Tài Liệu MS Project 2010 - Gxd.vn

Cng ty c phn Gi Xy Dng
a ch: S 2A ng 55 Nguyn Ngc Ni - Thanh Xun - H Ni

Tel: 04.3 5682482, Fax: 04.3 5667775 Email: daotao@giaxaydung.com

Ti liu ng dng Microsoft Project 2010 trong lp v qun l tin d n Trang 1
Bin son: ThS. Nguyn Th Anh v KS. Kiu Mnh T
Bi 1:
Gii thiu phn mm lp v qun l tin d n
Phn 1: Gii thiu v Project 2010
Mt s yu cu:
My tnh phi ci Windows XP SP3 tr v sau ( ci c Office 2010).
ci Microsoft Project 2010 (Standard hoc Professional). Sau y s gi l Project 2010.
B g ting Vit (Unikey, Vietkey, DotNetKey, ).
Font ch ting Vit. khi xut ra bn v AutoCad khng b li font th nn s dng font
thuc bng m TCVN3 (.VnTime, .VnArial, ).
Cc nng cp ni bt ca Project 2010:
Giao din Ribbon: trc quan, d dng tip cn n cc chc nng ca chng trnh.
Giao din Timeline: trc quan sinh ng, l bn tm tt cc cng vic m bn mun xem.
D dng sao chp Timeline v dn chng vo mt ng dng khc.
AutoFilter: c ci thin. L mt cng c lc ging Microsoft Excel gip bn c th phn
loi, sp xp cc cng tc theo nhm
Mt s thut ng:
Task: cng vic, cng tc
Duration: thi gian thc hin cng vic
Start: ngy thng bt u
Finish: ngy thng kt thc
Predecessors: cng tc i trc
Successors: cng tc i sau
Resources: ti nguyn (nhn cng, my mc, vt liu, )
Work: cng thc hin cng vic (mc nh l Gi)
Unit: n v s dng ti nguyn
Schedule: tin d n, ln lch cho d n
Rate: gi ca cc ti nguyn (standard rate: gi chun, over.rate: gi ngoi gi)
Cost: chi ph
Baseline: ng gc
Recurring task: cng vic lp i lp li
Milestone: mc cng tc (thi gian bng 0)


I. Giao din Ribbon ca Project 2010:

1. Cc Ribbon trong giao din:
File: ni thc hin vic to mi, m, lu file, in n hoc thc hin cc ci t cho MS Project.
Task: thc hin vic nh dng, chn, chnh sa, thit lp cc thuc tnh ca cc cng tc.
Resource: thc hin vic qun l v gn ti nguyn cho cc cng tc, cn i cc loi ti
nguyn c cng s dng vt qu mc cho php.
Project: cha cc chc nng ca ton b d n. Cp nht tin thc t v so snh vi tin
lp. To mi lch lm vic v gn lch lm vic cho cc loi ti nguyn. Trch xut cc bo
co v vic s dng ti nguyn v chi ph ca d n.
View: gip kim sot v xem cc thng tin ca d n theo cc cch khc nhau, sp xp v quan
st cc cng tc theo nhm.
Format: l mt tab ty bin. Cc chc nng trong tab ph hp dng biu hay khung quan
st m bn ang s dng.
Thanh cng c Quick
Access Toolbar
Cc Ribbon chc nng ca
chng trnh
Vng nhp d liu Vng ha


a. Task:

Group View: gip la chn cc khung nhn.
Group Clipboard: gip thc hin cc thao tc copy, cut, paste cc cng tc v cc nh dng ca
cng tc.
Group Schedule: gip gn v qun l cc lin kt, % hon thnh ca tng cng tc.
Group Font: a ra cc ty chn v nh dng font ch hin th.
Group Tasks: gip la chn cc ch cp nht cho cng tc v n/ hin cc thng bo.
Group Insert: chn thm cng tc, cc mc cng tc, cc cng tc tng hp.
Group Properties: gn, xa, chnh sa cc thng tin, ghi ch cho cc cng tc v cp nht vo
Timeline.
Group Editing: gip tm kim, chnh sa, lc c iu kin cc ni dung ca cng tc.
b. Resource:

Group View: la chn khung nhn, mc nh l Team Planner.
Group Assignments: Qun l vic gn ti nguyn.
Group Insert: chn thm ti
nguyn trong trong giao
din Team Planner.
Group Properties: gip b sung, quan
st, sa i cc thng tin ca cc ti
nguyn.
Group Level: thc hin vic
cn i ti nguyn khi m s
dng ti nguyn vt qu k
hoch cung ng.


c. Project:

d. View:

Group Task View: la chn cc ch quan st cc cng tc ca tin .
Group Resource Views: quan st vic s dng cc ti nguyn ca d n.
Group Data: cng c gip sp xp, lc, quan st v so snh chi ph ca tng cng tc gia tin
lp v thc t .
Group Zoom, Split Views v Window: thu phng vng d liu qua st, sp xp cc ca s ang
m.

Group Insert: chn thm mt d n vo d vo file hin hnh (gp tin cc hng
mc vo tng tin ca d n). Khi iu chnh tin cc hng mc, tng tin ca
d n cng t thay i.
Group Properties: thc hin vic ci t cc thng s ca d n, thit lp thi
gian lm vic v qun l vic chia s ti nguyn gia c d n.
Group Schedule: tnh ton li sau
khi thc hin cc thay i; thit lp
cc ng c s v thay i thi gian
din ra d n.
Group Reports: to v in cc bo
co v chi ph ca d n. Kt hp
vi Pivort Chart ca Excel th
hin cc biu .
Group Status: cp nht % hon thnh
cc cng vic hay ton d n ti mt
thi im no .


2. Cc khung quan st trong giao din: (mc nh: Gantt Chart)
Calendar: ca s dng lch gip quan st cc cng tc din ra v cc loi ti nguyn s dng
trong ngy.
Gantt Chart: ca s dng s ngang, gip chng ta quan st c r mi lin h ca cc cng
tc, thi gian din ra cc cng
tc v ca ton d n. y l ca
s lm vic chnh.
Network Diagram: quan st
tin d n theo s mng.
Resource Sheet: khung khai
bo cc thng tin v ti nguyn
phc v d n.
Resource Usage: ca s qun
l vic phn b ti nguyn.
Resource Graph: hin th biu
cng s dng cc loi ti
nguyn.
Task Usage: gip qun l tin
thc hin ca tng cng tc.
Tracking Gantt: gip quan st
tin thc hin ca tng cng
tc ang din ra, c th hin %
hon thnh cng vic.
More View: cc ca s quan st
khc


Phn 2: Lm vic vi d n
1. To mi d n:
Sau khi khi chy Project, chng trnh t ng m mt project mi. Trong trng hp khc,
ta c th vo tab File\ New\ Blank project\ Create to mt d n mi.
2. Khai bo cc thng tin ban u:
Sau khi to
d n mi, ta
tin hnh khai
bo mt s
thng tin ban
u nh sau:
vo tab
File\ Info\ Project Information\ Advance Properties kch hot bng Properties.
3. Khai bo thng tin chung v d n:
Trong bng Properties, ta quan tm n tab
Summary v c th nhp thng tin v tn d n,
ngi th hin tin , vo cc trng d liu ty
vo nhu cu ngi dng.
Vic khai bo ny s b sung thng tin vo tin
ca d n, khng nh hng n ni dung chnh
ca d n.


4. nh dng font ch:
Vo Format\ Text Styles kch hot
bng ty chn Text Style.
Mc Item to Change ta nn chn All
vic chn font ch c hiu lc vi ton b d
liu.
Mc Font, ngi dng nn chn font
thuc bng m TCVN3 (.vntime, .vnarial, )
khi xut tin ra bn v AutoCad khng
b li font. Khi , trong qu trnh lm vic,
mt vi ca s nhp s hin th li font,
nhng khi tr li Project, s khng cn li.

5. To lch lm vic cho d n:
Vo Project\ Change Working Time.
Trong ca s Change Working Time ta thy
ang c lch mc nh ca chng trnh l
Stardard. Ta c th chnh sa lch mc nh
cho ph hp hoc to lch lm vic mi cho
d n. to mi, vo Create New
Calendar.
Trong bng Create New Base Calendar, ta nhp
tn lch vo Name.
Ta thy c 2 ty chn to mi lch: Create new
base calendar v Make a copy of. Trong ty chn
s 1 s to mi lch ging vi lch mc nh Standard
ca Project, cn ty chn 2 s to mi lch c cc c
tnh ging vi 1 lch c gim bt cc thao tc
chnh sa. Sau khi chn la chn xong, bm Create
to lch mi.
Ta c th to nhiu lch vi cc ty chn khc
nhau. V c trong thc t, mi loi ti nguyn lao ng
s c 1 lch lm vic khc nhau. V d cng nhn s lm
vic theo ca, cn my mc c th lm vic 24h. Khi ,
cn c lch lm vic ring cho cng nhn v my mc.
Sau khi to cc lch lm vic cn thit bt u thit
lp thi gian lm vic cho tng lch, bng cch chn
trong For Calendar.


Mc nh, thi gian lm vic trong tun l 5
ngy v trong ngy t 8:00 am n 12:00 pm v
1:00 pm n 5:00 pm. thay i, ta vo th
Work Weeks\ Details.
Trong bng Details for mi hin ra, trong
khung Selest day(s), ta qut chn ton b cc
ngy t Monday n Sunday, sau chn Set
day (s) to these specific working times. Trong
bng bn di, ta chnh sa li thi gian trong
ct From, To cho ph hp vi yu cu.
Trng hp d n c thi
gian ko di, cn thit phi to ra
lch c thi gian lm vic trong
ngy thay i (v d cng nhn
ma h bui sng lm sm, bui
chiu lm mun, cn ma ng
bui sng lm mun, bui chiu
lm sm), th ta c thm lm nh
sau: trong th Work Weeks ta
thm khong thi gian Ma
ng 2013 v ma h 2013.
Mc Start v Finish gi s ta t
thi gian nh trong hnh. Sau ,
ta ln lt bm chn Ma ng
2013 v Ma h 2013 ri vo
Details t thi gian lm vic
cho cc ma.

Gi s thi gian lm vic ca ma ng v ma h


Ci t s kin ngoi l cho
lch lm vic:
Trong tab Exceptions,
khai bo cc s kin ngoi l
(v d ngy ngh) trong mc
Name, thi gian bt u v thi
gian kt thc.
Cc ngoi l c th bao
gm l ny ngh, ngy lm vic
na ngy, ngy lm vic c thi
gian khc so vi lch lm vic.
Gi s ta c cc ngoi l
nh hnh di.
Sau , chn s kin u
tin v bm vo Details. Trong
mc Recurrence Pattern,
chng ta chn tng ng vi
s kin s din ra theo chu k ngy,
tun, thng hay nm. S chu k c
xc nh mc End after
occurrences.


La chn Options trong ca Change Working Time:
Ty chn Options a ta
n vic thit lp cc thng s
trong Schedule ca Project
Options.
Trong Schelude khung
bn phi, mc nh mc Show
assignment units as a s l
Percentage. Tuy nhin ta phi
a v Decimal nh trong
hnh. Vic thay i ny cn tin
hnh trc khi gn ti nguyn
cho cc cng tc (s ni k hn
phn sau).
Ngi dng cng c th
vo cc ci t Schelude thng
qua tab File\ Options\ Schelude.
Trong mc Defauft task type, ta nn chn l Fixed Durations khi chnh sa
thi gian ca cng vic hoc s lng ti nguyn (sau khi gn ti nguyn cho
cng vic), th s lng ti nguyn hoc s ngy cng s khng b thay i ngoi
mun.
6. Thit lp trong Project Information:
Vo tab Project\ Project Information:
La chn thi im c nh bt u hoc kt thc ca d n trong Schedule from. Nu la
chn thi im u, ta c th gn thi gian cho thi im bt u, thi im cui s t ng cp
nht v ngc li.
Gi s ta la chn thi im bt u ca d n l ngy 05/04/2013 nh trong hnh minh ha.
Gn lch cho d n trong mc Calendar. y ta chn lch Bi tp 1 va to cho d n.
Priority: l mc u tin, c gi tr t 0 ~ 1.000 (mc nh l 500). Mc u tin s nh
hng n th t cc cng vic c cn i (leveling) khi tin hnh cn i t ng. Priority thp
s c cn i trc.


Bi 2:
Th hin tin ca 1 d n
1. Thay i tiu ct d liu trong Gantt Chart:
bi 2, ta to mi 1 file d n,
la chn Text Style v thit lp lch lm
vic v gn lch lm vic cho d n
to.
th hin tin n gin, trong
Gantt Chart ta cn cc ct d liu: Task
Name, Duration, Start, Finish,
Predecessors. Ta c th i tiu cc
ct bng cch bm chut phi vo tiu
ri chn Field Settings.
Trong khung Field Settings mi
hin ra:
Field name: l ct hin hnh.
Nu mun i thnh ct khc, ta
c th chn ti y.
Title: l tn hin th cho ct. Mc
nh ca ct Name l Task Name,
nhng ta c th i thnh tn
khc. V d i thnh Ni dung cng vic. Ta
dng chnh bng m ca b g Unikey l
TCVN3 g tn, tuy qu trnh g c th
hin th li font nhng sau khi bm OK th s
hin th ng (do ta chn font TCVN3 cho
ton b d liu c th xut sang AutoCad).
Align title: cn l cho tn hin th ca ct.
Align data: cn l cho ni dung trong ct.
Sau khi g tn v hon thnh cc la chn cn
thit, bm OK.
(Vic i tn ct nhm phc v vic xut bn v sang AutoCad v in n. Thng thng, cc ct
Indicators, Task Mode, Predecessors s n i trc khi in, nn ta khng cn thit phi i tn).
2. Nhp cc cng vic v thi gian thc hin:
Trong Project c 2 loi cng vic:
Summary Task (Cng vic tm lc): Cng vic m chc nng duy nht ca n l cha ng
v tm lc thi khong, cng vic v chi ph ca cc cng vic khc. Chng ta khng th gn
thi gian thc hin v ti nguyn cho n, m thi gian s c t tng hp t cc cng vic
m n tm lc bn trong n.
Sub Task: l cc cng vic chi tit, s c gn thi gian, ti nguyn v cc mi lin h vi
cc cng vic khc.


Gi s ta lp tin thi cng phn mng n gin. Trong Gantt Chart, ta nhp vo tn cc
cng vic vo ct Ni dung cng vic (Name) v thi gian vo trong ct Thi gian (Durations).
Lu ta khng nhp thi gian cho cc cng vic s l Summary Task.
Sau khi nhp vo ct Ni dung cng
vic v ct Thi gian, th trong ct Bt u
(Start) s t ng ly theo ngy bt u ca
d n (ta t trong Project Information
l ngy 05/ 04/ 2013), ngy trong ct Kt
thc do chng trnh t ng tnh da vo
d liu trong ct Thi gian v ct Bt u.
3. Thit lp cng vic tm lc - chi
tit:
Ta thy trong tin thi cng phn
mng, cng vic 1 (Phn mng) l cng vic
tm lc ca tt c cc cng vic t 2 (o
t bng my) n 10 (Tho vn khun
ging mng).
thit lp cc cng vic ny l cng
vic chi tit cn cng vic 1 l cng vic tm
lc, ta lm nh sau: qut chn tt cc cng vic m ta mun a vo lm cng tc chi tit, sau
trong tab Task, bm vo nt Indent Task
(hoc nhn t hp phm Alt +Shift +mi
tn sng phi). Khi cc cng vic chn
s tr thnh cng vic chi tit, cn cng vic
1 s tr thnh cng vic tm lc.
Lc ny, cc cng vic t 2 n 10 i
vo vng tm lc ca cng vic 1. Ta c
th nhn thy s thay i c trong khung
nhp liu bn tri v khung hin th cc
ng tin bn phi ca khung Gantt
Chart.
Khi mun a mt hay nhiu cng vic
ra khi vng tm lc ca cng vic 1, ta
chn vo cng vic ri bm vo nt
Outdent Task hoc bm t hp phm Alt +
Shift +mi tn sang tri.
4. Thit lp mi lin h gia cc cng vic:
Cc dng lin h ca cc cng vic:
Start to start (SS): Bt u n bt u (cng vic sau c thi im bt u lin quan n
thi im bt u ca cng vic trc).
Finish to start (FS): Kt thc n bt u (cng vic sau c thi im bt u lin quan n
thi im kt thc ca cng vic trc).


Finish to finish (FF): Kt thc n kt thc (cng vic sau c thi im kt thc lin quan
n thi im kt thc ca cng vic trc).
Start to finish (SF): Bt u n kt thc (cng vic sau c thi im kt thc lin quan n
thi im bt u ca cng vic trc).

Finish to Start

Start to Start

Start to Finish

Finish to Finish

Trong tt c cc mi lin h cng vic, ta c th cho thi im lin h din ra sm hn/mun
hn so vi cc mi lin h SS, FS, FF, SF bng cch tr i hoc cng thm thi gian ta mun.
V d: ta mun cng vic B bt u trc khi cng vic A kt thc 2 ngy. Khi mi lin h
cng vic B so vi cng vic A l : FS-2 days.
Ta nhp cc mi lin h cng vic vo ct Predecessors theo yu cu ca bi. Kt qu ta
c nh sau:
i vi kiu lin h Finisht to Start (FS), nu khng c thi gian tr hn hoc sm hn, ta ch
cn nhp vo s th t ca cng vic i trc.
Trng hp khi mt cng vic c nhiu mi lin h vi nhiu cng vic i trc, th k hiu
cc mi lin h c ngn cch nhau bng k t.
Lag Time v Lead Time:


Khong thi gian tr hn (Lag Time) v sm hn (Lead Time) trong cc mi quan h SS, FF,
SF, FS ngoi cch nhp vo s ngy, ta cn c th nhp vo % thi gian ca cng vic i trc. Ta
c v d v 2 cng vic, thi gian mi cng vic l 10 ngy. Gi s cng vic 2 c rng buc vi cng
vic 1 kiu FS+2. Khi , ta c th nhp Lag Time theo s ngy (1FS+2) hay theo % thi gian ca
cng vic 1 (1FS+20%).
1FS +2 days:
1FS +20%:
Tip tc nhp ton b cc cng vic cn li ca d n, bao gm thi cng phn thn, thi cng
phn hon thin. Nhp thi gian thi cng v cc mi lin h cng vic th hin y tin
ca d n.
Sau khi th hin xong cc ng tin , nu mun n, hin cc ng cng tc tm lc,
ng tm lc ca tng tin v m phn cp ng vic, ta lm nh sau: trong tab Task tm n
Group Show/ Hide s c 3 ty chn:
Outline Number: n hin m phn cp cng vic.
Project Summary Task: n hin ng tm lc ca tng tin (chn mc ny s xut
hin dng ID s 0 trong bng tin ).


Summary Task: n hin cc ng tm lc ca tng mc.
5. Cc rng buc ca cng vic:
Vic thit lp cc mi quan h gia cc cng tc th da vo cc quan h v cng ngh, quan
h v t chc do ngi lp k hoch xc nh v ch n thun l mi quan h rng buc gia cc
cng tc vi nhau. M rng hn v mt t chc, bn cnh cc mi quan h rng buc gia cc cng
tc vi nhau th ring mi cng tc li c th chu tc ng bi nhiu yu t ch quan ln khch
quan. a cc yu t vo trong vic lp k hoch c ngha l ta a cc rng buc
(Constraints) ca mi cng tc vo trong vic lp k hoch.
Microsoft Project cung cp 8 kiu rng buc nh sau:
1. As Soon As Possible: Vi kiu rng buc ny, Project lp k hoch cho mt cng tc khi
cng sm nht m n c th. Khng c gii hn v thi im p t ln cng tc ny. ay l
kiu rng buc mc nh khi chng ta lp tin vi yu cu thi gian khi cng cho trc.
2. As Late As Possible: Vi kiu rng buc ny, Project s lp k hoch cho mt cng tc
khi cng tr nht m n c th (d nhin vn phi m bo thi gian hon thnh cng trnh
khng i). Khng c gii hn v thi im p t ln cng tc. y l kiu rng buc mc
nh khi ta lp tin vi yu cu thi gian hon thnh cho trc.
3. Finish No Later Than: Kiu rng buc ny a ra thi im tr nht c th m ta mun
cng tc hon thnh v cng tc ny phi hon thnh ng hoc trc ngy ny. Khi lp tin
vi yu cu thi gian hon thnh cho trc th kiu rng buc ny s t p t cho cng
tc no m ta nhp vo thi im hon thnh cho n.
4. Start No Later Than: Kiu rng buc ny a ra thi im tr nht c th m ta mun
cng tc bt u, v cng tc ny phi bt u thc hin ng hoc trc ngy ny. Khi lp
tin vi yu cu thi gian hon thnh cho trc th kiu rng buc ny s c p t
cho cng tc no m ta nhp vo thi im bt u cho n.
5. Finish No Earlier Than: Kiu rng buc ny a ra thi im sm nht c th m ta
mun cng tc hon thnh. V cng tc khng th hon thnh trc thi im a ra. Khi
lp tin vi yu cu thi gian khi cng cho trc th kiu rng buc ny s t p t cho
cng vic no m ta nhp vo thi im kt thc cho n.
6. Start No Earlier Than: Kiu rng buc ny a ra thi im sm nht c th m ta mun
cng tc bt u, v cng tc khng th bt u trc thi im a ra. Khi lp tin vi


yu cu thi gian khi cng cho trc th kiu rng buc ny s t p t cho cng tc no
m ta nhp vo thi im khi cng cho n.
7. Must Start On: Kiu rng buc ny a ra thi im chnh xc m cng tc phi bt u.
Cc yu t nh quan h cng tc, thi gian tr sm (Lag, Lead Time), cn i ti nguyn ca
cng tc ny s l th yu vi yu cu rng buc ny.
8. Must Finish On: Kiu rng buc ny a ra thi im chnh xc m cng tc phi hon
thnh. Cc yu t nh quan h cng tc, thi gian tr sm (Lag, Lead Time), cn i ti
nguyn ca cng tc ny s l th
yu vi yu cu rng buc ny.
gn rng buc cho mt cng tc,
ta thc hin nh sau: trong Gantt Chart,
chn vo cng tc cn gn, ri trong tab
Task chn vo Task Information.
Trong hp thoi Task Information,
vo th Advanced, v ta gn rng buc
trong mc Constraint Type v gn ngy
rng buc tng ng trong Constraint
Date.

6. nh dnh hin th cho tin :
Sau khi th hin tin ln s ngang, ta c th la nh dng th hin tin .
a. nh dng hin th cc thanh ngang tin :
Bm chut phi vo vng hin th tin ri chn Bar Styles, hoc trong tab Task, vo
Format\ Format\ Bar Styles.


Trong tab Bar:
Start: la chn kiu hin th im bt u cho thanh ngang.
Middle: la chn kiu hin th cho ton b thanh ngang, nhng khng k im u v im
cui.
Finish: la chn kiu hin th im cui.
Trong tab Text: gip la chn thng tin ca cng vic s hin th cho thanh ngang.
Left: hin th bn tri, v d: ngy bt u.
Right: hin th bn phi, v d: ngy kt thc.
Top: hin th bn trn, v d tn cng vic.
Bottom: hin th bn di, v d: ti
nguyn.
Inside: hin th trong khung, v d % hon thnh.
Gridlines:
la chn cc ng li hin th
trn bng tin , ta bm chut phi vo
vng hin th tin ri chn Gridlines.
Mt s la chn hin th hay d dng n,
bao gm:
Gantt Rows: hin th ng k
ngang cho mi dng ca tin .
Middle Tier Column: hin th
ng k ng cho tng thi gian th 2.
Bottom Tier Column: hin th ng k ng cho tng thi gian di cng.
Current Date: hin th ng k ng cho ngy hin ti.
Mt s lu khc:
ng s 0 (Project Summary Task): l cng tc tm lc ca ton b d n. Mc nh s
ly theo tn trong mc Title m ta khai bo trong Project Properties. Tuy nhin ta c th
chnh sa li theo nhu cu.
Khi thit lp mi lin h cng vic cn lu : mi cng vic u phi c mi lin h theo
sau vi cng vic khc, tr cng vic u tin; mi cng vic u phi c mi lin h kt thc
vi cng vic khc, tr cng vic cui cng (tham kho thm cc gio trnh T chc thi cng
ca trng i Hc Xy Dng).
M phn cp cng vic: ta khng nhp th cng, m dng tnh nng t gn m phn cp
cng vic ca Project, khi c s thay i trnh t cc cng vic, Project s t ng gn li
m phn cp. Vic to m phn cng theo mun ca ngi dng s c trnh by cc
phn sau.


Bi 3:
Khai bo v gn ti nguyn cho d n
1. Khai bo cc ti nguyn dng cho d n:
vo ca s khai bo v
qun l ti nguyn, trong ca s
Gantt Chart, vo tab
Task\ View ri chn Resource
Sheet.
Trong Resource Sheet, ta
vo Format\ Text Styles la
chn Font ch hin th. Sau ,
khai bo tn cc loi ti nguyn
ca d n vo ct Name, s
lng ti a ca ti nguyn ct
Max Units.
Mc nh, n v ca Duration v
Work ca mi cng vic s l Hours
(gi). la chn li n v, ta lm
nh sau: vo
File\ Options\ Schedule\ Scheduling
options for this project. Trong c
cc ty chn sau:
- Duration is entered in: la
chn n v cho Duration.
- Work is entered in: la chn
n v cho Work.
Thng thng, ta s chn n v
cho Duration v Work l Days (ngy).
Ti nguyn c 3 dng:
Work: ti nguyn lao ng, bao
gm con ngi, cc loi my
mc, thit b thi cng.
Material: ti nguyn vt t (v
d trong hnh l B tng
thng phm).


Cost: chi ph, l 1 dng ti nguyn m ta c th gn cho cng vic. V d nh ta c th gn chi
ph thu my mc, thit b (my thi cng nh
cu thp, vn thng ), hay thu dch v (cc
dch v t vn, ).
Thit lp dng cho ti nguyn bng cch trong
ca s Resouce Sheet, ti ct Type, ng vi mi ti
nguyn ta c th chn dng cho ti nguyn.
n v ca ti nguyn ta s nhp trong ct
Material Label. Ch c th gn n v cho cc ti
nguyn vt t. Cc ti nguyn lao ng s c tnh
ton theo s cng (ngy cng, gi cng, )
Max Units: S lng ln nht ca ti nguyn, l s lng ti nguyn ln nht c th cung ng.
Max Units ch p dng cho cc loi ti nguyn lao ng.
V d s lng cng nhn trn cng trng ch c 10. Nhng c nhng giai on, s lng
cng nhn cn tng ln ti 30. Do , cn phi to ra nhng khong thi gian m s lng ti a
ca cng nhn l khc nhau. Hoc
i vi vic thu chuyn gia, t
vn, chng ta cn xc nh thi
gian chuyn gia c kh nng
tham gia, c mt v thi gian
khng th c mt.
lm iu ny, trong bng
Resource sheet, ta bm chut
phi vo tn ti nguyn ri chn
Information, hoc vo tap
Resource ta chn vo
Information:
Trong bng Resource Information hin ra, trong mc Resource Availability ta c th gn
cc khong thi gian m s lng ti
nguyn ti a l khc nhau. Trong phn
Change Working Time, ta c th thay i
thi gian lm vic ph hp vi ti nguyn,
hoc to mi v gn 1 lch lm vic c
cho ti nguyn.
Trong Booking Type ta c 2 la chn:
Committed (cam kt) v Proposed (
xut).
Mc nh, la chn ca Booking Type l Commited. iu ny c ngha l cc ti nguyn khi
khai bo mc nh s c s dng cho d n.


2. Gn ti nguyn cho cc cng
vic:
Ta tin hnh gn ti nguyn cho
cc cng vic thng qua ca s Gantt
Chart. gn ti nguyn, ta c cc cch
sau:
Bm chut phi vo dng ca
cng vic, chn Information (hoc
trong tab Task tm n nhm
Properties, bm Information ) ri
gn ti nguyn trong sheet
Resources.
Trong tab Resources tm n
nhm Assignments ri bm
vo Assign Resources tin
hnh gn ti nguyn.
Bm chut phi vo vng biu , chn Show Split. Khi khung nhn s chia lm 2 phn
nh sau:
Khung pha di l ni thc hin cc thao tc gn ti nguyn. gn ti nguyn, ta bm chut
vo cng vic cn gn ti nguyn, sau trong tab Format chn vo Work nh hnh trn.
gn ti nguyn cho cng tc no, trn vng mn hnh th hin tin , ta chn cng tc .
Trong ct Resource Name bn di, ta bm vo mi tn gc d liu chn tn ti nguyn
cn gn. Sau nhp s lng ti nguyn cn gn trong ct Units.



Cng vic ang c gn ti
nguyn.

Cng vic ang c gn ti
nguyn.

Tn v s lng ti nguyn c
gn.

Sau khi la chn ti nguyn v s lng ti nguyn gn, ta nhn Enter 3 ln: ln 1 vic
chn ti nguyn c hiu lc, ln 2 gn ti nguyn ln cng vic, ln 3 kt thc vic gn ti
nguyn cho cng vic v chuyn xung cng vic pha di.
Sau khi n Enter 3 ln, ta thy loi ti nguyn v s lng
hin th trong ct Resource Names bn trn, v con tr chut
ang chn xung cng vic cn c gn ti nguyn lin bn di.

Tn ti nguyn c gn
S lng ti nguyn dc gn


i vi cc cng vic s dng nhiu hn 1 ti nguyn, th sau khi chn ti nguyn th nht v
nhp s lng, sau tip tc chn ti nguyn s 2 v nhp s lng. Lm ln lt n khi nhp
chng loi v s lng ti nguyn ri mi Enter gn ti nguyn ln cng vic.
i vi cng vic s dng nhiu hn 1 ti nguyn, th sau khi chn ti nguyn th nht v
nhp s lng, sau tip tc chn ti nguyn s 2. Lm ln lt n khi nhp chng loi v
s lng ti nguyn ri mi Enter gn ti nguyn ln cng vic.
Cc cng vic c gn ti nguyn
Gn ti nguyn cho ton b cc cng tc ca d n. Ta c kt qu nh sau:
Nhu cu s dng ti nguyn c cng khc nhau cho cng 1 cng vic:


Trong thc t, c nhng cng vic m
nhu cu s dng ti nguyn trong cc
khong thi gian khc nhau l khc nhau.
V d mt cng vic thi cng trong 3
ngy, ngy u tin ch cn 10 cng nhn,
ngy th 2 cn 15 cng nhn, ngy th 3 cn
20 cng nhn. Ta tin hnh khai bo v gn
ti nguyn cho cng vic mt cch bnh
thng, vi Units l 10 cng nhn (Hnh 1).
Lc ny, Work ca cng vic s l 30d.
Sau , ta vo Task Usage, kt qu nh
hnh 2.
Trong Task Usage, ta chnh sa s lng cng nhn ca ngy s 2 v s 3 t 10d thnh 15d
v 20d (Hnh 3). Project s t hiu rng ngy th 2 v ngy th 3 s c tng ng l 15 v 20
ngi. Khi , Work ca cng vic khng cn l 30d, m s c tnh bng cng thc
10x1+15x1+20x1 =45d. V biu nhn lc lc ny cng s bin i theo (Hnh 4).
Gi s ta c 1 cng vic, c 2 loi ti nguyn tham gia nh trong hnh 1. Tuy nhin, vi ti
nguyn my, do khng c nhu cu s dng cha cn ngay hoc cha th huy ng kp, m phi li
vic bt u cho My tham gia l 1 ngy. Khi , ta lm nh sau:
Bc 1: Trong Gantt
Chart, gn ti nguyn cho
cng vic nh bnh thng.
Bc 2: Trong Task
Usage, chn thm 2 ct
Start v Finish.
Bc 3: Thit
lp thi gian
bt u, kt
thc ca ti
nguyn trong
ct Start,
Finish tng
ng.


Nh vy, trong cng vic trn, ta thy cng vic bt u t ngy 22/4/2013 n 25/ 4/ 2013,
nhng ti nguyn nhn cng ch tham gia t ngy 22/4/2013 n 24/ 4/ 2013, v thi gian
tham gia ca ti nguyn My l t ngy 23/4/2013 n 25/ 3/ 2013.
3. Cc ti nguyn vt liu v chi ph:
i vi ti nguyn lao ng (Work), th s lng ti nguyn gn cho cng vic s l cng
s dng ca ti nguyn, v tng hao ph ti nguyn s c tnh theo cng thc: Work = Units x
Duration.
Tuy nhin, i vi ti nguyn vt liu (Material) v chi ph (Cost) th ta s gn vo tng hao
ph.
V d, cng vic lp dng ct thp v vn khun mng c khi l 48 tn thp v 480 m2 vn
khun, thi cng trong 10 ngy. Khi ta s nhp thi gian hon thnh cng vic l 10 ngy, v
nhp s lng ti nguyn l 48 tn thp v 480 m2 vn khun.
Khi , Project s t phn b tng khi lng ct thp v vn khun theo cng thc:
Units = Work/ Duration.
y, ta c Units ca Ct thp: 48/ 16 =3 (tn/ ngy) v Units ca Vn khun: 480/ 16 =30
(m2/ ngy).


i vi ti nguyn chi ph (Cost) ta cng tng t nh vy.

4. Thay i ti nguyn gn trc :
thay i ti nguyn gn, ta
c th xa i v gn li ti nguyn.
Hoc ta c th gn thng qua hp
thoi Assign Resources.
Ta chn cng vic cn thay i ti
nguyn, vo tab Resources\ Assign
Resources. Trong hp thoi Assign
Resource, cc ti nguyn gn s
c nh du. gn thm mt loi
ti nguyn, ta bm chut chn vo ti
nguyn , g s lng trong ct
Units ri bm vo nt Assign.
loi b 1 loi ti nguyn
gn, ta bm chn vo tn loi ti
nguyn , ri bm vo Remove.
thay th mt li ti nguyn
gn, ta chn vo ti nguyn cn thay
th , ri bm vo Replace.
Trong hp thoi Replace
Resource, ta chn vo loi ti nguyn
c dng thay th, g vo s
lng ri bm OK chng trnh
thay th ti nguyn.
Trong hp thoi Assign
Resources c ty chn Resource list
Options:
Trong Fillter By, ta c th la
chn cc yu cu ca ti nguyn, nh
lng ti nguyn cn d (Available
Work) vc cc yu cu khc nh yu
cu v nhm ti nguyn kiu ti
nguyn (work, material, cost),


Bi 4:
ng gng ca tin - cp nht tin thc hin
1. ng gng v cng tc gng ca tin :
ng gng ca tin l tp hp cc cng tc (hoc c th ch l 1 cng tc) quyt nh thi
gian hon thnh ca cng tc. Nh vy, khi cng tc cui cng thuc ng gng hon thnh, th
d n cng hon thnh. Bt c s tr hon no ca cc cng tc trn ng gng u dn n s
tr hon ngy kt thc ca d n.
Cc cng tc nm trn ng gng c gi l cng tc gng. Cc cng tc gng khng c thi
gian d tr.
Thi gian d tr c 2 dng:
D tr ton phn (total slack): l khong thi gian m mt cng tc c th tr hon hoc ko
di m khng nh hng n thi im kt thc ca d n.
D tr ring phn (free slack): l khong thi gian m cng vic c th tr hon hoc ko di
m khng nh hng n thi im kt thc ca cng vic lin sau n.
Cng tc c coi l cng tc gng khi:
Khng c thi gian d tr (thi gian d tr bng 0).
C kiu rng buc Must Start On hoc Must Finish On.
C kiu rng buc As Late As Possible trong d n lp c ngy khi cng xc nh.
C kiu rng buc As Soon As Possible trong d n lp c ngy kt thc xc nh.
Cng tc c thi im hon thnh trng vi thi im Daedline quy nh (l thi im m
ta bt buc cng tc phi hon thnh).
Cc cng tc hon
thnh 100% s khng cn l
cng tc gng, v n khng
cn tc ng n thi im
hon thnh ca d n hoc
cc cng tc khc na.
Thay i iu kin
cng tc l cng tc gng:
Mc nh, mt cng vic
c thi gian d tr bng 0 s
l cng tc gng. Tuy nhin, ta
c th thay i con s ny:
Vo
File\ Options\ Advanced.
Trong mc Task are critical
if slack is less than or equal
to ta c th iu chnh s
ngy Project coi mt cng
tc l cng tc gng. Gi tr ta
c th thay i t 0 n 9999
ngy.


2. Quan st ng gng:
hin ng gng trong Project, ta lm nh sau: vo Format chn Critical Tasks.
Khi , Project s nh du cc cng tc gng bng mu , v cc cng tc khng phi l gng
s c mu xanh.
3. Quan st thi gian d tr ca cng vic:
Thi gian d tr bao gm c d tr ton phn (Total slack) v d tr ring (Free slack).
quan st thi gian d tr ton phn v d tr ring, trong Gantt Chart, ta chn thm cc
ct Total slack v Free slack.
thi gian d tr ring (Free slack) th hin trong biu Gantt Chart, ta c vo Format
chn Slack.
4. Cp nht tin thc hin cng vic:
Cp nht tin ca d, bao gm tin hon thnh v tin iu chnh ca d n.
Tin hon thnh: l phn trm tng cng vic c hon thnh.
Tin iu chnh: l vic thay i thi im bt u, kt thc, di chuyn khong thi gian
din ra cng vic hay thay i thi gian (Durations) ca cng vic.
Trc khi cp nht tin , ta cn lu tin c s c th so snh gia:


K hoch: l tin trc khi cp nht.
Thc hin: l tin sau khi cp nht.
Ngoi ra, ta c th bit dc 1 cng vic b chm i bao nhiu thi gian so vi k hoch.
5. Sao lu tin c s (Baseline):
lu tin c s, ta vo Project chn Set
Baseline.
Trong ca s Set Baseline, trong mc Set
Baseline ta c th chn 1 Baseline mi (trong tng 11
Baseline), hoc c th la chn mt Baseline lu
lu .
Trong mc For: ta chn Entire Project lu
ton b d n, hoc chn Selected tasks chn lu
mt s cng tc c th.
Sau khi lu tin c s, ng cng tc trong
Gantt Chart hin th thm phn tin c s song
song vi tin hin thi. Vic ny gip ta so snh
c gia tin ca k hoch (tin c s) v tin
trin khai hin thi.
6. Cp nht tin hon thnh ca cng vic:
% hon thnh cng vic s bao gm:
Ha thnh theo thi gian: % Complete.
Hon thnh theo khi lng cng vic: % Complete Work.
% hon thnh theo khi lng cng vic ch c tnh ton khi ta gn ti nguyn cho cng
vic.
Khi ta cp nht % hon thnh cng vic theo thi gian, MS Project s t ng tnh ton % hon
thnh theo khi lng. Tuy nhin, ta c th nhp li % khi lng ny.
T ng cp nht tin hon thnh:
Theo l thuyt, mi cng vic c cng thi gian s cng din ra. Nn n thi im hin ti,
nu mt cng vic nm trong khong thi gian th s phi din ra. Do , trong Project c mt
cng c gip ta cp nht nhanh tin n thi gian hin hnh. l Update Project. Khi ta dng
Update Project, th tt c cc cng vic u c cp nht vic thc hin n ngy hin hnh.
7. Cp nht tin iu chnh ca cng vic:
Vic cp nht tin iu chnh ca cng vic bao gm cc trng hp sau:
Thay i thi im bt u cng vic.


Thay i thi gian d kin ca cng vic.
i vi cc cng vic thuc ng gng, khi ta cp nht tin iu chnh s nh hng n
ton b d n, c th lm thay i ng gng. i vi cc cng vic khng thuc ng gng, nu
ta thay i trong gii hn d tr th s khng nh hng n ng gng v d n.

Cng vic c Duration thay i
Cng vic c Start thay i

8. Thi gian b y li khi cp nht tin :
Vic cp nht tin iu chnh ca cng vic c th lm cc cng vic khc b y li. Project
c cng c Slippage cnh bo cc cng vic b y li so vi k hoch c s lu.
Vic thay i tin iu chnh ca cng vic ch c tc dng i vi cc cng vic cha c
hon thnh 100%.

Cng vic c s thay i
thi gian
Cng vic c trt v thi
gian

Thi gian trt c th hin pha trc ng cng vic, cn thi gian d tr ring s c
th hin pha sau.

Tài Liệu MS Project 2010 - Gxd.vn

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Tài Liệu MS Project 2010 - Gxd.vn

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Cng ty c phn Gi Xy Dng

a ch: S 2A ng 55 Nguyn Ngc Ni - Thanh Xun - H Ni

You might also like