ENGINEERING MECHANICS AND STRENGTH OF MATERIALS

QUESTIONS
1 Three forces, 20N, 30N and 40N are in equilibrium
find the largest angle they make with each other.

CHOICES
a. 104.48 degrees
b. 105.58 degrees
c. 106.69 degrees
d. 107.96 degrees

2 Two forces of 20 units and 30 units act at right angle.

What is the magnitude of the resultant force?

a. 36
b. 42
c. 40
d. 44

3 A load of 100lb is hung from a middle of a rope, which

is stretched between two rigid walls 30ft apart. Due to
the load,the rope sags 4ft in the middle. Determine the
tension in the rope.

a. 165 lbs.
b. 173 lbs
c. 194 lbs
d. 149 lbs

4 A boat moving at 12kph is crossing a river 500m wide

a.19.47downstream
in which a current is flowing at 4kph. In what direction
b.19.47upstream
should the boat head if it is to reach a point on the
c.18.43downstream
other side of the river directly opposite its starting point
d.18.43upstream
5 A 100 kg weight rest on a 30 inclined plane.
Neglecting friction, how much pull must one exert to
bring the weight up the plane?

a. 88.67 kg
b. 100kg
c. 70.71 kg
d. 50 kg

6 A man can exert a maximum pull of 1000N but wishes

a. 10 times nearer
to lift a new stone door for his cave weighing 20,000N.
If he uses a lever, how much closer must the fulcrum b. 20 times farther
c. 10 times farther
be to the stone than to his hand?
d. 20 times nearer

ANSWER

c. 104.48 degrees

DISCUSSION
By cosine law
40= 20 + 30 2(20)(30) Cos
= 104.48 degrees

a. 36

R = {(20) + (30)}
R = 36 units

c.194 lbs.

tan = 15/4
= 75.068 degrees
Fv = 0
2TCos = 100
T = 194 lbs.

b.19.47upstream

sin=4/12
= 19.47upstream

d. 50 kg

d. 20 times nearer

F inclined = 0
P = Wsin
= 100sin(30)
= 50 kg

M = 0
20(X2) = 1(X1)
X1/X2 = 20
X1 = 20X2
Thus, the fulcrum must be placed 20 times
nearer

7 What is the moment of inertia of a cylinder of radius

5m and mass of 5 kg?

a. 120 kg-m
b. 80 kg-m
c. 62.5 kg-m
d. 72.5 kg-m

8 What is the magnitude of the resultant force of the two a. 332.5N

b. 323.5N
forces 200N at 20 and 400N at 144?
c. 313.5N
d. 233.5N
9 A block weighing 500kN rest on a ramp inclined at 25 a. 121kN
b. 265kN
with the horizontal. The force tending to move the
block down the ramp is______.
c. 211kN
d. 450kN
10 A 200 kg crate impends to slide down a ramp inclined a. 612.38N
at an angle of 19.29 with the horizontal. What is the b. 628.38N
frictional resistance?
c. 648.15N
d. 654.12N
11 Assume the three force vectors intersect at a single
point. F1=4i + 2j +5k, F2=-2i + 7j -3k, F3=2i - j + 6k.
What is the magnitude of the resultant force vector,
R?

12 Assume the three force vectors intersect at a single

point. F1=i + 3j +4k, F2=2i + 7j -k, F3=-i + 4j + 2k.
What is the magnitude of the resultant force vector,
R?

13 A certain cable is suspended between two supports at

the same elevation at 500ft apart, the load is 500 lbs
per horizontal foot including the weight of the cable.
The sag of the cable is 30ft. Calculate the total length
of the cable

a. 14
b. 12
c. 13
d. 15

a. 15
b. 13.23
c. 14.73
d. 16.16

a. 503.76ft.
b. 502.76ft.
c. 504.76ft.
d. 501.76ft.

c. 62.5 kg-m

I = (1/2)mr
=(1/2)(5)(5)
I =62.5 kg-m
Where I = mass moment of inertia

a. 332.5N

By cosine Law:
R = (200) + (400) 2(200)(400)Cos(36+20)
R = 332.5N

c.211kN

c. 648.15N

F inclined = 0
P = Wsin
= 500sin(25)
= 211kN

F inclined = 0
P = Wsin
= 200(9.81)sin(19.29)
P = 648.15N

b.12

R=F1+F2+F3
=(4i + 2j +5k) + (-2i + 7j -3k) + (2i - j + 6k)
IRI={(Ai) +(Aj) +(Ak) }
IRI = {(4) +(8) +(8) }
IRI = 12 units

a. 15

R=F1+F2+F3
=(i + 3j 45k) + (2i + 7j -k) + (-i + 4j + 2k)
IRI={(Ai) +(Aj) +(Ak) }
IRI = {(2) +(14) +(5) }
IRI = 15 units

a. 504.76ft.

Let S=length of the cable

S=L+(8d/3L) - (32d^4/5L^3)
=500+{8(30)/3(500)} - {32(30)^4/5(500)^3}
S = 504.76ft.

14 An iron column of annular cross-section has an outer

diameter of 200mm and is subjected to a force of
74kN. Find the thickness of the wall if the allowable
compressive stress is 10Mpa.

a. 12.75 mm
b. 12.57mm
c. 17.75mm
d. 15.75mm

15 A force of 10N is applied to one end of a 10 inches

diameter circular rod. Calculate the stress.

a. 0.20kPa
b. 0.15kPa
c. 0.05kPa
d. 0.10kPa

16 A steel tie rod on must be made to withstand a pull of a. 0.75

5000lbs. Find the diameter of a rod assuming a factor b. 0.71
of safety of 5 and ultimate stress of 64000 psi.
c. 0.84
d. 0.79
17 Determine the outside diameter of a hollow steel tube
that will carry a tensile load of 500kN at a stress of
140Mpa. Assume the wall thickness to be one-tenth of
the outside diameter.

18 If the ultimate shear strength of a steel plate is 42000

psi, what force is necessary to punch a 0.75 inch
diameter hole in a 0.625 inch thick plate?

19 What force is required to punch a 0.5 inch hole on a

3/8 thick plate if the ultimate shearing strength of the
plate is 42,000psi.

a. 12.75mm

a. 0.20kPa

b. 0.71

a. 24,940lbs.
b. 26,620lbs.
c. 24,960lbs.
d. 24,740lbs.

d = 10in*(1ft/12in)*(1m/3.28) = 0.254m
= P/A = P/(d/4) = 10/((.254)/4)
= 197.35 Pa

=kP/A, k=factor of safety

A=kP/=(5(5000))/64000=0.3906in
A=/4 d
d=0.71in.

d. 112.4 mm

= P/A; A=P/
A= 500,000/140x10^6 = 0.00357 m
A=/4(D)-/4(D-2t)
Note: t = 0.1D
A = /4(D)-/4[D-2(0.1D)]
A = 0.2827 D
0.00357 = 0.2827 D
D = 0.1124 m.
D=112.4 m.

c. 61,850 lbs.

= P/A
P = A = (dt)
=42,000 ()(0.75)(0.625)
P = 61,850 lbs.

a. 111.3 mm
b. 109.7mm
c. 113.7mm
d. 112.4mm

a. 63,000 lbs.
b. 68,080 lbs.
c. 61,850 lbs.
d. 66,800 lbs.

= P/A
A = 75,000/10e6; A=.0075m
A=(D/4) (d/4)
0.0075= (0.2)/4 d/4
D=0.1745m.
Solving for t:
D=d+2t; 0.2 = 0.1745+2t
t = 12.75mm

d. 24,740lbs.

= P/A
P = A = (dt)
= 42,000 ()(0.5)(0.375)
P = 24,740 lbs.

20 What is the stress in a thin-walled spherical shell of

diameter D and a wall thickness t when subjected to
internal pressure?

a. S = D/t
b. S = 4D/t
c. S = D/4t
d. S = D/t

21 A single bolt is used to lap joint two steel bars

together. Tensile force on the bar is 20,000N.
Determine the diameter of the bolt required if the
allowable shearing stress is 70Mpa.

a. 17 mm
b. 18 mm
c. 19 mm
d. 20 mm

22 A cylindrical water tank is 8m in diameter and 12m

high. If the tank is to be completely filled, determine
a. 11.77 mm
the minimum thickness of the tank plating if the stress
b. 13.18 mm
is limited to 40MPa.
c. 10.25 mm
d. 12.6 mm

23 A water reservoir of 24m high and 12m in diameter is

to be completely filled with water. Find the minimum
a. 24.5 mm
thickness of the reservoir plating if the stress is limited b. 28 mm
to 50MPa.
c. 21 mm
d. 26mm

24 A solid shaft 48.2cm long is used for a transmission of

mechanical power at a rate of 37kW running at 1760 a. 30 mm
rpm. The stress is 8.13MPa. Calculate the diameter.
b. 35 mm
c. 40 mm
d. 50 mm

25 A cylindrical tank with 10 inches inside diameter

a. 11.44 mm
contains oxygen gas at 2,500 psi. Calculate the
b. 11.34 mm
required thickness in mm under a stress of 28,000 psi. c. 10.60 mm
d. 10.30 mm

c. S = D/4t

c. 19 mm

a. 11.77 mm

L = pD/4t (formula)

= P/A = P/(/4 d) , d = diameter of the

bolt
70 x 10^6 = 20000/(/4 d)
d = 0.019 m.
d = 19mm.
L = pD/2t
Note : The biggest pressure occures at the
bottom of the tank
P = h = 9810 N/m (12m) = 117.720 Pa
t = "pD" /("2" t ) = (117.720(8))/(2(40 x
10^6))= 0.01177 m.
t = 11.77 mm.

b. 28 mm

T = pD/2t
Note : The biggest pressure occurs at the
bottom of the tank
P = h = 9810 N/m^3(24m) = 235,440Pa
t = "pD" /("2S" ) = (235,440(12))/(2(50x
10^6))= 0.028m.
t = 28 mm.

d. 50 mm

P =2fT/60
37000= 2(1760)(T)
T = 200.75 N-m
T=16T/d^3
8.13x10^6=16(200.75)/ d^3
d=0.050 m.
d=50 mm.

b. 11.34 mm

T = pD/2t
28,800=2500(10)/2t
t=0.4464in(2.4cm/1in)(10mm/1cm)
t=11.34mm

26 What is the modulus of elasticity if the stress is 44,000 a. 41.905e6

b. 42.300e6
psi and unit strain of 0.00105?
c. 41.202e6
d. 43.101e6
27 A 2 inch solid shaft is driven by a 36-inch gear and
transmits power at 120rpm. If the allowable shearing
stress is 12ksi, what horsepower can be transmitted?

a. 41.905e6

E= / =44,000/0.00105
=41.905x10^6Pa

T=16T/ d^3
12,000=16T/(2)^3
T=18,849.55lb-in
P=2fT/33,000(12)
=2(120)(18,849.55)/33,000(12)
=35.89Hp

a. 29.89
b. 35.89
c. 38.89
d. 34.89

b. 35.89

28 A hollow shaft has an inner diameter of 0.035 m and a. 4500

an outer diameter of 0.06m. Compute for the torque in b. 4100
N-m, if the stress is not to exceed 120MPa.
c. 4300
d. 4150

a. 4500

T=16TD/ (D^4-d^4)
120x10^6=16T(0.06)/ (0.06)^4-(0.035)^4
T=4,500N-m

d. 380

P= 2fT/60
750,000=2(1500)T/60
T=4,774.648N-m
T=16T/ d^3
=16(4,774.648)/ (0.04)^3
=380MPa

d. 1.125e-6m^4

J=/32(D^4-d^4)
= /32(0.06)^4-(0.035)^4
J=1.125x10^-6 m^4

c. 96.88kW

T=16T/ d^3
59=16T/ (55)^3
T=1,927,391.637 N-mm(1m/1000mm)
=1,927,39N-m
P=2fT/60=2(480)(1927.39)/60
=96.8kW

d. 7.46cm

&=PL/AE -----1
S=P/A -------2
Substitute (2) in (1)
&= L/E=(172x10^6)(30)/69,116x10^6)
=0.0746m
&=7.46cm

29 Compute the nominal shear stress at the surface in

MPa for 40mm diameter shaft that transmits 750kW at a. 218
b. 312
1500rpm. Axial and bending loads are assumed
c. 232
negligible
d. 380

30 A hollow shaft has an inner diameter of 0.035 m and

an outer diameter of 0.06m. Determine the polar
moment of inertia of the hollow shaft.

31 What power would a spindle 55mm in diameter

transmit at 480rpm. Stress allowed for short shaft is
59N/mm^2

32 A 30m long aluminum bar is subjected to a tensile

stress of 172MPa. Find the elongation if
E=69,116MPa?

a. 1.512e-6m^4
b. 1.215e-6m^4
c. 1.152e-6m^4
d. 1.125e-6m^4

a. 42.12 kW
b. 50.61kW
c. 96.88kW
d. 39.21kW

a. 0.764m
b. 0.007m
c. 6.270mm
d. 7.46cm

Substitute (2) in (1)

&= L/E=(172x10^6)(30)/69,116x10^6)
=0.0746m
&=7.46cm
33 A steel wire is 4.0 m long and 2mm in diameter. How
much is it elongated by asuspended body of mass
20kg? Young's modulus for steel is 196,000MPa.

a. 1.123mm
b. 1.385mm
c. 1.374mm
d. 1.274mm

d. 1.274mm

&=PL/AE
Where: P= weight of the body
P=mg=(20x9.81)=196.2N
A= /4(d)= /4(0.002)=3.1416x10^-6m
Substitute
&=196.2(4)/(3.1416x10^-6)(196,000x10^6)
=1.274x10^-3
=1,274mm

d. 106.48Gpa

&=PL/AE
0.0186=350(10)/(/4)(0.0015)E
E=1.0648x10^11 Pa
E=106.48 GPa

&T = 1-0.99970=0.0003cm.
&T= L(t2-t1)
0.0003=1.2x10^-5(1)(t2-30)
T2=55C

34 A copper rolled wire 10 m long and 1.5mm diameter

when supporting a weight of of 350N elongates
18.6mm. Compute the value of the Young's modulus
of this wire.

a. 200GPa
b. 180.32GPa
c. 148.9GPa
d. 106.48GPa

35 A cylinder of diameter 1.0cm at 30C is to be slid into a

hole on a steel plate. The hole has a diameter of
0.99970 cm at 30C. To what temperature the plate
must be heated? Coefficient of linear expansion for
steel is 1.2e-5cm/C.

a. 62C
b. 65C
c. 48C
d. 55C

d. 55C

36 An iron steam pipe is 200ft long at 0C. What will its

increase in length when heated to 100C? Coefficient
of linear expansion 10e-6ft/C.

a. 0.18 ft
b. 0.12 ft
c. 0.28ft
d. 0.20ft

d. 0.20ft

37 What is the acceleration of a body that increases in

velocity from 20m/s to 40m/s in 3 seconds?

a. 5.0m/s
b. 6.67m/s
c. 7.00m/s
d. 8.00m/s

b. 6.67m/s

38 How far does an automobile move while its speed

increases uniformly from 15kph in 20 seconds?
a. 185m
b. 167m
c. 200m
d. 172m

b. 167m

&T= L(t2-t1)
= 10x10^-6(200)(100-30)
&T=0.20 ft.
V =Vo+ at
40=20+a(3)
a=6.67 m/s
Vo=15km/hr(100m/1km)(1hr/3600)=4.167m
/sec
V=45(1000/3600)=12.5 m/sec.
V=Vo+at
12.5=4.167+a(20)
a=0.41665m/s
S=Vot
+1/2(at)=4.167(20)+1/2(0.4166650)(20)
S=167 m.

39 From a speed of 75 kph, a car decelerates at a rate of

500m/min along a straight path. How far in meters will a.790.293m
it travel in 45 seconds?
b. 791.357m
c. 793.238m
d. 796.875m

40 A train starting at initial velocity of 30 kph travels a

distance of 21 km In 18 minutes. Determine the
acceleration of the train at this instant.

41 If a particle position is given by the expansion x(t) =

3.4t - 5.4t meters, what is the acceleration of the
particle after t=5 seconds?

a. 0.0043m/s
b. 0.0206m/s
c. 0.0865m/s
d. 0.3820m/

a. 1.02m/s
b. 102m/s
c. 3.4m/s
d. 18.1m/s

42 The distance a body travels is a function of time and is a. 36

b. 54
given by x(t) = 18t+9t. Find its velocity at t=2.
c. 24
d. 20

d. 796.875m

b. 0.0206m/s

Vo=30km/hr(1hr/3600sec)(1000/1km)=8.33
3 m/sec
S=Vot+1/2(at)
21000=8.33318(60)-1/2(a)18 (60)
a=0.0206m/s.

b. 102m/s

X=3.4t-5.4t
V=dx/dt=3(3.4)t-5.4
V=10.2t-5.4
a=dV/dt=20.4t=20.4(5)
a=102 m/s

b. 54

x= 18t + 9t
V=dx/dt=18 + 18t=18 + 18(2)
V=54m/s

b. 19.8m/s

D=20t + 5/(t+1)
V= dV/dt =20 + -5/(t+1)
=20-5/(4 + 1)
V=19.8 m/s

43 Determine the velocity of progress with the given

equation: D = 20t + 5/(t+1) when t=4 seconds.

a. 18.6m/s
b. 19.8m/s
c. 21.2m/s
d. 22.4m/s

44 A ball is dropped from a building 100m high. If the

mass of the ball is 10gm, after what time will the ball
strike the earth?

a. 4.52s
b. 4.42s
c. 5.61s
d. 2.45s

a. 4.52s

a. 50m/s
b. 28m/s
c. 19.8m/s
d. 30m/s

b. 28m/s

45 A ball is dropped from a roof of a building 40 meters

tall will hit the ground with a velocity of:

Vo=75km/hr(1000m/1km)(1hr/60min)=1250
m/min
S=Vot-1/2(at)
=1250(45/60)-1/2(500)(45/60)
S=796.875 m.

Note: Since the ball was dropped,initial

velocity of the ball is zero.
h= Vot + (gt)
100=0+1/2(9.81)t
t=4.52 seconds
V= Vo+2gh
V=0+2(9.81)(40)
V=28 m/s

46 A ball is thrown vertically upward from the ground and

a student gazing out of the window sees it moving
upward pass him at 5m/s. The window is 10m above
the ground. How high does the ball go above the
ground?

a. 15.25m
b. 14.87m
c. 9.97m
d. 11.30m

47 A ball is dropped from a height of 60 meters above the a. 2.1 s

b. 3.5 s
ground. How long does it take to hit the ground?
c. 5.5 s
d. 1.3 s
48 The muzzle velocity of a projectile 1500fps and the
distance of the target is 10 miles. The angle of
elevation of the gun must be:

a. 2159
b. 2241
c. 2433
d. 2518

49 The flywheel of a puncher is to be brought to

a. 5 turns
avomplete stop in 8 seconds from a speed of 60
revolutions per minute. Compute the number of turns b. 3 turns
the flywheel will still make if its deceleration is uniform. c. 4 turns
d. 6 turns

50 What is the speed of the synchronous earth satellite

situated 4.5e7m from the earth?

a. 11,070.0kph
b. 12,000.0kph
c. 11,777.4kph
d. 12,070.2kph

d. 11.30m

b. 3.5 s

V= V1-2gh
0=5 - 2(9.81)(h)
V=28 m/s
h=1.3m
H= 10+h
H=10+1.3
=11.3m
h=Vot + gt
60=(0)t + (9.81)t
t=3.5 s

c. 2433

R= Vosin2/g
10(5280)=(1500)sin2 /32.2
=24.54 = 24 (0.54)(60)
= 24 32.4

c. 4 turns

o = 60rev/min(1min/60s)=1 rev/s
= o- t
0=1- (8)
= 0.125 rev/s
= o-2(alpha)( )
0= 1 - 2(0.125) ()
= 4 rev. or 4 turns

c. 11,777.4kph

V = r
= 1rev/24hr(2 rad/rev)(hr/3600 s) =
7.27x10^-6 rad/s
V = (4.5x10^7)(7.27x10^-5 rad/s)
V = 3271.5m/s (1km/1000m) (3600 s/ 1hr)
V=11.777.4 kph