Battle of Summa

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Battle of Summa
Battle of Summa
Part of the Winter War
Date 16 December 22 December 1939
1 February 15 February 1940
Location Summa Lahde Sector
Result First battle in December: Finnish defensive victory; Second battle in February: Soviet victory, overrunning the
Mannerheim Line
Belligerents
Finland Soviet Union
Commanders and leaders
Harald hquist
Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim
Semyon Timoshenko
Strength
Third Division 7. Army and 13. Army
Casualties and losses
Thousands (dead, wounded, missing) Tens of thousands (dead, wounded, missing)
Large amount of material (tanks, guns, aircraft, etc.)
The Battle of Summa was fought between the Soviet Union and Finland, in two phases, first in December 1939 and
then in February 1940. It was part of the Winter War and was fought near the village of Summa (now Soldatskoye)
along the main road leading from Leningrad to Viipuri.
First battle in December
The village of Summa was a gateway to the city of Viipuri. The Finns had built 41 reinforced concrete bunkers in the
Summa area, and the defense line was stronger than elsewhere in the Karelian Isthmus. However, the Finns had
made mistakes in planning and nearby Munasuo swamp, east of Summa, had a kilometer wide gap in the line. At
least 20 tanks drove through the line in the first day of battle, but the Soviets did not have proper co-operation
between branches of service; tanks, artillery and troops fought their own battles. The Finns stood still in trenches and
allowed the Soviet tanks to move behind the defense line on 19 December, as they did not have proper anti-tank
weapons. After that the Finns repelled the Soviet main troops. Deserted tanks behind the line attacked randomly
against strongpoints, but after over twenty tanks were eliminated their threat was over. The Finns won the battle on
22 December.
Battle of Summa
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Second battle in February
As the Soviets found it too difficult to breach the line at the Summa sector, they attacked 10km to the east in a sector
known as Lhde. If they broke through there then they could encircle the Finns holding the Summa position.
Timoschenko knew he could beat the Finns in a battle of attrition. His plan was to wear them down and go for an
intense final attack.
First large probing actions were launched against the Finnish lines. For over ten days the line held every position. On
11 February, the Soviets began their major assault.
On 12 February, a minor breach in the Finnish lines in the Lhde sector led to disaster. By that time, so many
breaches had occurred in the Mannerheim Line that the reports concerning them were virtually disregarded. The
following morning, a Finnish counter-attack was supposed to be launched by the entire 5th Division, the only reserve
in easy reach of the front-line, but only one of the three regiments was available as the other two regiments had to be
parceled out elsewhere.
Only two Finnish battalions launched a counter-attack against two well supplied Soviet regiments that were equipped
with armor and artillery. The attack was thrown back with heavy Finnish casualties. The Russians made efforts to
exploit this salient. One tank regiment proceeded as far as the Lhde road junction but then halted. Although
complete victory was in their grasp, the Russians stopped their armoured spearhead.
Many Finnish companies were reduced to half their original strength. One company had lost 86 out 110 men.
Over-night from the 14th to the 15th, the Finns began withdrawing from the Summa position. On the morning of the
15th the Russians attacked an empty position at Summa with more than 100 tanks and two divisions. That afternoon,
Mannerheim ordered a general retreat to the Intermediate Line.
References
Coordinates: 60.507342N 29.012389E (http:/ / tools. wmflabs. org/ geohack/ geohack.
php?pagename=Battle_of_Summa& params=60. 507342_N_29. 012389_E_)
Article Sources and Contributors
3
Article Sources and Contributors
Battle of Summa Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=610533975 Contributors: Aqua817, Ardfern, Bart133, Bogdan, Dl2000, Dr. Dan, Frietjes, Goudzovski, JHMM13, Kirill
Lokshin, Kruter-Oliven, Kurt Leyman, Manxruler, Mild Bill Hiccup, Peltimikko, Pudeo, Roy Al Blue, Rshu, SGBailey, ShakingSpirit, Srich32977, Wanderer602, Wonx2150, Wwoods, Zarex,
23 anonymous edits
Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors
File:Flag of Finland.svg Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Flag_of_Finland.svg License: Public Domain Contributors: Drawn by User:SKopp
File:Flag of the Soviet Union (1923-1955).svg Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_(1923-1955).svg License: GNU Free Documentation License
Contributors: User:Rotemliss
License
Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0
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