Chapter 1 Applications: Introduction

This applications section covers two tasks. Task 1 introduces the applications of ArcCatalog,
ArcMap, and ArcToolbox in ArcView 8.1 and the patial Anal!st extension. Task " introduces
Arc#nfo $orkstation and its use.
Arc%# 8.1 uses a single, scalable architecture and user interface. Arc%# 8.1 has three versions&
ArcView 8.1, Arc'ditor 8.1, and Arc#nfo 8.1. ArcView 8.1 is the si(plest version and has fewer
capabilities than the other two versions. All three versions, however, use the sa(e applications of
ArcCatalog, ArcMap, and ArcToolbox. Moreover, the extensions of patial Anal!st, )* Anal!st,
and %eotatistical Anal!st are available to all three versions.
+ou can tell which version of Arc%# 8.1 !ou are using b! looking at the title of an application.
,or exa(ple, the title of ArcCatalog (a! appear as ArcCatalog - ArcView or ArcCatalog -
Arc#nfo, depending on if !ou are using ArcView 8.1 or Arc#nfo 8.1. +ou can also tell which
version !ou are using b! starting ArcToolbox. ArcView 8.1 offers three t!pes of tools&
Conversion Tools, *ata Manage(ent Tools, and M! Tools. Arc#nfo 8.1, on the other hand, has an
additional t!pe of tools called Anal!sis Tools.
Most application tasks in this book use ArcView 8.1. o(e tasks re.uire Arc#nfo $orkstation or
Arc#nfo 8.1.
Task 1: Introduction to ArcCatalog, ArcMap, and ArcToolbox in ArcView 8.1
hat !ou need& emidalat, an elevation grid/ emidastrm.shp, a strea( shapefile
Task 1 introduces the applications of ArcCatalog, ArcMap, and ArcToolbox in ArcView 8.1. +ou
will use ArcCatalog to (anage the data sets, ArcMap to displa! the data sets and to derive a
slope (ap fro( emidalat, and ArcToolbox to convert emidastrm.shp to a geodatabase feature
class.
1. tart ArcCatalog. ArcCatalog lets !ou set up connections to data sources, which (a! reside
in a folder on a local disk or a database on the network. ,or Task 1, !ou will (ake connection
to the folder containing the Chapter 1 database 0e.g., chap11. Click the Connect to ,older
button. 2avigate to the chap1 folder and click 34. The chap1 folder now appears in the
Catalog tree. Click the plus sign next to the folder to view the datasets in the folder.
". Click emidalat in the Catalog tree. Click the 5review tab to view the elevation grid. Click the
Metadata tab. The *escription tab shows that emidalat is a raster dataset in '6# grid for(at.
The patial tab shows emidalat is a pro7ected grid. 2o detailed attribute infor(ation is
available for emidalat under the Attributes tab. 0Emidalat is a floating8point grid and has no
attribute table.1
). Click emidastrm.shp in the Catalog tree. +ou can preview the geograph! of emidastrm.shp as
well as its table b! selecting Table in the 5review9s dropdown list.
:. ArcCatalog allows !ou to perfor( data (anage(ent tasks. 6ight click emidastrm.shp in the
Catalog tree. A (enu, which is called the context (enu of emidastrm.shp, appears with
selections including Cop!, *elete, 6ena(e, Create ;a!er, 'xport, and 5roperties. ,or
exa(ple, if !ou want to cop! emidastrm.shp to a different folder, !ou can select Cop! in its
context (enu, and right8click the folder where !ou want to cop! emidastrm.shp to and select
5aste.
<. tart ArcMap b! clicking the ;aunch ArcMap button in ArcCatalog. An alternative is to start
ArcMap b! using the 5rogra(s (enu. ArcMap is the (ain application for data displa!, data
.uer!, and data output. everal things are i(portant to know about ArcMap. ,irst, associated
with ArcMap is a tool bar, which includes such tools as =oo( in, =oo( out, 5an, elect
'le(ents, and #dentif!. $hen !ou hold the (ouse point over a tool 0a graphic icon1, a short
(essage called ToolTip appears in a floating !ellow box to tell !ou the function of the tool.
econd, ArcMap has two views& *ata View and ;a!out View. 0The buttons for the two views
are located at the botto( of the view window.1 *ata View is for viewing data, whereas
;a!out View is for viewing the (ap product for printing and plotting. Third, ArcMap
organi>es data sets into data fra(es. 'ach data fra(e contains data sets (ade of shapefiles,
grids, or coverages, and, to spatiall! register with one another, these data sets (ust be based
on the sa(e coordinate s!ste(. #f one or (ore of the data sets in a data fra(e do not have
pro7ection infor(ation, ArcMap will displa! a warning (essage about the (issing
infor(ation and use the first available pro7ection infor(ation for data displa!.
?. Click the Add *ata button in ArcMap, navigate to the chap1 folder, and select emidalat and
emidastrm.shp to add to the (ap. To select (ore than one data set to add, click the first data
set and then click other data sets while holding down the Control ke!. An alternative to the
Add *ata button is the drag8and8drop (ethod. +ou can add a data set in ArcMap b! dragging
it fro( the Catalog tree and dropping it in ArcMap9s view window.
@. Emidalat and emidastrm are now added to the Table of Contents under ;a!ers. A (essage
appears infor(ing !ou about one or (ore la!ers with (issing spatial reference infor(ation.
Emidastrm.shp does not have the pro7ection infor(ation, although it is based on the ATM
coordinate s!ste(, sa(e as emidalat. +ou will learn in Chapter " how to define a coordinate
s!ste(.
8. ArcMap places the last data set added to view at the top of the Table of Contents. +ou can
change the order b! dragging a data set to a new position and dropping it.
B. The generic na(e for a data fra(e is ;a!ers. +ou can go through the following steps to
change the na(e fro( ;a!ers to Task 1& right8click ;a!ers in the Table of Contents, select
5roperties fro( ;a!ers9 context (enu, click the %eneral tab, and enter Task 1 for the 2a(e.
1C. This step is change the s!(bol for emidastrm. Click the s!(bol for emidastrm in the Table of
Contents to open the !(bol elector dialog. +ou can either select a preset s!(bol for river
or (ake up !our own s!(bol for emidastrm b! specif!ing the color, width, and properties of
the s!(bol.
11. This step is to displa! emidalat in the elevation >ones of DBCC, BCC81CCC, 1CCC811CC, 11CC8
1"CC, 1"CC81)CC, and E1)CC (eters. 6ight8click emidalat and select 5roperties fro( the
context (enu. Click the !(bolog! tab. Click Classified in the how fra(e. Change the
nu(ber of classes to ?, and click the Classif! button. The Method dropdown list in the
Classification dialog offers six (ethods& Manual, '.ual #nterval, *efined #nterval, Fuantile,
2atural Greaks 0Henks1, and tandard *eviation. elect Manual. There are two wa!s to set
the break values for the elevation >ones (anuall!. To use the first (ethod, !ou will check the
box to snap breaks to data values and then click the first break line and drag it to the intended
value of BCC. +ou will do the sa(e to set the break lines at 1CCC, 11CC, 1"CC, 1)CC, and
1))@. To use the second (ethod, !ou will click the first cell in the Greak Values fra(e and
enter BCC. +ou will click and enter 1CCC, 11CC, 1"CC, and 1)CC for the next four cells. #f the
break value !ou entered is changed to a different value, re8enter it. To unselect 1))@, which is
the highest value, click the e(pt! space below the cell. After entering the break values, Click
34 to dis(iss the Classification dialog.
1". +ou can change the color sche(e for emidalat b! using the Color 6a(p dropdown list in the
;a!er 5roperties dialog. o(eti(es it is easier to select a color sche(e using words instead
of graphic views. #n that case, !ou can right8click inside the Color 6a(p box and uncheck
%raphic View. The Color 6a(p dropdown list now shows $hite to Glack, +ellow to 6ed,
etc. elect 'levation I1. Click 34 and dis(iss the ;a!er 5roperties dialog.
1). everal extensions are available for ArcView 8.1, including patial Anal!st, )* Anal!st, and
%eostatiscal Anal!st. ,or exa(ple, !ou can derive a slope (ap fro( emidalat. elect
'xtensions fro( the Tools (enu and check the box for patial Anal!st. Then select Toolbars
fro( the View (enu in ArcMap. Make sure that the box for patial Anal!st is checked. After
docking the patial Anal!st toolbar, click the patial Anal!st dropdown arrow. elect urface
Anal!sis and then lope. #n the lope dialog, (ake sure the input surface is emidalat, the
output (easure(ent is degree, the = factor is 1, the output cell si>e is )C 0(eters1, and the
output raster is te(porar!. Click 34. Slope of emidalat is now added to the Table of
Contents.
1:. +ou can save Task 1 as a (ap docu(ent before exiting ArcMap. elect ave As fro( the ,ile
(enu in ArcMap. 2avigate to the chap1 folder, enter Task1 for the file na(e, and click ave.
ArcMap auto(aticall! add the extension .(xd to Task1. *ata sets displa!ed in Task 1 are
now saved with Task1.(xd. To re8open Task1.(xd, Task1.(xd (ust reside in the sa(e
folder as the data sets it references.
1<. To exit ArcMap, si(pl! select 'xit fro( the ,ile (enu. To (ake sure that Task1.(xd is
saved correctl!, launch ArcMap. elect 3pen fro( the ,ile (enu, navigate to the chap1
folder, and double8click Task1.
1?. The rest of Task 1 is to use ArcToolbox to convert emidastrm.shp to a geodatabase feature
class. ,irst, !ou (ust create a personal geodatabase. 6ight8click the chap1 folder in the
Catalog tree, point to 2ew, and select 5ersonal %eodatabase. 6ena(e the new personal
geodatabase emida.mdb. #f the extension .(db does not appear, select 3ptions fro( the Tools
(enu and uncheck the box next to Jide file extensions.
1@. +ou can start ArcToolbox b! clicking the ;aunch ArcToolbox button in ArcCatalog or b!
using the 5rogra(s (enu. Click the plus sign next to Conversion Tools. Click the plus sign
next to 'xport fro( hapefile, and double8click on hapefile to %eodatabase $i>ard. #n the
first panel, select emidastrm.shp for the input shapefile b! using the browse button or the
drag8and8drop (ethod. Click 2ext. #n the second panel, choose emida.mdb as the
geodatabase. #n the third panel, (ake sure that !ou want to create a stand8alone feature class
and click 2ext. 3pt to accept the default para(eters in the fourth panel and click 2ext. Click
,inish in the u((ar! dialog.
18. Click the plus sign next to emida.mdb in the Catalog tree, and the feature class emidastrm
appears. Click emidastrm to preview it. Emidastrm looks the sa(e as emidastrm.shp.
1B. To exit ArcToolbox, select 'xit fro( the Tools (enu. ;ikewise, select 'xit fro( the ,ile
(enu to exit ArcCatalog.
Task ": Introduction to ArcIn#o orkstation

hat !ou need& emidalat, an elevation grid/ breakstrm, a strea( coverage
As explained in the chapter, the practice sections of this book onl! use Arc#nfo $orkstation in
Arc%# 8.1, which is the sa(e as A6CK#2,3 version @.x and can operate on either A2#L or 2T
$indows. The co((and8driven Arc#nfo $orkstation organi>es co((ands into (odules such as
Arc, Arc5lot, Arc'dit, and Tables. Arc is the start up (odule/ Arc5lot displa!s coverages, grids,
and T#2s/ Arc'dit includes editing functions/ and Tables works with tables or #2,3 files. $hile
working in Arc#nfo $orkstation, !ou need to (ove between (odules, depending on the task !ou
do.
Task " uses Arc#nfo $orkstation to displa! emidalat and breakstrm. Breakstrm shows the sa(e
strea(s as emidastrm.shp for Task 1 except that breakstrm is a coverage.
1. Ase the 5rogra(s (enu to start Arc#nfo $orkstation. After the Arc pro(pt appears, use the
$3645AC' 0or $1 co((and to change the director! to the chap1 folder, where emidalat
and breakstrm reside.
". ,irst, !ou need to go to Arcplot and set up the environ(ent to displa! emidalat and
breakstrm&
Arc& arcplot
Arcplot& displa! BBBB KMdefine the co(puter (onitor as the displa! device
Arcplot& (apextent e(idalat KMdefine the (ap extent of e(idalat
Note: To explain what a command does, this book includes the explanation following /.
). The next co((and displa! emidalat b! using an ite( 0value for this exa(ple1 and a look up
table 0emidalat.lut1&
Arcplot& gridpaint e(idalat value e(idalat.lut KMdispla! e(idalat b! elevation >one
Arcplot& arclines breakstr( ) KMdispla! breakstr( in green
Note: ! look"up table like emidalat.lut specifies the s#mbol for each ele$ation %one.
:. Ase FA#T to exist Arcplot and Arc&
Arcplot& .uit
Arc& .uit