PROJECTINTHEPHILIPPINES

Edna Gapuz
Director, Environment Management Office, Center for Sustainable Human
Development, Development Academy of the Philippines
Workshop on Waste Plastics Management in Developing Countries
1-4 March 2011, AIST Tsukuba
Outline Outline
ProjectOverview
PhilippinesPlastic
Industry
NationalPolicyonSolid y
WasteManagement
CebuCityWastePlastics
Baseline
AssessmentofCurrent
WasteManagement
System
d Recommendation
Overview Overview
UNEPDTIEIETCandDAPProjectaimstobuildlocal
capacitytodevelopaPlasticwasteinventoryandassess
thecurrentwasteplasticsmanagementplanatcitylevel
IdentifyandimplementESTfortheconversionofwaste y p
plasticsintoaresource
Assesspotentialforresourceconservationandgreenhouse p g
gas(GHG)emissionsreduction
Assess feasibility with respects to local socioeconomic and Assessfeasibilitywithrespectstolocalsocio economicand
environmentalcharacteristics
Draft a pilot project to demonstrate conversion of waste Draftapilotprojecttodemonstrateconversionofwaste
plasticstofuel
Plastics Industry Profile in Philippines y pp
Plastics Industry Profile in Philippines y pp
Plastics Industry Profile in Philippines y pp
Philippines Plastic Industry Philippines Plastic Industry
Philippines Plastic Industry Philippines Plastic Industry
Philippines Plastic Industry Philippines Plastic Industry
Philippines Plastic Industry Philippines Plastic Industry
Philippines Plastic Industry Philippines Plastic Industry
Philippine Ecological Solid Waste Management
P li R bli A t 9003 Policy: Republic Act 9003
January 26, 2001
Approval of RA 9003
February 16, 2001
Effectivity of RA 9003
December 21, 2001
Signing of the IRR of RA 9003
F b 16 2004 February 16, 2004
All Open Dumpsites should have been closed
or converted to Controlled Disposal Facilities (Sec. or converted to Controlled Disposal Facilities (Sec.
37)
February 16, 2006
All Controlled Disposal Facilities shall be
deemed closed and phase-out (Sec. 37)
Solid Waste under RA 9003 Solid Waste under RA 9003
> discarded household
commercial waste
> non-hazardous
institutional and
industrial waste
> street sweepings g
> construction debris
> agricultural waste
> other non-hazardous/
non-toxic wastes
Institutional Institutional Structure Structure (Sec. 4) (Sec. 4) ( ) ( )
DENR EMB NSWMC/S
National Solid Waste
Management Commission
(Policy Making)
DENR-EMB-NSWMC/S
(Technical Support
& Enforcement )
Ecological Solid Waste
Management Act
Local Government
Units
(Implementation)
Waste Generators/Citizens
ROLE OF THE LGU (Sec 10) ROLE OF THE LGU (Sec. 10)
primarily responsible for the implementation and
enforcement of the provisions of this Act within
their respective jurisdictions
barangay level shall conduct segregation and
collection of solid waste for biodegradable,
t bl d bl t compostable and reusable wastes
municipality or city shall be responsible for the municipality or city shall be responsible for the
collection of non-recyclable materials and special
wastes
Creation of the following Solid Waste Creation of the following Solid Waste
Management Boards at the Local Management Boards at the Local Management Boards at the Local Management Boards at the Local
Government Level Government Level::
City/Municipal City/Municipal
SWM Board
(Sec. 12)
SWM Board
(Sec. 12)
Provincial SWMBoard (Sec 11)
Barangay SWM
C itt (S
Barangay SWM
C itt (S
Provincial SWMBoard (Sec 11) Provincial SWM Board (Sec. 11)
Committee (Sec.
12)
Committee (Sec.
12)
Provincial SWM Board (Sec. 11)
COMPLIANCE with RA 9003 for LGUs CO C t 9003 o GUs
Sec 21 Segregation at Source
Sec 23 Segregated Collection
Sec 33 - Recovery/Recycling Systems y y g y
Sec 37 Closure/Conversion of Open
Dumps to CDF Dumps to CDF
Controlled Disposal Facilities
Final Disposal Systems
COMPLIANCE with RA 9003 for LGUs CO C t 9003 o GUs
Sec 21 Segregation at Source
The most indispensable element of any The most indispensable element of any
effective ESWM Program
Proven by the enactment of an Ordinance that Proven by the enactment of an Ordinance that
mandates at Municipal Solid Wastes (MSW)
must be segregated at source and placed in at must be segregated at source and placed in at
least 3 separate containers, (a) Compostables,
(b) R l bl d ( ) R id l (b) Recyclables, and (c) Residuals
Compliance is monitored through Barangay
Level Monitoring Systems
Classification of Waste under Classification of Waste under RA 9003 RA 9003 Classification of Waste under Classification of Waste under RA 9003 RA 9003
Recyclables Compostable
s
Special Wastes
Non-recyclables/residuals
COMPOSTABLE WASTE
Compost abl e wast es ar e bi odegr adabl e
wast es suc h as f ood wast e, gar den wast e and
ani mal wast e.
Examples are: Examples are:
Fruit and vegetable peelings, leftover foods,
vegetable trims, fish/fowl/meat/animal entrails/,
ft h ll d l t soft shells, seeds, leaves, etc.,
Recycl abl e mat er i al s r ef er t o any wast e
RECYCLABLE WASTE
Recycl abl e mat er i al s r ef er t o any wast e
mat er i al r et r i eved f r om t he wast e
st r eam and f r ee f r om c ont ami nat i on
t hat c an st i l l be c onver t ed i nt o sui t abl e t hat c an st i l l be c onver t ed i nt o sui t abl e
benef i c i al use.
Examples are:
Newspaper, ferrous and non-ferrous
scrap metals, corrugated cardboard,
aluminum, tin cans, glass, papers, etc., , , g , p p , ,
SPECI AL WASTE
Spec i al wast e r ef er t o househol d hazar dous
wast es.
Examples are: Examples are:
Paints, thinner, household batteries, lead-acid
batteries, spray canisters, bulky wastes, consumer
electronics (which refer to worn-out, broken and
other discarded items), white goods (which refer to
large worn-out or broken household appliances),
il ti t oil, tires, etc.,
RESI DUAL WASTE
Resi dual wast es ar e sol i d wast e mat er i al s
t hat ar e non-c ompost abl e and non-r ec ycl abl e.
Examples are:
SSanitary napkins, disposable diapers, worn-out
rugs, ceramics, candy wrappers/sachets, cartons
which contain a plastic lining usually used for
ilk d j i t i t milk and juice containers, etc.,
Solid Waste Composition
S i l/H d 1% Special/Hazardous, 1%
Metals, 5%
Residuals, 4%
Gl 3% Glass, 3%
Food and
Other
organics
Paper,
12%
organics,
50%
Plastics,
25% 25%
Waste Analysis and Characterization Survey (WACS)-Metro Manila Solid Waste
Management Project, ADB 2003
Cur r ent
Rec yc l i ng
Industries
Households
Commercial
Establishments
Rec yc l i ng
Syst em i n t he
Phi l i ppi nes
Reuse
Segregated & Retained
at Source
Waste
Discarded
Collection Truck
Waste Pickers
A t /
Collection Truck
Sold to
T d
Sent to
Landfill
Truck
Workers
Agents /
Middlemen
MRF
Collectors
Export
Traders Landfill
Workers
Scavengers
Landfill
Recycling
Industries
g
Import
Traders
(1) Door -t o-Door Col l ec t i on
Col l ec t or s move ar ound t he t ar get ar ea and g
c ol l ec t r ec yc l abl e mat er i al s f r om house-t o-house
(2) St at i onar y Col l ec t i on
Col l ec t i on syst em ut i l i zi ng MRFs t hat ar e set up Col l ec t i on syst em ut i l i zi ng MRFs t hat ar e set up
w i t hi n or near t he t ar get ed c ol l ec t i on ar ea
(3) Wast e Col l ec t i on by Tr uc k s
Gar bage t r uc k w or k er s segr egat e r ec yc l abl e mat er i al s g g g y
w hi l e c ol l ec t i ng gar bage f r om house-t o-house
(4) Dumpsi t e Sc avengi ng
Sc avenger s c ol l ec t r ec yc l abl e mat er i al s f r om g y
t he mi x ed w ast es di sposed i n dumpsi t es
(5) J unk shops/Mi ddl emen/Agent s
I ndi vi dual s or pr emi ses buy r ec yc l abl e mat er i al s f r om t he
pr i mar y c ol l ec t or s i nc l udi ng sc avenger s w ast e pi c k er s and pr i mar y c ol l ec t or s i nc l udi ng sc avenger s, w ast e pi c k er s and
i ndi vi dual s
(6) Tr ader s (Lar ger Sc al e Mi ddl emen)
I ndi vi dual s or pr emi ses buy r ec yc l abl e mat er i al s f r om
pr i mar y c ol l ec t or s and smal l j unk shops and somet i mes pr i mar y c ol l ec t or s and smal l j unk shops, and somet i mes
c ar r y-out pr e-t r eat ment , e.g., c ompac t i ng, shr eddi ng
Material Flow of Waste Plastics in the
Phili i Philippines
Local Supply of
Recycled Plastic
(C )
Supply of
Imported
(A) +(B)
Local Production of
Virgin RM
(D) net of export
Export of Virgin
RM local RM
production exported
Supply of Plastic RM in the Philippines
288,000 596,480 128,762 83,271
Import of Plastic
Finished Product
(E)
Total Available Finished Plastic Products in RP
(A) +(B) +(C ) +(D) +(E)
344,493
Export of Plastic
Finished
Product
1,357,735
Total Plastic for Domestic Consumption
(A) +(B) +(C ) +(D) +(E) - (F)
Product
(F)
96,330
Export of
Recycled Plastics
Recycled
net of export
Kept & Still in
Use
Final
Disposal
1,261,405
Recycled Plastics net of export Use Disposal
44,733
574,309 399,096
Source: National Statistics Office
243,267
973,405
Data on Recycling are PPIA estimates on MPRAI and Non-MPRAI operating capacities
Waste Plastics into Fuel
C b Cit Phili i C Cebu City, Philippines Case
Selection Criteria Selection Criteria
Quantity and characteristics of waste plastics;
Possible application of fuels derived from
waste plastics; p
Local commitment and interest;
Existence of enabling policy; Existence of enabling policy;
Favorable political environment; and
Presence of potential project partners
Cebu City as Project Site Cebu City as Project Site
Oldest Philippine city
Second international gateway in the country Second international gateway in the country
Center of economic activities in the Visayas and
Mindanao areas
Second largest urban economic center in the
country.
29,124.78 hectares, 5,598.53 hectares of which are
classified as urban
80 ill / B ith 46 t th N th Di t i t 80 villages/ Barangays with 46 at the North District
and 34 at the South District.
50 are classified as urban and the rest rural 50 are classified as urban and the rest rural
Cebu City as Project Site Cebu City as Project Site
pegged solid waste reduction targets that push the
LGU to perform better in SWM.
First, in the 4th Kitakyushu Initiative Network Meeting
(J une 2007), Cebu City committed to reduce waste
generation by 50% to be monitored until 2010 generation by 50%, to be monitored until 2010
Second, the City Solid Waste Management Board
(CSWMB) target for 2015 is to make Cebu the (CSWMB) target for 2015 is to make Cebu the
cleanest and greenest city in the country (Ten-year
plan 2005-2014) plan, 2005 2014).
Cebu City LGUs desire to reduce waste generation.
pilotingof the biodegradable waste in eight barangays piloting of the biodegradable waste in eight barangays
(The smallest political unit in the Philippines)
Based on Cebu Citys 2006 Waste
A t Assessment
organic waste was found to be 50.56% of
the total waste
plastics was at 16.87%.
Paper was third at 16 18% Paper was third at 16.18%.
Other wastes included mixed residue at
7 84% metal at 3 51% special aste at 7.84%, metal at 3.51%, special waste at
2.00%, glass at 1.63%, construction
t i l 1 00% h d t 0 32% materials 1.00%, hazardous waste 0.32%
and electronic waste at 0.10%.
Classification of Waste Plastic Based
2006 L dFill A t on 2006 LandFill Assessment
0.43% Styrofoam,
6.60% are shopping bags and pp g g
9.84% are classified as other kinds of
plastics plastics.
Waste Sectors WasteSectors
CommercialSector Wastesdisposedbybusinesses,
institutionsandmarketplacesthatthatarecollected
andtransportedbyprivateandgovernmenthaulers.
ResidentialSector Wastesdisposedbyhouseholds
collectedandtransportedbyprivateand
governmenthaulers.
IndustrialSector Wastegeneratedfromindustrial
areasandtransportedbyprivateandgovernment areasandtransportedbyprivateandgovernment
haulers.
Baseline in 6 Pilot Barangays Baselinein6PilotBarangays
BarangayHipodromo
BarangayMabolo
BarangayLoregaSanMiguel
Barangay Luz BarangayLuz
BarangayApas
BarangayBusay
*AllarelocatedintheNorthDistrict
ReasonsforChoosingthepilotsites
L d hi f th i iti ti h b l t d t th Cit LeadershipoftheinitiativehasbeenelevatedtotheCity
Council,whichensuresachampionandadvocateforan
enablingpolicyfortheproject.
Newlyelecteddistrictrepresentativewhosemainplatformis
tomaketheNorthDistrictanEcozone.Thisdevelopment
providesawindowforprojectfundingfromtheCountryside p p j g y
DevelopmentFund(CDF),whichadistrictrepresentative
couldallocateaccordingtoherpriorities.
Supportive business sector through the Cebu Chamber of Supportivebusinesssector,throughtheCebuChamberof
Commerce,Inc.(CCCI)anditsmemberorganizations,
especiallythecommercialestablishments,suchastheCebu
Holdings Inc which is supportive of local solid waste HoldingsInc.,whichissupportiveoflocalsolidwaste
managementinitiativesandhasbeenassistingneighboring
barangays(includedintheclusterofseven),throughthe
Cebu Business Park and Neighbouring Barangays Altruistic CebuBusinessParkandNeighbouringBarangaysAltruistic
Alliance(CBPNBAAI)formorethanfiveyears.
Waste Material Types WasteMaterialTypes
l i O h Plastics:
1.PET (orPETE)
P l th li T hth l t
OtherWastes:
8.Paper
9 W d PolyethelineTerephthalate
2.HDPE HighDensity
Polyethylene
9.Wood
10.MixedWastes
Polyethylene
3.PVC PolyvinylChloride
4.LDPE LowDensity y
Polyethylene
5.PP Polypropylene
6.PS Polystyrene
7.O Otherplastics(often
polycarbonate or ABS polycarbonateorABS
Types of Plastics TypesofPlastics
Types of Plastics TypesofPlastics
Types of Plastics TypesofPlastics
Types of Plastics TypesofPlastics
Types of Plastics TypesofPlastics
Types of Plastics TypesofPlastics
Types of Plastics TypesofPlastics
Types of Plastics TypesofPlastics
Baseline Methodology BaselineMethodology
Fifteenhouseholdswereselectedperbarangay.Outofthefifteen
households,underthehighincomebracket(P20,000.00andabove),
middleincomebracket(P10,000.0019,999.00)andlowincomebracket
(P999 00 d b l ) (P999.00andbelow).
Wastecollectedincludeallwastegeneratedwithina24hourcycle,given
thewastecollectionisconducteddailyinthebarangays.
Sampling,however,wasnotdoneinconsecutivedays,butscheduled
basedonavailabilityoflocalpointpersonandwastesorters.
Wastecharacterizationwasdoneforfourdaysforthehouseholdsand
d f h onedayforothersectors.
Onthelastdayofsampling(fourthdayforhouseholds),wasteplastics
werecleaned,ifneeded,anddriedthroughsun/airdrying,basedonthe
eather weather.
Afterthewasteplastichasbeendried,theywereweighedagain.Further
classificationwasdonetoregistersoftandrigidplasticsafterdrying.
Household Waste Composition (in
kg/day/brgy): average per day: 17 tons
Barangay Hipodromo
LoregaSan
Miguel
Mabolo Apas Luz Busay Total
1 PET 11 45 40 51 65 79 101 11 2 48 26 15 247 49
kg/day/brgy): average per day: 17 tons
1 PET 11.45 40.51 65.79 101.11 2.48 26.15 247.49
2 HDPE 74.40 80.06 155.04 164.88 56.93 30.43 561.74
3 PVC 42.71 29.03 199.14 99.75 38.04 408.67
4 LDPE 190 39 191 65 277 53 71 38 22 28 2 22 755 45 4 LDPE 190.39 191.65 277.53 71.38 22.28 2.22 755.45
5 PP 8.93 9.08 7.35 69.23 15.35 26.94 136.88
6 PS 12.84 23.90 11.55 62.10 14.60 4.75 129.74
7 OTHERS 105 94 137 65 169 39 311 20 98 52 83 36 906 06 7 OTHERS 105.94 137.65 169.39 311.20 98.52 83.36 906.06
AVE.GEN
PLASTICS
446.65 511.88 686.64 979.03 309.91 211.89 3,146.00
Paper 279.30 308.75 260.38 713.27 155.70 230.75 1948.15
Wood 144.05 34.17 9.80 14.28 5.94 84.31 292.55
Metal 65.88 46.36 107.79 254.57 2.97 106.18 583.75
Gl 58 06 109 21 237 98 417 31 24 75 160 07 1 007 38 Glass 58.06 109.21 237.98 417.31 24.75 160.07 1,007.38
Bio 2,237.45 1,238.11 1,987.82 2,161.24 927.25 869.76 9,421.63
Otherwastes 134.00 149.24 109.89 136.80 27.23 7.13 564.29
TOTALAVE.
WASTEGEN
3,365.38 2,397.71 3,400.30 4,676.49 1,453.75 1,670.11 16,963.74
WasteTypegeneratedineachofthesix
bbarangay
biodegradableswiththetotalamountgeneratedin
thesixbarangaysat9,421.63kilogramsperday.
secondiswasteplasticat3,146.00kilograms.
Paper comes third at 1,948.15 kilograms, Papercomesthirdat1,948.15kilograms,
followedbyglassat1,007.38kilograms.
W d i th ll t t d t i th Woodisthesmallestgeneratedwasteinthe
householdsatanaverageof292.55kilogramsforthe
i b d sixbarangaysperday.
Type of Waste Plastics Generated TypeofWastePlasticsGenerated
PlastictypeNo.7(Othertypesofplastic) isbeinggenerated
atmostquantitydailyat906.06kilograms.
S d bi i d i N 4 LDPE 755 45 SecondbiggestquantitygeneratedisNo.4LDPEat755.45
kilogramsperday.
Third is HDPE at 561 74 kilograms ThirdisHDPEat561.74kilograms.
No.3PVCcomesfourthintermsofquantitiesat408.67
kilograms kilograms
Fifth,correspondingtoNo.1PET,is247.49kilograms.
L t t l ti t d i th i b th Leastwasteplasticgeneratedinthesixbarangaysarethe
No.5PPat136.88andNo.6PSat129.74kilograms.
Summary of Pilot Area Baseline SummaryofPilotAreaBaseline
TotalHouseholdWasteComposition(Averagein6
Barangays:57%biodegradables;18%plastics;12%
paper
1 PETE
2 HDPE
3%
Others
TotalHHWasteComposition
(ave.ofthe6brgys)
1 PETE
1%
3%
3 PVC
2%
4 LDPE
4%
5 PP
1%
6 PS
Bio
Others
3%
1%
7 OTHER
5%
Paper
12%
Bio
57%
Metal
3% Glass
6%
Wood
2%
PercentagesofeachTypeofWasteoverTotalWaste
Generated,HouseholdWasteComposition(in , p (
kg/day/brgy)
Barangay Hipodromo LoregaSanMiguel Mabolo Apas Luz Busay
PLASTICS 13.27% 21.35% 20.19% 20.94% 21.32% 12.69%
Paper
8.30% 12.88% 7.66% 15.25% 10.71% 13.82%
Paper
Wood
4.28% 1.43% 0.29% 0.31% 0.41% 5.05%
1 96% 1 93% 3 17% 5 44% 0 20% 6 36%
Metal
1.96% 1.93% 3.17% 5.44% 0.20% 6.36%
Glass
1.73% 4.55% 7.00% 8.92% 1.70% 9.58%
Bio
66.48% 51.64% 58.46% 46.21% 63.78% 52.08%
3.98% 6.22% 3.23% 2.93% 1.87% 0.43%
OtherWaste
Total
100%
100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
PlasticWasteComposition
(A f Si B ) (AverageofSixBarangays)
PETE 7%
HDPE 17%
PVC 13%
LDPE 25% LDPE25%
PP 5%
PS 4%
Other 29%
InstitutionalWasteComposition
(datafrom15pointsourcesin
5barangays
d t l fl t th l d i th WACS With thi dataonlyreflectsthesamplesduringtheWACS.Withthis
limitation,thedatashouldnotbeinterpretedas
representativeofthesectorsbutrather,onlyforthespecific
l t k f th t samplestakenfromthesesector.
Other
Institutional Waste Composition
Wood, 0%
Metal, 1%
Glass, 2%
Bio, 26%
Other
Wastes, 3
%
Plastics, 3
9%
Paper, 29%
CommercialWasteComposition
(datafrom16pointsources
in5barangays)
d t l fl t th l d i th WACS With thi dataonlyreflectsthesamplesduringtheWACS.Withthis
limitation,thedatashouldnotbeinterpretedas
representativeofthesectorsbutrather,onlyforthespecific
l t k f th t samplestakenfromthesesector.
Commercial Waste Composition
Plastics
5%
Paper
1%
Other
Wastes
60%
Wood
0%
Metal
Bio
eta
1%
Glass
3%
30%
3%
IndustrialWasteComposition
(data from Pacific Foundry, a metal (datafromPacificFoundry,ametal
companyinBarangayHippodromo)
d l fl h l d h h h l h dataonlyreflectsthesamplesduringtheWACS.Withthislimitation,the
datashouldnotbeinterpretedasrepresentativeofthesectorsbut
rather,onlyforthespecificsamplestakenfromthesesector.
Other
Wastes
1%
Industrial Waste Composition
Waste plastics come
fromdomestic waste
Wood
0%
Metal
4%
Glass
0%
Bio
14%
1%
from domestic waste
generated at the
companys
canteen/cafeteria
Plastics
58%
Paper
23%
0%
canteen/cafeteria
AverageMoistureContentofWaste
Pl i f H h ld B PlasticfromHouseholdsperBarangay
Barangay Hipodromo Lorega SM Mabolo Luz Apas Average Barangay Hipodromo LoregaSM Mabolo Luz Apas Average
Percentage 16.84% 16.42% 20.18% 53.13% 23.32%
10.03%
SoftandRigidWastePlastics
in Metric Tons inMetricTons
Barangay Hipodromo LoregaSM Mabolo Luz Apas Total
Rigid
1.080
0.520 1.250
0.320
0.050 2.850
Soft 2.685 2.740 1.790 3.160 0.990 7.215
Total 3.765 3.26 3.04 3.48 1.04 10.65
more soft plastics are being generated in the households
than rigid plastics. The values beloware for the five than rigid plastics. The values below are for the five
barangays where the washing (if needed) and drying,
were conducted.
Tenyear Waste Generation Projection Ten yearWasteGenerationProjection
YEAR
WasteGeneration(MT/day)
Hipodromo Lorega Mabolo Apas Luz Busay
Generation
(kg/day/person)
0.34 0.21 0.15 0.25 0.09 0.18
2010 3.55 2.53 3.58 4.93 1.53 1.76
2011 3.65 2.60 3.68 5.07 1.58 1.81
2012 3.75 2.67 3.79 5.21 1.62 1.86
2013 3 85 2 74 3 89 5 35 1 66 1 91 2013 3.85 2.74 3.89 5.35 1.66 1.91
2014 3.96 2.82 4.00 5.50 1.71 1.97
2015 4.07 2.90 4.11 5.66 1.76 2.02
2016 4.18 2.98 4.23 5.81 1.81 2.08
2017 4.30 3.06 4.34 5.98 1.86 2.13
2018 4.42 3.15 4.47 6.14 1.91 2.19
2019 4.54 3.24 4.59 6.31 1.96 2.25
2020 4.67 3.33 4.72 6.49 2.02 2.32
World Banks Philippine Environment Monitor 2001 assumed that the urban
population would generate one percent (1%) increase in waste generation population would generate one percent (1%) increase in waste generation
per year.
The waste generation projection is based on the population projection
barangaywastecharacterization,
i i f d d siximportantsetofdataaregenerated
T l A G i f H h ld W TotalAverageGenerationforHouseholdWaste
Composition(inkg/day/brgy)
P f l i i h l i h Percentageofplasticsagainstthetotalwasteinthe
barangays
P f h h f l i Percentageoftheeachtypeofplasticsamong
otherplastictypes
M i f l i Moisturecontentofwasteplastics
Percentageofrigidandsoftwasteplastic
Projectionquantitiesforalltypesofwastefrom
2010to2020.
Percentagesofeachtypeover
T l W G d TotalWasteGenerated
PERCENTAGEOFEACHTYPEOVERTOTAL WASTE PERCENTAGESOFEACHTYPEOVERTOTAL WASTE PERCENTAGESOFEACHTYPEOVERTOTAL WASTE
PLASTICS
Other
Wastes
4%
PERCENTAGEOFEACHTYPEOVERTOTAL WASTE
GENERATED (Hipodromo)
PLASTICS
Other Wastes
3%
PERCENTAGESOFEACHTYPEOVERTOTAL WASTE
GENERATED(Mabolo)
PLASTICS
21%
Other Wastes
6%
PERCENTAGESOFEACHTYPEOVERTOTAL WASTE
GENERATED (Lorega SM)
PLASTICS
13%
Paper
8%
Wood
4%
Metal
2%
Glass
2%
Bio
67%
20%
Paper
8%
Wood
0%
Metal
%
Glass
7%
Bio
59%
21%
Paper
13%
Wood
1%
Bio
52%
3%
1%
Metal
2%
Glass
5%
PERCENTAGESOFEACHTYPEOVERTOTAL WASTE
GENERATED (Luz)
PERCENTAGESOFEACH TYPEOVERTOTAL WASTE
GENERATED (Apas)
PERCENTAGESOFEACH TYPEOVERTOTAL WASTE
GENERATED (Busay)
PLASTICS
21%
Other Wastes
2%
PLASTICS
Other Wastes
3%
GENERATED (Apas)
PLASTICS
13%
Other Wastes
0%
Paper
11%
Wood
Bio
64%
PLASTICS
21%
Paper
15%
Bio
46%
13%
Paper
14%
Wood
5%
Glass
Bio
52%
Wood
0%
Metal
0%
Glass
2%
64%
Wood
0%
Metal
6%
Glass
9%
5%
Metal
6%
10%
PercentageofPlasticTypesover
Total Plastics Generated TotalPlasticsGenerated
%of PlasticTypesover Total Plastics Generated %of Plastic Types over Total Plastics Generated
%of PlasticTypes over Total Plastics Generated
1 - PET
2%
2 - HDPE
17%
7 - OTHERS
24%
%of Plastic Types over Total Plastics Generated
(Hipodromo)
1 - PET
10%
2- HDPE
6
7 - OTHERS
25%
%of Plastic Types over Total Plastics Generated
(Mabolo)
1 PET
10%
2 HDPE
17%
7 OTHERS
32%
%ofPlasticTypesoverTotalPlasticsGenerated
(Apas)
3 - PVC
9%
4 - LDPE
43%
5 - PP
2%
6 - PS
3%
24%
2 HDPE
22%
3 - PVC
0%
4 - LDPE
40%
5 - PP
1%
6 -
PS
2%
25% 17%
3 PVC
20% 4 LDPE
7%
5 PP
7%
6 PS
32%
0%
%of Plastic Types over Total Plastics Generated
(Lorega San Miguel)
%Plastic Types over Total Plastics Generated
(Luz)
7%
%of Plastic Types over Total Plastics Generated
(B )
1 - PET
8%
2 - HDPE
15%
7 - OTHERS
27%
(Lorega-San Miguel)
1 - PET
1%
2 - HDPE
18%
7 - OTHERS
32%
(Luz)
1 - PET
12%
2 - HDPE
15%
7- OTHERS
(Busay)
3 - PVC
6%
4 - LDPE
37%
5 - PP
6 - PS
5%
% 18%
3 - PVC
32%
6 PS
32%
15%
3 - PVC
18%
5 - PP
13%
7 OTHERS
39%
2%
4 - LDPE
7%
5 - PP
5%
6 - PS
5%
4 - LDPE
1%
13%
6 - PS
2%
ExistingMaterialsRecoveryFacilities
i C b f 4
th
Q 2009 inCebuasof4
th
Qtr2009
only10%ofthetotalrequirementforMRFs,asthereare80
barangaysbutonlyeightMRFsoperational.
AyalaCenterCebuCity
BrgyCalambaCebuCity
B Hi d C b Cit BrgyHipodromoCebuCity
BrgyInayawanCebuCity
Brgy Labangon Cebu City BrgyLabangonCebuCity
BrgyLuzCebuCity
Reclamation AreaNursery Cebu City ReclamationAreaNurseryCebuCity
StoNinoVillageCebuCity
Within the pilot area only Brgy Luz has an operating MRF Withinthepilotarea,onlyBrgy.LuzhasanoperatingMRF.
Hipodromo,althoughlistedwithone,doesnothavean
operationalMRF.
LGUs in SWM LGUsinSWM
Deputized Tanod p
AssessmentofCurrent
M S I i i ManagementSystems:Institutions
j i tit ti t th it l l l i k l i lid majorinstitutionsatthecitylevel,playingkeyrolesinsolid
wastemanagement.
CSWMB CitySolidWasteManagementBoard y g
DPS managestheactualcleaningthecityofgarbage.One
ofitsdivisions,theGarbageCollectionandTransport
Operation Division collects and disposes the wastes The OperationDivision,collectsanddisposesthewastes.The
LandfillManagementisalsodirectlyundertheDPS.
CESET enforcementatthecityandbarangaylevels
NGOsandtheprivatesectorplayanimportantpartinSWM
e.g.Brgy.Luzwouldnothavebeenabletosucceed
i th i P B P ith t th t intheirPerasaBasura Programwithoutthesupport
oftheCebuHoldingsInc.andtheCBPNBAAI,an
NGO that was consequently formed out of the NGOthatwasconsequentlyformedoutofthe
partnershipwiththebarangay.
Local Policy LocalPolicy
CebuCityOrdinanceNo.2031. AnOrdinanceforthe
ImplementationofSolidWasteSegregationatSource,
idi l i h f d h C i f ProvidingPenaltiesThereofandtheCreationofa
SpecialFundforincentives.
CityOrdinanceNo.2234 thatcreatedtheCebuCity
EnvironmentandNaturalResourcesOffice(CCENRO)
Financing Financing
Th j f f di SWM i d ThreemajorsourcesforfundingSWMoperationsand
projects :
budget prepared by the Barangay Council from the budgetpreparedbytheBarangayCouncil,fromthe
IRAandthelocalincome
grants and donations from corporate and other grantsanddonationsfromcorporateandother
fundinginstitutions
specialfundsdistributedbythecity,suchasthe p y y
P80,000.00giventoeightbarangayswherethecity
willpilotbarangaylevelcomposting.Specialfunds
co ld also come from the pro incial and national couldalsocomefromtheprovincialandnational
government.
Financing Financing
B d id h h h i Barangaysdecideonhowmuchtheyaregoingto
spendonSWM.
H hi l l f i However,thislocalgovernmentfunctionwas
neverprioritizedandthusfundingisalways
never enough neverenough
localofficialsseeksupportfromtheprivate
sector sector.
Thebarangaysalsoearnfromfinesthatthe
CESET raise as it issues tickets to those caught CESETraiseasitissuesticketstothosecaught
disobeyingthelocalSWMordinances.
Technology Technology
targetinginstallationofMRFsinatleast56outof80
barangaysinCebuCity
pilotingeighturbanbarangayswiththecollectionof
thebiodegradablesthroughfivebarangay
environmentalofficers(BEOs).
Recommendations Recommendations
InstallasystemofsupporttohelpLGUscomply
Enforcemandatorysolidwastediversion(Sec.20).
Rationalutilizationofvariouseconomictools:
annual SWM appropriations annualSWMappropriations
fees,fines,subsidiesfrompublicinstitutions
Grants
Politicalwilltoenforceexistingpolicy
Educationcoupledwithconstancy,andaclearcut
system. y
Makecomplianceattractive
Recommendations Recommendations
Complementingandconvergentfunctions
CreativeapproachestoSWMproblems
Strictmonitoringofserviceproviders
Matching services to actual needs Matchingservicestoactualneeds
Promoteanduseofappropriateandsustainable
t h l i technologies
Focusonlowcost,lowtechnologiesupstreamand
complementwithendofpipesupport
Humanizesolidwastemanagementtoprotect
wastepickers.
Recommendations Recommendations
RehabilitateCebulandfill
Giventhissetup,asystematicoverhaulisneededto
definetherolesofeachstakeholderinSWMchain
andshiftthefocusofattentionfrommeredisposalto
recoveryandrecycling.
Specificy roles of each sector, and as needed, Specificyrolesofeachsector,andasneeded,
interfaceandoverlapsdefined.
OpportunitiesforWastePlastic
MManagement
Allplasticsarerecyclable.Plasticisaresource,not
waste
Maximize existing policies, technologies, financing Maximizeexistingpolicies,technologies,financing
mechanismsandstakeholderstowasteplasticinto
as a material or energy resource asamaterialorenergyresource
Let us work together
Let us work together
g
towards the
d l t f
g
towards the
development of a
development of a
recycling-oriented
development of a
recycling-oriented
recycling oriented
society.
recycling oriented
society.
Thank you.
Thank you.
Environmental Management Office EnvironmentalManagementOffice
CenterforSustainableHumanDevelopment
DevelopmentAcademyofthePhilippines
SanMiguelAvenue,OrtigasCenter,PasigCity
Telefax(632)6312169|6310921loc.148
cshddap@yahoo com | p2f cebu@gmail com cshddap@yahoo.com|p2f.cebu@gmail.com