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Given Values:

600 MW coal fired plant


18 % excess air
Proximate Analysis:
Moisture
VM
FC
Ash
Total

12
38.4
43.6
6
100
Heating Value
(BTU/lb as
11030 received)

Ultimate Analysis (wt. %):


Carbon
Hydrogen
Nitrogen
Sulfur
Ash
Oxygen
Total

62.6
4.5
1.2
0.7
6
13
88

Overall Efficiency (%)

33

Required Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) Emissions


Captured (%)

99

Particulate Collection (ESP) efficiency (%)

99.9

Ambient Temperature fuel enters at (F)

80

Relative Humidity (%)

60

Forced air draft fan and induced air draft fan


balance furnace draft
Unburnt fuel loss (%)

0.2

Selective catalytic reduction system reduces


NOx by ___ % using NH3

80

% of fuel nitrogen forms NO that reacts with


NH3 to reduce N2 over catalyst

40

Particulate collection = bag house = esp


% of total ash that flows as bottom ash from the
combustion chamber (rest captured by ESP)

clean gas goes through stack at:


degrees F above
80 dew point of gas
steam to high pressure turbine:
1000 F
2520 psig
flow rate of high pressure steam (lb/h)

4080000

lbs after expansion to 653 psig to go back to


the heater
heater heats it to:
1000 F
587 psig

3770000

1 atm all through


the gas stream
table 8 for
enthalpies for heat
loss through stack
(do each material
separately)
stack to ambient
for stack gas

38% means it
burns C + 1/2 O2 =
CO
rest does C + H2O
= CO + H2O

Ultimate Analysis
(wt. %):
Carbon
Hydrogen
Nitrogen
Sulfur
Oxygen

AIR
62.6%
4.5%
1.2%
0.7%
13%

Water

ambient pressure
vapor pressure of
H2O at 26.7
Celsius

12%

Ash

Assume:

18% excess
60% humidity

6% Total W/o H2O

88%

760 mmHg
26.271 mmHg
mol fraction of
water in air
0.020740263157895

coal feed rate


100 lb/h

mass flow rate


(lb/h)
Carbon
Hydrogen (H2)
Nitrogen (N2)

Sulfur (S)
Oxygen (O2)
Water
Ash

lb mole flow rate


5.22
2.23
0.04 N2 sent to each
NO
N2
0.7
0.02
13
0.41
12
0.67
6

62.6
4.5
1.2

lb mole O2
lb mole flow rate
required
5.21
2.23
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.41
0.67
total required O2=

Dry air required=


Wet air required =
Actual air sent=

O2
N2

0.02
0.00
0.02
-0.41

5.963 lb mole

28.39 lb mole/h
28.99
34.20 lb mole/h
979.10 lb/h
0.49 tons/hour

mass air
sent/mass fuel
Moisture in air=

5.22
1.11

9.79
0.71
12.78
7.03
26.46

lb air/lb coal
lb mole/h
lb/h
lb mole/h
lb mole/h

0.0156 lb moisture/lb air

Products
CO2

mass flow rate (lb mass flow rate


mole/h)
(lb/h)
5.22
229.53

H2O

2.23

40.14

NO

0.01

0.26

SO2
O2
Moisture in coal
Moisture in air
Ash
N2

0.02
1.07
0.67
0.71

1.40
0.03
12.00
0.04
6.00
741.62

26.49

Given
600 MW
33% thermal efficency (%)
3412000 (Btu/h)/MW
11030 Btu/lb coal
3.63E-05 ton/ft3

n:
0.709400817299805 moisture mols
7.0338744980693 O2 mols
26.4607659689274 N2 mols
gas constant R (ft^3*
0.7302413 atm*R^1*lb-mol^1)

coal feed rate=

air feed rate with


respect to the fuel
feed rate

28.6151755473684
total lbs/ lb-mole = M
n = m/M
PV = nRT = m/M * RT
m/V = PM/RT
0.072610887742931 lb/ft^3
0.000036305443871 tons/ft^3

562,433.03 lb coal/h
281.22 ton coal/h

9.79 lb air/lb coal


Molecular weight of
WET air

required air feed


rate
Air flow rate
through the FD fan
ACFM = SCFM *
(Tact / Tstd)

2,753.40 ton air/h

ton air/ton coal


mole air/mole coal

75,839,908.68 SCFH
83,188,055.93 ACFH

Standard assumes
492 R and 1 atm.

9.79103780200597
4.10448495411558

28.63

Given data
99.9% Ash removed
0.1% Ash leaving ESP

90% S2 captured
10% S2 released

5% bottom ash

total input gases


CO2
H2O
NO
SO2
O2
Ash
N2

long story short


(output)
mass flow rate
(lb/h)
ton/h
229.53
52.18
0.26
1.40
0.03
5.70
741.62

lb/h

0.00000285

229.53
52.18
0.26
0.1400
0.03
0.01
741.62

Given
80% NO removed
20% NO leaving
Input
NO
Products
N2
H2O
NO

mass flow rate


(lb/h)

mass of NO
reacting
0.26

lb mole/h
0.006
0.007
0.002

molar flow rate of NH3 Required (lb NH3 required


NO (lb mole/h)
mole/h)
(ton/h)
0.206
0.007
0.005
0.00007

Stack Gasses
CO2
H2O
NO
SO2
O2
N2
Ash

lb/h

lb mole/h
229.533
52.190
0.051
0.140
0.033
741.627
0.006

Wet total
Dry Total

5.217
2.896
0.002
0.002
0.001
26.487

mole fraction (wet) mole fraction (dry) mole % (wet)


mole% (dry)
0.151
0.165
15.075
16.452
0.084
8.369
0.000
4.95E-05
5.41E-05
4.95E-03
5.41E-03
6.32E-05
6.90E-05
6.32E-03
6.90E-03
3.02E-05
3.30E-05
3.02E-03
3.30E-03
0.765
0.835
76.541
83.532

34.605
31.708

Molecular weight
Molecular weight (dry)
29.582
30.638 lb/lb mole

From Book:
T (C)
P (mmHg)
Partial Pressure of
Steam in Stack (in
mmHg):
Dew Point Leaving
Stack in degrees
Celsius (using the
steam tables in the
book):

lb wet flue gas/h


1,023.676

0.003 lb mole/SCF
lb flue gas/lb fuel
10.237

44.500
70.050

44.600
70.410

Partial Pressure =
Vapor Pressure at
63.608 Dew Point

42.711

Conversion to
Degrees F:

108.879

Maintenance
temperature (F)

188.879

ideal

flue gas
367,499.610 SCFH

gas
CO2
H2O
NO
SO2
O2
N2

mol %
15.075
8.369
0.005
0.006
0.003
76.541

h (188.887 F)
1029.00102
905.79247
797.258306

h (80 F)
26.8695652173913
24.1304347826087
21.3036036036036

delta h (contributed)
151.072369066587
73.7904489376691
0.038440305810614
0.000148691025506
1521.13579 21.1304347826087 0.045318827447725
779.47269 20.8695652173913 580.643383600527

total flue
heat loss
SO2
a
b
c
d
t1
t2

3.89E-02
3.90E-05
-3.10E-08
8.61E-12
8.72E+01
2.67E+01

805.59 btu/lb-mol
27,877.05 btu/hr

HP Turbine
temp
pressure

1,000.000
2,520.000
2,520.068
1,457.370

enthalpy

F
psig
psia
btu/lb

temp
pressure

4,080,000.000 lb/hour

IP Turbine
1,000.000
587.000
587.068
1,517.590
3,770,000.000 pounds/h

F
psig
psia
btu/lb

Coal
11,030.000 BTU/lb
562,433.034 pounds coal/ h
Air

6,203,636,363.64 enthalpy coal


400,095,498.28 enthalpy air
total boiler
6,603,731,861.92 enthalpy/h

543,495,919.555 pounds air/hour


Dry air:
0.000 h (77 F) (btu/lb-mol)
160 h (100 F) (btu/lb-mol)
20.870 h (80 F) (btu/lb-mol) 20.8695652173913
h (80 F) (btu/lb-mol)
20.437 in wet air
h (80 F) (btu/lb) in
0.708 wet air
H2O
0 h (77 F) (btu/lb-mol)
185 h (100 F) (btu/lb-mol)
24.130 h (80 F) (btu/lb-mol)
h (80 F) (btu/lb-mol)
0.500 in wet air
h (80 F) (btu/lb) in
0.028 wet air
Wet air:
0.736151797813036 btu/hr
Feed Air:
Mositure
O2
N2

mol %
0.709
7.034
26.461
34.204

mass
2.074
20.564
77.362
100.000

mass %
37.332
658.063
2,166.123
2,861.518

1.305
22.997
75.698
100.000

high pressure
5,946,069,600.000 turbine enthalpy
90.041 %
low pressure
5,721,314,300.000 turbine enthalpy
86.638 %

0.958
6,203,636,363.636

3412000 (Btu/h)/MW

Input
coal
Air 80F
H20
N2
O2
80F=
Output
CO2

lbmole/h

Btu/h
kJ/h
6,203,636,363.64
6,545,182.85

0.71
26.46
7.03
26.67 C=
mass flow rate (lb
mole/h)
5.22

H2O

2.23

NO

0.03

SO2
O2
Moisture in coal
Moisture in air
Ash
N2

0.02
1.07
1.00 Total water
0.71
Tad
26.49 Tref
del H- delHcL

299.67 K

H2O
N2
O2
CO2
NO
SO2

T unit
C
C
C
C
C
C

Hrxn=

SUM mole floe rate of


species i times Int
(a+bT+cT^2+dT^3)dT

3.94 lb mole/h
31874.4552406586
1766.37 C
25 C
-2.40E-07

2039.37 K

b/2
3.35E-02
2.90E-02
2.91E+01
3.61E-02
2.95E-02
3.89E-02

c/3
3.44E-06
1.10E-06
5.79E-06
2.12E-05
4.09E-06
1.95E-05

d/4
2.53E-09
1.91E-09
-2.02E-09
-9.62E-09
-9.76E-10
-1.03E-08

[1]
-8.98E-13
-7.18E-13
3.28E-13
1.87E-12
9.10E-14
2.15E-12

Answers
Coal feed rate (tons/h)
Air feed rate (tons/h)
Air flow rate in ACFH through the FD fan (units)
Flue gas composition (wet basis)
CO2
H2O
N2
O2
SO2
NO2
Total
Flue gas molecular weight (wet)
Flue gas composition (dry basis)
CO2
N2

O2
SO2
NO2
Total
Flue gas molecular weight (dry)
Flue gas produced per lb fuel
Ash flow rate from ESP (tons/h)
Ammonia requirement (tons/h)

% of the heat input captured by the high pressure turbine


% of the heat input captured by the intermediate pressure turbine steam
Heat loss through stack
Adiabatic temperature that can be achieved

Coal and air feed


rates in tons/h
281.217 ton coal/h
2,753.402 ton air/h

Calculate the air


flow rate in ACFH
through the FD fan,
83,188,055.93 ACFH

Flue gas
composition on wet
and dry basis,
mole fraction (wet) mole fraction (dry)
CO2
0.15075
0.16452
H2O
0.08369
NO
4.95E-05
5.41E-05
SO2
6.32E-05
6.90E-05
O2
3.02E-05
3.30E-05
N2
0.76541
0.83532

Flue gas flow


rate in SCFH through
the ID fan,
367,499.61 SCFH

Flue gas
produced per lb of
fuel, Flue gas
molecular weight, Flue
gas molecular weight
(dry)
10.2367579281556 lb flue gas/lb fuel
29.5821470888896 Molecular weight
Molecular weight
30.6382258504926 (dry)

Ash flow rate


from the ESP in
tons/h.
0.00000285 ton/h

Ammonia
requirement in tons/h
NH3 required
0.000068571428571 (ton/h)

What percent of
the heat input is
captured by the high
pressure turbine and
intermediate pressure
turbine steam?

Assuming ideal
conditions

Heat loss
through the stack.

The adiabatic
temperature that can
be achieved by this
coal in the combustion
chamber.

2039.37 K

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