines, and philosophical
practices, most of which are obsolete or extremely rare, with philosophy being
the only maor exception. !ot "uite sciences or studies, nor are they isms, they
tend to refer to mystical or occult concepts rather than strictly religious or
scienti#c canons of knowledge.
Word Defnition
anthroposophy knowledge of the nature of humanity$ human wisdom
chirosophy knowledge of palm%reading
cosmosophy knowledge of the cosmos
deipnosophy learned dinner%conversation
demonosopher one who is inspired by a demon or devil
gastrosopher a person skilled in matters of eating
gymnosophy deep contemplation performed while naked
helicosophy geometry that deals with spirals
hypnosophy knowledge of phenomena relating to sleep
misosophy hatred of knowledge or wisdom
morosophy foolish pretence of wisdom
mysteriosophy system of knowledge concerning secrets and mysteries
neutrosophy study of the origin and nature of philosophical neutralities
ontosophy knowledge of being or existence
palaeosophy ancient learning or thought
pansophy universal knowledge
pantosophy universal knowledge$ pansophy
philosophy science of knowledge or wisdom
physiophilosophy system of knowledge concerning principles of natural history
physiosophy assumption of knowledge of nature
phytosophy knowledge of plants
pneumatophilosophy philosophy of spirits or the spirit world
pseudosophy pretension to wisdom
psilosophy shallow philosophy$ limited knowledge
psychosophy doctrine or theory of the soul
pyrosophy knowledge of the properties of #re
rhabdology knowledge or learning concerning divining rods
sciosophy system of knowledge without basis in science
theanthroposophy system of belief concerning &hrist as god and man
theosophy immediate divine illumination or wisdom
'oosophy knowledge or learning concerning animals
(
LOVE AND ATTRACTION
)hile this list might seem a bit ris"u* udging from its title, it's not as bad
+or good, as you might think. -ach of these ../ weird words contains the word
element 0phil0, from ancient Greek phileein to love, and so a 'philia' is a special
love, a1ection, attraction or preference for a certain type of thing. 2rom
aerophilately % a pastime practiced by few % to 'oophily % a pastime hopefully
practiced by few, but unfortunately not % if you're a logophile, you'll love this
list. 3ncidentally, since 0'oophily0 is regularly one of the 4hrontistery's top
keywords, a note to any aspiring 'oophilists5 There's nothing to see here6 Get
out6 7s for the rest of you, enoy6 To complement this list of philias, you may
also #nd my list of manias to be of interest.
Word Defnition
aerophilately collecting of air%mail stamps
ailurophilia love of cats
ammophilous sand%loving$ preferring to dwell in sand
anemophilous pollinated by wind
anglophilia love or fondness for -ngland or the -nglish
anthophilous loving or fre"uenting 8owers
apodysophilia feverish desire to undress
arctophily study of teddy bears
astrophile person interested in astronomy
audiophile one who loves accurately reproduced recorded sound
belonephilia sexual obsession with sharp obects
bibliophily love or fondness for books or reading
canophilia love or fondness for dogs
cartophily the hobby of collecting cigarette cards
chasmophilous fond of nooks, crevices and crannies
chiropterophilous pollinated or fre"uented by bats
chromophilous staining easily
chrysophilist gold%lover
clinophilia passion for beds
coprophilia abnormal love or fondness for feces
cynophilist one who loves dogs
dendrophilous fond of trees
discophile one who loves and studies sound recordings
electrophile substance having an a9nity for electrons or negative charge
entomophilous adapted for pollination by insects
ergophile one who loves work
-urophile one who loves -urope
2rancophile one who loves 2rance or the 2rench
Gallophile one who loves 2rance or the 2rench
geophilous living in or near the ground
Germanophilia love or fondness for Germany or the Germans
gerontophilia sexual attraction towards the elderly
3
gynotikolobomassophile one who nibbles on women:s earlobes
haemophilia hereditary disease causing excesssive bleeding
halophilous tolerant of salt or salt%water
heliophilous preferring or attracted to the sunlight
hippophile lover of horses
homophile one who prefers the company of the same sex$ a homosexual
hydrophilous loving or preferring water
hygrophilous preferring or living where there is an abundance of moisture
iconophilism a taste for pictures and symbols
apanophilia love or admiration for ;apan or the ;apanese
labeorphily collection and study of beer bottle labels
limnophilous living in ponds or marshes
lithophilous living among stones
logophile a lover of words
lygophilia love of darkness
lyophile easily dispersed in a suitable medium
malacophilous pollinated by snails
myrmecophilous having a symbiotic relationship with ants
necrophilia unusual love or sexual attraction for corpses
negrophile one who is sympathetic towards black people
nemophilist one who loves the woods
neophile one who loves novelty and trends
nitrophilous 8ourishing in or preferring locations with abundant nitrogen
notaphily collecting of bank%notes and che"ues
oenophile one who is fond of or loves wine
ombrophilous tolerant of large amounts of rainfall
ophiophilist snake%lover
ornithophilous pollinated by birds
paedophilia abnormal love or sexual attraction for children
palaeophile anti"uarian
paraphilia any abnormal sexual attraction
peristerophily pigeon%collecting
petrophilous living on or thriving in rocky areas
philalethist lover of truth
philately study of postage stamps
philhippic loving or admiring horses
phillumeny collecting of matchbox labels
philocaly love of beauty
philodemic fond of commoners or the lower classes
philogyny love of women
philomath lover of learning
philonoist one who seeks knowledge
philopornist lover of prostitutes
philotechnical devoted to the arts
philotherianism love of animals
philoxenia hospitality
photophilous preferring or thriving in lighted conditions
phytophilous fond of plants
pogonophile one who loves beards
/
psammophile sand%loving plant
psychrophilic thriving in cold temperatures
retrophilia love of things of the past
rheophile living or thriving in running water
rhi'ophilous growing or thriving on or near roots
<ussophile one who admires <ussia or the <ussians
sarcophilous fond of 8esh
sciophilous thriving in or loving shady conditions
scopophilia obtaining sexual pleasure from seeing things
=cotophilia admiration for =cotland or the =cots
scripophily collection of bond and share certi#cates
=inophile one who admires &hina or the &hinese
=lavophile one who admires the =lavs
spermophile member of family of seed%loving rodents
stegophilist one who climbs buildings for sport
stigmatophilia obsession with tattooing or branding
symphily living together for mutual bene#t
technophile one who is fond of technology
thalassophilous living in or fond of the sea
theophile one who loves or is loved by God
thermophilous preferring or thriving in high temperatures
timbrophily love or fondness for stamps$ stamp%collecting
tobaccophile one who loves tobacco
topophilia great love or a1ection for a particular place
toxophily love of archery$ archery$ study of archery
tropophilous 8ourishing in seasonal extremes of climate
turophile cheese lover
typhlophile one who is kind to the blind
xenophilia love of foreigners
xerophily adaptation to very dry conditions
xylophilous fond of wood$ living in or on wood
'oophilia loving or caring for animals$ bestiality
'oophily loving or caring for animals$ bestiality
>
MANIAS AND OBSESSIONS
=ometimes, when 3 look over what 3've created in the 4hrontistery, 3 start to
think 3'm more than a bit cra'y, and must be su1ering from verbomania. =till, 3
probably don't ofcially have any of the ./( manias or obsessions listed below.
=ome of these mania words represent clinical illnesses, while others are merely
facetious. They show the range of unusual and weird things with which one can
become obsessed. These words are the ones found in maor dictionaries$ no
doubt there are many others, given that, like phobias, manias are easy to form
by taking a root word from ?atin or Greek and a9xing the su9x 'mania'. 7lso
my word list of types of love and attraction or 'philias', some of which indicate
pathological attractions.
Word Defnition
ablutomania mania for washing oneself
aboulomania pathological indecisiveness
agromania intense desire to be in open spaces
andromania nymphomania
anglomania cra'e or obsession with -ngland and the -nglish
anthomania obsession with 8owers
aphrodisiomania abnormal sexual interest
arithmomania obsessive preoccupation with numbers
balletomania abnormal fondness for ballet
bibliomania cra'e for books or reading
bruxomania compulsion for grinding teeth
cacodemomania pathological belief that one is inhabited by an evil spirit
catapedamania obsession with umping from high places
chinamania obsession with collecting china
choreomania dancing mania or fren'y
clinomania excessive desire to stay in bed
copromania obsession with feces
cytheromania nymphomania
@
dacnomania obsession with killing
demonomania pathological belief that one is possessed by demons
dinomania mania for dancing
dipsomania abnormal craving for alcohol
discomania obsession for disco music
doramania obsession with owning furs
doromania obsession with giving gifts
drapetomania intense desire to run away from home
dromomania compulsive longing for travel
ecdemomania abnormal compulsion for wandering
egomania irrational self%centered attitude or self%worship
eleutheromania manic desire for freedom
empleomania mania for holding public o9ce
enosimania pathological belief that one has sinned
entheomania abnormal belief that one is divinely inspired
epomania cra'e for writing epics
ergasiomania excessive desire to work$ ergomania
ergomania excessive desire to work$ workaholism
erotomania abnormally powerful sex drive
etheromania craving for ether
ethnomania obsessive devotion to one's own people
eulogomania obsessive cra'e for eulogies
8agellomania abnormal enthusiasm for 8ogging
8orimania cra'e for 8owers
francomania cra'e or obsession with 2rance and the 2rench
gallomania cra'e or obsession with 2rance and the 2rench
gamomania obsession with issuing odd marriage proposals
A
Graecomania obsession with Greece and the Greeks
graphomania obsession with writing
gynaecomania abnormal sexual obsession with women
habromania insanity featuring cheerful delusions
hagiomania mania for sainthood
Bellenomania obsession with Greece and the Greeks$ Graecomania
hexametromania mania for writing in hexameter
hieromania pathological religious visions or delusions
hippomania obsession with horses
hydromania irrational craving for water
hylomania excessive tendency towards materialism
hypermania severe mania
hypomania minor mania
hysteromania nymphomania
iconomania obsession with icons or portraits
idolomania obsession or devotion to idols
infomania excessive devotion to accumulating facts
islomania cra'e or obsession for islands
3talomania obsession with 3taly or 3talians
kleptomania irrational predilection for stealing
klopemania kleptomania
logomania pathological lo"uacity
lypemania extreme pathological mournfulness
macromania delusion that obects are larger than natural si'e
megalomania abnormal tendency towards grand or grandiose behaviour
melomania cra'e for music
methomania morbid craving for alcohol
C
metromania insatiable desire for writing verse
micromania pathological self%deprecation or belief that one is very small
monomania abnormal obsession with a single thought or idea
morphinomania habitual craving or desire for morphine
musomania obsession with music
mythomania lying or exaggerating to an abnormal extent
narcomania uncontrollable craving for narcotics
necromania sexual obsession with dead bodies$ necrophilia
nosomania delusion of su1ering from a disease
nostomania abnormal desire to go back to familiar places
nymphomania excessive or cra'ed sexual desire
oenomania obsession or cra'e for wine
oligomania obsession with a few thoughts or ideas
oniomania mania for making purchases
onomamania mania for names
onomatomania irresistible desire to repeat certain words
onychotillomania compulsive picking at the #ngernails
opiomania craving for opium
opsomania abnormal love for one kind of food
orchidomania abnormal obsession with orchids
parousiamania obsession with the second coming of &hrist
pathomania moral insanity
peotillomania abnormal compulsion for pulling on the penis
phagomania excessive desire for food or eating
phaneromania habit of biting one:s nails
pharmacomania abnormal obsession with trying drugs
phonomania pathological tendency to murder
D
photomania pathological desire for light
phyllomania excessive or abnormal production of leaves
phytomania obsession with collecting plants
planomania abnormal desire to wander and disobey social norms
plutomania mania for money
polemomania mania for war
politicomania mania for politics
polkamania cra'e for polka dancing
polymania mania a1ecting several di1erent mental faculties
poriomania abnormal compulsion to wander
pornomania obsession with pornography
potichomania cra'e for imitating Eriental porcelain
potomania abnormal desire to drink alcohol
pseudomania irrational predilection for lying
pteridomania passion for ferns
pyromania cra'e for starting #res
rhinotillexomania compulsive nose picking
rinkomania obsession with skating
satyromania abnormally great male sexual desire$ satyriasis
scribbleomania obsession with scribbling
sebastomania religious insanity
sitiomania morbid aversion to food
sophomania delusion that one is incredibly intelligent
s"uandermania irrational propensity for spending money wastefully
stampomania obsession with stamp%collecting
syphilomania pathological belief that one is aFicted with syphilis
technomania cra'e for technology
.0
Teutomania obsession with Teutonic or German things
thanatomania belief that one has been a1ected by death magic, and resulting illness
theatromania cra'e for going to plays
theomania belief that one is a god
timbromania cra'e for stamp collecting
tomomania irrational predilection for performing surgery
toxicomania morbid craving for poisons
trichotillomania neurosis where patient pulls out own hair
tulipomania obsession with tulips
typhomania delirious state resulting from typhus fever
typomania cra'e for printing one:s lucubrations
uranomania obsession with the idea of divinity
verbomania cra'e for words
xenomania inordinate attachment to foreign things
'oomania insane fondness for animals
..
LATIN ADVERBS AND PREPOSITIONS
?ike most high schools in the late .DC0s, mine did not o1er courses in
?atin. 3 #nally got to take a full year of ?atin during my G.7., which was
marvelous, but 3'm certain that nobody receives the sort of classical education
that one might have #fty years ago. Then again, 3 suspect that 3'm part of that
tiny minority that actually would have pro#ted from such a course of study.
Gut enough of this biographical detail. This list contains @0 ?atin adverbs
+with some prepositions and conunctions hiding away too, that have found
their way into -nglish unchanged in form or meaning. Though some of them are
extraordinarily obscure, others are regularly found in academic papers, though
often abbreviated +ibidem H ibid.$ videlicet H vi'.,. 7nd, while some of these
terms have perfectly good 7nglo%=axon e"uivalents, others are due for
resuscitation. Try them on for si'e6
Word Defnition
alternatim alternately
ana in e"ual "uantities
bis twice$ in two places
circa about$ around
circiter about$ around
coram in the presence of$ before
divisim separately
ergo therefore$ hence
gradatim step by step
gratis without charge$ for free
gregatim in 8ocks
guttatim drop by drop
ibidem in the same place
idem the same word as mentioned before
imprimis in the #rst place
infra below$ later in a text
.(
interim meanwhile
item likewise$ also
iterum again$ afresh$ anew
ure by law
literatim letter for letter
pace contrary to the opinion of$ in respectful disagreement with
partim in part
passim everywhere$ dispersedly
per through$ according to$ by means or agency of
primo in the #rst place
pro in favour of$ for
proximo of next month
punctatim point for point
"ua in the capacity of
"uasi as if$ seemingly$ in a manner
"uatenus in the capacity of$ in so far as
"uoad with respect to$ as regards
"uondam former$ sometime$ formerly
scilicet to wit$ namely
secundum according to
secus otherwise
semper always
seriatim in succession$ one after another
sic thus
similiter in a similar manner
sine without
singillatim singly
.3
solus alone
sparsim here and there
statim immediately$ at once
stillatim drop by drop
subito at once$ immediately
supra above$ earlier in a text
syllabatim syllable by syllable
tanti worthwhile
tempore in the time of
ubi"ue everywhere
ultimo of last month
variorum including the notes of earlier scholars or editors
verbatim word for word
versus against$ in contrast to
vice in place of$ rather than
videlicet to wit$ namely
vulgo commonly$ popularly
ADJECTIVES OF RELATION
There are many terms which refer to a state of relating to or pertaining to a
certain thing or category of things. 3nstead of using a phrase such as
0pertaining to buttercups0, you can substitute the adective 0ranunculaceous0.
Ising the admittedly invented phrase 0adectives of relation0, 3 have compiled
C/( such terms below, making this topical list the largest in the 4hrontistery.
The list is highly incomplete, mostly because we use many of these words
every day without reali'ing that they are part of this larger category. Jake good
use of this rhematic list.
Word Defnition
./
abbatial of, like or pertaining to abbots or an abbey
abecedarian of, like or pertaining to the order of the alphabet$ rudimentary
abiectic of, like or pertaining to #r trees or #r sap
absinthial of, like or pertaining to wormwood$ bitter
abyssopelagic of, like or pertaining to the depths of the ocean
acarine of, like or pertaining to ticks or mites
accipitrine of, like or pertaining to falcons and hawks
acerate of, like or resembling a needle
acolouthic of, like or pertaining to an after%image or other after%sensation
acrologic of, like or pertaining to initials
addititious of, pertaining to or resulting from addition
adenoid of, like or pertaining to or like a gland
adipic of, like or pertaining to fatty substances
aeropleustic of, like or pertaining to aerial navigation
aeruginous of, like or pertaining to copper%rust or verdigris
aestival of, like or pertaining to summer
agonistic of, like or pertaining to or being aggressive or argumentative
agravic having no gravity$ pertaining to the condition of 'ero%gravity
agrestic of the #elds$ rural$ unpolished
alar of, like or pertaining to the wing or shoulder
alaudine of, like or pertaining to skylarks
alcine of, like or pertaining to elks$ of, like or pertaining to auks
aliphatic of, like or pertaining to fat or fats in general
alliaceous of, like or pertaining to garlic$ garlicky
alopecoid of or resembling a fox
alpestrine of, like or pertaining to alpine regions
alveolate of or like a honeycomb
alvine of the belly
.>
ampelidious of, like or pertaining to vines
amphiscian of, like or pertaining to torrid regions
amygdaloid almond%shaped$ of, like or pertaining to tonsils
amyloid containing or pertaining to starch$ starchy
anacardic of, like or pertaining to cashews
anaclastic refractive$ of, like or pertaining to refraction
anatine of, like or pertaining to ducks
anconoid of, like or pertaining to the elbow
ancoral of, shaped like or resembling an anchor
anguine of, like or pertaining to snakes
anopheline of, like or pertaining to malarial mos"uitoes
anserine of, like or pertaining to geese
apatetic of an animal's coloration or markings
apian of, like or pertaining to bees
apiarian of, like or pertaining to bees or beekeeping
apical of or at the apex
a"uiline of, like or pertaining to eagles$ hooked like an eagle's beak
araneidan of, like or pertaining to spiders
archididascalian of, like or pertaining to headmasters
architectonics of, like or pertaining to the arrangement of knowledge
areopagitic of, like or pertaining to tribunals or courts
arietine of, like or pertaining to rams
arval of, like or pertaining to ploughed land
asinine of, like or pertaining to asses$ stupid
aularian of, like or pertaining to a hall in a university
aurantiaceous of, like or pertaining or pertaining to oranges or orange trees
auricular of, like or pertaining to the ear$ spoken secretly
.@
aval of, like or pertaining to a grandparent
avian of, like or pertaining to birds
avicular of, like or pertaining to birds
avuncular like an uncle$ of, like or pertaining to uncles
baculine of, like or pertaining to the stick or cane$ of, like or pertaining to 8ogging
banausic materialistic$ merely mechanical$ pertaining to workshops
basial of, like or pertaining to kissing
bathyorographical of, like or pertaining to depth underwater or elevation above sea level
bathysmal of, like or pertaining to the depths of the ocean
batrachian of, like or pertaining to frogs or toads
bdelloid of, like or pertaining to leeches
benthic of, like or pertaining to the depths of the ocean
bibitory of, like or pertaining or pertaining to drinking
binaural of, pertaining to or heard by both ears
bisontine of, like or pertaining to bison
biverbal of, like or pertaining to two words$ having a double sense
blattoid of, like or pertaining to cockroaches
blennoid of or resembling mucus
blepharal of, like or pertaining to eyelids
bolar of, like or pertaining to clay
bombic of, like or pertaining to silkworms
bombycine of, like or pertaining to silk or cotton
bovine of, like or pertaining to cows
branchial of, like or pertaining to gills
brumal of, like or pertaining to winter
bubaline of, like or pertaining to bu1alo or antelopes
buccal of, like or pertaining to the mouth or cheek
.A
bucolic of, like or pertaining to the tending of cattle$ rustic$ rural
burgensic of, like or pertaining to a borough or its citi'ens
bursal of, like or pertaining to a state's revenues
buteonine of, like or pertaining to bu''ards
butyric of, like or pertaining to butter
caballine of, like or pertaining to or suited to a horse
cacuminal retro8ex, pertaining to a point, crown, top or peak
calycine of, like or pertaining to a cup or calyx
cameline of, like or pertaining to camels
campestral of, like or pertaining to the country$ pertaining to level ground
cancellarial of, like or pertaining to a chancellor
cancrine of, like or pertaining to crabs$ palindromic
canicular of, like or pertaining to the dog star
canine of, like or pertaining to dogs
cantative of, like or pertaining to singing
capitulary of, like or pertaining to a chapter of an organi'ation
capric having a goatlike smell$ of, like or pertaining to goats
caprifoliaceous of, like or pertaining to the honeysuckle plant
caprine of, like or pertaining to goats
carceral of, like or pertaining to prisons
cardinalitial of, like or pertaining to church cardinals
caricous of, like or pertaining to #gs
carious of, like or pertaining to dental cavities$ decayed
carneous 8eshy$ 8esh%coloured$ like or pertaining to 8esh
carni#cial of, like or pertaining to butchers or executioners
carpal of, like or pertaining to the wrist
castellar of, like or pertaining to a castle
.C
castral of or belonging to the camp
catalactic of, like or pertaining to exchange
catarrhine of, like or pertaining to Eld )orld Jonkeys
catenarian of, like or pertaining to chains
catoptric of, like or pertaining to re8ection or re8ected light
caudal of, like or pertaining to the tail
causidical of, like or pertaining to those who plead legal cases
cenatory of, like or pertaining to supper
centrobaric of, like or pertaining to the centre of gravity
cercopithecan of, like or pertaining to long%tailed monkeys
cervine of, pertaining to or resembling deer, elk or moose
cervisial of, like or pertaining or pertaining to beer
chelonian of, like or pertaining to tortoises or turtles
chiral of, like or pertaining to the hand or handedness
cholic of, like or pertaining to bile
chorepiscopal of, like or pertaining to an early local bishop
choreutic of, like or pertaining to a chorus
chrematistic of, like or pertaining to the pursuit of wealth or to business
chrestomathic of, like or pertaining to useful knowledge
chthonian of, like or pertaining to the earth or the underworld
cibarious of, like or pertaining to food$ useful for food
ciconine of, like or pertaining to storks
cinerary of, like or pertaining to ashes
clysmian of, like or pertaining to or caused by 8ood
cnemial of, like, or pertaining to the tibia +shin%bone,
cnidarian of, like, or pertaining to invertebrates such as elly#sh and anemones
coeliac of, like or pertaining to the abdomen
.D
colubrine like a snake$ cunning$ of, like or pertaining to snakes
columbaceous of, like or pertaining to doves or pigeons
columbine of or like a dove$ dove%coloured
compital of, like or pertaining to crossroads
conative of, like or pertaining to purposeful action or desire
connubial of, like or pertaining to marriage
coriaceous having a leathery appearance$ consisting, of, like or pertaining to leather
corvine crow%like$ of, like or pertaining to crows or ravens
cosmotellurian of, like or pertaining to both heaven and earth
costal of, like or pertaining to the ribs
cothurnal of, like or pertaining to tragedy
coticular of, like or pertaining to whetstones
creatic of, like or pertaining to 8esh
credal of, like or pertaining to a creed
crenitic of, like or pertaining to mineral springs
crepuscular of, like or pertaining to twilight
cretaceous of or resembling chalk$ of a whitish colour
crinal of or related to the hair
crotaline of, like or pertaining to rattlesnakes
crural of or belonging to the leg
cryptaesthetic of, like or pertaining to supranormal perception
cryptous of, like or pertaining to crypts
cuculine of, like or pertaining to cuckoos
cucurbitaceous of, like or pertaining to gourds
cupulate of, like or pertaining to a cup$ cup%shaped
cutaneous of or related to the skin
cynegetic of or related to hunting
(0
cyprinoid of, like or pertaining to carp
cypseline of, like or pertaining to swifts
decanal of, like or pertaining to a dean or deacon
decennoval of, like or pertaining to the number nineteen
decretal of, like or pertaining to a decree
delphine pertaining to the Kauphin of 2rance
delphinine of, like or pertaining to dolphins
demegoric of, like or pertaining to demagogues or demagogic speech
demogenic of, like or pertaining to membership by citi'enship rather than kinship
demotic of, like or pertaining to the common people
denary one of ten$ tenfold$ of, like or pertaining to group of ten
deontic of or relating to duty or obligation
deric of, like or pertaining to the skin
diaconal of, like or pertaining to a deacon
diacoustic of, like or pertaining to the refraction of sound
diadermic of, like or pertaining to the puncturing of the skin
dianoetic capable of, like or pertaining to thought
didascalic didactic$ pertaining to education or teaching
didelphine of, like or pertaining to opossums
didine of, like or pertaining to dodos
diluvial of, like or pertaining to 8oods$ especially mythical ones
dinic of, like or pertaining to vertigo or di''iness
discophoran of, like or pertaining to elly#shes
dista1 of, like or pertaining to the female branch of a family or women's work
dolabrate of, like or pertaining to axes or hatchets
domal of, like or pertaining to a house or dome
doxastic of, like or pertaining to opinion
(.
dromic of, like or pertaining to a racecourse
drupaceous of, like or pertaining to drupes or stone%fruits
duodenary of, like or pertaining to the number twelve
eburnean of or like ivory$ ivory%coloured
edacious voracious$ gluttonous$ pertaining to eating
edaphic of, like or pertaining to the soil
edentate toothless$ without teeth$ pertaining to aardvarks and sloths
elaphine of, like or belonging to a red deer$ of, of, like or pertaining to red deer
elapid of, like or pertaining to cobras
eleemosynary of, like or pertaining to charity or giving alms$ dependent on charity
elenctic of, like or pertaining to argument$ cross%examination or refuting
elephantine of, like or pertaining to elephants
empaestic of, like or pertaining to the art of embossing
emporeutic of, like or pertaining to trade
empyreal of, like or pertaining to heaven$ sublime$ skyward
emunctory conveying waste$ pertaining to nose%blowing
enteral of, pertaining to or within the intestine
entomical of, like or pertaining to insects
eoan of, like or pertaining to dawn
epedaphic of, like or pertaining to atmospheric conditions
epicedial of, like or pertaining to dirges or elegies
epichoric belonging or pertaining to a rural area
epistolary of, like or pertaining to letters
epithymetic of, like or pertaining to desire
epulary of, like or pertaining to ban"uets
e"uine of, like or pertaining to horses
eristic of, like or pertaining to controversy or argument
((
erotetic engaging in or pertaining to rhetorical "uestioning
estival of, like or pertaining to summer
ethmoid of or like a sieve
eupeptic of, like or pertaining to good digestion$ cheerful
eusuchian of, like or pertaining to alligators and crocodiles
excrementitial of, like or pertaining to excrement
falconine of, like or pertaining to falcons or hawks
familic pertaining to a family$ domestic
favonian of, like or pertaining to the west wind$ mild and favourable
feline of, like or pertaining to cats
fenestral of, like or pertaining to windows
ferial of, like or pertaining to holidays
#ctile capable of being moulded$ of, like or pertaining to pottery
#dicinal of, like or pertaining to stringed musical instruments
#guline of, like or pertaining to earthenware
#metic of, like or pertaining to dung
fodient of, like or pertaining to digging
foraneous of, like or pertaining to forums
forcipate of, like or pertaining to forceps
formic of, like or pertaining to ants
formicine of, like or pertaining to ants
fringillaceous of, like or pertaining to #nches
fringilline of, like or pertaining to #nches
frumentarious of, like or pertaining to corn
fulgural of, like or pertaining to lightning
fuliginous sooty$ dusky$ soot%coloured$ of or pertaining to soot
fuliguline of, like or pertaining to sea ducks
(3
fullonical of, like or pertaining or belonging to a fuller
fulmineous of, like or pertaining to thunder and lightning
funebral of, like or pertaining to a funeral
fungous of or like fungus$ soft$ spongy
funicular of, like or pertaining to a string or cable
furuncular of, like or pertaining to boils
gadoid of, resembling or pertaining to the cod
galactic of, like or pertaining to or obtained from milk
gallinaceous of or resembling pheasants and other domestic birds
geal of, like or pertaining or pertaining to the earth
gelastic of, like or pertaining to or provoking laughter
gemmeous of, like or pertaining to gems$ like a gem
genesic of, like or pertaining to procreation or the genitals
geocyclic of, like or pertaining to the rotation and revolution of the -arth
georgic of, like or pertaining to agricultural or rustic a1airs$ rural$ agrarian
geoselenic of, like or pertaining to both the -arth and the moon
geostrophic of, like or pertaining to de8ection due to e1ects of -arth's rotation
gerontogenous of, like or pertaining to the Eld )orld
gestatorial of, like or pertaining to carrying
gestic of, like or pertaining to gestures
glirine rodent%like$ of, like or pertaining to rodents
glottogonic of, like or pertaining to the origins of language
glyptic of, like or pertaining to carving or gem%engraving
gnathal of, like or pertaining to the aws
gnomic signifying general truth$ pertaining to aphorisms or proverbs
goetic of, like or pertaining to black magic
grallatory of, like or pertaining to wading birds
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gramineous of, like or pertaining to grass$ grassy
gravimetrical of, like or pertaining to measuring by weight
gregal of, like or pertaining to a 8ock
gremial intimate$ pertaining to the lap or bosom
gromatic of, like or pertaining to surveys or surveying
gruine of, like or pertaining to cranes or similar birds
habilatory of, like or pertaining to clothes or dressing
haemal of, like or pertaining to blood
halcyonine of, like or pertaining to king#shers
halibiotic of, like or pertaining to the entirety of life under the sea
halieutic of, like or pertaining to #shing
halolimnic of, like or pertaining to sea creatures who spend time in fresh water
haptic of, like or pertaining to the sense of touch
hebamic of, like or pertaining to the socratic method
hebetic of, like or pertaining to puberty
hederaceous of, like or pertaining to ivy
hepatic of, like or pertaining to or acting upon the liver
hephaestic of, like or pertaining to iron%working and blacksmiths
hermeneutic of, like or pertaining to the interpretation of passages
hermetic of, like or pertaining to sorcery or alchemy
herpetoid of, like or pertaining to snakes
hesternal of, like or pertaining to yesterday
hibernal of, like or pertaining to winter
hiemal of, like or pertaining to winter
hippiatric of, like or pertaining to the treatment of horses' diseases
hippic of, like or pertaining to horses
hippoid e"uine$ of, like or pertaining to horses
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hircine goat%like$ having a goatish smell$ of, like or pertaining to smelly goats
hirudine of, like or pertaining to leeches
hirudinean of, like or pertaining to leeches
hirundine of, like or pertaining to swallows
histrionic of, like or pertaining to the stage or actors
hodiernal of, like or pertaining to the present day
homarine of, like or pertaining to lobsters
homiletical of, like or pertaining to homilies
horal of, like or pertaining to hours$ hourly
horary of, like or pertaining to an hour$ continuing for an hour$ hourly
hordeaceous of, like or pertaining to barley
hortensial of, like or pertaining to gardens
hortulan of, like or pertaining to gardens
humoral of, like or pertaining to body 8uid
hyaloid of, like or pertaining to glass
hydric of, like or pertaining to an abundance of moisture
hyetal rainy$ of, like or pertaining to rainfall
hygeian of, like or pertaining to health$ healthy
hygric of, like or pertaining to water or moisture
hylobatine of, like or pertaining to gibbons
hymeneal of, like or pertaining to marriage
hypnagogic sleep%inducing$ pertaining to drowsiness or sleep
hypnoetic of, like or pertaining to unconscious logical thought
hypnopompic of, like or pertaining to period between sleep and wakefulness
hypothecary of, like or pertaining to mortgages
hystricine of, like or pertaining to porcupines
ibidine pertaining to the ibis
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ichneutic of, like or pertaining to a tracker or tracking
ichthyic of, resembling or pertaining to #sh
icterical of, like or pertaining to or su1ering from aundice
icterine of, like or pertaining to orioles and related birds
ictic
of, pertaining to, or caused by, a blow or stroke$ pertaining to metrical
stress
iliac of, like or pertaining to the loins
ilicic of, like or pertaining to holly
inescatory of, like or pertaining to baiting$ adapted to bait
inguinal of, like or pertaining to the groin
institorial of, like or pertaining to an agent or factor
intercrural within or pertaining to the area between the legs
interstitial of, like or pertaining to the space between things
ipecacuanhic of or relating to ipecac
iridaceous of, like, or pertaining to iris plants
iridal of or pertaining to the rainbow
iridic of, like or pertaining to the iris of the eye
ischiatic of or pertaining to the ischium or hip
islandic of or pertaining to an island
ixiodic of, like or pertaining to ticks
ecoral of, like or pertaining to the liver
entacular of, like or pertaining to breakfast
uglandaceous of, like or pertaining to walnuts
uncaceous of, like or pertaining to rushes
ural of, like or pertaining to the law
uratory of, like or pertaining to an oath
kerygmatic of, like or pertaining to preaching the Gospel
(A
lacertilian of, like or pertaining to li'ards
lacuscular of, like or pertaining to pools
lacustrine of, like or pertaining to lakes
laic of, like or pertaining to lay people rather than clergy
lamiaceous minty$ of, like or pertaining to the mint plant
laminary of, like or pertaining to thin plates or layer
lampyridine of, like or pertaining or pertaining to glow%worms or #re8ies
laniary of teeth or claws designed for tearing +canine teeth,
lapidarian of, like or pertaining to stones$ inscribed on stones
lardaceous of, like or pertaining to lard
larine of, like or pertaining to gulls
laroid of, like or pertaining to gulls
lavic of, like or pertaining to lava
legatine of, like or pertaining to a legate
lemurine of, like or pertaining to lemurs
leonine of, like or pertaining to lions
leonine of or like a lion$ rhyming last two or three syllables in a line
leporine of, like or pertaining to the hare
lienal of, like or pertaining to the spleen
limacine of, like or pertaining to slugs
limicoline living on a shore$ of, like or pertaining to wading birds
limnetic living in fresh water$ pertaining to fresh water
linaceous of, like or pertaining to 8ax
lingual of, like or pertaining to language, speech or the tongue
littoral of, like or pertaining to the shore of a body of water
lobar of, like or pertaining to a lobe
loimic of, like or pertaining to plagues
loranthaceous of, like or pertaining to the mistletoe
(C
lucernal of, like or pertaining to lamps
lumbricine of, like or pertaining to earthworms
lunisolar pertaining ointly to the moon and sun
lupanarian of, like or pertaining to a brothel
lupine of, like or pertaining to wolves
lupulic of, like or pertaining to hops
lutaceous of, like or pertaining to or comprised of mud
lutrine of, like or pertaining to otters
macropodine of, like or pertaining to kangaroos
magistral of, like or pertaining to a master or teacher
malar of, like or pertaining to the cheek
malvaceous of, like or pertaining to the mallow family of plants
manal of, like or pertaining to the hand
mandative of, like or pertaining to commands or leadership
mantic of, like or pertaining to divination$ prophetic$ divinely inspired
marmoreal of or like marble
materteral of or resembling an aunt
matinal of, like or pertaining to the morning
matrical of, like or pertaining to a womb or a matrix
matricular of, like or pertaining to a register
matriherital of, like or pertaining to inheritance along the female line
matripotestal of, like or pertaining to the power of mothers
matutinal of, like or pertaining to the morning$ happening early in the day
maxillary of, like or pertaining to a aw
medianic of, like or pertaining to spiritualists, mediums or prophets
megachiropteran of, like or pertaining to fruit bats
meleagrine of, like or pertaining to turkeys
(D
mellaginous of, like or pertaining to or resembling honey
membral of, like or pertaining to the limbs rather than the trunk
mensal of, like or pertaining to the dinner%table$ monthly
mental of, like or pertaining to the chin
meretricious
of, like or pertaining to prostitution$ super#cially attractive but lacking
value
metameric of, like or pertaining to serial division or segmentation of body
metopic of, like or pertaining to the forehead
milvine of, like or pertaining to kites and similar birds
mimetic imitative$ of, like or pertaining to mimicry
miothermic of, like or pertaining to temperature conditions of the present day
mnesic of, like or pertaining to memory
molendinar of, like or pertaining to a mill or miller
molinary of, like or pertaining to mills or grinding
morassic of, like or pertaining to a morass
morganatic of, like or pertaining to a marriage between those of une"ual rank
morphean of, like or pertaining to dreams
morphotic of, like or pertaining to formation or development
morsal of, like or pertaining to the cutting edge of a knife
mucopurulent of mucus and pus
mulciberian of, like or pertaining to metalworking
murine of, like or pertaining to mice and rats
musal of, like or pertaining to poetry or the Juses
muscicapine of, like or pertaining to 8ycatchers and related birds
muscid of, like or pertaining to house%8ies
muscoid of, like or pertaining to mosses$ moss%like
musteline of, like or pertaining to weasels, martens and badgers
30
mycteric of, like or pertaining to the nostrils
myelic of, like or pertaining to the spinal cord
myoxine of, like or pertaining to dormice
myrmecophagid of, like or pertaining to anteaters
myrmicine of, like or pertaining to ants
mystagogical of, like or pertaining to religious ritual initiation
nacreous of or resembling mother%of%pearl
narial of, like or pertaining to the nostrils
natalitial of, like or pertaining to a birthday
natricine of, like or pertaining to water%snakes
neanic of, like or pertaining to the adolescent period$ young
nectareal of or like nectar
nemaline of or like a thread
nemoral of a wood or grove
neoblastic of, like or pertaining to new growth
neophrastic of, like or pertaining to neologisms
nephric of, like or pertaining to the kidneys
nepionic of, like or pertaining to the embryonic period of development
nepotal of, like or pertaining to one's nephew
neurergic of, like or pertaining to the function or action of the nerves
niccolic made of, like or pertaining to nickel
nicotian of, like or pertaining to tobacco
nidatory of, like or pertaining to nests
nimonic of alloys used in high%temperature work
nobiliary of, like or pertaining to nobility
nosocomial of, like or pertaining to a hospital
novenary of, like or pertaining to the number nine
novercal of, like or pertaining to a stepmother
3.
noxal of, like or pertaining to wrongful inury by obect or animal of another
nucal of, like or pertaining to nuts
nuchal of, like or pertaining to the nape of the neck
numinous of, like or pertaining to a deity$ su1used with religious awe
nummary of, like or pertaining to coins or money
nundinal of, like or pertaining to a fair or market
nutricial of, like or pertaining to nurses
nychthemeral of, like or pertaining to a nychthemeron or (/%hour period
nymphean of, like or pertaining to a nymph
obitual of, like or pertaining to obituaries
obsidional of, like or pertaining to a siege
occipital of, like or pertaining to the back of the head
octonary of, like or pertaining to or consisting of eight things$ grouped in eights
oecodomic of, like or pertaining to architecture
oenopoetic of, like or pertaining to wine%making
olamic of or belonging to a vast period or eon
oleic of, like or pertaining to or derived from oil
oleraceous of the nature of a pot%herb$ for kitchen use$ edible
oligodynamic of, like or pertaining to the e1ect of small "uantities
olitory of, like or pertaining to kitchen vegetables
oneiric of, like or pertaining to dreams
onomastic of, like or pertaining to a name or signature
ontal of, like or pertaining to reality or existence
onymatic of, like or pertaining to names
ophic of, like or pertaining to serpents
ophidian of or like a snake
opisthosomal of, like or pertaining to posteriors
3(
optimate of the nobility or aristocracy
ordalian of, like or pertaining to an ordeal
orectic of, like or pertaining to appetite or desires
ornithic of, like or pertaining to birds
orobathymetric of, like or pertaining to map showing submerged heights and sea depths
oscheal of, like or pertaining to the scrotum
oscinine of, like or pertaining to song%birds
oscular of, like or pertaining to the mouth or to kissing
osteal of, like or pertaining to, or comprised of bone
ostracean of, like or pertaining to oysters
ostraceous of, like or pertaining to oysters
otarine of, like or pertaining to seals
otic of, like or pertaining to the ear
ovibovine of, like or pertaining to musk%oxen
ovine of, like or pertaining to sheep
pabulous of, like or pertaining to nourishment
paginal of, like or pertaining to pages or pagination
palladian of, like or pertaining to wisdom or learning
palmar of, like or pertaining to the palm
palpebral of, like or pertaining to the eyelid
paludal of, like or pertaining to marshes$ marshy$ malarial
panary of, like or pertaining to bread$ bread store
papaverous of, like or pertaining to poppies
papilionaceous of, like or pertaining to butter8ies
papuliferous pimply$ bearing or pertaining to pimples
parastatic of, like or pertaining to protective mimicry of animals
pardine of, like or pertaining to leopards
33
parietal of a wall or walls, especially anatomical walls
parine of, like or pertaining to titmouses
parthenian of, like or pertaining to virgins
pascual growing on land used for gra'ing$ of, like or pertaining to pastures
passerine of, like or pertaining to sparrows
patibulary of, like or pertaining to the gallows
patrial of, like or pertaining to one:s native land
pavonian of, like or pertaining to peacocks
pavonine of, like or pertaining to peacocks
pectinal of a comb$ comb%like
pectineal of the pubic bone
pecuniary of, like or pertaining to money$ consisting of money
pedalian of, like or pertaining to the foot or to metrical feet
pedary of, like or pertaining to walking or feet
pedicular of, like or pertaining to lice
pedological of, like or pertaining to soils
pelargic of, like or pertaining to storks
pendular of, like or pertaining to a pendulum
penial of, like or pertaining to the penis
perdicine of, like or pertaining to partridges
peristeronic of, like or pertaining to pigeons
petrean of, like or pertaining to or made of rock
phacochoerine of, like or pertaining to warthogs
phallic of, pertaining to or resembling a penis
phemic of, like or pertaining to speech
phenetic of, like or pertaining to classi#cation by phenotype
philomelian of, like or pertaining to nightingales
3/
philoprogenitive of, like or pertaining to instinctive love for o1spring
phocine of, like or pertaining to seals
phreatic of, like or pertaining to underground water supplying or wells
phrenic of or near the midri1
phthongal of, pertaining to, or consisting of a sound$ vocali'ed
phugoid of, like or pertaining to the longitudinal stability of aircraft
picares"ue of, like or pertaining or pertaining to rogues or roguish behaviour
picine of, like or pertaining to woodpeckers
piscatorial of, like or pertaining to #shing or #shers
piscine of, like or pertaining to #sh
planetesimal of, like or pertaining to asteroids or similar tiny celestial bodies
plantar of, like or pertaining to the sole of the foot
plaustral of, like or pertaining to a wagon
plebeian of the common people or vulgar classes
plenilunar of, like or pertaining to the full moon
pliothermic of, like or pertaining to periods of above%average temperatures
plumeopicean of tar and feathers
poaceous of, like or pertaining or pertaining to grass
podalic of, like or pertaining to feet
poliorcectic of, like or pertaining to siegecraft or besiegement
pomaceous of, like or pertaining to or consisting of apples
popliteal of, like or pertaining to the back of the knee
poral of, like or pertaining to pores
porcine of, like or pertaining to pigs$ swinish
potamic of, like or pertaining to rivers
praedial of, like or pertaining to or connected with the land or farming
prandial of, like or pertaining to dinner
3>
prebendal of, like or pertaining to stipends issued by a church
prenarial of, like or pertaining to or in front of the nostrils
preputial of, like or pertaining to the foreskin
presidial of, like or pertaining to a garrison
4riapean of, like or pertaining to male reproductive power$ phallic
pridian of, like or pertaining to yesterday
primitial of, like or pertaining to #rst fruits$ primeval
primogenous of, like or pertaining to the earliest or #rst developmental stage
procephalic of, like or pertaining to the front of the head
proctal of, like or pertaining to the anus or rectum
procyonine of, like or pertaining to raccoons
proethnic of, like or pertaining to primitive races
prosodic of, like or pertaining to versi#cation
prosopic of, like or pertaining to the face
psephitic of, like or pertaining to pebbles
psittacine of, like or pertaining to macaws, parakeets or parrots
psittacine of or like parrots
pteric of, like or pertaining to the wing or the shoulder
pteropine of, like or pertaining to 8ying foxes
puerperal of, like or pertaining to childbirth
pulicine of, like or pertaining to 8eas
pullastrine of, like or pertaining to pigeons
pulmonic of, like or pertaining to the lungs
pygal belonging to the rump end$ pertaining to the rump
pyretic of, pertaining to or for the cure of fevers
pyrrhic of, like or pertaining to the dance or to the foot
pyrrhuline of, like or pertaining to bull#nches
3@
"uadragesimal of, like or pertaining to ?ent$ lasting forty days
"uercine of, like or pertaining to oak trees
rabic of, like or pertaining to rabies
rachidian of or concerning the spine
rameal of, like or pertaining to branches
rangiferine of, like or pertaining to or like reindeer
ranine of, like or pertaining to or like frogs
ranunculaceous of, like or pertaining to buttercups
raptorial predacious$ of, like or pertaining to a bird of prey
ratite of, like or pertaining to 8ightless birds
reginal of, like or pertaining to a "ueen
regnal of a reign
renal of, like or pertaining to the kidneys
reptilian of, like or pertaining to reptiles
retiary of nets$ using nets as a weapon$ catching insects in webs
reticular of, like or pertaining to nets$ intricate
rhematic of words or verbs$ forming a word or words
rhinal of, like or pertaining to the nose
rhinocerotic of, like or pertaining to the rhinoceros
rhi'ic of the root of an e"uation
rhonchial of, like or pertaining to snoring
rictal of the gape$ of the corner of the mouth
riparian of or inhabiting a riverbank$ a riverside inhabitant
risible laughable
risorial of, like or pertaining to or causing laughter
roseaceous of the rose family$ roselike
rupicaprine of, like or pertaining to chamoises
3A
sacerdotal priestly$ pertaining to priestly interests
sanguineous bloody$ of, like or pertaining to blood$ blood%red
saporine of, like or pertaining to the sense of taste
sarcous of 8esh or muscle
sartorial of, like or pertaining to a tailor or tailored clothes
scabious of, like or pertaining to scabies or scabs
scacchic of, like or pertaining to chess
scarabaean of, like or pertaining to scarabs
schi'tic of, like or pertaining to or marked by splitting
schoenabatic of, like or pertaining to rope walking
sciatheric of, like or pertaining to measurement of time by shadows
sciatic of, like or pertaining to the hip
scincoid of or resembling a skink
scioptic of, like or pertaining to formation of images in darkrooms
sciurine of, like or pertaining to s"uirrels
sciuroid of, like or pertaining to s"uirrels or chipmunks
scolopacine of, like or pertaining to snipes
scorbutic of or su1ering from scurvy
scriptory by, in or pertaining to writing
scutal of, like or pertaining to shields
scytodepsic of, like or pertaining to tanning leather
sebaceous of or like tallow
selachian of, like or pertaining to sharks or rays
selenic of, like or pertaining to the moon
semic of, like or pertaining to a sign or signs
septentrional northern$ of, like or pertaining to the north
septimal of, like or pertaining to or based on the number seven
3C
seral of, like or pertaining to the development of ecological communities
serous of, like or pertaining to serum$ watery
serpentine of, like or pertaining to serpents or snakes
shrieval of, like or pertaining to a sheri1
sialic of, like or pertaining to saliva
sidereal of, like or pertaining to the stars
sigillary of, like or pertaining to a seal
simian of, like or pertaining to apes
sinal of, like or pertaining to the sinuses
siphonic of, like or pertaining to a siphon
skelic of, like or pertaining to the skeleton
soliterraneous of, like or pertaining to the oint e1ect of the sun and earth
somnial of, like or pertaining to dreams
sophianic of, like or pertaining to wisdom
soricine of, like or pertaining to shrews
soricine shrewlike$ of, like or pertaining to shrews
sororal of, like or pertaining to sisters
soterial of, like or pertaining to salvation
spatiotemporal of, like or pertaining to time and space
speluncar of, like or pertaining to caves
spermatic of, like or pertaining to sperm
sphecoid wasp%like
sphingal of, like or pertaining to sphinxes
sphragistic of, like or pertaining to seals and signets
sphygmic of, like or pertaining to the pulse or heartbeat
spintrian of, like or pertaining to orgies or male sexual deviance
splenic of, like or pertaining to the spleen
3D
s"ualoid of, like or pertaining to sharks
stadial of, like or pertaining to a stage
statuary of, pertaining to or suitable for sculpture
stercoraceous of, like or pertaining to feces
steric of, like or pertaining to the organi'ation of atoms in a molecule
ster"uilinian of, like or pertaining to a dunghill
stibial of, like or pertaining to antimony
stochastic of, like or pertaining to a se"uence of random events
stradometrical of, like or pertaining to the measurement of streets and roads
stratonic of an army or armies
strigine owl%like$ of, like or pertaining to owls
struthious of, like or pertaining to ostriches
stylogalmaic of, like or pertaining to #gures serving as columns or pillars
suberic of or pertaining to cork
suberous of, like or having the appearance of cork$ pertaining to cork
suburbicarian of, like or pertaining to suburbs
succinic of, pertaining to or derived from amber
suidian of, like or pertaining to pigs
suilline of, like or pertaining to hogs
suilline like a pig$ of, like or pertaining to pigs
sulcal of a sulcus$ grooved$ furrowed
sulphorous of, like or pertaining to hell#re$ infernal$ blasphemous
sumptuary of, like or pertaining to expense or extravagance
superciliary of, on or near the eyebrow
sural of, like or pertaining to the calf of the leg
sur#cial of, like or pertaining to the surface of the earth
surnominal of, like or pertaining to surnames
/0
sutorian of, like or pertaining to cobbling or sewing
sybotic of, like or pertaining to a swineherd
sylvestral of, like or pertaining to trees
synodical of, like or pertaining to conunction
syringadenous of, like or pertaining to sweat glands
syrtic of, like or pertaining to "uicksand
tabernacular of, like or pertaining to a tabernacle
tactual of, like or pertaining to or derived from the sense of touch
talaric of, like or pertaining to or reaching the ankles
taurean of, like or pertaining to a bull
taurine of, like or pertaining to bulls
taxaceous of, like or pertaining to yew trees
technolithic of, like or pertaining to stone tools
tectonic of, like or pertaining to building$ structural
tegmental of, like or pertaining to coverings or outer shells
tegular of, like or overlapping like tiles or slates
telestic of, like or pertaining to the mysteries
tellural of, like or pertaining to the earth
telodynamic of, like or pertaining to transmission of power to a distance
tergal of, like or pertaining to the back
terpsichorean of, like or pertaining to dancing
terraneous of, like or pertaining to the earth
terrene of the earth$ earthly$ worldly$ mundane
tesserarian of, like or pertaining to dice games
testaceous of or having a hard shell$ brick%red
testudinal of, like or pertaining to tortoises or tortoise%shell
textorial of, like or pertaining to weaving
/.
textrine of, like or pertaining to weaving
thelematic of, like or pertaining to will or volition$ voluntary
theriacal of, like or pertaining to antidotes
thermic of, like or pertaining to heat
thermonous of, like or pertaining to stimulation by heat
theroid of, like or pertaining to a beast or wild animal
thesaurarial of or pertaining to the o9ce of a treasurer
thesial of, like or pertaining to a thesis
thionic of, like or pertaining to or containing sulphur
threptic of, like or pertaining to the rearing of young
thronal of, like or pertaining to a throne
tigrine of, like or pertaining to tigers
tinctorial of, like or pertaining to dyeing$ giving colour
tolypeutine of, like or pertaining to armadillos
tonetic of, like or pertaining to tonal pronunciation or languages
tonsorial of, like or pertaining to a barber or a barber:s work
toponomastic of, like or pertaining to place names
torrentine of, like or pertaining to a torrent$ having the character of a torrent
toxophilite lover of archery$ an archer$ of, like or pertaining to archery
tribunitial of, like or pertaining to a tribune
tributorian of, like or pertaining to tribute or payment
tringoid of, like or pertaining to sandpipers
trochilic of, like or pertaining to rotatory motion
trochilidine of, like or pertaining to hummingbirds
trochiline of, like or pertaining to hummingbirds
troglodytine of, like or pertaining to wrens
truttaceous of, like or pertaining to trout
/(
turdine of, like or pertaining to thrushes
turdine of, like or pertaining to thrushes
turrical of, like or pertaining to a tower or turret$ like a turret
tussicular of, like or pertaining to coughs
typographia matter pertaining to printing or printers
tyroid resembling cheese$ cheesy
uletic of, like or pertaining to the gums
ulmaceous of or like elms
umbilical of, like or pertaining to the navel$ related on the mother's side
uncial of, like or pertaining to an inch or an ounce
ungual of a claw, hoof, or talon$ clawed
unguentary of, like or pertaining to unguents$ one who makes or sells unguents
uranic of the palate
uretic of, like or pertaining to urine
ursine of, like or pertaining to bears
urticaceous of, like or pertaining to nettles
uxorial of, like or pertaining to a wife
vaccine of, like or pertaining to cows$ preparation conferring immunity to disease
vadose of, like or pertaining to underground water above the water table
valetudinarian of, like or pertaining to ill%health$ anxious about health
vapulatory of, like or pertaining to 8ogging
varietal of, like or pertaining to a variety
vascular of, like or pertaining to 8uid%carrying vessels
vectigal of, like or pertaining to the paying of tribute or rent
velamentous of, like or pertaining to or like a membrane or sail
venatic of, like or pertaining to hunting
venous of, like or pertaining to veins
/3
ventral of, like or pertaining to the underside or the belly
vermicular of, like or pertaining to worms
vernal of, like or pertaining to spring
versicular of or in verse
vertiginous of, like or pertaining to vertigo$ di''y$ giddy
vesical of, like or pertaining to the bladder
vespal of, like or pertaining to wasps
vespertinal of, like or pertaining to the evening
vespine of, like or pertaining to hornets or wasps
vestiary robing%room$ cloakroom$ of, like or pertaining to clothes
vexillary standard%bearer$ pertaining to regimental colours or 8ags
viatical of, like or pertaining to roads or travel
vibronic of or caused by electronic vibration
vicarial of, like or pertaining to a vicar or delegate
villar of, like or pertaining to a manor or village
villatic rural$ of, like or pertaining to a villa
vinal of or due to wine
vindemial of, like or pertaining to the vintage
vineatic of, like or pertaining to vines
vinous like wine$ pertaining to wine$ wine%coloured
viperine of, like or pertaining to vipers
viperous of, like, or pertaining to vipers$ treacherous$ venomous
visceral of the organs of the body
visile of, like or pertaining to sight$ learning easily by sight
visive of, like or pertaining to sight$ visual$ able to see or be seen
vitular of, like or pertaining to a calf or to calving
vituline of, like or pertaining to calves or veal
//
viverrine of, like or pertaining to civets and mongoose
viverrine of, like or pertaining to the civet
vocabularian of, like or pertaining to vocabulary
vocicultural of, like or pertaining to voice training
volar of, like or pertaining to the palm or the sole$ of, like or pertaining to 8ight
volitive of, like or pertaining to the will
volucrine of, like or pertaining to birds$ bird%like
voluminal of, like or pertaining to volume or cubic capacity
voraginous of, like or pertaining to a whirlpool$ voracious
vortical of, like or pertaining to a vortex$ whirling
vulpecular of, like or pertaining to a young fox
vulpine of, like or pertaining to foxes$ cunning
vulturine rapacious$ of, like or pertaining to a vulture
vulvar of, like or pertaining to or resembling the vulva
xilinous of, like or pertaining to cotton
xylary of, like or pertaining to xylem
yogic of or pertaining to yoga
'ebrine of, like or pertaining to 'ebras
'ibeline of, like or pertaining to the sable
'incic of, pertaining to or containing 'inc
'irconic of or pertaining to 'irconium
'oic of, like or pertaining to animals$ containing evidence of life
'onal of or like a 'one$ arranged in 'ones
'onarious of or pertaining to a girdle or purse
'onary of or like a 'one$ arranged in 'ones
'oochorous of seeds or spores spread by animals
'oonic of, like or pertaining to or derived from animals
/>
'ygal formed like the letter B$ of, like or pertaining to a yoke or union
'ymic of, like or pertaining to fermentation
'ymotic of, like or pertaining to fermentation
FORMS OF GOVERNMENT
3t has been suggested that every government which has ever existed has
been a prime example of kakistocracy, or the rule of the worst, but this list of
.@D di1erent types of government suggests that that might be a bit too
simplistic. -ach of the following words indicates a form of government or type
of leadership by a certain kind of person or institution. -veryone seems to want
to get in on this rulership gig, from saints and mothers to beggars and
prostitutes +hmm ...,. -tymologically%minded folks should note the di1erence
between the su9x 'archy', meaning 'rulership', and 'cracy', meaning 'power',
which both come from Greek roots. This fact, of course, should suggest to any
reasonable%minded person that the Greek people are inherently more #t to rule
than all other groups. ;ust a theory, mind you ...
Word Defnition
acracy government by none$ anarchy
adhocracy government in an unstructured fashion$ an unstructured organi'ation
albocracy government by white people
anarchy government by none
androcracy government by men
anemocracy government by the wind or by whim
angelocracy government by angels
antarchy opposition to government$ anarchy
argentocracy government by money
aristarchy government by the best
aristocracy government by the nobility
arithmocracy government by simple maority
/@
autarchy government by an absolute ruler
autocracy government by one individual
barbarocracy government by barbarians
beerocracy government by brewers or brewing interests
bestiocracy rule by beasts
biarchy government by two people$ diarchy
binarchy government by two people$ diarchy
bureaucracy government by civil servants
cannonarchy government by superior #repower or by cannons
capelocracy government by shopkeepers
chiliarchy government by one thousand people
chirocracy government by physical force
chromatocracy government by rulers of a particular skin colour
chrysoaristocracy government by the wealthy$ plutocracy
chrysocracy government by the wealthy$ plutocracy
corpocracy government by corporate bureaucrats
cosmarchy rulership over the entire world, esp. by the devil
cottonocracy government by those involved in the cotton trade
cryptarchy secret rulership
decadarchy government by ten individuals$ decarchy
decarchy government by ten individuals
demarchy government by the people$ popular government
democracy government by the people
demonarchy government by a demon
demonocracy government by demons or evil forces
despotocracy government by despots or tyrants
diabolocracy government by the Kevil
diarchy government by two people
/A
dinarchy government by two people$ diarchy
dodecarchy government by twelve people
doulocracy government by slaves
duarchy government by two people$ diarchy
dulocracy government by slaves$ doulocracy
dyarchy government by two people$ diarchy
ecclesiarchy government by clerics or ecclesiastical authorities
endarchy centralised government
ergatocracy government by the workers or the working class
ethnarchy government over an ethnic group
ethnocracy government by an ethnic group or race
exarchy government by bishops
foolocracy government by fools
gerontocracy government by the aged
gunarchy government by women$ gynarchy
gymnasiarchy government over a school or academy
gynaecocracy government by women$ gynarchy
gynarchy government by women
gynocracy government by women$ gynarchy
hagiarchy government by saints or holy persons
hagiocracy government by holy men
hamarchy government by a cooperative body of parts
hecatarchy government by one hundred people$ hecatontarchy
hecatontarchy government by one hundred people
hendecarchy government by eleven people
heptarchy government by seven people
heroarchy government by heroes
/C
hetaerocracy government by paramours
heterarchy government by a foreign ruler
hierarchy government by a ranked body$ government by priests
hierocracy government by priests or religious ministers
hipparchy rule or control of horses
hoplarchy government by the military
hyperanarchy condition of extreme anarchy
hyperarchy excessive government
iatrarchy government by physicians
idiocracy personal rule$ self%rule
infantocracy government by an infant
isocracy e"ual political power
esuitocracy government by ;esuits
untocracy government by a unta
kakistocracy government by the worst
kleptocracy government by thieves
kritarchy government by udges
landocracy government by the propertied class$ timocracy
logocracy government of words
matriarchy government by women or mothers
meritocracy government by the meritorious
merocracy government by a part of the citi'enry
mesocracy government by the middle classes
metrocracy government by mothers or women$ matriarchy
millionocracy government by millionaires
millocracy government by mill owners
mobocracy government by mobs or crowds
/D
monarchy government by one individual
moneyocracy government by the monied classes
monocracy government by one individual
myriarchy government by ten thousand individuals
narcokleptocracy government by those who pro#t from trade in illegal drugs
navarchy rulership over the seas
neocracy government by new or inexperienced rulers
nomocracy government based on legal system$ rule of law
ochlocracy government by mobs
octarchy government by eight people
oligarchy government by the few
paedarchy government by children
paedocracy government by children$ paedarchy
panarchy universal rule or dominion
pantarchy government by all the people$ world government
pantisocracy government by all e"ually
paparchy government by the pope
papyrocracy government by newspapers or literature
parsonarchy government by parsons
partocracy government by a single unopposed political party
patriarchy government by men or fathers
pedantocracy government by pedants or strict rule%bound scholars
pentarchy government by #ve individuals
phallocracy government by men
philosophocracy government by philosophers
phylarchy government by a speci#c class or tribe
physiocracy government according to natural laws or principles
>0
pigmentocracy government by those of one skin colour
plantocracy government by plantation owners
plousiocracy government by the wealthy$ plutocracy
plutarchy government by the wealthy$ plutocracy
plutocracy government by the wealthy
polarchy government by many people$ polyarchy
policeocracy government by police
pollarchy government by the multitude or a mob$ ochlocracy
polyarchy government by many people
polycracy government by many rulers$ polyarchy
popocracy government by populists
pornocracy government by harlots
prophetocracy government by a prophet
psephocracy government resulting from election by ballot
ptochocracy government by beggars or paupers$ wholesale pauperi'ation
punditocracy government by political pundits
"uangocracy rule of "uasi%autonomous non%governmental organi'ations
rotocracy government by those who control rotten boroughs
septarchy government by seven rulers$ heptarchy
shopocracy government by shopkeepers
slavocracy government by slave%owners
snobocracy government by snobs
sociocracy government by society as a whole
s"uarsonocracy government by landholding clergymen
s"uatterarchy government by s"uatters$ s"uattocracy
s"uattocracy government by s"uatters
s"uirearchy government by s"uires
>.
s"uirocracy government by s"uires$ s"uirearchy
statocracy government by the state alone, without ecclesiastical in8uence
stratarchy rulership over an army
stratocracy military rule or despotism
strumpetocracy government by strumpets
synarchy oint sovereignty
technocracy government by technical experts
tetradarchy government by four people$ tetrarchy
tetrarchy government by four people
thalassiarchy sovereignty of the seas$ thalassocracy
thalassocracy sovereignty of the seas
thearchy rule by a god or gods$ body of divine rulers
theatrocracy goverment by gathered assemblies of citi'ens
theocracy government by priests or by religious law
timarchy government by the propertied class$ timocracy
timocracy government by the propertied class
triarchy government by three people
tritarchy government by three people$ triarchy
tritheocracy government by three gods
whiggarchy government by )higs
xenocracy government by a body of foreigners
FORMS OF WORSHIP
This list of @0 words refers to forms of worship % not speci#c religions or
belief systems, but rather terms that denote a speci#c obect of worship, be it
saints, snakes or whatever. <elated word lists you might want to check out are
those for philosophical 'isms' and ecclesiastical terms. The words in this list
mostly end in 0%latry0, from the Greek latreuein, to worship. )hile my wife
>(
might obect, it is clear that my own reverence for words makes me a
grammatolater. 3 suspect that this list may be rather incomplete, since people
worship all kinds of cra'y things these days.
Word Defnition
aischrolatry worship of #lth, dirt, or smut
allotheism belief in or worship of strange gods
angelolatry worship of or belief in angels
anthropolatry worship of human beings
arborolatry worship of trees
archaeolatry worship of archaic things or old customs
astrolatry worship of stars
autolatry self%worship
bardolatry excessive devotion to or worship of =hakespeare
bibliolatry worship of the Gible or other books
&hristolatry worship of &hrist
cosmolatry worship of the world
cynolatry worship of dogs
demonolatry worship of or devotion to demons
dendrolatry worship of trees
ecclesiolatry excessive devotion to church tradition and form
epeolatry worship of words
episcopolatry worship of bishops
gamidolatry worship of marriage
gastrolatry gluttony$ excessive love of food
geolatry earth%worship
grammatolatry worship of letters and words
gyniolatry deep respect or devotion for women
hagiolatry worship or reverence for saints
heliolatry sun worship
>3
hierolatry worship of saints or sacred things
hygeiolatry excessive devotion to health
ichthyolatry the worship of #sh
iconolatry image%worship
ideolatry worship of ideas
idiolatry self%worship$ egotism
idolatry worship of idols
ignicolist #re%worshipper
litholatry stone%worship
lordolatry worship of nobility
Jariolatry worship of the virgin mother
martyrolatry excessive devotion to martyrs
mechanolatry worship of machines
monolatry worship of one god without excluding belief in others
necrolatry worship of the dead
neolatry worship of novelty
onolatry worship of asses or donkeys
ophiolatry worship of snakes
ophism snake%worship
pandemonism worship of spirits dwelling in all forms of nature
parthenolatry worship of the Lirgin Jary
patriolatry excessive devotion or worship of one's native country
physiolatry nature%worship
planetolatry worship of the planets
plutolatry worship of wealth
poetolatry worship of poets
pseudolatry false worship
>/
pyrolatry #re%worship
selenolatry worship of the moon
statolatry worship of the state
staurolatry worship of the cross or cruci#x
symbolatry undue worship of symbols
thaumatolatry worship of miracles or wonders
theriolatry animal%worship
'oolatry excessive devotion to animals or pets
PHOBIAS
This is a list that has been stewing on my hard drive for several years,
de#ning .3@ phobias, irrational or pathological fears of various things. The
reason 3've resisted is that someone else has done a far more thorough ob than
3 could ever do, over at The 4hobia ?ist, where around >30 phobias are listed.
Bowever, so many people over the years have asked for a 4hrontistery phobia
list that 3've #nally capitulated. )hile the 4hobia ?ist includes phobias used in
medical papers or other printed sources, but not in a maor reference
dictionary, 3 strongly recommend it to those interested in phobias. !ET-5 3 am
not an expert on phobias or mental illness. Jy interest in phobias is strictly
limited to words.
Word Defnition
acarophobia fear of itching or of insects causing itching
acrophobia fear of heights
aerophobia fear of 8ying or draughts
agoraphobia fear of open spaces
agyiophobia fear of crossing busy streets
>>
aichmophobia fear of sharp or pointed obects
ailurophobia fear of cats
algophobia fear of pain
amathophobia fear of dust
amaxophobia fear of riding in a car
ambulophobia fear of walking
anglophobia fear of -ngland or the -nglish
anthrophobia fear of humans
anuptaphobia fear of staying single
a"uaphobia fear of water
arachibutyrophobia fear of peanut butter sticking to roof of mouth
arachnophobia fear of spiders
astraphobia fear of being struck by lightning
astrapophobia fear of thunder and lightning
automysophobia fear of being dirty
autophobia fear of solitude
ballistophobia fear of missiles
bathophobia fear of falling from a high place
batophobia fear of heights or being close to tall buildings
batrachophobia fear of frogs and toads
belonephobia fear of pins and needles
bibliophobia fear of books
blennophobia fear of slime
brontophobia fear of thunder and lightning
cancerophobia fear of cancer
cathisophobia fear of sitting
cenophobia fear of empty spaces
chrematophobia fear of money
>@
cibophobia fear of or distaste for food
claustrophobia fear of closed spaces
climacophobia fear of falling down stairs
clinophobia fear of staying in bed
cremnophobia fear of cli1s and precipices
cyberphobia fear of computers
cynophobia fear of dogs
dromophobia fear of crossing streets
dysmorphophobia fear of physical deformities
ecophobia fear of home
eleutherophobia fear of freedom
eosophobia fear of dawn
ergasiophobia fear of work
ergophobia fear of work
erotophobia fear of sex
erythrophobia fear of red lights or of blushing
euphobia fear of good news
2rancophobia fear of 2rance or the 2rench
gallophobia fear of 2rance or the 2rench
gamophobia fear of marriage
geniophobia fear of chins
genophobia fear of sex
gerascophobia fear of growing old
graphophobia fear of writing
gymnophobia fear of nudity
heliophobia fear of sunlight
herpetophobia fear of snakes
>A
hierophobia fear of sacred things
homichlophobia fear of fog
homophobia fear of homosexuals
hydrophobia fear of water
hypsophobia fear of high places
iatrophobia fear of going to the doctor
iconophobia fear or hatred of images
kainotophobia fear of change
kakorrhaphiophobia fear of failure
kenophobia fear of empty spaces
ligyrophobia fear of loud noises
linonophobia fear of string
lygophobia fear of darkness
lyssophobia fear of hydrophobia
macrophobia fear of prolonged waiting
metrophobia fear of poetry
monophobia fear of being alone
muriphobia fear of mice
myophobia fear of mice
mysophobia fear of contamination or dirt
nebulaphobia fear of fog
necrophobia fear of corpses
negrophobia fear of blacks
neophobia fear of novelty
nosophobia fear of disease
novercaphobia fear of one's stepmother
nyctophobia fear of the night or darkness
>C
ochlophobia fear of crowds
oenophobia fear or hatred of wine
ombrophobia fear of rain
onomatophobia fear of hearing a certain word
ophidiophobia fear of snakes
ophthalmophobia fear of being stared at
optophobia fear of opening one:s eyes
ornithophobia fear of birds
paedophobia fear of children$ fear of dolls
panophobia melancholia marked by groundless fears
pantophobia fear of everything
parthophobia fear of virgins
pathophobia fear of disease
pediculophobia fear of lice
pentheraphobia fear or hatred of one:s mother%in%law
phagophobia fear of eating
phengophobia fear of daylight
phonophobia fear of noise or of speaking aloud
photophobia fear of light
pogonophobia fear of beards
psychrophobia fear of the cold
pteronophobia fear of being tickled by feathers
pyrophobia fear of #re
<ussophobia fear of <ussia or <ussians
satanophobia fear of the devil
sciaphobia fear of shadows
scopophobia fear of being looked at
>D
scoptophobia fear of being looked at
scotophobia fear of the dark
sitiophobia fear of food
sitophobia fear of food or eating
spectrophobia fear of looking in a mirror
symmetrophobia fear of symmetry
syphilophobia fear of syphilis
taphephobia fear of being buried alive
technophobia fear of technology
thalassophobia fear of the sea
thanatophobia fear of death
theophobia fear of God
tocophobia fear of pregnancy or childbirth
tonitrophobia fear of thunder
topophobia fear of performing$ fear of certain places
toxicophobia fear of poisoning
toxiphobia fear of poison or being poisoned
triskaidekaphobia fear of the number thirteen
uranophobia fear of heaven
xenophobia fear of foreigners
'elophobia fear of ealousy
'oophobia fear of animals
NONSENSE WORDS
This is a rather unusual glossary in that all of the words on the list are
essentially synonymous % they are nouns meaning nonsense, gibberish,
claptrap, hogwash, rubbish ... you get the idea. 3t probably shouldn't be
@0
surprising that this category is so productive of weird words. 7fter all, what
better way to disparage someone's ideas than to combine some nonsense
syllables to make a descriptor for themM Nou more or less always can identify
their meaning from context alone % either they're used as interections,
preceded by words like 'such' or 'unadulterated' or 'ridiculous'. Gut which to
chooseM Nou have the reduplicated ones +#ddle%faddle,, the pseudo%classical
+brimborion,, the ones that literally mean something repulsive +spinach,, and of
course the wide variety that are euphemisms for bodily functions. -xcluded
from this list are the wide variety of very fun terms that are simple vulgarities
without any speci#c reference to nonsense.
Word Defnition
ackamarackus pretentious or deceptive nonsense
baboonery foolishness$ stupidity$ nonsense
balderdash nonsense$ a umble of words
ballyhoo bombastic or pretentious nonsense
baloney humbug$ nonsense
bambosh deceptive nonsense
bilge lower point of inner hull of a ship$ nonsense or rubbish
blague humbug$ pretentious nonsense
blague pretentious nonsense
blarney skilful 8attery$ nonsense
bletherskate a garrulous talker of nonsense
brimborion worthless nonsense$ trash
bugaboo loud or empty nonsense
buncombe speech%making intended for the mass media$ humbug
bunk nonsense$ humbug
bushwa nonsense
cack rubbish$ worthless nonsense
claptrap showy language designed to gain praise$ nonsense
clatfart idle chatter$ nonsense
@.
codswallop something utterly senseless$ nonsense
e1utiation twaddle$ humbug
eyewash humbug$ something done merely for e1ect
fadoodle nonsense
falderal nonsense$ meaningless refrain of a song
fandangle pretentious tomfoolery
#ddlededee nonsense
#ddle%faddle tri8ing talk
8am humbug$ trickery
8annel ostentatious nonsense
8apdoodle gross 8attery$ nonsense
8im8am nonsense$ trickery
8ummadiddle nonsense$ humbug
8ummery anything insipid$ empty compliment$ humbug
fribble frivolous nonsense$ a tri8ing thing or person
fustian pretentious writing or speech$ in8ated or nonsensical language
galbanum nonsense$ a kind of gum resin
galimatias nonsense$ confused mixture of unrelated things
gammon to feign an action$ perpetrate a hoax on$ nonsense, rubbish
gibberish nonsense talk
grimgribber learned gibberish$ legal argon
haver foolish nonsense
hibber%gibber gibberish
hogwash nonsense$ worthless idea
hooey nonsense$ humbug
humbug nonsense
abberwock nonsense, gibberish
iggery%pokery deceptive or manipulative humbug
@(
kelter nonsense
kidology deceptive trickery$ nonsense
linsey%woolsey coarse inferior wool or wool%8ax weave$ nonsense or confusion
macaroni nonsense$ foolishness
malarkey humbug$ nonsense
morology nonsense
mullock nonsense$ rubbish
mumbo%umbo obscure nonsense
narrischkeit foolishness$ nonsense
nugament nonsense$ tri8e
phonus%bolonus exaggerated trickery or nonsense
piddle nonsense
pigwash rubbish$ nonsense
poppycock humbug$ nonsense
posh nonsense
"uatsch nonsense
rannyga'oo foolish nonsense
ra''mata'' meaningless talk$ hype$ nonsense
rhubarb nonsense$ actors' nonsense background chatter
riddle%me%ree nonsense language
rottack rubbish$ nonsense
schmegeggy nonsense$ an idiot
shuck nonsense
skittles rubbish$ nonsense
slipslop nonsensical talk
spinach nonsense
s"uit silly talk$ nonsense$ an insigni#cant person
@3
stultilo"uence foolish or senseless talk
taradiddle senseless talk$ deception$ nonsense
tarradiddle lie$ falsehood$ nonsense$ #b
tootle nonsensical writing or speech
tosh rubbish$ drivel$ nonsense
trumpery deception$ trickery$ showy nonsense
twaddle rubbish$ nonsense
RARE THREE-LETTER WORDS
7dd two and one and you may ken the odd key 3'll use for now. !ot yetM 'Tis
not too bad, but 3'll aid you. Thy tip5 0wee0. !ow can you spy the keyM Nes6 Nou
win6 Gut you see how its use can vex the ego, and 3'll end. Gut who can say it's
not funM
7ll right, enough of that6 This list consists of .>. very obscure, very short
words, each with only three letters. Jy wife has always told me that si'e
doesn't matter, and this list proves that maxim true. )hile you're not likely to
use any of them in daily conversation, these tiny creatures might ust prove
useful someday % if only in a game of =crabble+<,. !ote5 for a complete list of
acceptable two and three%letter =crabble words, consult this page.
Word Defnition
aba garment of camel or goat hair$ camel or goat%hair fabric
abb yarn used for warp
aby to make amends$ atone$ pay a penalty
ait small island in lake or river
ala membranous outgrowth on a plant or animal
alb long white robe worn by priests
alk sap or resin from turpentine trees
alt high musical tone
ama a ;apanese pearl%diver
@/
ana in e"ual "uantities
ard plough used to scratch top surface of soil
awn beard or similar bristly growth on stalk of grain
bar unit of pressure of one million dynes per s"uare centimeter
bee hardwood on either side of bowsprit through which forestays are reeved
bel unit of noise intensity e"ual to ten decibels
bis twice$ in two places
bot larva of a bot8y that infests horses
cep brown edible mushroom
cog single%masted, s"uare%sailed ship with raised stern
col depression or pass in a mountain range
cwm valley or glen
dag dirty tatted tuft of sheep's wool
dah short heavy Gurmese knife
dal a dried legume, such as lentils, beans or peas
dap to dip gently into water$ to #sh with a surface 8y
daw simpleton$ bird of the crow family
dit poem$ words of a song
dol unit for measuring intensity of pain
dop copper cup for holding a diamond while cutting it
eft again$ afterwards
eft newt
eke in addition$ also$ likewise
ell old unit of length e"ual to /> inches
ere before
erg unit of work measuring force of one dyne applied over one centimeter
eth old -nglish letter for voiced 'th' sound
#d conical wooden pin used to splice strands of rope
@>
#e expression of disgust or disapproval
fub to put o1$ to fob
fug hot$ close$ smoky state of atmosphere
gad to wander about idly or in pursuit of pleasure
gal unit of acceleration of one centimeter per second per second
gar mild oath
gat opening or strait between two sandbanks
gib wedge%shaped piece of metal that holds another in place
gid brain disease su1ered by sheep
gig light two%wheeled one%horse carriage
hoc card game, now obsolete
hod L%shaped trough for carrying bricks or mortar on the shoulders
hoy large one%decked boat
ife tropical 7frican #brous plant
i1 if and only if
ist one who holds to an 'ism'
ivi Tahitian chestnut tree
ib small triangular sail extending from the head of the foremast
ow to ring a bell$ a stroke of a bell
ud mass of coal ready for #nal removal
ug sound of the nightingale
us law$ legal right
keb ewe that gives birth to stillborn lamb
ked wingless 8y that feeds on livestock
kef state of dreamy or drug%induced repose
kep to catch an approaching obect or falling li"uid
ket carrion$ matted wool
@@
kex dry hollow plant stalk
kif drug like mariuana smoked in !orth 7frica
kip skin of a young animal
kip unit of weight e"uivalent to .000 pounds
kir drink of black currant syrup and white wine
kit a small pocket violin
kop bank of terracing at a football #eld
lac dark red transparent resin used to make shellac
lar local god of a house
lea arable land left fallow or used for pasture
lev monetary unit of Gulgaria
ley mystical straight line between features of landscape
lux unit of illumination e"ual to one lumen per s"uare meter
mel honey
mew to shed, moult or change
mho unit of electrical conductance
mil unit of .O.000 inch used for measuring thickness of wire
mim prim, demure
mon ;apanese family crest
mor humus layer formed by slow decomposition in acidic soil
mow to make a grimace
neb bird's beak
nef ornamental stand in shape of ship for holding salt or cutlery
nim to steal$ to pilfer
obi broad sash worn with a kimono
ord point of a weapon$ a beginning
orf viral infection of sheep
@A
ort scrap of food$ morsel
pam card game in which ack of club has highest value
pax tablet decorated with sacred #gure and kissed by participants in mass
ped naturally formed mass or aggregate of soil
per through$ according to$ by means or agency of
pro in favour of$ for
pug ground clay mixed with water
puy small volcanic cone
pyx box or vessel in which coins or consecrated -ucharist are kept
"at leaves chewed or brewed in tea as a stimulant
"ua in the capacity of
ras headland
rep plain%woven fabric with crosswise ribs
ret to expose to moisture$ to soak$ to soften by soaking
rev to run an engine before bringing it into use
ria normal drowned valley$ long wide creek
roc enormous legendary 7rabian bird
rom a gypsy man
rya colourful =candinavian knotted%pile rug
sal a salt
saw saying or proverb
say delicate woollen fabric
seg stud or metal plate in sole of a shoe to prevent wear
sic thus
su" Jiddle -astern marketplace
ta crown or head%dress
taw to prepare skins by soaking, salting, stretching and paring
@C
ted to spread grass for drying
teg a sheep in its second year$ the 8eece of such a sheep
te -thiopian honey%mead
tex unit of measurement of #neness of #bres and yarn
tod old unit of weight of wool e"ual to (C pounds
tog unit of measurement for insulation properties of fabric
ton unit of cooling power e"ual to .(,000 GTI per hour
tot bone or other obect retrieved from garbage pile
tow bundle of untwisted natural #bres
tup ram$ pile%driver$ striking face of steam hammer or ackhammer
tye inclined trough for washing ore
ure use$ custom
vis force$ power
vug small cavity in a rock
wen enormously congested city
wey old measure for dry goods usually e"ual to /0 bushels
wis to know, to believe
wye a N%branching pipe or railroad track arrangement
wyn old -nglish rune having value 'w'
yad rod used by readers of the Torah as a pointer for following text
yag synthetic diamond made of yttrium aluminum garnet
yam posting%house along a road
yaw to move unsteadily side to side$ to rotate about a vertical axis
yen craving or yearning
yeo stream or drain used in mining
yew to rise, as a layer of froth in a boiling li"uid
yex to hiccup, belch or spit
@D
yok peorative ;ewish term for a non%;ew
yon yonder$ that over there$ those over there
'ek inmate of prison labour camp
'el form of Eriental cymbal
'ho cross between a yak and a cow
'ug waterproof leather used for boots
FEEDING AND EATING
?ike many people, 3 enoy eating % perhaps too much so. This list of ..3
words describes di1erent things one could eat, although a human would have
to be pretty desperate to eat lice or limestone. Then again, 3've eaten at
JcKonald's hundreds of times, so 3'm not that sure that 3 haven't already done
so. These words generally end in 0phagous0, from the Greek phagein, or
0vorous0, from ?atin vorare, both verbs meaning 0to eat0. )hich su9x you want
to use depends on whether you feel like having souvlaki or spaghetti.
Word Defnition
allotriophagy craving for strange foods
androphagy cannibalism
anthropophaginian cannibal
anthropophagous eating humans
aphagia inability to eat or swallow
apivorous eating bees
arachnivorous feeding on spiders
autocoprophagy eating one's own feces
autophagy feeding on body's own tissues
baccivorous eating berries
batrachivorous frog%eating
bibliophagist one who devours books, literally or #guratively
A0
calcivorous feeding on or living in limestone
cardophagus donkey$ something that eats thistles
carnivorous eating 8esh
carpophagous fruit%eating
cepivorous onion%eating
chthonophagia eating dirt
comburivorous consuming by #re
coprophagous eating feces
creatophagous carnivorous$ 8esh%eating
creophagous 8esh%eating$ carnivorous
detritivore animal that eats decomposing organic matter
dysphagia pathological di9culty in swallowing
endophagy cannibalism within a tribe$ eating away from within
entomophagous eating insects
e"uivorous consuming horse8esh
exophagy cannibalism outside one's own group
foliophagous eating leaves$ eating folios of books
formivorous eating ants
fructivorous feeding on fruit
frugivorous eating fruit
fucivorous eating seaweed
galactophagist milk drinker
gamophagia destruction of one gamete by another
geophagy practice of feeding on soil$ dirt%eating
glossophagine eating using the tongue
graminivorous feeding on grass or cereals
granivorous feeding on seeds
gumnivorous feeding on tree saps
A.
herbivorous eating only plant matter
hippophagy feeding on horses
homnivorous eating humans
hylophagous eating wood
hyperphagia eating too much
ichthyophagous #sh%eating
insectivorous eating insects
kreatophagia eating of raw meat
larvivorous feeding on larvae
lignivorous feeding on wood
limivorous eating mud
lithophagous stone%swallowing$ rock%boring$ eating rock
lotophagous feeding on lotuses$ indolent$ la'y$ dreamy
mallophagous eating wool or 8eece
meconophagist consumer of opium or heroin
meliphagous feeding upon honey
mellivorous honey%eating
merdivorous dung%eating
microphagous feeding on small creatures or plants
monophagous feeding on only one type of food
mucivorous feeding on plant uices
mycophagous eating fungus
myristicivorous feeding upon nutmegs
myrmecophagous feeding on ants
necrophagous feeding on the dead
nectarivorous feeding on nectar
nucivorous nut%eating
A(
omnivorous eating anything$ eating both plant and animal matter
omophagy eating of raw 8esh as a ritual observance
onychophagist nail%biter
ophiophagous eating snakes
ory'ivorous rice%eating
ossivorous feeding on bones
ostreophagous oyster%eating
ovivorous eating eggs
ovivorous eating sheep
paedophage eater of children
pagophagia eating trays of ice to help o1set iron de#ciency
panivorous bread%eating
pantophagy omnivorousness
phthirophagous lice%eating
phyllophagous leaf%eating
phytivorous feeding on plants
phytophagous feeding on vegetable matter
piscivorous #sh%eating
placentophagy eating of the placenta
plantivorous plant%eating
plasmophagous consuming plasma
poephagous eating grass or herbs$ herbivorous
poltophagy prolonged chewing of food
polyphagous eating many types of food
psomophagy swallowing food without thorough chewing
radicivorous eating roots
ranivorous eating frogs
A3
rhi'ophagous root%eating
rhypophagy eating #lth
sanguivorous blood%drinking
saprophagous feeding on decaying material
sarcophagous feeding on 8esh$ carnivorous
saurophagous eating li'ards
scatophagous dung%eating
seminivorous seed%eating
stercovorous feeding on dung or excrement
thalerophagous feeding on fresh vegetable matter
theophagy sacramental consumption of a god
toxicophagous eating poison
toxiphagous poison%eating
univorous living on only one host or source of food
vegetivorous eating vegetables
vermivorous eating worms
xerophagy eating of dry food$ fast of dry food in the week preceding -aster
xylophagous wood%eating
'oophagy eating animals
DIVINATION AND FORTUNE-TELLING
This list de#nes .@3 terms for kinds of divination and fortune telling,
ranging from very common +runes, tarot cards, or horoscopes, to extraordinarily
rare. 3n fact, you won't believe the range of methods that people have
developed to rip other people o1 by claiming they can predict the future. The
vast maority of these words end in 'mancy', from the Greek word for divination,
manteia. This list thus does not include general terms such as 'astrology' and
'numerology', which are etymologically sciences rather than fortune%telling
techni"ues. 2eel free to send me any new 'mancies' you may have
A/
encountered. 2inally, allow me to propose a neologism5 novocentomancy, the
art of divination by calling '.%D00' numbers for TL psychics.
Word Defnition
acultomancy divination using needles
aeromancy divination by means of the weather
ailuromancy divination by watching cats: movements
alectormancy divination by sacri#cing a rooster
alectryomancy divination by watching a rooster gather corn kernels
aleuromancy divination using 8our or meal
alomancy divination using salt
alphitomancy divination using loaves of barley
alveromancy divination using sounds
ambulomancy divination by taking a walk
amniomancy divination by examining afterbirth
anthomancy divination using 8owers
anthracomancy divination using burning coals
anthropomancy divination using human entrails
apantomancy divination using obects at hand
arithmancy divination using numbers
armomancy divination by examining one:s shoulders
aspidomancy divination by sitting and chanting within a circle
astragalomancy divination using dice or knucklebones
astromancy divination using stars
austromancy divination using wind
axinomancy divination using an axe or hatchet
batra"uomancy divination using frogs
belomancy divination by means of arrows
bibliomancy divination by opening a book at random
A>
botanomancy divination using burning branches or plants
brontomancy divination using thunder
capnomancy divination by means of smoke
cartomancy telling fortunes using playing cards
catoptromancy divination by examining mirror placed underwater
causimancy divination by means of #re
ceneromancy divination using ashes
cephalonomancy divination by boiling an ass head
ceraunomancy divination using thunderbolts
ceraunoscopy divination using lightning
ceromancy divination by means of wax drippings
ceroscopy divination using wax
chaomancy divination by examining phenomena of the air
chirognomy divination by studying the hands
chiromancy divination by means of palmistry
chronomancy divination by means of time
cleidomancy divination using keys
cleromancy divination using dice
conchomancy divination using shells
coscinomancy divination using a sieve and a pair of shears
crithomancy divination by strewing meal over sacri#ces
critomancy divination using viands and cakes
cromnyomancy divination using onions
crystallomancy divination by means of clear obects
crystalomancy divination using a crystal globe
cubomancy divination by throwing dice
dactyliomancy divination by means of a #nger
dactylomancy divination using rings
A@
daphnomancy divination using a laurel
demonomancy divination using demons
dririmancy divination by observing dripping blood
emonomancy divination using demons
enoptromancy divination using mirrors
eromancy divination using water vessels
extispicy divination using entrails
8oromancy belief that 8owers have feelings
gastromancy divination by sounds from the belly
geloscopy fortune%telling by means of laughter
geomancy divination by casting earth onto a surface
grafology divination by studying writing
graptomancy divination by studying handwriting
gyromancy divination by falling from di''iness
halomancy divination using salt
haruspication divination by inspecting animal entrails
hematomancy divination using blood
hepatoscopy divination by examining animal livers
hieromancy divination by studying obects o1ered in sacri#ce
hieroscopy divination using entrails
hippomancy divination using horses
hydromancy divination using water
hypnomancy divination using sleep
ichnomancy divination using footprints
ichthyomancy divination by inspecting #sh entrails
iconomancy divination using icons
idolomancy divination using idols
AA
kephalonomancy divination using a baked ass:s head
keraunoscopia divination using thunder
knissomancy divination using burning incense
labiomancy lip reading
lampadomancy divination by 8ame
lecanomancy divination using water in a basin or pool
libanomancy divination by watching incense smoke
lithomancy divination by stones or meteorites
logarithmancy divination by means of algorithms
logomancy divination using words
macromancy divination using large obects
maculomancy divination using spots
margaritomancy divination using pearls
mathemancy divination by counting
meconomancy divination using sleep
meteoromancy divination by studying meteors
metopomancy divination using the forehead or face
metoposcopy fortune%telling or udgement of character by the lines of the forehead
micromancy divination using small obects
myomancy divination from the movements of mice
narcomancy divination using sleep
necyomancy divination by summoning =atan
nomancy divination by examining letters of name
odontomancy divination using teeth
oenomancy divination by studying appearance of wine
oinomancy divination using wine
ololygmancy fortune%telling by the howling of dogs
AC
omoplatoscopy divination by observing cracks in burning scapulae
omphalomancy divination from the knots in the umbilical cord
oneiromancy divination by dreams
onomancy divination using a donkey or ass
onomancy divination using proper names
onychomancy divination by the #ngernails
onymancy divination by the #ngernails
oomancy divination using eggs
ophidiomancy divination using snakes
ophiomancy divination by watching snakes
ornithomancy divination by observing 8ight of birds
oryctomancy divination using excavated obects
ossomancy divination using bones
osteomancy divination using bones
ouranomancy divination using the heavens
pedomancy divination by examining the soles of the feet
pegomancy divination by springs or fountains
pessomancy divination using pebbles
phyllomancy divination using leaves or tea leaves
physiognomancy divination by studying the face
psephomancy divination by drawing lots or markers at random
psychomancy divination by means of spirits
pyromancy divination using #re
retromancy divination by looking over one:s shoulder
rhabdomancy divination using a rod or stick
rhapsodomancy divination by opening works of poetry at random
scapulomancy divination by examining burnt shoulder blade
AD
scatomancy divination by studying excrement
scatoscopy divination by studying excrement$ scatomancy
schematomancy divination using the human form
sciomancy divination using ghosts
scyphomancy divination by means of a cup
selenomancy divination by studying the moon
sideromancy divination using stars$ divination by burning straws
sortilege divination by drawing lots
spasmatomancy divination by twitching or convulsions of the body
spatilomancy divination by means of feces
spheromancy divination using a crystal ball
spodomancy divination by means of ashes
stercomancy fortune%telling by studying seeds in dung
stichomancy divination by picking passages from books at random
stolisomancy divination by observing how one dresses oneself
sycomancy divination using #g leaves
tephromancy divination by ashes
theomancy divination by means of oracles
thrioboly divination using pebbles
thumomancy divination by means of one's own soul
tiromancy divination using cheese
topomancy divination using landforms
trochomancy divination by studying wheel tracks
tyromancy divination using cheese
uranomancy divination by studying the heavens
urimancy divination by observing urine
xenomancy divination using strangers
C0
xylomancy divination by examining wood found in one:s path
'oomancy divination by observing animals
PHILOSOPHICAL ISMS
Bere are (3/ di1erent isms, each representing a philosophical, political or
moral doctrine or a belief system. 3n selecting terms for the list, 3 have
deliberately avoided any word which apply ism to a personal name, so that
Jarxism doesn't count although it is otherwise an ideal candidate for the list. 3
also excluded isms which do not refer to a speci#c belief system, such as
impressionism +an artistic movement, or alcoholism +a disease,. Kespite these
omissions, enough remain to leave an ism in every pot, including beliefs about
proper government, God, and the nature of existence itself. Ef the terms on the
list that are of a religious nature, most are &hristian, which is not unexpected,
but 3'm open to adding isms from other world religions.
Word Defnition
absolutism doctrine of government by a single absolute ruler$ autocracy
absurdism doctrine that we live in an irrational universe
academicism doctrine that nothing can be known
accidentalism theory that events do not have causes
acosmism disbelief in existence of eternal universe distinct from God
adamitism nakedness for religious reasons
adevism denial of gods of mythology and legend
adiaphorism doctrine of theological indi1erence or latitudinarianism
adoptionism belief that &hrist was the adopted and not natural son of God
aestheticism doctrine that beauty is central to other moral principles
agapism ethics of love
agathism belief in ultimate triumph of good despite evil means
agnosticism doctrine that we can know nothing beyond material phenomena
anarchism doctrine that all governments should be abolished
C.
animism attribution of soul to inanimate obects
annihilationism doctrine that the wicked are utterly destroyed after death
anthropomorphism attribution of human "ualities to non%human things
anthropotheism belief that gods are only dei#ed men
antidisestablishmentarian
ism
doctrine opposed to removing &hurch of -ngland's o9cial religion
status
antilapsarianism denial of doctrine of the fall of humanity
antinomianism doctrine of the reection of moral law
antipedobaptism denial of validity of infant baptism
apocalypticism doctrine of the imminent end of the world
asceticism
doctrine that self%denial of the body permits spiritual
enlightenment
aspheterism denial of the right to private property
atheism belief that there is no God
atomism belief that the universe consists of small indivisible particles
autosoterism belief that one can obtain salvation through oneself
autotheism belief that one is God incarnate or that one is &hrist
bitheism belief in two gods
bonism the doctrine that the world is good but not perfect
bullionism belief in the importance of metallic currency in economics
capitalism
doctrine that private ownership and free markets should govern
economies
casualism the belief that chance governs all things
catabaptism belief in the wrongness of infant baptism
catastrophism belief in rapid geological and biological change
collectivism doctrine of communal control of means of production
collegialism theory that church is independent from the state
conceptualism theory that universal truths exist as mental concepts
conservatism belief in maintaining political and social traditions
C(
constructivism belief that knowledge and reality do not have an obective value
cosmism belief that the cosmos is a self%existing whole
cosmotheism the belief that identi#es God with the cosmos
deism belief in God but reection of religion
determinism
doctrine that events are predetermined by preceding events or
laws
diphysitism belief in the dual nature of &hrist
ditheism belief in two e"ual gods, one good and one evil
ditheletism doctrine that &hrist had two wills
dualism
doctrine that the universe is controlled by one good and one evil
force
egalitarianism belief that humans ought to be e"ual in rights and privileges
egoism doctrine that the pursuit of self%interest is the highest good
egotheism identi#cation of oneself with God
eidolism belief in ghosts
emotivism theory that moral statements are inherently biased
empiricism
doctrine that the experience of the senses is the only source of
knowledge
entryism doctrine of oining a group to change its policies
epiphenomenalism doctrine that mental processes are epiphenomena of brain activity
eternalism the belief that matter has existed eternally
eudaemonism ethical belief that happiness e"uals morality
euhemerism explanation of mythology as growing out of history
existentialism
doctrine of individual human responsibility in an unfathomable
universe
experientialism doctrine that knowledge comes from experience
fallibilism the doctrine that empirical knowledge is uncertain
fatalism doctrine that events are #xed and humans are powerless
#deism doctrine that knowledge depends on faith over reason
C3
#nalism belief that an end has or can be reached
fortuitism belief in evolution by chance variation
functionalism doctrine emphasising utility and function
geocentrism belief that -arth is the centre of the universe
gnosticism belief that freedom derives solely from knowledge
gradualism belief that things proceed by degrees
gymnobiblism
belief that the Gible can be presented to unlearned without
commentary
hedonism belief that pleasure is the highest good
henism doctrine that there is only one kind of existence
henotheism belief in one tribal god, but not as the only god
historicism belief that all phenomena are historically determined
holism
doctrine that parts of any thing must be understood in relation to
the whole
holobaptism belief in baptism with total immersion in water
humanism belief that human interests and mind are paramount
humanitarianism
doctrine that the highest moral obligation is to improve human
welfare
hylicism materialism
hylomorphism belief that matter is cause of the universe
hylopathism belief in ability of matter to a1ect the spiritual world
hylotheism belief that the universe is purely material
hylo'oism doctrine that all matter is endowed with life
idealism belief that our experiences of the world consist of ideas
identism
doctrine that obective and subective, or matter and mind, are
identical
ignorantism doctrine that ignorance is a favourable thing
illuminism belief in an inward spiritual light
illusionism belief that the external world is philosophy
C/
imagism doctrine of use of precise images with unrestricted subect
immanentism belief in an immanent or permanent god
immaterialism the doctrine that there is no material substance
immoralism reection of morality
indi1erentism the belief that all religions are e"ually valid
individualism belief that individual interests and rights are paramount
instrumentalism doctrine that ideas are instruments of action
intellectualism belief that all knowledge is derived from reason
interactionism belief that mind and body act on each other
introspectionism doctrine that knowledge of mind must derive from introspection
intuitionism belief that the perception of truth is by intuition
irreligionism system of belief that is hostile to religions
kathenotheism polytheism in which each god is considered single and supreme
kenotism doctrine that &hrist rid himself of divinity in becoming human
laicism doctrine of opposition to clergy and priests
latitudinarianism doctrine of broad liberality in religious belief and conduct
laxism belief that an unlikely opinion may be safely followed
legalism belief that salvation depends on strict adherence to the law
liberalism doctrine of social change and tolerance
libertarianism doctrine that personal liberty is the highest value
malism the belief that the world is evil
materialism belief that matter is the only extant substance
mechanism belief that life is explainable by mechanical forces
meliorism the belief the world tends to become better
mentalism belief that the world can be explained as aspect of the mind
messianism belief in a single messiah or saviour
millenarianism belief that an ideal society will be produced in the near future
modalism belief in unity of 2ather, =on and Boly =pirit
C>
monadism theory that there exist ultimate units of being
monergism theory that the Boly =pirit alone can act
monism belief that all things can be placed in one category
monophysitism belief that &hrist was primarily divine but in human form
monopsychism belief that individuals have a single eternal soul
monotheism belief in only one God
monotheletism belief that &hrist had only one will
mortalism belief that the soul is mortal
mutualism belief in mutual dependence of society and the individual
nativism belief that the mind possesses inborn thoughts
naturalism belief that the world can be explained in terms of natural forces
necessarianism theory that actions are determined by prior history$ fatalism
neonomianism theory that the gospel abrogates earlier moral codes
neovitalism theory that total material explanation is impossible
nihilism denial of all reality$ extreme scepticism
nominalism doctrine that naming of things de#nes reality
nomism view that moral conduct consists in observance of laws
noumenalism belief in existence of noumena
nullibilism denial that the soul exists in space
numenism belief in local deities or spirits
obectivism doctrine that all reality is obective
omnism belief in all religions
optimism doctrine that we live in the best of all possible worlds
organicism conception of life or society as an organism
paedobaptism doctrine of infant baptism
panaesthetism theory that consciousness may inhere generally in matter
pancosmism theory that the material universe is all that exists
C@
panegoism solipsism
panentheism belief that world is part but not all of God:s being
panpsychism theory that all nature has a psychic side
pansexualism theory that all thought derived from sexual instinct
panspermatism belief in origin of life from extraterrestrial germs
pantheism belief that the universe is God$ belief in many gods
pan'oism belief that humans and animals share vital life energy
parallelism belief that matter and mind don:t interact but relate
peorism severe pessimism
perfectibilism doctrine that humans capable of becoming perfect
perfectionism doctrine that moral perfection constitutes the highest value
personalism doctrine that humans possess spiritual freedom
pessimism doctrine that the universe is essentially evil
phenomenalism belief that phenomena are the only realities
physicalism belief that all phenomena reducible to veri#able assertions
physitheism attribution of physical form and attributes to deities
pluralism belief that reality consists of several kinds or entities
polytheism belief in multiple deities
positivism doctrine that that which is not observable is not knowable
pragmatism doctrine emphasi'ing practical value of philosophy
predestinarianism belief that what ever is to happen is already #xed
prescriptivism belief that moral edicts are merely orders with no truth value
primitivism doctrine that a simple and natural life is morally best
privatism attitude of avoiding involvement in outside interests
probabiliorism belief that when in doubt one must choose most likely answer
probabilism belief that knowledge is always probable but never absolute
psilanthropism denial of &hrist's divinity
CA
psychism belief in universal soul
psychomorphism doctrine that inanimate obects have human mentality
psychopannychism belief souls sleep from death to resurrection
psychotheism doctrine that God is a purely spiritual entity
pyrrhonism total or radical skepticism
"uietism doctrine of enlightenment through mental tran"uility
racism belief that race is the primary determinant of human capacities
rationalism belief that reason is the fundamental source of knowledge
realism doctrine that obects of cognition are real
reductionism belief that complex phenomena are reducible to simple ones
regalism doctrine of the monarch's supremacy in church a1airs
representationalism
doctrine that ideas rather than external obects are basis of
knowledge
republicanism belief that a republic is the best form of government
resistentialism
humorous theory that inanimate obects display malice towards
humans
romanticism belief in sentimental feeling in artistic expression
sacerdotalism
belief that priests are necessary mediators between God and
mankind
sacramentarianism belief that sacraments have unusual properties
scientism belief that the methods of science are universally applicable
self%determinism doctrine that the actions of a self are determined by itself
sensationalism belief that ideas originate solely in sensation
siderism belief that the stars in8uence human a1airs
skepticism doctrine that true knowledge is always uncertain
socialism doctrine of centrali'ed state control of wealth and property
solarism excessive use of solar myths in explaining mythology
soli#dianism doctrine that faith alone will ensure salvation
CC
solipsism theory that self%existence is the only certainty
somatism materialism
spatialism
doctrine that matter has only spatial, temporal and causal
properties
spiritualism belief that nothing is real except the soul or spirit
stercoranism belief that the consecrated -ucharist is digested and evacuated
stoicism belief in indi1erence to pleasure or pain
subectivism doctrine that all knowledge is subective
substantialism belief that there is a real existence underlying phenomena
syndicalism doctrine of direct worker control of capital
synergism belief that human will and divine spirit cooperate in salvation
terminism doctrine that there is a time limit for repentance
thanatism belief that the soul dies with the body
theism belief in the existence of God without special revelation
theocentrism belief that God is central fact of existence
theopantism belief that God is the only reality
theopsychism belief that the soul is of a divine nature
thnetopsychism
belief that the soul dies with the body, to be reborn on day of
udgement
titanism spirit of revolt or de#ance against social conventions
tolerationism doctrine of toleration of religious di1erences
totemism belief that a group has a special kinship with an obect or animal
transcendentalism theory that emphasi'es that which transcends perception
transmigrationism belief that soul passes into other body at death
trialism
doctrine that humans have three separate essences +body, soul,
spirit,
tritheism belief that the members of the Trinity are separate gods
triumphalism belief in the superiority of one particular religious creed
CD
tuism theory that individuals have a second or other self
tutiorism doctrine that one should take the safer moral course
tychism theory that accepts role of pure chance
ubi"uitarianism belief that &hrist is everywhere
undulationism theory that light consists of waves
universalism belief in universal salvation
utilitarianism belief that utility of actions determines moral value
vitalism the doctrine that there is a vital force behind life
voluntarism belief that the will dominates the intellect
'oism doctrine that life originates from a single vital principle
'oomorphism conception of a god or man in animal form
'ootheism attribution of divine "ualities to animals
NAMES FOR NAMES
)hen my brother and 3 were little, our parents used to oke that if one of us
had been a girl, they could have named us &hris and 7lice, so that we would be
0&hris and 7lice &hrisomalis0. 2ortunately for all concerned, they did not do so,
because names are very powerful things +here are some more of my thoughts
on the subect,. 7nyway, this short and probably incomplete list de#nes about
/0 words relating to names. These words contain the root 0nym0, which comes
from the Greek onoma, a name.
Word Defnition
acronym word formed from initial letters of another word
allonym other person's name used by an author
ananym name written backward$ often used as synonym
anonym person whose name is not given$ pseudonym
antonym word whose meaning is the opposite of a given word
aptronym name that suits its owner
autonym a writer's real name$ work published under writer's own name
D0
caconym wrongly derived name
cohyponym word which is one of multiple hyponyms of another word
cryptonym secret name
dionym name containing two parts or terms
eponym personal name from which another name is derived
euonym a pleasing or beautiful name
euonymous appropriately named
euphonym euphonious synonym
exonym name for a town or country in a foreign language
heteronym word having same spelling but di1erent sound and meaning
homonym words having the same sound but di1erent meanings
hypernym word representing a class of words or things
hyponym term which is a member of a larger class
isonym word having the same derivation or form as another
meronym word whose relation to another is a part to the whole
metonymy #gurative use of word to name an attribute of its subect
metronymy system of naming after the mother's or female line
onymous bearing the author:s name
paedonymic name taken from one's child
paranym euphemism$ word whose meaning altered to conceal evasion
paronym word from same root or having same sound as another
patronym name derived from father's name
poecilonym synonym
polyonym name consisting of several words
pseudonym #ctitious name used by an author
retronym new name as modi#cation of older term used alone
synonym word whose meaning is the same as another word
D.
tautonym taxonomic name in which genus and species are the same
teknonymy the naming of the parent from the child
toponym place name derived from geographical feature
trionym name consisting of three words
D(
UNUSUAL ANIMALS
Ever the years, a number of correspondents have written to me, asking for
the names of words for weird animals beginning with certain letters of the
alphabet, especially those beginning with x, ", and '. Bere, #nally, is a glossary
of 3(0 unusual words describing di1erent animals, both common and obscure.
The list itself will never be complete, and is simply a selection of di1erent
species and types of animal. 3t is not meant to be a representative sample of
the world's faunal biodiversity % it is heavily skewed towards mammals, for
instance % and speci#cally excludes multi%word common names +e.g. 'wood
warbler', and purely scienti#c names +e.g. '4an troglodytes',. The words
themselves are fascinating, and re8ect an extraordinary diversity of languages
of origin, demonstrating the true globali'ation of -nglish over the past two
centuries of exploration and imperialism. They also tell a real story of tragedy$
like some of these species themselves, the languages that gave us many of
these words have gone extinct, leaving nothing but these names for maestic
beasts, fowl, #sh, and insects.
Word Defnition
aardwolf =outh 7frican carnivorous fox%like "uadruped
aasvogel =outh 7frican vulture
aberdevine alternate name for the siskin
accentor songbird
acipenser sturgeon
addax spiral%horned antelope dwelling in the =ahara desert
adutant enormous 3ndian stork
ad'ebill prehistoric 8ightless bird of !ew Pealand
aepyornis gigantic 8ightless bird of Jadagascar
agouti tropical rabbit%si'ed rodent
amberack spiny%#nned 7tlantic sport #sh
amphiuma a"uatic 7merican salamander with two pairs of small feet
anhinga long%necked #sh%eating tropical 7merican bird
anoa small wild ox of 3ndonesia
anole arboreal 7merican li'ard with ability to change colour
antechinus carnivorous mouselike 7ustralian marsupial
argali large%horned 7sian wild sheep
aurochs extinct wild ox
avocet long%legged wading bird with upward%curving bill
axolotl salamander dwelling in mountainous lakes
aye%aye nocturnal lemur%like animal of Jadagascar
babirusa large wild pig of 3ndonesia
bandicoot small long%nosed ratlike marsupial
bangtail mustang or wild horse
D3
banteng wild ox of =outheast 7sia
barasingha deer dwelling in swamps of 3ndia
barbet stout%billed tropical bird
beira pygmy antelope
bharal bluish%gray Bimalayan goat
binturong civet of southeastern 7sia with long prehensile tail
biscacha burrowing =outh 7merican rodent
bittern small heron
blauwbok extinct bluish%coloured antelope of southern 7frica
blenny small elongated marine #sh
blesbok =outh 7frican antelope with white patch on forehead
bongo reddish 7frican antelope with white vertical stripes
bontbok =outh 7frican antelope with unusual coloration
bor'oi wolf%hound
brach female hunting hound
brachet whelp$ brat$ bitch hound
brandling striped earthworm used as #shing bait
brocken two%year%old stag
bulbul gregarious songbird
bullock an ox or castrated bull
cabrilla 7tlantic sea bass
caiman small alligator%like reptile
caple a horse
capybara tailless a"uatic rodent of =outh 7merica
caracal long%legged nocturnal cat of 7frican and 7sian savannahs with long ears
caracara long%legged =outh 7merican falcon
cassowary large 8ightless Jelanesian bird
chamois goatlike antelope of mountainous regions of -urope
chevrotain small cloven%footed deerlike animal of southeast 7sia
chiru straight%horned Tibetan antelope
chital 3ndian spotted deer
chuckwalla herbivorous desert%dwelling li'ard
civet long%tailed catlike carnivorous mammal with musk glands
cleg horse%8y
coelacanth lobe%#nned #sh long thought to be extinct
colobus long%tailed 7frican monkey
colocolo wild =outh 7merican cat
colugo 8ying lemur
conure tropical parrot%like bird of &entral and =outh 7merica
corella cockateel
coypu large a"uatic =outh 7merican rodent
culex mos"uito
culver dove or pigeon
curlew long%legged migratory bird with downward%curving bill
cusk large 7tlantic #sh like the cod
dabchick small grebe
daw simpleton$ bird of the crow family
degu rat%like rodent of =outh 7merica
desman a"uatic insectivorous musk%secreting <ussian rat
D/
dhole wild 7sian dog
dibatag =omali antelope with recurved horns
dik%dik small east 7frican antelope
diprotodon gigantic prehistoric marsupial with two incisors in lower aw
dobbin workhorse
dobson8y soft%bodied insect with large mandibles
douc southern &hinese monkey
douroucouli small =outh 7merican nocturnal monkey
dowitcher long%billed !orth 7merican wading bird
duarf #ctitious nineteen%toed #sh of -rewhon
dugong a"uatic herbivorous mammal like the manatee
duiker small 7frican antelope
dunnart mouse%like marsupial with pointed snout
earwig a small insect$ to bias$ to pester with demands$ to eavesdrop
echidna 7ustralian toothless spined monotreme resembling a hedgehog
eland large heavily built 7frican antelope
emmet ant
eyas un8edged falcon or other bird of prey
falanouc carnivorous mongoose%like mammal of Jadagascar
falconet small variety of falcon
fossa carnivorous mongoose%like mammal of Jadagascar
francolin type of 7sian and 7frican partridge
froghopper leaping and spitting insect
galago woolly long%tailed nocturnal lemur +bush baby,
galah blue%gray 7ustralian cockatoo
gannet large white 7tlantic seabird
gaur wild ox
gayal domesticated ox with tufted tail, native to south 7sia
gelada long%haired -thiopian baboon
gemsbok large =outh 7frican antelope
genet spotted long%tailed carnivorous mammal like the civet
gerenuk long%necked antelope with large eyes
gharial large 3ndian crocodile with long snout
goa Tibetan ga'elle with backward%curving horns
goanna large 7ustralian li'ard
goral small horned antelope living in mountainous regions of south 7sia
gowk a cuckoo$ a fool
graphiure 7frican rodent with pencil%thin tail
grayling silver%grey freshwater #sh
grebe diving bird resembling the loon
grilse salmon #rst returning to the river from the sea
grison weasel%like tropical 7merican gray and black carnivore
grivet white and olive tufted 7frican monkey
grysbok small speckled south 7frican antelope
guenon small, slender bearded 7frican monkey
guere'a black and white -thiopian tufted monkey
guillemot narrow%billed 7tlantic auk
gundi desert%dwelling small rodent of northern 7frica with bristles on feet
gymnure hairy hedgehog
D>
hammerkop brown 7frican heron with hammer%shaped crest on head
harrier medium%si'ed scenting dog for hunting hares
havier castrated deer
hellbender large 8at !orth 7merican a"uatic salamander
hoat'in =outh 7merican tropical bird whose young have clawed wings
hocco =outh 7merican bird resembling a turkey
hogget one%year%old sheep or colt
huemul yellow%brown =outh 7merican deer
hutia large &aribbean rat%like rodent
hyrax small rodent%like ungulate
ibex wild mountain goat with recurved horns
ibis large stork%like bird$ a pale apricot colour
ichneumon small mongoose%like carnivorous "uadruped
iguana large tropical !ew )orld li'ard
iiwi bright red Bawaiian bird
ipiti a small antelope
isatis 7rctic fox
ithomiid tropical =outh 7merican butter8y
iulus millipede
i'ard goatlike antelope found in the 4yrenees
abiru large tropical stork with massive bill
acana long%toed tropical freshwater wading bird
ade pitiful horse$ a nag
ennet small =panish horse
erboa nocturnal desert%dwelling umping rodent
iboya boa constrictor
unco !orth 7merican #nch
urel coastal #sh of southern Inited =tates
kagu long%legged bird of !ew &aledonia
kaka olive%brown parrot native to !ew Pealand
kea green parrot of !ew Pealand
ke1el a horse$ a nag
kereru pigeon variety of !ew Pealand
kiang wild Tibetan horse
kine cows
kinkaou carnivorous =outh 7merican raccoon%like mammal
kleenebok small =outh 7frican antelope
klipspringer small 7frican antelope
knobber a stag in its second year
kob 7frican water antelope
kouprey wild ox of &ambodia
kudu 7frican antelope with spiralling horns
kyloe small long%haired cattle
lammergeier giant vulture%like bird of prey
langur long%tailed 3ndian monkey
lechwe light brown water antelope of =outh 7frica
leopon crossbreed between a leopard and a lion
leveret a hare in its #rst year$ a mistress
limpkin &aribbean crane%like bird
D@
linsang white civet%like ;avanese mammal
lorikeet brightly coloured southeast 7sian parrot
loris large%eyed south 7sian arboreal primate
lutung small monkey of Jalaysia
malbrouck arboreal monkey of )est 7frica
mangabey long%tailed tropical 7frican monkey
markhor reddish%grey central 7sian wild goat
meerkat small long%tailed 7frican ground s"uirrel or mongoose
morel dark%coloured horse$ blackish colour
muntac small tusked -ast 7sian deer
murre white%breasted !orth 7tlantic seabird
nightar nocturnal insectivorous Eld )orld migratory bird
numbat termite%eating anteater%like marsupial with white stripes
nutria amphibious =outh 7merican rodent
nyala large south 7frican antelope
octodont degu
okapi short%necked gira1e
olm blind a"uatic cave%dwelling -uropean salamander
onager 7siatic wild ass
onocrotal old term for the pelican
oribi small 7frican antelope with vertical horns
oropendola tropical oriole living in long hanging nests
oryx large antelope of 7frica and 7rabia with long horns
ou'el blackbird$ a dark%haired person
oystercatcher wading shorebird with reddish bill
palfrey riding horse, especially one for a lady
pangolin scaly insectivorous mammal with elongated snout
peccary tropical !ew )orld piglike mammal
percheron dappled cart horse
petrel long%winged seabird with hooked bill
phalarope migratory shorebird with lobed feet
phoenicopter 8amingo
pichi small dark 7rgentinian armadillo
pichiciego small =outh 7merican armadillo
pika rabbit%like mountain%dwelling mammal with rounded ears
porbeagle shark with a pointed snout
potto small nocturnal )est 7frican monkey
pratincole fork%tailed, long%winged 7ustralian bird
prion small 7ntarctic petrel
pudu small &hilean deer
puku red &entral 7frican antelope
"uarrion 7ustralian parrot like the cockatiel
"uaviver #sh otherwise known as the sea%dragon or dragonet
"uawk black%crowned night heron
"uelea an 7frican weaver%bird
"uer"uedule pin%tail duck$ a teal
"uet'al gold and green bird with long tail feathers
"ueyock heifer
"uickhatch wolverine
DA
"uinnat the king salmon
"uokka short%tailed wallaby
"uoll native cat%like marsupial of 7ustralia
raad electric cat#sh
rach dog that hunts by scent
ratel honey%eating Eld )orld badger
reebok small =outh 7frican antelope
reedbuck antelope fre"uenting reeds
rooibok impala
rooirhebok reddish =outh 7frican antelope
ror"ual large whale with dorsal #n
rosella bright%coloured 7ustralian parakeet
saiga migratory <ussian antelope
saki =outh 7merican monkey
sambar large reddish deer of southern 7sia
scanderoon homing pigeon
seriema large crested Gra'ilian bird
serow Bimalayan and =outh 7sian goatlike antelope
serval tawny carnivorous =outh 7frican catlike "uadruped
shearling one%year%old sheep
siamang southeast 7sian gibbon%like black ape
siskin small #nch%like songbird
sitatunga medium%si'ed east 7frican antelope with elongated hooves
skink small north 7frican li'ard
skua large north 7tlantic gull
solenodon large &aribbean ratlike insectivore with long snout
sounder herd of pigs$ young boar
spatangoid kind of sea%urchin
springbok =outh 7frican antelope known for leaping
springhare =outh 7frican umping hare
steenbok small =outh 7frican antelope
stellion li'ard with starry spots
stirk yearling ox or cow$ pasture for yearlings
sumpter pack horse$ beast of burden
sunbittern brightly coloured =outh 7merican bird
suni dwarfed southern 7frican antelope
tabanid blood%sucking insect$ gad%8y
tahr wild 7sian goat with shaggy reddish coat
takin heavily built Bimalayan goatlike ruminant
tamandua arboreal !ew )orld anteater with hairless tail
tamaraw water bu1alo
tarpan small wild horse of southern <ussia
tayra small =outh 7merican weasel%like carnivore
teg a sheep in its second year$ the 8eece of such a sheep
tenrec spiny insectivorous mammal of Jadagascar
thamin small deer with curved horns, native to southeast 7sia
thylacine extinct doglike marsupial of Tasmania
tinamou ground%dwelling =outh 7merican bird
titi small =outh 7merican arboreal monkey
DC
topi reddish%brown antelope of sub%=aharan 7frica
trogon tropical bird with brilliant plumage
tsessebe central 7frican antelope with lyre%shaped horns
tuatara spiny reptile of !ew Pealand with vestigial third eye
tucutucu rat%like burrowing =outh 7merican rodent
turaco crested 7frican colourful bird with long tail and red wings
tu'a Jexican pouched rodent
uakari short%tailed, long%haired monkey
uguisu olive%plumed bush warbler
uintathere extinct 4leistocene hoofed herbivore
uraster star#sh
urial wild central 7sian sheep with reddish coat and long curved horns
urochs extinct wild ox or bison
uromastix spiky%tailed ground%dwelling li'ard
urraca noisy =outh 7merican bird
urubu black tropical !ew )orld vulture
va"uita small porpoise living in the Gulf of &alifornia
vedalia 7ustralian pest%eating ladybug
vicuna soft%8eeced 7ndean ruminant
vireo olive%gray insectivorous 7merican bird
viscacha =outh 7merican burrowing rodent
wapiti elk
wether castrated ram
whi1et paltry person$ little dog
whitecoat white%furred seal pup
widgeon freshwater duck
wisent extinct -uropean bison
woolbird sheep
xanthareel yellow eel formerly used in medicinal foods
xeme fork%tailed gull
xenops a small tropical rainforest bird
xenurine species of armadillo
xiphias sword#sh
xiphosuran horseshoe crab
yabby small edible freshwater cray#sh
ya9ngale green woodpecker
yakow animal crossbred from male yak and domestic cow
yapok an amphibious opossum of =outh 7merica
yeanling lamb$ kid
yelt a young sow
yelting glass%eyed snapper
yowie a little ewe
'ander a variety of -uropean perch
'ebrinny o1spring of male horse and female 'ebra
'ebrule hybrid o1spring of male 'ebra and female horse
'ebu ox with hump and dewlap
'emni blind mole%rat
'eren light brown Jongolian ga'elle
'ho cross between a yak and a cow
DD
'okor central 7sian mole%like burrowing rodent
'onure small =outh 7frican li'ard
'y''yva =outh 7merican weevil
ILLING AND ILLERS
7nyone who has looked at the news lately knows that the human species
seems to have an inordinate propensity for killing things. =imilarly, anyone
looking at this list of C> terms relating to killing will "uickly reali'e that humans
also have an inordinate propensity for making up words about killing things. 7ll
of these words end in 'cide', from ?atin caedere, to kill. Bowever, some of them
refer exclusively to the act of killing a speci#c thing +e.g. herbicide, while others
can refer alternately to the act itself or to the person performing the act +e.g.
homicide,. Ef all of these, though, perhaps the greatest crime of all is verbicide,
the brutal slaughter of our language by incompetents and ignoramuses. )ill the
atrocities never endM 7lso check out my list of #ghting words % those ending in
0machy0.
Word Defnition
aborticide killing of a fetus$ abortion
acaricide killer of mites and ticks
algicide killer of algae
amicicide murder of a friend
aphicide killer of aphids
aphidicide killer of aphids
avicide killing of birds
bacillicide killer of bacteria
bactericide killer of bacteria
biocide killing living material
bovicide slaughter of cattle$ one who kills cattle
ceticide killing of whales and other cetaceans
cimicide substance used to kill bed%bugs
deicide destruction or killing of a god
ecocide destruction of the environment
episcopicide killing of bishops
famicide one who destroys another's reputation$ slanderer
felicide killing of a cat
femicide killing of a woman
feticide killing of a fetus
#licide killing of one's own child
8oricide killing or killer of 8owers
foeticide killing a fetus
formicide substance that kills ants
fratricide killing of one's brother
fungicide killing of fungus
.00
genocide killing of a race or ethnic group
germicide substance that kills germs
giganticide killing of a giant
gynaecide killing of women
herbicide killing of plants
hereticide killing of heretics
homicide killing of a human being
infanticide killing of an infant
insecticide killing of insects
larvicide killing of larvae
liberticide destruction of liberty
lupicide killing of a wolf
mariticide killing or killer of one's husband
matricide killing of one's mother
menticide reduction of mind by psychological pressure
microbicide killing or killer of microbes
miticide agent which kills mites
molluscicide killing of mollusks
muscicide substance for killing 8ies
neonaticide killing or killer of a newborn infant
ovicide killing insect eggs
ovicide sheep%killing
parasiticide killing of parasites
parasuicide harmful act appearing to be an attempt at suicide
parenticide killing or killer of one's parents
parricide killing of parents or a parent%like close relative
patricide killing of one's father
perdricide killer of partridges
pesticide killing of pests
prolicide killing of o1spring$ killing of the human race
pulicide 8ea%killer
raticide substance or person who kills rats
regicide killing of a monarch
rodenticide killing of rodents
senicide killing of old men
serpenticide killing or killer of a snake
siblicide killing or killer of a sibling
silvicide substance that kills trees
sororicide killing of one's own sister
speciocide destruction of an entire species
spermicide killing of sperm
sporicide killing of spores
suicide killing of oneself
taeniacide killing of tapeworms
tauricide killing or killer of a bull
trypanocide killing of trypanosomes
tyrannicide killing or killer of a tyrant
urbicide destruction of a city
ursicide killing or killer of a bear
.0.
utricide one who stabs an in8ated skin vessel instead of killing someone
uxoricide killing of one's own wife
vaticide killing or killer of a prophet
verbicide destroying the meaning of a word
vermicide killing of worms
vespacide substance or person who kills wasps
viricide killing of viruses$ killing of men or of husbands
virucide killing of viruses
vulpicide killing of a fox
weedicide something that kills weeds
DANCE ST!LES
3'm not a particularly good dancer, being part of that generation for which
dancing involves shuFing one's feet about randomly while gyrating in
provocative ways. 3 do manage to keep my feet o1 my wife's, though +well,
most of the time,. This list of .0> dances won't actually turn you into a master
of the ballroom, but it may help you recogni'e and understand the di1erences
between certain dances. Kance styles vary immensely both by time period and
by region, so please let me know if you know of other styles that 3 haven't
listed. 4lease note that it's rather di9cult to de#ne a complex dance in one line,
and so 3've avoided a lot of detail about speci#c steps, etc.
Word Defnition
allemande courtly baro"ue dance in which the arms are interlaced
beguine vigorous &aribbean dance
bergamask country dance
bolero =panish dance with sudden pauses and sharp turns
bossa%nova Gra'ilian dance similar to samba
boston walt'%like dance
bourr*e 2rench baro"ue dance with "uick rhythm
bransle an old 2rench follow%the%leader dance
buck%and%wing solo tap dance with many leg 8ings and leaps
cabriole curved furniture leg ending in a ball$ exuberant dance or caper
cakewalk prancing stage dance with backward tilt
canary lively <enaissance courtly dance
cancan 2rench woman's dance involving high kicks while holding up front of skirt
carioca variation of the samba
cha%cha fast rhythmic ballroom dance
chaconne =panish baro"ue dance in triple time
&harleston fast%paced .D(0s dance characteri'ed by energetic kicking
cin"ue%pace lively medieval dance with #ve steps
conga 7fro%&ongan dance performed by a group in a single line
contredanse folk dance in which two lines of couples face each other
cotillion elaborate ballroom dance with fre"uent changes of partner
.0(
courante "uick 3talian baro"ue dance involving running steps
c'ardas Bungarian dance that increases in speed
doppio double meter <enaissance dance step
ductia vigorous stamping dance
dump obsolete -nglish dance in /O/ time
estampie vigorous rhythmic 4rovenQal stamping dance
fandango lively =panish dance performed by a couple
farandole lively 4rovenQal dance in which men and women hold hands
farruca =panish gypsy dance with sudden tempo and mood changes
8amenco vigorous rhythmic dance originating with Gypsies
fox%trot slow and complex ballroom dance
galliard sprightly <enaissance and Garo"ue dance
galop lively double%time dance
gavotte moderate tempo 2rench peasant dance
gigue lively Garo"ue dance in triple time
habanera slow and seductive &uban dance
hambo =wedish folk dance in three%four time
hora circle dance
hornpipe lively Gritish folk dance
hula sinuous 4olynesian dance with rhythmic hip movements
hustle lively disco dance derived from swing elements with a plus%like pattern
ig springy and sprightly dance
itterbug a'' dance featuring vigorous acrobatic feats
ive fast dance done to a'' or swing music
ota fast =panish folk dance in triple time
uba dance with clapping and leg slapping performed by =outhern blacks
ka'achoc =lavic fast dance in which dancer s"uats and kicks out legs alternately
ka'at'ka =lavic folk dance performed by a couple
ketak traditional Galinese dance accompanied by male chorus
kolo &entral -uropean folk dance having a ring of dancers
lavolta lively bouncy dance for two persons
limbo dance of the )est 3ndies where dancers pass under hori'ontal pole
lindy hop lively dance closely resembling the itterbug and famous for its aerials
malaguena =panish dance performed by a couple, similar to the fandango
mambo &uban ballroom dance resembling the rumba or cha%cha
matachin =panish ritualised sword%dance or battle dance
maxixe Gra'ilian ballroom dance resembling the two%step
ma'urka 4olish folk dance in moderate triple measure
merengue &aribbean ballroom dance in which feet are fre"uently dragged
minuet slow and stately Garo"ue dance in 3O/ time
moresco a Joorish dance or morris%dance
morris vigorous -nglish dance performed by costumed men
one%step ballroom dance marked by "uick walking steps
paso%doble "uick =panish one%step dance
passacaglia slow solemn 3talian or =panish dance
passepied Greton dance resembling a "uick minuet
pavane stately -nglish <enaissance court dance
polacca stately 4olish dance$ polonaise
polka lively Gohemian dance for a couple
.03
polonaise stately 4olish dance of moderate tempo
"uadrille s"uare dance for four couples$ card game for four people
"uickstep fast march%like dance
reel lively dance of the =cottish Bighlands
rigadoon lively Garo"ue period dance
round dance in a ring
roundel anything circular$ circle$ disc$ ring%dance
rumba &uban ballroom dance with pronounced hip movements
salsa fast ?atin 7merican a''%in8uenced dance
saltarello lively 3talian dance
samba Gra'ilian dance of 7frican origin
sarabande stately =panish Garo"ue court dance
schottische old polka%like round dance
seguidilla =panish folk dance
shag dance where participants hop energetically
shimmy a'' dance featuring rapid shaking of the body
shuFe dance featuring sliding or scraping of the feet
stomp a'' dance featuring heavy stamping of the feet
strathspey reel%like =cottish dance of moderate tempo
tango ?atin%7merican +orig. 7rgentinian, ballroom dance with long pauses
tarantella fast violent 3talian folk dance
tordion <enaissance dance similar to but slower than a galliard
tricotee lively old dance
twist dance featuring many gyrations of the hips
two%step ballroom dance with two main steps
varsovienne polka%like 4olish dance
veleta -nglish ballroom round dance for couples
volta old leaping dance
walt' ballroom dance in 3O/ time
'amacueca &hilean dance where partners move around each other
'ambra =panish dance
'apateado ?atin%7merican dance with rhythmic tapping of the feet
'iganka <ussian country dance
'oppetto medieval 3talian limping hop dance
'ouk &aribbean disco dance and corresponding type of fast rhythmic music
COLOUR TERMS
This list contains .@C de#nitions of obscure colour terms using
combinations of 'normal' colours of the rainbow and descriptive adectives$ e.g.
cardinal H deep scarlet red$ russet H reddish brown. !ote that most -nglish
speakers outside the I.=. spell colour with the added Gritish 'u' rather than the
7merican version color. Kon't worry if the colours +or colors, in your universe
don't match up with the de#nitions 3've given for these words, though % 3've
been known to have skewed perceptions of reality ...
.0/
Word Defnition
aeneous shining bron'e colour
albicant whitish$ becoming white
albugineous like the white of an eye or an egg$ white%coloured
amaranthine immortal$ undying$ deep purple%red colour
argent the heraldic colour silver or white
atrous et black
aubergine eggplant$ a dark purple colour
aurulent gold%coloured
a'uline blue
a'ure light or sky blue$ the heraldic colour blue
badious chestnut%coloured
beige light creamy white%brown
brunneous dark brown
burnet dark brown$ dark woollen cloth
caesious bluish or greyish green
cardinal deep scarlet red colour
castaneous chestnut%coloured
castory brown colour$ brown dye derived from beaver pelts
celadon pale green$ pale green gla'ed pottery
celeste sky blue
cerulean sky%blue$ dark blue$ sea%green
cesious bluish%grey
chartreuse yellow%green colour
chlorochrous green%coloured
chrysochlorous greenish%gold
cinerious ashen$ ash%grey
cinnabar red crystalline mercuric sul#de pigment$ deep red or scarlet colour
citreous lemon%coloured$ lemony
citrine dark greenish%yellow
claret dark red%purple colour$ a dark%red wine
coccineous bright red
columbine of or like a dove$ dove%coloured
co"uelicot brilliant red$ poppy red
corbeau blackish green
cramoisy crimson
cretaceous of or resembling chalk$ of a whitish colour
croceate sa1ron%coloured
cyaneous sky blue
eau%de%nil pale green colour
eburnean of or like ivory$ ivory%coloured
erythraean reddish colour
ferruginous of the colour of rust$ impregnated with iron
#lemot dead%leaf colour$ dull brown
8ammeous 8ame%coloured
8avescent yellowish or turning yellow
fuliginous sooty$ dusky$ soot%coloured$ of or pertaining to soot
fulvous dull yellow$ tawny
fuscous brown$ tawny$ dingy
.0>
gamboge reddish%yellow colour
glaucous sea%green$ greyish%blue
goldenrod dark golden yellow
greige of a grey%beige colour
gridelin violet%grey
griseous pearl%grey or blue%grey$ gri''led
haematic blood%coloured
heliotrope purplish hue$ purplish%8owered plant$ ancient sundial$ signalling mirror
hoary pale silver%grey colour$ grey with age
hyacinthine of a blue or purple colour
ianthine violet%coloured
ibis large stork%like bird$ a pale apricot colour
icterine yellowish or marked with yellow
icteritious aundiced$ yellow
incarnadine carnation%coloured$ blood%red
indigo deep blue%violet colour$ a blue%violet dye
infuscate clouded or tinged with brown$ obscured$ cloudy brown colour
isabelline greyish yellow
acinthe orange colour
essamy yellow like a asmine
kermes brilliant red colour$ a red dye derived from insects
khaki light brown or tan
lateritious brick%red
leucochroic white or pale%coloured
liard grey$ dapple%grey
lovat grey%green$ blue%green
lurid red%yellow$ yellow%brown
luteolous yellowish
luteous golden%yellow
lutescent yellowish
madder red dye made from bra'il wood$ a reddish or red%orange colour
magenta reddish purple
maroon brownish crimson
mauve light bluish purple
ma'arine rich blue or reddish%blue colour
melanic black$ very dark
melichrous having a honey%like colour
meline canary%yellow
miniaceous colour of reddish lead
minium vermilion$ red lead
modena crimson
morel dark%coloured horse$ blackish colour
nacarat bright orange%red
nankeen bu1%coloured$ durable bu1%coloured cotton
nigricant of a blackish colour
nigrine black
niveous snowy$ white
ochre yellowish or yellow%brown colour
ochroleucous yellowish white
.0@
olivaceous olive%coloured
or heraldic colour gold or yellow
pavonated peacock%blue
periwinkle a bluish or a'ure colour$ a plant with bluish 8owers
perse dark blue or bluish%grey$ cloth of such a colour
phoeniceous bright scarlet%red colour
piceous like pitch$ in8ammable$ reddish black
plumbeous leaden$ lead%coloured
ponceau poppy red
porphyrous purple
porraceous leek%green
prasinous leek%green colour
primrose pale yellow
puccoon blood%root$ dark red colour
puce brownish%purple$ purplish%pink
puniceous bright or purplish red
purpure heraldic colour purple
purpureal purple
pyrrhous reddish$ ruddy
rhodopsin visual purple
rubiginous rusty%coloured
rubious ruby red$ rusty
rufous reddish or brownish%red
russet reddish brown
sable black$ dark$ of a black colour in heraldry
sa1ron orange%yellow
sage grey%green colour
sanguineous bloody$ of, like or pertaining to blood$ blood%red
sapphire deep pure blue
sarcoline 8esh%coloured
sepia #ne brown
sinopia preparatory drawing for a fresco$ reddish%brown colour
slate dull dark blue%grey
smalt deep blue
smaragdine emerald green
solferino purplish red
sorrel reddish%brown$ light chestnut
spadiceous chestnut%coloured
stammel coarse woollen fabric, usually dyed red$ bright red colour
stramineous strawy$ light$ worthless$ straw%coloured
suede light beige
sulphureous bright yellow
tan tawny brown
taupe brownish%grey
tawny brownish%yellow
teal greenish%blue
terracotta reddish%brown
testaceous of or having a hard shell$ brick%red
tilleul pale yellowish%green
.0A
titian red%gold or reddish%brown
topa' dark yellow
tur"uoise blue%green
ultramarine deep blue
umber brownish red
vermeil bright red or vermilion colour$ gilded silver
vermilion bright red
vinaceous wine%coloured
vinous deep red$ burgundy
violaceous violet%coloured
violet bluish purple
virescent becoming green or greenish$ of a greenish colour
virid green
viridian chrome green
vitellary bright yellow
wall8ower yellowish%red
watchet pale blue
wheaten the golden colour of ripe wheat
whey o1%white
willowish of the colour of willow leaves
xanthic yellow$ yellowish
'innober chrome green
CARRIAGES AND CHARIOTS
-ach of the >C vehicles listed here is wheeled and non%motori'ed % a
carriage, chariot, cart, buggy or similar thing. 3n general, this means that they
will be horse%drawn +or donkey%drawn, or ... well, you get the picture,. 7 number
of these terms are foreign and thus 3 have adopted -nglish orthography where
appropriate.
Word Defnition
araba wheeled Jiddle -astern carriage
barouche four%wheeled hooded carriage
berlin four%wheeled covered carriage
britska open four%wheeled carriage
brouette small two%wheeled carriage
brougham one%horse closed carriage
cabriolet two%wheeled carriage
calash light low%wheeled carriage with folding top
cariole light open carriage
caroche stately carriage used on ceremonial occasions
chaise light open carriage for one or two people
charabanc open tourist coach with benches
clarence four%wheeled carriage
.0C
coupe four%wheeled closed horse%drawn carriage
curricle two%wheeled open carriage
dennet light two%wheeled carriage
d*sobligeante carriage for one passenger
diligence horse%drawn stage%coach
dogcart light two%wheeled carriage with seats back%to%back
dos%a%dos carriage where passengers seated back to back
droskhy low four%wheeled open carriage
ekka small one%horse carriage
#acre hackney coach$ cab
fourgon baggage%wagon
gharry box%like Jiddle -astern horse%drawn cab
gig light two%wheeled one%horse carriage
hackney four%wheeled two%horse carriage
hansom light two%wheeled cab
herdic low%hung carriage with back entrance
inker light horse%drawn passenger carriage
karro''in Jaltese horse%drawn carriage
landau horse%drawn carriage with folding top
noddy plain two%wheeled horse%drawn cart
phaeton open four%wheeled carriage
"uadriga two%wheeled carriage drawn by four horses
roadster light carriage
rockaway light four%wheeled carriage with #xed top and open sides
rulley 8at four%wheeled wagon for carrying goods
shandry light cart on springs
shay open carriage or chaise
sociable four%wheeled open carriage with side%seats
spider light high%wheeled carriage
stanhope light open one%seated carriage
sulky light two%wheeled, one%person horse%drawn carriage
surrey light four%wheeled carriage with two seats
tandem two%seated carriage with horses harnessed in series
tarantas four%wheeled carriage mounted on poles
telega four%wheeled springless wagon
tilbury light open two%wheeled carriage
timwhisky light carriage for one or two people, pulled by one or two horses
tonga light two%wheeled carriage
trap light one%horse carriage with springs
troika carriage drawn by three horses
tum%tum dog%cart
vettura carriage, cab or car
victoria light open two%seated four%wheeled carriage
vis%a%vis light carriage with seats facing one another
wagonette carriage with one crosswise seat in front, two seats in back
.0D
ST!LES OF SPEECH
Bere we have >/ words referring to manners or styles of speaking, words
that use the su9x '%lo"uent', '%lo"uence', or '%lo"uy', from ?atin loqui +to speak,.
)hile in an age of text%messaging, public speaking has lost its once%vaunted
status as a communication medium, as long as people meet face to face, others
will udge them on their manner of speech. 7s a university instructor, 3 know
only too well the perils of many of these words. Ene of my +friendly, rival word
lists online and a favourite site of mine is the Grandilo"uent Kictionary.
&uriously, many '%lo"uence'%su9xed words are lost words, and thus cannot be
included here.
Word Defnition
alienilo"uy speech on subects other than the matter at hand$ o1%topic speech
allo"uy speaking to another or many others$ an address
altilo"uence pompous or high speech
ambilo"uous using dubious or ambiguous expressions
amphorilo"uy cavernous voice of a patient heard over a patient's lung cavity
antelo"uy a preface
antilo"uy speaking against some idea$ contradicting or gainsaying
bilo"uist one capable of speaking with two distinct voices
blandilo"uence complimentary speech$ 8attery
blesilo"uent speaking with a stammer or lisp
brevilo"uence short%windedness$ tendency towards brevity in speech
cavernilo"uy cavernous voice of a patient heard over a patient's lung cavity
centilo"uy work consisting of one hundred aphorisms, attributed to 4tolemy
collo"uy speaking together$ mutual discourse
dentilo"uent speaking with clenched teeth
diversilo"uent speaking in di1erent ways$ speaking on di1erent subects
doctilo"uent speaking learnedly
dulcilo"uent speaking sweetly
elo"uence forceful and appealing speech
falsilo"uence deceitful speech
fatilo"uent speaking prophetically$ declaring fate
8exilo"uent speaking ambiguously or using words of doubtful meaning
gastrilo"uist ventrilo"uist
grandilo"uent bombastic
inanilo"uent prone to foolish or empty babbling
inelo"uence unappealing speech
largilo"uent talkative$ full of words
longilo"uence long%winded language
lo"uence speech
magnilo"uent speaking in a grand or pompous style
mellilo"uent speaking harmoniously or sweetly
mendacilo"uence lying speech
multilo"uence talkativeness$ use of many words
..0
oblo"uy censure$ calumny$ slander$ disgrace
omnilo"uent speaking on all subects
parcilo"uy laconic speech
paucilo"uent of few words$ speaking little
pectorilo"uy sound of patient:s voice as heard through stethoscope
planilo"uent speaking plainly
plenilo"uence excessive talking$ fullness of speech
polylo"uent speaking much$ lo"uacious
sanctilo"uent speaking on heavenly or holy matters
sialo"uent spitting greatly while speaking
solilo"uent speaking in solilo"uies$ prone to giving solilo"uies
solilo"uy talking or conversing with oneself$ dramatic production of this nature
somnilo"uence talking in one:s sleep
stultilo"uence foolish or senseless talk
suavilo"uence pleasing or agreeable speech
tardilo"uent speaking slowly
tolutilo"uence smooth or 8owing speech
tristilo"uy mournful manner of speech
vanilo"uence vain or foolish talk
ventrilo"uism speaking so that the voice appears to come from elsewhere
verilo"uent speaking truthfully$ truthful
SCIENCES AND STUDIES
This list de#nes @33 sciences, arts and studies of various degrees of
respectability and rarity, ranging from the common and esteemed +chemistry,
to the obscure and "uirky +peristerophily,. Ever the past century, the range and
scope of scienti#c endeavours has expanded exponentially, so that practically
any #eld of study has a name associated with it. Jost of these terms end in
'ology', from the Greek logos, meaning 'word'.
Word Defnition
acarology study of mites
accidence grammar book$ science of in8ections in grammar
aceology therapeutics
acology study of medical remedies
acoustics science of sound
adenology study of glands
aedoeology science of generative organs
aerobiology study of airborne organisms
aerodonetics science or study of gliding
aerodynamics dynamics of gases$ science of movement in a 8ow of air or gas
aerolithology study of aerolites$ meteorites
aerology study of the atmosphere
aeronautics study of navigation through air or space
...
aerophilately collecting of air%mail stamps
aerostatics science of air pressure$ art of ballooning
agonistics art and theory of pri'e%#ghting
agriology the comparative study of primitive peoples
agrobiology study of plant nutrition$ soil yields
agrology study of agricultural soils
agronomics study of productivity of land
agrostology science or study of grasses
alethiology study of truth
algedonics science of pleasure and pain
algology study of algae
anaesthesiology study of anaesthetics
anaglyptics art of carving in bas%relief
anagraphy art of constructing catalogues
anatomy study of the structure of the body
andragogy science of teaching adults
anemology study of winds
angelology study of angels
angiology study of blood 8ow and lymphatic system
anthropobiology study of human biology
anthropology study of human cultures
aphnology science of wealth
apiology study of bees
arachnology study of spiders
archaeology study of human material remains
archelogy the study of #rst principles
archology science of the origins of government
arctophily study of teddy bears
areology study of Jars
aretaics the science of virtue
aristology the science or art of dining
arthrology study of oints
astacology the science of cray#sh
astheniology study of diseases of weakening and aging
astrogeology study of extraterrestrial geology
astrology study of in8uence of stars on people
astrometeorology study of e1ect of stars on climate
astronomy study of celestial bodies
astrophysics study of behaviour of interstellar matter
astroseismology study of star oscillations
atmology the science of a"ueous vapour
audiology study of hearing
autecology study of ecology of one species
autology scienti#c study of oneself
auxology science of growth
avionics the science of electronic devices for aircraft
axiology the science of the ultimate nature of values
bacteriology study of bacteria
balneology the science of the therapeutic use of baths
..(
barodynamics science of the support and mechanics of bridges
barology study of gravitation
batology the study of brambles
bibliology study of books
bibliotics study of documents to determine authenticity
bioecology study of interaction of life in the environment
biology study of life
biometrics study of biological measurement
bionomics study of organisms interacting in their environments
botany study of plants
bromatology study of food
brontology scienti#c study of thunder
bryology the study of mosses and liverworts
cacogenics study of racial degeneration
caliology study of bird's nests
calori#cs study of heat
cambistry science of international exchange
campanology the art of bell ringing
carcinology study of crabs and other crustaceans
cardiology study of the heart
caricology study of sedges
carpology study of fruit
cartography the science of making maps and globes
cartophily the hobby of collecting cigarette cards
castrametation the art of designing a camp
catacoustics science of echoes or re8ected sounds
catalactics science of commercial exchange
catechectics the art of teaching by "uestion and answer
cetology study of whales and dolphins
chalcography the art of engraving on copper or brass
chalcotriptics art of taking rubbings from ornamental brasses
chaology the study of chaos or chaos theory
characterology study of development of character
chemistry study of properties of substances
chirocosmetics beautifying the hands$ art of manicure
chirography study of handwriting or penmanship
chirology study of the hands
chiropody medical science of feet
chorology science of the geographic description of anything
chrematistics the study of wealth$ political economy
chronobiology study of biological rhythms
chrysology study of precious metals
ciselure the art of chasing metal
climatology study of climate
clinology study of aging or individual decline after maturity
codicology study of manuscripts
coleopterology study of beetles and weevils
cometology study of comets
conchology study of shells
..3
coprology study of pornography
cosmetology study of cosmetics
cosmology study of the universe
craniology study of the skull
criminology study of crime$ criminals
cryobiology study of life under cold conditions
cryptology study of codes
crypto'oology study of animals for whose existence there is no conclusive proof
ctetology study of the inheritance of ac"uired characteristics
cynology scienti#c study of dogs
cytology study of living cells
dactyliology study of rings
dactylography the study of #ngerprints
dactylology study of sign language
deltiology the collection and study of picture postcards
demology study of human behaviour
demonology study of demons
dendrochronology study of tree rings
dendrology study of trees
deontology the theory or study of moral obligation
dermatoglyphics the study of skin patterns and #ngerprints
dermatology study of skin
desmology study of ligaments
diabology study of devils
diagraphics art of making diagrams or drawings
dialectology study of dialects
dioptrics study of light refraction
diplomatics science of deciphering ancient writings and texts
diplomatology study of diplomats
docimology the art of assaying
dosiology the study of doses
dramaturgy art of producing and staging dramatic works
dysgenics the study of racial degeneration
dysteleology study of purposeless organs
ecclesiology study of church a1airs
eccrinology study of excretion
ecology study of environment
economics study of material wealth
edaphology study of soils
-gyptology study of ancient -gypt
ekistics study of human settlement
electrochemistry study of relations between electricity and chemicals
electrology study of electricity
electrostatics study of static electricity
embryology study of embryos
emetology study of vomiting
emmenology the study of menstruation
endemiology study of local diseases
endocrinology study of glands
../
enigmatology study of enigmas
entomology study of insects
ento'oology study of parasites that live inside larger organisms
en'ymology study of en'ymes
ephebiatrics branch of medicine dealing with adolescence
epidemiology study of diseases$ epidemics
epileptology study of epilepsy
epistemology study of grounds of knowledge
eremology study of deserts
ergology study of e1ects of work on humans
ergonomics study of people at work
escapology study of freeing oneself from constraints
eschatology study of death$ #nal matters
ethnogeny study of origins of races or ethnic groups
ethnology study of cultures
ethnomethodology study of everyday communication
ethnomusicology study of comparative musical systems
ethology study of natural or biological character
ethonomics study of economic and ethical principles of a society
etiology the science of causes$ especially of disease
etymology study of origins of words
euthenics science concerned with improving living conditions
exobiology study of extraterrestrial life
8oristry the art of cultivating and selling 8owers
8uviology study of watercourses
folkloristics study of folklore and fables
futurology study of future
garbology study of garbage
gastroenterology study of stomach$ intestines
gastronomy study of #ne dining
gemmology study of gems and ewels
genealogy study of descent of families
genesiology study of reproduction and heredity
genethlialogy the art of casting horoscopes
geochemistry study of chemistry of the earth's crust
geochronology study of measuring geological time
geogeny science of the formation of the earth's crust
geogony study of formation of the earth
geography study of surface of the earth and its inhabitants
geology study of earth's crust
geomorphogeny study of the origins of land forms
geoponics study of agriculture
geotechnics study of increasing habitability of the earth
geratology study of decadence and decay
gerocomy study of old age
gerontology study of the elderly$ aging
gigantology study of giants
glaciology study of ice ages and glaciation
glossology study of language$ study of the tongue
..>
glyptography the art of engraving on gems
glyptology study of gem engravings
gnomonics the art of measuring time using sundials
gnosiology study of knowledge$ philosophy of knowledge
gnotobiology study of life in germ%free conditions
graminology study of grasses
grammatology study of systems of writing
graphemics study of systems of representing speech in writing
graphology study of handwriting
gromatics science of surveying
gynaecology study of women:s physiology
gyrostatics the study of rotating bodies
haemataulics study of movement of blood through blood vessels
hagiology study of saints
halieutics study of #shing
hamartiology study of sin
harmonics study of musical acoustics
hedonics part of ethics or psychology dealing with pleasure
helcology study of ulcers
heliology science of the sun
helioseismology study of sun's interior by observing its surface oscillations
helminthology study of worms
hematology study of blood
heortology study of religious feasts
hepatology study of liver
heraldry study of coats of arms
heresiology study of heresies
herpetology study of reptiles and amphibians
hierology science of sacred matters
hippiatrics study of diseases of horses
hippology the study of horses
histology study of the tissues of organisms
histopathology study of changes in tissue due to disease
historiography study of writing history
historiology study of history
homiletics the art of preaching
hoplology the study of weapons
horography art of constructing sundials or clocks
horology science of time measurement
horticulture study of gardening
hydrobiology study of a"uatic organisms
hydrodynamics study of movement in li"uids
hydrogeology study of ground water
hydrography study of investigating bodies of water
hydrokinetics study of motion of 8uids
hydrology study of water resources
hydrometeorology study of atmospheric moisture
hydropathy study of treating diseases with water
hyetology science of rainfall
..@
hygiastics science of health and hygiene
hygienics study of sanitation$ health
hygiology hygienics$ study of cleanliness
hygrology study of humidity
hygrometry science of humidity
hymnography study of writing hymns
hymnology study of hymns
hypnology study of sleep$ study of hypnosis
hypsography science of measuring heights
iamatology study of remedies
iatrology treatise or text on medical topics$ study of medicine
iatromathematics archaic practice of medicine in conunction with astrology
ichnography art of drawing ground plans$ a ground plan
ichnology science of fossili'ed footprints
ichthyology study of #sh
iconography study of drawing symbols
iconology study of icons$ symbols
ideogeny study of origins of ideas
ideology science of ideas$ system of ideas used to ustify behaviour
idiomology study of idiom, argon or dialect
idiopsychology psychology of one's own mind
immunogenetics study of genetic characteristics of immunity
immunology study of immunity
immunopathology study of immunity to disease
insectology study of insects
irenology the study of peace
iridology study of the iris$ diagnosis of disease based on the iris of the eye
kalology study of beauty
karyology study of cell nuclei
kidology study of kidding
kinematics study of motion
kinesics study of gestural communication
kinesiology study of human movement and posture
kinetics study of forces producing or changing motion
koniology study of atmospheric pollutants and dust
ktenology science of putting people to death
kymatology study of wave motion
labeorphily collection and study of beer bottle labels
larithmics study of population statistics
laryngology study of larynx
lepidopterology study of butter8ies and moths
leprology study of leprosy
lexicology study of words and their meanings
lexigraphy art of de#nition of words
lichenology study of lichens
limacology study of slugs
limnobiology study of freshwater ecosystems
limnology study of bodies of fresh water
linguistics study of language
..A
lithology study of rocks
liturgiology study of liturgical forms and church rituals
loimology study of plagues and epidemics
loxodromy study of sailing along rhumb%lines
magirics art of cookery
magnanerie art of raising silkworms
magnetics study of magnetism
malacology study of molluscs
malariology study of malaria
mammalogy study of mammals
manRge the art of horsemanship
Jariology study of the Lirgin Jary
martyrology study of martyrs
mastology study of mammals
mathematics study of magnitude, number, and forms
ma'ology mammalogy$ study of mammals
mechanics study of action of force on bodies
meconology study of or treatise concerning opium
melittology study of bees
mereology study of part%whole relationships
mesology ecology
metallogeny study of the origin and distribution of metal deposits
metallography study of the structure and constitution of metals
metallurgy study of alloying and treating metals
metaphysics study of principles of nature and thought
metapolitics study of politics in theory or abstract
metapsychology study of nature of the mind
meteoritics the study of meteors
meteorology study of weather
metrics study of versi#cation
metrology science of weights and measures
microanatomy study of microscopic tissues
microbiology study of microscopic organisms
microclimatology study of local climates
micrology study or discussion of trivialities
micropalaeontology study of microscopic fossils
microphytology study of very small plant life
microscopy study of minute obects
mineralogy study of minerals
molinology study of mills and milling
momilogy study of mummies
morphology study of forms and the development of structures
muscology the study of mosses
museology the study of museums
musicology study of music
mycology study of funguses
myology study of muscles
myrmecology study of ants
mythology study of myths$ fables$ tales
..C
naology study of church or temple architecture
nasology study of the nose
nautics art of navigation
nematology the study of nematodes
neonatology study of newborn babies
neossology study of nestling birds
nephology study of clouds
nephrology study of the kidneys
neurobiology study of anatomy of the nervous system
neurology study of nervous system
neuropsychology study of relation between brain and behaviour
neurypnology study of hypnotism
neutrosophy study of the origin and nature of philosophical neutralities
nidology study of nests
nomology the science of the laws$ especially of the mind
noology science of the intellect
nosology study of diseases
nostology study of senility
notaphily collecting of bank%notes and che"ues
numerology study of numbers
numismatics study of coins
nymphology study of nymphs
obstetrics study of midwifery
oceanography study of oceans
oceanology study of oceans
odology science of the hypothetical mystical force of od
odontology study of teeth
oenology study of wines
oikology science of housekeeping
olfactology study of the sense of smell
ombrology study of rain
oncology study of tumours
oneirology study of dreams
onomasiology study of nomenclature
onomastics study of proper names
ontology science of pure being$ the nature of things
oology study of eggs
ophiology study of snakes
ophthalmology study of eye diseases
optics study of light
optology study of sight
optometry science of examining the eyes
orchidology study of orchids
ornithology study of birds
orology study of mountains
orthoepy study of correct pronunciation
orthography study of spelling
orthopterology study of cockroaches
oryctology mineralogy or paleontology
..D
osmics scienti#c study of smells
osmology study of smells and olfactory processes
osphresiology study of the sense of smell
osteology study of bones
otology study of the ear
otorhinolaryngology study of ear, nose and throat
paedology study of children
paedotrophy art of rearing children
paidonosology study of children's diseases$ pediatrics
palaeoanthropology study of early humans
palaeobiology study of fossil plants and animals
palaeoclimatology study of ancient climates
palaeolimnology study of ancient #sh
palaeolimnology study of ancient lakes
palaeontology study of fossils
palaeopedology study of early soils
paleobotany study of ancient plants
paleo%osteology study of ancient bones
palynology study of pollen
papyrology study of paper
parapsychology study of unexplained mental phenomena
parasitology study of parasites
paroemiology study of proverbs
parthenology study of virgins
pataphysics the science of imaginary solutions
pathology study of disease
patrology study of early &hristianity
pedagogics study of teaching
pedology study of soils
pelology study of mud
penology study of crime and punishment
periodontics study of gums
peristerophily pigeon%collecting
pestology science of pests
petrology study of rocks
pharmacognosy study of drugs of animal and plant origin
pharmacology study of drugs
pharology study of lighthouses
pharyngology study of the throat
phenology study of organisms as a1ected by climate
phenomenology study of phenomena
philately study of postage stamps
philematology the act or study of kissing
phillumeny collecting of matchbox labels
philology study of ancient texts$ historical linguistics
philosophy science of knowledge or wisdom
phoniatrics study and correction of speech defects
phonology study of speech sounds
photobiology study of e1ects of light on organisms
.(0
phraseology study of phrases
phrenology study of bumps on the head
phycology study of algae and seaweeds
physics study of properties of matter and energy
physiology study of processes of life
phytology study of plants$ botany
piscatology study of #shes
pisteology science or study of faith
planetology study of planets
plutology political economy$ study of wealth
pneumatics study of mechanics of gases
podiatry study and treatment of disorders of the foot$ chiropody
podology study of the feet
polemology study of war
pomology study of fruit%growing
posology science of "uantity or dosage
potamology study of rivers
praxeology study of practical or e9cient activity$ science of e9cient action
primatology study of primates
proctology study of rectum
prosody study of versi#cation
protistology study of protists
proxemics study of man:s need for personal space
psalligraphy the art of paper%cutting to make pictures
psephology study of election results and voting trends
pseudology art or science of lying
pseudoptics study of optical illusions
psychobiology study of biology of the mind
psychogenetics study of internal or mental states
psychognosy study of mentality, personality or character
psychology study of mind
psychopathology study of mental illness
psychophysics study of link between mental and physical processes
pteridology study of ferns
pterylology study of distribution of feathers on birds
pyretology study of fevers
pyrgology study of towers
pyroballogy study of artillery
pyrography study of woodburning
"uinology study of "uinine
raciology study of racial di1erences
radiology study of S%rays and their medical applications
re8exology study of re8exes
rhabdology knowledge or learning concerning divining rods
rhabdology art of calculating using numbering rods
rheology science of the deformation or 8ow of matter
rheumatology study of rheumatism
rhinology study of the nose
rhochrematics science of inventory management and the movement of products
.(.
runology study of runes
sarcology study of 8eshy parts of the body
satanology study of the devil
scatology study of excrement or obscene literature
schematonics art of using gesture to express tones
sciagraphy art of shading
scripophily collection of bond and share certi#cates
sedimentology study of sediment
seismology study of earth"uakes
selenodesy study of the shape and features of the moon
selenology study of the moon
semantics study of meaning
semantology science of meanings of words
semasiology study of meaning$ semantics
semiology study of signs and signals
semiotics study of signs and symbols
serology study of serums
sexology study of sexual behaviour
siderography art of engraving on steel
sigillography study of seals
signi#cs science of meaning
silvics study of tree's life
sindonology study of the shroud of Turin
=inology study of &hina
sitology dietetics
sociobiology study of biological basis of human behaviour
sociology study of society
somatology science of the properties of matter
sophiology science of ideas
soteriology study of theological salvation
spectrology study of ghosts
spectroscopy study of spectra
speleology study and exploration of caves
spermology study of seeds
sphagnology study of peat moss
sphragistics study of seals and signets
sphygmology study of the pulse
splanchnology study of the entrails or viscera
spongology study of sponges
stasiology study of political parties
statics study of bodies and forces in e"uilibrium
stemmatology study of relationships between texts
stoichiology science of elements of animal tissues
stomatology study of the mouth
storiology study of folk tales
stratigraphy study of geological layers or strata
stratography art of leading an army
stylometry studying literature by means of statistical analysis
suicidology study of suicide
.((
symbology study of symbols
symptomatology study of symptoms of illness
synecology study of ecological communities
synectics study of processes of invention
syntax study of sentence structure
syphilology study of syphilis
systematology study of systems
taxidermy art of curing and stu9ng animals
tectonics science of structure of obects, buildings and landforms
tegestology study and collecting of beer mats
teleology study of #nal causes$ analysis in terms of purpose
telmatology study of swamps
teratology study of monsters, freaks, abnormal growths or malformations
teuthology study of cephalopods
textology study of the production of texts
thalassography science of the sea
thanatology study of death and its customs
thaumatology study of miracles
theology study of religion$ religious doctrine
theriatrics veterinary medicine
theriogenology study of animals' reproductive systems
thermodynamics study of relation of heat to motion
thermokinematics study of motion of heat
thermology study of heat
therology study of wild mammals
thremmatology science of breeding domestic animals and plants
threpsology science of nutrition
tidology study of tides
timbrology study of postage stamps
tocology obstetrics$ midwifery
tonetics study of pronunciation
topology study of places and their natural features
toponymics study of place%names
toreutics study of artistic work in metal
toxicology study of poisons
toxophily love of archery$ archery$ study of archery
traumatology study of wounds and their e1ects
tribology study of friction and wear between surfaces
trichology study of hair and its disorders
trophology study of nutrition
tsiganology study of gypsies
turnery art of turning in a lathe
typhlology study of blindness and the blind
typography art of printing or using type
typology study of types of things
ufology study of alien spacecraft
uranography descriptive astronomy and mapping
uranology study of the heavens$ astronomy
urbanology study of cities
.(3
urenology study of rust molds
urology study of urine$ urinary tract
venereology study of venereal disease
vermeology study of worms
vexillology study of 8ags
victimology study of victims
vinology scienti#c study of vines and winemaking
virology study of viruses
vitrics glassy materials$ glassware$ study of glassware
volcanology study of volcanoes
vulcanology study of volcanoes
xylography art of engraving on wood
xylology study of wood
'enography study of the planet ;upiter
'oiatrics veterinary surgery
'ooarchaeology study of animal remains of archaeological sites
'oochemistry chemistry of animals
'oogeography study of geographic distribution of animals
'oogeology study of fossil animal remains
'oology study of animals
'oonomy animal physiology
'oonosology study of animal diseases
'oopathology study of animal diseases
'oophysics physics of animal bodies
'oophysiology study of physiology of animals
'oophytology study of plant%like animals
'oosemiotics study of animal communication
'ootaxy science of classifying animals
'ootechnics science of breeding animals
'ygology science of oining and fastening
'ymology science of fermentation
'ymurgy branch of chemistry dealing with brewing and distilling
GRAMMATICAL CASES
2or those of you who have never studied ?atin, or German, or a host of
other languages known as infected languages, grammatical cases are noun
and pronoun in8ections which indicate the relationship of terms in a sentence
to one another. 3n -nglish, cases are now only important to indicate possession
+catOcat's, itOits, and in pronouns +sheOher, whoOwhom,. Bowever, some
languages have up to #fteen cases. Nou ust might want to have this list on
hand if you ever take a trip to 2inland, for instance. Er then again, maybe not.
7t any rate, while most non%linguists are familiar with only a handful of these
cases at most, there are in fact over #fty distinct cases that 3 have been able to
track down.
.(/
Word Defnition
abessive indicating absence or lack
ablative indicating direction from or time when
absolutive indicating subect or obect of intransitive verb
accusative indicating direct obect of a verb
adessive indicating place where or proximity to
adnominal indicating adective used as a noun
agentive indicating agent performing an action
allative indicating movement towards
associative indicating association with or accompaniment by
benefactive indicating for whom or which
caritive indicating lack of something
causative indicating causation by
comitative indicating accompaniment
compellative indicating address or appellation$ vocative
conformative indicating resemblance$ similative
dative indicating indirect obect of a verb
delative indicating motion downward
distributive indicating separate members of a group, one at a time
elative indicating movement out of or away from
e"uative indicating likeness or identity
ergative indicating subect of a transitive verb
essive indicating a temporary state of being
factive indicating causation
genitive indicating possession, origin or relation
illative indicating movement into or toward
inessive indicating location within
instructive indicating means whereby
instrumental indicating means by which
introessive indicating motion into
uxtapositive indicating uxtaposition
lative indicating motion up to or as far as
locative indicating location or place where
multiplicative indicating repetition or augmentation
mutative indicating a change of place or state
nominative indicating subect of a verb
oppositive indicating opposition or location opposite to
partitive indicating a part of a larger whole
perlative indicating movement through or across
possessive indicating possession$ genitive case
predicative indicating the predicate
privative indicating absence, deprivation or negation
prolative indicating motion alongside or means of motion
relative indicating relation or a prepositional obect
similative indicating similarity to
situative indicating comparison of two things
sociative indicating association with the subect
stative indicating a state rather than an action
subessive indicating location under or below
.(>
sublative indicating movement towards the top of
superessive indicating location upon or on top of
temporal indicating time when
terminative indicating motion up to or time until
translative indicating process of change or movement through
vocative indicating calling or personal address
UNITS OF MEASUREMENT
Ko you know the story of the facetious unit of beauty called the
'millihelen'M =ince it is that the astonishingly beautiful Belen of Troy had 'a face
that launched a thousand ships', a millihelen is a unit of beauty e"ual to the
ability to launch one ship. !one of the .>3 units of measurement below is as
interesting as that, but they ust might be more useful, often in scienti#c and
technical contexts. The proper unit is a tool to allow us to measure and organi'e
the world % by length, volume, energy, or some other aspect of reality. 7nd hey,
we all love reality, don't weM 3've avoided the simplest metric and imperial
measures +gram, foot, metre, inch, etc.,, but almost all the rest should be there.
Word Defnition
aam archaic unit of li"uid measure ranging from 3A to /. gallons of wine
abampere unit e"uivalent to .0 amperes
abvolt unit of electrical potential e"ual to one hundred millionth of a volt
acre%breadth old unit of length of (( yards
ampere unit for measuring amount of electrical current
angstrom unit of one ten%billionth of a meter
arpent unit of land area slightly smaller than an acre
astronomical unit unit of distance e"ual to the distance from the earth to the sun
bar unit of pressure of one million dynes per s"uare centimeter
barleycorn old unit of length e"ual to one%third inch
barn unit of area measurement of particles e"ual to .00 s"uare femtometres
baud unit of data transmission speed of one signal event per second
bel unit of noise intensity e"ual to ten decibels
butt unit of volume e"ual to two hogsheads or .(@ gallons
calorie unit of heat or heat%producing value
candela unit of luminous intensity
carat unit of weight of precious stones e"ual to (00 milligrams
centner old unit of weight e"ual to about ..0 pounds
chain unit of length e"ual to (( yards
chaldron old unit of dry volume e"ual to between 3( and A( bushels
clove old weight of seven to ten pounds for wool or cheese
.(@
cord unit of wood e"ual to .(C cubic feet
coulomb unit of electrical charge of one ampere over period of one second
cubit unit of length e"ual to .C inches
curie unit of radioactive decay and intensity
cusec unit of li"uid 8ow e"ual to one cubic foot per second
dalton unit of atomic mass
darcy unit of permeability of rock to various substances
dash non%speci#c very small unit of measurement used in cooking
decibel unit for measuring sound intensity
denier unit of yarn #neness
digit unit of length e"ual to 3O/ of an inch
dioptre unit of measurement of power of lens or eye
dol unit for measuring intensity of pain
dram unit of weight e"ual to .O.@ of an ounce
dyne unit of force to accelerate . gram to . cm per second per second
elephant large unit of paper measurement e"ual to (C by (3 inches
ell old unit of length e"ual to /> inches
em unit of measuring width of typeface where width of letters e"uals height
erg unit of work measuring force of one dyne applied over one centimeter
face%cord unit of wood measurement e"ual to a stack four by eight feet in volume
farad unit measuring electrical capacitance
fathom unit of length e"ual to six feet used to measure depth of water
fermi unit of length e"ual to one "uadrillionth of a metre
#fth unit of measure of li"uor e"ual to one #fth of a gallon
#rkin old unit of capacity e"ual to one "uarter of a barrel
footlambert unit of luminance of a surface emitting one lumen per s"uare foot
fresnel unit of optical fre"uency e"ual to one terahert'
furlong unit of distance e"ual to ((0 yards
gal unit of acceleration of one centimeter per second per second
gamma unit of magnetic 8ux density e"ual to one nanotesla
gauss unit of magnetic 8ux density e"ual to .O.0000 tesla
gilbert unit of magnetomotive force
gill unit of li"uid volume e"ual to one%"uarter pint
grain unit of weight e"ual to .OA000 of a pound
gray unit of absorbed dose of ioni'ing radiation e"ual to .00 rads
hand unit for measuring height of horses e"ual to / inches
henry unit of electrical inductance
hert' unit of fre"uency e"ual to one cycle per second
hide old unit of land area e"ual to .(0 acres
hobbet measure of two and a half bushels
hogshead unit of capacity e"ual to @3 gallons
horsepower unit of power e"ual to >>0 foot%pounds of work per second
hundredweight unit of weight of .00 pounds +..( pounds in IT,
ansky unit of strength of radio wave emission
i1y
unit of time used in computing e"ual to .O.00 second$ any small unit of
time
oule unit of work done by force of one newton over distance of one meter
karat unit of #neness of gold e"ual to .O(/ part of pure gold
kelvin unit of temperature based on absolute 'ero, e"ual to . degree &elsius
.(A
kilderkin old unit of capacity e"ual to .O( barrel or .C gallons
kilobase unit of measure of length of nucleic acid chain e"ual to .000 base pairs
kip unit of weight e"uivalent to .000 pounds
lambert unit of brightness of light
langley unit of solar radiation
league unit of distance of between (./ and /.@ miles
link unit of length used by surveyors, e"ual to A.D( inches
lumen unit of luminous 8ux
lux unit of illumination e"ual to one lumen per s"uare meter
magneton unit of the "uanti'ed magnetic moment of a particle
maxwell unit of magnetic 8ux
mecate old Jexican measure of about one%tenth of an acre
megadeath unit of fatality e"ual to one million deaths
mho unit of electrical conductance
mil unit of .O.000 inch used for measuring thickness of wire
minim unit of li"uid volume e"ual to .O/C0 8uid ounces
mnemon unit of memory, largely hypothetical
mole unit of substance e"ual to number of atoms as .( grams of carbon%.(
morgan unit of inferred distance between genes on a chromosome
morgen unit of land area slightly more than two acres
mutchkin old unit of li"uid measurement e"ual to 3O/ of an imperial pint
nail old measure of two and a "uarter inches
neper unit for expressing ratio of two currents or voltages
newton unit of force that accelerates . kilogram to . meter O second O second
oersted unit of magnetic #eld strength
ohm unit of electrical resistance of circuits
osmol unit of osmotic pressure
palm unit of length e"uivalent to width or length of the hand
parsec unit of interstellar distance e"ual to 3.(@ light%years
pascal unit of pressure e"ual to one newton per s"uare meter
peck unit of dry measure e"ual to C "uarts
pennyweight unit of troy weight e"ual to (/ grains
phon unit of loudness of sound as heard by listeners
photon unit of brightness of light as received at the retina
pica unit of typeface e"ual to about .O@ of an inch
pipe unit of li"uid capacity e"ual to two hogsheads
pitch unit of typeface e"ual to number of characters per inch
point unit of typeface e"ual to .OA( of an inch
poise unit of viscosity of li"uids
pole unit of area e"ual to a s"uare rod
pottle unit of li"uid measurement of two "uarts, or one%half gallon
poundal unit of force that accelerates . pound to . foot O second O second
probit unit of measurement of statistical probability
"uad unit of energy e"ual to one "uadrillion Gritish thermal units
"uarter unit of weight e"ual to (C pounds
"uintal unit of weight e"ual to .00 kilograms
"uire unit of (/ sheets of paper
rad unit of absorbed dose of ioni'ing radiation
radian unit of plane angular measurement, approximately >A.3 degrees
.(C
rod unit of length e"ual to .O3(0 of a mile
roentgen unit of x%radiation or gamma radiation
rood old unit of land area e"ual to .O/ acre
rundlet old li"uid measure e"ual to about .> gallons
rutherford unit of radioactive decay e"ual to . million disintegrations per second
sabin unit of acoustic absorption of one s"uare foot of a perfect absorber
scruple unit of weight used by apothecaries e"ual to .O(/ of an ounce
shake
unit of one hundred millionth of a second used to measure nuclear
processes
siemens unit of electrical conductance e"uivalent to one ampere per volt
slug unit of gravitational mass of approximately 3(..A/ pounds
sone unit of loudness on a scale based on subective or perceived loudness
span unit of distance e"ual to handspread or nine inches
stack old unit of measure for #rewood e"ual to .0C cubic feet
stone unit of weight e"ual to ./ pounds
svedberg unit of time used to measure sedimentation velocity
tesla unit of magnetic 8ux density e"ual to one weber per s"uare meter
tex unit of measurement of #neness of #bres and yarn
therblig unit of work for "uantifying industrial operations
therm unit of "uantity of heat e"ual to .00,000 Gritish thermal units
thirdendeal old li"uid measure of three pints$ one%third of anything
tod old unit of weight of wool e"ual to (C pounds
tog unit of measurement for insulation properties of fabric
ton unit of cooling power e"ual to .(,000 GTI per hour
torr unit of pressure e"ual to .OA@0 of standard atmospheric pressure
tun unit of li"uid capacity of (>( gallons
vara unit of linear measure of between 33 and /3 inches
verst unit of distance e"ual to approximately (O3 of a mile
virgate old unit of land area usually e"ual to 30 acres or .O/ hide
volt unit of electrical potential di1erence and electromotive force
watt unit of power e"ual to one oule per second
weber unit of magnetic 8ux e"ual to .00 million maxwells
wey old measure for dry goods usually e"ual to /0 bushels
yardland unit of land area e"ual to 30 acres
yrneh unit of reciprocal inductance
'olotnik old <ussian unit of weight e"ual to .O@ of an ounce