REPRODUCTION IN ORGANISM

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
1 MARK QUESTIONS
01. Name the type of cell division that takes place in the zygote of an
organism exhibiting haplontic life cycle.
02. How does Penicillim reprodce asexally!
0". #$springs derived by asexal reprodction are called clones. %stify
giving two reasons.
0&. 'ention a characteristic featre and a fnction of zoospores in some
algae.
0(. Name an organism where cell division is itself a mode of reprodction.
0). *hat is the ma+or di$erence yo observe in the o$springs prodced by
asexal reprodction and in the progeny prodced by sexal
reprodction!
0,. -crbits and papaya palnts bear staminate and pistillate .owers.
'ention the categories they are pt nder separately on the basis of
the type of .owers they bear.
0/. 0 list of three .owering plants is given below. *hich ones ot of them
are 1a2 'onoecios 1b2 3earing
pistilalte .owers
4ist56atepalm7 ccrbits and pea
2 MARK QUESTIONS
08. 0 moss plant prodces a large nmber of antherozoids bt relatively
only a few egg cells. *hy!
10. *hy are papaya and date palm plants said to be dioecios7 whereas
ccrbits and cocnt palms monoecios7 inspite of all of them bearing
nisexal .owers.
11. Name the type of cell division that takes place in the zygote of an
organism exhibiting haplontic life cycle.
12. 6e9ne +venile phase
1". 6e9ne clone.
1&. 6i$erentiate between monoecios and dioecios plants. :ive one
example of each.
1(. 6raw the sketches of a zoospore and conidim.
1). 'eiocyte of an onion plant contains "2 chromosomes. *ork ot the
nmber of chromosomes fond in its endosperm.
1,. *hat do yo nderstand by internal fertilization! :ive example.
CBSE XII QUESTION BANK- BIOLOGY Page 1
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION IN FLOWERING PLANTS
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
1 MARK QUESTIONS;
01. 0 bilobed7 dithecos anther has 100 microspore mother cells per
microsporangim. How many male gametophytes this anther can
prodce!
02. 0n anther with malfnctioning tapetm often fails to prodce viable
male gametophytes. :ive one reason.
0". *hy do the pollen grains of <allisneria have a mcilaginos covering!
0&. 'ention the pollinating agent of an in.orescence of small dll colored
.owers with well exposed stamens and large feathery stigma. :ive any
one characteristic of pollen grains prodced by sch .owers.
0(. Name the type of .ower which favors cross5pollination.
0). =he following statements > 7 >> and >>> seen to describe the water5
pollinated sbmerged plants. *hich one of these statements is
incorrect!
1>2 =he .owers do not prodce nectar
1>>2 =he pollen grains have mcilaginos covering
1>>>2 =he
brightly colored female .owers have long stalk to reach the srface.
0,. Name the type of pollination as a reslt of which genetically di$erent
types of pollen grains of the same species land on the stigma.
0/. 3anana is a tre frit bt is also a parthenocarpic frit. :ive reason.
08. *hy is the apple referred to as a false frit.
10. Name the mechanism responsible for the formation of seed withot
fertilization in angiosperms. :ive an example of a species of .owering
plants with sch seed formation.
11. *hy is a cocont plant referred to as monoecios!
12. Name the part of .ower that contribtes to frit formation in strawberry
and gava respectively.
2MARK QUESTIONS
1". *here is sporopollenin present in plants! ?tate its signi9cance with
reference to its chemical natre.
1&. How many haploid cells are present in matre female gametophyte of a
.owering plant! Name them.
1(. 1a2 6raw a schematic diagram of =. ? of a matre anther. 4abel only
the layers that help in dehiscence of the anther to release pollen
CBSE XII QUESTION BANK- BIOLOGY Page 2
grains. 1b2
*hy is exine of the pollen grain is not a continos layer!
1). ?tate one advantage and one disadvantage of cleistogamy.
1,. 6i$erentiate between albminos and non5albminos seeds7 giving
one example of each.
1/. *hy shold a bisexal .ower be emasclated and bagged prior to
arti9cial pollination!
18. =he .ower of brin+al is referred to as chasmogamos. How are they
di$erent from each other!
20. *hat is geitonogamy! :ive its one similarity to 1a2 0togamy and 1b2
@enogamy.
21. 6i$erentiate between albminos and non5albminos seeds7 giving
one example of each.
22. 'ention the reasons for di$erence in ploidy of zygote and primary
endosperm ncles in an angiosperm.
2". 3anana is parthenocarpic frit7 whereas oranges show polyembryony.
How are they di$erent from each other with respect to seeds.
2&. Name the cell from which the endosperm of cocont develops. :ive the
characteristic featres of endosperm of cocont.
2(. Name the blank spaces a 7 b 7 c and d from the table given below.
>tem *hat it represents in the
plant
Pesicarp
AbB
Cmbryonal axis
AaB
AaB
-otyledon in seeds of grass
family
AcB
Demains of ncells in a
seed
3MARK QUESTIONS
2). 6raw a diagram of a male gametophyte of an angiosplerm. 4abel any
for parts. *hy is sporopollenin considered the most resistant organic
material!
2,. 6i$erentiate between geitonogamy and xenogamy in plants. *hicih
one between the two will led to inbreeding depression and why!
2/. 6raw a longitdinal section of a post pollinated pistil showing entry of
pollen tbe into a matre embryo sac. 4abel 9liform apparats7 chalazal
end7 hilm7 antipodals7 male gametes and secondary ncles.
CBSE XII QUESTION BANK- BIOLOGY Page "
28. 1a2 *rite the characteristic featres of anther7 pollen and stigma of
wind5pollinated .owers.
1b2 How do .owers reward their insect pollination! Cxplain.
"0. 1a2 'ention any for strategies adopted by .owering plants to prevent
self5pollination.
1b2 *hy is geitonogamy also referred to as genetical atogamy!
"1. ?tate the signi9cance of pollination. 4ist any for di$erences between
wind5pollinated and animal5pollinated .owers.
"2. Cnmerate any six adaptive .oral characteristics of a wind5pollinated
plant.
"". 6i$erentiate between perisperm and endosperm giving one example of
each.
"&. Eertilization is essential for the prodction of seed7 bt in some
angiospersm seeds develop withot fertilization.
1a2 :ive an example of an
angiosperm that prodces seeds withot fertilization. Name the
process.
1b2 Cxplain the two ways by which seeds develop withot fertilization.
5MARK QUESTIONS
"(. How does the megaspore mother cell develop into ,5celled7 /5ncleate
embryo sac in an angiosperm! 6raw a labeled diagram of a matre
embryo sac.
"). 1a2 6raw a diagram of an enlarged view of =.? of one microsporangim
of an angiosperm and label the following parts;
1i2 =apetm 1ii2 'iddle layer 1iii2 Cndothecim
1iv2 'icrospore mother cell
1b2 'ention the characteristic featres and fnction of tapetm
1c2
Cxplain the following giving reasons;
1i2 Pollen grains are well preserved as fossils
1ii2
Pollen tablets are in se of people these days.
",. 1a2 =race the development of megaspore mother cell pto the formation
of a matre embryo sac in a .owering plant.
1b2 6raw a labeled diagram of the strctre of matre dicot embryo.
"/. Cxplain with the help of a diagram the development of a matre
embryo sac from a megaspore mother cell in angiosperm.
"8. 1a2 6raw a labeled diagram of a matre embryo sac.
1b2 *hy does a pollen grain possess two male gametes! Cxplain.
&0. 6raw a labeled diagram of an anther lobe at microspore mother cell
stage. 'ention the roles of di$erent wall layers of anther.
&1. 6raw a labeled diagram of the sectional view of a matre pollen grain
in angiosperm. Cxplain fnctions of its two di$erent parts.
CBSE XII QUESTION BANK- BIOLOGY Page &
&2. 1a2 6raw a labeled schematic representation of a matre embryo sac of
an angiosperm.
1b2 6escribe the stages in embryo development in a dicot plant.
&". 1a2 *hy is fertilization in an angiosperm referred to as doble
fertilization! 'ention the ploidy of the cells involved.
1b2 6raw a neat labeled sketch of 4.? of an
endospermos monocot seed.
&&. 1a2 *hy is the process of fertilization in angiosperms termed as dobled
fertilization! Cxplain.
1b2 6raw a diagram of an angiospermic embryo sac where fertilization
is +st completed. 4abel the following parts;
1i2 'icropylar end of embryo sac
1ii2 =he
part that develops into an embryo
1iii2 =he part the develops into an endosperm.
1iv2 =he degenerating cells at the chalazal end.
1c2 6raw a labeled diagram of globlar embryonic stage of an
angiosperm.
&(. 1a2 Cxplain the characteristic featre of wind5pollinated .owers. How
are insect5pollinated .owers di$erent from them!
1b2 Cxplain the mtally rewarding relationship
between Fcca plant and species of moth.
&). Cxplain doble fertilization and trace the post fertilization events in
seGential order leading to seed formation in a typical dicotyledonos
plant.
&,. 1a2 6escribe in seGence the process of megasporogenesis in
angiosperms. 1b2 6raw the seven5celled strctre
formed and label all the di$erent cells.
&/. Cxplain the development of the zygote into an embryo and of the
primary endospermic ncles into an endosperm on a fertilized embryo
sac of a dicot plant.
&8. 1a2 :eitonogamy is fnctionally a cross pollination bt genetically
similar to atogamy. Cxplain.
1b2 *hy do .owering plants need to develop otbreeding devices!
Cxplain any three sch devices developed by .owering plants.
(0. 1a2 6raw a labeled diagram of 4.? of a .ower to show the growth of
pollen tbe reaching egg apparats.
1b2 Pistil of a .ower does not accept pollen
from any plant other than from its own kind. How does it happen!
Cxplain. 1c2
*hat is syngamy!
(1. How does the pollen mother cell develop into a matre pollen grain!
>llstarte the stages with labeled diagram.
CBSE XII QUESTION BANK- BIOLOGY Page (
(2. 1a2 6raw a schematic labeled diagram of a fertilized embryo sac of an
angiosperm. 1b2 6escribe the stages in embryo development in a
dicot plant.
(". 1a2 Cxplain the process of doble fertilization in angiosperms.
1b2 4ist the changes each part of the
fertilized ovle ndergoes to develop into a seed.
(&. :ive reasons why!
1a2 'ost zygotes in angiosperms divide only after certain amont of
endosperm is formed
1b2 :rondnt seeds are exalbminos and
castor seeds are albminos 1c2
'icropyle remains as a small pore in the seed coat of a seed.
1d2 >ntegments of an
ovle harder and the water content is highly redced as the seed
matres.
1e2 0pple and cashewnts are not called tre frits.
#D
1a2 6raw a labeled diagram of 4.?. of an embryo of grass 1any six
labels2 1b2 :ive reason for each
of the following;
1i2 0nthers of angiosperm .owers are described as dithecos
1ii2 Hybrid seeds have to be prodced
year after year.
((. 1a2 6raw a labeled longitdinal view of an albminos seed.
1b2 How are seeds advantageos to
.owering plants!
(). 1a2 =race the development of embryo after syngamy in a dicot plant.
1b2 Cndosperm development
precedes embryo development. Cxplain 1c2 6raw
a diagram of a matre dicot embryo and label cotyledons7 plmle7
radical and hypocytyl in it.
(,. 1a2 *ith the help of a labeled diagram depict the organization of a
typical embryo sac +st after doble fertilization
1b2 How are seeds advantageos to
angiosperms!
(/. =he following statements describe the wind5pollinated plants. *hich
one of these statements is incorrect!
1i2 =he pollen grains are sticky
1ii2 ?tatements are
well exposed
1iii2 Elowers often have a single ovle
(8. *hy is apple called a false frit!
)0. 6raw a labeled diagram of the longitdinal section of a maize grain to
show the strctre of matre embryo.
CBSE XII QUESTION BANK- BIOLOGY Page )
)1 6raw a labeled diagram of the sectional view of a matre pollen grain
in angiosperms. Cxplain the fnctions of its di$erent parts.
)2. Cxplain what do yo know abot the phenomenon of sexal
incompatibility.
)". *hy are pollen grains prodced in enormos Gantity in maize!
)&. Cach pollen grain prodces two male gametes. How many grains will be
reGired to fertilise 9ve ovles present in a particlar carpel! :ive
reason in spport of yor answer.
)(. 6raw a longitdinal section of matre anatropos ovle. Cxplain
megasporogenesis and development of female gametophyte.
)). :ive example of staminate and pistillate .owers.
),. *hat is the location and fnction of sporopollenin!
)/. 6e9ne the following terms
1i2 0pomixis 1ii2 Polyembryony 1iii2 Cmasclation
)8. Name the type of .ower7 which favors cross5pollination.
,0. 1i2 =race the development of embryo after syngamy in a dictor plant.
1ii2 6raw a diagram of
matre dicot embryo.
,1. 6i$erentiate between vegetative cell and generative cell.
,2. 1i2 6raw a labeled diagram of 4.?. of maize5seed
1ii2 :ive reason
1a2 0nthers of angiosperm .owers are described as dithecos
1b2 Hybrid seeds have to be prodced year after year.
,". 6i$erentiate between chasmogamos and cleistogamos .owers.
,&. 6raw neat and labeled diagram of ,5celled7 /5ncleate female
gametophyte.
,(. 1i2 6raw a schematic labeled diagram of a fertilized embryo sac of an
angiosperm. 1ii2 6escribe the stages in embryo development in a
dicot plant.
,). :ive example of parthenocarpic frit.
,,. >n an angiosperm7 the embryo sac is haploid7 zygote is diploid and
endosperm is triploid. %stify giving reasons of each stage.
,/. 'ention the application of pollen banks. How are pollen stored in a
bank!
,8. Cven thogh each pollen grain has two male gametes. *hy atleast ten
pollen grains and not 9ve pollen grains reGired to fertilise ten ovles
present in a particlar carple!
/0. 6raw a labeled diagram of a pistil showing formation of pollen tbe.
/1. *rite the location and fnction of tapetm.
CBSE XII QUESTION BANK- BIOLOGY Page ,
/2. 6raw a diagram of a male gametophyte of an angiosperm. 4abel any
for parts.
/". -ontinos self5pollination reslts in inbreeding depression in plants.
6escribe any three devices by which cross5pollination is encoraged in
natre.
/&. 1i2 6raw a labeled diagram of a matre embryo sac.
1ii2 *hy does a pollen grain possess two male gametes! Cxplain.
/(. ?tarting with the zygote7 draw the diagrams of the di$erent stages of
embryo development.
HUMAN REPRODUCTION
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1 MARK QUESTIONS
01. 6e9ne the following
1a2 >nsemination 1b2 Eertilization 1c2 >mplantation
1d2 :estation 1e2 Partrition
02. *hat is serotm and what is its advantage!
0". 'ention the fnction of
1a2 ?ertoli cells 1b2 4eydig cells 1c2 'ale germ cells 1d2 Cpidyidymis
0&. 4ist ot the male sex accessory dcts.
0(. *hat is penis! How is it sefl in insemination! *hat is glans penis and
foreskin!
0). Cxplain the strctre of ovary in females.
0,. *hat are 9nger like pro+ections of infndibln called! *hat is its
fnction.
0/. 6raw the sectional view of female reprodctive system
08. Hters also called AwombB is the place for implantation of embryo. *hat
are its parts and layers.
10. *hat is birth canal!
11. *hat is hymen! >t is a symbol of virginity! Cxplain
12. -litoris is homolgos to glans penis .comment on the statement.
1". 3rie.y explain mammary glands are they fnctional in males spport
with a labeled diagram.
2 MARK QUESTIONS
1&. 6istingish among
1i2 ?permatogenesis 1ii2 ?permiogenesis
1iii2 ?permiation 1iv2 :erm cells
1v2 ?permatocytes 1vi2 ?permatids
CBSE XII QUESTION BANK- BIOLOGY Page /
0lso provide the chromosome no.for Gestion no.55 iv7 v7 vi

1(. :ive the hormonal control of sperm5genesis
1). Eill p the blanks
H y p o t h a l a m u s
A
F S H L H
B
C
P r o c e s s
c a l l e d D
E
P r o d u c e
P r o d u c e
a c t i o n
1,. Cxplain the strctre of sperm with a labeled diagram.
3 MARK QUESTIONS
1/. 0ccont the natre of sperm in the semen.
18. *ho reglate fnctions of male sex accessory dcts and glands! *ho
prodce it!
20. *hich organ prodces semen! =he sperm motility is de to
IIIIIIIIIIIII
21. Cxplain the gradal development of the follicles in the female ovary
from foetal stage to ovlation.
22. *hat is folliclar atresia! *hen it takes place!
2". :ive a schematic representation of spermatogenesis and oogenesis
2&. *hat is the fate and advantage of polar body!
2(. How many chromosomes are present in J primary oocyte
5
?econdary oocyte
5 1
st
polar body
5 2
nd
polar body
5 #otidKovm
2). *hat is menarche and menopase!. *hen does this occr! *hat is
pberty!
2,. Cxplain hormone in menstral cycle.
2/. Hterine proliferation is a common phenomenon dring menstral cycle.
How does it happens! *hat is 'enses!
CBSE XII QUESTION BANK- BIOLOGY Page 8
28. *ith the help of menstral cycle explain development of 9lled.
"0. *hat is 4H srge! *hat is ovlation! *hich hormone case and indce
the process! *hen does it happen!
"1. *hat is corps ltem! *hat is its fnction! >f fertilization doesnBt
occr. *hat is its fate!
"2. 6ring pregnancy7 menstral cycle stop. *hy!
"". *hat is coits! >s there a time period in hmans.
"&. *here fertilization takes place!
"(. *hat is the life span of sperm and secondary oocyte!
"). 6istingish between fertilization and amphimixis.
",. 'onospermic fertilization only takes place in hman. *hy!
"/. *hen does ootid reslt!
"8. 4ist ot the secretions the case entry of sperm into the ovm.
&0. How zygote is formed! Cxplain the early cleavage patterns to form a
morla and thin into a blastocyst!
&1. 6oes woman determine sex of the child! >f so or >f notL How!
&2. / to 1) celled embryo is called 0. >t is formed in 3 and transforms into -
which get implanted at 6. Eill p 0 7 3 7 - 7 6 blanks
&".
A
B
C

1a2 >n 9gre label 0 7 3 7 -
1b2 *hat is the stage
1c2 :ive signi9cance of A3B.
&&. *hat is implantation! How is hman placenta formed!
&(. 4ist ot the placental hormones and give one fnction of each.
&). *hich hormones are prodced in excess dring pregnancy! *hat is its
advantage.
&,. *hat is pregnancy test!
&/. *hat is rape test!
&8. *hat are stem cells!
(0. *hat is gestation period! :ive gestation periods of 'an7 dog7 cat and
elephant.
(1. :ive the development of the foets dring gestation months.
(2. 'ention the time when these changes happen.
1a2 1
st
heart sond in IIIIIIIII
1b2 6evelop limbs and digits in IIIIII
CBSE XII QUESTION BANK- BIOLOGY Page 10
1c2 'a+or organs formed in IIIIIIIII
1d2 Cxternal genitals in IIIIIIIII
1e2 1
st
movement in IIIIIIIIII
1f2 Head hair appearance in IIIIIIIII
1g2 3ody hair7 eyelids in IIIIIIII
1h2 Elly formed foets by IIIIIIIIIII
1i2 Cye lashes develop in IIIIIIIIII
1+2 4egal limit for '=P is IIIIIIIII
(". *hat is partrition! *hat cases it!
(&. *hat are neroendocrine mechanism that case delivery!
((. *hat is foetal e+ection re.ex! *ho cases it!
(). *hich hormones are fond more in blood dring labor pains! *hy!
(,. *hich hormone is in+ected for
1a2 >ndcing partrition 1b2 >ndcing lactation
(/. *hat is lactation!
(8. *hat is colostrms! *hy is it good for neo5natals!
)0. M3reast feeding is best for babiesN. -omment.
REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
1 MARKS QUESTIONS
01. *hat is health and reprodctive health!
02. *rite the importance of reprodctive health to the society.
0". *hat are rral developmental programme! *hen and by whom they
were 9rst started!
0&. Cxpand *H#7 D-H7 -6D>7 >'D7 ''D7 ?=6 7 >H6 7 0D= 7 :>E= 7 O>E= 7 C= 7
0>7 >-?>7 '=P7 D=>7 <67 >H>.
0(. 'ention the ways how D-H reach the common man!
0). :ive the ob+ectives of D-H.
0,. *hat are prenatal and postnatal care provided!
0/. *hat is amniocentosis! *hy is it banned!
08. How and what are the indicative measres of reprodctively healthy
society!
10. MCvery sixth person in the world is an >ndianN. Cxplain with reference to
1a2 Poplation of world and
>ndia
1b2 :rowth rate and reason for increase in growth rate
11. *hat can be the possible problems if poplation explodes!
12. Name the family planning prog. employed by the government!
1". 'ention the level limit of marriage in >ndia.
CBSE XII QUESTION BANK- BIOLOGY Page 11
1&. *hat is an >deal contraceptive!
2 MARKS QUESTIONS
1(. 6escribe the natral contraception methods.
1). *hat is fertile period! *hat is its importance!
1,. 0re natral method e$ective! *hy!
1/. Physical barrier method is very ideal. >llstrate! :ive an example of a
condom.
18. 4ist ot the physical barriers sed by females.
20. *hat are most poplar and safe contraceptive sed in >ndia. *hy!
21. 4ist ot the di$erent types of >H6.
22. *hat are pills! How are they sed! :ive its advantage.
2". *hat is once a week pill! How are they sed! *ho prepared them!
2&. >mplants and in+ections are very e$ective contraceptives. Claborate
their sage.
2(. *hat shold be done if nwanted coits occr! >s the method a
contraceptive! *hy.
2). *hat are srgical methods! *hat is its advantage!
2,. Hsage of contraceptives is against natre and its methods. >t is not
safe. 0dd a note to the above statement giving the side e$ects of these
methods.
2/. *hat is indced abortion! *hy is it not safe! *hen it is legalized!
*hy!
28. 'ention few ?=6K<6KD=>.
"0. *hich <6 are in crable!
"1. How ?=6 spread! *hat are the principles sed to protect orselves
from getting infected.
3 MARKS QUESTIONS
"2. :ive the ma+or symptoms of ?=6.
"". *hat are the reasons for increased spread of ?=6!
"&. *hat is in fertility! 'ention few reasons for infertility in males and
females.
"(. 4ist some 0D=.
"). 6i$erentiate between in vivo is in vitro fertilization.
",. 0t what stage O>E= and C= are done.
"/. *hy 0D= is not poplar in common people!
"8. :ive another soltion to have child for infertile coples.
PRINCIPLES OF INHERITANCE AND VARIATION
CBSE XII QUESTION BANK- BIOLOGY Page 12
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
1 MARK QUESTIONS;
01. 0 garden pea plant 102 prodced in.ated yellow pod and another plant
132 same species are prodced constricted green pods. >dentify the
dominant traits.
02. Name the respective pattern of inheritance where
1
f
phenotype.
1a26oes not resemble either of the two parents and is in between the
two. 1b2Desembles only one of the two parents.
0". Name the event dring cell division cycle that reslts in the gain or loss
of chromosome.
0&. Pea .owers prodce assred seeds sets. :ive a reason.
0(. *rite the percentage of
2
F
homozygos and heterozygos poplations
in a typical monohybrid cross.
0). How wold yo 9nd the genotype of an organism exhibiting a dominant
phenotype trait!
0,. *hen a tall pea plant was self5pollinated7 one5forth of the progeny
were dwarf progenies.
0/. Name one atosomal dominant and one atosomal recessive
'endelian disorder in hmans.
08. *rite the genotypic of 1a2 an individals who is carrier of sickle cell
anaemia gene bt apparently na$ected 1b2 an
individal a$ected with disease.
10. 0 hman being s$ering from 6ownBs syndrome shows trisomy of 21
st
chromosome. 'ention the case of this
chromosomal abnormality.
11. =he son of haemophilic man may not get this genetic disorder. 'ention
the reason.
12. *rite the case of 6ownBs syndrome in hmans.
1". 0 haemophilic son was born to normal parents. :ive the genotypes of
the parents.
2 MARKS QUESTIONS:
1&. >n a dihybrid cross white eyed7 yellow bodied female 6rosophila crossed
with eyed7 brown bodied male 6rosophila prodced in
2
F
generation
1."P recombinants and 8/.,P progeny with parental type
combinations. =his observation of 'organ deviated from 'endelian
2
F
phenotypic dihybrid ratio. Cxplain7 giving reasons7 'organ is
observation.
CBSE XII QUESTION BANK- BIOLOGY Page 1"
1(.
T
T
t t
T t
T t
A
B
C
D

t a l l p l a n t
t a l l p l a n t
4ook at the above diagram and answer the following Gestions;
1a2 *rite
the genotypes of 0737-76.
1b2*rite the phenotypes of 0737-76.
1c2*rite the phenotypic ratio of progeny.
1d2*rite the genotypic ratio
of progeny.
1). 0 man with blood grop 0 married a woman with 3 grop. =hey have a
son with 03 blood grop and daghter with blood grop #. *ork ot
the cross and show the possibility of sch inheritance.
1,. 0 plant of 0ntirrhinm ma+s with red .owers was crossed with the
another of the same species with white .owers. =he plants of the
1
F
generation born pink .owers. Cxplain the pattern of inheritance with
the help of across.
1/. 0 women with blood grop A#B married a man with 03 blood grop.
?how the possible blood grops of the progeny. 4ist the alleles
involved in this inheritance.
18. >n a particlar plant species7 ma+ority of the plant bears prple .owers.
No intermediate colors are observed. >f yo are given a plant with
prple7 .owers7 how wold yo con9rm that it is a pre breed for that
trait! Cxplain.
20. 0 woman with A3B blood grop married a blood grop. =hey had 2 sons
both has 2 sons both has A#B grop. ?how the possibility of sch an
inheritance. 4ist the alles involved in determining the blood grop.
21. How are dominance7 co5dominance and incomplete dominance patterns
of inheritance di$erent from each other!
22. 0 pea plant with prple .owers was crossed with white .owers
prodcing (0 plants with only prple .owers. #n sel9ng7 these plants
prodced &/2 plants with prple .owers and 1)2 with white .owers.
*hat genetic mechanism acconts for these reslts! Cxplain.
2". 6ring his stdies on genes in 6rosophila that were ?ex5linked7 =H
'organ fond
2
F
5poplation phenotypic ratio deviated from expected
8;";";1. Cxplain the conclsion he arrived it.
2&. *ork ot a cross between tre breeding red and white .owered dog5
.ower plants 1snapdragon2 p to
2
F
progeny. Cxplain the reslts of
1 2
F and F
generations.
CBSE XII QUESTION BANK- BIOLOGY Page 1&
2(. >nheritance pattern of 03# blood grops in hmans shown domaince7
codominance and mltiple allelism. Cxplain each concept with the help
of blood grop genotypes.
2). >n one family each of the for children has a di$erent blood grop.
=heir mother is grop 0 and the father is grop 3. Cxplain this pattern
of inheritance with the help of a cross along with genotypes.
2,. *ho proposed chromosomal theory of inheritance! Point ot any two
similarities in the behavior of chromosomes and genes.
2/. *hen tall pea plants were selfed7 some of the o$springs were dwarf!
Cxplain with the help of a Pnnett sGare.
28. 1i2 =allness of pea plant is a dominant traitL dwarfness is the alternate
recessive trait. 0 pre tall pea plant is crossed to a dwarf one. *ork
ot the cross to show that what fraction on the tall plants in
2
F
generator is heterozygos! 1ii2
?tate any one law of 'endel which can be derived from this cross.
"0. *hat is the inheritance pattern observed in the size of starch grains
and seed shape of Pism sativm. *ork ot the monohybrid cross
showing the above traits. How does this pattern of inheritance deviate
from that of 'endelian law of dominance!
"1. 1a2 4ist three di$erent allelic forms of gene A>B in hman explain the
di$erent phenotype expressions7 controlled by these three form.
1b20 woman
with blood grop A0B marries a man with blood grop A#B. 6iscss the
possibilities of the inheritance of the blood grop in the following
starting with AyesB or AnoB for each.
1i2 =hey prodce children with blood grop A0B only
1ii2 =hey prodce children with A#B blood grop and some with A0B blood
grop.
"2. 1a2 Cxplain monohybrid cross taking seed coast color as a trait in
Pism sativm. *ork ot the cross p to
2
F
generation.
1b2?tate the laws of
inheritance that can be derived from sch a cross.
1c2How is the phenotypic ratio of
2
F
generation di$erent in a dihybrid
cross!
"". 1a2 0 tre breeding homozgos pea plant with green pods and axial
.owers as dominant characters7 is crossed with a recessive
homozygos pea plant with yellow pods and terminal .owers. *ork ot
the cross p to
2
F
generation giving the phenotypic ratios of
1
F
and
2
F
generation respectively.
1b2 ?tate the 'endelian principle which can be derived from sch a
cross and not from monohybrid cross.
"&. 1a2 ?tate the law of independent assortment.
1b2 Hsing Pnnett sGare demonstrate law of independent assortment
in a dihybrid cross involving two heteroxygos parents.
CBSE XII QUESTION BANK- BIOLOGY Page 1(
"(. 03# blood groping in hman poplation exhibits for possible
phenotypes from six di$erent genotypes. Cxplain di$erent mechanism
of inheritance involved in exhibiting the possibility of for phenotypes
and six genotypes.
"). 1a2 *hen a garden pea plant with violet .owers was crossed with
another plant with white .owers7 (0P of the progeny bone violet
.owers.
1b2 *ork ot the cross.
1c2 Name the type of cross and mention its signi9cance.
1d2 How does the
inheritance pattern of .ower color in snapdragon di$er from the
above!
",. *hen a garden pea plant with green pods was cross5pollinated with
another plant with yellow pods7 (0P of the progeny born green pods;
1a2*ork ot the cross to illstrate this
1b2 How do yo refer to this type of
cross! *hy is sch a cross done!
"/. >nheritance pattern of .ower color in garden pea plant and
snapdragon di$ers. *hy is this di$erence observed. Cxplain showing
the crosses p to
2
F
generation.
"8. Fo are given a red .ower5bearing pea plant and a red .ower bearing
snapdragon plant. How wold yo de9ne the genotypes of these two
plants with respect of the color of the .ower! Cxplain with the help of
crosses. -omment pon the pattern of inheritance seen in these two
plants.
&0. 0 particlar garden pea plant prodces only violet .owers.
1a2 >t is homozygos
dominant for the trait and heterozygos!
1b2 How wold yo ensre its genotype! Cxplain with the help of
crosses.
&1. 1a2 Fo are given tall pea plants with yellow seeds genotype are
nknown. How wold yo 9nd these plants! Cxplain with the help of
cross.
1b2 >dentify a7 b and c in the table given below.

Pattern of inheritance
'onohybrid
1
F
Phenotypic
expression
-odominance
AbB
>ncomplete dominance
AdB
=he progeny resembled only
one of the parents.
AcB
CBSE XII QUESTION BANK- BIOLOGY Page 1)
&2. >nheritance pattern of .ower color garden pea plant and snapdragon
di$ers. *hy is this di$erence observed! Cxplain showing the crosses.
&". 0 particlar garden pea plant prodced only violet .owers. >t may or
may not be homozygos dominant for the trait. How wold yo ensre
its genotype. Cxplain with crosses.
&&. *ith the help of one example each7 provide genetic explanation for the
following observations;
1a2
1
F
generation resembles both the
parents. 1b2
1
F
generation does not resemble either one of the parents.
&(. Provide genetic explanation for the observation in which the .ower
color in
1
F
generation of snapdragon did not resemble either of the
two parents. However7 the parental characters reappeared when
1
F
progenies were selfed.
1b2 ?tate the three principles of 'endelBs law of inheritance.
&). 1a2 0 tre breeding pea plant7 homozygos for in.ated green pods is
crossed with another pea plant with constricted yellow pods 1$gg2
*hat wold be the phenotype and genotype of
1
F
and
2
F
generations!
:ive the phenotype ratio of
1
F
generations!
1b2 ?tate the
generalization proposed by 'endel on the basis of the above
mentioned cross.
&,. 0 tre breeding pea plant homozygos for axial violet .owers is
crossed with another pea plant with terminal white .owers 1aavv2
1a2
*hat wold be the phenotype and genotype of
1
F
and
2
F
generation.
1b2 :ive the phenotypic ration of
2
F
generation.
1c2 4ist the 'endelBs generalization that can be derived from the above
cross.
&/. 0 homozygos tall pea plant with green seeds is crossed with a dwarf
pea plant with yellow seeds is
1a2 *hat wold be the phenotype and
genotype of
1
F
!
1b2 *ork ot the phenotypic ratio of
2
F
generation with the help of a
Pnnett sGare.
&8. 0 tall pea plant with yellow seeds 1herozygos for both the traits is
crossed with a dwarf pea plant with green seeds. Hsing a Pnnett
sGare work ot the cross to show the phenotypes and the genotypes.
#f
1
F
generation.
(0. 0 snapdragon plant homozygos for red .ower when crossed with a
dwarf pea plant with green seeds. Hsing a Pnnet sGare work ot the
cross to show the phenotypes and the genotypes of
1
F
generation.
CBSE XII QUESTION BANK- BIOLOGY Page 1,

1a2 *hat is the phenotypic expression called!
1b2 *ork ot the cross to show the
2
F
generation when
1
F
was self5
pollinated. :ive the phenotypic and genotypic ratios of
2
F
generation.
1c2
How do yo compare the
2
F
phenotypic and genotypic ratios with
those of 'endelian monohybrid
2
F
ratios.
(1. 1a2 0 tre breeding pea plant homozygos for axial violet .owers is
crossed with another pea plant with terminal white .owers 1aavv2.
*ork ot the cross to show the phenotypes and genotypes of
1
F
and
2
F
generation along with the ratios. 1b2
?tate the law that 'endel proposed on the basis of sch a cross.
(2. 0 tre breeding pea plant7 homozygos for in.ated and green pods is
crossed with another pea plant with constricted and yellow pods 1$gg2.
1a2 *ork
ot the cross to show the phenotypes and genotypes
1
F
and
2
F
generations. :ive the phenotype ratio of
2
F
generation.
1b2 4ist the laws of
'endel which can be derived from sch a cross.
(". 4et BFB be the genotypic symbol for dominant yellow seed color7
symbol AFB for recessive green seed color7 symbol ADB for dominant
rond shape of seed and symbol ArB for recessive wrinkled seed shape
in garden pea. Hsing these symbols7 explain the 'endelBs law of
independent assortment.
(&. :iven below is a table showing the genotypes and the phenotypes of
blood grops in the hman poplation;
:enotype Phenotype
A*B

0 B
I I


A B
I I
A@B
0
AFB
AOB
0
1a2 >dentify the genotypes 1*2 and 1@2 and the phenotypes 1F2 and 1O2.
1b2 How is codominance di$er
from incomplete dominance!
1c2 Name the pattern of inheritance exhibited by the phenotypes 1F2
and 1O2.
((. Haemophilia is a sex5linked inheritance condition in hmans where a
simple ct cases non5stop bleeding. ?tdy the pedigree chart
showing the inheritance of haemophilia in a family. 0nswer the
Gestions that follow.
CBSE XII QUESTION BANK- BIOLOGY Page 1/
1 2
3
! " # $ %
1 & 1 1
1 2 1 3 1
:ive reasons which explain that haemophilia is 1a2 ?ex5linked 1b2
-ased by @5linked gene.
(). =he male frit .y and female fowl are heterogametic7 while the female
frit .y and the male fowl are homogametic. *hy are they called so!
3MARKS QUESTIONS
(,. 1a2 ?ickle cell anaemia in hmans is a reslt of point mtation. Cxplain.
1b2 *rite the genotypes of both the
parents who have prodced a sickle celled amanmic
o$springBs.
(/. Name a disorder7 give the karyotype and write the symptoms where a
hman male s$ers as a reslt of an additional
@5chromosome.
(8. 1a2 *hy are grasshopper and 6rosophilia said to show male
heterogamety! Cxplain. 1b2 Cxplain
female heterogamety with the help of an example.
)0. Cxplain the sex determination mechanism in hmans. How is it di$erent
in birds!
)1. ?tdy the given pedigree chart showing the pattern of blood grop
inheritance in a family.
A B
A
A
'
(
) A B
1a2 :iven the genotype of the following; 1i2 Parents 1ii2 =he individal A@B in
second generation.
1b2 ?tate the possible blood grops of the individal AFB
in third generation. 1c2 Now does the
inheritance of this blood grop explain codominance.
)2. Haemophilia is a sex5linked recessive disorder of hman. =he pedigree
chart given below shows the inheritance of
haemophilia in one family. ?tdy the pattern of inheritance and
answer the Gestion given;
CBSE XII QUESTION BANK- BIOLOGY Page 18
1 2
3
! " # $ %
1 & 1 1
1 2 1 3 1
1 !
1a2 :iven all the possible genotypes of the members od &7( and ) in the
pedigree chart.
1b2 0 blood test shows that the
individals 1& is a carrier of haemophilia. =he member
nmbered 1( has recently married the member nmbered 1&. *hat is the
probability that their 9rst child will be a haemophilia male!
)". Decently a girl baby has been reported to s$er from haemophilia. How
is it possible! Cxplain with the help of a
cross.
)&.
B
A
B
B
B
B
A
A
A
A B
A B
A B
O
1 2
3 4
5
! "
# 1 $
?tdy the pedigree chart given above7 showing the inheritance pattern
of blood grops ion a family and answer the following Gestions;
1a2 :ive the possible genotypes of the individal 1 and 2.
1b2 *hich antigen or
antigens will be present on the plasma membranes of D3-s of
individals ( and 8!
1c2 :ive the genotype of the individals " and &.
)(. Cxplain the pattern of inheritance of haemophilia in hmans. *hy is the
possibility of a hman female becoming a haemophilic extremely rare!
Cxplain.
)). 0 non5Haemophilic cople was informed by their doctor that there is
possibility of a haemophilic child be born to them. Cxplain the basis on
which the doctor conveyed this information. :ive the genotypes and
the phenotypes of all the possible children who cold be born to them!
),. ?tdy the given pedigree chart and answer the Gestion that follow;

CBSE XII QUESTION BANK- BIOLOGY Page 20
I
I I
I I I
1a2 >s the trait recessive or dominant.
1b2 >s the trait sex5linked or atosomal!
1c2 :ive the genotype of the parents in generation > and of their third
and forth child shown. >n generation >> and the 9rst grand child shown
in generation >>>.
)/. ?tdy the pedigree chart given below showing the inheritance pattern
of hman trait and answer the Gestions that follow;
I
I I
I I I
1a2 :ive the genotype of the parents shown in generation > and of the
son and daghter shown in generation >>.
1b2 :ive the genotype of the
daghter shown in 9gre >>>.
1c2 >s the trait sex5linked or atosomal! %stify yor answer.
)8. 1a2 0 normal cople gave birth to one haemophilic son and two normal
daghters. *ork ot the cross to show the genotypes of the parents
and their progeny. 1b2 :ive the possible
genotypes of the parents who can give birth to haemophilic daghters.
,0. How is that hman females are rarely haemophilic! Cxplain.
5 MARK QUESTIONS:
,1. 1a2 *hy is haemophilia generally observed in hman males! Cxplain
the conditions nder which a hman female can be haemophilic.
1b2 0 pregnant hman female was advised to ndergo '=P. >t was
diagnosed by her doctor that the foets she is carrying has developed
from a zygote formed by an @@5egg fertilized by F5 carrying sperm. *hy
was she advised to ndergo '=P!
,2. 1a2 How does a chromosomal disorder di$er from a'endelian disorders.
1b2 Name any two chromosomal aberration J
associated disorders. 1c2 4ist
the characteristics of the disorders mentioned above that help in their
diagnosis.
CBSE XII QUESTION BANK- BIOLOGY Page 21
,". Cxplain the cases7 inheritance pattern and symptoms of any two
'endelian genetic disorders.
,&. *rite the symptoms of haemophilia and sickle5cell anaemia in hman.
Cxplain how the inheritance pattern of the two diseases di$er from
each other.
MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
1 MARK QUESTIONS;
01. *hy hnDN0 is reGired to ndergo splicing!
02. 'ention the two additional processing which hnDN0 needs to ndergo
after splicing so as to become fnctional.
0". *hen and at what end does the AtailingB of hnDN0 take place!
0&. 0t which ends do AcappingB and AtailingB of hnDN0 occr take place!
0(. How is the length of 6N0 sally calclated!
0). 1a2 6raw a neat labeled diagram of a ncleoson.
0,. 'ention the role of the codons 0H: and H:0 dring protein synthesis.
0/. 'ention two fnctions of the codon 0H:.
08. How are two short polypeptide chains of inslin linked together!
10. Name the techniGe sed for separating 6N0 fragments in the
laboratory.
11. *hat is the signi9cance of the process of DN0 interference 1DN02 in
ekaryotic organisms!
2MARK QUESTIONS
12. 6raw a schematic diagram of a part of doble stranded dincleotide
6N0 chain having all the for nitrogenos
bases showing the correct polarity.
1". 6raw a neat labeled sketch of a replicating fork of 6N0.
1&. 1a2 6raw a neat labeled diagram of a ncleosome.
1b2 'ention what enables histones to acGire a positive charge.
1(. How do histones acGire positive charges!
1). ?tate the dal role of deoxyriboncleoside triphosphates dring 6N0
replication.
CBSE XII QUESTION BANK- BIOLOGY Page 22
1,. 'ake a labeled diagram of an DN0 dincleotide showing its 3' 5'
polarity.
1/. 6i$erentiate between a template strand and a coding strand of 6N0.
18. :ive one fnction each of histone protein and non5histone
chromosomal protein in an ekaryotic ncles.
20. -ompare the roles of the enzymes 6N0 polymerase and 6N0 ligase in
the replication.
21. 4ist the salient featres of doble helix strctre of 6N0.
22. Cxplain the process of DN0 interference.
2". *rite the fll form of <N=D. How is <N=D di$erent from AProbeB!
2&. How is the translation of mDN0 terminated! Cxplain.
2(. Cxplain the dal fnction of 0H: codon. :ive the seGence of bases it
is transcribed from and its anticodon.
2). Name the category of codons H:0 belongs to. 'ention another codon
of the same category. Cxplain their role in protein synthesis.
2/. 1a2 6i$erentiate between AnambigosB and AdegenerateB codons.
1b2 *rite two
fnctions of the codon 0H:.
28. :enetic code is speci9c and nearly niversal. %stify.
3MARK QUESTIONS
"0. >t is established that DN0 is the 9rst genetic material. Cxplain giving
three reasons. 1a2 Name the enzyme responsible for the
transcription of tDN0 and the amino acid. 1b2 Cxplain the role of
initiator tDN0 in initiation of protein synthesis.
"1. 4ist the salient featre of doble helix strctre of 6N0.
"2. =he base seGence in one of the strands of 6N0 is =0:-0=:0=.
1a2
:ive the base seGence of the complementary strand.
1b2 How are these base pairs held together in a 6N0 molecle!
1c2
Cxplain the base complementary rle. Name the scientist who framed
this rle.
"". 1a2 Name the enzyme that catalyses the transcription of hnDN0
1b2 *hy does the
hnDN0 need to ndergo changes! 4ist the changes hnDN0 ndergoes
and where in the cell sch changes take place.
"&. 0nswer the following Gestions bases on 'eselson and ?tahlBs
experiment; 1a2 *rite the name of the chemical sbstance
sed as a sorce of nitrogen in the experiment by them.
1b2 *hy
did the scientist synthesize the light and the heavy 6N0 molecles in
the organism sed in the experiment!
CBSE XII QUESTION BANK- BIOLOGY Page 2"
1c2 How did the scientists make it possible to
distingish the heavy 6N0 molecle from the light 6N0 molecle!
Cxplain.
1d2 *rite the conclsion the scientists arrived at after completing the
experiment.
"(. 6escribe the initiation proves of transcription in bacteria.
"). 6escribe the elongation process of transcription in bacteria.
",. 6escribe the termination process of transcription in bacteria.
"/. >n a series of experiments with ?treptococcs and mice7 E :riQth
conclded that D5strain bacteria had been transformed. Cxplain.
"8. 6raw a schematic representation of a dincleotide. 4abel the following;
1a2 =he component of a ncleotide 1b2 (B end
1c2 N5glycosidic linkage 1d2 Phosphodiester linakge
&0. 1a2 6raw a schematic representation of transcription nit showing the
polarity of both the strands. 4abel the promoter gene and the template
strand. 1b2 'ention the condition
when template strand becomes coding strand. 1c2 :ive
the fnction of the promoter gene.
&1. *hy does 6N0 replication occr in small replication fork and not in its
entire length! 1a2 *hy is 6N0 replication continos and
discontinos in a replication fork! 1b2
Cxplain the importance of AoriginB of replication in a replication fork.
&2. =he length of 6N0 molecle in a typical mammalian cell is calclated to
be approximately 2.2 metres. How is the packaging of this long
molecle done to accommodate. >t within the ncles of the cell!
&". *hat is hnDN0! Cxplain the changes hnDN0 ndergoes dring its
processing to form mDN0.
&&. Hnambiogos7 niversal and degenerate are some of the terms sed
for the genetic code. Cxplain the salient featres of each of them.
&(. 1a2 Name the scientist who called tDN0 an adapter molecle
1b2 6raw a clover leaf strctre of tDN0
showing the following;
1i2 =yrosine attached to its amino acid site
1ii2 0nticodon for this amino acid in its correct site 1codon for tyrosine is
H-02. 1c2 *hat does the actal strctre of tDN0
look like!
&). Cxplain the role of reglatory gene in a lac operon. *hy is reglation of
lac operon called negative reglation!
&,. 0 considerable amont of lactose is added to the growth medim of C.
coli. How is the lac operon switched on in the bacteria! 'ention the
state of the operon when lactose is digested.
&/. 1a2 How many codons code for amino acids and how many do not!
1b2 Cxplain the following giving one
CBSE XII QUESTION BANK- BIOLOGY Page 2&
example of each;
1i2 Hnambigos and speci9c codon 1ii2 6egeneration
codon
1iii2 Hniversal codon 1iv2 >nitiator codon
&8. 1a2 *hy is tDN0 called an adapter!
1b2 6raw a label a secondary strctre of tDN0. How does the actal
strctre of tDN0 look live!
(0. #ne of the codons on mDN0 is 0H:. 6raw the strctre of tDN0 adapter
molecle for this codon. Cxpalin the niGeness of this tDN0.
(1. :ive below is a part of the template strand of a strctral gene.
=0- -0= =0:
:0=
1a2 *rite its transcribed mDN0 strand with its polarity
1b2 Cxplain the mechanism involved in initiation of transcription of this
strand.
(2. Cxplain the process of charging of tDN0. *hy is it essential in
translation!
(". 1a2 6raw the strctre of the initiator tDN0 adapter molecle.
1b2
*hy is tDN0 called an adapter molecle!
(&. 1a2 ?tate the arrangement of di$erent genes that in bacteria is referred
to as AoperonB 1b2 6raw a schematic labeled illstration of lac
operon in a Aswitched onB state. 1c2 6escribe the role of
lactose in the lac operon.
5MARK QUESTIONS
((. ?tate the aim and describe 'eselson and ?tahlBs experiment.
(). Name the scientists7 who proved experimentally that 6N0 is the
genetic material. 6escribe their experiment.
(,. 6escribe Erederick :riQthBs experiment on ?treptococcs pnemonia.
6iscss the conclsion he arrived at.
(/. 1a2 Cxplain the role of 6N0 dependent DN0 polymerase in initiation7
elongation and termination dring transcription in bacterial cell.
1b2
How is transcription a more complex process in ekaryotic cells!
Cxplain.
(8. 1a2 *rite the scienti9c name of the bacterim sed by Erederick :riQth
in his experiment.
1b2 How did he prove that some
Atransforming principleB is responsible for transformation of the non5
virlant strains of bacteria into the virlent form!
1c2 ?tate the biochemical natre of the Atransforming principleB.
1d2 Name
the scientists proved it.
CBSE XII QUESTION BANK- BIOLOGY Page 2(
)0. How did 0lfred Hershey and 'artha -hase arrive at the conclsion that
6N0 is the genetic material!
)1. *here do transcription and translation occr in bacteria and ekaryotes
respectively! Cxplain the complexities in transcription and translation
in ekaryotes that are not seen in bacteria.
)2 1a2 6escribe Hershey and -haseBs experiment.
1b2 *rite the aim of experiment.
)". How were the following proved experimentally! Cxplain.
1a2 3iochemical natre
of the Atransforming principle of :riQthBs experiment 1b2
6N0 is the genetic material.
)&. 1a2 Cxplain the experiment performed by :riQth on ?treptococcs
pnemonia. *hat did he conclde form this experiment!
1b2 Name the three scientists who followed p :riQthBs experiments.
1c2 *hat did they conclde
and how!
)(. How did Hershey and -hase proved that 6N0 is the hereditary
material! Cxplain their experiment with sitable diagram.
)). 1a2 *hat did 'eselson and ?tahl observed ! *hen
1i2 =hey cltred C.coli ina medim containing
15
4
NH Cl
for a few
generations and centrifgal. =he content!
1ii2 =hey transferred one sch bacterim to the normal medim of
4
NH Cl
and cltred for two generations.
1b2 *hat did 'eseloson and ?thal conclde from his experiment!
Cxplain with the help of diagrams.
1c2 *hich is the 9rst genetic material! :ive
reasons in spport of yor answer.
),. How did Hershey and -hase proved that 6N0 is the hereditary
material! Cxplain their experiment with sitable diagrams.
)/. 1a2 How did :riQth explained the transformation of D5strain 1non5
virlent2 bacteria into ?5strain 1virlent2!
1b2 Cxplain how 'ac4eod7 'c-arty and 0very
determined the biochemical natre of the molecle responsible for
transforming D5strain bacteria into ?5strain bacteria.
)8. 1a2 >n a experiment7 :riQth introdced heat5killed ?5strain bacteria
?treptococcs into a mose along with live7 D5strain bacteria. =he
mose died bt the scientist recovered living ?5strain bacteria from the
dead mose. Cxplain the conclsion that :riQth arrived at after the
experiment.
1b2 Cxplain 'ac4eod7 'c-arty and 0veryBs work that followed :riQthBs
experiment. ?tate the conclsion they arrived at.
,0. Cxplain Hershey -hase experiment. *hat was proved throgh this
experiment.
CBSE XII QUESTION BANK- BIOLOGY Page 2)
,1. 1a2 Cxplain :riQthBs series of experiments where he witnessed
transformation in bacteria he worked with.
1b2 Name the scientist responsible for
determining the biochemical natre of Atransforming principleB in
:riQth is experiments. *hat did they prove!
,2. *hat is Asemi5conservativeB 6N0 replication! How was it experimentally
proved and by whom!
,". 6raw the labeled schematic strctre of a transcription nit. Cxplain
the fnction of each component of the nit in the process of
transcription.
,&. *hat is Asemi5conservativeB replication of 6N0! Cxplain how it was
experimentally proved!
,(. 1a2 *ho explained the Atransforming principleB is an organism! How did
the scientist perform the experiment to explain this principle!
1b2 How was the biochemical natre of the transforming material
determined! Cxplain.
,). How did 0lfred Hershey and 'artha chase neGivocally proved that
6N0 is the genetic material!
,,. *ho proposed that 6N0 replication is semiconservative! How did
'eselson and ?tahl prove it experimentally!
,/. 1a2 ?tate the central dogma in moleclar biology. *ho proposed it! >s it
niversally applicable! Cxplain.
1b2 4ist any for properties of a molecle to be able to act as a genetic
material.
,8. 6iagrammatically represent a portion of the doble stranded
polynclotide chain seGence in a 6N0 molecle involving all the for
nitrogenos bases.
/0. 1a2 Cxplain the role of 6N0 dependent DN0 polymerase in initiation7
elongation and termination dring transcription in bacterial cell.
1b2 How is transcription a more complex process in ekaryotic cells!
Cxplain.
/1 1a2 6N0 polymorphism is the basis of 6N0 9ngerprinting techniGe.
Cxplain. 1b2 'ention the cases of 6N0
polymorphism.
/2. Name and describe the techniGe that will help in solving a case of a
child by two di$erent families.
/". =wo blood samples 0 and 3 picked p from the crime scene were
handed over to the forensic department for genetic 9nger printing.
6escribe how the techniGe of genetic 9ngerprinting is carried ot.
How it will be con9rmed whether the samples belonged to the same
individal or to two di$erent individals!
CBSE XII QUESTION BANK- BIOLOGY Page 2,
/&. Cxplain the steps of 6N0 9nger printing that will help in processing of
the two blood samples 0 and 3 picked p from the crime scene.
/(. 1a2 *ho proposed the concept of lac operon!
1b2 6raw a labeled schematic representation of a lac operon.
1c2 Cxplain who does
this operon get switched AonB and Ao$B.
/). 6iagram based Gestions.
>dentify the diagram and label the part asked
1a2
A
S% &
1b2
3 '
3 '
3 '
3 ' 5 '
5 '
5 '
5 '
( A )
1c2
( A )
1d2
( A )
1e2
** * *C T C * * ** *
** * *G A G ** * ** G % + %
, R N A
( A )
V - . H / 0 L % 1
T 2 & P & 3
G . 1 G . 1
1 2
3 4 5 !
P % 4 5 / 6 %
/,. Eill in the blanks
1a2 0lleles controlling hman 03# blood grop shows IIIIIIIIII
CBSE XII QUESTION BANK- BIOLOGY Page 2/
inheritance. 1b2 >n birds 00 R O* chromosome
complement represents IIIIIIIIII sex.
1c2 0verage rat eof polymerization shown by 6N0 dependent 6N0
polymerase is IIIIIIIIII bp per second.
1d2 Dho factor is involved in
IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII of transcription.
1e2 =echniGe of transferring of 6N0 fragments from gel to
nitrocelllose membrane is called IIIIIIIIIII blotting
//. 6i$erentiate between the following.
1a2 Primase and ligase 1w.r.t. fnction2
1b2 ?ex limited and sex in.enced traits
1w.r.t. expression2
1c2 'onosomy and =risomy 1w.r.t. chromosome component2
1d2 #tcross
and =estcross
1e2 Hemizygos and heterozygos
/8. Eill in the blanks
1a2 >n incomplete dominance
2
F
IIIIIIIIIII and IIIIIIIIIIIIII ratio is
same. 1b2 >n pea the gene controlling seed shape
also controls IIIIIIIIIII this phenomena is called IIIIIIIIIII
1c2 0mino acid IIIIIIIII and IIIIIIIIIIIII are excreptions to
degeneracy 1d2 DN0 polymerase
IIIIIIIIIII and IIIIIIIIIIIII is involved in the formation of rDN0
1e2 Hman skin color is controlled by IIIIIIIIII and types of
phenotypes possible for it is IIIIIIIIIIII
80. 'atch the following
-olmn > -olmn >>
1a2 ?olenoid 1i2 10 nm
1b2 -entral 6ogma 1ii2 2 ; 1
1c2 -oat
-olor in 'ice 1iii2 8 ; ) ; 1
1d2 Ncleosome 1iv2 "0 nm
1e2 0dditive genes 1v2 -rick
CBSE XII QUESTION BANK- BIOLOGY Page 28
81. Sestions from the given termsKoptions in box
1a2 *hat is the dihybrid testcross ratio if the two genes present on
same chromosome shows complete linkage!
1b2 Name the mtation which involves
insertion or deletion of nitrogenos bases from 6N0
1c2 *hich 'endelian trait is present on
,
th
chromosome of pism! 1d2 *hich
term is sed when sex determination occrs after fertilization!
1e2 *hat is the size of basic repeat seGence present in <N=DBs!
82. 'atch the following 1'ore than one match is possible2
-olmn > -olmn >>
1a2 Histone 1i2 >ntrons
1b2 ?plicing 1ii2 6eamination
1c2 =?6 1iii2 3asic protein
1d2 Nitros acid 1iv2 Ncleosome
1e2 PTH 1v2 Dibozyme
1vi2 C U
1vii2 Hexosaminidase
1viii2
-hromosome 12
1ix2 -hromosome 1(
1x2 Hydroxylase
8". ?hort answer type Gestions
1a2 6e9ne seGence annotation
1b2 Cxplain strctre of DN0P in prokaryotes
1c2 *hat s the role of 2/? rDN0 in ekaryotes!
1d2 *hat is dia5andric inheritance!
1e2 Cxplain chromosomal aberration associated with inversion
8&. ?hort answer type Gestions.
1a2 *hy both strands of 6N0 are not transcribed!
1b2 *hat is mis5sense mtation!
1c2 How many type of gametes are prodced from genotype
0a3b-c6dCe! 1d2 Cxplain the role of 6HH loop in tDN0.
1e2 *hat is codominance!
CBSE XII QUESTION BANK- BIOLOGY Page "0
8(. 4ong answer type Gestions.
1a2 *hich featres of DN0 makes it a nstable genetic material!
1b2 Cxplain experiment
performed by Hershey and -hase to prove 6N0 as genetic material in
2
T
virses.
CBSE XII QUESTION BANK- BIOLOGY Page "1