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User Guide
Part VI: Velocity Modeling
Published October 10, 2012
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iii Contents
Contents
Part VI: Velocity Modeling
Chapter 1 Introduction to Velocity Modeling ........................................................... 1-1
1.1 What Is Velocity Modeling? ........................................................................... 1-2
1.2 Why Perform Velocity Modeling in SKUA or GOCAD ...................................... 1-3
1.3 Typical Velocity Modeling Workflow............................................................... 1-4
Chapter 2 Constructing 3D Models ........................................................................... 2-1
2.1 Constructing a Model3d ............................................................................... 2-2
2.1.1 Common Styles for Models............................................................... 2-2
Regions ............................................................................................2-2
Layers ...............................................................................................2-3
2.1.2 Procedure to Construct a Model3d ................................................... 2-3
2.1.3 Creating a New Model3d From Surfaces............................................ 2-4
2.1.4 Creating a New Model3D from a SKUA Model................................... 2-5
2.1.5 Adding Surfaces to a Model3d.......................................................... 2-7
2.1.6 Deleting Surfaces from a Model3d .................................................... 2-8
2.1.7 Building a Model3d.......................................................................... 2-8
2.1.8 Rebuilding a Model3d ...................................................................... 2-9
2.1.9 Editing a Model3d............................................................................ 2-9
Making Surfaces and Regions Geologically Consistent ........................2-9
Removing Free Horizon Extremities in a Given Region ....................... 2-11
Removing All Free Extremities from a Horizon................................... 2-12
2.1.10 Creating and Working with Layers in a Velocity Model ...................... 2-12
Creating Default Layers in a Velocity Model ...................................... 2-13
Creating a Layer from a Region in a Velocity Model .......................... 2-13
Deleting a Layer in a Velocity Model ................................................. 2-14
Renaming a Layer in a Model3d....................................................... 2-14
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Introduction to Velocity Modeling 1-4 SKUA
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the Model3d, which is the main focus of this chapter, and the Voxet model.
Constructing 3D Models 2-2 SKUA
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The commands to create velocity functions are available with the Velocity Modeling and
Time-Depth Conversion module.
Creating Velocity Functions 3-2 SKUA
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dir_Z = +1
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dir_Z = -1
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Defining Property Values for Velocity Models 4-8 SKUA
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using
mathematical functions, or computed from field data (such as well logs, checkshots,
stacking velocity, or VRMS) using geostatistical operations and/or interpolation methods.
You can convert velocity from the following source types:
Average, interval, RMS, or depth velocity (time domain)
Average, interval, RMS, or time velocity (depth domain)
Performing Velocity Conversions 6-2 SKUA
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convert modeling objects from the time domain to the depth domain and vice versa.
Velocity can originate from different sources. The Velocity cube can be directly imported,
computed from regional data within SKUA or GOCAD by using mathematical functions,
or computed from field data (such as well logs, checkshots, stacking velocity, or VRMS) by
using geostatistical operations and/or interpolation methods.
Performing Time and Depth Domain Conversions 8-2 SKUA
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