UNIT 2 Continue

Exercise 49

Directions: On a separate piece of paper, write sentences in passive voice using the tense
given.

Example: Past of see The parade was seen by the entire class.

1. Present of give
2. Future of write
3. Present perfect of buy
4. Past perfect of ship
5. Future of break
6. Past of leave
7. Present of choose
8. Past of steal
9. Past perfect of ring
10.Present perfect of see
11.Present of cut
12.Future of build

Troublesome Verbs

1. Lie, lay, lain

This verb is always intransitive; it never has a complement. It means to rest or recline.

Present: lie, lies, lying

I lie on our sofa each evening.
My dog lies by the fireplace.
It is lying on the table.

Past: lay
He lay by the fireplace yesterday.

Future: will lie

He will probably lie there all afternoon.

Present Perfect: have, has lain

He has lain there before.

Past Perfect: had lain

The book had lain on the floor all morning.

Future Perfect: will have lain

He will have lain there before.

2. Lay, laid, laid

 This verb is always transitive; it must have a complement to complete its meaning. It
means to put or place something.

Present: lay, lays, laying

He lays the book down on the floor.
You lay the book down.
He is laying his paper on his desk.

Past: laid
I laid my lunch in my locker.

Future: will lay

She will lay down the law.

Present Perfect: has have laid

He has laid it on the desk.

Past Perfect: had laid

He had laid it there yesterday.

Future Perfect: will have laid

He will have laid it there before you come.

The reason these verbs are difficult is the word lay. It is past tense, intransitive (to rest or
recline) and present tense, transitive (to put or place something.

Intransitive Transitive
(to rest or recline) (to put or place something)

Present lie lay

Past lay laid
Third Principal Part lain laid

Progressive form: Add –ing to the present tense, never to the past tense.

Mary is lying in bed.

This piece of chalk is lying in my hand.

The chalk is lying on the floor.

Mary was laying the pencil down.

I am laying this piece of chalk in my hand.

I am laying it on the floor.

Exercise 50
Directions: Fill in the correct verb form. Be sure you can justify your answers. Underline
complements of verbs for lay, laid, laid.

Example: Mary was ___laying___ the volleyball in the box.

1. How long will Tom ____________________ in bed this morning?

2. He has ____________________ there too long.

3. Albert was ____________________ in the sun all morning.

4. The teacher ____________________ her books on her desk. (present)

5. Now her books are ____________________ on her desk.

6. The lecturer was ____________________ his papers on the podium.

7. Now his papers are ____________________ on the podium.

8. Pete ____________________ on the grass and cried.

9. My dog is ____________________ on the rug.

10.The doctor ____________________ his forceps on the table. (present)

11.They ____________________ there all morning. (past)

12.Robert ____________________ the cover over his pool. (past)

13.Now the cover was ____________________ over his pool.

14.He was ____________________ the cover over his pool.

15.Tom had ____________________ the shells in the sun.

16.He was ____________________ in the sun.

17.He ____________________ there for an hour. (present)

18.Jim ____________________ his pencils near his typewriter. (past)

19.Now his pencils are ____________________ near his typewriter.

20.Mildred is ____________________ on her bed.

21.She was ____________________ there for over an hour.

22.I ____________________ the book down. (present)

23.I also ____________________ it down yesterday.

24.I had ____________________ it there very often.

25.She had been ____________________ scraps of paper all over the floor.

1. Rise, rose, risen

 This verb is always intransitive. It never has a complement.

The prices rise each year.

He rose from his chair.

He has risen from his chair.

2. Raise, raised, raised

This verb is always transitive.

She raises her hand frequently during class.

The landlord raised the rent.

3. Sit, sat, sat

This verb is always intransitive.

Linda sits in the back row.

We sat in the same chairs all evening.

4. Set, set, set

This verb means to put something in a certain place. It is usually transitive.

He set his tools on the rack.

My mother is setting the table.

5. Leave, let, let

Leave means to permit to remain, or depart; let means to permit.

Will you please leave the books on the table? (permit to remain)

Please leave the room. (depart)

Let us go with you. (permit)

Exercise 51

Directions: underline the correct verb in the following sentences.

Example: She (raised, rose) from her seat.

1. I (sat, set) before the fire last night.

2. Please (leave, let) us go.

3. She (sits, set) the glasses down carefully.

4. The men were (setting, sitting) on the beach.

5. I have never (set, sat) there before.

 6. The teacher (rose, raised) the window.

7. You must (set, sit) down.

8. Her voice had (rose, risen) to a high pitch.

9. My mother will not (leave, let) me go to the dance.

10.Please (let, leave) my coat on the chair.

11.My little sister (leave, let) my hamster escape.

12.He (raised, rose) slowly from his chair.

13.Her parents will not (leave, let) Sue go out alone.

14.James (rose, raised) his hand.

15.You may (leave, let) the room.

16.Janie likes to (sit, set) the table.

17.You can always (let, leave) the matter run its course.

18.(Let, Leave) me take your baggage.

19.We have been (sitting, setting) the table.

20.He often (leaves, lets) me drive his car.

21.(Sit, Set) the bouquet on the table.

22.Will you please (leave, let) me ask you a question?

23.Joe (lets, leaves) his belongings everywhere.

24.I (raised, rose) quickly from my seat.

25.Mike always (set, sat) in the back seat of the classroom.

Review
No sentence is complete without a verb. The verb can express action performed by the subject,
or it can link the subject with the word in the predicate. When a verb consists of more than one
word, it is called a verb phrase.

Every verb has three principal parts: the present, the past, and the past participle. The past and
the past participle of a regular verb add –ed or –d. Irregular verbs form their past and past
participle in various ways.

An intransitive verb stands alone. A transitive verb needs a complement. A linking verb links a
predicate word to the subject.

Only transitive verbs speak passively.

Verbs come in the following tenses: present, past, future, present perfect, past perfect and
future perfect.

To form progressive verbs, add –ing to the present tense and a form of the irregular verbs.

The emphatic form of the verb emphasizes a statement by using do, does or did.