ZTE UMTS KPI Optimization Analysis Guide V1 1 1

UMTS KPI Optimization
Analysis Guide
V1.1
UMTS KPI Optimization Analysis Guide Internal Use Only
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!T" #on$idential Proprietary % &01& !T" #O'PO'ATIO() All ri*+ts reser,ed) I
!e$ision %isto&y
P&odu't Ve&sion (o'ument Ve&sion Se&ial Num)e& !eason *o& !e$ision
-1)0 .irst pu/lis+ed
-1)1 #ontent modi$i0ation
Aut+o&
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P&epa&ed
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!T" #on$idential Proprietary % &01& !T" #O'PO'ATIO() All ri*+ts reser,ed) II
Key -o&ds.
KPI 67ey per$orman0e indi0ator85 indi0ator de$inition5 $ormula5 KPI monitorin* $lo95 KPI
optimization5 KPI 0lassi$i0ation
A)st&a't.
T+is *uide mainly des0ri/es t+e $ormulae5 KPI 0lassi$i0ation5 KPI monitorin* met+ods and
$lo9s5 and KPI optimization met+ods)
A))&e$iations
A))&e$iation ull name
ATM Asyn0+ronous Trans$er Mode
#:' #all :rop 'ate
#" #+annel "lement
#( #ore (et9or7
#PI#; #ommon Pilot #+annel
#2I #+annel 2uality Indi0ator
#2T #all 2uality Test
:T :ri,e Test
"1:#; "n+an0ed uplin7 :edi0ated #+annel
;S:PA ;i*+ Speed :o9nlin7 Pa07et A00ess
;S1:S#; ;i*+ Speed :o9nlin7 S+ared #+annel
;S1S##; ;i*+ Speed S+ared #ontrol #+annel
;SUPA ;i*+ Speed Uplin7 Pa07et A00ess
I#MP Internet #ontrol Messa*e Proto0ol
IP Internet Proto0ols
IPoA Internet Proto0ols O,er ATM
KPI Key Per$orman0e Inde<
=A( =o0al Area (et9or7
MA# Media A00ess #ontrol
M>MS
Multimedia >road0ast and Multi0ast
Ser,i0e
(ode> (ode >
OM# Operation ? maintenan0e #entre
P:P Pa07et data proto0ol
PI Per$orman0e Inde<
PPP Point to Point Proto0ol
PS Pa07et1S9it0+ed domain
2oS 2uality o$ Ser,i0e
'A> 'adio A00ess >earer
!T" #on$idential Proprietary % &01& !T" #O'PO'ATIO() All ri*+ts reser,ed) III
A))&e$iation ull name
'. 'adio .re@uen0y
'(# 'adio (et9or7 #ontroller
''# 'adio 'esour0e #ontrol
''U 'adio 'emote Unit
'S#P 'e0ei,ed Si*nal #ode Po9er
'T4P 'e0ei,ed Total 4ide/and Po9er
SAA= Si*nalin* ATM Adaptation =ayer
S##P Si*nalin* #onne0tion #ontrol Part
S(' Si*nal to (oise 'atio
T> Transport >lo07
T#P Trans$er #ontrol Proto0ol
U:P User :ata*ram Proto0ol
U" User "@uipment
-IP -ery Important People
-P -ideo P+one
4A( 4ide Area (et9or7
!T" #on$idential Proprietary % &01& !T" #O'PO'ATIO() All ri*+ts reser,ed) I-
A)out T+is (o'ument
Summa&y
#+apte& (es'&iption
1 O,er,ie9 >rie$ introdu0tion to KPI optimization
& KPI Monitorin* Pro0ess KPI monitorin* pro0ess
A KPI Analysis Met+ods #ommon KPI analysis met+ods5 /asi0 KPI analysis s7ills5
and *eneral pro0ess $or KPI optimization analysis
B KPI Optimization Analysis KPI Optimization Analysis on #S 0all drops5 PS 0all drops5
a00essi/ility indi0ators5 mo/ility indi0ators5 and resour0e
indi0ators
!T" #on$idential Proprietary % &01& !T" #O'PO'ATIO() All ri*+ts reser,ed) -
TA>=" O. #O(T"(TS
1 O$e&$ie, 1
/ KPI Monito&in0 P&o'ess ................................................................................................ /
&)1 KPI Monitorin* Pro0ess )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) &
&)& 'outine KPI Monitorin* Pro0ess )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) &
&)A KPI Monitorin* Pro0ess :urin* Parameter Modi$i0ation ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) B
&)B KPI Monitorin* :urin* '(# or (ode> -ersion Up*rade )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 5
&)5 KPI Monitorin* :urin* #uto,er )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) C
1 KPI Analysis Met+ods ................................................................................................... 2
A)1 KPI Analysis Met+ods )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) C
A)1)1 TOP ( 4orst #ells Met+od )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))
A)& >asi0 KPI Analysis S7ills )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 10
A)&)1 KPI Monitorin* Tools ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 11
A)&)& KPI Analysis Tools ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 11
A)A General Pro0ess o$ KPI Optimization Analysis )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 1&
3 KPI Optimization Analysis .......................................................................................... 12
B)1 #S #all :rop Optimization )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 1C
B)1)1 :e$inition o$ #all :rop )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 1C
B)1)& #S #all :rop Analysis .lo90+art )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 1
B)& PS #all :rop Optimization )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 1D
B)&)1 Optimization .lo90+art )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 1D
B)A Optimization o$ A00essi/ility Indi0ators )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) &1
B)A)1 :e$inition o$ A00ess .ailure ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) &1
B)A)& Analysis on ''# #onne0tion .ailures )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) &&
B)A)A Analysis on 'A>E'> Setup .ailures ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) &
B)B Optimization o$ Mo/ility Indi0ators ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) AA
B)B)1 Optimization o$ So$t ;ando,ers )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) AA
B)B)& Optimization o$ ;ard ;ando,ers ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) AD
B)B)A Optimization o$ Inter1'AT ;ando,ers ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) BB
B)5 Optimization o$ 'esour0e Indi0ators )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) B8
B)5)1 'esour0e Indi0ator Optimization .lo90+art )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) BD
B)5)& #ode 'esour0e Optimization )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 51
B)5)A Monitorin* #" 'esour0e ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 51
B)5)B Optimization o$ Po9er #ontrol )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 5&
B)5)5 Speedin* up 'ate :o9n*rade )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 5&
B)5)C Monitorin* and Optimizin* Uplin7 #apa0ity )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 5&
B)5) Optimization o$ Uplin7 #apa0ity at t+e 4+ole (et9or7 =e,el )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 5A
B)5)8 Optimization o$ Uplin7 #apa0ity $or a Sin*le #ell ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 5A
!T" #on$idential Proprietary % &01& !T" #O'PO'ATIO() All ri*+ts reser,ed) -I
.IGU'"S
i0u&e 141 5oint KPI analysis...........................................................................................1
i0u&e /4/ !outine KPI monito&in0 p&o'ess.................................................................../
i0u&e /41 KPI monito&in0 p&o'ess du&in0 pa&amete& modi*i'ation.............................3
i0u&e /43 KPI monito&in0 ,o&6*lo, du&in0 !N# o& Node7 $e&sion up0&ade.............8
i0u&e 148 ! 'on*i0u&ation at %I# site...........................................................................9
i0u&e 142 Antenna ene&0y dist&i)ution at %I# site........................................................9
i0u&e 14: KPI optimization analysis p&o'ess .............................................................18
i0u&e 349 #S 'all d&op analysis *lo,'+a&t...................................................................1:
i0u&e 34; PS 'all d&op optimization *lo,'+a&t............................................................1;
i0u&e 341< Analysis *lo,'+a&t o* !!# 'onne'tion setup *ailu&es............................./1
i0u&e 3411 Analysis *lo,'+a&t o* !A7 setup *ailu&es................................................./9
i0u&e 341/ So*t +ando$e& optimization *lo,'+a&t.......................................................13
i0u&e 3411 %a&d +ando$e& optimization *lo,'+a&t......................................................31
i0u&e 3413 Inte&4!AT +ando$e& optimization *lo,'+a&t..............................................32
i0u&e 3418 !esou&'e indi'ato& optimization *lo,'+a&t...............................................3;
TA>="S
!T" #on$idential Proprietary % &01& !T" #O'PO'ATIO() All ri*+ts reser,ed) -II
Ta)le 141 List o* #S TOP N -o&st #ells..........................................................................:
Ta)le 14/ Indi'ato&s !elated ,it+ #S #all (&op..............................................................;
Ta)le 341 Pa&amete&s T+at /G S+all P&o$ide to 1G......................................................33
Ta)le 343 Pa&amete&s T+at 1G S+all P&o$ide to /G......................................................33
Ta)le 348 !esou&'e KPIs and Ala&m T+&es+olds..........................................................39
Ta)le 342 Ad=ustin0 #ode !esou&'e Allo'ation............................................................81
Ta)le 34: E>ample o* Pa&amete& Modi*i'ation *o& !ate (o,n0&ade...........................8/
Ta)le 349 E>ample o* Po,e& #ont&ol Pa&amete& Modi*i'ation.....................................81
Ta)le 34; E>ample o* Po,e& #ont&ol Pa&amete& Modi*i'ation *o& %ea$y4T&a**i' #ell 81
!T" #on$idential Proprietary % &01& !T" #O'PO'ATIO() All ri*+ts reser,ed) -III
1 O$e&$ie,
T+e radio net9or7 KPIs dire0tly re$le0t t+e net9or7 @uality5 and KPI monitorin* is an
important means to lo0ate t+e $aults) KPI monitorin* and optimization are mostly
per$ormed durin* t+e net9or7 operation and maintenan0e sta*e) A/normal e,ents are
supposed to /e dete0ted as early as possi/le and +andled 9it+ proper solutions so t+at
sound ,oi0e and data ser,i0es 0an /e ensured $or t+e su/s0ri/ers)
At t+e /e*innin* o$ t+e net9or7 0onstru0tion5 t+e optimization team s+ould put more
emp+asis on t+e '. adFustment rat+er t+an t+e optimization o$ KPIs e<0ept $or #S 0all
drop rate5 t+e PS 0all drop rate5 and t+e 'T4P indi0ator) :urin* t+e net9or7 operation
and maintenan0e sta*e5 KPI optimization 6also 0alled parameter optimization8 plays t+e
main role5 t+at is5 t+e optimization team s+ould optimize a 0ertain indi0ator t+rou*+
inte*rated parameter adFustment so as to meet t+e 0ustomerGs re@uirements)
KPI data 0omes $rom (et(umenTA15 t+e net9or7 mana*ement system in t+e operation
and maintenan0e 0enter 6OM#8) >ased on t+e analysis on KPIs5 t+e 0urrent states o$
t+ose indi0ators are learned and t+ey are important re$eren0e $or assessin* t+e net9or7
per$orman0e) T+e KPIs in0lude t+e net9or7 ser,i0e retainin* 0apa0ity5 a00essi/ility5
mo/ility5 system 0apa0ity5 and so on) A00ordin* to t+e 0urrent ,alues o$ t+ese indi0ators5
$or e<ample5 some site +as 0on*estion5 some site +as a 0all drop rate o$ 10H5 or some
'(# +as a 0ertain 9orst 0ell proportion5 /usy 0ell proportion5 0ell 0ode resour0e
a,aila/ility5 a00ess su00ess rate5 0all delay and +ando,er su00ess rate5 t+e optimization
team s+ould Fud*e and lo0ate t+e area5 s0ope and se,erity o$ t+e $ault)
KPIs are di,ided into ser,i0e KPIs and net9or7 KPIs /y t+e statisti0 sour0es) Ser,i0e KPIs
are 0olle0ted t+rou*+ $ield dri,e tests 6:Ts8 9+ile net9or7 KPIs are 0olle0ted $rom t+e
uni$ied net9or7 mana*ement system) T+is arti0le mainly dis0usses t+e analysis on
net9or7 KPIs) Usually5 t+e $inal solution is made /ased on t+e Foint analysis on t+e OM#
KPI data5 alarms5 su/s0ri/ersG 0omplaints5 and :T results)
.i*ure 111 3oint KPI analysis
!T" #on$idential Proprietary % &01& !T" #O'PO'ATIO() All ri*+ts reser,ed) 1
;and to
'?: dept) or
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/ KPI Monito&in0 P&o'ess
T+e purpose o$ KPI monitorin* is to $ind out a/normal e,ents t+at a$$e0t ser,i0es as 9ell
as su/s0ri/ersG per0eption and sol,e t+e pro/lems as early as possi/le) .or instan0e5 i$
t+e 0all drop rate at a 0ertain site *oes o,er 50H5 9e need to $ind t+e pro/lem and 9or7
out t+e solution in t+e earliest time)
As it is ,ery ur*ent and important to lo0ate KPI pro/lems5 9e need a 9+ole set o$ s0ienti$i0
KPI monitorin* me0+anism and pro/lem s+ootin* pro0ess5 as 9ell as appropriate
monitorin* tool and analysis tool to +elp us $ind t+e 0all drops 0aused /y transmission
pro/lems5 resour0e 0on*estion5 0ells ser,i0e interruption5 serious inter$eren0e5 +ard9are
$ault 9it+ (ode>5 9ron* 0on$i*uration o$ '(# parameters in time)
4e 0lassi$y KPI monitorin* into $our 0ate*oriesI routine KPI monitorin*5 KPI monitorin*
durin* t+e pro0ess o$ parameter modi$i0ation5 KPI monitorin* durin* t+e '(# or (ode>
,ersion up*rade5 and KPI monitorin* durin* t+e pro0ess o$ 0uto,er) 'outine KPI
monitorin* s+ould /e per$ormed e,ery day and /e re0orded in a KPI daily report5 9+i0+
s+ould in,ol,e t+e 9orst #S 0ell5 t+e 9orst PS 0ell5 t+e 0ell 9it+ t+e lo9est ''#
0onne0tion rate5 t+e 0ell 9it+ t+e most serious resour0e limit5 and so on)
/.1 KPI Monito&in0 P&o'ess
KPI monitorin* $alls into $our 0ate*oriesI routine KPI monitorin*5 KPI monitorin* durin* t+e
pro0ess o$ parameter modi$i0ation5 KPI monitorin* durin* t+e ,ersion up*rade o$ '(# or
(ode>5 and KPI monitorin* durin* t+e pro0ess o$ 0uto,er) "a0+ type o$ monitorin* +as its
o9n monitorin* items and output $orm) .or instan0e5 t+e output o$ t+e routine KPI
monitorin* s+ould /e a daily report5 9+ile t+e output o$ ot+er KPI monitorin* types s+ould
/e a KPI 0omparison report) :i$$erent types o$ KPI monitorin* s+ould +a,e di$$erent time
*ranularities a00ordin* to t+e re@uirement o$ pro/lem lo0ation)
'outine KPI monitorin* s+ould /e done persistently and /e re0orded in a daily report5
9+i0+ s+ould in0lude a 0olle0tion o$ t+e 0ells 9orst in di$$erent aspe0ts5 and /e sent to
rele,ant person /y email)
/./ !outine KPI Monito&in0 P&o'ess
.i*ure &1& 'outine KPI monitorin* pro0ess
!T" #on$idential Proprietary % &01& !T" #O'PO'ATIO() All ri*+ts reser,ed) &
;and to
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ser,i0e dept)

!T" #on$idential Proprietary % &01& !T" #O'PO'ATIO() All ri*+ts reser,ed) A
Parameter pro/lem
;and to t+e plannin*
personnel
#lassi$i0atio
n o$ t+e
9orst 0ells
Pro/lem +andlin*
team 0lassi$ies5
0olle0ts and lo0ates
t+e 9orst 0ells
;and to t+e
net9or7
optimization
personnel
;and to
'?: dept) or
0ustomer
ser,i0e dept)
Send email in $i<ed

$ormat to rele,ant
personnel
#o,era*e pro/lem
"@uipmentE
,ersion
pro/lem
(et9or7 KPI
monitorin*
15 minutes time
*ranularity
S0reen out t+e
9orst 0ells 9it+
KPI tool
"MS e<ports t+e
one1day *ranularity
o$ t+e 9+ole
net9or7
Output KPI daily
report in "<0el
/.1 KPI Monito&in0 P&o'ess (u&in0 Pa&amete&
Modi*i'ation
.i*ure &1A KPI monitorin* pro0ess durin* parameter modi$i0ation
Old parameter
0on$i*uration
#on$i*ure data
a00ordin* to t+e
9or7s+eet
(et9or7 KPI
monitorin* 6151
minute *ranularity8
4+et+er t+e
KPIs at t+e
'(# le,el are
normal)
Keep on
monitorin* 6151
minute *ranularity8
Output a report in
4ord 6+ourly
*ranularity KPIs
/e$ore and a$ter
t+e parameter
modi$i0ation8
"nd
Jes
(oti$y t+e person
in 0+ar*e /y mail
or p+one
'oll/a07 or
notK
=o0ate t+e 9orst
0ells5 and 0+e07 i$
t+ey are 0aused
/y t+e parameter
modi$i0ation)
(o
Jes
(o
!T" #on$idential Proprietary % &01& !T" #O'PO'ATIO() All ri*+ts reser,ed) B
(et9or7 KPI
monitorin*
15 minutes time
*ranularity
/.3 KPI Monito&in0 (u&in0 !N# o& Node7 Ve&sion
Up0&ade
.i*ure &1B KPI monitorin* 9or7$lo9 durin* '(# or (ode> ,ersion up*rade
Jes
(o
(o
"nd
=o0ate t+e 9orst
0ells) :etermine
9+et+er t+ey are
related 9it+ t+e
,ersion update)
Jes
(et9or7 KPI
monitorin*
15 minutes time
*ranularity
"<e0ute t+e
9or7s+eet to
up*rade ,ersion
Output $ormal 4ord report
6#ompare t+e +ourly
*ranularity KPIs /e$ore and
a$ter t+e parameter
modi$i0ation5 and output t+e
result e,ery +our)8
4+et+er t+e
'(#1le,el
KPI is
normal
Keep on monitorin*
615 minutes
*ranularity8
Send mail to or
0all t+e person
in 0+ar*e
'oll/a07 or
not
#urrent ,ersion
/.8 KPI Monito&in0 (u&in0 #uto$e&
.or t+e net9or7 on 9+i0+ t+e e@uipment needs to /e repla0ed 6$or instan0e5 ;on*Kon*
#S= net9or75 $or 9+i0+ 9e repla0ed (o7iaGs e@uipment 9it+ !T"Gs85 a$ter t+e net9or7
optimization is 0ompleted5 t+e su/s0ri/ers on t+e e<istin* net9or7 s+ould /e 0ut o,er to
our net9or7 *radually) :urin* t+e 0uto,er5 t+ere 9ill /e su/s0ri/ers re*isterin* on our
net9or7 0onstantly5 9+i0+ 9ill 0ause load in0rease on t+e net9or7) In t+is 0ase5 9e s+ould
9at0+ KPI 0+an*es 0losely) T+e monitorin* pro0ess5 items5 met+od and report are t+e
same as t+ose des0ri/ed in se0tion &)B5 LKPI Monitorin* :urin* '(# or (ode> -ersion
Up*rade)M Please read it $or re$eren0e)
1 KPI Analysis Met+ods
1.1 KPI Analysis Met+ods
:i$$erent net9or7 pro/lems re@uire di$$erent per$orman0e analysis met+ods) #+oose one
or more appropriate met+ods a$ter learnin* t+e runnin* state o$ t+e e<istin* net9or7 and
t+e pro/lems 9it+ it) #ommon analysis met+ods are as $ollo9sI
TOP ( 9orst 0ells met+odI >ased on t+e tra$$i0 statisti0s indi0ators 9e 0are a/out 6su0+
as t+e 0all drop rate5 0onne0tion rate5 and so$t +ando$$ $ailure rate85 0+oose ( 9orst 0ells
9+ose a,era*e indi0ator ,alues in t+e pea7 +ours or o$ t+e 9+ole day are t+e lo9est as
t+e tar*et o$ $ault analysis and optimization) Or prioritize o/Fe0ts o$ optimization a*ainst
t+ese indi0ator ,alues)
Time tenden0y 0+art met+odI Tenden0y 0+art o$ indi0ator 0+an*e is 0ommonly used in t+e
tra$$i0 analysis) T+e analysis en*ineer 0an 9or7 out an +ourly5 daily or 9ee7ly tenden0y
0+art o$ one or more indi0ators o$ t+e 9+ole net9or75 a 0luster5 or a sin*le 0ell5 and $ind
out t+e 0+an*e rule o$ tra$$i0 statisti0s indi0ators)
'e*ional lo0ation met+odI T+e 0+an*e o$ net9or7 per$orman0e indi0ators o$ten o00urs in
some re*ions) T+e indi0ators in t+ese re*ions may /e 9orsened /y tra$$i0 in0rease5 tra$$i0
mode 0+an*e5 radio en,ironment 0+an*e5 $aults 9it+ a small num/er o$ stations5 or
uplin7Edo9nlin7 inter$eren0e5 9+i0+ 9ill t+ere$ore a$$e0t t+e per$orman0e indi0ators o$ t+e
9+ole net9or7) >y 0omparin* t+e net9or7 per$orman0e indi0ators /e$ore and a$ter t+e
0+an*e5 9e 0an mar7 out t+e station or t+e se0tor 9it+ t+e *reatest indi0ator 0+an*e on an
ele0troni0 map5 and ta7e t+ese pro/lem re*ions as t+e analysis $o0us)
#omparison met+odI A sin*le tra$$i0 statisti0s indi0ator may /e a$$e0ted /y many $a0tors)
4+ile some $a0tors 0+an*e5 ot+ers may not) #+oose a proper o/Fe0t $or 0omparison to
0on$irm t+e e<isten0e o$ pro/lems5 and t+en analyze t+e 0auses o$ t+e pro/lems) 4+en
e<aminin* an indi0ator5 do not 0are 9+et+er t+e a/solute indi0ator ,alue is +i*+ or lo9
only5 pay more attention to 9+et+er t+e ,alue is +i*+ or lo9 0ompared to ot+er indi0ators
instead)
!T" #on$idential Proprietary % &01& !T" #O'PO'ATIO() All ri*+ts reser,ed) C
1.1.1 TOP N -o&st #ells Met+od
:urin* t+e 9+ole pro0ess o$ KPI optimization analysis5 TOP ( 9orst 0ells analysis met+od
is t+e most e$$e0ti,e one5 9+i0+ 0an /e used t+rou*+out t+e 9+ole optimization p+ase) >y
$o0usin* on t+e TOP ( 9orst 0ells5 you 0an sol,e t+e maFor pro/lems 9it+ t+e net9or7)
A/normal 0all drop e,ents may +appen e,ery day5 and t+ese e,ents may represent
pro/lems o$ a 7ind) A$ter sol,in* t+e pro/lems 9it+ TOP ( 0ells5 you 0an sol,e t+e
pro/lems o$ t+e same 7ind) T+ere$ore5 $o0usin* on TOP ( 0ells is one o$ t+e most
e$$e0ti,e 9ays to sol,e pro/lems)
TOP ( 9orst 0ells analysis met+od is appli0a/le to t+e optimization analysis o$ all t+e
indi0ators) #+oose TOP ( 9orst 0ells a00ordin* to a 0ertain t+res+old5 9+i0+ ,aries
dependin* on di$$erent indi0ators) ( stands $or t+e num/er o$ t+e 9orst 0ells) 4+en t+e
9orst 0ells are too many to /e 9or7ed on5 t+e num/er o$ t+e 9orst 0ells 0an /e de0reased
so t+at you 0an $o0us on t+em) TOP ( 0ells analysis met+od in0ludes t+e $ollo9in* stepsI
Step 1I S0reen out TOP ( 0ells a00ordin* to t+e 0ondition o$ t+e indi0ators you 0are
a/out)
Step &I #ondu0t a +ealt+ 0+e07 $or TOP ( 0ells) #+e07 9+et+er t+ere are any pro/lems
9it+ transmission or /oards5 and 0+e07 9+et+er t+e 9orst 0ells are 0aused /y e<ternal
a/rupt in0idents5 su0+ as terri/le 9eat+er5 *at+erin*s5 or +oliday 6/e0ause durin*
*at+erin*s and +olidays t+e tra$$i0 is usually +ea,y8)
Step AI #+e07 t+e radio parameters 0on$i*uration o$ t+ese 0ells5 t+e radius o$ t+ese 0ells
and t+eir nei*+/orin* 0ells5 and 0ompare t+em 9it+ t+e normal 0ells)
Step BI "<port t+e indi0ator rele,ant most 0losely 9it+ t+e indi0ators you 0are a/out and
analyze it to $ind t+e pro/lem indire0tly)
.or instan0e5 one day5 #S 0all drop rate o$ a 9+ole net9or7 9as +i*+) 4e analyzed t+e
pro/lem /y t+e TOP ( 0ells analysis met+od)
Step 1I S0reen out TOP ( 0ells a00ordin* to t+e 0ondition o$ t+e indi0ators you 0are
a/out)
4e used t+e #(O KPI analysis $un0tion to s0reen out TOP ( 0ells 6ot+er tools 0an /e also
used85 and sele0ted 10 0ells 9it+ t+e +i*+est #S 0all drop rate)
Ta/le A11 =ist o$ #S TOP ( 4orst #ells
Inde> #ell !NS su)net I( #ell I(
#all d&op
&ate? #S AM!
Num)e& o* 'all
d&op? $oi'e
1 !>=1U1AI11 6&018 1&D11 B1)58H 55A
& !>=1U1AI1A 6&018 1&D1A AD)55H 5B5
A
;K"1U15;1
1
6&0A8 A0BC1 15)5CH A0
!T" #on$idential Proprietary % &01& !T" #O'PO'ATIO() All ri*+ts reser,ed)
Inde> #ell !NS su)net I( #ell I(
#all d&op
&ate? #S AM!
Num)e& o* 'all
d&op? $oi'e
B
;K"1U15;1
A
6&0A8 A0BCA 15)81H AC0
5
=AK1U1DM1
A
6&0&8 110CA A)ADH &8&
C ;I#1U1D'11 '(#10161018 108D1 &)&CH &1C
=AK1U1DM1
1
6&0&8 110C1 &)BDH &15
8
">P1U1D'1
A
'(#10161018 1&8&A &)A0H &05
D
S'S1U15;1
1
'(#10&1
#S=610&8
1&0D1 A)D&H 1CD
10
;'M1U1C'1
1
'(#10&1
#S=610&8
&0C1 A)B1H 1C
Step &I #+e07 t+e transmission and +ard9are o$ t+e TOP ( 0ells and 0+e07 9+et+er t+ey
are 0aused /y e<ternal a/rupt in0idents5 su0+ as terri/le 9+et+er5 *at+erin*s5 or +olidays
9+en tra$$i0 is usually +ea,y)
And t+en5 9e 0ondu0ted a +ealt+ 0+e07 $or ea0+ 0ell and paid attention to routine alarms
and >P# /oard pro/lems) 4e $ound t+ere 9ere /ro7en asso0iations in some ;K" sites)
Step AI #+e07 t+e radio parameters 0on$i*uration o$ t+ese 0ells5 t+e radius o$ t+ese 0ells
and t+eir nei*+/orin* 0ells5 and 0ompare t+em 9it+ t+e normal 0ells)
618Pro/lem 9it+ t+e 0ell radiusI A$ter t+e 0+e075 9e $ound t+e 0ell radius o$ t+e =AK site
9as &)5 7m) >e0ause t+e =AK site 9as situated /y t+e sea and t+e antenna 9as pla0ed
,ery +i*+5 t+e radius o$ &)5 7m 9as $ar $rom enou*+) So 9e 0+an*ed t+e 0ell radius to 10
7m5 and t+e pro/lem o$ +i*+ 0all drop rate 9as t+us sol,ed)
6&8Pro/lem 9it+ 0on$i*urationI ;I# site is an indoor POI site) T+e ''U '<T< port and t+e
''U '< port 9ere 0on$i*ured re,ersely5 9+i0+ is t+e 0ause o$ +i*+ 0all drop rate) A$ter
modi$yin* ;I#5 9e $ound t+at si*nals o$ t+e se0ond ''U 9ere re0ei,ed /y t+e '< port) So
9e 0+an*ed t+e 0on$i*uration o$ t+e '<T< port and t+e '< port5 t+e pro/lem o$ +i*+ 0all
drop rate 9as t+us sol,ed)
.i*ure A15 '. 0on$i*uration at ;I# site
.i*ure A1C Antenna ener*y distri/ution at ;I# site
Step BI "<port t+e indi0ator rele,ant most 0losely 9it+ t+e indi0ators you 0are a/out and
analyze it to $ind t+e pro/lem indire0tly)
Ta/le A1& Indi0ators 'elated 9it+ #S #all :rop
Inde> #ell
!A7 &elease
num)e& *o& Iu
'onne'tion
&elease &e@uest
)y UT!AN *o&
#S domain in
'ell? &adio
'onne'tion
,it+ UE lost
!A7 &elease
num)e& *o& Iu
'onne'tion
&elease &e@uest
)y UT!AN *o&
#S domain in
'ell? *ailu&e in
t+e &adio
Inte&*a'e
p&o'edu&e
!A7 &elease
num)e& *o& Iu
'onne'tion
&elease
&e@uest )y
UT!AN *o& #S
domain in
'ell? &elease
due to
o$e&load
'ont&ol
!A7 &elease
num)e& *o& Iu
'onne'tion
&elease
&e@uest )y
UT!AN *o& #S
domain in
'ell?
unspe'i*ied
*ailu&e
A$e&a0e
'ell *&e@
!T-P
Ad)mB
1
!>=1U1
AI11
B8& BA 0 &D 110B)1
&
!>=1U1
AI1A
BA B0 0 AA 110B)1&5
A
;K"1U1
5;11
ABC 1C 0 8 1105)D08
B
;K"1U1
5;1A
AA0 18 0 1A 110C)0
5
=AK1U1
DM1A
CD 1DC 0 18 110A)1D0C
C
;I#1U1
D'11
100 100 0 1C 1101)5B0B
=AK1U1 CB 1A1 0 &0 110A)1DAB
!T" #on$idential Proprietary % &01& !T" #O'PO'ATIO() All ri*+ts reser,ed) D
Inde> #ell
!A7 &elease
num)e& *o& Iu
'onne'tion
&elease &e@uest
)y UT!AN *o&
#S domain in
'ell? &adio
'onne'tion
,it+ UE lost
!A7 &elease
num)e& *o& Iu
'onne'tion
&elease &e@uest
)y UT!AN *o&
#S domain in
'ell? *ailu&e in
t+e &adio
Inte&*a'e
p&o'edu&e
!A7 &elease
num)e& *o& Iu
'onne'tion
&elease
&e@uest )y
UT!AN *o& #S
domain in
'ell? &elease
due to
o$e&load
'ont&ol
!A7 &elease
num)e& *o& Iu
'onne'tion
&elease
&e@uest )y
UT!AN *o& #S
domain in
'ell?
unspe'i*ied
*ailu&e
A$e&a0e
'ell *&e@
!T-P
Ad)mB
DM11
8
">P1U1
D'1A
D8 D0 0 1 1101)B1A
D
S'S1U1
5;11
8 5D 0 && 110B)A5&8
10
;'M1U1
C'11
B& 111 0 1A 110&)CD
1./ 7asi' KPI Analysis S6ills
>e a/le to use t+e KPI statisti0s tool and t+e analysis tool
Use tools to learn a/out t+e runnin* state o$ t+e 9+ole net9or7 @ui07ly5 and s0reen
out TOP ( 9orst 0ells @ui07ly)
Use di$$erent analysis tools to $ind pro/lems $rom di$$erent aspe0ts and lo0ate t+e
pro/lem @ui07ly)
Understand t+e si*nalin* pro0ess and /asi0 prin0iple
In t+e pro0ess o$ a/normity lo0ation5 7eep a 0lear aim in mind5 and /e a/le to apply t+e
pro0ess and /asi0 prin0iple to 0+e07 t+e ot+er rele,ant indi0ators rapidly to $a0ilitate t+e
analysis)
>e $amiliar 9it+ t+e pro0ess and /asi0 prin0iple and /e a/le to ma7e lo*i0al asso0iation
/et9een a/normal KPI pro/lems and net9or7 pro/lems 6su0+ as t+e 0o,era*e pro/lem
and t+e inter$eren0e pro/lem8) >e a/le to determine t+e pro/lem nature a00ordin* to t+e
a/normal KPI5 and t+en 0+oose t+e appropriate tool to analyze t+e pro/lem in dept+)
Per$orman0e analysis re@uires en*ineers to understand /asi0 si*nalin* pro0ess5 /e
$amiliar 9it+ t+e proto0ol sta07s o$ standard inter$a0es5 and 7no9 rele,ant al*orit+ms to
realize t+e produ0t $un0tions) "n*ineers s+ould at least +a,e a 0on0ept a/out t+e ,arious
al*orit+ms) I$ t+e analysis o$ a 0ommer0ial net9or7 in,ol,es some al*orit+ms5 en*ineers
s+ould study t+ese al*orit+ms in dept+)
1./.1 KPI Monito&in0 Tools
(et9or7 mana*ement tool (et(umenTA1I 0ount KPI ori*inal data5 alarm data5
radio parameter 0on$i*uration in 0ells5 and parameter 0on$i*uration on t+e eart+)
KPI daily report *eneratin* toolI 0lassi$y 7ey indi0ators a00ordin* to a 0ertain
0ondition5 and s0reen out t+e 9orst 0ells)
1././ KPI Analysis Tools
#NO Tool. #(O tool +as t+e KPI analysis $un0tion) So usin* it5 you 0an s0reen
out t+e 9orst 0ells a00ordin* to ,arious 0onditions5 and point out t+e
0orrespondin* 0ounter o$ an indi0ator)
Si0nalT&a'e. Tra0e t+e si*nalin* 6'(= si*nalin* and '(= si*nalin*8 o$ '(#
inter$a0es5 9+i0+ in0ludes t+e Iu inter$a0e5 t+e Iur inter$a0e5 t+e Iu/ inter$a0e
and t+e Uu inter$a0e 6t+e si*nalin* $lo9 /et9een '(# and U" at ''# layer8)
And '(= si*nalin* tra0e is a 0ommon 9ay $or lo0atin* t+e KPI pro/lem) >ein*
a/le to tra0e t+e '(# si*nalin* is a /asi0 re@uirement $or t+e on1site KPI
optimization en*ineers and t+e net9or7 optimization and maintenan0e
en*ineers) T+is si*nalin* tra0in* tool is ,ery po9er$ul5 9+i0+ 0an tra0e si*nalin*
a00ordin* to t+e U" 0ell and IMSI in t+e KPI analysis) A00ordin* to t+e U" 0ell5
it 0an tra0e t+e si*nalin* o$ multiple su/s0ri/ers5 9+ile a00ordin* to IMSI5 it 0an
tra0e t+e si*nalin* o$ only one su/s0ri/er) ;o9e,er5 i$ t+e ''# 0onne0tion is
not esta/lis+ed yet5 si*nalin* 0annot /e tra0ed) T+at is /e0ause only 9+en
''# 0onne0tion +as /een esta/lis+ed5 0an t+e '(# o/tain t+e su/s0ri/erGs
IMSI $rom t+e #()
!N# ASS Lo0. ASS lo* is usually applied 9+en t+ere is a/normity and '(#
si*nalin* is out o$ tra0e) In t+is 0ase5 use ASS lo* to analyze t+e si*nalin*
/e$ore and a$ter t+e a/normity o00urs) A/normity 0an /e @ueried a00ordin* to
IMSI or 0ell I:) ASS lo* 0an /e also used to 0olle0t ,arious a/normities)
Node7 LMT. (ode> lo0al operation and maintenan0e tool) Apart $rom all t+e
operation $un0tions o$ t+e OM#>5 t+is tool 0an 0olle0t more detailed in$ormation
a/out 0ells and U") (ode> lo0al maintenan0e terminals in0ludeI "OMS5 ".MS5
:MS5 and PMS)
Node7 A)no&mity P&o)e. On t+e site o$ 4#:MA 0ommer0ial o$$i0e5 (ode>
a/normity pro/e is an e$$e0ti,e tool to monitor t+e runnin* state o$ t+e (ode>)
",ery module o$ (ode> 0an re0ord t+e a/normal in$ormation automati0ally5
9+i0+ ma7es it easy to lo0ate pro/lems) ;o9e,er t+is met+od re@uires
pro$essional 7no9led*e5 su0+ as 7no9led*e a/out t+e $un0tion and inter$a0e o$
ea0+ module or /oard) I$ t+e on1site en*ineers 0annot ma7e t+e simple
analysis5 t+ey 0an Fust o/tain t+e a/normity pro/e and send it to t+e '?:
en*ineers at t+e rear side) T+e a/normities reported on t+e (ode> 9ill /e
stored at t+e OM#> ser,er a00ordin* to di$$erent '(#s) To 0ondu0t (ode>
a/normity pro/e analysis5 you need to do9nload a/normity pro/e $iles $rom
di$$erent OM#> ser,ers and t+en use t+e a/normity pro/e tool to ma7e a
0ompre+ensi,e analysis)
#TS Tool. #TS is a tool de,eloped /y t+e #( department5 9+i0+ 0an tra0e
si*nalin* in dept+ a00ordin* to IMSI5 and tra0e si*nalin* a0ross '(#s) So t+is
is parti0ularly suita/le to tra0e -IP su/s0ri/ers) In t+is 0ase5 #TS is easier to
use t+an Si*nalTra0e5 9+i0+ 0an only tra0e si*nalin* o$ '(#s one /y one) #TS
0an tra0e t+e intera0ti,e si*nalin* /et9een net9or7 elements 6("s8 9it+in t+e
#(5 as 9ell as t+e si*nalin* o$ t+e Iu inter$a0e and t+e Uu inter$a0e) T+is 7ind o$
si*nalin* tra0in* is 9+at 9e 0alled in1dept+ tra0in*) T+e 9or7 prin0iple o$ #TS is
to set up an IMSI tas7 on t+e #TS ser,er and send it to t+e #( $ront side5 9+i0+
9ill t+en send t+is tas7 to ea0+ #( module ,ia t+e inter$a0es dedi0ated to t+e
#( modules and t+e '(#5 and t+en ea0+ module5 a$ter re0ei,in* t+e si*nalin*
related to t+e IMSI tas75 9ill send t+e si*nalin* /a07 to t+e #TS ser,er ,ia t+e
#( $ront side) T+e inter$a0es mentioned a/o,e are pri,ate inter$a0es5 so t+is
tool 0an only support our o9n #( and '(#) #TS si*nalin* 0an /e 0+e07ed and
analyzed 9it+ an o$$line tool5 /ut t+e o$$line tool does not 9or7 ,ery 9ell
/e0ause o$ t+e la07 o$ 0ontinuous optimization and per$e0tion)
UE lo0. :T test is also an important au<iliary 9ay in analyzin* KPI indi0ators)
T+ere are many pro/lems t+at 0annot /e lo0ated /y tra0in* si*nalin* at t+e
net9or7 side5 and 0an only /e lo0ated /y t+e use o$ U" lo*) T+e 0ommonly
used dri,e test so$t9are in0ludesI 2N:MEAP"N 62#AT85 #(TE#A( and T"MS)
#(TE#A( and T"MS are o$ten used $or net9or7 optimization) .or t+e use o$
#(TE#A(5 please re$er to t+e 0orrespondin* +elp $ile and t+e instru0tion
do0ument pu/li0ly released /y t+e (et9or7 Optimization Tool :epartment)
2N:M and t+e analysis tool AP"N 62#AT8 pro,ided /y 2ual0omm is ,ery
po9er$ul5 9+i0+ +a,e 0ontri/uted a lot $or t+e sta/ility and maturity o$ our
system $or many years)
1.1 Gene&al P&o'ess o* KPI Optimization Analysis
>asi0 analyzin* ideasI
KPI optimization is a pro0ess to $ind and sol,e pro/lems) KPI optimization durin* t+e
operation and maintenan0e sta*e is mainly to pi07 out t+e per$orman0e data t+at needs
spe0ial attention $rom t+e OM#5 0lassi$y t+ese per$orman0e data5 and t+en 0ompare t+e
,alue o$ t+ese data 9it+ t+at re@uired /y t+e operator) I$ t+e ,alue o$ an indi0ator is lo9er
t+an t+e operatorGs re@uirement5 analyze t+is indi0ator and $ind out t+e $a0tor t+at a$$e0t
t+e indi0ator5 and t+en propose a solution to t+e operator) I$ t+e ,alues are +i*+er t+an t+e
operatorGs re@uirement5 t+ereGs no need to pay spe0ial attention to t+em)
KPI analysis is a pro0ess $rom t+e 9+ole to t+e part)
Step 1I #+e07 t+e 7ey indi0ators $rom t+e ,ie9 o$ t+e 9+ole net9or7) I$ t+ere is not any
!T" #on$idential Proprietary % &01& !T" #O'PO'ATIO() All ri*+ts reser,ed) 1&
pro/lem5 Fust i*nore t+em) Ot+er9ise5 try to lo0ate t+e '(# (" t+at +as t+e pro/lem)
Step &I Analyze t+e indi0ators o$ t+e 0orrespondin* '(# to $ind out t+e '(# 9+ose
indi0ators +a,e t+e pro/lem)
Step AI Analyze t+e indi0ators o$ t+e 0ell under t+e pro/lem '(# to $ind out t+e 9orst 0ells
or TOP ( 0ells) I$ t+e indi0ators o$ all t+e 0ells under t+e '(# are tend to /e lo95 it is a
0ommon pro/lem pro/a/ly 0aused /y parameter 0on$i*uration) And t+en 0+e07 9+et+er
t+e radio parameter 0on$i*uration in t+e 0ells under t+is '(# is t+e same as t+at in t+e
0ells under t+e normal '(#s)
Step BI Ma7e a 0ompre+ensi,e analysis on t+e KPIs5 alarms5 :T test data5 and 0ustomer
0omplains o$ t+e 9orst 0ells to $ind out a solution)
Analysis met+odI
A$ter learnin* t+e KPI analysis ideas5 9e must 7no9 some 0ommon KPI analysis met+ods
to rule out 0auses o$ pro/lems $rom t+e o/,ious ones to t+e +idden ones)
.or e<ample5 9e $ound t+at t+e T#P 0ode 9ords 9ere stri0tly limited at ei*+t sites near a
par75 and t+e 0all drop rate rose suddenly) ;o9 to sol,e t+is pro/lemK
Met+od oneI .irst5 9e 0+e07ed 9+et+er t+e alarms5 transmission5 and /oards o$ t+ese
sites 9ere normal) A$ter t+ey are pro,ed all normal5 9e sent some en*ineers to t+e site to
do test) And mean9+ile5 9e tra0ed t+e '(# si*nalin* at t+e OM#) It turned out t+at t+e
test result 9as normal5 and t+e indi0ators o$ t+ese sites o$ t+at day did not +a,e any
pro/lem and 0ode 9ords 9ere not limited) And later 9e 7ne9 $rom t+e ne9s t+at t+ere
9as a /i* *at+erin* o$ a/out one million people at t+e par7 at t+at moment) Until t+en 9e
0ame to 7no9 t+at t+e 0on*estion 9as 0aused /y too many users usin* t+e net9or7 at t+e
same time)
Met+od t9oI .irst5 /e0ause t+e ei*+t sites 9ent 9orse all o$ a sudden5 it 9as unli7ely t+at
t+e pro/lem lied in t+e +ard9are) T+en 9e 0+e07ed 9+et+er t+e radio parameters +ad
/een modi$ied t+e day /e$ore) T+e result is no 9or7s+eet +ad /een issued to modi$y t+ose
parameters5 and no alarm 9as $ound at t+ose sites) T+ere$ore5 9e e<0luded t+e possi/ility
o$ +ard9are pro/lem) T+en 9e 0+e07ed t+e tra$$i0 trend *rap+ o$ t+e last $e9 days 6o,er
se,en days8 and $ound t+at t+e +i*+ 0all drop rate mi*+t /e 0aused /y +i*+ tra$$i0) T+e
*rap+ s+o9ed t+at tra$$i0 o$ ea0+ site rose suddenly on t+e day /e$ore) T+us 9e 0ame to
t+e 0on0lusion t+at t+is 9as an a/normal a/rupt e,ent5 9+i0+ may +a,e /een 0aused /y a
*at+erin*) And later 9e 9ere told t+at t+ere 9as a /i* *at+erin* at t+e par7) So 9e 9ere
assured t+e 0ode 9ords limitation and +i*+ 0all drop rate at t+e ei*+t sites 9ere 0aused /y
too many su/s0ri/ers usin* t+e net9or7 at t+e same time)
>y 0omparin* t+e t9o met+ods a/o,e5 9e 0an $ind t+at alt+ou*+ t+e $irst one 6sendin*
en*ineers to t+e site5 9it+out t+e 0onsideration o$ a/normal e,ents8 is 0ommonly used5 it
is ine$$i0ient and 0osts more resour0e) T+e se0ond met+od 6analyzin* t+e pro/lem /y t+e
means o$ e<0lusion and asso0iation8 is more e$$i0ient) .rom t+is 0ase5 9e 9ould li7e to
emp+asize t+at KPI analysis is a pro0ess o$ pro/lem e<0lusion) Usin* t+e 0ompre+ensi,e
!T" #on$idential Proprietary % &01& !T" #O'PO'ATIO() All ri*+ts reser,ed) 1A
met+ods 6li7e Met+od One8 at t+e $irst /rus+ may /e ma7in* a detour)
"<0lusion met+odI #+e07 t+e alarms on t+e OM# to learn a/out t+e state o$
t+e '(#5 (ode>5 >P# /oard5 and t+e transmission) I$ t+ere are o/,ious /ro7en
lin7 in transmission or +ard9are pro/lem5 t+e 0ause o$ t+e pro/lem is easy to
lo0ate)
In0ident asso0iationI I$ t+e pro/lem is 9it+ a *reat num/er o$ sites5 ta7e a/rupt
in0idents into a00ount5 su0+ as lar*e1s0ale *at+erin*5 terri/le 9eat+er o$
in0orre0t operation) T+ese in0idents 9ill put in$luen0e o$ di$$erent le,els and
ran*es on t+e net9or7 indi0ators)
#omparison o$ radio parametersI I$ some site *oes 9ron* in a sudden5 0+e07
9+et+er t+e radio parameter 0on$i*uration o$ t+is site is 0onsistent 9it+ t+at o$
ot+er normal sites) I$ not5 0+an*e it as t+at o$ t+e normal sites5 /e0ause t+e
indi0ator de0rease may /e 0aused /y an in0orre0t modi$i0ation o$ radio
parameters)
'ele,ant indi0ators asso0iationI I$ a 0ertain indi0ator is in poor 0ondition5 0+e07
its rele,ant indi0ators and $ind t+e 0ommon pro/lem $rom t+ese rele,ant
indi0ators)
#ompre+ensi,e pro/lem lo0ationI 4+en t+e a/o,e reasons are e<0luded5 use
:T data5 KPI data5 '(# si*nalin* analysis data to lo0ate t+e pro/lem 9it+
indi0ators 0ompre+ensi,ely)
!T" #on$idential Proprietary % &01& !T" #O'PO'ATIO() All ri*+ts reser,ed) 1B
.i*ure A1 KPI optimization analysis pro0ess
Start
Pi07 out
per$orman0e
inde<es
'(# inde<
a/normalK
"@uipment
alarms e<ist K
:eal 9it+
e@uipment alarms
'(# inde<
re0o,ersK
#ommon
pro/lem 9it+ t+e
9orst 0ellsK
Transmission5
so$t9areE+ard9are
,ersion5 9ireless
parameter 0on$i*uration
#(E'(#
Transmi
ssion
;ard9are So$t9are
Inter$ere
n0e
4ireless
parameters
Time
ran*e
A/rupt and
sel$10ura/le
a/normalityK
Analyze and
re0ord 0auses
Su**estion a/out
impro,ement
#ommon
pro/lems analysis
Pro/lem
resol,edK
Su00ess$ul
0all
#all drop
So$t
+ando,er
&EAG
alternate
operation
PS rate
:eal 9it+ t+e
rele,ant pro/lem
Inde<es
normalK
"nd
#limate 0+an*e5
+olidays 5 assem/ly 5
transmission
interruption5 po9er
$ault 5 and so on
Y
N
Y
Y
N
Y
N
A/normal inde<es
analysis in one 0ell
Y
N
N
N
Y
N
Y
S+o9 TOP(
a/normal 0ells
and t+eir lo0ations
I$ t+e pro/lem is pro,ed
to /e e@uipment /u* or
system pro/lem a$ter
se,eral attempts5 $eed it
/a07 to '?: dept)
3 KPI Optimization Analysis
T+is 0+apter mainly demonstrates +o9 to analyze t+e indi0ator pro/lems $rom t+e aspe0t
o$ OM# data5 and pro,ides $lo90+arts $or KPI optimization) T+e detailed analyzin* met+od
and 0ases o$ e,ery spe0ial su/Fe0t 0an /e 0+e07ed in t+e optimization *uides o$ all t+e
su/Fe0ts)
3.1 #S #all (&op Optimization
T+e #S 0all drop rate is t+e most important indi0ator in KPI optimization)
3.1.1 (e*inition o* #all (&op
A$ter 0+e07in* t+e si*nalin* on t+e Uu inter$a0e at t+e U" side5 t+e en*ineer 0an Fud*e t+e
situation a 0all drop i$ t+e Uu inter$a0e messa*e satis$ies one o$ t+e $ollo9in* t+ree
0onditions durin* t+e 0allin* pro0ess 6in 0onne0tion8)
RNC Release is not re0ei,ed5 /ut t+e U" 0ondition 0+an*es $rom #"==O:#; to I:=")
RRC Release is re0ei,ed and t+e released 0ause ,alue is Not Normal.
One o$ t+e $ollo9in* t+ree messa*es P CC Disconnect5 CC Release Complete5 and CC
Release is re0ei,ed5 and t+e released 0ause ,alue is Not Normal Clearing or Not
Normal, Unspecified)
In a /oard sense5 t+e 0all drop in0ludes t+e 0all drop rates o$ #( and UT'A() T+e 0all
drop o$ UT'A( in0ludes t+e $ollo9in* t9o aspe0tsI
A$ter t+e su00ess$ul ser,i0e esta/lis+ment5 '(# sends t+e RAB Release Request to #()
A$ter t+e su00ess$ul ser,i0e esta/lis+ment5 '(# sends t+e IU Release Request to #()
=ater5 '(# re0ei,es t+e IU Release Command $rom #()
(ote t+at 'A( 0all drop statisti0s5 9+i0+ is de$ined $rom t+e aspe0t o$ lu inter$a0e
si*nalin*5 means t+e laun0+in* times o$ RAB Release Request and lu Release Request o$
'(#) And t+e :T 0all drop statisti0s is de$ined $rom t+e aspe0ts o$ t+e Uu inter$a0e
messa*e5 non1a00ess stratum messa*e and 0ause ,alue) 'A( 0all drop statisti0s and :T
0all drop statisti0s are not e<a0tly t+e same)
!T" #on$idential Proprietary % &01& !T" #O'PO'ATIO() All ri*+ts reser,ed) 1C
3.1./ #S #all (&op Analysis lo,'+a&t
.i*ure B18 #S 0all drop analysis $lo90+art
"<tra0t
per$orman0e data
#S TOP (
0ell $ilterin*
Analyze a sin*le
0ell
1) #+e07 ("
alarms
&) Asso0iate
emer*en0ies
A) #ompare
parameter
0on$i*urations
B) Asso0iate
indi0ators
5) =o0ate t+e
$ault
0ompre+ensi,ely
"<ist or
notK
;andle alarms
Sol,ed or
notK
Jes
Jes
"nd
(o
(o
"<ist or
notK
;andle
emer*en0ies
Sol,ed or
notK
Jes
(o
(o
"<ist or
not
#orre0t 9ron*
parameter
0on$i*urations
Sol,ed or
not
Jes
(o
(o
=ist related
indi0ator 0ounters
#all1drop1
related
0ounters
'T4P
;ando,er
su00ess rate
Tra$$i0
,olume
'esour0e limit
indi0ators
#+e07?
analysis o$
inter$eren0e
Optimization
analysis o$
+ando,er $ailures
Optimization
analysis o$
resour0e limit
#all1drop1
related
0ounters
#A01&A0AC&
#A01&A0ACA
#A01&A0AC5
#A01&A0A15
#A01&A0A1C
#A01&A0A18
#A01&A0A1D
#A01&A0A&&
#A01&A0A&A
Sol,ed or
notK
Jes
Jes
(o
:ri,e TestQ
'(# si*nalin*
tra0e
Jes
3./ PS #all (&op Optimization
3./.1 Optimization lo,'+a&t
.i*ure B1D PS 0all drop optimization $lo90+art
!T" #on$idential Proprietary % &01& !T" #O'PO'ATIO() All ri*+ts reser,ed) 1D
"<tra0t per$orman0e
data
PS TOP (
0ell $ilterin*
Analyze a sin*le
0ell
1) #+e07 ("
alarms
&) Asso0iate
emer*en0ies
A) #ompare
parameter
0on$i*urations
B) Asso0iate
indi0ators
5) =o0ate t+e
$ault
0ompre+ensi,e ly
"<ist or
not
;andle alarms
Sol,ed or
not
Jes
Jes
"nd
(o
(o
"<ist or
not
;andle
emer*en0ies
Sol,ed or
not
Jes
(o
(o
"<ist or
not
#orre0t 9ron*
parameter
0on$i*urations
Sol,ed or
not
Jes
(o
(o
=ist related
indi0ator 0ounters
#all 1drop1
related
0ounters
'T4P
;ando,er
su00ess rate
Tra$$i0
,olume
'esour0e limit
indi0ators
#+e07 ?
analysis o$
inter$eren0e
Optimization
analysis o$
+ando,er $ailures
Optimization
analysis o$
resour0e limit
#all 1drop1
related
0ounters
#A01&A0A&
#A01&A0AA
#A01&A0A5
#A01&A0AA0
#A01&A0AA&
#A01&A0AAA
#A01&A0AAB
#A01&A0AA
#A01&A0AA8
Sol,ed or
notK
Jes
Jes
(o
:ri,e Test Q
'(# si*nalin*
tra0e
Jes
!T" #on$idential Proprietary % &01& !T" #O'PO'ATIO() All ri*+ts reser,ed) &0
3.1 Optimization o* A''essi)ility Indi'ato&s
A00essi/ility per$orman0e in0ludes t+e su00ess rate o$ ''# 0onne0tion setup and t+e
su00ess rate o$ #SEPS 'A> assi*nment) T+ese t9o 7inds o$ KPIs play important roles in
t+e net9or7 optimization and dire0tly in$luen0e t+e su00ess rate o$ #SEPS ser,i0e
esta/lis+ment) In t+is do0ument5 t+is 7ind o$ pro/lems are $ound $rom t+e aspe0t o$ OM#
data5 and sol,ed t+rou*+ parameter optimization)
3.1.1 (e*inition o* A''ess ailu&e
.or t+e mo/ile ori*inated 0all in t+e #S domain5 t+e a00ess $ailure e,ent means t+at t+e
U" sends RRC REQUE!, and I" esta/lis+ 0ause is Ori*inatin* #on,ersational #all5 /ut
alertin* o$ t+e dire0t trans$er messa*e is not re0ei,ed)
T+e rele,ant e,ents are de$ined as $ollo9s in t+e a00ess $ailure sta*e)
''# 0onne0tion setup $ailureI A$ter 0onsiderin* t+e resendin* times and t+e 9aitin* time5
t+e U" sends RRC C"NNEC!I"N REQUE!, and does not re0ei,e t+e response $rom
'(# or RRC C"NNEC!I"N RE#EC! deli,ered /y '(#)
Initial dire0t trans$er and se0urity mode esta/lis+ment $ailureI A$ter sendin* RRC
C"NNEC!I"N E!U$ C"%$&E!E5 t+e U" does not send NA E!U$)
'A> assi*nment $ailureI A$ter re0ei,in* CA&& $R"CEEDIN'5 t+e U" does not re0ei,e
RB E!U$ deli,ered /y '(#) Or t+e U" replies 9it+ RB E!U$ (AI& a$ter re0ei,in* RB
E!U$) Or t+e U" re0ei,es DIC"NNEC! 9it+ t+e 0ause ,alue not /ein* Normal
Release a$ter re0ei,in* RB E!U$) At t+is time5 t+e U" +as not reported RB E!U$
C%$)
.ailure a$ter 'A> assi*nmentI A$ter t+e U" sends RB E!U$ C"%$&E!E5 t+e ori*inatin*
U" re0ei,es DIC"NNEC!)RE&EAE $rom #() Or t+e U" 9aits C"NNEC! or
A&ER!IN' o,ertime5 and laun0+es t+e #all #learin* pro0essR Or t+e U" /e0omes I:="
/e$ore re0ei,in* Alerting5 and starts to re0ei,e t+e system messa*e)
.or t+e mo/ile terminated in t+e #S domain5 t+e a00ess $ailure e,ent means t+at t+e
terminatin* U" re0ei,es t+e pa*in* o$ pa*in* type 15 and does not send RRC
C"NNEC!I"N REQUE! 9it+ t+e 0ause ,alue /ein* Terminatin* #on,ersational #all)
Or t+e U" does not send t+e alertin* o$ dire0t trans$er messa*e to #( a$ter sendin* RRC
C"NNEC!I"N REQUE!)
T+e rele,ant e,ents are de$ined as $ollo9s in t+e a00ess $ailure sta*e)
''# 0onne0tion setup $ailureI A$ter sendin* RRC C"NNEC!I"N REQUE!5 t+e U"
does not re0ei,e t+e response $rom '(# or RRC C"NNEC!I"N RE#EC! deli,ered /y
'(#)
Initial dire0t trans$er and se0urity mode esta/lis+ment $ailureI A$ter sendin* RRC
C"NNEC!I"N E!U$ C"%$&E!E5 t+e U" does not re0ei,e t+e E!U$ dire0t trans$er
messa*e) Or t+e U" sends RE&EAE C"%$&E!E) Or t+e U" re0ei,es DIC"NNEC!
$rom #()
'A> assi*nment $ailureI T+e U" does not re0ei,e RB E!U$ deli,ered /y '(# a$ter
sendin* CA&& C"N(IR%) Or t+e U" replies 9it+ RB E!U$ (AI& a$ter re0ei,in* RB
E!U$) Or t+e U" re0ei,es DIC"NNEC! 9it+ t+e 0ause ,alue not /ein* (ormal
'elease a$ter re0ei,in* RB E!U$) At t+is time5 t+e U" +as not reported RB E!U$
C%$)
.ailure a$ter 'A> assi*nmentI A$ter t+e U" sends RB E!U$ C"%$&E!E, t+e
terminatin* U" re0ei,es DIC"NNEC!)RE&EAE $rom #()
3.1./ Analysis on !!# #onne'tion ailu&es
T+e pro/lem o$ ''# 0onne0tion setup $ailure 0an /e analyzed t+rou*+ t+e U" si*nalin*
$lo9 and '(# sin*le1user tra0in*) T+e ''# 0onne0tion setup in0ludes t+e $ollo9in* stepsI
T+e U" sends RRC Connection Request t+rou*+ t+e 'A#; 0+annel)
'(# sends RRC Connection etup t+rou*+ t+e .A#; 0+annel)
T+e U" sends RRC Connection etup Complete t+rou*+ t+e dedi0ated uplin7 0+annel
a$ter t+e do9nlin7 dedi0ated 0+annel is esta/lis+ed and syn0+ronized)
''# 0onne0tion setup $ailures are al9ays 0aused /y $ollo9in* issuesI
Uplin7 'A#; pro/lem
Pro/lem a/out do9nlin7 .A#; po9er allo0ation proportion
Parameter resele0tion pro/lem o$ t+e 0ell
=o9 do9nlin7 dedi0ated initial transmittin* po9er
Uplin7 initial po9er 0ontrol pro/lem
#on*estion
"@uipment mal$un0tions
Amon* t+ese issues5 t+e pro/lems o$ uplin7 'A#;5 do9nlin7 .A#; po9er allo0ation
proportion5 parameter resele0tion o$ t+e 0ell and e@uipment mal$un0tions appear more
$re@uently)
!T" #on$idential Proprietary % &01& !T" #O'PO'ATIO() All ri*+ts reser,ed) &&
3.1./.1 Analysis lo,'+a&t o* !!# #onne'tion Setup ailu&es
.i*ure B110 Analysis $lo90+art o$ ''# 0onne0tion setup $ailures
!T" #on$idential Proprietary % &01& !T" #O'PO'ATIO() All ri*+ts reser,ed) &A
"<tra0t
per$orman0e data
TOP (
0ell $ilterin*
Analyze a sin*le
0ell
1) #+e07 ("
alarms
&) Asso0iate
emer*en0ies
A) #ompare
parameter
0on$i*urations
B) Asso0iate
indi0ators
5) =o0ate t+e
$ault
0ompre+ensi,ely
"<ist or
not
;andle alarms
Sol,ed or
not
Jes
Jes
"nd
(o
(o
"<ist or
not
;andle
emer*en0ies
Sol,ed or
not
Jes
(o
(o
"<ist or
not
#orre0t 9ron*
parameter
0on$i*urations
Sol,ed or
not
Jes
(o
(o
=ist related
indi0ator 0ounters
#ounters related
to ''# setup
$ailures
'T4P
'esour0e
limit
indi0ators
#+e07?
analysis o$
inter$eren0e
Optimization
analysis o$
resour0e limit
#ounters related
to ''# setup
$ailures
#A01B80B85
#A01B80B8C
#A01B80B8
#A01B80B8D
#A01B80BD0
#A01B80BD1
#A01B81&88
#A01B81&8D
#A01B81AA
#A01B81AA8
#A01B81AAD
#A01B81B0
#A01B81B08
Sol,ed or
not
Jes
Jes
(o
:ri,e TestQ
'(#si*nalin*
tra0e
Jes
!T" #on$idential Proprietary % &01& !T" #O'PO'ATIO() All ri*+ts reser,ed) &B
3.1././ UE sends RRC Connection Request, )ut !N# does not &e'ei$e it
I$ t+e "0EIo o$ do9nlin7 #PI#; is relati,ely lo95 it is t+e pro/lem o$ 0o,era*e)
I$ t+e "0EIo o$ do9nlin7 #PI#; is not ,ery lo9 6$or e<ample5 t+e ,alue is lar*er t+an
11B d>8) Usually5 it is t+e pro/lem o$ 'A#;5 and t+e $ollo9in* issues may 0ause t+e
pro/lemI
T+e po9er o$ Pream/le does not rise to a re@uired ,alue5 and t+e risin* times o$
Pream/le s+ould /e in0reased)
T+e output po9er o$ U" is lo9er t+an t+e re@uired ,alue5 9+i0+ is 0aused /y
poor U" per$orman0e) In t+is 0ase5 t+e U" s+ould /e 0+an*ed)
T+e (ode> e@uipment +as a standin* 9a,e and t+e en*ineer s+ould 0+e07
9+et+er (ode> +as any S4' alarm)
T+e radius o$ t+e 0ell is set improperly) I$ t+e radius parameter o$ t+e 0ell is set
too small5 t+e (ode> 0an not syn0+ronize t+e U" /eyond t+e ran*e o$ t+e
radius5 and t+e a00ess $ails) T+is pro/lem o$ten +appens in t+e pla0es 9it+
lar*e 0o,era*e5 su0+ as t+e rural areas and t+e su/ur/s)
3.1./.1 !N# deli$e&s !!# #onne'tion !e=e't a*te& &e'ei$in0 !!# Setup !e@uest.
4+en RRC Connection Re*ect appears5 t+e en*ineer s+ould 0+e07 t+e spe0i$i0 reFe0t
0ause ,alue) Usually5 t+ere are t9o 7inds o$ 0ausesI
T+e #PU load o$ '(# 0ontrol plane /oard is too +ea,y and more /oards s+ould /e
added)
:#; and .A#; admission is reFe0ted) ;o9e,er5 t+is situation does not al9ays +appen)
3.1./.3 UE does not &e'ei$e RRC Connection Setup deli$e&ed )y !N#
T+is pro/lem may /e 0aused /y t+e $ollo9in* reasonsI
Poor 0o,era*e
Improper parameters o$ 0ell sele0tion and resele0tion
#+e07in* met+odI T+e en*ineer s+ould 0+e07 t+e "0EIo o$ #PI#;) I$ t+e ,alue is lo9er
t+an 11& d> 6"0EIo is 11& d> /y de$ault85 and t+ere is no 0ell o$ /etter @uality in t+e monitor
set5 t+e 0ause o$ t+is pro/lem is poor 0o,era*e) I$ t+ere is /etter 0ell in t+e monitor set5 0ell
resele0tion may 0ause t+is pro/lem)
Poor 0o,era*e 0an /e impro,ed /y 0o,era*e en+an0ement5 su0+ as addin* some sites to
0o,er t+e pla0es 9it+out si*nal 0o,era*e and adFustin* t+e en*ineerin* parameters) I$ t+e
0o,era*e 0an not /e impro,ed5 t+e en*ineer 0an en+an0e t+e .A#; po9er a00ordin* to
t+e P#PI#; "0EIo 0o,era*e o$ t+e 0urrent net9or7) .or e<ample5 i$ all t+e pilot "0EIo
,alues are lar*er t+an 11& d> in t+e 0o,era*e area5 t+e po9er proportion o$ t+e 0ommon
0+annel s+ould /e 0on$i*ured on t+e /asis o$ t+e situation t+at t+e "0EIo ,alue is lar*er
t+an 11& d>) And so5 t+e su00ess rate o$ t+e idle U" assessment 0an /e ensured)
As $or t+e a00ess pro/lem 0aused /y 0ell sele0tion and resele0tion5 t+e en*ineer 0an
speed up t+e 0ell sele0tion and resele0tion /y adFustin* t+e 0ell sele0tion and resele0tion
parameters5 and t+e pro/lem o$ ''# 0onne0tion setup $ailure 0aused /y improper 0ell
sele0tion and resele0tion parameters 0an /e sol,ed)
Note.
T+e ''# #onne0tion Setup messa*e is /orne /y .A#;) RRC Connection Request sent
/y t+e U" is re0ei,ed /y UT'A( at t+e pream/le o$ P'A#;5 and t+en it is sent $rom t+e
'A#; 0+annel /ased on t+e 0urrent pream/le po9er) And t+e transmit po9er o$ pream/le
0an rise all t+e time until t+e response is re0ei,ed 6T+ere is a limitation $or t+e ma<imum
num/er o$ pream/le retransmissions8) T+ere$ore5 in t+e areas 9it+ poor 0o,era*e5 t+e
'A#; 0o,era*e and .A#; 0o,era*e may /e0ome un/alan0ed5 and as a result5 UT'A(
0an re0ei,e RRC Connection Request sent /y t+e U" /ut t+e U" 0an not re0ei,e RRC
Connection etup sent /y '(#)
3.1./.8 UE &e'ei$es !!# #onne'tion Setup and does not send !!# Setup #omplete
I$ t+e do9nlin7 si*nal @uality is normal5 t+is pro/lem may /e 0aused /y t+e a/normal
0ondition o$ t+e 0ell p+one)
Anot+er reason o$ t+is pro/lem may /e t+e do9nlin7 syn0+ronization $ailure 0aused /y t+e
lo9 initial po9er o$ do9nlin7 dedi0ated 0+annel) Jou 0an sol,e t+is pro/lem /y adFustin*
t+e ser,i0e do9nlin7 "/E(o)
3.1./.2 !N# does not &e'ei$e RRC Setup Complete sent )y UE
>e0ause t+e uplin7 initial po9er 0ontrol may in0rease t+e U" transmit po9er5 t+is 7ind o$
pro/lem seldom appears) I$ it appears5 t+e en*ineer 0an in0rease t+e #onstant -alue o$
t+e dedi0ated 0+annel properly to raise t+e uplin7 :P##; initial transmission po9er o$ t+e
U")
At t+e same time5 t+is pro/lem is also rele,ant 9it+ t+e uplin7 SI' initial tar*et ,alue
0on$i*uration /e0ause t+is ,alue may a$$e0t t+e uplin7 initial syn0+ronization at t+e initial
sta*e o$ lin7 setup) I$ t+e ,alue o$ t+e parameter is set too lar*e5 t+ere 9ill /e too mu0+
uplin7 in$eren0e /rou*+t /y t+e initial setup o$ t+e lin7) I$ t+e ,alue is set too small5 t+e
uplin7 syn0+ronization 9ill ta7e lon*er time5 and t+e initial syn0+ronization may e,en $ail)
T+is parameter is an '(#1le,el parameter5 9+i0+ +as a *reat in$luen0e on net9or7
per$orman0e) T+ere$ore5 t+e en*ineer s+ould /e 0autious 9+ile adFustin* t+is parameter)
!T" #on$idential Proprietary % &01& !T" #O'PO'ATIO() All ri*+ts reser,ed) &C
Note.
RRC Connection etup Complete is sent t+rou*+ uplin7 :P#;5 and t+e U" 0al0ulates t+e
initial po9er o$ uplin7 :P##; a00ordin* to t+e re0ei,ed I"M:P##;OPo9erOo$$setM and
t+e measured #PI#;O'S#P ,alue)
:P##;OInitialOpo9er S :P##;OPo9erOo$$set 1 #PI#;O'S#P
:P##;OPo9erOo$$set S Primary #PI#; := TN Po9er Q U= Inter$eren0e Q #onstant
-alue) T+e #onstant -alue 0an /e 0on$i*ured in t+e OM#) I$ t+is ,alue is set too small5 t+e
U" may not +a,e enou*+ po9er to send RRC Connection etup Complete.
3.1.1 Analysis on !A7C!7 Setup ailu&es
4+en 'A> or '> setup $ails5 '(# 9ill send RAB Assignment (ail in t+e 'A> Assi*nment
'esponse si*nalin*) T+e en*ineer 0an $ind out t+e spe0i$i0 $ailure reason $rom t+e $ailure
0ause ,alue 0arried in rele,ant 0ells) T+e reasons $or 0ommon 'A>E'> setup $ailures
in0ludeI
'(# dire0tly reFe0tin* RAB etup Request /e0ause o$ 9ron* parameter
0on$i*uration
Admission reFe0t
'A> setup $ailure /e0ause t+e U" $ails to respond to RB etup Request
'A> setup $ailure /e0ause t+e Uu inter$a0e $ails to set up '>
!T" #on$idential Proprietary % &01& !T" #O'PO'ATIO() All ri*+ts reser,ed) &
3.1.1.1 Analysis lo,'+a&t o* !A7 Setup ailu&es
.i*ure B111 Analysis $lo90+art o$ 'A> setup $ailures
"<tra0t
per$orman0e data
TOP (
0ell $ilterin*
Analyze a sin*le
0ell
1) #+e07 ("
alarms
&) Asso0iate
emer*en0ies
A) #ompare
parameter
0on$i*urations
B) Asso0iate
indi0ators
5) =o0ate t+e
$ault
0ompre+ensi,ely
"<ist or
not
;andle alarms
Sol,ed or
not
Jes
Jes
"nd
(o
(o
"<ist or
not
;andle
emer*en0ies
Sol,ed or
not
Jes
(o
(o
"<ist or
not
#orre0t 9ron*
parameter
0on$i*urations
Sol,ed or
not
Jes
(o
(o
=ist related
indi0ator 0ounters
#ounters related to
'A> setup $ailures
'T4P
'esour0e
limit
indi0ators
#+e07?
analysis o$
inter$eren0e
Optimization
analysis o$
resour0e limit
#ounters related to 'A> setup
$ailures
#S domain PS domain
#A01&A0&D0 #A01&A0A0&
#A01&A0&D1 #A01&A0A0A
#A01&A0&D& #A01&A0A0B
#A01&A0&DA #A01&A0A05
#A01&A0&DB #A01&A0A0C
#A01&A0&D5 #A01&A0A0
#A01&A0&DC #A01&A0A08
#A01&A0&D #A01&A0A0D
#A01&A0&D8 #A01&A0A10
#A01&A0&DD #A01&A0A11
#A01&A0A00 #A01&A0A1&
#A01&A0A01 #A01&A0A1A
Sol,ed or
not
Jes
Jes
(o
:ri,e TestQ
'(#si*nalin*
tra0e
Jes
!T" #on$idential Proprietary % &01& !T" #O'PO'ATIO() All ri*+ts reser,ed) &D
3.1.1./ !N# (i&e'tly !e=e'tin0 RAB Setup Request 7e'ause O* -&on0 Pa&amete&
#on*i0u&ation
T+e 0ase t+at '(# responds 9it+ RAB etup (ailure dire0tly is seldom 0aused /y in,alid
parameter 0on$i*uration in t+e /usiness net9or7) Usually5 t+is 0ase is 0aused /y spe0ial
operations o$ t+e spe0ial users)
T+e main s0enario is t+at t+e su/s0ription in$ormation o$ t+e userGs PS ser,i0e is /eyond
t+e 0apa/ility o$ t+e U"5 9+i0+ leads to t+e dire0t re$usal $rom '(#) .or e<ample5 a
spe0ial userGs su/s0ription rates o$ uplin7 and do9nlin7 are A8B K5 /ut t+e ma<imum uplin7
rate o$ t+e U" is only CB K) T+e ma<imum uplin7 and do9nlin7 rates o$ t+e 2oS messa*e
used $or a0ti,atin* P:P set /y t+e AT 0ommand or mo/ile terminal so$t9are used /y t+e
user are A8B K5 so t+e '(# 9ill $ind t+e ma<imum uplin7 rate is /eyond t+e U"Gs
0apa/ility5 dire0tly reply 9it+ RAB etup (ailure and 9ill not laun0+ t+e '> setup pro0ess5
9+en it re0ei,es RAB Assignment Request)
A$ter t+e 'A> setup $ails /e0ause t+e parameter 0on$i*uration is /eyond t+e U"Gs
0apa/ility5 SGS( 9ill ne*otiate a*ain to laun0+ t+e ne9 'A> assi*nment until t+e U" +as
t+e 0apa/ility to support t+e assi*nment5 and t+e 'A> assi*nment is $inis+ed) .or t+e
users5 t+e P:P a0ti,ation is still su00ess$ul5 and t+e a0tual ma<imum rate is t+e ma<imum
rate t+e U" 0an support)
;o9e,er5 i$ t+e minimum *uaranteed /it rate re@uired /y t+e 2oS settin* in t+e U"Gs P:P
a0ti,ation re@uest is /eyond t+e U"Gs 0apa/ility5 t+ou*+ t+e net9or7 ne*otiates a lo9er
rate to a00ept t+e U"Gs P:P a0ti,ation re@uest5 t+e U" 9ill laun0+ t+e re@uest o$
dea0ti,atin* P:P 9+en it $inds t+at t+e rate ne*otiated /y t+e net9or7 in P:P a0ti,ation
a00ept re@uest is lo9er t+an t+e minimum *uaranteed /it rate5 and $inally t+e P:P
a0ti,ation 0an not /e 0ompleted)
3.1.1.1 Admission !e=e't
.or t+e non1;S:PA user5 i$ t+ere are insu$$i0ient system resour0es 6in0ludin* po9er5
0+annel 0ode5 lu/ transmission resour0e and #"85 t+e 0all esta/lis+ment $ailure 9ill /e
0aused /y t+e admission reFe0t) At t+is time5 it is ne0essary to 0+e07 t+e net9or7 load5
0ode resour0e5 lu/ transmission resour0e and #" resour0e o00upation to ma7e sure t+e
0on*estion is 0aused /y t+e limitation o$ a 0ertain 7ind o$ resour0e) 4+at is more5 t+e
en*ineer s+ould plan t+e 0orrespondin* e<pansion met+od)
I$ t+e 0ell does not support t+e ;S:PA ser,i0e5 t+e 'DD user admission is Fud*ed
a00ordin* to t+e $i<ed 'DD admission t+res+old) I$ t+e 0ell supports t+e ;S:PA ser,i0e5
and t+e ;S:PA and 'DD dynami0 po9er is allo0ated5 t+e uplin7 admission o$ non1;S:PA
is Fud*ed /ased on 'T4P or t+e e@ui,alent user num/er) I$ t+e uplin7 load is too +ea,y5
t+e non1;S:PA user admission 9ill also $ail)
I$ t+e /and9idt+ 0on$i*uration on t+e lu/ inter$a0e is insu$$i0ient5 t+e lu/ inter$a0e 9ill reFe0t
t+e 'DD data ser,i0e a0ti,ation /e0ause o$ limited /and9idt+)
!T" #on$idential Proprietary % &01& !T" #O'PO'ATIO() All ri*+ts reser,ed) A0
T+e admission 0ontrol o$ t+e (ode> #redit resour0e is similar to t+e po9er admission
0ontrol) 4+et+er t+e remainin* #redit 0an support t+e 0urrently re@uested ser,i0e or not
0an /e Fud*ed a00ordin* to t+e spe0trum spreadin* $a0tor o$ t+e ne9 a00ess user)
A00ordin* to t+e 0ondition o$ t+e 'A> :o9nsizin* S9it0+5 '(# 9ill deal 9it+ t+e issue in
t+e 0orrespondin* 9ay)
.or t+e ;S:PA user5 in t+e dynami0 po9er allo0ation mode5 /esides t+e mentioned
system resour0es su0+ as t+e po9er5 0+annel 0ode5 lu/ transmission resour0e and #"5
t+e admission reFe0t s+ould ta7e into 0onsideration 9+et+er t+e num/er o$ ; users
supported /y (ode> and t+e num/er o$ ; users supported /y t+e 0ell are o,er t+e
re*ulated t+res+old or not into 0onsideration)
.or t+e ;S:PA user5 9+en t+e /and9idt+ 0on$i*uration on lu/ inter$a0e is insu$$i0ient5 t+e
admission reFe0t 9ill not +appen5 /ut t+e rate 9ill /e redu0ed) 4+at is more5 t+e
AA=&PAT;s o$ ;S:PA and 'DD are 0on$i*ured respe0ti,ely5 and t+e ;S:PA AA=&PAT;
must /e 0on$i*ured to t+e ;S:PAO'T or ;S:PAO('T type) I$ t+e ;S:PA AA=&PAT; is
0on$i*ured to 'T or ('T o$ 'DD AA=&PAT; type5 t+e 'A> assi*nment $ailure 9ill not
+appen5 /ut '(# 9ill esta/lis+ t+e ;S:PA ser,i0e as 'DD A8B K/ps)
.or t+e do9nlin7 po9er admission5
>esides 9+et+er t+e 'DD ser,i0e load is o,er t+e non1;S:PA ser,i0e t+res+old5 :#;
ser,i0e s+ould ta7e into 0onsideration 9+et+er non1;S:PA po9er and ;S:PA G>P 6t+e
minimum po9er needed $or t+e *uaranteed /it rate8 are o,er t+e *eneral po9er t+res+old
o$ t+e 0ell)
.or t+e ;S:PA ser,i0e5 it is ne0essary to 0+e07 9+et+er t+e t+rou*+put rate pro,ided /y
t+e 0ell is o,er t+e sum o$ all t+e usersG G>' t+res+olds5 or 9+et+er t+e G>Ps o$ t+e
stream ser,i0e and t+e /a07*round ser,i0e are o,er t+e ;S:PA po9er o$ t+e 0ell) At t+e
same time5 9+et+er t+e non1;S:PA po9er and t+e ;S:PA G>P 6t+e minimum po9er
needed $or t+e *uaranteed /it rate8 are o,er t+e o,erall po9er t+res+old o$ t+e 0ell s+ould
/e also ta7en into 0onsideration)
.or t+e lu/ admission5
.or t+e :#; ser,i0e5 t+e admission is made a00ordin* to t+e multipli0ation o$ t+e pea7
rate and t+e ser,i0e a0ti,ation $a0tor)
.or ;S:PA ser,i0e5 t+e admission is made a00ordin* to t+e G>')
I$ t+e lu/ e<0eeds t+e 0on*estion t+res+old5 t+e :### rate redu0tion 9ill /e tri**ered)
And i$ t+e '=#OAM retransmission rate is o,er a 0ertain t+res+old5 t+e Iu/ O,er/oo7in*
s9it0+ 0an /e opened to tri**er t+e T. 9+i0+ limits 'DD or to redu0e t+e rate o$ ;S:PA
ser,i0e /y a 0ertain $a0tor)
3.1.1.3 !A7 Setup ailu&e 7e'ause t+e UE ails to !espond to !7 Setup
T+e U" $ails to respond to '> setup mainly /e0ause o$ t+e userGs operation)
Ta7e t+e $ollo9in* 0ases as e<amplesI
4+en t+e user already +as +ad t+e do9nlin7 1& K data ser,i0e5 +e re0ei,es RB
etup Request o$ t+e -P ser,i0e 6eit+er t+e ori*inated 0all in t+e -P domain or t+e
terminated 0all in t+e -P domain8) >e0ause t+e U" does not support t+e -P and
+i*+1speed PS ser,i0e in t+e do9nlin7 at t+e same time5 it dire0tly replies 9it+ RB
etup (ailure5 and t+e 0ause ,alue is unsupported configuration)
#ompared 9it+ t+e 4#:MA su/s0ri/er ori*inatin* t+e -P ser,i0e5 t+e terminatin*
su/s0ri/er resides in t+e GSM net9or75 and so it does not support t+e -P ser,i0e)
A$ter '(# re0ei,es RAB Assignment Request5 t+e 0ore net9or7 9ill deli,er t+e
:is0onne0t 0ommand ri*+t a$ter 0all pro0eedin*5 and t+e 0ause ,alue is Bearer
capa+ilit, not aut-ori.ed) At t+is time5 t+e U" +as Fust re0ei,ed t+e '> S"TUP
0ommand and +as no enou*+ time to $inis+ t+e '> setup) So t+e U" 9ill reply 9it+
RB etup (ailure a$ter it re0ei,es t+e :is0onne0t 0ommand5 and t+e '(# 9ill reply
9it+ RAB etup (ailure5 9it+ t+e 0ause ,alue /ein* failure in radio interface
procedure)
3.1.1.8 !A7 Setup ailu&e 7e'ause t+e Uu Inte&*a'e ails to Set Up !7
'(# sends t+e 'adio >earer Setup 0ommand to t+e U" /ut $ails to re0ei,e Radio Bearer
etup Compete) T+is 7ind o$ situation 6'> setup $ailure8 o$ten appears in t+e 0ells 9it+
9ea7 si*nals) T+ere are t9o 0auses o$ 9ea7 si*nalsI one is t+at t+e U" does not reside in
t+e /est ser,er to laun0+ t+e a00ess5 and t+e ot+er is poor 0o,era*e)
I$ t+e U" does not reside in t+e /est ser,er to laun0+ t+e a00ess5 it 9ill +ope to enter
t+e /est ser,er t+rou*+ a0ti,e set update in t+e '> setup pro0ess 6At t+e same time5
t+e $ast si*nal 0+an*e 9ill drasti0ally 9ea7en t+e si*nals in t+e 0ell85 /ut t+e a0ti,e
set update 0an only /e pro0essed a$ter t+e '> setup is 0ompleted5 /e0ause t+e
pro0edures 0an not /e pro0essed alternately 6(eit+er t+e net9or7 nor t+e terminal
supports it8) T+ere$ore5 '> 0an only /e set up in t+e 0ell 9it+ 9ea7 si*nals5 and t+e
setup is easy to $ail) As $or t+is situation5 t+e startin* t+res+old and speed o$ 0o1
$re@uen0y 0ell resele0tion s+ould /e in0reased to ma7e t+e U" reside in t+e /est
ser,er and laun0+ t+e a00ess as soon as possi/le)
'> setup $ailure may /e 0aused /y t+e poor do9nlin7Euplin7 0o,era*e) I$ t+e $ailure is
0aused /y do9nlin7 0o,era*e5 t+e U" 0an not re0ei,e t+e 'adio >earer Setup
0ommand5 9+i0+ may /e 0aused /y t+e uplin7 inter$eren0e5 and t+is 0an /e $i<ed
t+rou*+ 0+e07in* 'T4P) T+e poor do9nlin7 0o,era*e is partly 0aused /y t+e /ad
U" demodulation per$orman0e5 and ot+er 0auses s+ould /e sol,ed /y '.
optimization)
!T" #on$idential Proprietary % &01& !T" #O'PO'ATIO() All ri*+ts reser,ed) A&
3.3 Optimization o* Mo)ility Indi'ato&s
Mo/ility indi0ators mainly $all into t+ree 0ate*ories P so$t +ando,ers5 +ard +ando,ers and
inter1'AT +ando,ers) T+e +ando,er pro/lems usually +appen in t+e $ollo9in* 0ases)
T+e /est ser,er 0+an*es too $ast or t+ere is no /est ser,er due to pilot pollution)
T+e +ando,er is not prompt or t+ere are pin*pon* +ando,ers due to improper
parameter 0on$i*uration)
AdFust t+e en*ineerin* parameters $or antennas in areas 9it+ se,ere pilot pollution) And
adFust t+e +ando,er parameters5 su0+ as t+e ,alues o$ 1A5 1>5 #IO5 TTT 6time to tri**er85
;ysteresis and so on5 to sol,e t+e pro/lem t+at t+e +ando,er is not prompt or t+ere are
pin*pon* +ando,ers) T+is se0tion tries to sol,e t+is 7ind o$ pro/lems t+rou*+ OM# data
analysis and parameter optimization)
3.3.1 Optimization o* So*t %ando$e&s
Missed nei*+/orin* 0ell 0on$i*uration5 pilot pollution5 improper so$t +ando,er parameter
0on$i*uration5 and e@uipment mal$un0tions are t+e maFor 0auses o$ so$t +ando,er $ailures)
To 0on$irm t+e pro/lems5 t+e $ield :Ts are re@uired)
!T" #on$idential Proprietary % &01& !T" #O'PO'ATIO() All ri*+ts reser,ed) AA
3.3.1.1 So*t %ando$e& Optimization lo,'+a&t
.i*ure B11& So$t +ando,er optimization $lo90+art
!T" #on$idential Proprietary % &01& !T" #O'PO'ATIO() All ri*+ts reser,ed) AB
"<tra0t
per$orman0e data
TOP (
0ell $ilterin*
Analyze a sin*le
0ell
1) #+e07 ("
alarms
&) Asso0iate
emer*en0ies
A) #ompare
parameter
0on$i*urations
B) Asso0iate
indi0ators
5) =o0ate t+e
$ault
0ompre+ensi,ely
"<ist or
not
;andle alarms
Sol,ed or
not
Jes
Jes
"nd
(o
(o
"<ist or
not
;andle
emer*en0ies
Sol,ed or
not
Jes
(o
(o
"<ist or
not
#orre0t 9ron*
parameter
0on$i*urations
Sol,ed or
not
Jes
(o
(o
=ist related
indi0ator 0ounters
'T4P
'esour0e
limit
indi0ators
#+e07?
analysis o$
inter$eren0e
Optimization
analysis o$
resour0e limit
#ounters related to intra1$re@uen0y
+ando,er $ailures
#A01AD1101 #A01AD05DA
#A01AD110& #A01AD05DB
#A01AD110A #A01AD05D5
#A01AD058C #A01AD05DC
#A01AD058 #A01AD05D
#A01AD0588 #A01AD05D8
#A01AD058D #A01AD05DD
#A01AD05D0 #A01AD0C00
#A01AD05D1 #A01AD0C01
#A01AD05D& #A01AD0C0&
Sol,ed or
not
Jes
Jes
(o
:ri,e TestQ
'(#si*nalin*
tra0e
Jes
#ounters related to
so$t +ando,er
$ailures
A0055 A005C
A005 A0058
A005D A00C0
A00C1 A00C&
#ell +and1inE+and1
out indi0ators
3.3.1./ #+e'6in0 Missed Nei0+)o&in0 #ell #on*i0u&ation
Generally spea7in*5 most o$ t+e 0all drops at t+e /e*innin* o$ t+e optimization are 0aused
/y missed nei*+/orin* 0ell 0on$i*uration) T+e $ollo9in* met+ods are o$ten used to Fud*e
9+et+er t+e 0all drops are 0aused /y missed 0on$i*uration o$ 0o1$re@uen0y nei*+/orin*
0ells)
O/ser,e t+e a0ti,e set Ec)Io in$ormation re0orded /y t+e U" and t+e Best er/er
Ec)Io in$ormation re0orded /y t+e S0anner /e$ore t+e 0all drop) I$ t+e $ormer re0ord is
,ery /ad /ut t+e latter re0ord is ,ery *ood5 t+en 0+e07 9+et+er t+e Best er/er
s0ram/lin* 0ode re0orded /y t+e S0anner appears in t+e latest list o$ t+e nei*+/orin*
0ells under intra1$re@uen0y measurement 0ontrol) I$ it does not5 t+en t+e 0all drop is
0aused /y missed nei*+/orin* 0ell 0on$i*uration)
I$ t+e U" re1a00esses immediately a$ter t+e 0all drop and t+e 0ell s0ram/lin* 0odes
durin* t+e U" rea00ess and t+ose durin* t+e 0all drop are di$$erent5 t+en t+e 0all drop
may also /e 0aused /y missed nei*+/orin* 0ell 0on$i*uration) Jou 0an 0on$irm it
t+rou*+ measurement 0ontrol 6loo7 /a079ards $rom t+e messa*e o$ t+e 0all drop
e,ent $or t+e latest intra1$re@uen0y measurement 0ontrol messa*e and 0+e07 t+e
nei*+/orin* 0ell list o$ t+is messa*e8)
Some U" may report t+e Detected et in$ormation) I$ t+e 0orrespondin* s0ram/lin*
0ode appears in t+e Detected et in$ormation /e$ore t+e 0all drop5 t+en t+e 0all drop
is 0aused /y missed nei*+/orin* 0ell 0on$i*uration)
3.3.1.1 #+e'6in0 Pilot Pollution
(e*inition o* pilot pollution. "<0essi,e stron* pilot si*nals e<ist at a 0ertain point5 /ut
none o$ t+em is stron* enou*+ to /e t+e /est ser,er) To $orm pilot pollution5 t+e $ollo9in*
points in t+is de$inition s+ould /e satis$ied)
St&on0 pilot si0nal. T+e a/solute pilot si*nal stren*t+ is used to Fud*e 9+et+er t+e
pilot si*nal is a stron* one) T+e pilot si*nal stren*t+ 0an /e e,aluated t+rou*+ t+e
pilot 'S#P) I$ t+e pilot 'S#P e<0eeds a t+res+old5 it is 0onsidered a stron* pilot
si*nal) T+e $ormula isI
Absolute RSCP
Th RSCP CPICH
_
_ >
E>'essi$e. T+e num/er o$ pilot si*nals is used to Fud*e 9+et+er t+ere are e<0essi,e
pilot si*nals at a 0ertain point) I$ t+e num/er e<0eeds a t+res+old5 it is re*arded t+at
e<0essi,e pilot si*nals e<ist at t+is point) T+e $ormula isI
N
Th Number CPICH > _
None o* t+em is st&on0 enou0+ to )e t+e )est se&$e&. T+e relati,e stren*t+ o$ a
pilot si*nal is a 7ey $a0tor in Fud*in* 9+et+er t+e pilot si*nal is stron* enou*+) >ased
on t+e a/o,e de$inition and $ormulae5 i$ t+e di$$eren0e /et9een t+e stren*t+ o$ t+e
!T" #on$idential Proprietary % &01& !T" #O'PO'ATIO() All ri*+ts reser,ed) AC
stron*est pilot si*nal and t+at o$ t+e ) 1 ( +
N
Th stron*est pilot si*nal at t+is point is
less t+an a t+res+old5 it is re*arded t+at t+ere is no pilot si*nal stron* enou*+ to /e
t+e /est ser,er at t+is point) T+e $ormula isI
lative RSCP th Th best
Th RSCP CPICH RSCP CPICH
N
Re _ ) 1 (
) _ _ ( <
+
A00ordin* to t+e a/o,e des0ription5 it is re*arded t+at pilot pollution e<ists i$ t+e $ollo9in*
0onditions are /ot+ satis$ied)
T+e num/er o$ pilot si*nals t+at meet t+e 0ondition
Absolute RSCP
Th RSCP CPICH
_
_ >
is more t+an
N
Th
)
lative RSCP th Th best

Th RSCP CPICH RSCP CPICH
N
Re _ ) 1 (
) _ _ ( <
+
.or e<ample5 durin* t+e net9or7 optimization5 supposeI
dBm Th
Absolute RSCP
95
_
=
5 3 =
N
Th 5 and
dB Th
lative RSCP
5
Re _
=
5 i$ t+e $ollo9in*
0onditions are /ot+ satis$ied5 t+en it is re*arded t+at pilot pollution e<ists)
T+e num/er o$ t+e pilot si*nals t+at meet t+e 0ondition
dBm RSCP CPICH 95 _ >
is more t+an A)
dB RSCP CPICH RSCP CPICH

th best
5 ) _ _ (
4
<
3.3.1.3 Ad=ustin0 So*t %ando$e& Al0o&it+m Pa&amete&s
Jou 0an sol,e t+e $ollo9in* 7inds o$ pro/lems /y adFustin* +ando,er al*orit+m
parametersI
1) T+e +ando,er is not prompt)
.rom t+e perspe0ti,e o$ t+e #S ser,i0e si*nalin* $lo95 t+e symptom o$ t+is pro/lem is
t+at t+e U" 0annot re0ei,e Acti/e et Update 6p+ysi0al 0+annel reallo0ation in t+e
0ase o$ t+e intra1$re@uen0y +ard +ando,er8 /e0ause a$ter t+e U" reports t+e
measurement report5 t+e sour0e 0ell +as a $ast redu0tion in "0EIo) 4+en t+e '(#
sends Acti/e et Update5 t+e U" +as 0losed t+e transmitter due to t+e loss o$
do9nlin7 syn0+ronization) -ie9ed $rom t+e U" side5 it 0annot re0ei,e Acti/e et
Update) In t+e PS ser,i0es5 i$ t+e U" 0annot re0ei,e Acti/e et Update or T'>
resets /e$ore t+e +ando,er5 t+e +ando,er 9ill also $ail)
.rom t+e perspe0ti,e o$ si*nals5 t+e $ollo9in* p+enomena may a00ompany t+is
pro/lem)
!T" #on$idential Proprietary % &01& !T" #O'PO'ATIO() All ri*+ts reser,ed) A
#orner e$$e0tI "0EIo o$ t+e sour0e 0ell de0reases drasti0ally5 and "0EIo o$ t+e
tar*et 0ell in0reases s+arply 6,ery +i*+ 9+en it appears8)
.ast $adin*I "0EIo o$ t+e sour0e 0ell de0reases @ui07ly $or a 9+ile and t+en
in0reases5 and "0EIo o$ t+e tar*et 0ell in0reases $or a s+ort 9+ile)
&) Pin*pon* +ando,ers) T+e $ollo9in* p+enomena may a00ompany t+is pro/lem)
T+e /est ser,er 0+an*es @ui07lyI T9o or more 0ells ta7e turns to /e t+e /est ser,er)
>ut as t+e /est ser,er5 none o$ t+e 0ells 0an last lon* t+ou*+ t+ey +as *ood 'S#Ps
and "0EIos)
T+ere is no /est ser,erI T+ere are multiple 0ells) T+eir 'S#Ps are normal and similar
to ea0+ ot+er) >ut "0EIo o$ e,ery 0ell is ,ery /ad)
.rom t+e perspe0ti,e o$ t+e si*nalin* $lo95 ",ent 1A is reported immediately a$ter one 0ell
is deleted) >e0ause t+e U" 0annot re0ei,e Acti/e et Update $rom t+e '(#5 t+e +ando,er
$ails)
3.3.1.8 E@uipment Mal*un'tions
.irst 0+e07 t+e alarm 0onsole to see 9+et+er t+ere are a/normal alarms5 and analyze t+e
messa*e tra0es at t+e same time) .ind out in 9+i0+ step t+e so$t +ando,er $ails) #+e07
t+e $ailure messa*e5 and 0onta0t t+e lo0al produ0t maintainin* en*ineer to 0on$irm
9+et+er t+e e@uipment +as mal$un0tions)
3.3.1.2 Solutions
#orrespondin* adFustments s+ould /e ta7en $or t+e 0on$irmed pro/lems)
;ando,er $ailures 0aused /y pilot pollutionI AdFust t+e en*ineerin* parameters o$ a
0ertain antenna to set t+is antenna as t+e /est ser,er in t+is inter$ered lo0ation) I$ t+e
po9er o$ one o$ its se0tors is redu0ed5 t+en Io o$ t+e pilot pollution area 9ill de0reaseR
e,en i$ t+e po9ers o$ ot+er pilots are not adFusted5 "0EIo 9ill also in0rease) T+ere/y
t+e "0EIo di$$eren0es 9it+ ot+er s0ram/lin* 0odes in t+e a0ti,e set 9ill /e0ome lar*er
and pilot pollution 9ill /e eliminated) T+rou*+ a lot o$ resear0+5 !T" +as pro,ed t+at
t+e redu0tion in t+e pilot transmit po9er 9ill not 0+an*e 0ell 0apa0ity *reatly) I$
0ondition allo9s5 ne9 /ase stations 0an /e added to 0o,er t+is area)
"@uipment mal$un0tionsI #onsult t+e 0ustomer ser,i0e en*ineers5 and as7 t+em to
+elp 0+e07 9+et+er t+ere are alarms and 9+et+er t+e transport layer is a/normal) I$
t+ere are alarms5 0oordinate 9it+ t+e 0ustomer ser,i0e en*ineers and t+e
en*ineerin* personnel to sol,e t+e pro/lems)
#all drops /e0ause t+e +ando,ers are not promptI
AdFust t+e antenna to e<pand t+e +ando,er zone)
#on$i*ure t+e ",ent 1A +ando,er parameters to ma7e t+e +ando,er easier to
+appen)
In0rease CIO to ma7e t+e +ando,er +appen earlier in t+e tar*et 0ell) T+e sum
o$ CIO and t+e a0tually measured ,alue is used $or Fud*in* t+e U" e,ents5
in0ludin* t+e U" intra1$re@uen0y +ando,er) CIO +elps s+i$t t+e 0ell /order in t+e
+ando,er al*orit+m) I$ CIO is 0on$i*ured 9it+ a lar*er ,alue5 t+e +ando,er 9ill
/e easier to +appen and t+ere 9ill /e more U" in t+e so$t1+ando,er status5 /ut
more resour0es 9ill /e o00upied) I$ CIO is 0on$i*ured 9it+ a smaller ,alue5 t+e
so$t +ando,er 9ill /e more di$$i0ult to +appen and t+e re0ei,in* @uality may /e
impaired) A CIO o$ a/out 5d> is @uite *ood $or eliminatin* t+e $ast $adin* and
t+e 0orner e$$e0t5 /ut t+is 0on$i*uration +as some side e$$e0ts5 su0+ as t+e
in0rease o$ +ando,er proportion)
#all drops 0aused /y pin*pon* +ando,ersI AdFust t+e antenna to $orm a /est ser,er
in its 0o,era*e zone or set t+e ",ent 0B +ando,er parameters 6in0rease t+e
t+res+old o$ ",ent 0B5 t+e ",ent 0B +ysteresis or t+e time to tri**er ",ent 0B8 to
in0rease t+e di$$i0ulty in deletin* t+e a0ti,e set)
3.3./ Optimization o* %a&d %ando$e&s
3.3./.1 #lassi*i'ation o* %a&d +ando$e&s
;ard +ando,ers mainly $all into t9o 0lassi$i0ationsI
Int&a4*&e@uen'y +a&d +ando$e&s. T+e intra1$re@uen0y +ard +ando,er is tri**ered
only 9+en t+e intra1$re@uen0y so$tEso$ter +ando,er 0annot /e per$ormed5 and it is
appli0a/le to t+e $ollo9in* 0ir0umstan0es)
Inter1'(# intra1$re@uen0y 0ell +ando,ers 9+en t+ere is no Iur inter$a0e)
Insu$$i0ient Iur inter$a0e resour0es t+ou*+ t+ere is t+e Iur inter$a0e)
;ando,ers 0ontrolled /y t+e t+res+old o$ t+e PS ser,i0e rate in t+e +ando,er
0ell)
T+e intra1$re@uen0y so$tEso$ter +ando,ers 0an not /e per$ormed 6intra1$re@uen0y +ard
+ando,er s+ould /e tri**ered8 in t+e $ollo9in* s0enarios)
4+en t+e intra1$re@uen0y +ando,er +appens5 t+e U" is usin* t+e transmit
di,ersity in t+e a0ti,e set 0ell /ut t+e tar*et 0ell does not support t+e transmit
di,ersity)
T+e intra1$re@uen0y measurement report does not 0ontain O.. and TM o$ t+e
!T" #on$idential Proprietary % &01& !T" #O'PO'ATIO() All ri*+ts reser,ed) AD
tar*et 0ell)
4+en t+e intra1$re@uen0y +ando,er +appens /et9een '(#s5 t+e Iur inter$a0e is
una,aila/le)
T+e U" per$orms t+e multiuser dete0tion in t+e a0ti,e set 0ell5 /ut t+e tar*et 0ell
does not support t+e multiuser dete0tion)
T+e tar*et 0ell and t+e ori*inal 0ell /elon* to di$$erent 0lassi$i0ations 6T+e 0ells
o$ 'DD5 '5Q'DD5 and 'CQ'5Q'DD /elon* to t+e same 0lassi$i0ation 9+ile t+e
0ells o$ '5 and 'CQ'5 /elon* to anot+er 0lassi$i0ation8)
Inte&4*&e@uen'y +a&d +ando$e&s. T+e inter1$re@uen0y +ard +ando,er means a U"
0onne0tion is +anded o,er $rom a 0ell o$ a UT'A( $re@uen0y to a 0ell o$ anot+er
$re@uen0y) Many $a0tors5 in0ludin* t+e radio @uality5 t+e load5 and t+e speed o$ t+e
mo,in* U"5 may tri**er inter1$re@uen0y +ard +ando,ers)
.or e<ample5 t+e radio @uality tri**ers t+e inter1$re@uen0y +ard +ando,er in t+e
$ollo9in* 9ayI
4+en t+e @uality o$ t+e U" radio $re@uen0y /e0omes lo9er5 t+e inter1$re@uen0y
measurement 9ill /e tri**ered5 and a00ordin* to t+e measurement result5 t+e U"
0onne0tion 9ill /e +anded o,er to a /etter $re@uen0y)
!T" #on$idential Proprietary % &01& !T" #O'PO'ATIO() All ri*+ts reser,ed) B0
3.3././ %a&d %ando$e& Optimization lo,'+a&t
.i*ure B11A ;ard +ando,er optimization $lo90+art
"<tra0t
per$orman0e data
TOP (
0ell $ilterin*
Analyze a sin*le
0ell
1) #+e07 ("
alarms
&) Asso0iate
emer*en0ies
A) #ompare
parameter
0on$i*urations
B) Asso0iate
indi0ators
5) =o0ate t+e
$ault
0ompre+ensi,ely
"<ist or
not
;andle alarms
Sol,ed or
not
Jes
Jes
"nd
(o
"<ist or
not
;andle
emer*en0ies
Sol,ed or
not
Jes
(o
"<ist or
not
#orre0t 9ron*
parameter
0on$i*urations
Sol,ed or
not
Jes
(o
(o
=ist related
indi0ator 0ounters
'T4P
'esour0e
limit
indi0ators
#+e07?
analysis o$
inter$eren0e
Optimization
analysis o$
resour0e limit
#ounters related to inter1
$re@uen0y +ando,er $ailures
#A01110B8D #A0111051C
#A01110BDD #A0111051
#A01110500 #A01110518
#A01110501 #A0111051D
#A0111050& #A011105&0
#A0111050A #A011105&1
#A0111050B #A011105&&
#A01110505 #A011105&A
Sol,ed or
not
Jes
Jes
(o
:ri,e TestQ
'(#si*nalin*
tra0e
Jes
#ounters related to
+ard +ando,er
$ailures
A00B1 A00B&
A00BA A00BB
A00B5 A00BC
A00B A00B8
#ell +and1inE
+and1out
indi0ators
(o
(o
!T" #on$idential Proprietary % &01& !T" #O'PO'ATIO() All ri*+ts reser,ed) B&
3.3./.1 %a&d %ando$e& Optimization Met+ods
T+e optimization $lo9 $or t+e +ard +ando,er is similar to t+at o$ t+e so$t +ando,er) T+e
maFor di$$eren0es are in t+e parameter optimization) To optimize intra1$re@uen0y +ard
+ando,ers5 you 0an properly redu0e t+e ",ent 0D +ysteresis and t+e time to tri**er ",ent
0D a00ordin* to t+e real radio en,ironment to ensure timely +ando,ers)
Inter1$re@uen0y 0o,era*e is o$ten applied to some spe0ial s0enarios su0+ as indoor
0o,era*e and tested t+rou*+ #2T) T+e met+od o$ Fud*in* 9+et+er t+ere is missed
0on$i*uration o$ t+e inter1$re@uen0y nei*+/orin* 0ell is almost t+e same as t+at o$ t+e 0o1
$re@uen0y nei*+/orin* 0ellI 9+en a 0all drop o00urs5 t+e U" $ails to measure or report t+e
inter1$re@uen0y nei*+/orin* 0ellR a$ter t+e 0all drop5 t+e U" resides in t+e inter1$re@uen0y
nei*+/orin* 0ell a*ain)
T+e 0ommon +ard +ando,er pro/lems areI
1) T+e +ando,er is not prompt) T+e 0ommon symptoms are $re@uent 0all drops in t+e
+ard +ando,ers 9+en t+e U" mo,es)
SolutionsI
In0rease t+e t+res+old o$ a0ti,atin* t+e 0ompressin* mode) T+e 0ompressin* mode
is usually a0ti,ated /e$ore t+e inter1$re@uen0y +ando,er or t+e inter1'AT +ando,er5
and it is used to measure t+e @uality o$ t+e inter1$re@uen0y or inter1'AT 0ell) Jou 0an
set a t+res+old o$ t+e #PI#; 'S#P or "0EIo to a0ti,ate t+e 0ompressin* mode) And
t+e 'S#P is 9idely used)
'e@uirements on settin* t+e t+res+old o$ a0ti,atin* t+e 0ompressin* modeI
>e$ore t+e 0ell @uality /e0omes lo9 enou*+ to 0ause a 0all drop5 t+e si*nal o$
t+e tar*et 0ell s+ould /e measured and reported5 and t+e +ando,er s+ould /e
per$ormed)
'e@uirement on settin* t+e t+res+old o$ dea0ti,atin* t+e 0ompression modeI
.re@uent a0ti,ationEdea0ti,ation o$ t+e 0ompression mode s+ould /e a,oided)
In0rease #IOs o$ t+e inter1$re@uen0y 0ell pair)
'edu0e t+e t+res+old o$ tri**erin* t+e tar*et $re@uen0y +ando,er under t+e inter1
$re@uen0y 0o,era*e)
&) T+ere are pin*pon* +ando,ers)
Solution. In0rease t+e +ard +ando,er +ysteresis and t+e time to tri**er t+e e,ent)
!T" #on$idential Proprietary % &01& !T" #O'PO'ATIO() All ri*+ts reser,ed) BA
3.3.1 Optimization o* Inte&4!AT %ando$e&s
3.3.1.1 #on*i0u&in0 7asi' Inte&4!AT Pa&amete&s
Most o$ t+e inter1'AT +ando,er $ailures are 0aused /y in0omplete parameter
0on$i*uration) T+e $ollo9in* parameters need spe0ial attention)
#omplete '(# parameter 0on$i*uration $or t+e GSM nei*+/orin* 0ellI T+e &G
system s+all pro,ide t+e AG system 9it+ t+e 0orre0t radio parameters /ased on
ne*otiation P M##5 M(#5 =A#5 I: 6#I85 (##5 >##5 $re@uen0y /and indi0ator 6D00
or 180085 and >##;)
Ta/le B1A Parameters T+at &G S+all Pro,ide to AG
M## MN# LA#
I(
#I
N## 7##
&e@uen'y
)and
indi'ato&
7##%
BC0 & &0& 1DA 0 0 D00 10&
#omplete GSM >S# parameter 0on$i*uration $or t+e 4#:MA nei*+/orin* 0ellI T+e
AG system s+all pro,ide t+e &G system 9it+ t+e 0orre0t radio parameters /ased on
ne*otiation P M##5 M(#5 =A#5 '(# I:5 0ell I: 6#OI:85 do9nlin7 $re@uen0y5
s0ram/lin* 0ode5 and 'A#)
Ta/le B1B Parameters T+at AG S+all Pro,ide to &G
M## MN# LA#
!N#
I(
#ell I(
#DI(
(o,nlin6
*&e@uen'y
S'&am)lin0
'ode
!A#
BC0 A &0 18 51 108 51 &0
A00ordin* to t+e 0urrent strate*y o$ one19ay inter1'AT +ando,ers5 i$ t+e parameter
0on$i*uration is 0omplete5 one pro/a/le 0ause o$ t+e inter1'AT +ando,er $ailure is t+at t+e
+ando,er is not prompt) T+e 0ommon parameter adFustment is to in0rease #IO5 t+e
t+res+old to a0ti,ateEdea0ti,ate t+e 0ompressin* mode5 and t+e t+res+old to tri**er t+e
4#:MA1to1GSM +ando,er at t+e same time)
#all drops durin* t+e inter1'AT +ando,ers /et9een 4#:MA and GSM may /e 0aused
/yI
In0onsistent data 0on$i*uration at t+e GSM side and t+e 4#:MA side a$ter
GSM modi$ies t+e 0on$i*uration data /ut does not in$orm 4#:MA)
Missed 0on$i*uration o$ nei*+/orin* 0ells5 9+i0+ 0an /e sol,ed /y t+e 0orre0t
0on$i*uration o$ nei*+/orin* 0ells)
Too $ast si*nal 0+an*es)
!T" #on$idential Proprietary % &01& !T" #O'PO'ATIO() All ri*+ts reser,ed) BB
Pin*pon* resele0tion)
.aults 9it+ t+e U"5 $or e<ample5 t+e U" $ails to respond to t+e +ando,er or
report t+e inter1'AT measurement report)
#+an*es o$ t+e /est ser,er durin* t+e p+ysi0al 0+annel reallo0ation)
4ron* =A# 0on$i*uration5 9+i0+ 0an /e lo0ated t+rou*+ data 0on$i*uration
0+e07)
3.3.1./ Inte&4!AT %ando$e& Optimization lo,'+a&t
.i*ure B11B Inter1'AT +ando,er optimization $lo90+art
!T" #on$idential Proprietary % &01& !T" #O'PO'ATIO() All ri*+ts reser,ed) BC
"<tra0t
per$orman0e data
TOP (
0ell $ilterin*
Analyze a sin*le
0ell
1) #+e07 ("
alarms
&) Asso0iate
emer*en0ies
A) #ompare
parameter
0on$i*urations
B) Asso0iate
indi0ators
5) =o0ate t+e
$ault
0ompre+ensi,ely
"<ist or
not
;andle alarms
Sol,ed or
not
Jes
Jes
"nd
(o
(o
"<ist or
not
;andle
emer*en0ies
Sol,ed or
not
Jes
(o
(o
"<ist or
not
#orre0t 9ron*
parameter
0on$i*urations
Sol,ed or
not
Jes
(o
(o
=ist related
indi0ator 0ounters
'T4P
'esour0e
limit
indi0ators
#+e07?
analysis o$
inter$eren0e
Optimization
analysis o$
resour0e limit
#ounters related to inter1'AT
+ando,er $ailures
#A011A0CC #A011A0C81
#A011A0CC8 #A011A0C8&
#A011A0CCD #A011A0CD0
#A011A0C0 #A011A0CD1
#A011A0C1 #A011A0CD&
#A011A0C& #A011A0CDA
#A011A0CA #A011A0CDB
#A011A0CB #A011A0CDC
#A011A0C5 #A011A0CD
#A011A0C #A011A0CD8
#A011A0C8 #A011A0CDD
#A011A0CD #A011A000
#A011A0C80
Sol,ed or
not
Jes
Jes
(o
:ri,e TestQ
'(#si*nalin*
tra0e
Jes
#ounters related to
inter1'AT +ando,er
$ailures
#ell +and1inE
+and1out
indi0ators
A00BD A0050
A0051 A005&
A005A A005B
!T" #on$idential Proprietary % &01& !T" #O'PO'ATIO() All ri*+ts reser,ed) B
3.8 Optimization o* !esou&'e Indi'ato&s
T+e resour0e indi0ators dire0tly re$le0t t+e system 0apa0ity) In0reasin* su/s0ri/ers 9ill
0onsume more system resour0es and some resour0es may /e limitedR $or e<ample5 t+e
0ode resour0e may /e limited5 t+e T#P a00ess re@uest may /e reFe0ted5 and t+e #"
resour0e usa*e rate may e<0eed t+e t+res+old) =imited system resour0es +a,e a ne*ati,e
in$luen0e on t+e 9+ole1net9or7 indi0ators and t+e su/s0ri/ersG per0eptionR $or e<ample5
0all drops may $re@uently +appen and more T#P a00ess re@uests may /e reFe0ted durin*
t+e ,oi0e ser,i0es)
Ta/le B15 'esour0e KPIs and Alarm T+res+olds
!esou&'e type KPI No. and name
Ala&m
t+&es+old
T#P
#A01A&0150 (um/er o$ reFe0ted ser,i0es5 :#;
do9nlin7 T#P limit
50
PIA01C A,era*e non1;S 6SOA8 6SOA8:PA T#P B0H
PIA00D& Ma<imum #ell T#P 6H8 100H
PIA00DA A,era*e #ell T#P 0H
U= Tra$$i0
PIA00&D ;ando,er >lo07in* 'ate 0)5H
KPI 'T4P 6in /usy +our8 1D8 d>m
#ode
#A01A&015A (um/er o$ reFe0ted ser,i0es5 :#;
no 0ode
50
PIA0&05 A,era*e #ell ;SUPA Users 1&
PIA01& #ell A,era*e ;S:PA Users 1C
#"
PIA018A000C Ma<imum use 'atio o$ Uplin7
(ode> #"
C0H
PIA018A0010 Ma<imum use 'atio o$ :o9nlin7
(ode> #"
C0H
3.8.1 !esou&'e Indi'ato& Optimization lo,'+a&t
.i*ure B115 'esour0e indi0ator optimization $lo90+art
!T" #on$idential Proprietary % &01& !T" #O'PO'ATIO() All ri*+ts reser,ed) BD
"<tra0t
per$orman0e data
TOP (
0ell $ilterin*
Analyze a sin*le
0ell
1) #+e07 ("
alarms
&) Asso0iate
emer*en0ies
A) #ompare
parameter
0on$i*urations
B) Asso0iate
indi0ators
5) =o0ate t+e
$ault
0ompre+ensi,ely
"<ist or
not
;andle alarms
Sol,ed or
not
Jes
"nd
(o
(o
"<ist or
not
;andle
emer*en0ies
Sol,ed or
not
Jes
(o
(o
"<ist or
not
#orre0t 9ron*
parameter
0on$i*urations
Sol,ed or
not
Jes
(o
(o
=ist related
indi0ator 0ounters
#ode
resour0e
indi0ators
#" resour0e
indi0ators
T#P
admission
reFe0t
0ounter
#A01A&0150
Sol,ed or
not
Jes
Jes
(o
:ri,e TestQ
'(#si*nalin*
tra0e
Jes
#ounter
related to
T#P limit
#ell TN
po9er
indi0ators
A00D0 A00D1
A00D& A00DA
A01CC A01C
A01C8 A01CD
A010 A011
A01CA
A01CB
A01C5
A005
A0&&A
A0&&B
A0B50
A0B51
Jes
Jes
3.8./ #ode !esou&'e Optimization
T+e statisti0s o$ (um/er o$ reFe0ted ser,i0es and :#; no 0ode5 t+e a,era*e 0ode
resour0e usa*e rate and t+e num/er o$ t+e ;S:PA su/s0ri/ers 0an /e used to Fud*e
9+et+er t+e 0ode resour0e in a 0ell is limited) I$ t+e 0ode resour0e is limited5 you 0an
adFust t+e 0ode resour0e allo0ation to alle,iate t+e situation)
>ased on t+e system al*orit+m5 9+en .ormula 1 is satis$ied5 you 0an add an ;S1P:S#;R
9+en .ormula & is satis$ied5 t+en an ;S1P:S#; is deleted)
.ormula 1I O0u'ate(o;spds0+ Q O0u'ate;spds0+ Q Dpc-Code1, Q A& TS 51&
.ormula &I O0u'ate(o;spds0+ Q O0u'ate;spds0+ Q CodeUpt1,A U 51&
O0u'ate;spds0+;SP:S#; means t+e num/er o$ t+e 0odes o$ S.S51& /lo07ed /y t+e
;S1P:S#;5 O0u'ate(o;spds0+ means t+e num/er o$ 0odes o$ S.S51& /lo07ed /y
ot+er 0+annels5 :p0+#ode;y means t+e num/er o$ 0odes o$ S.S51& reser,ed $or t+e
:P#;5 and #odeUpt;yA is t+e t+res+old to de0ide 9+et+er to delete t+e ;SP:S#;)
T+ere$ore5 to ensure t+e a00ess o$ t+e 'DD su/s0ri/ers5 you 0an ma7e some adFustment
a00ordin* to Ta/le B1C 9+en t+e 0ode resour0e is limited5 t+ou*+ t+e ;S:PA rate may
de0rease)
Ta/le B1C AdFustin* #ode 'esour0e Allo0ation
A))&e$iation
Pa&amete&
name
!an0e
and step
#u&&ent
$alue
Update
$alue
!ema&6
:p0+#ode;y
:P#; #ode
;ysteresis
0))51& 1C &8
To de0rease t+e
num/er o$ reFe0ted
ser,i0es $or :#; no
0ode
#odeUpt;yA
#ode
Update
;ysteresis A
0))51& 1C &8
To de0rease t+e
num/er o$ reFe0ted
ser,i0es $or :#; no
0ode
3.8.1 Monito&in0 #E !esou&'e
T+e #" resour0e is mainly monitored t+rou*+ t+e ma<imum U" uplin7Edo9nlin7 usa*e
rate) I$ t+ere is any pro/lem5 you 0an sol,e it /y 0ontrollin* t+e load or addin* more
/oards)
3.8.3 Optimization o* Po,e& #ont&ol
3.8.3.1 Monito&in0 and Optimizin0 (o,nlin6 Po,e& #ont&ol
=imited T#P in /usy +ours 9ill not only in0rease a00ess $ailures and 0all drops in t+e lo0al
0ell /ut also in0rease so$t +ando,er $ailures and 0all drops in t+e nei*+/orin* 0ells)
(um/er o$ reFe0ted ser,i0es and :#; do9nlin7 T#P limit are intuiti,e KPIs to Fud*e
9+et+er T#P is limited) Alt+ou*+ limited uplin7 0apa0ity and massi,e U" mo,es in t+e
rus+ +ours may also 0ause 0all drops5 t+e limited T#P is a/solutely a 7ey $a0tor)
>ased on t+e system al*orit+m Min;sdpaPo9er 6Min;spaP9r'to8 Q (o;sPo9er U(ode
>5 i$ t+e sa$ety t+res+old is used 6Min;sdpaPo9er means t+e po9er reser,ed $or ;SPA85
t+en it 9ill a0ti,ate t+e do9nlin7 rate do9n*rade al*orit+m $lo9 $or t+e 0on*estion 6lo9er
t+e do9nlin7 :#; rate8) Alt+ou*+ t+e rate do9n*rade 0an ensure a00ess o$ some
su/s0ri/ers5 it is an irre*ular a0tion and 9ill de*rade t+e per$orman0e)
3.8.8 Speedin0 up !ate (o,n0&ade
#onsiderin* t+at t+e 0ells 9it+ +ea,y load reFe0t more a00ess re@uests5 you 0an speed up
t+e rate do9n*rade durin* t+e resour0e 0on*estion to release t+e resour0es as soon as
possi/le and a,oid 0all drops 0aused /y a00ess $ailures 6t+is met+od is only appli0a/le to
t+e 0ells 9it+ many PS ser,i0e users /ut not t+ose 9it+ only #S ser,i0e users8) Ta/le B1
is an e<ample o$ t+e parameter modi$i0ation $or t+e rate do9n*rade)
Ta/le B1 "<ample o$ Parameter Modi$i0ation $or 'ate :o9n*rade
A))&e$iation Pa&amete& name
!an0e and
step
#u&&ent
$alue
Update
$alue
!ema&6
Ul:nMa<St* Ma<imum (um/er
o$ :e*raded
Uplin7 =oad Steps
",ery Time
V15 8W 1 & :o9n*rade
$rom A8B K/ps
to 1C K/ps
:l:nMa<St* Ma<imum (um/er
o$ :e*raded
:o9nlin7 =oad
Steps ",ery Time
V15 8W 1 A :o9n*rade
$rom A8B K/ps
to 8 K/ps
3.8.2 Monito&in0 and Optimizin0 Uplin6 #apa'ity
;ando,er >lo07in* 'ate and 'T4P 0an re$le0t t+e uplin7 0apa0ity o$ t+e 0ell) >e0ause
inter$eren0e may also in0rease 'T4P5 t+is $a0tor s+ould /e distin*uis+ed durin* t+e
'T4P monitorin*) Anot+er e$$e0ti,e indi0ator is t+e ,oi0e ser,i0e erl) I$ a 0ell +as o,er &0
erls in /usy +ours5 you s+ould pay spe0ial attention to it)
!T" #on$idential Proprietary % &01& !T" #O'PO'ATIO() All ri*+ts reser,ed) 5&
3.8.: Optimization o* Uplin6 #apa'ity at t+e -+ole Net,o&6 Le$el
#ase. T+e uplin7 0apa0ity 9as limited in a lar*e num/er o$ sites a$ter t+e 0uto,er5 and t+e
symptoms are a s+arp rise o$ 'T4P and a +i*+ 0all drop rate durin* t+e rus+ +ours)
A$ter t+e $ollo9in* parameters 9ere modi$ied as s+o9n in Ta/le B185 t+e pro/lem 9as
sol,ed)
Ta/le B18 "<ample o$ Po9er #ontrol Parameter Modi$i0ation
A))&e$iation
Pa&amete&
name
!an0e
#u&&ent
$alue
Update
$alue
U=I(ITSI'
Uplin7 Initial SI'
tar*et 6d>8
U= A)B KE1A)C K
si*nalin*5 U= 1&)& K
AM'
B15 A)5
U=MANSI'
Ma<imum Uplin7
SI' tar*et 6d>8
U= A)B KE1A)C K
AM'
15 10
UlSirTar*:nStep
Uplin7 SI'
Tar*et :o9n
Step Size 6d>8
U= A)B KE1A)C K
AM'
0)1 0)&
3.8.9 Optimization o* Uplin6 #apa'ity *o& a Sin0le #ell
A lot o$ optimization measures 0an /e ta7en to /rin* do9n t+e risin* 'T4P) ;o9e,er5
9it+ in0reasin* su/s0ri/ers5 t+e 0apa0ity may still /e limited in some area 9+ile $urt+er
modi$i0ation o$ SirTar*et 9ill o/,iously de*rade t+e 0all @uality o$ t+e 9+ole net9or7 and
undermine t+e su/s0ri/ersG per0eption) In t+is 0ase5 you 0an adFust t+e po9er 0ontrol
parameters $or a sin*le site t+at +as +ea,y tra$$i0 in t+e $ollo9in* 9ayI add one set o$
:i,P0 parameters and use t+is set o$ parameters only $or t+is site)
#ase. Ta/le B1D s+o9s an e<ample o$ t+e po9er 0ontrol parameter modi$i0ation) A$ter t+is
modi$i0ation5 t+e 0all drop rate in t+e site 9it+ +ea,y tra$$i0 de0reased to one @uarter o$ t+e
ori*inal one)
Ta/le B1D "<ample o$ Po9er #ontrol Parameter Modi$i0ation $or ;ea,y1Tra$$i0 #ell
S!VTEPE ULINITSI! ULMAFSI! ULMINSI!
0 A)51U1)5 10)01UA)5 &)01U1)0
10B B)01U&)0 15)01U5)0 0)51U0
&8 A)51U1)5 10)01UA)5 0)51U0
50 C)01U&)0 15)01U5)0 &)01U0
5B C)01U&)0 15)01U5)0 &)01U0
!T" #on$idential Proprietary % &01& !T" #O'PO'ATIO() All ri*+ts reser,ed) 5A

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