EST

Which organization has authority over interstate and international commerce in the
communications field?
a. ITU-T b. IEEE c. FCC d. ISOC
They are special-interest groups that quickly test, evaluate, and standardize new technologies.
a. Forums
b. Regulatory agencies
c. Standards organizations
d. All of the above
Which agency developed standards for physical connection interfaces and electronic signaling
specifications?
a. EIA b. ITU-T c. ANSI d. ISO
It is a collection of many separate networks.
a. A WAN
b. An internet
c. A LAN
d. None of the above
A set of rules that govern data communications.
a. timing
b. syntax
c. semantics
d. protocol
It is an idea or concept that is a precursor to an Internet standard.
a. RCF
b. RFC
c. ID
d. none of the above
A mechanism used by hosts and gateways to send notification of datagram problems back to the
sender.
a. ICMP b. IGMP c. UDP d. TCP/IP
It provides support for newer applications such as voice over the Internet.
a. ICMP b. IGMP c. SCTP d. TCP
A measure of how fast we can actually send data through a network.
a. latency
b. throughput
c. propagation time
d. transmission time
EST
A problem if different packets of data encounter different delays and the application using the data
at the receiver site is time-sensitive.
a. queue
b. jitter
c. jammer
d. bummer
A digital interface standard for optical transmission.
a. ETSI b. ITU c. SDH d. SONET
The adding of control information on either side of the data text of a block.
a. encapsulation
b. segmentation
c. reassembly
d. disassembly
If 5 devices are going to be connected in a mesh topology, determine the number of duplex-mode
links.
a. 4 b. 5 c. 10 d. 13
Solution:
(n (n-1))/2 = (5 (5-1))/2 = 10
A network topology wherein terminators are used.
a. star b. mesh c. ring d. bus
A network topology wherein the whole network will goes down when a computers network cable is
broken.
a. star b. mesh c. ring d. bus
If 5 devices are going to be connected in a mesh topology, determine the number of I/O ports that
must be connected to every device.
a. 4 b. 5 c. 10 d. 13
Solution:
n-1 = 5-1 = 4
What makes optical fibers immune to EMI?
a. They transmit signals in as light rather than electric current.
b. They are too small for magnetic fields to introduce current in them.
c. Magnetic fields cannot penetrate the glass of the fiber.
d. They are readily shielded by outer conductors in cable.
For long distance communication we often make use of fibre-optic cable. Which of the following
statements is correct?
EST
a. Fibres made from optical polymer can be used over distances of several hundred kilometers.
b. Fibres made from glass can be used over distances of several hundred kilometers.
c. Fibres made from glass are only suitable for short range communication
d. Fibres made from optical polymer can be used over short distances
What is the central device in star topology?
a. STP server
b. Hub/switch
c. PDC
d. Router
What OSI layer does a network cable lies?
a. data link
b. transport
c. physical
d. network
It is a joint effort of several standardization, organizations around the world targeting to produce
specifications for a global 3G cellular system.
a. 3GS
b. 3GPP
c. 3G
d. 3.5G
Which technical specification group does not belong to 3GPP working organizations?
a. TSG SA Service and System Aspects
b.TSG CN Core Network
c. TSG EFA Error Function Aspects
d. TSG T Terminals
Will enhance the throughput per timeslot for both HSCSD and GPRS.
a. EDGE
b. EGPRS
c. HSDSC
d. ECSD
Are intended to carry signaling or synchronization data
a. Multiplexed channel
b. Traffic channels
c. Allocation channel
d. Control channel
Guard interval of OFDM.
a. 80us
EST
b. 800 ns
c. 800 KHz
d. 80 KHz
The main benefit of the HSCSD feature compared to other data enhancements introduced is that it
is
a. the maximum data rate is limited to 64 kbps
b. up to eight times the bit rate on the single-slot full-rate traffic channel
c. the maximum data rate in these early networks
d. an inexpensive way to implement higher data rates
Is permanently allocated for one subscriber.
a. static address
b. id address
c. home address
d. location address
Is a main component of the GPRS network, which handles the mobility management and
authentication and has register function.
a. SGSN
b. LLC
c. BSC
d. SNDCP
Layer that provides services for information transfer over a physical channel between the MS and
the network.
a. physical link
b. data link
c. linkage link
d. physical channel
Are intended to carry either encoded speech or user data.
a. Multiplexed channel
b. Traffic channels
c. Allocation channel
d. Control channel
Which category does not belong to control channel?
a. broadcast
b. common control channel
c. dedicated control channel
d. targeted control channel
EST
Is used mainly for the transmission of the radio measurement data needed for radio resource
management algorithms.
a. Slow associated control channel (SACCH)
b. Fast associated control channel (FACCH)
c. packet associated control channel (PACCH)
d. Packet timing advance control channel uplink (PTCCH/U)
It is also possible that new calls are blocked even though there are time slots available to support
it. This is called
a. Soft blocking
b. hard blocking
c. medium blocking
d. simple blocking
Are the most delay-sensitive applications, hence retransmissions are not normally performed.
a. private services
b. timing services
c. Conversational services
d. Public services
Which represents the amount of data traffic that generates same interference levels than the
original voice Erlangs?
a. Complex Erlangs
b. Simple Erlangs
c. Equivalent Data Erlangs
d. Total Data Erlangs
Is a protocol originally designed and optimized for fixed-PS networks and may not be optimal for
mobile networks without a certain degree of optimization.
a. IPv4
b. IPv6
c. TCP
d. IP Address
Effect which refers to the payload (throughput) offered by the radio access network to the transport
and application layers.
a. Data Link Throughput
b. Payload effect
c. Physical link effect
d. Positive Throughput
Is measured from the PTT press to the indication of the speak permission, it is the time the user
has to wait before starting to speak.
EST
a. Start to Speak (StS) Time
b. Turn Around Time (TAT)
c. Push to talk time (PTT)
d. Push To Start (PTS)
A scheme in which the transmitter alternately uses the two antennas to transmit bursts or to
decorrelate the fading profile of each alternate burst.
a. Frequency hopping
b. Frame hopping
c. Antenna hopping
d. Time Hopping
OFDM symbol duration.
a. 4 us
b. 40 us
c. 400 us
d. 0.4 us
Refers to a spatial diversity where transmission or reception is performed simultaneously at two or
more base station sites and used to combat fast fading.
a. Macrodiversity
b. Microdiversity
c. Spacediversity
d. Spatial diversity
Is the work-effort that is required to provide a given spectral efficiency at a given grade of service.
a. Spectral efficiency
b. Operational efficiency
c. Strategical efficiency
d. Light Efficiency
The ITU-R vision for 4G also calls for integration of technologies, commonly
known as
a. B3G systems
b. homogeneous systems
c. FWA systems
d. 3G.9 systems
Is a special case of multicarrier transmission, where a single data stream is transmitted over a
number of lower-rate subcarriers (SCs).
a. CSMA
b. WCDMA
c. DFT
d. OFDM
EST
The variable-rate data modem in KATHRYN was built for the high-frequency band. It used up to 34
parallel low-rate phase-modulated channels with a spacing of 82 Hz.
a. 88 KHz
b. 82 Hz
c. 86 MHz
d. 84 KHz
Is responsible for channel allocation procedures, protocol data unit (PDU) addressing, frame
formatting, error checking, and fragmentation and reassembly.
a. Data Link Layer
b. Presentation layer
c. MAC sublayer
d. TCP/IP
Provides MAC enhancements to support LAN applications with QoS requirements
a. IEEE 802.16
b. IEEE 802.11e
c. IEEE 802.16.2
d. IEEE 802.12a/b
Suffers a known plaintext attack; recovering the pseudorandom string by XORing the plaintext and
ciphertext of challenge, which can be eavesdropped from the air
a. Deciphering
b. Key management:
c. Mutual authentication:
d. Shared-key authentication
Makes extensive use of protocols above the IEEE 802.11 MAC layer to provide authentication and
key management.
a. Wireless Robust Authenticated Protocol (WRAP)
b. Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)
c. Authentication server (AS)
d. robust security network (RSN)
Signaling limits of a subscriber loop are based on
a. transmission line distance
b. atmospheric condition
c. dc resistance
d. bandwidth
Introduced the term PAN to denote a communication between proximal electronic devices by using
the body as a conduit for information
a. Zimmerman
EST
b. Shockley
c. Shannon
d. Torricelli
Is a point-to-point, narrow-angle (30 cone), ad hoc data transmission standard designed to
operate over a distance of 0 to 1m and at speeds of 9,600 bps to 16 Mbps
a. extended LAN
b. IrDA
c. LAN
d. WPAN
Routing through a tandem switch is an important economic expedient for a telephone company or
administration. We could call a tandem switch a
a. trunk
b. toll
c. traffic concentrator
d. exchange
The unit for measuring how well we can hear a distant party on the telephone is
a. Erlang C
b. volume
c. Erlang B
d. loudness rating
Is a location within a LATA that has been designated by an access customer for the connection of
its facilities with those of a LEC.
a. point of presence (POP)
b. point of termination (POT)
c. cross connect
d. retrieval bus
The reference equivalent value, called the ___ was indicative of how loud a telephone signal is
a. bit error rate (BER)
b. grade of service (GoS)
c. phon
d. overall reference equivalent (ORE)
TASO stands for
a. Television Allocations Standards Office
b. Television Allocations Standards Organization
c. Television Allocations Study Organization
d. Television Assignment Study Office
Phase distortion is often measured by a parameter called
EST
a. envelope delay distortion
b. phase angle difference
c. indirect dispersion
d. buffer angle delay
Is one method of improving the traffic-handling capabilities of switching configurations with
limited availability
a. Multiplexing
b. Grading
c. Routing
d. Improving
The method by which a waiting call is selected to be served from the pool of waiting calls is called
a. standby choice
b. call waiting
c. queue discipline
d. resuming
The SONET STS-1 SPE with a channel capacity of ___ has been designed specifically to transport a
DS3 tributary signal
a. 50.11 Mbps
b. 60.11 Mbps
c. 70.11 Mbps
d. 80.11 Mbps
The payload pointer is contained in the ___ octets in the line overhead (LOH)
and designates the location of the octet where the STS SPE begins
a. P1 and P2
b. X1 and X2
c. Q1 and Q2
d. H1 and H2
The __ (like the SONET pointer) allows flexible and dynamic alignment of the VC-n within the AU-n
frame
a. Container-n
b. AU-n pointer
c. Tributary Unit-n
d. VC-n pointer
This is the amount of time required to fill a cell at a rate of 64 kbpsthat is, the rate required to fill
the cell with digitized (PCM) voice samples
a. byte delay
b. segmentization delay
c. packetization delay
EST
d. overhead delay
Is used to provide transport for synchronous bit streams. Its primary application is to adapt ATM
cell transmission to typically E1/DS1 and SDH/SONET circuits
a. AAL-1
b. overhead bits
c. SAR-PDU
d. nXDS0
Potentially prevents overflow traffic from a selected trunk group from advancing to any alternate
route
a. Code-block control
b. Cancel To
c. Skip route control
d. Cancel From
The telephone receiver, as a converter of electrical energy to acoustic energy, has a comparatively
low efficiency, on the order of
a. 2% to 3%
b. 10% to 15%
c. 20 to 35%
d. 40 to 50%
Attenuation at 1000 Hz (dB/km) of H88 type of loading
a. 0.69
b. 0.88
c. 1.88
d. 1.16
Is a change of state in the bit stream, a change from a binary 1 to a binary 0, and vice versa
a. inversion
b. alternation
c. translation
d. transition
An audio amplifier operates in the frequency range of
a. 0 to 20 Hz
b. 20 Hz to 2 kHz
c. 20 to 20 kHz
d. Above 20 kHz
The theoretical long-term mean rate of occurrence of controlled frame or octet (time
slot) slips under ideal conditions in any 64-kbps channel is consequently not greater than __ in 70
days per international digital link.
EST
a. 1
b. 7
c. 10
d. 2
In Digital Network Performance Requirements, a blocking probability of ___ is the quality of service
(QoS) objective. With judicious use of alternative routing, a blocking probability of 0.005 might be
expected.
a. B = 1
b. B = 0.01
c. B = 0
d. B = infinity
Address signaling between switches is called
a. interaddress signaling
b. interregister signaling
c. intertrunk signaling
d. intercircuit signaling
For North American Push-Button Codes, the digit 2 has ___ multifrequency Push-Button Tone
a. 852,1477 Hz
b. 852,1209 Hz
c. 524,1776 Hz
d. 697,1336 Hz
The CCITT recommends that if the mean round-trip propagation time exceeds ___ for a particular
circuit, an echo suppressor or echo canceler should be used
a. 75 ms
b. 50 ms
c. 25 us
d. 70 us
Refers to traffic from VSAT(s) to hub
a. inbound
b. forward
c. backward
d. rout
A light source, perhaps more properly called a ____ , has the fundamental function in a fiber-optic
communication system to efficiently convert electrical energy (current) into optical energy (light) in
a manner that permits the light output to be effectively launched into the optical fiber
a. electroluminescence
b. photon source
c. spectral line source
EST
d. photovoltaic light source
Typically show a standard organization of bits and octets and describe the function of each to
achieve a certain objective
a. Packets
b. Segments
c. Protocols
d. Formats
Is a multiport device that allows centralization
a. hub
b. router
c. bridge
d. modem
For class B operation, the collector current flows for
a. The whole cycle
b. Half the cycle
c. Less than half a cycle
d. Less than a quarter of a cycle
Transformer coupling is an example of
a. Direct coupling
b. AC coupling
c. DC coupling
d. Impedance coupling
A tuned RF amplifier is
a. Narrowband
b. Wideband
c. Direct-coupled
d. A dc amplifier
He is The Prophet of the Integrated Circuit.
a. Jack Kilby
b. Robert Noyce
c. Geoffrey Dummer
d. None of the above
_____________________ is a harmful group of bacteria which can live inside cooling towers as well as
in hot water systems, warm freshwater ponds, and creeks
a. pneumophila
b. mesophilic
c. Legionella
EST
d. All of the above
He developed the oldest type of fuel cells which is the Alkaline Fuel Cells
a. Francis Bacon
b. Apollo
c. Cygnus atratus Group
d. None of the above
There are few major tidal energy generating power plants in operation. The main one is the
__________________ in Northern France built in 1966 and has a capacity of 240 MW.
a. Ce Rance River
b. Ge Rance River
c. Je Rance River
d. Le Rance River
What is an impulse commutated inverter which relies on LC circuit and on auxilary thyristor for
commutation in the load circuit?
a. Auxiliary commutated inverter
b. Line commutated inverter
c.Load commutated inverter
d. None of the above
What is the project that the Computer Society of the IEEE started in 1985 in order to set standards
to enable intercommunication among equipment from a variety of manufacturers?
a. Project 802
b. Project 800
c. Project 803
d. Project 805
What is the mechanism used by hosts and gateways to send notification of datagram problems
back to the sender?
a. Internet Control Message Protocol
b. Internet Group Message Protocol
c. Reverse Address Resolution Protocol
d. Internet Group Message Protocol Assume
What layer in the OSI model that is responsible for process-to-process delivery of the entire
message?
a. Session Layer
b. Transport Layer
c. Data Link Layer
d. Presentation Layer
What pertains to a person who tries to pick up someone elses wireless LAN signals?
EST
a. war driver
b. war detector
c. wire tapper
d. tapper
We need to download text documents at the rate of 100 pages per minute. What is the required bit
rate of the channel?
1.345Mbps
b. 1.453 Mbps
c. 1. 213 Mbps
d. 1.636 Mbps
Solution:
A page is an average of 24 lines with 80 characters in each line. If we assume that one character
requires 8 bits, the bit rate is
100 x 24 x 80 x 8 = 1,636,000 bps = 1.636 Mbps
Who designed a switch that comes before the banyan switch and sorts the incoming packets
according to their final destinations.
a. K.E. Bucher
b. K.E. Buncher
c. K.E. Batcher
d. K.E. Brunch
How can we represent the number 21 in ones complement arithmetic using only four bits?
a. 5
b. 6
c. 7
d. 8
Solution:
The number 21 in binary is 10101 (it needs five bits). We can wrap the leftmost bit and add it to the
four rightmost bits. We have (0101 + 1) = 0110 or 6
What is an electronic document, similar to a passport that establishes your credentials when you
are performing transactions on the World Wide Web?
a. Certificate
b. Certificate Authority
c. Certificate Revocation
d. Centrex
What layer enables the user, whether human or software, to access the network and provides user
interfaces and support for services such as electronic mail, remote file access and transfer, shared
database management, and other types of distributed information services?
a. Transport Layer
b. Application Layer
EST
c. Network Layer
d. Presentation Layer
What OSI layer is responsible for the delivery of individual packets from the source host to the
destination host?
a. Session Layer
b. Transport Layer
c. Data Link Layer
d. Network Layer

What ISO layer is responsible for dialog control and synchronization?
a. Session Layer
b. Transport Layer
c. Data Link Layer
d. Network Layer
In a digital transmission, the receiver clock is 0.1 percent faster than the sender clock. How many
extra bits per second does the receiver receive if the data rate is 1 kbps?
a. 1 bps
b. 2 bps
c. 3 bps
d. 4 bps
Solution:
At 1 kbps, the receiver receives 1001 bps instead of 1000 bps.
1000 bits sent / 1001 bits received / 1 extra bps
What results when the analog waveform rises or drops too quickly and the codec may not be able
to keep up with the change?
a. Quantizing Noise
b. Slope Overload Noise
c. Delta Noise
d. White Noise
What is the modern standard for interconnecting many types of peripheral devices to computers
which is also a digital interface that uses a standardized connector (plug) for all serial and parallel
type devices?
a. Unified Serial Bus (USB)
b. Universal Serial Bus (USB)
c. User Serial Bus (USB)
d. Unified Series Bus
What is a 56,000-bps dial-up modem standard approved by a standards-making organization
rather than a single company; it is slightly incompatible with both x2 and k56flex?
a. V.90
EST
b. V.92
c. V.54
d. V.57
The baseband bandwidth for a voice-grade (telephone) signal is:
a. approximately 3 kHz
b. 20 Hz to 15,000 Hz
c. at least 5 kHz
d. none of the above
What is the combination of IP address and TCP port number which is used to recognize an
application on a server?
a. socket
b. sniffer
c. listserv
d. Kerberos
What standard is an improvement of the V.90 standard that provides a higher upstream data
transfer rate and also provides a call waiting service, in which a users data connection is put on
hold when someone calls the users telephone number?
a. V.92 standard
b. V.93 standard
c. V.94 standard
d. V.95 standard
What is an action that occurs when a transmitting or receiving workstation has not received data or
a response in a specified period of time?
a. timeout
b. spoofing
c. tunneling
d. delay
What is a large, complex program that can manage the common resources on most local area
networks, in addition to performing the standard operating system services?
a. Network Operating System
b. Novell Netware
c. Network Monitoring Program
d. Network Management Program
"Pink" noise has:
a. equal power per Hertz
b. equal power per octave
c. constant power
d. none of the above
EST
Thermal noise is generated in:
a. transistors and diodes
b. resistors
c. copper wire
d. all of the above
What bridge is capable of passing a data frame from one local area network to another when the
two local area networks are separated by long distance and there is a wide area network
connecting them?
a. Remote bridge
b. Transparent bridge
c. Tele bridge
d. External Bridge
The bit rate for each channel in DS-1 is:
a. 1.544 Mb/s
b. 64 kb/s
c. 56 kb/s
d. 8 kb/s
Manchester coding:
a. is a biphase code
b. has a level transition in the middle of every bit period
c. provides strong timing information
d. all of the above
Compared to standard PCM systems, the quality of the output of a vocoder is:
a. much better
b. somewhat better
c. about the same
d. not as good
The reference noise level for telephony is:
a. 1 mW
b. 0 dBm
c. 1 pW
d. 0 dBr
The cable used for local loops is mainly:
a. twisted-pair copper wire
b. shielded twisted-pair copper wire
c. coaxial cable
d. fiber-optic
EST
The specs of the old Bell type 103 modem were:
a. 300 bps, full-duplex, FSK
b. 600 bps, full-duplex, FSK
c. 1200 bps, full-duplex, FSK
d. 1200 bps, half-duplex, FSK
MNP2, MNP3, MNP4, and MNP10 are all:
a. data-compression schemes
b. error-correction protocols
c. both a and b
d. none of the above
The official name for RS-232C is:
a. RS-232C
b. EIA-232D
c. ISO-232C/D
d. ANSI-232C
Hardware flow control uses:
a. XON and XOFF
b. TD and RD
c. RTS and CTS
d. DSR and DCD
A packet switch type devices that operate at the OSI network layer?
a. Router
b. Switch
c. Hub
d. Intelligent Hub
The minimum number of geostationary satellites required for a global coverage is _____.
a. 4
b. 3
c. 1
d. 10
What is the modulating index of an FM carrier having a carrier swing of 100kHz and a modulating
signal of 5kHz?
a. 10
b. 20
c. 30
d. 40
Solution:
EST
CS = 2 Fdev = 100KHz
Fdev = 50KHz
mf = Fdev/fm
mf = 50KHz/5KHz
mf =10
A BER tester sends bits at 2000 baud for 10 s. There are total of 50 errors. What is the BER?
a. 1 in 1000 bits
b. 1 in 2000 bits
c. 1 in 400 bits
d. 1 in 500 bits
Solution:
BER= 50/(2000*10)
BER = 5/2000
BER = 1/400
What is IEEE 802.6 protocol?
a. MAN
b. WAN
c. LAN
d. FDDI
The first stage of a preamp is
a. A tuned RF stage
b. Large signal
c. Small signal
d. A dc amplifier
Designated at IEEE 802.3?
a. LAN
b. WAN
c. MAN
d. PAN
A traffic of 720 Erlang is also equal to _____ CSS.
a. 25920
b. 20
c. 15
d. 21210
Solution:
Traffic = 720 erlang * 36ccs/erlang
Traffic = 25920
It is an elliptical zone between two microwave antennas, where the total path distance nowhere
EST
varies by more than half of the operating wavelength.
a. Skip Zone
b. Optimum Zone
c. Dellinger Zone
d. Fresnel Zone
A sublayer that defines how different stations can access transmission medium?
a. LLC
b. MAC
c. GAN
d. HLDC
Network that will fell between LAN and MAN?
a. CAN
b. PAN
c. WAN
d. GAN
DSB Signals occupy ______ the bandwidth of SSB signals
a. Twice
b. Double
c. Triple
d. Half
HSDPA is _______
a. A specific implementation of GPRS
b. A specific implementation of EDGE
c. A Up-link high speed W-CDMA connection
d. A specific implementation of W-CDMA
It consists of 36 unique codes representing the 10 digits and 26 uppercase letters
a. Discrete code
b. code 39
c. continuous code
d. 20 code
The first fixed- length character code developed for machines rather than for people
a. ASCII Code
b. Gray Code
c. EBCDIC code
d. Baudot Code
The early pioneer in the development of error-detection and correction procedures
a.Richard W. Hamming
EST
b. William R. Hamming
c. Emile Baudot
d. Samuel Baudot
The most reliable convolutional coding scheme for error detection
a. checksum
b. LRC
c. CRC
d. VRC
Inaccuracies caused by the representation of a continuously varying quantity as one of a number
of discrete values.
a. alias signal
b. slope overload
c. distortion
d. quantizing errors
Circuit for digitizing voice at a low data rate by using knowledge of the way in which voice sounds
are produced
a. vocoder
b. codec
c. sample-and-hold circuit
d. ADC
A coding scheme that records the change in signal level since the precious sample
a. unipolar code
b. PPM
c. PCM
d. delta modulation
Distortion created by using too low a sampling rate when coding an analog signal for digital
transmission
a. aliasing
b. foldover distortion
c. either a or b
d. neither a nor b
For the given parameters, determine the energy per bit-to noise power density ratio
C = 10e-12 W fb = 60 kbps
N = 1.2 x 10e-14`W B = 120 kHz
a. 16.2 dB
b. 14.2 dB
c. 20.2 dB
d. 22.2 dB
EST
Solution:
E
b
N
0
=10 log ;
E
b
N
0
=10 log
E
b
N
0
=22.2dB
A signal at the input to a mu-law compressor is positive with its voltage one-half the maximum
value. What proportion of the maximum output voltage is produced?
a. 0.786Vmax
b. 0.876Vmax
c. 0.867Vmax
d. 0.678Vmax
Solution:
v=Vmax
ln(1+
uVin
Vmax
)
ln(1+u)
v=Vmax
ln(1+
(0.5Vmax)
Vmax
)
ln(1+255)
v=0.876Vmax
A network with bandwidth of 10 Mbps can pass only an average of 12000 frames per minute with
each frame carrying an average of 10000 bits. What is the throughput of this network?
a. 1 Mbps
b. 2 Mbps
c. 3 Mbps
d. 4 Mbps
Solution:
Throughput=
12 000 x 10 000
60

Throughput=2Mbps
A telephone subscriber line must have an SNRdB above 40. What is the minimum number of bits?
a. 3.56
b. 5.63
c. 6.35
d. 3.65
Solution:
SNRdB = 6.02nb + 1.76 = 40
n = 6.35
EST
The thick coaxial cable implementation of standard Ethernet
a. 1000 Base-T
b. 10 Base-T
c. 10 Base 2
d. 10 Base 5
A bit pattern or a character added to the beginning and the end of a frame to separate the frames
a. Flag
b. Firewall
c. Frameguard
d. Footprint
An IPv4 has an address space of how many?
a. 4294967296
b. 6927694924
c. 2449692769
d. 9672969442
Solution:
2
32
= 4294967296
What is the bit rate of STS 1?
a. 51.84 Mbps
b. 64 kbps
c. 100 Mbps
d. 2.4 GHz
A block coding technique in which four bits are encoded into a five bit code
a. Baudot
b. 2B1Q Encoding
c. 4B/5B Encoding
d. 4A/5A Encoding
A national standards organization that defines standards in the United States
a. ANSI
b. FCC
c. ITU
d. CCITT
In asynchronous transmission, one or more bits to indicate the end of transmission
a. trailer
b. flag
c. escape byte
d. stop bit
EST
What is the overhead (number of extra bits) in the DS-3 service?
a. 1.368 Mbps
b. 1.480 Mbps
c. 2.048 Mbps
d. 6.024 Mbps
The minimum sampling rate according to Nyquist Theorem.
a. equal to the lowest frequency of a signal
b. equal to the highest frequency of a signal
c. twice the bandwidth of a signal
d. twice the highest frequency of a signal
It is used in wireless applications in which stations must be able to share the medium without
interception by an eavesdropper and without being subject to jamming from a malicious intruder.
a. modulation
b. Multiple access
c. multiple access
d. Spread spectrum
An error detection method which uses ones complement arithmetic
a. Checksum
b. CRC
c. Simple-parity check
d. Two-dimensional parity check
It is a connecting device between two internetworks that use different models
a. Bridge
b. Gateway
c. Repeater
d. router
It is an undesired shift or width change in digital bits of data due to circuitry action which causes
bits to arrive at different times
a. alias
b. impulse
c. jitter
d. parity
In PCM system, it is the ratio of the maximum input voltage level to the smallest voltage level that
can be quantized
a. Dynamic range
b. Figure of merit
c. Quality factor
EST
d. Noise figureA multiplexer combines four
100-kbps channels using a time slot of 2 bits, determine the frame duration.
a. 20s
b. 50s
c. 100s
d. 400s
The link carries 50,000 frames /sec
The frame duration = 1/50,000 = 20s
Determine the Hamming distance for the codewords ( 10101, 11001)
a. one
b. two
c. three
d. five
Solution:
10101 XOR 11001 = 01100(presence of two 1)
An address space is the total number of addresses used by the protocol, such as IPv4 and IPv6.
What is the address space of IPv6?
a. 2
32
b. 2
64
c. 2
96
d. 2
128
It is a standard designed by ITU to allow telephones in the public telephone network to talk to
computers/terminals connected to the internet
a. H.111
b.H.123
c. H.321
d. H.323
A computer monitor has a resolution of 1200 by 1000 pixels. If each pixel uses 1024 colors, how
many bits are needed to send the complete contents of a screen?
a. 12 Gigabits
b. 1. 2 Gigabits
c. 120 Megabits
d. 12 Megabits
Solution:
1,200 times 1000 pixels x 10 bits = 12 Mb
1024 colors requires 10 bits, 210 = 1024
A mammography service examined 327 patients during the third calendar quarter of 1996. 719
films were exposed during this period, eight of which were repeats. What is the repeat rate?
EST
a. 45.5%
b. code 2.45%
c. 1.1%
d. 54.52%
Solution:
repeat rate=
no.repeated films
total no.of films
x100%
repeat rate=
8
719
x 100%
repeat rate= 1.1%
A type of luminescence where the visible light is emitted only during the stimulation of the
phosphor.
a. fluorescence
b. phosphorescence
c. after glow
d. any of the above
If a heart measures 12.5 cm from side to side at its widest point, and its image on chest radiograph
measures 14.7 cm, what is the magnification factor?
a. 0.85
b. 1.18
c. 0.15
d. 2.2
Solution:
MF=
image size
object size
MF=
14.7 cm
12.5 cm
MF= 1.18
Radiation doses in the range of approximately200 to 1000 rad produce the
a. Gastrointestinal (GI) syndrome
b. Central Nervous System (CNS) syndrome
c. Hematologic syndrome
d. Prodomal syndrome
Ratio of incident to transmitted radiation through a grid ratio of patient dose with and without grid
a. Bucky factor
b. Damadian factor
c. Grid ratio
d. Roentgen equivalent
A radiographic single-phase unit installed in a private office has a maximum capacity of 100
EST
milliseconds of 120kVp and 500mA. What is the power rating?
a. 42 kW
b. 60 kW
c. 600W
d. 24kW
Solution:
Power rating= x
mA x kVp
1000
Power rating= x
(120)
1000
Power rating=42 kW
Who completes the development of first computed tomographic (CT) scanner (EMI, Ltd.) in 1973?
a. Mistretta
b. Forssmann
c. Kuhl
d. Hounsfield
It is the study of the response of an image receptor to x-rays
a. sensitometry
b. xeroradiography
c. xeroradiometry
d. spectrometry
Ratio of radiographic contrast with a grid to that without a grid
a. grid ratio
b. contrast improvement factor
c. Collidge factor
d. Bucky factor
Analysis of persons irradiated therapeutically with superficial x-rays has shown that the skin
erythema dose required to affect 50% of persons so irradiated is about
a. 200 rad
b. 400 rad
c. 600 rad
d. 800 rad
ECG recording requires a bandwidth of 0.05 to ____ Hz
a. 1000
b. 540
c. 100
d. 40
Find the potential generated if blood flowing in a vessel with radius 0.9 cm cuts a magnetic field of
250 G. Assume a volume flow rate of 175 cubic cm per second.
EST
a. 206 uV
b. 309 uV
c. 903 uV
d. 260 uV
Solution:
E=
QB
50a
E=
(250 G)
50(0.9cm)
E= 309 uV
Period during which heart contracts.
a. Diastole
b. Systole
c. block mode
d. Synapse
Apparatus for measuring blood pressure
a. defibrillator
b. electrocardiogram
c. plethysmograph
d. sphygmomanometer.
Given the energy level of 6.624x10^-18 J imparted to an electron stream by an X-ray device,
calculate the frequency in MHz.
a. 10
6
MHz
b. 45.29 MHz
c. 10
10
MHz
d. 300 MHz
Solution:
f=
E
h
f=
6.624x10
-18
J
6.624x10
-34
J-s
f= 10
10
MHz
It was first noted by Heinrich Hertz in 1887 and won Albert Einstein the Nobel Prize in 1905. It refers
to the emission of electrons from a clean metallic surface (phototube) when electromagnetic
radiation (light waves or X-rays) falls onto that surface.
a. Photoelectric effect
b. Compton effect
c. Bremsstrahlung
d. Mie effect
EST
Unit of radiation exposure or amount of X-ray radiation that will produce 2.08x10^9 ion pairs per
cubic centimetre of air at standard temperature and pressure (STP).
a. Curie
b. Roentgen
c. Radiation absorbed dose (rad)
d. Gray
An optical electronic device that measures the color concentration of a substance in solution.
a. colorimeter
b. flame photometer
c. spectrophotometer
d. chromatograph
Recording of heart sounds
a. ultracardiography
b. cardioacoustics
c. electrocardiogram
d. phonocardiography
Recorder for measuring galvanic skin resistance
a. electrodermograph
b. electromyograph
c. electrocorporealograph
d. electrogalvanograph