Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1
^150
a
UJ
z
m
100
Q
UJ
CD
QC
O
v> 50
CO
<
0
I
A
B
c -
_ D
-
STRAIN
I
I
~
AGED
I
I I I I
Charpy-V
/
yS7
/ / / /
/ / /
i'
f
/
nil -
/ ii/
' y
i i i i
- 3 0
- 80 - 60 - 40 - 20 0 20
TEST TEMPERATURE ,C .
Fig. 21Charpy V-notch impact results (strain aged)
- 2 0
E
f
a
j *
- 1 0
2 5 0
200
Charpy-V
30
20
E
I-
Q.
10
10 T5
MANGANESE IN WELD ,5
Fig. 22Effect of manganese (Ch V, strain aged).
was such t hat deposi t D ex hi bi t ed t he
best i mpact pr oper t i es, t he o p t i mu m
bei ng di spl aced away f r o m t he pr e-
vi ous l evel of 1.5% Mn .
The pr esent wo r k is consi der ed as an
i ni t i al st ep f or t he ul t i mat e under -
st andi ng of t he r ol e of mi cr ost r uct ur e
i n mul t i - r un manual met al arc depos-
its. Event ual l y, it is i nt ended t o add
al l oyi ng el ement s, e.g., Mo , Ni and Cr,
t o t he f our di f f er ent manganese l evel s
and eval uat e t he changes i n st r uct ur e
and pr oper t i es. Fi rst l y, howev er , it is
f el t t hat f ur t her wo r k s houl d be c o n -
duc t ed on t he C- Mn syst em so as t o
appr eci at e t he part pl ayed by car bi de
di s t r i but i on and mo r p h o l o g y . To f aci l i -
t at e t hi s, it is i nt ended t o st udy t he
f our we l d me n t s i n t he nor mal i z ed and
n o r ma l i z e d - a n d - t e mp e r e d c ondi t i ons .
Conc l us i ons
For I SO 2560 we l d me n t s deposi t ed
at 1 k j / mm wi t h basi c el ect r odes of a
speci f i c sl ag-base t ype, t he f o l l o wi n g
c onc l us i ons appl i ed:
1. I ncr easi ng manganese, i n t he
r ange 0.6 t o 1.8%, i ncr eased t he
a mo u n t of aci cul ar f er r i t e i n as- depos-
i t ed we l d met al and decr eased t he
a mo u n t of pr o- eut ec t oi d f er r i t e and
i nt er medi at e c o mp o n e n t .
2. I ncr easi ng manganese r ef i ned t he
aci cul ar f er r i t e i n t he as- deposi t ed
we l d met al .
3. I ncr easi ng manganese r ef i ned t he
coarse gr ai ned r egi on of t he heat -
af f ect ed we l d met al .
4. I ncr easi ng manganese r educed
t he gr ai n si ze of t he equi axed f i ne
gr ai ned z one of t he heat - af f ect ed
we l d met al .
Table 7-Ef f ect of Strain
Electrode
A
B
C
D
Temp.
AW
- 2 7
- 4 4
- 53
- 43
Agi ng
C at 100 J
SR
+ 5
- 5
- 12
- 19
(at 100 ))<*'
Di spl ace-
ment
C><"
+ 32
+ 39
+ 41
+ 24
181
AWas-welded; SRstress-relieved.
""F = (9/5)C + 32
5. The yi el d and t ensi l e st r engt hs of
t he deposi t s i ncr eased by appr ox i -
mat el y 10 N / mm
2
per 0. 1% i ncr ease of
manganese.
6. Char py V- n o t c h , Schnadt (K,, and
B
0
) and C O D tests gr aded t he test
wel ds i n t he same r el at i ve or der .
7. The o p t i mu m i mpact pr oper t i es
of as- wel ded and st r ess- r el i eved de-
posi t s wer e at t ai ned at 1.5% Mn , d u e
t o t he c o mp e t i t i v e i nf l uence of yi el d
st r engt h and mi cr ost r uct ur e.
8. St rai n agi ng embr i t t l ed t he de-
posi t s and c hanged t he r el at i ve or der
such t hat o p t i mu m i mpac t pr oper t i es
wer e achi eved at a hi gher manganese
c ont ent .
Ac/cnow/ec/gments
The aut hor wi shes t o express hi s
t hanks t o t he staff of t he We l d i n g
I nst i t ut e f or c o n d u c t i n g par t of t he
met al l ogr aphi c wor k under cont r act .
In par t i cul ar , t hanks are ext ended t o
Dr. R. E. Do l b y f or super vi si ng t he
st udi es.
References
1. Davey, T. G., and Wi dgery, D. )., " A
Techni que for the Characterisation of Wel d
Metal Mi crost ruct ures, " IIW Doc. II-A-389-
76.
2. " Det er mi nat i on of Hydrogen in Wel d
Met al , " ISO 3690.
3. Schnadt, H. M., and Li enhard, E. W
"Experi ment al Investi gati on of the Sharp
Not ch Behaviour of 60 Steels at Di fferent
Temperatures and Strain Rates," IIW Doc.
IX-348-63.
4. "Bri ti sh Standard Draft for Devel op-
ment on Met hods f or COD Test i ng, " DD
19:1972.
5. Garl and, |. G., and Ki r kwood, P. R.,
"The Not ch Toughness of Submerged Arc
Wel d Metal in Mi cr o- Al l oyed Structural
Steels," IIW Doc. IX-892-74.
6. Tul i ani , S. S., "The Role of Manganese
in Mi l d Steel Submerged Arc Wel d Met al , "
Internat. Conf. on Wel di ng Research,
CEGB, Mar chwood, Engl and, Sept. 1972.
7. Baach, H., " Dependence of Mechan-
ical Properties on the Number of Layers
duri ng Submerged Arc Wel di ng, OERLI-
KON Schwei ssmi ttei l ungen No. 54 (1965),
pp. 16-24.
8. Stout, R. D., McLaughi n, P. F and
Strunk, S. S., "Heat Treatment Effects of
Multi-Pass Wel ds, " Welding Journal, 48(4),
Apri l 1969, Research SuppE, pp. 155-s to
160-s.
9. Rees, W. P., Hopki ns, B. E and Ti pl er,
H. R., "Tensi l e and Impact Properties of Iron
and Some Iron Al l oys of High Puri ty," J.I.S.L,
169 (1951), pp. 157-168.
10. Brain, A. G., and Smi t h, A. A.,
Mechani cal Properties of CO., Wel d Met al ,
Brit. Weld. /., 9 (1962), pp. 669-677.
11. Nakayama, O., Nakana, H., and Tashi-
ko, H., "The Effects of Al l oyi ng E lements on
Stress Corrosi on and Mechani cal Properties
of Wel d Metal s in Arc Wel di ng wi t h Cov-
ered El ectrodes," The Welding World, 20
(1968), p. 509.
12. Szczepanski, M The Brittleness of
Steel, L Wi l ey and Sons, New York, 1963,
p. 104.
WELDI NG RESEARCH SUPPLEMENT I 75-s