ALS Minerals Services Schedule USD 2012

Schedule of Services & Fees
RIGHT SOLUTIONS RIGHT PARTNER www.alsglobal.com

2012 USD
STEWART GROUP JOINS ALS
ALS is delighted to announce the acquisition of global
inspection and analysis provider Stewart Group.
Stewart Group provides global Geochemical & Assay,
Mineralogy & Metallurgy and Inspection & Analysis solutions.
This signicant acquisition enables ALS to increase its global footprint in
strategic markets and further develop ALS Minerals as a broad-based technical
Services provider to support all aspects of minerals related testing from
exploration and development, mining and processing, through to inspection,
analysis and certication of shipments of metals and concentrates for
commercial exchange purposes.

The full range of global services within ALS Minerals include:
Geochemistry Mine Site Laboratories
Mineralogy & Metallurgy Inspection & Analysis
ALS Minerals is a division of ALS Group. The other members of the group provide services to the coal, environmental, food, pharmaceutical, industrial
and petroleum industries. ALS Group is a wholly owned subsidiary of Campbell Brothers Limited, a publicly listed Australian Company (ASX code CPB).
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Quality .......................................................................................................................... 2
Webtrieve-CoreViewer .............................................................................................. 3
Sample Preparation ...................................................................................................... 4
Mobile Sample Preparation Facilities ................................................................................................................... 4
Drill Core Services .................................................................................................................................................. 5
Sample Submission ................................................................................................................................................ 6
Sample Preparation Packages .............................................................................................................................. 7
Individual Sample Preparation Procedures .......................................................................................................... 8
Specic Gravity & Bulk Density ............................................................................................................................. 9
Precious Metal Analysis .............................................................................................. 10
Gold ....................................................................................................................................................................... 10
Silver ...................................................................................................................................................................... 13
Platinum, Palladium & Other Precious Metals ................................................................................................... 13
Exploration Geochemistry ........................................................................................... 14
Ultra-Trace Level Methods Using ICP-AES & ICP-MS ........................................................................................... 15
Trace Level Methods Using Conventional ICP-AES Analysis .............................................................................. 17
Low Grade Mineralized Materials ....................................................................................................................... 18
Single Element Methods ..................................................................................................................................... 19
Miscellaneous Methods ....................................................................................................................................... 20
Selective Leach Geochemistry ............................................................................................................................ 21
Specialty Exploration Geochemistry ................................................................................................................... 22
Rare Earth Elements & Lithogeochemistry .................................................................. 24
Rare Earth Elements ............................................................................................................................................ 24
Lithogeochemistry ............................................................................................................................................... 25
Specic Ores & Commodities ....................................................................................... 26
Ore Grade Methods .............................................................................................................................................. 26
Base Metals in Massive Suldes ......................................................................................................................... 27
Copper ................................................................................................................................................................... 28
Nickel .................................................................................................................................................................... 29
Iron Ore ................................................................................................................................................................. 30
Bauxite .................................................................................................................................................................. 31
XRF Methods ......................................................................................................................................................... 32
Other Target Elements and Commodities .......................................................................................................... 33
Concentrates, Metallurgical Materials and Bullion Analysis ....................................... 34
Concentrates and Bullion Analysis ..................................................................................................................... 34
Inspection & Analysis .......................................................................................................................................... 35
Metallurgy ............................................................................................................................................................. 36
Mineralogy ............................................................................................................................................................ 37
Other Services ............................................................................................................. 38
Acid Base Accounting .......................................................................................................................................... 38
On-Site Labs .......................................................................................................................................................... 39
ALS Terms & Conditions ............................................................................................... 40
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Please contact us for details regarding the scope of registration.
ISO 17025:2005 Accredited Methods
& ISO 9001:2008 Registration
in North America
in Australia
ISO 17025:2005 Accredited
Methods in South Africa
ISO 17025:2005 Accredited
Methods in Ireland
in Peru, Chile & Argentina
in China
ISO 9001:2008
Registration in Kyrgyzstan
in Russia

CNAS L4264
ALS Minerals is the leading full-service provider of analytical geochemistry services to the
Mining Industry the world over. Our integrated network of over 60 laboratories around the
world ensures consistent quality and dependable client service wherever we might meet
you. Our services are available through any one of the many general service laboratories
listed on the back page of this schedule. However, we also provide custom services for on-
site laboratory and sample preparation facilities as well as mobile laboratories and sample
preparation installations.
This edition of our Schedule of Services and Fees describes a broad selection of our global
services but it is by no means a comprehensive list. For specic questions please contact
our client services team or the lab nearest to you and we will be glad to help. Prices listed
here do not contain locally applicable taxes. ALS Minerals reserves the right to alter listed
prices at any time.
Quality
ALS Minerals staff understand the value of quality analytical data to the integrity of exploration and mining companies. Our processes
are strategically designed to ensure that our clients receive the best quality assays to assist with corporate decision making. The ALS
Minerals quality program consists of a series of checks and balances with monitoring at top management levels. Our global information
management system gives oversight and access to all processes even at our most remote locations. Our on-line Webtrieve tools
provide client access to this quality information at all times as well.
Our laboratories on each continent are accredited to ISO/IEC 17025-2005 standards to provide complete assurance regarding quality
performance in every aspect of our network. Accreditations are continuously being expanded.
ALS Minerals
Global Locations
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PRECIOUS
METALS
EXPLORATION
GEOCHEMISTRY
ORES &
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CONCENTRATES
METALLURGY
RARE EARTH ELEMENTS
LITHOGEOCHEMISTRY
SAMPLE
PREPARATION
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Webtrieve
Webtrieve continues to be a key part of ALS Minerals services. Our global network is linked together for our clients through
this industry-leading tool. Webtrieve at its simplest use allows for access to location of samples, information on job progress,
data retrieval in custom formats and details of associated quality data. Through our Open Lab concept, access is provided to
full audit trails and all meta data allowing inquiries into batch sizes, order, sample sizes, re-weighs and overall performance of
control standards for procedures. Report tools allow review of turnaround time, sample ow graphs, methods used for projects
and statistical summaries.
CoreViewer
ALS Webtrieve data retrieval service has recently been expanded to include core images from core photos. The core photos are
rendered into a single down-hole, depth registered image. Geochemical data may be plotted with this image, and anomalies
interrogated with respect to the photo. Photos from geocemically anomalous locations can be magnied to view details and
fracture density, mineralogy, and texture. The ALS Minerals service includes long term, unlimited photo archival and on-line
viewing via the Webtrieve on-line data system.
ALS Minerals now offers via our state-of-theart Webtrieve the capability
to submit core photos, manage and archive them and plot geochemical data
alongside the photograph.
CORE BOX PHOTOS
GEOCHEMICAL DATA
CoreViewer
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OTHER
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PRECIOUS
METALS
ORES &
COMMODITIES
CONCENTRATES
METALLURGY
RARE EARTH ELEMENTS
LITHOGEOCHEMISTRY
EXPLORATION
GEOCHEMISTRY
SAMPLE
PREPARATION
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Truly remote projects require a higher degree of support. Each project has
particular demands and no two circumstances are exactly alike. The logistics and
expense of sample shipment often drives a need for carefully designed on-site
sample preparation. In some situations, on-site analytical capability is required.
Custom Mobile Sample Preparation Facilities
ALS Minerals offers clients a Mobile Preparation Lab option for setting up on-site facilities. Mobile preparation labs have been
manufactured for years by ALS Minerals for ALS clients. We have many in operation at any time around the globe. We have two
standard sample preparation congurations and extensive experience manufacturing more customized solutions for clients whose
requirements are more demanding.
A mobile sample preparation module consists of either a 10
by 20 foot, or a 10 by 40 foot standard shipping container,
which is converted into a sample preparation area housing:
one/two heavy duty crushers
one/two large bowl ring pulverizers (2 kg capacity
bowls)
working stations
dust collector
electric drying oven including carts
heavy duty air-compressor
a nominal diesel powered generator package 100
kVA (optional)
Complete labs can be manufactured in 6 to 8 weeks.
ALS On-site Support
An ALS Minerals supervisor will be on-site for the installation of the facility. ALS Minerals can also be contracted to provide on-site
training in most languages (English, French, Spanish, Russian and others). You can also have one or more of your staff trained at
an ALS Minerals facility. Under certain conditions and given enough lead time, ALS Minerals is also able to operate such facilities
on a contract basis.
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METALS
EXPLORATION
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METALLURGY
RARE EARTH ELEMENTS
LITHOGEOCHEMISTRY
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In many instances geologists are forced to operate in new geographies with little
logistical support and yet are still expected to collect data that is meaningful
and insightful. To support such efforts, many ALS facilities now offer a variety
of services to help collect and analyze drill samples in a highly-secure and
controlled environment. Together, these services can provide a streamlined
and easy way to collect, store, and retrieve a wealth of information very soon
after core is provided to the laboratory.
Core Cutting and Other Services
In the past year, ALS Minerals has introduced a group of services called the ALS Core Shed in which we provide
services to help you manage your core samples in the eld with greater ease and less expense. ALS Core Shed
services can be bundled in any combination and cover the full range of handling and management services that
clients typically require at a remote drill site.
Clients who ship core directly to the nearest ALS Core Shed facility will nd a comfortable, dedicated, secure
and safe space in which to lay-out and log core, lighting and infrastructure to support core photography,
equipment to scan core using portable x-ray equipment and in selected locations, equipment to provide infra-
red and hyperspectral scans for mineralogical information prior to chemical analysis. As with all our services, all
information can be readily uploaded to our Webtrieve system for easy distribution and access from anywhere
in the world.
ALS Core Shed services include:
Secure and dedicated rental space for layout and logging of core or other materials
Core cutting services
High resolution core photography linked to Webtrieve for online viewing
Hand-held portable XRF equipment and analysis for quick point determinations
Specic gravity and/or bulk density testing
Secure barcoded on-site storage that can be seen and monitored via Webtrieve
Complete sample preparation and multi-element analysis of core samples as required
DESCRIPTION CODE PRICE ($)
Rental space for secure core logging at ALS facilities with full spectrum lights, desk space, access to internet, etc. LOG-COR10
Price on request
High resolution, continuous core photo with down-hole depth linked to Webtrieve for online viewing. PHO-COR10
Core sawing using automated core saws. SAW-01
Secure core storage at an ALS facility. STO-COR10
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METALS
ORES &
COMMODITIES
CONCENTRATES
METALLURGY
RARE EARTH ELEMENTS
LITHOGEOCHEMISTRY
EXPLORATION
GEOCHEMISTRY
SAMPLE
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The preparation process is designed to produce a small, representative and homogeneous sub-sample from the material you submit
to the laboratory. Sample preparation schemes are available to suit most purposes but can also be readily customized to suit any
particular project requirement. ALS Minerals staff are accustomed to adapting to specialized procedures and are very aware of the
signicance that variations in certain steps can have on analytical outcomes.
In particular, it is helpful to advise us of mineralized samples that require special handling or special equipment cleaning cycles to
eliminate contamination of other samples that might follow in a batch.
Sample Pick-up Services
Sample transportation/pick-up services can be arranged from any of our locations. Please contact your nearest ALS ofce for details.
Accurate results begin with representative samples. Meticulous care is taken
in the collection of geological or other samples to ensure that the laboratory
receives truly representative samples. Following sample collection, appropriate
laboratory sample preparation protocols must be selected with care to produce
the desired homogeneous subsample for analysis. ALS Minerals approaches
sample preparation with the same rigorous quality control procedures and
careful attention to detail as any other stage of analysis.
Sample Submission
Please send your samples to any of the addresses on our website and those listed on the back cover page of this document. Pre-
addressed adhesive labels and sample submission forms are available on our website and can be sent to you on request as well.
We can also offer advice on shipping your samples to any of our laboratories by surface carrier, air cargo and air express.
Detailed information on requirements and regulations for each jurisdiction are on the website.
Sample Tracking
ALS Minerals is very aware of the value of your samples. Condence and security in the chain of custody for your samples as they
pass through our system is obviously very important. To provide complete traceability, your samples are logged into our proprietary
world-wide laboratory information management system and given a barcode at log-in. A per sample fee is applicable and is
included in the Sample Preparation Packages quoted on the following page. We encourage clients to barcode samples prior to
sending them to our laboratories. In such cases we will work with your barcodes. Alternatively, we can attach an ALS Minerals
system barcode as your samples are received.
DESCRIPTION APPLICATION CODE PRICE ($)
Sample pick-up service. All sample types. PKP-21 By Quotation
DESCRIPTION APPLICATION CODE PRICE PER SAMPLE ($)
Log sample in tracking system and weigh.
All samples.
Samples received with barcode labels attached to sample bag. LOG-21 0.60
Samples received without barcode labels attached. LOG-22 1.20
Pulps received without barcode labels attached.
At least one out of every 50 samples is selected at random for
routine pulp QC tests (LOG-QC). For routine pulps, the specication
is 85% passing a 75 micron screen. Other specications may be
checked as per client requirements.
LOG-24 1.20
Workorder/administration fee applied per submittal. Single charge for each batch of samples submitted. BAT-01 26.45
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METALLURGY
RARE EARTH ELEMENTS
LITHOGEOCHEMISTRY
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Soil and Sediment Samples
Soil samples submitted for processing are dried at low temperature. This package includes login of samples to our laboratory tracking
system, weighing and drying. Excessively wet samples may require additional drying which may result in the application of a surcharge.
Commonly Used Rock, Drill and Chip Sample Procedures with Large Bowl Pulverizing (>3kg)
All packages include the same login, weighing and drying treatment as international samples. Excessively wet samples may
require additional drying which can result in the application of a surcharge.
Sample Storage
Materials submitted for analysis are retained free of charge at our laboratories for a limited time. Prepared master pulps are stored
for 90 days from the time we issue the nal Certicate of Analysis. Coarse and ne reject (residue) fractions are stored for 45 days
from the time we issue the nal Certicate of Analysis. Reasonable monthly charges will apply to samples stored for longer periods
in our facilities.
ALS Minerals storage facilities provide a secure and organized environment protected from the elements. ALS Minerals also provides
climate controlled storage environments where required, including freezer storage for unstable samples.
All sample storage locations are included in the laboratory tracking system so that all your samples for all your projects can be
located to the rack and shelf location in any of our facilities world-wide at all times.
Sample Preparation Packages
The packages described below illustrate the most common procedures used to produce representative sub-samples. Please contact
our client service staff or your local laboratory manager to discuss your specic sample preparation and analytical requirements.
We have a wide range of expertise available within the ALS Group to help you with most questions you might have.
Commonly Used Rock, Drill and Chip Sample Procedures
All packages listed below include a login of samples to our laboratory tracking system, weighing, standard drying and ne crushing
of the entire sample to produce a crush product with 70% of material less than 2mm diameter. Excessively wet samples may
require additional drying which can result in the application of a surcharge.
Pulverize entire sample in multiple stages to 85% passing 75
microns or better. Recombine and homogenize by rifing and/or
re-pulverizing.
For rock or drill samples with a nominal particle
size of <10 mm.
(Samples that are coarser will require crushing
prior to processing. See page 8 for available
options).
PUL-22
7.20/3kg plus 5.30 to
homogenize
Rife split sample to a maximum of 3kg and pulverize split to 85%
passing 75 microns or better. Retain and bag unpulverized reject.
PUL-23 7.20 plus 0.90/kg
Rife split sample to a maximum of 3kg and pulverize split to 85%
passing 75 microns or better. Dispose of unpulverized reject.
PUL-24 7.20 plus 0.65/kg
Notes: Splitting charges will only apply to samples >3kg.
Bagging charges only apply to samples >3kg where both ne pulverized bulk residue and crushed residue are to be retained.
PUL-23 is the default sample preparation method and will apply in all cases where specic codes are not requested for samples exceeding 1kg in weight.
Sieve sample to -180 micron (80 mesh). Retain both fractions. Soil or sediment samples. PREP-41 1.40 plus 2.35/kg
Monthly storage of bulk residues (<3kg of coarse reject or nely
pulverized material) after the rst 45 days.
Storage of remaining sample after the rst 45 days
from the issue date of the nal certicate
of analysis.
STO-REJ 0.65
Monthly storage of master pulps after the rst 90 days. Longer term storage of pulps. STO-PUL 0.30
Monthly storage of screening reject fractions after the rst 45 days. Longer term storage of screening reject fractions. STO-SCR 0.30
Handling and retrieval of stored samples. Stored samples. RET-21 59.55/hour
Disposal of pulps and coarse fractions. Pulps and coarse fractions. DIS-21 By Quotation
Return of samples to client. Returned samples. RTN-21 By Quotation
Split off 250g and pulverize split to better than 85% passing
75 microns.
Rock, drill and chip samples.
PREP-31 7.20 plus 0.70/kg
Split off 1kg and pulverize split to better than 85% passing
75 microns.
PREP-31b 8.35 plus 0.70/kg
Rotary split off 1kg and pulverize to better than 85% passing
75 microns
PREP-31BY 8.35 plus 0.70/kg
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Splitting
Some samples may require splitting into representative subsamples. In many locations automated rotary splitters can be attached
to crushers to produce demonstrably superior precision in sub-sample analyses. The addition of rotary splitting eliminates one of
the largest systemic sources of error in the production of a sub-sample for analysis.
Pulverizing
All pulverizing procedures make use of ying disk or ring and puck style grinding mills unless otherwise specied.
Pulverizing bowls are made from a low chrome steel. Other bowls are also available for non-metallic sample preparation
(i.e. tungsten carbide, agate , zirconia etc.). Please enquire if you are interested in non-metallic pulverization media.
Crushing
Jaw crushers may be used when samples consist of large pieces that cannot be put directly into a large pulverizing mill, or where
particle size must be reduced prior to splitting.
Individual Sample Preparation Procedures
The following procedures are used either separately or combined in a package in order to meet specic needs. Most of these
procedures are charged at a rate that is based on sample weight.
Drying
Drying charges are only applied to samples that are excessively wet. Local laboratory managers will determine the applicability of
such charges in consultation with the client, when the samples are received.
Split sample using a rife splitter. Standard splitting procedure. SPL-21 1.80 plus 0.33/kg
Split sample using a rotary splitter. Premium splitting procedure. SPL-22 2.65 plus 0.85/kg
Pulverize a split or total sample of up to 250g to 85% passing 75
micron or better.
Default procedure for samples that are nely
crushed and split prior to pulverizing or for total
samples up to 250g.
PUL-31 4.20
Pulverize a 1,000g split to 85% passing 75 micron or better. Pulverizing of a 1kg split or total sample up to 1kg. PUL-32 5.95
Pulverize a 1,000g split to 90% passing 75 micron or better Pulverizing a 1kg split when a ner grind is required. PUL-32a 7.20
Pulverize the entire sample to 85% passing 75 micron or better. Appropriate for samples up to 3kg. PUL-21 9.80
Coarse crushing of rock chip and drill samples to 70% nominal -6mm. Used if the material is too coarse for introduction
into the pulverizing mill and as a preliminary step
before ne crushing of larger samples.
CRU-21 2.65 plus 0.43/kg
Fine crushing of rock chip and drill samples to 70% -2mm or better. Standard preparation procedure for samples where
a representative split will be pulverized.
CRU-31 2.65 plus 0.43/kg
Fine crushing of rock chip and drill samples 85% nominal -2mm Option for when a ner grind is desired. CRU-36 3.00 plus 0.95/kg
Fine crushing of rock chip and drill samples to 90% nominal -2mm Option for when a ner grind is desired. CRU-32 3.55 plus 0.95/kg
Drying of excessively wet samples in drying ovens. Default drying procedure for most rock chip and
drill samples.
DRY-21 2.35 plus 0.48/kg
Drying of excessively wet samples in drying ovens that are
controlled to a maximum temperature of 60C
Most soil and sediment samples that are analyzed
for volatile elements.
DRY-22 2.35 plus 0.48/kg
Air-drying of samples. Selective Leach procedures and others. DRY-23 2.35 plus 0.48/kg
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Specic Gravity & Bulk Density
Specic Gravity (SG) and Bulk Density (BD) of ores is often under-characterized in the determination of tonnage and grade of a
deposit. Incorrect assumptions or inadequate characterization of this basic rock property has lead to gross errors in the deposit
tonnage in several instances.
Specic gravity on solid objects is calculated by the difference in weight of the object in air and in water. Depending on the
fractured or porous nature of the sample, a wax coating may be necessary. The result is expressed as a ratio of the samples weight
with respect to an equal volume of water. Common rock samples are typically about SG 2.6. SG analysis on pulps is carried out by
placing 3g of pulp into a pycnometer, which is then lled with a solvent. The calculation is made using the weight of the sample
and the weight of the displaced solvent.
Bulk Density analysis on solid objects is carried out by weighing the object, then slowly placing it into a bulk density apparatus
which is lled with water. The displaced water is collected into a graduated cylinder and measured. The BD calculation takes into
account the weight of the sample and the volume of water displaced; the result is expressed as g/cm3. BD may alternatively be
calculated from SG data.
Calculations for SG and BD are corrected for air temperature and the density of the wax coating, if a wax coating is used.
Miscellaneous Procedures
Compositing of two or more pulp samples, including homogenizing
the composite pulp. Volumetric procedure.
The volumetric is the standard procedure.
CMP-21 2.10
Compositing of two or more pulp samples, including homogenizing
the composite pulp. Gravimetric procedure.
The gravimetric is used when the densities of the
samples vary signicantly.
CMP-22 3.90
Clean crushers with barren material after every sample. As required. (The standard procedure uses
compressed air cleaning between samples and
barren material between each batch).
WSH-21 2.35
Clean pulverizers with barren material after every sample. As required. (The standard procedure uses
compressed air cleaning or vacuuming between
samples and barren material between each batch).
WSH-22 3.00
Transfer sample to drying tray or new sample bag, applicable to
samples requiring tray drying.
Tray drying of samples submitted in plastic bags.
TRA-21 1.20
Re-bagging sample in new bag. For samples submitted in plastic bags
or damaged bags.
BAG-01 1.20
Homogenize stored or composite sample by light pulverizing. Re-homogenization of samples including samples
from long term storage.
HOM-01 5.30
Quarantine (heat treatment, storage). Required for relevant samples
imported into Australia.
AQIS approved heat treatment and storage.
QAR-01 1.20
DESCRIPTION RANGE CODE PRICE PER SAMPLE ($)
Specic Gravity on solid objects - OA-GRA08 11.90
Specic Gravity on solid objects after wax coating - OA-GRA08a 15.50
Specic Gravity on pulps using pycnometer - OA-GRA08b 11.90
Bulk Density 0.01 20g/cm3 OA-GRA09 11.90
Bulk Density after wax coating 0.01 20g/cm3 OA-GRA09a 19.05
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LITHOGEOCHEMISTRY
EXPLORATION
GEOCHEMISTRY
SAMPLE
PREPARATION
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Gold and other precious metals continue to be highly sought after by mining
and exploration companies worldwide as a result of their strong prices in
recent years. ALS Minerals has the analytical tools and years of experience to
help you with this potentially valuable search.
Selection of the best method for the accurate determination of precious metal content in a sample is highly dependent on
the nature of the sample matrix, the grain size and distribution of the precious metals of interest and the objective of the
analytical result.
Gold
Fire Assay Fusion
For quantitative analysis of gold, the re assay procedure is still the preferred choice globally. However, it should also be recognized
that a wide variety of minerals and metals such as chromite, base metal suldes and oxides, selenides and tellurides in moderate
to high concentrations, can interfere with the re assay process, generally leading to low precious metal recoveries. With prior
knowledge of the presence of these minerals and metals, ALS Minerals can modify ux constituents and increase ux to sample
ratios to improve recoveries. In most cases, a reduction in sample weight will yield higher precious metal recoveries, particularly
in the presence of the interfering species mentioned above. For optimum gold and PGE recoveries for most sample matrices, ALS
Minerals recommends a 30g maximum charge weight.
ANALYTE RANGE (ppm)** DESCRIPTION CODE PRICE PER SAMPLE ($)
Trace Level
Au 0.001-10 Au by re assay and ICP-AES.
30g nominal sample weight
Au-ICP21
Au-ICP22
16.10
19.00
Au 0.002-1 Au by re assay and AAS.
Au-AA21
Au-AA22
16.10
19.65
Au-AA23
Au-AA24
15.50
18.45
Ore Grade
Au-AA25
Au-AA26
16.10
19.00
Au 0.05-1,000 Au by re assay and gravimetric nish.
Au-GRA21
Au-GRA22
20.20
24.35
Au
Ag
0.05-1,000
5-10,000
Au and Ag by re assay and gravimetric nish.
ME-GRA21
ME-GRA22
26.20
30.35
Au 0.05-1,000 1 kg.screen re assay. Screen to 100 micron.
Duplicate assay on screen undersize. Assay of entire oversize fraction.
Au-SCR21*
Au-SCR24*
53.65
59.45

* Other screen sizes may be available - please contact your local ofce for details.
** 1 oz/ton = 34.2857 ppm
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Aqua Regia Gold Digestions
Aqua regia digestion is generally suitable for the determination of gold in soil and stream sediment samples. When this digestion
procedure is used to measure the acid extractable gold content of rock chips and other more mineralized materials, roasting of
samples containing suldes and/or carbon prior to analysis is recommended. A 15g sample is often sufcient for soils. For stream
sediments, the large 50g nominal weight and lower detection limit is recommended.
Adding Multi-Element Determinations to an Aqua Regia Gold Digestion
Many projects require the full multi-element suite from the ME-MS41 (page 16) plus a larger sample size for Au to reduce potential
nugget effects and provide the lowest possible detection limit. ME-MS41 can be combined with our Trace Level and Super Trace
Level aqua regia gold digestions to provide a larger sample size and the full multi-element information.
A 15g sample is often sufcient for soils. For stream sediments, the larger 50g nominal weight and lower detection limit is recommended.
If the full complement of ME-MS41 elements is not required, other alternatives for adding trace element data exist. An aliquot from
the aqua regia gold digestion (Au-ST43 or Au-ST44) can be analyzed by either ICP-AES or ICP-MS to give additional information for acid
leachable trace elements.
ANALYTE RANGE (ppm) DESCRIPTION CODE PRICE PER SAMPLE ($)
Super Trace Level
Au 0.0001-0.1 Au by aqua regia, ICP-MS (MARG).
Au-ST43
Au-ST44
16.65
18.50
Trace Level
Au 0.001-1 Au by aqua regia extraction with ICP-MS nish.
Au-TL42
Au-TL43
Au-TL44
13.80
14.55
16.20
Ore Grade
Au 0.01-100 Au by aqua regia extraction with AAS or ICP-MS nish.
Au-OG43
Au-OG44
13.90
15.50
Roasting
Au Samples containing suldic, calcareous or organic material RST-21 7.20
Au + ME-MS41 0.0001-0.1 Au by Aqua Regia with ICP-MS nish + MS-MS41
25g nominal weight
50g nominal weight
ST43-PKG
ST44-PKG
31.15
34.20
0.001-1 Au by Aqua Regia with ICP-MS nish + ME-MS41
15g nominal weight
25g nominal weight
50g nominal weight
TL42-PKG
TL43-PKG
TL44-PKG
26.45
28.65
31.45
ANALYTES & RANGES (ppm) CODE PRICE PER SAMPLE ($)
Ag 0.4-40 Cd 1-5,000 Mn 5-10,000 Sb 2-10,000
ME-ICP43 (25g)
ME-ICP44 (50g)
11.90 complete package or
7.20 plus 0.65/element
As 1-10,000 Co 1-10,000 Mo 1-5,000 Zn 1-10,000
Ba 10-10,000 Cu 1-10,000 Ni 1-10,000
Bi 2-10,000 Fe 0.01%-20% P 10-10,000
Ca 0.01%-15% Mg 0.01%-15% Pb 1-4,000
Ag 0.01-25 Co 0.1-250 Se 0.2-250 U 0.05-100
ME-MS43 (25g)
ME-MS44 (50g)
As 0.1-250 Hg 0.01-250 Sn 0.1-250 W 0.05-250
Bi 0.01-250 Mo 0.05-250 Te 0.01-250
Cd 0.01-250 Sb 0.05-250 Tl 0.02-250
ANALYTE RANGE (ppm)* DESCRIPTION CODE PRICE PER SAMPLE ($)
Concentrates
Au-CON01 82.50
Bullion
Au Fineness
0.1-1,000
Routine bullion assays by re assay with gravimetric nish.
Au-GRA24 126.00
Au Fineness
1-1,000
Au umpire assay in bullion samples by re assay with gravimetric nish.
Au-UMP20 198.00

*At your request, precious metals reporting units can be specied as ppb, ppm, g/t or oz/t (except for bullion assays).
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Cyanide Leach
Cyanide leach procedures are used in grassroots exploration where cyanide extraction from a very large sample can sometimes
detect small gold anomalies that otherwise would go unnoticed. In mine development and exploration, this procedure can be used
to establish the potential gold cyanide extraction efciency.
Metallurgical Samples
In mining applications and exploration, cyanide leach tests are used to establish the potential gold cyanide extraction efciency.
Alternatives include cold cyanide extraction, hot extraction and preg-robbing afnity. Preg-robbing of gold during cyanide leaching
occurs when the leached gold is adsorbed by certain components of the ore and not recovered.
Super Trace Level
Au 0.0001-10 BLEG Au-cyanide leach with ICP-MS nish.
1,000g nominal sample weight
Au-CN12* 35.70
Au 0.0001-10 BLEG Au-cyanide leach with extraction AA nish.
Au-AA12* 35.70
Trace Level
Au 0.001-10 BLEG Au-cyanide leach with ICP-MS nish.
Au-CN11* 23.85
Au 0.001-10 BLEG Au-cyanide leach with extraction AA nish.
Au-AA11* 23.85
Au 0.01-200 Au by cyanide leach with AAS nish.
Au-AA14* 29.75
Au 0.01-300 Au by accelerated cyanide leach using LeachWELL reagent
or AssayTabs with AAS nish.
500-2,000g nominal sample weight
Au-AA15 35.70
* Additional elements can be reported on methods Au-AA12 and Au-AA14 2.35/element
Au 0.03-50 Au by cyanide leach with AAS nish.
Au-AA13* 14.30
Au 0.03 -50 Au by hot cyanide leach (70C) with AAS nish, 30g nominal sample weight. Au-AA13h 24.05
Au 0.05-500 Au Preg Rob Leach with Spike.
Au Preg Rob Leach without Spike.
Au-AA31
Au-AA31a
21.40
10.70
* Additional elements Ag(0.003), Cu(0.1) can be reported on methods Au-AA13 and Au-AA13h 2.35/element

Note: Cyanide disposal fees apply in some countries.
Au 0.01-50 Au in cyanide liquor by extraction with AA nish. Au-AA16 21.40
Au 1-10,000 Au on carbon by ashing, aqua regia digestion and AAS. Duplicate analysis. Au-AA44 38.10
Note: A range of elements can be determined on the ashed carbon by ICP-AES/ICP-MS. Please enquire for full details.
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Silver
Platinum, Palladium & Other Precious Metals
Trace Level
Ag 0.2-100 Ag by aqua regia digestion and AAS. Ag-AA45 5.90
Ag 0.5-100 Ag by HF-HNO
3
-HClO
4
digestion, HCl leach and AAS. Ag-AA61 8.30
Note: See also multi-element methods that include Ag under Exploration Geochemistry (pages pages 15-18).
Ore Grade
Ag 1-1,500 Ag by aqua regia digestion, ICP-AES or AAS nish. Ag-OG46*
(Ag-AA46)
10.65
Ag 1-1,500 Ag by HF-HNO
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-HClO
4
digestion with HCl leach, ICP-AES or AAS nish. Ag-OG62*
(Ag-AA62)
13.05
Ag 5-10,000 Ag by re assay and gravimetric nish.
Ag-GRA21
Ag-GRA22
21.40
25.55
Au
Ag
0.05-1,000
5-10,000
Au and Ag by re assay and gravimetric nish.
ME-GRA21
ME-GRA22
26.20
30.35
Concentrates
Ag 0.7-995,000 Ag by re assay and gravimetric nish. Ag-CON01 82.50
Bullion
Ag Fineness
1-1,000
Routine bullion assays by re assay with gravimetric nish.
Ag-GRA24 126.00
Ag Fineness
1-1,000
Ag umpire assay in bullion samples by re assay with gravimetric nish.
Ag-UMP20 198.00

*Can be packaged with base metal analysis at a discounted price.
Trace Level
Pt
Pd
Au
0.005-10
0.001-10
0.001-10
Pt, Pd and Au by re assay and ICP-AES nish.
PGM-ICP23
PGM-ICP24
18.90
22.05
Pt
Pd
Au
0.0005-1
0.001-1
0.001-1
Pt, Pd and Au by re assay and ICP-MS nish.
PGM-MS23
PGM-MS24
19.30
22.25
Rh 0.001-1 Rh by re assay, gold collection and ICP-MS
Rh-MS25 21.20
Pt
Pd
Ir
Os
Rh
Ru
Au
0.02-10
0.02-10
0.001-10
0.01-10
0.005-10
0.05-10
0.001-10
Pt, Pd, Ir, Os, Rh, Ru and Au by re assay with nickel sulde collection and
neutron activation analysis.
Note: Au is not quantitative by this method.
PGM-NAA26 148.85
Ore Grade
Pt
Pd
Au
0.03-100
0.03-100
0.03-100
Pt, Pd and Au by re assay and ICP-AES (or ICP-MS) nish.
30g nominal sample weight PGM-ICP27 22.05

At your request, precious metals units can be reported as ppb, ppm, g/t or oz/t (except for bullion assays).
To achieve optimum PGE recovery for most sample matrices, ALS Minerals recommends a 30g charge weight.
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Exploration geochemistry utilizes trends and patterns in trace elements as
indicators of what may lie deep below the surface or at a great distance from
the current location. More and more often, todays explorers require lower
detection limits and a wider range of elements to identify prospective targets.
Method selection can be key to achieving exploration success. Sample type along with target commodity and path nder elements
determine the best choice. Stream sediments and soils typically require methods with the lowest possible detection limits for
pathnder elements. The ICP-MS methods are also being used on rocks and drill cores where the subtle patterns in the ultra-trace
elements require the best possible detection limits for delineation.
Some general information on path nder elements for various deposit types along with possible method selections are listed in the
following tables. The aim of the method suggestions is to recommend the most suitable sample decomposition procedure for the
group of pathnder elements. The information is by no means exhaustive and is provided only as a basic guideline.
General Ore Deposit Pathnders
DEPOSITS IN IGNEOUS HOST ROCKS PATHFINDER ELEMENTS METHODS
Ultramac plutonic Ag, As, Au, Bi, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pt, Pd, Ir PGM-MS23, ME-MS61m
Ultramac volcanics As, Au, Bi, Co, Cu, Ni, Pt, Pd, Ir, Sb, Se, Te, W PGM-MS23, ME-MS61m
Alkaline rocks F, Nb, P, REE, Ta, Ti, Zr F-ELE81, ME-MS81
Carbonitites F, Nb, P, Re, Ta, Ti F-ELE81, ME-MS61
Granites Ba, Hf, Li, Mo, Sn, Th, Ti, U, Zr ME-MS81
Pegmatites Be, Cs, Hf, Li, Nb, Rb, REE, Sc, Ta, Th, U, Zr ME-MS81
HYDROTHERMAL SULFIDE DEPOSITS PATHFINDER ELEMENTS METHODS
General Ag, As, Au, Ba, Bi, Cd, Co, Cu, Ga, Hg, In, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Sn, Te, Ti, W, Zn Au-ICP21, ME-MS41
Porphyry copper deposits Ag, As, Au, Cu, Hg, Mo, Pb, Re, Sb, Te, Zn Au-ICP21, ME-MS41
Complex sulde deposits Ag, As, Au, Ba, Bi, Cu, Hg, Mo, Pb, Sb, Se, Sn, Zn Au-ICP21, ME-MS41
Low temperature deposits As, Bi, Sb ME-MS41
Volcanic hosted massive sulde As, Au, Ba, Bi, Cd, Cu, Hg, In, Pb, Sb, Se, Sn, Te, Th, Zn Au-ICP21, ME-MS41
Precious metal deposits Ag, As, Au, Hg, Pb, Sb, Se, Te Au-ICP21, ME-MS41
Contact metamorphic/skarn deposits Cu, F, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Sn, W, Zn F-ELE81, ME-MS61
SEDIMENTARY DEPOSITS PATHFINDER ELEMENTS METHODS
Shale hosted Ag, As, Au, Bi, Cd, Co, Cu, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, V, U, Zn Au-ICP21, ME-MS61
Carbonate hosted Cd, Pb, Zn ME-ICP61
Phosphorites Ag, F, Mo, Ni, Pb, REE, U, V F-ELE81, ME-MS61r
Evaporites B, Br, Cs, I, Li, Rb, Sr Br-NAA, I-NAA, ME-MS41
Lateritic hosts Au, Co, Cr, Ni, V Au-ICP21, ME-MS61
Placers Au, Hg, Nb, PGE, Sn, Ta, Th, Ti, REE, Zr PGM-MS24, ME-MS81, Hg-CV41
Roll front uranium As, Cu, Mo, Pb, Se, U, V ME-MS41
Bauxite Al, Be, Ga, Nb, Ti ME-MS61
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ALS Minerals offers a wide range of multi-element and single-element methods that can satisfy the requirements of todays
exploration geochemists, both technically and economically. The analytical methods described in this section include different
sample decomposition procedures, such as aqua regia and multi-acid digestions, fusions and selective leaches. The instrumental
analytical techniques include inductively coupled plasma with atomic emission spectroscopy or mass spectroscopy, atomic
absorption, x-ray uorescence and infrared spectroscopy.
Ultra-Trace Level Methods Using ICP-MS & ICP-AES
Aqua Regia Digestion with Ultra Low Detection Limits for Soil and Sediment Analysis
The aqua regia digestion using a combination of ICP-AES and ICP-MS, with sophisticated software and careful analysis, provides a
low detection limit, multi-element package useful for exploration in areas requiring ultra-trace analytical sensitivity, such as soil
or sediment surveys. As the method uses a sample size of 0.5 grams, coarse and malleable minerals such as native gold and silver
are not representatively characterized by such a small sample. In these cases re assay or the super-trace aqua regia methods
described on pages 10 and 11 may be preferable.
Super trace 51 elements by aqua regia, ICP-MS and ICP-AES
Ag 0.002-100 Cs 0.05-500 Mo 0.01-10,000 Sr 0.2-10,000
ME-MS41L 25.75
Al 0.01%-25% Cu 0.01-10,000 Na 0.01%-10% Ta 0.01-500
As 0.02-10,000 Fe 0.01%-50% Nb 0.05-500 Te 0.01-500
Au 0.0002-25 Ga 0.05-10,000 Ni 0.1-10,000 Th 0.1-10,000
B 10-10,000 Ge 0.05-500 P 10-10,000 Ti 0.001%-10%
Ba 0.5-10,000 Hf 0.02-500 Pb 0.01-10,000 Tl 0.02-10,000
Be 0.05-1,000 Hg 0.005-10,000 Rb 0.1-10,000 U 0.05-10,000
Bi 0.01-10,000 In 0.005-500 Re 0.001-50 V 1-10,000
Ca 0.01%-25% K 0.01%-10% S 0.01%-10% W 0.01-10,000
Cd 0.01-1,000 La 0.2-10,000 Sb 0.005-10,000 Y 0.05-500
Ce 0.02-500 Li 0.1-10,000 Sc 0.1-10,000 Zn 0.1-10,000
Co 0.1-10,000 Mg 0.01%-25% Se 0.1-1,000 Zr 0.5-500
Cr 0.5-10,000 Mn 1-50,000 Sn 0.2-500
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Aqua Regia Digestion
Although some base metals may dissolve quantitatively, in the majority of geological matrices, data reported from an aqua regia
leach should be considered as representing only the leachable portion of the particular analyte. The recovery percentages for many
analytes from more resistive minerals can be very low, but the acid leachable portion can also be an excellent exploration tool.
In order to report the widest possible concentration range, this method uses both the ICP-MS and the ICP-AES techniques. Minimum
sample size is 1g.
Four Acid Near-Total Digestion
In most cases, this procedure quantitatively dissolves nearly all elements for the majority of geological materials. However, it may
sometimes be necessary to use even stronger dissolution techniques such as fusions in order to get fully quantitative results.
In order to report the widest possible concentration range, this method uses both the ICP-MS and ICP-AES techniques. Minimum
sample size is 1g.
A full suite of rare earth elements can be added to this package, keeping in mind that this data will represent the acid leachable
portion of the rare earth elements only. This is only available as an add-on to the ME-MS61 package, and can only be provided if
both the ME-MS61 and ME-MS61r are ordered at the same time.
51 elements by aqua regia, ICP-MS and ICP-AES
Ag 0.01-100 Cs 0.05-500 Mo 0.05-10,000 Sr 0.2-10,000
ME-MS41 22.35
Al 0.01-25% Cu 0.2-10,000 Na 0.01%-10% Ta 0.01-500
As 0.1-10,000 Fe 0.01%-50% Nb 0.05-500 Te 0.01-500
Au 0.2-25 Ga 0.05-10,000 Ni 0.2-10,000 Th 0.2-10,000
B 10-10,000 Ge 0.05-500 P 10-10,000 Ti 0.005%-10%
Ba 10-10,000 Hf 0.02-500 Pb 0.2-10,000 Tl 0.02-10,000
Be 0.05-1,000 Hg 0.01-10,000 Rb 0.1-10,000 U 0.05-10,000
Bi 0.01-10,000 In 0.005-500 Re 0.001-50 V 1-10,000
Ca 0.01%-25% K 0.01%-10% S 0.01%-10% W 0.05-10,000
Cd 0.01-1,000 La 0.2-10,000 Sb 0.05-10,000 Y 0.05-500
Ce 0.02-500 Li 0.1-10,000 Sc 0.1-10,000 Zn 2-10,000
Co 0.1-10,000 Mg 0.01%-25% Se 0.2-1,000 Zr 0.5-500
Cr 1-10,000 Mn 5-50,000 Sn 0.2-500
48 elements by four-acid, ICP-MS and ICP-AES
Ag 0.01-100 Cs 0.05-500 Na 0.01%-10% Sr 0.2-10,000
ME-MS61
ME-MS61m
26.80
36.35
Al 0.01%-50% Fe 0.01%-50% Nb 0.1-500 Ta 0.05-100
As 0.2-10,000 Ga 0.05-10,000 Ni 0.2-10,000 Te 0.05-500
Ba 10-10,000 Ge 0.05-500 P 10-10,000 Th 0.2-10,000
Be 0.05-1,000 Hf 0.1-500 Pb 0.5-10,000 Ti 0.005%-10%
Bi 0.01-10,000 In 0.005-500 Rb 0.1-10,000 Tl 0.02-10,000
Ca 0.01%-50% K 0.01%-10% Re 0.002-50 U 0.1-10,000
Cd 0.02-1,000 La 0.5-10,000 S 0.01%-10% V 1-10,000
Ce 0.01-500 Li 0.2-10,000 Sb 0.05-10,000 W 0.1-10,000
Co 0.1-10,000 Mg 0.01%-50% Sc 0.1-10,000 Y 0.1-500
Cr 1-10,000 Mn 5-100,000 Se 1-1,000 Zn 2-10,000
Cu 0.2-10,000 Mo 0.05-10,000 Sn 0.2-500 Zr 0.5-500
Note: To include Hg by a separate procedure in the suite of elements above, please request ME-MS61m instead of ME-MS61.
Dy 0.05-1,000 Gd 0.05-1,000 Nd 0.1-10,000 Tb 0.01-1,000
ME-MS61r 3.55 (add on price) Er 0.03-1,000 Ho 0.01-1,000 Pr 0.03-1,000 Tm 0.01-1,000
Eu 0.03-1,000 Lu 0.01-1,000 SM 0.03-1,000 Yb 0.03-1,000
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Trace Level Methods Using Conventional ICP-AES Analysis
An economical tool for rst pass exploration geochemistry. Again, although some base metals may dissolve quantitatively in the
majority of geological matrices, data reported from an aqua regia leach should be considered as representing only the leachable
portion of the particular analyte. Minimum sample size is 1g.
Four acid digestions are able to dissolve most minerals and although the term near-total is used, not all elements are quantitatively
extracted in some sample matrices. Minimum sample size is 1g.
35 elements by aqua regia-ICP-AES
Ag 0.2-100 Co 1-10,000 Mn 5-50,000 Sr 1-10,000
ME-ICP41
ME-ICP41m
16.65
Al 0.01%-25% Cr 1-10,000 Mo 1-10,000 Th 20-10,000
As 2-10,000 Cu 1-10,000 Na 0.01%-10% Ti 0.01%-10%
B 10-10,000 Fe 0.01%-50% Ni 1-10,000 Tl 10-10,000
Ba 10-10,000 Ga 10-10,000 P 10-10,000 U 10-10,000
Be 0.5-1,000 Hg 1-10,000 Pb 2-10,000 V 1-10,000
Bi 2-10,000 K 0.01%-10% S 0.01%-10% W 10-10,000
Ca 0.01%-25% La 10-10,000 Sb 2-10,000 Zn 2-10,000
Cd 0.5-1,000 Mg 0.01%-25% Sc 1-10,000
Note: To include Hg to a lower detection limit of 0.01ppm in the suite of elements above, please request method ME-ICP41m instead of ME-ICP41.
33 elements by four-acid ICP-AES
Ag 0.5-100 Cr 1-10,000 Na 0.01%-10% Ti 0.01%-10%
ME-ICP61
ME-ICP61m
23.85
Al 0.01%-50% Cu 1-10,000 Ni 1-10,000 Tl 10-10,000
As 5-10,000 Fe 0.01%-50% P 10-10,000 U 10-10,000
Ba 10-10,000 Ga 10-10,000 Pb 2-10,000 V 1-10,000
Be 0.5-1,000 K 0.01%-10% S 0.01%-10% W 10-10,000
Bi 2-10,000 La 10-10,000 Sb 5-10,000 Zn 2-10,000
Ca 0.01%-50% Mg 0.01%-50% Sc 1-10,000
Cd 0.5-1,000 Mn 5-100,000 Sr 1-10,000
Co 1-10,000 Mo 1-10,000 Th 20-10,000
Note: To include Hg in the suite of elements above, please request method ME-ICP61m instead of ME-ICP61.
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Low Grade Mineralized Materials
These packages can be used as an economical alternative to analyzing low grade ore samples, or rock samples with some
mineralization. The method precision is intermediate between geochemical and an assay procedure.
The aqua regia digestion package is limited to determining the acid leachable portion of elements. Minimum sample size is 1g.
The four acid digestion package is suitable for low grade mineralized materials and provides improved accuracy and precision levels
over geochemical method ME-ICP61. Minimum sample size is 1g.
Intermediate Geochemistry, 34 elements by aqua regia, ICP-AES
Ag 1-200 Cr 5-50,000 Mo 5-50,000 Th 100-50,000
ME-ICP41a
Al 0.05%-50% Cu 5-50,000 Na 0.05%-50% Ti 0.05%-50%
As 10-100,000 Fe 0.05%-50% Ni 5-50,000 Tl 50-50,000
Ba 50-50,000 Ga 50-50,000 P 50-50,000 U 50-50,000
Be 5-500 Hg 5-50,000 Pb 10-50,000 V 5-50,000
Bi 10-50,000 K 0.05%-50% S 0.05%-10% W 50-50,000
Ca 0.05%-50% La 50-50,000 Sb 10-50,000 Zn 10-50,000
Cd 5-2,500 Mg 0.05%-50% Sc 5-50,000
Co 5-50,000 Mn 25-50,000 Sr 5-50,000
Intermediate Geochemistry, 33 elements by four-acid, ICP-AES
Ag 1-200 Cr 10-100,000 Na 0.05%-30% Ti 0.05%-30%
ME-ICP61a 20.25 complete package or
Al 0.05%-30% Cu 10-100,000 Ni 10-100,000 Tl 50-50,000
As 50-100,000 Fe 0.05%-50% P 50-100,000 U 50-50,000
Ba 50-50,000 Ga 50-50,000 Pb 20-100,000 V 10-100,000
Be 10-10,000 K 0.1%-30% S 0.05%-10% W 50-50,000
Bi 20-50,000 La 50-50,000 Sb 50-50,000 Zn 20-100,000
Ca 0.05%-50% Mg 0.05%-50% Sc 10-50,000
Cd 10-10,000 Mn 10-100,000 Sr 10-100,000
Co 10-50,000 Mo 10-50,000 Th 50-50,000
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Single Element Methods
These methods are effective options when analytical results for one or only a few elements are required. You can create your own
package of elements specic to your exploration program.
Aqua regia digestion is a cost effective method for determining the acid leachable portion of elements. Sample minimum size is 1g.
In most cases, this digestion dissolves nearly all elements for the majority of geological materials. Resistive minerals may require
fusion or XRF determination for fully quantitative results.
Elemental Analysis by Pressed Pellet XRF
Pressed pellet XRF is a suitable method for determining several elements that are not easily solubilized by acid digestion techniques.
A nely ground sample powder (20g minimum) is mixed with a few drops of liquid binder, compressed in a pellet press then
analyzed by XRF spectrometry.
Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS)
Ag 0.2-100 Co 1-10,000 Mo 1-10,000 Pb 1-10,000
(+)-AA45 3.55 plus 2.35/element
As 5-10,000 Cu 1-10,000 Ni 1-10,000 Zn 1-10,000
ICP Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES)
Elements and detection limits listed on page 14. (+)-ICP41 7.75 plus 0.65/element
ICP Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS)
Ag 0.01-25 Hg 0.005-25 Se 0.2-250 U 0.05-250
(+)-MS42 11.90 plus 1.20/element As 0.1-250 Mo 0.05-250 Te 0.01-250
Bi 0.01-250 Sb 0.05-250 Tl 0.02-250

+ Add element symbol as prex to method code.
Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS)
Ag 0.5-100 Co 5-10,000 Mo 2-10,000 Pb 5-10,000
As 10-10,000 Cu 2-10,000 Ni 5-10,000 Zn 5-10,000
ICP Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES)
Elements and detection limits listed on page 14. (+)-ICP61 9.85 plus 0.65/element
ICP Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS)
Ag 0.02-100 Ga 0.05-500 Se 0.5-500 Tl 0.02-500
(+)-MS62 14.30 plus 1.20/element
As 0.2-500 Mo 0.05-500 Sn 0.2-500 U 0.1-500
Bi 0.01-500 Re 0.002-50 Te 0.05-500 W 0.1-500
Cd 0.02-500 Sb 0.05-500 Th 0.2-500

As 5-5,000 Mo 4-10,000 Sn 5-10,000 U 4-10,000
(+)-XRF05 9.55 plus 2.35/element
Ba 10-10,000 Nb 2-10,000 Sr 2-10,000 W 10-10,000
Bi 4-10,000 Rb 2-10,000 Ta 10-10,000 Y 2-10,000
Cr 5-10,000 Sb 4-10,000 Th 4-10,000 Zr 2-10,000
Ga 4-10,000 Se 2-10,000 Ti 5-10,000

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Individual Methods Miscellaneous Methods
Unless otherwise noted, these procedures require 1 g of sample pulp.
Carbon & Sulfur
ANALYTE RANGE (%) DESCRIPTION CODE PRICE PER SAMPLE ($)
C (Total) 0.01%-50% Total carbon by combustion furnace. C-IR07 14.30
C (Non-Carbonate) 0.01%-100% Dilute acid digestion followed by combustion
furnace.
C-IR06 19.05
C (Carbonate) 0.2%-15% Inorganic carbon by coulometer. C-GAS05 20.20
C (Total)
S (Total)
0.01%-50%
0.01%-50%
Total Carbon and total Sulfur by combustion
furnace.
ME-IR08 19.95
S (Total) 0.01%-50% Total sulfur by combustion furnace. S-IR08 14.30
S (Sulfate)* 0.01%-40% Sulfate sulfur by carbonate leach and
gravimetric analysis.
S-GRA06 29.75
S (Sulde)* 0.01%-50% Sulde sulfur by sodium carbonate dissolution
of sulfates,combustion furnace and infrared
spectroscopy.
S-IR07 29.75
* Sulfur may be understated if BaSO
4
or SrSO
4
present.
Other
FeO 0.01%-100% Ferrous iron by H
2
SO
4
-HF acid digestion and
titrimetric nish.
Fe-VOL05 21.20
Hg 0.01-100 Aqua regia digestion/cold vapour, AAS. Hg-CV41 9.50
Hg 0.1-10% Aqua regia digestion/cold vapour, AAS. Hg-CV42 18.80
pH - Soil pH (1:1 ratio). 5g minimum. OA-ELE05 11.90
Conductivity 1-100,000 s/cm Conductivity of soil extract. 5g minimum. OA-ELE04 11.90
H
2
O- (Moisture) 0.01%-100% Gravimetric procedure after drying at 105C. OA-GRA10 14.30
H
2
O+ (Water of Crystallization) 0.01%-100% Combustion furnace followed by infrared
spectroscopy.
OA-IR06 14.30
LOI 0.01%-100% LOI at 1000C. OA-GRA05 10.50

Halides
Br** 0.5-10,000 Neutron activation. Br-NAA05 35.70
Cl 100-10,000 Neutron activation. Cl-NAA06 35.70
Cl 10-40,000 Fusion - XRF. Cl-XRF11 27.60
Cl 50-10,000 Fusion Ion Chromatograpy. Cl-IC881 18.60
Cl 0.01%-80% Acid digestion, titrimetric nish. Cl-VOL66 35.70
F 20-20,000 Fusion - S.I.E. F-ELE81a 17.85
F 0.01%-100% Fusion - S.I.E. F-ELE82 26.45
F 20 -10,000 Fusion Ion Chromatograpy. F-IC881 18.60
I** 0.5-10,000 Neutron activation. I-NAA07 35.70

** A surcharge may apply for batches of less than 20 samples.
When F and Cl are determined together by Ion Chromatography the price per sample is $25.00.
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Selective Leach Geochemistry
Mineral exploration has moved into mature terrains with the best potential often beneath deep overburden. Subtle anomalies can
be detected using conventional analytical methods; however, these types of strong acid digestions are less selective and the bulk
chemistry of the overburden may mask the presence of trace elements. There are a variety of partial leaches which are effective in
selectively dissolving specic components of the sample, enhancing a geochemical response to buried mineralization.
Ionic Leach
Ionic Leach enables the detection of buried mineralization using a surface regolith or soil, through the dissolution and subsequent
measurement of weakly bound ions loosely attached to surface particles. The ability of this innovative leach to give close to true
background detection limits makes it effective in providing geochemical contrast and targeting buried mineralization. This sodium
cyanide leach is buffered to pH 8.5 using the chelating agents ammonium chloride, citric acid and EDTA. The method requires 50
grams of sample.
Other Selective Leaches
In addition to Ionic Leach, ALS Minerals offers a wide variety of other partial leaches to enable its clients to select the leach which
is most applicable to the geochemical environment being sampled.
Leaches using other concentrations, other reagents, leach times and conditions as specied to meet particular project requirements
are available on request.
Add-on elements by ICP-AES (using ME-MS23/ME-MS22 leach liquor)
Al 1-10000 Ni 0.05-1000 Si 0.5-1000
ME-ICP23 15.75 plus 1.00/element Ba 0.05-500 P 0.1-1000 Sr 0.05-500
Cu 0.05-2000 S 0.1-20000 Ti 0.5-5000

DESCRIPTION CODE PRICE PER SAMPLE ($)
Ammonium Acetate ME-MS04
41.70
Cold hydroxylamine hydrochloride leach ME-MS05
Hot hydroxylamine hydrochloride leach ME-MS06
Sodium pyrophosphate leach ME-MS07

Selective, pH controlled leach with ICP-MS analysis and nal pH measurement
ANALYTES (ppm) DESCRIPTION CODE PRICE PER SAMPLE ($)
Ag 0.0001 Cu 0.001 La 0.0001 Rb 0.0001 Tl 0.0005
pH controlled
ionic leach with
analysis by ICP-MS
including nal pH
ME-MS23 37.65 complete package
As 0.002 Dy 0.0001 Li 0.0002 Re 0.0001 Tm 0.0001
Au 0.00002 Er 0.0001 Lu 0.0001 Sb 0.0005 U 0.0001
Ba 0.01 Eu 0.0001 Mg 0.01 Sc 0.001 W 0.001
Be 0.0002 Fe 0.1 Mn 0.01 Se 0.002 Y 0.0001
Bi 0.003 Ga 0.0005 Mo 0.0005 Sm 0.0001 Yb 0.0001
Br 0.05 Gd 0.0001 Nb 0.0001 Sn 0.0002 Zn 0.01
Ca 0.2 Ge 0.0001 Nd 0.0001 Sr 0.001 Zr 0.0001
ME-MS22
21.35 plus 0.80/element ,
2.30 pH after leach
Cd 0.001 Hf 0.0005 Ni 0.001 Ta 0.001
Ce 0.0001 Hg 0.0001 Pb 0.001 Tb 0.0001
Co 0.0003 Ho 0.0001 Pd 0.0001 Te 0.001
Cr 0.001 I 0.01 Pr 0.0001 Th 0.00002
Cs 0.0001 In 0.0001 Pt 0.0001 Ti 0.005
Pb 206 0.001 Pb 207 0.001 Pb208 0.001

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Sample media such as waters and vegetation have been shown to provide
valuable information for exploration programs. Trace elements in these
samples types are often at extremely low levels. Effective analytical
procedures require the utmost care in sample preparation and analysis to
ensure suitable quality data.
Biogeochemistry Procedures
Results are reported on vegetation samples following a nitric/hydrochloric acid digestion on 1g of sample. Due to permit requirements,
vegetation samples are not available for return to the client.
Hydrogeochemistry
Geochemical analysis of natural waters is available using High Resolution-ICP-MS to achieve ppt ranges for most trace elements.
Sample supply packets are available for pickup which include labelled sample bottle pairs (natural sample, eld acidied sample),
high purity nitric acid, and disposable 45 um lters with syringes for eld ltration. Results are reported for anions, F-Cl-Br, and
either standard or High ResolutionICP-MS. Please note that brines or high salt samples can only be analyzed only by ME- ICP-AES.
Ag 0.002-100 Cr 0.1-10,000 Na 0.001%-10% Sr 0.2-10,000
ME-VEG41
23.35 Sold only as a
complete package
Al 0.01%-25% Cu 0.01-10,000 Ni 0.1-10,000 Te 0.02-500
As 0.1-10,000 Fe 0.01%-50% P 0.001%-5% Th 0.01-10,000
Au 0.0002-100 Ga 0.05-10,000 Pb 0.01-10,000 Ti 0.001%-10%
B 10-10,000 Hg 0.001-100 Pd 0.002-100 Tl 0.02-10,000
Ba 0.1-10,000 K 0.01%-10% Pt 0.001-100 U 0.01-10,000
Bi 0.01-10,000 La 0.01-10,000 S 0.01%-10% V 1-10,000
Ca 0.01%-40% Mg 0.001%-30% Sb 0.02-10,000 W 0.05-10,000
Cd 0.01-2,000 Mn 1-50,000 Sc 0.1-10,000 Zn 0.1-10,000
Co 0.01-10,000 Mo 0.01-10,000 Se 0.1-1,000
High Resolution ICP-MS for Natural Waters
ANALYTES & DETECTION LIMITS (ug/L) CODE PRICE PER SAMPLE ($)
Ag 0.005 Cu 0.5 Pb 0.05 U 0.002
ME-MS14HR 150.00
Al 3 Fe 30 Rb 0.02 V 0.05
As 0.05 Ga 0.05 Rh 0.005 W 0.01
B 5 Hg 0.01 Sb 0.01 Y 0.005
Ba 0.1 K 2000 Se 0.2 Zn 3
Be 0.005 Li 0.2 Si 50 Zr 0.05
Bi 0.05 Mg 100 Sn 0.2
Ca 50 Mn 0.2 Sr 0.05
Cd 0.005 Mo 0.05 Te 0.01
Co 0.05 Na 2000 Th 0.005
Cr 0.5 Ni 0.2 Ti 0.2
Cs 0.005 P 300 Tl 0.002
Other Procedures for Waters
Standard ICP-MS ME-MS14 47.60
F-Cl-Br (F-Cl-Br) IC881 54.00
pH, Conducitivity, Sulphate, Alkalinity WAN-PKG 54.00
Pb, Zn Isotopes in Water PbZn-ISPw 300.00

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Element isotope concentrations may be used to determine age or mineral
provenance. Increasingly, documentation shows unique isotopic signatures
related to specic styles of mineralization and alteration.
Isotopes
Improved technology continues to increase the number of elements for which isotopic abundances may be measured. Age
determinations may be made using geochronological methods including Re/Os, Pb/Pb, U/Pb, and Nd/Sm isotope ratios.
Light Stable Isotopes: Fluid Source
ANALYTES DESCRIPTION PRICE PER SAMPLE ($)
Carbon/Oxygen
on Carbonate
Minerals
Newly developed method offered in partnership with the Mineral Deposit Research Unit (MDRU)
at University of British Columbia. CO
2
isotopic composition is determined specically on carbonate
minerals using cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy. Determination of ratios
13
C and
18
O.
Not available for high sulde samples.
48.00
Hydrogen/Oxygen Determination of Hydrogen and Oxygen isotopes on clay and silicate minerals using a complex
gas collection procedure and determination by IRMS.
600.00
Sulfur Sulfur has 4 stable isotopes of which
34
S is < 5% of natural abundance. It has been shown
that
34
S in sulfate related to evaporate deposits and in ocean water are signicantly heavier
than the lighter
34
S which occurs in sulde minerals related to mineralizing systems, and that
mineralizing provenance may also be distinguished.
200.00
Age Determinations
Re/Os Re/Os isotope ratios are offered on molybdenite samples. Age can only be determined for
rocks of > 0.5 ma, and molybdenite samples must contain > 10ppm Re. Price includes mineral
separation and preparation of molybdenite from rock samples, with TIMS analysis. Sample should
not be crushed due to steel contamination.
2400.00
Pb/Pb Date Offered for dating of galena based on calculation of
206
Pb,
204
Pb,
207
Pb. Samples must contain
galena, with analysis on pulverized rock sample, digestion to MC-ICPMS. May require Hg
separation.
190.00
U/Pb When uranium bearing minerals are available, the dating using
235
U,
238
U,
206
Pb,
204
Pb,
207
Pb on
pulverized rock samples uses a digestion and HR-ICP-MS, with Hg separation if required.
375.00
Sm/Nd Nd/Sm ages can be determined on pulverized rock samples when specic minerals are not
available. Digestion MC-ICPMS.
750.00
Stable Isotopes: Mineral Provenance
Cu Copper has 2 stable isotopes:
63
Cu and
65
Cu, and two oxidation states, Cu
+
and Cu
2+
. Copper occurs
in a wide variety of sulphide and oxide minerals with strikingly different chemical complexes,
which provide for a large isotope fractionation potential. Isotopic differences may be based on
redox conditions and biological cycling. In ore deposits Cu isotopes have been shown to have
distinctive isotopic signatures as related to variations in the redox process.
375.00
Fe Iron Isotopes (
54
Fe,
56
Fe,
57
Fe,
58
Fe) are useful for distinguishing source rock provenance and
distinct mineralizing systems. Isotopic differentiation is related to redox conditions, temperature,
biologic activity and igneous fractionation. Applications include evaluation of Iron Ore and
Sulphide Deposit isotope signatures.
375.00
Mo The 7 stable isotopes of Molybdenum reect provenance and redox conditions. Oceanic sources
are distinctly different from those related to oxide and igneous sources.
375.00
Pb Isotopic signatures in galena have been documented for a wide variety of ore deposits and
shown to reect provenance and style of mineralization.
375.00
Zn Zn has 5 isotopes of which
66
Zn may be an indication of spahlerite deposit formation. 375.00
MDRU
UBC
Mineral Deposit Research Unit
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Exploration now requires methods that cover a range of concentrations from the lowest detectable levels up to percentage
level concentrations.
Rare Earth Element and Trace Elements Using ICP-MS
A lithium borate fusion of the sample prior to acid dissolution and ICP-MS analysis provides the most quantitative analysis for a broad
suite of elements. This technique solubilizes most mineral species, including those that are highly refractory. Options for adding the
whole rock elements from an ICP-AES analysis of the fusion or base metals from a separate four acid digestion are available.
Mineralized Rare Earth Samples Using ICP-MS
A lithium borate fusion is used prior to acid dissolution. High sample to volume ratios are utilized in addition to Class A volumetric
glassware. Certied high grade rare earth reference materials are used as part of the standard protocol.
Ore Grade Rare Earth Determinations by ICP-AES
High grades of REEs are being encountered in many projects. There is a requirement for better precision and accuracy at these levels
than is generally achievable by multiple dilutions and ICP-MS nish. After a lithium borate fusion and acid dissolution, the sample
is taken to volume and analyzed by ICP-AES. Protocols for assay determination are used to ensure suitable precision.
Exploration for deposits of rare earth elements (REEs) is booming. Due to the
REEs unique ability to retain their physical properties at high temperatures,
they are critical components of materials used in electronics, hybrid batteries,
wind turbines and other key industries. Demand for these products will only
increase the demand for REEs.
ANALYTES (ppm) CODE PRICE PER SAMPLE ($)
Ba 0.5-10,000 Hf 0.2-10,000 Sn 1-10,000 W 1-10,000
ME-MS81
complete package
Ce 0.5-10,000 Ho 0.01-1,000 Sr 0.1-10,000 Y 0.5-10,000
Cr 10-10,000 La 0.5-10,000 Ta 0.1-2,500 Yb 0.03-1,000
Cs 0.01-10,000 Lu 0.01-1,000 Tb 0.01-1,000 Zr 20-10,000
Dy 0.05-1,000 Nb 0.2-2,500 Th 0.05-1,000
Er 0.03-1,000 Nd 0.1-10,000 Tl 0.5-1,000
Eu 0.03-1,000 Pr 0.03-1,000 Tm 0.01-1,000
Ga 0.1-1,000 Rb 0.2-10,000 U 0.05-1,000
Gd 0.05-1,000 Sm 0.03-1,000 V 5-10,000
Combination of Rare Earth & Trace Elements from method ME-MS81 plus whole rock package
by method ME-ICP06.
ME-MS81d
complete package
Ag 0.5-100 Co 1-10,000 Ni 1-10,000 Zn 2-10,000
ME-4ACD81 7.15 As 5-10,000 Cu 1-10,000 Pb 2-10,000
Cd 0.5-1,000 Mo 1-10,000 Sc 2-10,000

ANALYTES (ppm) CODE PRICE PER SAMPLE ($)
Ce 3-50000 Nb 1-5000 Rb 1-50000 Tm 1-5000
ME-MS81h 47.25
Dy 2-5000 Nd 1-50000 Sm 1-5000 U 1-5000
Er 1-5000 Pr 1-5000 Sn 5-50000 W 5-50000
Eu 1-5000 Ho 1-5000 Ta 1-5000 Y 3-50000
Gd 2-5000 La 3-50000 Tb 1-5000 Yb 1-5000
Hf 1-50000 Lu 1-5000 Th 1-5000 Zr 10-20000

ANALYTES (%) CODE PRICE PER SAMPLE ($)
Ce 0.01-30 Gd 0.01-30 Nd 0.01-30 Sm 0.01-30
(+)-OGREE 15.75 plus 7.35/element
Dy 0.01-30 La 0.01-30 Pr 0.01-30 Tb 0.01-30

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Analyses related to lithogeochemistry, alteration minerals and trace element
mobility are important tools in understanding geological environments.
The selections of analytical packages on this page are designed to offer
comprehensive information for these studies.
The nature of lithophile elements and the matrices in which they occur require stronger dissolution procedures to separate them
from the bulk matter. The most accurate results will therefore be obtained using fusion as the dissolution procedure or through direct
analysis. X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) is the preferred technique; however, ICP-AES can also be effectively used following a fusion.
Lithogeochemistry Analysis Using XRF or ICP-AES
Lithium Borate Fusion
Major element analysis can be performed by either XRF or ICP-AES. A minimum of 2g sample pulp is required. If LOI is not required,
a minimum sample quantity of 0.5g is sufcient for ME-ICP06.
Complete Characterization Package
By combining a number of methods into one cost effective package, a complete sample characterization can be obtained. This
package uses the whole rock package ME-ICP06 plus carbon and sulfur by combustion furnace (ME-IR08) to quantify the major
elements in the sample. Trace elements including the full rare earth element suites are reported from three digestions with either
ICP-AES or ICP-MS nish: a lithium metaborate fusion for the resistive elements (ME-MS81), a four acid digestion for the base metals
(ME-4ACD81) and an aqua regia digestion for the volatile gold related trace elements (ME-MS42). A minimum sample quantity of
10 g is needed.
ANALYTES DESCRIPTION CODE PRICE PER SAMPLE ($)
Major Elements: Si, Al, Fe, Ca, Mg, Na, K, Ti, Mn, P, LOI Lithium metaborate fusion,
ICP-AES
CCP-PKG01
complete package
C, S Combustion furnace
Base Metals: Ag, Cu, Cd, Cu, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sc, Zn Four Acid, ICP-AES
Trace Elements and REEs: Ba, Ce, Cr, Cs, Dy, Er, Eu, Ga, Gd, Hf, Ho, La, Lu, Nb, Nd,
Pr, Rb, Sm, Sn, Sr, Ta, Tb, Th, Tl, Tm, U, V, W, Y, Yb, Zr
Lithium borate fusion, ICP-MS
Volatiles: As, Bi, Hg, Sb, Se, Te Aqua regia, ICP-MS
ANALYTES (%) CODE PRICE PER SAMPLE ($)
SiO
2
0.01-100 MgO 0.01-100 TiO
2
0.01-100 BaO 0.01-100
ME-XRF06
or ME-XRF26
ME-ICP06
29.75
Al
2
O
3
0.01-100 Na
2
O 0.01-100 MnO 0.01-100 LOI 0.01-100
Fe
2
O
3
0.01-100 K
2
O 0.01-100 P
2
O
5
0.01-100
CaO 0.01-100 Cr
2
O
3
0.01-100 SrO 0.01-100

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The procedures listed below are designed to provide optimum results for each
ore type or product. This includes the specic digestion procedure, calibration
protocols and the use of appropriate Certied Reference Materials for each
sample type. For large projects or regular submissions of certain products,
where a broader element suite or lower detection limits are required, ALS will
consider customising methods to suit individual needs.
Evaluation of Ores & High Grade Materials
Ores and high grade materials come from a wide range of geological matrices and varying target elements. No single dissolution
method or analytical material is suitable for all cases. The mineralogy of the sample as well as the elements to be determined
should be considered when selecting an assay procedure.
ALS Minerals provides a range of procedures so the preferred method can be selected. Choices cover aqua regia and four acid
digestions with either ICP-AES or AAS nish. Base metal sulde assays can be done following a strong oxidizing digestion, a
peroxide fusion or by XRF. Copper, Nickel and commodities such as Iron Ore and Bauxite can require unique methods. On the
following pages details on the various procedures used in assessing these specic deposit types and commodities are covered. XRF
determination is available for Sn, W and other resistive elements and minerals that are difcult to decompose or retain in stable
solutions at high concentrations.
Many other procedures are available. Please contact ALS Minerals staff for information.
Acid Digestions
Acid digestion remains one of the most cost effective ways of determining high grade concentrations. Aqua regia digestion is a
powerful solvent for suldes, which dissolves Ag and base metals but more resistive elements are not completely dissolved.
ALS Minerals prides itself on offering a wide range of assay methods.
Procedures for the evaluation of ores and high grade materials are optimized
for accuracy, precision and recovery of the target element.
Four Acid Digestion, using HF, is a very strong digestion method which almost completely breaks down silicates which are volatized
as SiF4. The digestion will decompose all but the most resistive minerals.
Aqua Regia Digestion with ICP-AES or AAS Finish
ANALYTES & RANGES (%) CODE PRICE PER SAMPLE ($)
Ag 1-1,500ppm Co 0.001-20 Mn 0.01-50 Pb 0.001-20
(+)-OG46 8.30 plus 2.35/element As 0.01-60 Cu 0.001-40 Mo 0.001-10 S 0.01-10
Cd 0.0005-10 Fe 0.01-100 Ni 0.001-10 Zn 0.001-30
Ag 1-1,500 ppm Bi 0.001-30 Fe 0.01-100 Pb 0.001-30
As 0.01-30 Cu 0.001-50 Mo 0.001-10 Zn 0.001-50

Four Acid Digestion with ICP-AES or AAS Finish
Ag 1-1,500ppm Co 0.001-20 Mg 0.01-50 Pb 0.001-20
(+)-OG62 10.70 plus 2.35/element
As 0.001-30 Cr 0.002-30 Mn 0.01-50 S 0.01-10
Bi 0.001-30 Cu 0.001-40 Mo 0.001-10 Zn 0.001-30
Cd 0.0005-10 Fe 0.01-100 Ni 0.001-30
Ag 1-1,500 ppm Cu 0.001-50 Mo 0.001-10 Pb 0.001-30
Co 0.001-30 Fe 0.01-100 Ni 0.001-50 Zn 0.001-30

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Fusions
Sodium peroxide fusions are effective for the decomposition of suldes, arsenides and many refractory minerals such as chromite,
rutile, ilmenite and titanite. It is the method of choice for nickel sulde deposits.
Base Metals in Massive Suldes
Assay determinations in massive suldes present some specic challenges. ALS Minerals is able to offer a number of approaches
including a strong oxidizing digestion, a peroxide fusion and an XRF package.
This procedure is equivalent to the ICPORE method previously offered by OMAC Laboratories. The sample is subjected to a highly oxidizing
attack with HNO
3
, KCLO
4
and HBr and the nal solution in dilute aqua regia is determined by ICP-AES. Precision of the method +/-5%.
Base Metal Sulde Ores by Fusion XRF
High sulde samples can be analyzed by XRF following an oxidizing fusion. The following method is suitable for a wide range of
elements in sulde ores.
Sodium Peroxide Fusion with ICP-AES Finish
Al 0.01-50 Cr 0.01-30 Mg 0.01-30 S 0.01-60
(+)-ICP81
As 0.01-10 Cu 0.005-30 Mn 0.01-50 Si 0.1-50
Ca 0.05-50 Fe 0.05-70 Ni 0.005-30 Ti 0.01-30
Co 0.002-30 K 0.1-30 Pb 0.01-30 Zn 0.01-30

Oxidizing Digestion with ICP-AES Finish
Ag 5-1000 ppm Co 0.001-5 Mn 0.005-20 Sb 0.05-50
ME-ICPORE
18.15 complete package,
5 elements 15.80
As 0.005-10 Cu 0.005-30 Mo 0.001-5 Tl 0.005-1
Bi 0.005-1 Fe 0.01-50 Ni 0.001-5 Zn 0.01-50
Ca 0.01-40 Hg 0.002-1 P 0.01-10
Cd 0.001-5 Mg 0.01-25 S 0.05-50
Oxidizing Fusion with XRF Finish
Al
2
O
3
0.01-100 K
2
O 0.01-6.3 Sb 0.005-20
ME-XRF15b 31.50 plus 3.30/element
As 0.01-10 La
2
O
3
0.01-50 SiO
2
0.01-100
Ba 0.01-50 MgO 0.01-40 Sn 0.005-20
Bi 0.008-5 Mn 0.01-30 Sr 0.005-5
CaO 0.01-40 Mo 0.01-2 TiO
2
0.01-30
CeO
2
0.01-50 Nb 0.001-14 V 0.01-5.6
Co 0.01-7 Ni 0.001-20 W 0.001-79
Cr 0.01-10 P 0.01-10 Y
2
O
3
0.005-10.5
Cu 0.001-20 Pb 0.005-16 Zn 0.001-20
Fe 0.01-75 Rb 0.005-5 Zr 0.01-20
HfO
2
0.01-10 S 0.01-20

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Evaluation of copper prospects may involve the need to know more about
copper mineralogy and mineral solubility for metallurgical considerations.
The separation of oxide/carbonate, secondary chalcocite and primary sulde
minerals compared to the total copper is useful in determining leachability of
copper in a deposit. This information can be obtained by sequential leaching
of the sample and may be augmented by direct mineralogical determination
using MLA applied mineralogy.
Copper Procedures
Copper oxide minerals such as malachite, azurite, chrysocolla and portions of cuprite and tenorite can be leached using sulfuric acid,
referred to as acid soluble copper. Cyanide leach will dissolve the secondary chalcocite, bornite and a portion of the chalcopyrite
content of the sample, while the majority of the sulde minerals will remain in the residue analyzed at the end of a sequential
leach. The mineral dissolution in each leach may vary depending on the sample matrix and specic mineralogy.
ALS Minerals provides custom methods using different leach conditions upon request.
ANALYTE CODE PRICE PER SAMPLE ($)
Trace Cu Methods
Trace Cu method, aqua regia digestion and ICP or AAS nish, 1-10,000 ppm. Cu-AA45 5.90
Trace Cu method, four acid near total digestion and ICP or AAS nish, 1-10,000 ppm. Cu-AA61 8.30
Assay Cu Methods
Assay Cu method, aqua regia digestion and ICP or AAS nish, 0.01-50% Cu-AA46
Cu-OG46
10.70
10.65
Assay Cu method, four acid near-total digestion and ICP or AAS nish, 0.01-50% Cu-AA62
Cu-OG62
13.10
13.05
Concentrate Cu Method
HNO
3
-HCl-H
2
SO
4
acid digestion followed by potentiometric titration, done in duplicate, 0.01-100%. Cu-CON02 71.45
HNO
3
-HCl-HF-H
2
SO
4
acid digestion followed by volumetric nish, done in duplicate, 0.01-100% Cu-VOL61 41.70
Mineral Selective Cu Methods
Cu Oxide method, citric acid leach and AAS nish. 0.25 gram sample. 0.01-10% Cu. Cu-AA04 11.90
Cu Non-Sulde method, dilute sulfuric acid /AAS nish. 1 gram sample. 0.001-10% Cu. Cu-AA05 11.90
Cu Oxide method, dilute sulfuric acid with sulfur dioxide leach and AAS determination. 1g sample. 0.001-100% Cu. Cu-AA07n 11.90
Cu Quick Leach, 1g sample. 0.01-100%. Cu-AA08n 14.20
Cu Cyanide Soluble, 2g sample, 0.001-10% Cu-AA17a 17.00
Cu Sequential Analysis: Cu results are reported for sulfuric acid soluble, cyanide soluble and total Cu. Sequential
analysis; rst dilute sulfuric, then cyanide and total performed on residue from prior leach.
Cu-PKG06LI 35.70
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Nickel Procedures
Acid Digestion techniques
First pass exploration samples are often analyzed using method ME-ICP61, which is a four acid digestion technique with ICPAES
nish. While the method has an upper detection limit of 1% for nickel, it is recommended that an ore grade method (ie method
Ni-OG62) is used to re-assay nickel concentrations exceeding 0.5%, which is a typical lower cut-off grade.
ALS Minerals has developed a variety of analytical methods suitable for the
analysis of nickel in laterites and suldes. These methods have been tailored to
suit the mineralization style and the specic sample type, whether exploration,
resource denition or mine grade control.
Fusion techniques
The industry preferred technique for resource denition of lateritic ore deposits is X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF). A nely pulverised
sample is fused with lithium borate to produce a uniformly sized glass disc suitable for presentation to the XRF Spectrometer.
The comprehensive analysis of laterite ores for major and minor elements is critical in evaluating project economics and for
metallurgical process control. Loss On Ignition (LOI) determination using a Thermo Gravimetric Analyzer (TGA) is also an important
component of the total analysis.
For nickel sulde ores, a sodium peroxide fusion technique with ICPAES nish (method ME-ICP81) is recommended to replace the
borate fusions typically used for lateritic ores.
Trace Ni Method
Ni 1-10,000ppm Ni by HF-HNO3-HCLO4 digestion, HCl leach and ICP-AES. Ni-ICP61 10.50
Assay Ni Method
Ni 0.001-30 Bi 0.001-30 Cr 0.002-30 Mg 0.01-50
ME-OG62 10.70 plus 2.35/element Al 0.01-50 Ca 0.01-50 Cu 0.001-40 Mn 0.01-50
As 0.001-30 Co 0.001-20 Fe 0.01-100 S 0.01-10

* Additional elements are available on these methods. Refer to Exploration & Ore Grade pages.
Fusion XRF for Laterite Ore
ANALYTES & RANGES (%) DESCRIPTION CODE PRICE PER SAMPLE ($)
Al
2
O
3
0.01-100 Fe
2
O
3
0.01-100 Ni 0.005-7.8 Zn 0.001-1.6 Fused disc XRF and
TGA for Loss on
Ignition
ME-XRF12n
(normalized)
ME-XRF12u
(un-normalized)
39.40
CaO 0.01-40 K
2
O 0.01-6.3 P
2
O
5
0.005-23
Co 0.001-7 MgO 0.01-50 Pb 0.005-1.8 LOI 1000C
Cr
2
O
3
0.005-10 MnO 0.005-30 SiO
2
0.05-100
Cu 0.001-1.6 Na
2
O 0.01-5.3 TiO
2
0.01-30

Fusion ICP for Sulde Ore
Al 0.01-50 Cr 0.01-30 Mg 0.01-30 S 0.01-60 Sodium Peroxide
fusion/ICPAES nish
ME-ICP81
36.75 or 11.90
plus 2.35/element
As 0.01-10 Cu 0.005-30 Mn 0.01-50 Si 0.1-50
Ca 0.05-50 Fe 0.05-70 Ni 0.005-30 Ti 0.01-30
Co 0.002-30 K 0.1-30 Pb 0.01-30 Zn 0.01-30

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Iron Ore Procedures
X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) is the method of choice for the analysis of oxide iron ores throughout the industry. The lithium borate
fusion technique, coupled with XRF, offers a robust and repeatable method, consistent with industry requirements. The relatively
low ux to sample ratio offers good sensitivity for the majority of elements and creates a matrix which is not subject to particle
size effects. With very few spectral interferences and high instrument stability, the XRF method delivers highly accurate and precise
results across the full range of iron oxide ore types.
Loss on Ignition (LOI) is a critical component of iron ore analysis, providing a better understanding of mineral composition of the ore
and how it will behave during processing. Single temperature or multi temperature LOI determinations are available. Temperatures
can be customized as required.
Iron Ore represents a large proportion of the worlds bulk mining and exploration
activity. In its metal form, iron constitutes 95% of all metals used by modern
industrialized society. Common mineral forms which are amenable to bulk
mining include hematite, magnetite, goethite/limonite, siderite, chamosite,
pyrite and ilmenite. The oxide mineral forms contribute the largest percentage
of iron ore to global production.
Magnetite Analysis Davis Tube Recovery (DTR)
The preparation of magnetite rich ores requires a rigid and complex protocol involving a staged wet sieving process and the use
of a Davis Tube to provide a beneciated sample that represents the large scale metallurgical process. This procedure is often very
specic to the individual ore types encountered. Prior to commencement of any project, it is highly recommended that clients
discuss their requirements with ALS staff to determine the optimum protocol for their particular ore type.
Multi-Stage Weight seiving and pulverizing DTR-PREP
By Quotation Wash time and Mass recovery DTR-REC
Weight of DTR Fractions WT-DTR
XRF Analysis on DTR Fractions - Head
- Concentrate
- Tails
ME-XRF21h
ME-XRF21c
ME-XRF21t
39.40
DTR Fe Recovery DTR-FeRec By Calculation
FeO (0.01%) - Ferrous Iron by Titration Fe-VOL05 21.20
Magnetic Susecptibility MAG-SUS 25.00
Al
2
O
3
0.01-100 K
2
O 0.01-6.3 Sn 0.001-1.5
Fused disc XRF
ME-XRF21n
(normalized)

ME-XRF21u
(un-normalized)
39.40
As 0.001-1.5 MgO 0.01-40 Sr 0.001-1.5
Ba 0.001-10 Mn 0.001-25 TiO
2
0.01-30
CaO 0.01-40 Na
2
O 0.005-8 V 0.001-5
Cl 0.001-6 Ni 0.001-8 Zn 0.001-1.5
Co 0.001-5 P 0.001-10 Zr 0.001-1
Cr
2
0
3
0.001-10 Pb 0.001-2
Cu 0.001-1.5 S 0.001-5
Fe 0.01-75 SiO
2
0.05-100
Loss on Ignition Furnace OA-GRA05x 5.25 plus 3.15/temperature
LOI (0.01%) at 371C, 425C, 550C, 650C and 1000C
Moisture at 110C
Thermogravimetric analysis
(TGA)
OA-GRA05t
ME-GRA05
3.15 plus 3.15/temperature

Grind Curve Conrmation (P80)
Laser Sizing LaserSizing
By Quotation
Cyclosizing MISC-01
MISC-02
Wet Screening MISC-01
MISC-02
LBR-01 By Quotation
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Aluminium Ore (Bauxite) Procedures
The internationally recognized method for the analysis of major and minor elements in bauxite is X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF). Finely
pulverized samples are decomposed using a lithium borate fusion technique and the resultant glass disc is analyzed by wavelength
dispersive XRF. XRF instrumentation is extremely stable and provides a high level of accuracy and precision. Bauxite ore is typically
very hygroscopic and therefore Loss on Ignition (LOI) determination and moisture correction is an important part of the analysis.
Results are reported on a dry weight (110C) basis by default.
Aluminium is the most abundant metal element in the earths crust. Bauxite is
the most common ore from which alumina is commercially extracted. Gibbsite,
boehmite and diaspore are the predominant aluminium rich minerals which
co-exist with goethite, hematite and kaolinite in bauxite ore.
Screening and Benecation
ALS Minerals can conduct multi screen sizing and subsequent analysis of the size fractions to determine the optimum screen size
for bauxite recovery. ALS Minerals can also conduct the subsequent wet beneciation using the selected single screen.
Reactive Silica and Available Alumina
The reactive silica and available alumina, determined using pressure controlled caustic leach at elevated temperature, provides
important information on the economic extractability of the ore using the Bayer process.
SAMPLE PREPARATION DESCRIPTION CODE PRICE PER SAMPLE ($)
Wet Beneciation using a single screen Wet screening using 600mm diameter Kason Screen Various depending
on screen size
requested
14.60*
Multiple Screen Analysis
Screens available:
300m 1200m 2500m
600m 1700m 7000m
900m 1900m 9600m
Wet screening using multiple 600mm diameter
Kason Screens.
SCR-34 14.60/screen
Moisture Content (%) Gravimetric determination. OA-GRA05g 6.30

Pulverize sub-sample Prepare <1kg sub-sample for analysis. PUL-32 5.95

*Additional costs apply to recovery of nes from beneciated sample.
Percentage recovery reported under relevant screen code.

ANALYTES (%) DESCRIPTION CODE PRICE PER SAMPLE ($)
Total Organic Carbon (Non Carbonate Carbon) TOC by Combustion Furnace. C-IR17 29.75
Reactive Silica
Available Alumina
Microwave digestion, chemical separation/ICP-AES
analysis.*
Si-LICP01
Al-LICP01
17.85
16.10
*Digestion temperature, caustic strength and sample weight/caustic strength ratio to be specied by client.
Al
2
O
3
0.01-100 P
2
O
5
0.01-23
Fused disc XRF
ME-XRF13n
(normalized)
ME-XRF13u
(un-normalized)
39.40
BaO 0.01-10 SiO
2
0.05-100
CaO 0.01-40 SO
3
0.01-12.5
Cr
2
0
3
0.01-10 SrO 0.01-1.5
Fe
2
O
3
0.01-100 TiO
2
0.01-30
K
2
O 0.01-6.3 V
2
O
5
0.01-8
MgO 0.01-40 Zn 0.01-1.6
MnO 0.01-31 ZrO
2
0.01-1.5
Na
2
O 0.01-5.3
Loss on Ignition Furnace OA-GRA05x 5.25 plus 3.15/temperature
Loss on Ignition Thermogravimetric Analyzer
(TGA)
OA-GRA05t 3.15 plus 3.15/temperature

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XRF Ore Grade Methods for Sn, W and other Resistive Minerals
For the procedures described in this section, a homogenous disc is prepared by fusion, eliminating mineralogical effects. The
following methods are suitable for samples with <4% suldes.
X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) analysis is the preferred method for many elements.
It has particular applications for resistive minerals and the determination of
elements that are difcult to decompose and retain in stable solutions at
high concentrations.
Lithium Borate Fusion with XRF Finish
Ba 0.01-50 Ta 0.01-50 W 0.01-50
(+)-XRF10 14.30 plus 3.55/element
Nb 0.01-10 Th 0.01-15 Zr 0.01-50
Sb 0.01-50 U 0.01-15
Sn 0.01-60 V 0.01-100

Sn/W/Ta/Nb Ores Package
Nb 0.01-60 Sn 0.01-90 W 0.01-100
ME-XRF52 31.50 plus 3.30/element
Sb 0.01-60 Ta 0.01-60

Additional elements are available on request
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Industrial Minerals
Industrial minerals analysis commonly includes analyses that deal with unusual matrices and highly refractory components. As a
result, aggressive digestions are selected to ensure complete homogeneity of the analytical sub-sample leaving no residual sample.
Uranium
ALS Minerals has standardized screening and handling protocols throughout its network of laboratories to ensure that any NORM
(Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials) samples received can be rapidly identied and are handled in a manner meeting all
appropriate regulations with respect to transportation, workplace safety and environmental regulations.
Other Target Elements and Commodities
Phosphates
Phosphate is an important commodity because of its role in agriculture as a fertilizer. The method below determines total P2O5 in
a sample. Procedures specic to the fertilizer industry are also available.
U 4-10,000 U by pressed pellet, XRF. U-XRF05 11.90
U 0.01%-15% U by lithium borate fusion, XRF. U-XRF10 17.85
U 0.2-10,000 U by neutron activation. U-NAA05 35.70
51 elements including U (0.05 - 10,000 ppm). Elements and ranges are summarized in the table
for method ME-MS41 on page 13.
ME-MS41u 33.30
48 elements including U (0.1 - 10,000 ppm). Elements and ranges are summarized in the table
for method ME-MS61 on page 13.
ME-MS61u 40.25
Al2O3 0.01-100 K2O 0.01-10 Na2O 0.01-11 TiO2 0.01-30
ME-XRF24
ME-XRF06m
39.40
29.75
CaO 0.01-60 MgO 0.01-50 P2O5 0.01-50
Fe2O3 0.01-100 MnO2 0.01-48 SiO2 0.01-100

ORE/PRODUCT ANALYTES DESCRIPTION CODE PRICE PER SAMPLE ($)
Cementitious Materials CaO, SiO
2
, Fe
2
O
3
, Al
2
O
3
, Mn
2
O
3
, Na
2
O, K
2
O, SO
3
, MgO,
TiO
2
, Cr
2
O
3
, P
2
O
5
, SrO, LOI
Fusion, ICP-AES
ME-ICP91 42.00
Limestone, Dolomite,
Magnesite, Magnesia
CaO, MgO, Al
2
O
3
, Fe
2
O
3
, SiO
2
, LOI Fusion, ICP-AES
ME-ICP86 42.00
Rutile Product TiO
2
, Fe
2
O
3
, Al
2
O
3
, CaO, Cr
2
O
3
, MgO, MnO, Nb
2
O
5
, P
2
O
5
,
SiO
2
, V
2
O
5
, ZrO
2
, LOI (Other elements available on
request)
Fusion, ICP-AES
ME-ICP82 36.75 plus 21.00/element
Zircon Product TiO
2
, Fe
2
O
3
, Al
2
O
3
, CaO, Cr
2
O
3
, MgO, MnO, Nb
2
O
5
, P
2
O
5
,
SiO
2
, V
2
O
5
, ZrO
2
request)
Fusion, ICP-AES
Ilmenite Product TiO
2
, Fe
2
O
3
, Al
2
O
3
, CaO, Cr
2
O
3
, MgO, MnO, Nb
2
O
5
, P
2
O
5
,
SiO
2
, V
2
O
5
, ZrO
2
request)
Fusion, ICP-AES
Intermediate Plant Flows TiO
2
, Fe
2
O
3
, Al
2
O
3
, CaO, Cr
2
O
3
, MgO, MnO, Nb
2
O
5
, P
2
O
5
,
SiO
2
, V
2
O
5
, ZrO
2
request)
Fusion, ICP-AES
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Analysis of mine concentrate and metallurgical samples is critical for the purchase
and sale of commodities as well as the optimization of the recovery process.
With so much riding on a correct result, control assays require meticulous work
by highly trained technicians. The results must be of the highest calibre for
reliability, accuracy and precision.
Concentrates, Metallurgical Materials and Bullion Analysis
Wherever ALS Minerals performs work on commercial grade materials, the facilities are carefully separated and dedicated for such
work. ALS Minerals employ highly trained and experienced registered assayers to oversee the work. All such work is performed
using classical techniques, analyzed in duplicate as a minimum to assure quality.
ALS Minerals will also perform umpire analyses in cases of buyer/seller dispute. Umpire work is conducted with the same degree
of attention but is performed to an even higher degree of precision. In addition to concentrate work, our specialty assay facilities
are available for the analysis of precious metal bullions and other metallurgical materials such as carbon from leach circuits.
Major Minor and Trace Elements in Concentrates
ALS Minerals has multi-element procedures specically designed for this application. Please keep in mind that matrix and
concentrate elements may create interferences that may prevent some analytes from being available for reporting.
Precious Metal Concentrates and Bullions
ANALYTE RANGE (ppm)* DESCRIPTION CODE PRICE PER SAMPLE ($)
Au-CON01 82.50
Ag 0.7-995,000 Ag by re assay and gravimetric nish. Ag-CON01 82.50
Au Fineness
1-1,000
Routine bullion assays by re assay with gravimetric nish. Au-GRA24 126.00
Au umpire assay in bullion samples by re assay with gravimetric nish. Au-UMP20 198.00
Ag Fineness
1-1,000
Routine bullion assays by re assay with gravimetric nish. Ag-GRA24 126.00
Ag umpire assay in bullion samples by re assay with gravimetric nish. Ag-UMP20 198.00

*At your request, precious metals reporting units can be specied as ppb, ppm, g/t or oz/t (except for bullion assays).
Volumetric Methods High-Precision Classical Titration
ANALYTE RANGE (%) DESCRIPTION CODE PRICE PER SAMPLE ($)
Cu 0.01-100 Cu Concentrate - Volumetric. Cu-VOL61 41.70
Zn 0.01-100 Zn by Titration. Zn-VOL50 23.85
Pb 0.01-100 Pb by Titration. Pb-VOL70 35.70
Fe 0.01-100 Total Fe in Concentrates. Fe-VOL51 42.60
FeO 0.01-100 FeO (Ferrous Iron). Fe-VOL05 21.20
Major, Minor and Trace Elements in Concentrates
Ag 0.1-1,000 Cu 2-100,000 Nb 0.5-5,000 Te 0.1-5,000
ME-MS61c 271.25
Al 0.02%-100% Fe 0.02%-100% Ni 2-100,000 Th 2-5,000
As 1-100,000 Ga 0.5-100,000 P 100-100,000 Ti 0.01%-100%
B 100-100,000 Ge 0.5-5,000 Pb 2-100,000 Tl 0.2-100,000
Ba 50-100,000 Hf 0.2-5,000 Rb 1-5,000 U 0.5-10,000
Be 0.5-1,000 In 0.05-5,000 Re 0.01-500 V 5-100,000
Bi 0.1-100,000 K 0.02%-100% S 0.05%-100% W 0.5-100,000
Ca 0.05%-100% La 2-100,000 Sb 0.5-100,000 Y 0.5-5,000
Cd 0.1-5,000 Li 1-5,000 Sc 1-100,000 Zn 20-100,000
Ce 0.2-5,000 Mg 0.02%-100% Se 2-10,000 Zr 5-5,000
Co 1-100,000 Mn 10-100,000 Sn 2-5,000
Cr 10-100,000 Mo 0.5-100,000 Sr 2-100,000
Cs 0.5-5,000 Na 0.02%-100% Ta 0.1-5,000

*An aqua regia digestion option, ME-MS41c, is also available.
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RARE EARTH ELEMENTS
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Inspection & Analysis Laboratories
Stewart Group Inspection & Analysis inspect, weigh, sample, analyze and report on the quantity and quality of commodities to
produce ndings that can be used for nal commercial settlement purposes. Providing accurate, global Inspection & Analysis
services for metals, minerals, ores, precious metals, ferro alloys and solid fuels, they are one of the foremost umpire and party
analysis laboratories in the world. All sampling and sample preparation operations are undertaken to the highest of international
standards. As well, all laboratories are ISO 17025:2005 accredited.
Teams of surveyors are strategically located in major ports, smelters, reneries, steelworks around the world to undertake precise
inspection and sampling of commodities. The samples are dispatched to primary analytical laboratories in UK, Holland and South
Africa with analytical results being used for commercial exchange purposes between seller and buyer. The Stewart Group Inspection
and Analysis team has specic expertise in:
Base metals
Precious Metals and Platinum Group Metals
Iron Ores and Ferro Alloys
Solid Fuels
Minor Metals, Rare Earths and Noble Metals
Copper, Chrome and Cobalt concentrates
Below is a summary of the standard services provided by the Stewart Group worldwide:
LABORATORY & ANALYTICAL SERVICES: INSPECTION & SUPERVISION SERVICES: MARINE SERVICES:
Party analysis
Umpire analysis
Analysis of overow samples from mine-site laboratories
Outsourcing/Management services for customers laboratories
QA/QC Analytical Testing
Supervision of loading/discharge/transhipment operations
Tallying and stockpile control
Storage and stowage inspection as well as Store
Supervision of loading/unloading of barges/trucks/rail-wagons
Visual inspection checking material condition, contamination, etc
Monitor cargo handling/Supervision of weighing operations
Calibration checks of weighing systems
Sampling/Supervision of Sampling operations
Sample preparation/Supervision of sample preparation operations
Determination of Transportable Moisture Limit/Flow Moisture Point
Stockpile Sampling/Production of photographic reports
Draft Survey
Barge Gauging
On/Off Hire Survey
Condition Survey
Marine Cargo Surveying
Stability calculation survey
Many other tests are available please contact Stewart Group Inspection & Analysis to discuss your requirements.
Imen Trari, Commercial Manager UK
Phone: +44 (0) 151 548 7777 | Mobile +44 (0) 7827 242 987 | Email imen.trari@stewartgroupglobal.com
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The metallurgical response of a mineral or concentrate to an extraction process
is determined by a program of metallurgical testing and evaluation. Bankable
metallurgical testwork from ALS Metallurgy is the key to minimize your technical
risks associated with mineral processing owsheet development through well-
planned, well-managed, and well-executed metallurgical test work programs.
Metallurgy
In addition to the acquisition of Ammtec, a leading Australian metallurgical testwork consultancy with global recognition, ALS
recently announced the acquisition of G&T Metallurgical Services. The merger of the Ammtec and G&T metallurgical testwork
businesses into the portfolio of mineral services offered by ALS allows us to provide a leading range of services, at all stages of
the mining life cycle.
Our highly experienced technical staff operate from world class metallurgical testwork facilities based in Perth, Adelaide, Sydney,
Burnie, Australia; and in Kamloops, Canada.
Through laboratory bench scale and large scale pilot plant testing of ore samples, we provide data to determine how the ore
responds to extractive processing, from optimization studies to scoping studies and pre-feasibility to full bankable studies, for any
mineral extraction process. We work closely with our clients globally to develop and demonstrate bankable metallurgical process
owsheets designed to solve metallurgical challenges to even the most complex geology, for all commodities.
Scope of Services include:
Comprehensive bench scale mineral processing testwork laboratories including comminution & SAG testwork, otation,
gravity & magnetic separation & more
Continuous pilot plant operations including AG/SAG mill, HPGR, UFG, otation
Comprehensive hydrometallurgical testing, both bench & pilot scale, including ore roasting & cracking, HPAL, heap leaching
as well as SX-EW & more
Advanced automated mineralogy including MLA, QEMSCAN
, XRD, HyLogger
Geometallurgy testwork
ALS Metallurgy works closely with the international mining, engineering and nancial sectors to develop and demonstrate
successful mineral extraction processing strategies by providing you with an accurate understanding and evaluation of the chemical,
mineralogical and metallurgical factors for all major ore types:
Precious metals - gold, silver, platinum group metals
Base metals - copper, cobalt, lead, zinc, molybdenum, manganese
Iron ore - hematite, magnetite, goethite, itabirite
Nickel - laterite & sulphide ores
Uranium & thorium
Rare earth minerals & other exotics
Mineral sands
Industrial minerals
Tungsten & tin
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Mineralogy
Mineralogy is an important component of resource evaluation and metallurgical testwork development. Analysis can be done
to determine the relative proportions of valuable and gangue minerals, and their degree of liberation in the sample. This data
is then used to predict, or explain, the subsequent behavior of the various classes of mineral particles, in real or simulated
mineral processing operations. ALS Minerals has a market leading position in the range and capabilities of our automated
mineralogy equipment, with analysis carried out using a range of technologies including MLA (Mineral Liberation Analyzer),
QEMSCAN, X-ray diffraction, ParticleSCAN, Optical and HyLogger. Our team of highly experienced professional and technical
staff integrate these various analytical techniques to provide our clients with accurate, quantitative and traceable understanding
of the mineralogical variability within a deposit.
Our technical experts integrate quantitative mineralogy with bankable metallurgy to provide critical information for mineral
process owsheet development or optimization. Working together, our team of highly experienced mineralogists and
metallurgists provide you with complete understanding of how your ore will respond to extractive processes.
Mineralogical data available from our range of technologies include:
Mineral species & compositions Liberation & locking
Mineral distribution & associations Textural information
Mineral grain & particle size distributions Colour coded particle images
Elemental distributions of key minerals Bulk mineral species & distributions
Mineralogical limiting grade recovery curves Trace mineral identication
We can add value throughout the life cycle of your mining project:
Exploration Pilot plant testwork support
Prefeasibility & feasibility studies Plant control & troubleshooting
Resource & reserve determination Plant audits & monthly surveys
Geometallurgy Smelter management
Mine planning & production scheduling Environmental assessment
Concentrator process design & optimization Mine rehabilitation analysis
ALS Minerals provides quantitative mineralogical analysis for the exploration,
mining, metallurgical and environmental sectors. Our recent acquisitions
consolidate our market leading position in providing world class mineralogical
services. Know more about your ore with our integrated mineralogical and
metallurgical services to maximise productivity and efciency of exploration,
mineral process design and optimization, mining, production, marketing and
rehabilitation processes.
Improved res
Chalcopyrite (orange) locked in coarse silicate-rich particles in a heap leach residue
Alunite 0.11 1044
Background 1.53 14115
Chalcopyrite 0.03 258
Fe Oxides 1.12 10322
Feldspar 21.10 194992
Gypsum 3.36 31045
Jarosite 3.92 36206
Kaolinite 0.06 553
Micas/clays 30.10 278093
Minor Phases 0.02 206
Pyrite 1.11 10287
Quartz 38.35 354373
Rutile 0.72 6626
Mineral Name
Chalcopyrite (orange) locked in coarse silicate-rich particles in a heap leach residue
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The storage of overburden, waste rock and mine water materials at mine
sites must be carefully planned to minimize the environmental impact of
mining operations. Samples may be tested to predict their acid producing or
neutralizing potential, thus allowing responsible mine planning.
Acid-Base Accounting (ABA) Procedures
The balance between the potential of a rock to produce versus consume acid, is measured using ABA procedures. Our static acid rock
drainage tests are designed to measure the balance between potentially acid-generating or acid-neutralizing minerals in a sample.
Sulde minerals such as pyrite, pyrrhotite, arsenopyrite in mine waste material react with water and oxygen to produce sulfuric
acid which may in turn leach metals from the same and introduce them into the environment. Samples with abundant neutralizing
minerals such as carbonate minerals calcite and dolomite may act to increase natural pH in waters and prevent any acid and metal
contribution to the environment. The calculated Net Neutralization Potential (NNP) is a predictor of whether a particular sample
will generate acid over time. A number of methods have been developed with each modication an attempt to improve prediction
of the acid-or neutralizing- potential of samples. The original methods described by Sobek dene the amount of CaCO
3
, in a sample
required to neutralize acid mainly generated by sulde sulfur. The measurement introduces acid to the sample, then adds NaOH to
back titrate to neutral. The Modied Sobek method evaluates the neutralization potential at ambient temperature, using a higher
pH titration end point. The third method introduces hydrogen peroxide as a correction for the erroneously high neutralizing values
a regular Sobek method may produce in the presence of siderite (iron carbonate), known as the Siderite Correction procedure.
Mineralogy of the sample will affect the accuracy of the ABA prediction. The presence of siderite (iron carbonate) may overestimate
neutralizing potential of a sample if acid is introduced. Sulfates such as gypsum and barite will cause overestimation of the sulfur if
a total sulfur measurement is used. Some samples may contain minerals which are not sulde but which are acid-producing. There
are carbonate minerals that do not neutralize the sample, as well as non-carbonate buffering minerals such as biotite and chlorite.
Mineralogical knowledge of the sample is an important augmentation to the static ABA tests.
PARAMETERS
SOBEK METHOD PACKAGE CODE
ABA-PKG01 (M/S) ABA-PKG02 (M/S) ABA-PKG03 ABA-PKG04 ABA-PKG05
Net Neutralization Potential (NNP)
Maximum Potential Acidity (MPA)
Neutralization Potential (NP) & Fizz
Ratio (NP : MPA)
Paste pH
Total Sulfur
HCl-leachable Sulfate
Sulde *
Total Sulfate (Carbonate Leach)
Inorganic Carbon (CO
2
)
Sobek Package 77.40 113.15 125.00 125.00 136.90
M Modied Sobek Package 136.90 184.55 125.00 184.55 216.70
S Siderite Correction Package 136.90 184.55 125.00 184.55 216.70

* Sulde is determined by calculation by default. If you would prefer sulde determined
by an analytical procedure then add A to the package code for an additional cost of $20.00.
**The standard package uses the Sobek, EPA Neutralisation Potential Method
Add the (M) to the package for the Modied Neutralisation Potential Method of Lawrence
Add a (S) to the package name for the Siderite Correction of Skousen
Net Acid Generation (NAG) - Hydrogen peroxide is used to facilitate the rapid oxidation of sulde. NAG is
reported in kg H
2
SO
4
/tonne at pH 4.5 and pH 7.0.
OA-VOL11 119.05
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EXPLORATION
GEOCHEMISTRY
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ALS Minerals offers expert construction, supply, management and advice when
establishing an on-site laboratory facility at your location. When partnering with
ALS Minerals you will have the peace of mind that your design, establishment,
commissioning and daily laboratory management will be accomplished to the
same high standard that characterizes all ALS Minerals facilities.
Mine Site Laboratories
Mine site laboratories have been designed, installed and operated by ALS Minerals for mines in many regions. Construction and
installation of sample preparation or analytical facilities may be within existing buildings, in pre-fabricated buildings, or within
standard sea containers according to the requirements for each specic project. These facilities include proper environmental
control systems for dust collection and fume extraction. The provision of such laboratory services is based on the installation of local
facilities to enable rapid return of analytical data. Access to ALS management experience and sufcient stafng and equipment
levels ensure high quality data and rapid return of analytical data.
ALS Minerals has experience establishing and operating a wide variety of analytical services in on-site client hosted environments.
Capabilities ranging from re assay to atomic absorption determinations, ICP-AES capabilities, X-ray analyses, as well as metallurgical
testing, bullion determinations, grade control, and environmental sampling and testing are all normal parts of what we see our
clients demand from on-site facilities.
The management systems implemented on-site comply with the ISO 9001:17025 standards and use the same methodologies as
those certied in the ALS Minerals Laboratories.
Mine-Site Laboratory Services include:
Mineral Sample Preparation
Physical Testing
Fire Assay
Wet Chemistry
Instrumentation (AAS, XRF, ICP-AES/MS)
BLEG, LeachWELL
Data Management - LIMS
Laboratory Audits
Inventory Management (Consumables, Purchasing)
Training
Once a mineral lab is installed at the mine site, the client
will have access to an array of additional services :
Consulting
Mineralogy
Environmental
Metallurgical
Research and Development
Oil Condition Monitoring for the Mining Fleet
39
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METALS
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COMMODITIES
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GEOCHEMISTRY
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1. Terms and Conditions
Complete Terms and conditions of service are included with
each service quotation provided to clients. The following
lists some of the key terms and conditions that will be
applicable to every quotation for work.
2. Provision of Services
a) The Client acknowledges that it is the Clients sole
responsibility to make its own assessment of the
suitability for any purpose of the Services, detection limits
and condence intervals inherent in ALSs standard testing
methodology, the ALS Report and its contents.
b) If the Client requires the Services to be performed by
specic test method, or requires detection limits and/or
condence intervals different to those inherent in ALSs
standard testing methodology, then the Client must instruct
ALS of such a variation prior to ALS performing the Services.
3. Fees and Payment
a) ALS reserves the right to review prices at any time if
signicant changes to ALSs costs are incurred that are
beyond ALSs control, such changes may include, but
are not limited to, changes in legislative requirements,
Client variations to sample numbers, analytes requested,
turnaround required, or reporting requirements.
b) Payment terms are 30 days from the date of invoice (Due
Date), unless negotiated otherwise prior to the placement
of an order or submission of samples. Any such variance
from the standard payment terms must be stipulated
separately in writing in the Agreement.
c) All prices quoted by ALS are exclusive of GST (or other
value added tax if relevant) unless stated otherwise.
d) All fees due and payable after the Due Date (Outstanding
Amount) will be subject to the payment of interest at a
rate of 1.5% per month of the Outstanding Amount from
the Due Date up to and including the date of payment,
unless ALS and the Client otherwise agree in writing.
e) The Client will indemnify ALS for any fees incurred by ALS
to recover the Outstanding Amount, including any solicitor
fees, or collection agency fees.
4. Limitation of Liability
a) To the full extent permitted by law, ALS excludes all
warranties, terms, conditions or undertakings (Terms),
whether expressed or implied, in relation to the Services,
the ALS Report, or its contents. Where any legislation
implies any Terms in this Agreement that cannot be
modied or excluded then, such Terms shall deem to be
included. However, to the full extent permitted by law,
ALSs liability to the Client for any breach of any Terms
that cannot be excluded by law is limited at ALSs option
to the re-performance of the Services or the refund of the
fee for the Services.
b) Notwithstanding any other provision in this Agreement,
the cumulative liability of ALS under this Agreement to the
Client and any third party is limited for any claim for loss
or damage whatsoever, whether arising in tort or contract
or any other cause of action, to the value of the Services
provided by ALS to the Client.
c) Without limiting the generality of clauses 4.a) and 4.b),
it is agreed that, to the full extent permitted by any
applicable laws having jurisdiction, ALS will not be liable
to the Client or any other person for any special, indirect
or Consequential Loss arising from the Clients use of,
reliance on, or benet of, the Services or any ALS Report.
d) The Client acknowledges that during the performance of
the Services, any samples supplied by, or on behalf of,
the Client or parts thereof may be altered, lost, damaged
or destroyed. ALS will not be liable whatsoever to the
Client or any third party for any samples so altered, lost,
damaged or destroyed.
5. Termination
a) ALS may suspend or terminate its obligations under this
Agreement if (a) monies payable to ALS by the client are
outstanding 60 days or more (unless otherwise agreed)
after the date of invoice, (b) other substantial breach by
the Client of their obligations under the Agreement, which
breach is not remedied within 30 days of written notice
from ALS requiring the breach to be remedied, (c) by
giving the Client 60 days written notice of ALSs intention
to terminate.
b) The Client may terminate its obligations under this
Agreement in the event of a substantial breach by ALS of
its obligations under the Agreement, which breach has not
been remedied within 30 days of written notice from the
Client to ALS requiring the breach to be remedied.
c) If ALS, acting reasonably, suspects that the Client is
insolvent or is having difculties paying its debts as and
when they become due, or the Client is insolvent, ALS
may give written notice to the Client of ALSs intention
to immediately suspend or terminate is obligations under
this Agreement.
d) In the event of termination, ALS is entitled to be paid for
all work performed before the date of termination and for
any unavoidable commitments entered into by ALS before
the date of termination.
6. Condential Information
a) Neither ALS nor the Client will disclose Condential
Information of the other party to any third party without
the prior written consent of the other party, unless
required by law or the rules of a relevant stock exchange.
b) ALS and the Client will only use Condential Information of
the other party for the purpose of the supply of the Services.
Selected Terms & Conditions
Please refer ALS Website for full Terms and Conditions.
40
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m

ALS Minerals Services Schedule USD 2012

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Moisture Content (%) Gravimetric determination. OA-GRA05g 6.30

Percentage recovery reported under relevant screen code.

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