Workflow Training Material

IBM Global Services
Copyright IBM Corporation 2003

SAP Business Wor!lo"
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IBM Global Services
Course Content
Intro$uction Intro$uction
Wor!lo" architecture Wor!lo" architecture
Wor!lo" %e!inition an$ "or!lo" &e'plate Wor!lo" %e!inition an$ "or!lo" &e'plate
Wor!lo" steps in $etails Wor!lo" steps in $etails
&as &as
Business (b)ects an$ Metho$s Business (b)ects an$ Metho$s
Container Structure an$ Container Progra''ing Container Structure an$ Container Progra''ing
*vents *vents
(rganisational structure an$ role resolution (rganisational structure an$ role resolution
%i!!erent types o! Agent %i!!erent types o! Agent
Wor!lo" an$ A+* Wor!lo" an$ A+*

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IBM Global Services
SAP Business Workflow
SAP Business Wor!lo", is a cross-application tool that 'aes it possible

to integrate business tasks/processes bet"een applications-
&his tool "as intro$uce$ in ./3 .elease 3-0A0 an$ receive$ a substantial
!aceli!t in the *n)oy .elease0 1-2A0"hich "arrante$ the ne" na'e Wor!lo"
Buil$er-
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IBM Global Services
Need of Workflow
Hmm ! Time to put in a Hmm ! Time to put in a
purchase requisition purchase requisition
request request
1 1
3 3
I guess Id better send I guess Id better send
off some inter-office off some inter-office
mail to ask the mail to ask the
approvers to approve approvers to approve
my requisition my requisition
! !
I "onder "ho I "onder "ho
approves buying approves buying
this stuff# this stuff#
$ $
Time drags on Time drags on
%ean"hile& in %ean"hile& in
%r %anagers office %r %anagers office
' '(hat shall I do ne)t#* (hat shall I do ne)t#*
+ +
TIME IS
TIME IS
MONEY!!!
MONEY!!!
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%ra"bacs
Inefficiency.
*ach lacks a way to trace "here a tas is-
Who executed or is e3ecuting it-
4o" 'uch tie it re!uired-

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Why SAP Workflow
Wor!lo" ensures that the right "or is sent to the right person at the

right ti'e in the right se5uence "ith the right in!or'ation-
&ool !or the auto'i6ation o! "usiness processes
7ot tie$ up to any paricular application
(perates uni!or'ly accross applications
Coor$inate all participating tass
Provi$e users "ith acti#e support
Intelligent routing
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IBM Global Services
SAP Business Workflow
Architecture
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IBM Global Services
Workflow Architecture
Organisational
Level
Process Level
Business
Object
Level
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Workflow $efinition
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IBM Global Services
Workflow $efinition
Wor!lo" $e!inition consists o!
3- Basic %ata
1- In!or'ation about triggering events
8- Initial 9alues
2- Containers
:- Bin$ings
A "or!lo" $e!inition $escribes the "or!lo" process
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IBM Global Services
Workflow Builder
&he "or!lo" $e!inition is create$ in the Wor!lo" Buil$er an$ $isplaye$ graphically in a net"or-
%ransaction& SW%%
'enu Path&
&ools Business Wor!lo" %evelop'ent %e!inition tools Wor!lo" Buil$er-
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Workflow $efinition - Steps
A "or!lo" $e!inition is 'a$e up o! in$ivi$ual 'o$ular steps-
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(xaple& Workflow $efinition
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IBM Global Services
)ow are Workflows Created in a Syste
Within "or!lo" te'plates0 there is a ey "ith the !ollo"ing structure;

< A WS tas abbreviation !or the "or!lo" te'plate
< An =<$igit se5uence nu'ber
>ro' the structure o! the =<$igit nu'ber0 the syste' no"s "hether the
te'plate is a stan$ar$ te'plate $elivere$ by SAP or one create$ by the
custo'er-
Custo'er<$e!ine$ te'plates start "ith the pre!i3 nu'ber that "as $e!ine$ in
Custo'i6ing !or the syste' an$ client-
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Workin* with Workflow
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Workflow $esi*n
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IBM Global Services
)ow workflow *ets executed
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IBM Global Services
Workflow %ool"ox - SW+S
%ransaction& %ransaction& SW?S- SW?S-
'enu Path& 'enu Path& &ools <@ Business Wor!lo" <@ %evelop'ent <@ .unti'e &ools<@ Start &ools <@ Business Wor!lo" <@ %evelop'ent <@ .unti'e &ools<@ Start
Wor!lo" A&est *nviron'entB- Wor!lo" A&est *nviron'entB-
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Workflow Steps
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IBM Global Services
Workflow definition steps
Wor!lo" $e!inition is 'a$e up o! in$ivi$ual steps- When creating a step in a
"or!lo" $e!inition0 the step type 'ust be speci!ie$ !irst-
&here are
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Steps "hich re!er to "usiness acti#ities Aactivities C user $ecisionB
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Steps "hich are use$ !or internal process control an$ 'onitoring
Acon$ition0 'ultiple con$ition0 loop0 etcB
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Business Acti#ities Steps
Acti#ity
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Can be a single step tas "ith basic business !unctionality
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Can be a 'ulti<step tas0 "hich re!erence to a "or!lo" $e!inition
+ser $ecision
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&his provi$es an opportunity !or user interaction "ith the syste'-
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&he response to this $eci$es the selection o! the subse5uent step-
$ocuent fro teplate

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PA $ocu'ent is create$ !ro' a $ocu'ent te'plate using variables in the te3t that are
!ille$ $uring progra' e3ecution-
We" Acti#ity
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Selecte$ container ele'ents are poste$ using http protocol in DM+ or S(AP
'essage
Su"workflow
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An activity "hich re!ers to a "or!lo" rather than a tas
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IBM Global Services
Condition
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Branch on the basis o! control in!or'ation !ro' the runti'e $epen$ent
conte3t o! the "or!lo"-
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An attribute o! this ob)ect can also be accesse$ !or con$ition evaluation
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Con$ition evaluation can be $one by
>iel$ co'parison e-g constants 0 ob)ect attribute0 syste' !iel$s
'ultiple condition
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In contrast to con$ition0 'ultiple con$ition 'aes it possible !or the "or!lo"
$e!inition to branch in 'ore than t"o branches-
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>or evaluation o! the 'ultiple con$ition0 the value o! the basis o!
co'parison is chece$ at runti'e against the co'parison values an$
branche$ accor$ingly-
Internal process control Steps
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Internal process control ,contd.-
W)I.( .oop
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Steps are processe$ repeate$ly until the con$itions containe$ in the W4I+*
step no longer apply-
+ntil .oop
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Steps are processe$ repeate$ly until the con$ition containe$ in the ?7&I+
step is true-
/ork
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?se$ !or parallel processing branches-
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(nly a part o! the parallel processing branches actually has to run to
continue the "or!lo"-
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%yna'ic parallel processing is also possible
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IBM Global Services
Send ail
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&e3t entere$ in this step can be use$ to sen$ a 'ail to the agent assigne$
Container operations
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?se$ to per!or' arith'etic operation o! value assign'ent to "or!lo"
container ele'ents using constants an$ $ata in the "or!lo" container -
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IBM Global Services
(#ent Creator
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An event is create$ "hen this step in the "or!lo" is reache$-
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(ther "or!lo"s can be starte$ as a reaction to the event create$ in this
step- &his event 'ust be the triggering event o! the relevant "or!lo" tass
an$/or te'plates-
WAI% for e#ent

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?se$ to stop the "hole e3ecution o! the "or!lo" until the event is create$
in the syste'-
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?se$ to "ait !or events !or parallel processing
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IBM Global Services
%ask 0 Workflow $efinition
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&ass &ass
Single step Single step
Multistep Multistep
Stan$ar$ &asA&SB Stan$ar$ &asA&SB
Custo'er &asA&B Custo'er &asA&B
Wor!lo" &e'plateAWSB Wor!lo" &e'plateAWSB
Wor!lo" &asAW>B Wor!lo" &asAW>B
&ass are use$ to $escribe a business process
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IBM Global Services
Siilarities and differences of task types
Customer Task T!"e T# Stan$ar$ Task T!"e TS#
Workflow %ask ,%ype W/- Workflow %eplate ,%ype WS-
Create$ b! customer Create$ b! S%P an$
customer
&it' vali$it! "erio$ &it'out vali$it! "erio$
Client($e"en$ent Client(in$e"en$ent
Must be linke$ to its "ossible Must be linke$ to its
"ossible
agents )'en it is $e*ine$ agents )'en it is $e*ine$
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IBM Global Services
Sin*le and 'ultistep %asks
&ass &ass
Single step Single step
Multistep Multistep
.e!erences .e!erences one o"1ect type one o"1ect type
ethod ethod an$ $isplays one step an$ $isplays one step
in the business process in the business process
.epresents the .epresents the "usiness "usiness
process process an$ is a se5uence o! an$ is a se5uence o!
in$ivi$ual tass an$ control in$ivi$ual tass an$ control
steps steps
&ransaction ; P>&C &ransaction ; P>&C
Menu Path <@ &ools <@ Business Wor!lo" <@ %evelop'ent <@ %e!inition tools <@&ass Menu Path <@ &ools <@ Business Wor!lo" <@ %evelop'ent <@ %e!inition tools <@&ass
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IBM Global Services
Sin*le-step tasks
, Single<step tass $escribe ele'entary business activities-
, Single<step tass operate on an ob)ect an$ re!er to one ob)ect 'etho$
each
, Single<step tass are line$ to their possible an$ per'itte$ agents
"hose organi6ational assign'ents are $escribe$ in the organi6ational
plan o! the enterprise-
, *3ecutable single<step tass are represente$ by "or ite's at runti'e-
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IBM Global Services
Workflow definition - 'ultistep tasks
, A "or!lo" $e!inition has a 'o$ular structure consisting o! in$ivi$ual
steps "hich are line$ together-
, &he 'ultistep tass !or' the business !ra'e"or !or a "or!lo" $e!inition
an$ each re!erences one "or!lo" $e!inition-
, A step in a "or!lo" $e!inition can be an activity-
, An activity al"ays re!ers to one tas AE single<step tas or 'ultistep tasB-
, An activity "ith one si'ple triangle re!ers to a tas-
, An activity "ith three triangles re!ers to a "or!lo" AsubworkflowB-
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IBM Global Services
%ask $efinition 2 Synchronous and
Asynchronous 'ethods
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IBM Global Services
$efinin* a %ask
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IBM Global Services
Settin*s for %asks
Back*round
Confir end of
processin*
SAPphones
&as e3ecute$ in
bacgroun$
$epen$ing on
ob)ect 'etho$
At runti'e user can create
attach'ents
?ser e3plains e3plicitly
that "or ite' is no longer
is to be processe$
&he "or!lo" $ials
the telephone
nu'ber attache$ to
the current custo'er
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IBM Global Services
Iportant %ask Attri"utes
3eneral
<Worite's can be e3ecute$ an$ !or"ar$e$ to any SAP ?ser
3eneral /orwardin* Allowed

<Worite's can be !or"ar$e$ to any user
3eneral /orwardin* Not Allowed

<Wor ite's can be !or"ar$e$ to possible users
/orwardin* not allowed

<7o !or"ar$ing allo"e$
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IBM Global Services
Work Ite
, *3ecutable single<step tass are represente$ by "or ite's at
runti'e-
, (b)ect that represents a tas or action in the "or!lo" syste' at
runti'e-
, %epen$ing on the "or ite' type0 so'e o! these "or ite's are
$isplaye$ in a userFs "or list- (ther "or ite's0 on the other han$0
are only use$ an$ processe$ internally-
, &he "or ite's are $isplaye$ in the integrate$ inbo3es o! their
selecte$ agents0 an$ can be reserve$ an$ e3ecute$ !ro' there-
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IBM Global Services
Work Ites %ypes
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IBM Global Services
Workite %ypes
W& $ialo* work ite
.unti'e $isplay !or a single step tas "ith a user $ialog
$& 'issed deadline work ite
&he 'essage recipient !or the 'isse$ $ea$line is in!or'e$-
/& Workflow work ite
.unti'e representation o! a 'ulti step tas
B& Back*round work ite
.unti'e $isplay !or a tas e3ecute$ in the bacgroun$-
(& Wait step work ite&
.unti'e $isplay !or a "ait step in the "or!lo" $e!inition-
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IBM Global Services
Workite %ext
, &itle o! "orite' in the Business Worplace
, >irst create the "orite' te3t an$ position the cursor to inclu$e a varible
, Choose the FInsert variableF icon un$er the "orite' te3t
Processes re5uest !ro' CGWIG(b)ectGI%-Create$ByC
(xaple
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%ask and its #arious coponent in SAP
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IBM Global Services
Business 4"1ect $efinition
and Ipleentation
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IBM Global Services
, SAP Business Wor!lo" has been $evelope$ on an o"1ect-
oriented basis-
, &he business ob)ect types are i$enti!ie$ an$ $escribe$ "ith their
ob)ect 'etho$s in the Business 4"1ect 5epository,B45- o! the
./3 Syste'-
, Generally one ob)ect is create$ in the syste' an$ then processe$ in
a workflow over several steps by various e'ployees-
4"1ect %ypes 0 Workflow
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IBM Global Services
Wor!lo" $eals "ith ob)ect types- (b)ect types are $e!initions o!

$ata- In or$er to access $atabase $ata0 "or!lo" uses the ob)ect
type inter!ace-
Most o! the in!or'ation represente$ by ob)ect types is available in

the ABAP/1 %ictionary-
4"1ects are create$ at runti'e an$ are speci!ic instances o!

$e!ine$ ob)ect types-
Many ob)ect types are $elivere$ by SAP- In a$$ition0 the custo'er

can create ne" ob)ect types or e3ten$ SAP ob)ects by creating
su"types Achil$ ob)ectsB- 7e" custo'er ob)ects or subtypes 'ay
be $esire$ i! the $elivere$ SAP ob)ect $oes not contain all the
characteristics AattributesB or processing options A'etho$sB $esire$-
4"1ect %ypes 0 4"1ects
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4"1ect %ype - $efinition
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IBM Global Services
Interfaces
Inter!aces are a co'bination o! attributes0 'etho$s0 an$ events to be use$ in

co''on a'ong 'ultiple ob)ect types- &he purpose o! inter!aces is to $e!ine
co''on !unctionality in one ob)ect type0 an$ to assign that co''on
!unctionality via an inter!ace to 'ultiple ob)ect types across the Business
(b)ect .epository- &his avoi$s re$un$ancy o! $ata an$ !unctionality
$e!inition-
*ach ne" ob)ect type auto'atically receives the inter!ace I/SAP0 the SAP
stan$ar$ inter!ace- I>SAP provi$es every ob)ect type "ith the !ollo"ing;
-
Metho$ %isplay
-
Metho$ *3istenceChec
-
Attribute (b)ect&ype
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IBM Global Services
6ey /ields
Hey !iel$s are $esigne$ to uni5uely i$enti!y the ob)ect type-
I! the ey !iel$ has a $ata type re!erence o! a $ictionary table !iel$0 the runti'e
syste' "ill loo to that table !iel$ to retrieve the value o! the ey "hen
processing the ob)ect- When the ey !iel$ is create$0 the ABAP/1 progra' co$e
is generate$ auto'atically "hen the ob)ect type is generate$-

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Attri"utes
Attributes provi$es access to $ata-
ABAP %ictionary >iel$
9irtual
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'ethods
Metho$s incorporate the per'itte$ !unctions available !or an ob)ect-
Metho$s have i'porting an$ e3porting para'eters as "ell as e3ceptions-
Metho$s can be create$ using ;
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IBM Global Services
'ethods
Im"ort Im"ort
Parameters Parameters
MET+O, MET+O,
-
e
s
u
l
t
-
e
s
u
l
t
E."ort E."ort
Parameters Parameters
E
.
c
e
"
t
i
o
E
.
c
e
"
t
i
o
n
s
n
s
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IBM Global Services
-,ialog / or backgroun$ 0
.)ecution of the method is via a "ork item in a users
integrated inbo) or in background by the "orkflo" runtime
system /ackground methods cannot use messages or
e)ceptions because they cannot be processed by the
background system and "ill result in termination of the
program
-S!nc'ronous / %s!nc'ronous
0
1ynchronous methods finish e)ecuting before handing
control back to the calling program These types of
methods can return e)port parameters& results and
e)ceptions 2synchronous methods do not return control to
the calling program immediately 3nce e)ecuted& they
depend upon events to communicate the results of the
method back to the calling program 2synchronous ob4ect
methods cannot have results& e)port parameters or
e)ceptions
'ethods - Call attri"utes
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IBM Global Services
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5esult&
Synchronous 'etho$s 'ay return an e3port para'eter as a result- A
result can be $e!ine$ lie a $ictionary !iel$ or an ob)ect type -
-
Instance independence&
In$icates "hether an ob)ect re!erence is passe$ to the 'etho$ by bin$ing
at the ti'e o! e3ecution- Metho$s that generate an$ return an ob)ect
re!erence0 such as Create0 or 'etho$s that generate a report listing shoul$
be instance in$epen$ent-
'ethods - Call attri"utes
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IBM Global Services
Iport /(xport Paraeters
0The method parameter container contains references to all import&
e)port and result parameters "hich need to be e)changed back and
forth bet"een the calling program 5single-step task6 and the
method /inding is necessary bet"een the single-step task and the
method parameter container to accomplish the data transfer
0Import parameters are those values "hich are necessary to
e)ecute the method Import parameters are retrieved from the
container 738T2I8.9 using the macro instructions
1(7:;.T:.<.%.8T 5single-line6 or 1(7:;.T:T2/<. 5multiline6
I*3port para'eter values are passe$ to the container C(7&AI7*. using the
'acro instructions SWCGS*&G*+*M*7& Asingle<lineB or SWCGS*&G&AB+*
A'ultilineB- &he result para'eter is passe$ to the C(7&AI7*. ele'ent
.*S?+& via the sa'e 'acro instructions-
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IBM Global Services
(xceptions
I*rror han$ling is acco'plishe$ through the use o! 'etho$ e3ceptions
Asynchronous 'etho$s onlyB-
I&he "or!lo" $e!inition can branch accor$ing to these possible error
states an$ allo" !or subse5uent steps to han$le these con$itions-
Messages an$ e3ceptions cannot be use$ "ith bacgroun$ 'etho$s
because they "ill ter'inate the progra'-
I7u'ber o! the e3ception;
I
000J<J000; e3ceptions $e!ine$ !or inter!aces
I
J00J<:KKK; application<speci!ic e3ceptions A!ree !or SAP
$evelop'entB
I
=000<=KKK; e3ceptions raise$ by the ob)ect 'anager
I
K000<KKKK; e3ceptions $e!ine$ by the custo'er A!ree !or
custo'ersB
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IBM Global Services
I*3ceptions are i'ple'ente$ "ithin a 'etho$0 bet"een the 'acro
instructions B*GI7GM*&4(% an$ *7%GM*&4(%-
L*DI&G.*&?.7 Co$e 9ariableJ 9ariable2 9ariable3 9ariable1-
I
Co$e E the 1<$igit nu'ber o! the e3ception
I
9ariableJ through 9ariable1 correspon$ to up to 1 variables
"hich can be $erive$ !ro' the 'essage issue$ "ith the
e3ception-
I&he !ollo"ing e3ceptions A!or te'porary errorsB are also available to
allo" e3iting o! the progra';
L*DI&G(BM*C&G7(&G>(?7% E ob)ect not !oun$
L*DI&GCA7C*++*% E cancelle$ by the user
(xceptions
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IBM Global Services
*vents $escribe the change in the status o! an ob)ect-
Wor!lo" are usually starte$ using events
(#ents
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4"1ect %ype - 5elease Status
, 7ot accessible at runti'e-
, (nly in test or internal use0 possibly unstable-
, .elease$ !or use by the custo'er-
, &he !unctionality has been replace$- &he ol$
!unctionality is still supporte$ !or t"o releases-
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IBM Global Services
Su"type
&he subtype inherits all attributes0 'etho$s an$ events o! the supertype an$ is
open !or ne" custo'er<speci!ic attributes0 'etho$s an$ events- &he ey !iel$s
o! the supertype an$ subtype 'ust be i$entical- &his 'eans that any 'etho$s
an$ attributes $e!ine$ on the parent can be e3ecute$ an$ accesse$ on the
chil$ ob)ect-
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IBM Global Services
$ele*ation
&his $elegation is po"er!ul because it lets you i'ple'ent your o"n business logic
"ithout 'o$i!ying any SAP co$e- As long as the ob)ects are properly $elegate$0
your 'etho$ "ill be e3ecute$-
Calling Calling
Progra' Progra'
H7AJ H7AJ
Metho$; Metho$;
Change pass"or$ Change pass"or$
NH7AJ NH7AJ
Metho$; Metho$;
Change pass"or$ Change pass"or$
&ransaction; Menu Path; SW0J
&ools /usiness (orkflo" - =evelopment - =efinition tools - /usiness 3b4ect
/uilder - 1ettings - =elegate
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4"1ects in the workflow
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IBM Global Services
Business 4"1ect 5epository ,B45-
&ransaction; Menu Path; SW0J &ransaction; Menu Path; SW0J
&ools &ools &ools < Business Wor!lo" L %e!ination tool LBusniness (b)ect Buil$er &ools < Business Wor!lo" L %e!ination tool LBusniness (b)ect Buil$er
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IBM Global Services
Containers and Bindin*s
< Wor!lo" <
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IBM Global Services
%ypes of Containers
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IBM Global Services
Workflow Container
, &he "or!lo" container contains
"or!lo"<speci!ic syste' variables
an$ other ele'ents "hich are
$e!ine$ e3plicitly-
, As part o! the $e!inition o! the
"or!lo" tas0 the i'port an$ e3port
para'eters o! the "or!lo" are
$e!ine$ as ele'ents o! the "or!lo"
container-
, When the "or!lo" is $e!ine$ in the
"or!lo" e$itor0 ele'ents can also
be a$$e$ to the "or!lo" container-
&hese ele'ents are then Olocal
variablesO "ithin a "or!lo" $e!inition
an$ can be use$0 !or e3a'ple0 to set
up a counting loop-
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IBM Global Services
%ask Container
, *ach tas container alrea$y
contains the "or!lo" syste'
variable an$ any a$$itional ele'ents
!or the 'etho$ para'eters o! the
re!erence$ ob)ect 'etho$-
, Pou have to a$$ a$$itional ele'ents
to the tas container !or a$$itional
values are re5uire$ !or variable
replace'ent in the "or ite' te3t or
in the long te3ts
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IBM Global Services
4ther %ypes of Containers
(#ent paraeter container
Contains an ele'ent "hich can tae the Aob)ectB re!erence to the ob)ect
"hose change o! status is announce$ via the event-
5ole paraeter container
Contains the ele'ents re5uire$ as input in connection "ith the role
resolution to be run at runti'e-
'ethod paraeter container
Contains ele'ents "hich "ill be re5uire$ as i'port an$ e3port para'eters
in connection "ith the 'etho$ e3ecution-
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IBM Global Services
What is a Container7
0
1iel$ values 1iel$ values
0
Multiline lists Multiline lists
o* *iel$ values o* *iel$ values
0
Object Object
re*erences re*erences
Container
,e*inition
Container
Instance
%""lication %""lication
,ata ,ata
-/2
,e*inition -untime
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IBM Global Services
$efinin* Container (leents
Element name Element name ,ata t!"e ,ata t!"e ,escri"tion ,escri"tion Multi(line Multi(line 3alue 3alue
re*erence re*erence
Element 4 Element 4 ,atabase 1iel$ ,atabase 1iel$ ,escri"tion 4 ,escri"tion 4
Element 5 Element 5 ,atabase 1iel$ ,atabase 1iel$ ,escri"tion 5 ,escri"tion 5 6 6
Element 2 Element 2 Object T!"e Object T!"e ,escri"tion 2 ,escri"tion 2 6 6
,e*inition
-untime
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IBM Global Services
Bindin*
, A bin$ing is si'ply the art o! o! pouring selecte$ container ele'ents !ro'
one container into another-
, &he bin$ing e$itor is available "hen $e!ining;
Wor!lo" $e!initions
&riggering events
Wor!lo" steps
Wor!lo" steps A Stan$ar$ roles/ (b)ect 'etho$s "ith para'etersB
, &he bin$ing e$itor al"ays re!erences the container to receive the
application $ata- Bin$ing $e!initions can re!erence;
Constants
9ariables Acontainer ele'entsB
Syste' !iel$s
#
IBM Global Services
Container 0 $ataflow
Task Task
Container Container
Met'o$ Met'o$
Container Container
Event Event
Container Container
&ork*lo) &ork*lo)
Container Container
triggering triggering
event event
s!nc s!nc
task task
s!nc s!nc
met'o met'o
$ $
s!nc s!nc
task task
s!nc s!nc
met'o met'o
$ $
role role
as!nc as!nc
task task
as!nc as!nc
met'o met'o
$ $
7 7
terminating terminating
event event
4 4
5 5
2 2
8 8
9 9
: :
; ;
< <
4= 4= 44 44
45 45
42 42
47 47 48 48
-ole -ole
Container Container
#
IBM Global Services
Container $ata Structure
S&C>CONT%INE- S&C>CONT%INE-
S&C>C-E%TE>CONT%INE- S&C>C-E%TE>CONT%INE-
S&C>-ELE%SE>CONT%INE- S&C>-ELE%SE>CONT%INE-
,eclare
Container
Initiali?e
Container
-elease
Container
#
IBM Global Services
Writin*/5eadin* Container (leents $efined
as /ield 8alues
S&C>@ET>ELEMENT
S&C>SET>ELEMENT
3ariable
Container
Instance
3ariable
S&C>@ET>T%BLE
S&C>SET>T%BLE
$elete value
Internal Internal
Table Table
Internal Internal
Table Table
S&C>,ELETE>ELEME
NT
#
IBM Global Services
Writin* to Container (leents $efined as 4"1ect %ypes
Container
Instance0
CONT%INE-
Object
Element0
M%T-L ,eclare a variable as an object0
,%T%0 M%TE-I%L TYPE S&C>OBAECTB
Create an instance o* !our object in !our "rogram0
S&C>C-E%TE>OBAECT M%TE-I%L CM%-%D M%TN-B
,eclare a variable as t'e ke! o* !our object0
,%T%0 M%TN- LIEE M%-%(M%TN-B
1ill t'e ke! )it' a value0
M%TN- F C452789DB
Object t!"e *rom BBOB-B
Ee! o* object !ou "reviousl! $e*ine$
Trans*er value o* !our object instance to t'e container element0
S&C>SET>ELEMENT CONT%INE- CM%TN-D M%TE-I%L
#
IBM Global Services
5eadin* Container (leents
$efined as 4"1ect %ypes
Container
Instance0
CONT%INE-
,eclare a variable as an object0
,%T%0 M%TE-I%L TYPE S&C>OBAECTB
Object
Element0
M%T-L
-ea$ value o* container element to !our object0
S&C>@ET>ELEMENT CONT%INE- CM%T-LD M%TE-I%LB
,eclare a variable as t'e ke! o* !our object0
,%T%0 M%TN- LIEE M%-%(M%TN-B
-ea$ t'e object t!"e ke! into !our variable0
S&C>@ET>OBAECT>EEY M%TE-I%L M%TN-B
,eclare a variable to 'ol$ t'e object t!"e0
,%T%0 OBATYPE LIEE S&OTOBAI,(OBATYPEB
Obtain t'e object t!"e *rom !our object t!"e variable0
S&C>@ET>OBAECT>TYPE M%TE-I%L OBATYPEB
#
IBM Global Services
Writin* to Container (leents $efined as 'ultiline 4"1ect
%ypes
Container
Instance0
CONT%INE-
Element0
P-Items
,eclare a variable as an internal table object0
,%T%0 -EGITEMS TYPE S&C>OBAECT OCCH-S =B
Create an instance o* !our object *or eac' table line0
S&C>C-E%TE>OBAECT -EGITEM CBHS5==<D P-EGEEYB
Once t'e internal table is *ille$I trans*er t'e internal table to t'e
multiline container element0
S&C>SET>T%BLE CONT%INE- CP-ItemsD -EGITEMSB
Since t'is internal table 'as no 'ea$erI $eclare a
)ork area0 ,%T%0 -EGITEM TYPE S&C>OBAECTB
,eclare ke! *iel$s o* t'e object
eBgB calle$ P-EGEEY# an$ *ill t'em
eBgB )it'in a select loo"#B
%""en$ t'e object instance to t'e internal table0
%PPEN, -EGITEM TO -EGITEMSB
#
IBM Global Services
5eadin* Container (leents
$efined as 'ultiline 4"1ect %ypes
Container
Instance0
CONT%INE-
Object
Element0
P-Items
-ea$ value o* multiline container element
into !our internal table object0
S&C>@ET>T%BLE CONT%INE- CP-ItemsD -EGITEMSB
,eclare !our object0
,%T%0 -EGITEM TYPE S&C>OBAECTB
Loo" t'roug' !our internal table object
-EGITEMS into in$ivi$ual -EGITEM entriesB
Per*orm o"erations as nee$e$B
Hse t'is macro to get t'e ke!s o* eac' entr!0
S&C>@ET>OBAECT>EEY -EGITEMS P-EGEEY
Hse t'is macro to get t'e object t!"e o* eac' entr!0
S&C>@ET>OBAECT>TYPE -EGITEMS OBATYPEB
,eclare a variable to 'ol$ t'e object t!"e0
,%T%0 OBATYPE LIEE S&OTOBAI,(OBATYPEB
#
IBM Global Services
(#ents
#
IBM Global Services
An event $escribes a possible status change !or an ob)ect in the SAP

Syste'-
Be!ore an event can be use$ in a "or!lo"0 it 'ust be $e!ine$ in the

Business (b)ect .epository !or the ob)ect type-
*vents 'ust be triggere$ e3plicitly- &he application itsel! can be the

triggering agent-
(#ent
#
IBM Global Services
%ypes of (#ent Creation
Change Change
%ocu'ent %ocu'ent
Status Status
Manage'ent Manage'ent
Message Message
Control Control
Speci!ic Speci!ic
4. &ables 4. &ables
ABAP Co$e ABAP Co$e
In ?ser *3it In ?ser *3it
#
IBM Global Services
+sin* Custoi9in* for e#ent tri**er
Menu Path ;Basic 'enu <@ &ools <@ Business Wor!lo" <@ %evelop'ent <@ %e!inition tools Menu Path ;Basic 'enu <@ &ools <@ Business Wor!lo" <@ %evelop'ent <@ %e!inition tools
<@ *vents <@ *vents
#
IBM Global Services
(#ent Creation of Chan*e $ocuent
Changing Changing
Master $ata Master $ata
*vent linage is *vent linage is
$one to connect to $one to connect to
the "or!lo"/ tas the "or!lo"/ tas
*vent creation *vent creation
ASW*CB ASW*CB
Change logge$ Change logge$
using using
change $ocu'ents change $ocu'ents
#
IBM Global Services
(#ent Creation of Status 'ana*eent
*vent linage is *vent linage is
$one to connect to $one to connect to
the "or!lo"/ tas the "or!lo"/ tas
*vent creation *vent creation
A ABS9W BS9W B B
Status Status
Manage'ent Manage'ent
When user status
changes to *002 0
event is triggere$
#
IBM Global Services
(#ent Creation of 'essa*e Control
Create Message type an$ $e!ine Create Message type an$ $e!ine
"or!lo" as trans'ission 'e$iu' "or!lo" as trans'ission 'e$iu'
Create Con$ition &able Create Con$ition &able
Create Access Se5uence Create Access Se5uence
Assign Access Se5uence Assign Access Se5uence
to $e!ine$ 'essage type to $e!ine$ 'essage type
%e!ine Con$ition .ecor$s %e!ine Con$ition .ecor$s
Assign 'essage type &o proce$ure Assign 'essage type &o proce$ure
&riggering an event using 'essage control occurs "ith 7AS&-
Maintain the processing progra' .SW*MC0J
"ith the >(.M routine C.*A&*G*9*7& !or
the output type *9*7 an$ trans'ission
'e$iu' K-
#
IBM Global Services
+sin* ABAP Code
&his is using $one by "riting custo' co$e e-g- by using SAP >M lie
SW*G*9*7&GC.*A&* insi$e user e3its0 BA%I etc-
CALL FUNCTION 'SWE_EVENT_CREATE'
EXPORTING
OBJTYPE = OBJTYPE
OBJKEY = OBJKEY
EVENT = EVENT
CREATOR = APPLICANT
START_WITH_DELAY = ' '
IMPORTING
EVENT_ID = EVENTID
TABLES
EVENT_CONTAINER = CONTAINER
EXCEPTIONS
OBJTYPE_NOT_FOUND = 01.
IF SYSUBRC = 0.
COMMIT WORK.
ENDIF.
#
IBM Global Services
(#ent Creators: 5ecei#ers and (#ent .inka*e
Publis'e$
Events
-eceivers
Event Event
Linkage Linkage
Creator
%n!bo$! )ant
t'is eventJ
#
IBM Global Services
%ype .inka*e (ntry
&ransaction; &ransaction; SW*2 SW*2
Menu Path ;Basic 'enu <@ &ools <@ Business Wor!lo" <@ Menu Path ;Basic 'enu <@ &ools <@ Business Wor!lo" <@ ?tilities @ (ther tools @*vent linage ?tilities @ (ther tools @*vent linage
#
IBM Global Services
(#ent %race
&ransaction; &ransaction; SW*+ SW*+
Menu Path ;Basic 'enu <@ &ools <@ Business Wor!lo" <@ %evelop'ent <@ ?tilities <@ Menu Path ;Basic 'enu <@ &ools <@ Business Wor!lo" <@ %evelop'ent <@ ?tilities <@
*vents <@ *vent &race- *vents <@ *vent &race-
#
IBM Global Services
4r*anisational Structure
#
IBM Global Services
4r*ani9ational Structure Business Scenario
, An organi6ational plan in SAP $escribes the organi6ational structure
o! a co'pany-
, &he "or!lo" syste' !in$s the agents o! the in$ivi$ual tass by
evaluating the or*ani9ational plan
, &he !unctions to create an$ 'aintain organi6ational plans are part
o! the Personnel Planning an$ %evelop'ent AP%B part o! the SAP
4. 'o$ule
, Pou 'ust connect this or*ani9ational structure to the "or!lo"
#
IBM Global Services
, 4r*ani9ational units contain positions0 occupie$ by e'ployees-
, ;o"s are abstract $escriptions o! tas assign'ents-
, Positions can be line$ to )obs- &hey inherit all the tass assigne$ to
that )ob-
, +sers- A user is an SAP logon user I%- It thus represents a single
person-
, Persons- A person is a speci!ic e'ployee create$ in the 4. 'o$ule-
, Wor!lo" tass can be assigne$ to or*ani9ational units0 positions:
1o"s or users-
, &he "or!lo" syste' uses organi6ational structure to route "or ite's
to the correct recipients
4r*ani9ational 'ana*eent
#
IBM Global Services
Create 4r*anisational Plan
Create root organi6ational unit Create root organi6ational unit
A$$itional organi6ational units A$$itional organi6ational units
Create )obs Create )obs
Create positions Create positions
Assign 4ol$ers Assign 4ol$ers
Assign tass Assign tass
&ransaction; Menu Path; PP(CW &ransaction; Menu Path; PP(CW
&ools &ools Business Wor!lo" < %evelop'ent < *nviron'ent < (rgani6ational Manage'ent < Business Wor!lo" < %evelop'ent < *nviron'ent < (rgani6ational Manage'ent <
Si'ple Maintenance L (rg plan basic $ata < Create Si'ple Maintenance L (rg plan basic $ata < Create
Create *3ecutive Boar$ Create *3ecutive Boar$
Create Sales region 0 Pro$uction Create Sales region 0 Pro$uction
A$'inistrator 0 Sales Manager A$'inistrator 0 Sales Manager
Sales Manager L eastern None Sales Manager L eastern None
Create Sales (r$er Create Sales (r$er
#
IBM Global Services
Position; Secretary Position; Secretary
Position; >I a$'inistrator J Position; >I a$'inistrator J
Position; >I a$'inistrator 2 Position; >I a$'inistrator 2
(rgani6ational unit; >I $epart'ent (rgani6ational unit; >I $epart'ent
Position; 4ea$ o! >I $epat'ent Position; 4ea$ o! >I $epat'ent
Mob !or >I e'ployee Mob !or >I e'ployee
?ser J ?ser J
Manager )ob Manager )ob
Mob !or secretary Mob !or secretary
?ser 2 ?ser 2
?ser 3 ?ser 3
?ser 2 ?ser 2
&as &as
&as &as
&as &as
Assi*ent Workflow %ask 4r*ani9ational
4"1ects
#
IBM Global Services
A*ent Assi*nent and
5ole 5esolution
< Wor!lo" <
#
IBM Global Services
A*ent
Agent is an e3ecutor o! a "or ite'-

, Agent is responsible !or e3ecuting a tas in a "or!lo"-
, Agent is $eter'ine$ by the syste' either through organi6ational chart
or $irectly i! user is assigne$ as agent !or a particular tas-
, I! the agents o! the in$ivi$ual "or!lo" steps are $eter'ine$ using the
custo'er<speci!ic organi6ational chart0 your agent assign'ent in the
"or!lo" re'ains !le3ible to change-
#
IBM Global Services
%ypes of A*ents
%ea$line Agents %ea$line Agents
7oti!ication Agents 7oti!ication Agents
Processing Agents Processing Agents
Selected a*ents Selected a*ents
are those possible are those possible
agents "ho are agents "ho are
electe$ to e3ecute a electe$ to e3ecute a
tas at runti'e tas at runti'e
Possi"le a*ents Possi"le a*ents
are a collection o! are a collection o!
agents "ho 5uali!y to agents "ho 5uali!y to
e3ecute a "or ite' e3ecute a "or ite'
Actual a*ent Actual a*ent is the is the
agent a'ong those agent a'ong those
selecte$ agents "ho selecte$ agents "ho
actually processes the actually processes the
"or ite' "or ite'
#
IBM Global Services
5ole 5esolution
+ist o! possible agents
Ae3ecutorsB o! a tas
AAll supervisors in a $ept-B
Selecte$ AgentAsB
AMr- BanningB
9ole 9ole
9esolution 9esolution
ASupervisor o!
?ser PBAC(7B
.ole E .ules
A role $e!ines rules by "hich selecte$ agents can be $eter'ine$ at runti'e through
role resolution- .ole resolution restricts the nu'ber o! possible agents-
#
IBM Global Services
Standard 5ules
A rule container is $e!ine$ !or each rule-
&he rule para'eters $eter'ine "hich in!or'ation is re5uire$ !or the rule resolution
to be e3ecute$ at runti'e-
I! an error occurs $uring rule resolution0 setting the ter'ination in$icator !or the rule
resolution $eter'ines ho" the "or!lo" "ill continue;
>lag is selecte$ < the "or!lo" assu'es an *rror status an$ a noti!ication is sent
to the "or!lo" a$'inistrator-
In$icator is not activate$ < the "or!lo" !or"ar$s this "or ite' to A++ possible
agents-
#
IBM Global Services
5ule Basics
&ransaction ; P>ACGI7SACreateB &ransaction ; P>ACGI7SACreateB
Menu Path; &ools L Business Wor!lo" L %evelop'ent L %e!inition tools L .ules !or Agent Menu Path; &ools L Business Wor!lo" L %evelop'ent L %e!inition tools L .ules !or Agent
Assign'ent L Create/Change/%isplay- Assign'ent L Create/Change/%isplay-
*ach rule gets a = $igit generate$ by the syste' pre!i3e$ "ith AC
.ules can be teste$ using P>&C or by !unction 'o$ule Q.4GG*&GAC&(.SR
#
IBM Global Services
5ule $efinition in a Acti#ity Step %ype
9arious options to create stan$ar$ rules ;
3- .esponsibility APure con!iguration no ABAP co$ingB
%e!ine$ 9alue ranges are assigne$ to Agents
%ata is !ille$ !ro' "or!lo" container at runti'e
*valution paths APure con!iguration no ABAP co$ingB
(rgani6ational $ata APure con!iguration no ABAP co$ingB
Mobs 0 positions
2- >unctions to be e3ecute$ L ABAP Co$e L >unction Mo$ule
#
IBM Global Services
5ule $efinition with 5esponsi"ility& (xaple
Mones Mones
S'ith S'ith
Anna Anna
Michael Michael
Willia' Willia'
.oss .oss
%avi$ %avi$
George George
Peter Peter
*'ployee 7a'es A<H *'ployee 7a'es A<H
*'ployee 7a'es +<N *'ployee 7a'es +<N
Mr- Miller Mr- Miller
Position ; A$'inistrator Position ; A$'inistrator
4. 4.
Mr- An$re" Mr- An$re"
Position ; A$'inistrator Position ; A$'inistrator
4. 4.
#
IBM Global Services
5ule $efinition with 5esponsi"ility& (xaple
7a'e 7a'e ?na'e ?na'e *le'ent *le'ent
7a'e 7a'e %ata &ype %ata &ype Container *le'ent Container *le'ent
*'ployees !ro' +<N NS +S
*'ployees !ro' A<N HS AS
7a'e >ro' &o 9alue >ro'
.ules Container %e!inition .ules Container %e!inition
Areas o! .esponsibility Areas o! .esponsibility
Mr- An$re" Mr- An$re"
Mr- Miller Mr- Miller
Which 9alueT Which 9alueT Which Agent Which Agent
#
IBM Global Services
(#aluation path as 5ule
*valuation path $escribes ho" to !in$ one or 'ore organi6ational ob)ects base$
(n an initial organi6ational units
*3a'ple
4ol$er o! a position 4ol$er o! a position SAPG4(+% SAPG4(+%
Superiors o! a users Superiors o! a users ?SGC4*> ?SGC4*>
All users o! a organi6ation unit0)ob0 position All users o! a organi6ation unit0)ob0 position W>G(.G?S W>G(.G?S
Get organi6ation unit !or a user i$/person i$ Get organi6ation unit !or a user i$/person i$ W>G(.G?7 W>G(.G?7
'eanin* 'eanin* (#aluation path (#aluation path
&ransaction ; ((AW &ransaction ; ((AW
Menu Path; Menu Path;
#
IBM Global Services
(#aluation path as 5ule contd.
4ere are the basic steps;
2- %eter'ine the evaluation path that nee$s to be use$
3- Create a rule setting the type Q>unction to be e3ecute$R-
1- *nter !unction 'o$ule .4GG*&GS&.?C&?.*
8- *nter the evaluation path $eter'ine$ in step J above
2- >ollo"ing rule container nee$s to be create$
?SSMI&4 ?SSMI&4 (rgani6ational 'anage'ent ob)ect (rgani6ational 'anage'ent ob)ect W>SPS&GAG*7& W>SPS&GAG*7& (.GGAG*7& (.GGAG*7&
SMI&4 SMI&4 I% o! organi6ational 'anage'ent ob)ect I% o! organi6ational 'anage'ent ob)ect (BM*CG.*A+( (BM*CG.*A+( (BMI% (BMI%
?S ?S &ype o! organi6ational 'anage'ent ob)ect &ype o! organi6ational 'anage'ent ob)ect 4B;(C-4%<P( 4B;(C-4%<P( (&PP* (&PP*
(xaple (xaple $escription $escription $ata type ref $ata type ref Nae Nae
#
IBM Global Services
5ole 5esolution with /unction 'odules
*3ception in$ication no agents !oun$ *3ception in$ication no agents !oun$ 7(B(%PG>(?7% 7(B(%PG>(?7% *3ception *3ception
(utgoing list o! agents in agent !or'at (utgoing list o! agents in agent !or'at SW4AC&(. SW4AC&(. AC&(.G&AB AC&(.G&AB &able &able
Inco'ing rule container Inco'ing rule container SWC(7& SWC(7& ACGC(7&AI7*. ACGC(7&AI7*. &able &able
'eanin* 'eanin* $ata %ype 5ef $ata %ype 5ef Nae Nae Paraeter Paraeter
%ype %ype
.ole resolution "ith !unction 'o$ule shoul$ be $one only !or co'ple3 criteria
4ere are the basic steps;
1- A !unction 'o$ule "ith the !ollo"ing inter!ace is create$
J- Create a rule setting the type Q>unction to be e3ecute$R-
2- *nter the create$ !unction 'o$ule na'e
3- Create container ele'ents-
#
IBM Global Services
>ia organi?ational ob4ects@ 9ole resolution utili?ing organi?ational data
analyses
the assignment of an organi?ational ob4ect 5plant& laboratory& %9A
controller&
planner group& shipping point& sales office6 to a position or
organi?ational unit
Plant Laborator! Sales O**ice
(xecution of a 5ole 5esolution
#ia 4r*ani9ational 4"1ects
#
IBM Global Services
%asks& Possi"le A*ents 0 $efault 5oles
Hser Hser Position Position Aob Aob OrgB Hnit OrgB Hnit Person Person
T%SE T%SE
,e*ault role ,e*ault role
Possible agents Possible agents
Business Business
Worplace Worplace
&he "orplace $isplays the
"or ite's !or a agent
#
IBM Global Services
)ow are Selected A*ents $eterined With and
Without a $efault 5ole7
Possible %gents
Task $e*inition )it'
no $e*ault role
$e*ault role
Triggering Triggering
Event Event
#
IBM Global Services
)ow are Selected A*ents $eterined With a
W/ A*ent7
%ll "ossible agents )'o
Kuali*! to e.ecute task
Ste" $e*inition at )ork*lo)
$e*nB level )it' an agent
s"eci*ie$B T'is overri$es
$e*ault role at task $e*nB level
no $e*ault role
$e*ault role
Triggering Triggering
Event Event
#
IBM Global Services
Workflow and A.(
#
IBM Global Services
Workflow and A.(
(rror Notification
Acti#e 'onitorin*
I$4C Processin*
Notification of successful postin*

#
IBM Global Services
Workflow and (rror Notification
% e t e r ' i n e
. e c i p i e n t s
? s e r c h e c s i n b o 3
a n $ e 3 e c u t e s t h e
" o r i t e '
> i 3 t h e e r r o r
P u r g e t h e I % o c
. e s t a r t t h e
p r o c e s s
? s e r / G r o u p
g e t s n o t i ! i e $
v i a a " o r i t e '
C a n e r r o r b e
! i 3 e $ T
* n $
* 3 c e p t i o n
. a i s e $
P e s
7 o
B u s i n e s s + s e r A n a l y s i s
#
IBM Global Services
A.( error handlin*
A.( error handlin*
+ser action
5/= action
(xecute Workite
/ix error and reprocess I$oc
or
/la* I$oc for deletion
(rror in in"ound function odule
A.( tri**ers error e#ent
Workite appears in user>s In"ox
$isplay I$oc for user processin*
,I$oc ethod ?Input/ore*round?-
A.( tri**ers end e#ent
Workite copleted
input *rror (ccurre$
input >inishe$
#
IBM Global Services
A.( error handlin*- (xaple
A.( error handlin*- (xaple
&he e3a'ple belo" o! an inboun$ error !or a 'aterial 'aster 'essage sho"s the steps
in A+* error han$ling;
3- &he inboun$ !unction 'o$ule passes 'essage to the A+* layer that an error has
occurre$-
1- A+* triggers the ob)ect event Oinput*rror(ccurre$O !ro' the I%C(MA&MAS
category-
8- &his event is line$ to stan$ar$ tas nu'ber 0000:K1:0 OMA&MASGinboun$ errorU
2- A "or ite' appears in the userRs inbo30 the "or ite'Rs short te3t is the !irst !i!ty
characters o! the error 'essage containe$ in the I%ocRs status recor$-
:- When the user processes the "or ite'0 the I%(CMA&MAS 'etho$
OI%(C-Input>oregroun$O is processe$-
=- I%oc status recor$ is $isplaye$ an$ the user can $isplay the error 'essageFs long
te3t- I! the user "as able to re'e$y the error0 the I%oc can be sub'itte$ !or
up$ating- I! the error cannot be re'e$ie$0 the user can !lag the I%oc !or $eletion-
K- I! the I%oc "as either success!ully sub'itte$ or !lagge$ !or $eletion0
I%(CMA&MASRs event Oinput>inishe$O is triggere$ in$icating that the tas has been
carrie$ out-
#
IBM Global Services
Active Monitoring
Active 'onitoring allo"s to speci!y threshol$ values !or the state o! the syste'
>or e-g threshol$ can be on the nu'ber o! I%ocs in error or the ti'e li'it
.eport Progra' .S*I%(CA can be e3ecute$ perio$ically
Selection screen taes as input the threshol$ values an$ persons to be noti!ie$
When $e!ine$ threshol$ is e3cee$e$ Single Step &as &S302000== is e3ecute$

#
IBM Global Services
Settin* up In"ound Process #ia Workflow
&he stan$ar$ syste' can be con!igure$ to start a W> !or an inco'ing I%oc-
?se!ul "hen revie" is essential be!ore posting
Custo'- SAP $oes not $eliver stan$ar$-
&he settings are;

<<Create the custo' tas or W>
<<Create a ne" process Co$e A W*12B an$ attach this
custo' W>/&as-
<<In the Partner Pro!ile0 attach the ne" Process co$e
#
IBM Global Services
Notification of Successful Postin*
&he A+*/*%I inter!ace can raise events on success!ul posting o! an I%(C-

&he settings are;
<<I$enti!y the Appl-(b) create$ by the I$oc- &3n; W*8:
<<I$enti!y the event that nee$s to be raise$-
<<Go to B%2:0 select Process co$e an$ populate (b)ect
type an$ *vent-
<<I$enti!y/Create tass/W> an$ enable event linage-
#
IBM Global Services
Business Workflow
Custoi9ation
< Wor!lo" <
#
IBM Global Services
Workflow Custoi9in* - SW+=

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IBM Global Services

Copyright IBM Corporation 2003

Wor!lo" architecture Wor!lo" architecture

Wor!lo" steps in $etails Wor!lo" steps in $etails

Business (b)ects an$ Metho$s Business (b)ects an$ Metho$s

%i!!erent types o! Agent %i!!erent types o! Agent

Wor!lo" an$ A+* Wor!lo" an$ A+*

SAP Business Wor!lo", is a cross-application tool that 'aes it possible

*ach lacks a way to trace "here a tas is-

Who executed or is e3ecuting it-

4o" 'uch tie it re!uired-

&ool !or the auto'i6ation o! "usiness processes

7ot tie$ up to any paricular application

(perates uni!or'ly accross applications

Coor$inate all participating tass

Provi$e users "ith acti#e support

Within "or!lo" te'plates0 there is a ey "ith the !ollo"ing structure;

$ocuent fro teplate

>iel$ co'parison e-g constants 0 ob)ect attribute0 syste' !iel$s

WAI% for e#ent

3eneral /orwardin* Allowed

3eneral /orwardin* Not Allowed

/orwardin* not allowed

Wor!lo" $eals "ith ob)ect types- (b)ect types are $e!initions o!

Most o! the in!or'ation represente$ by ob)ect types is available in

4"1ects are create$ at runti'e an$ are speci!ic instances o!

Many ob)ect types are $elivere$ by SAP- In a$$ition0 the custo'er

Inter!aces are a co'bination o! attributes0 'etho$s0 an$ events to be use$ in

An event $escribes a possible status change !or an ob)ect in the SAP

Be!ore an event can be use$ in a "or!lo"0 it 'ust be $e!ine$ in the

*vents 'ust be triggere$ e3plicitly- &he application itsel! can be the

Agent is an e3ecutor o! a "or ite'-

%e!ine$ 9alue ranges are assigne$ to Agents

%ata is !ille$ !ro' "or!lo" container at runti'e

*valution paths APure con!iguration no ABAP co$ingB

(rgani6ational $ata APure con!iguration no ABAP co$ingB

Notification of successful postin*

.eport Progra' .S*I%(CA can be e3ecute$ perio$ically

When $e!ine$ threshol$ is e3cee$e$ Single Step &as &S302000== is e3ecute$

?se!ul "hen revie" is essential be!ore posting

Custo'- SAP $oes not $eliver stan$ar$-

&he settings are;

&he A+*/*%I inter!ace can raise events on success!ul posting o! an I%(C-

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