Dwi Septyanto (2201407186)

Kurnia Dinie R (2201408021)

Tuti Marfuah (2201408060)
Ardiyan Putranto (2201409091)
Taufiq Hidayat (2201409096)
Chapter 1 Introduction to ICT in Language Learning
What is ICT?
ICT is an abbreviation of Information and Communication Technology, that can be defined as a
way, media, or technology to store, retrieve, manipulate, transmit or receive digital data or
information.
ICT in General Context
The utilization of ICT in general context comprises the use of computer programs such as :
-word processing ; E.g. Microsoft word
-spreadsheets ; E.g. Microsoft Excel
-database software ; E.g. My SQL
-hypertext ; HTML
-hypermedia ; programming tool
-multimedia

Hypertext is text displayed on a computer or other electronic device with references
(hyperlinks) to other text that the reader can immediately access, usually by a mouse click or
keypress sequence. (wiki)
Hypertext is text which contains links to other texts. (Ted)
HyperMedia is a term used for hypertext which is not constrained to be text: it can include
graphics, video and sound. (Ted Nelson)
Some advantages of hypertext:
1. ease of tracing references
2. ease of creating new references
3. information structuring
4. global views
5. customized documents
6. modularity of information
7. consistency of information
8. task stacking
9. collaboration

Chapter II - ICT in Language Learning
This chapter discusses some possible utilization of ICT in language learning mainly deal with the
use of computer.
The development of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has permeated the
application of computers in the learning process. Computer offers some advantages, it can be an
effective and efficient book, and it is more interactive compare with other media. In the context
of language learning, ICT serves as the media, teacher or tutor, and reference book.
There are some kinds of technologies that usually used in ICT:
a) Interactive media
b) Computer
c) Audio devices
d) Internet
e) Television
f) Telephone and VoIP
g) Mobile gadget
h) Social interface
i) Interactive whiteboard

Fitzpatrick and Davies (2002) outlined seven ways ICT usually used:
a) Presentation
b) Practice
c) Authoring
d) Computer-Aided Assessment
e) Reference
f) Publishing
g) Communication
h) Simulations
Chapter 3; CALL
CALL (Computer-Assisted Language Learning) program refers to the learning involving the utilisation of
the computer, usualy means of an interactive-computer system.
The use of computer and internet in English language learning provide some advantages such us :
Ease of tracing refferences.
Ease of creating new references.
Ease in information structuring.
Global views.
Customised documents.
Modularity of information.
Consistency of information.
Task stacking
Collaboration
Independence in learning.
Freedom
Flexibility of use.
However, there also some disadvantages of utilising computer and internet in English language learning
such us :
Disorientation
Expensive cost to purcase equipment.

Chapter 4; Developing CALL Program
CALL program is one of effective ways in English language teaching and learning. A number of students
reported its effectiveness in assisting students to learn independently and get a better self confidence in
learning English.
However, to be able to develope CALL program, we need to follow some steps such us :
Initial planning
Determining objectives
Choosing types of the programs
Selecting materials
Choosing sofware
Determining task
Designing structure of the program
There are also some principles to be considered in developing CALL program such us :
Interactivity
Usability
Content appropriatenes
Effectiveness
performance