1. Diagram 1 shows part of the Periodic Table of Elements.V,W,X,Y and Z do not represent the actual symbol of the elements.
1 18 2 13 14 15 16 17 W X V Z Y
DIAGRAM 1 (a) Write the electron arrangement of V ion.
........... [1 mark ] (b) (i) Which of the element is not chemically reactive.
. .........................................................................................................................................[1 mark ] (ii) Explain your answer in (b)(i).
........................................................................................................................................... [1 mark ] (c) V and Y are located in the same group in the Periodic Table of Elements. (i) Which of the element is more reactive?
....................................................................................................................................... [1 mark ] (ii) Explain your answer in (c)(i).
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..................................... [3 marks] (d) Y reacts with iron to form a compound.
(i) State one property of the compound formed.
............... .[1 mark]
(ii) Draw a labeled the set up of apparatus of the reaction between Y and iron, Fe
[ 2 marks]
2. In an experiment to determine the empirical formula of an oxide of copper , the combustion tube with the porcelain dish are weighed. Oxide of copper is added into the porcelain dish and the tube is weighed again. The oxide of copper is heated strongly. After the set of apparatus cools down to room temperature the combustion tube with its content is weighed again.
The following data is obtained.
Mass of combustion tube + porcelain dish = 19.60 g Mass of combustion tube + porcelain dish + oxide of copper = 25.68 g Mass of combustion tube +porcelain dish + copper = 24.46 g
(a) What is meant by empirical formula?
[1 mark] (b) Draw a labeled diagram of the set-up of the apparatus for the experiment.
[2 marks] (c) Calculate the empirical formula of the oxide of copper. [Given that the relative atomic mass of O=16 , Cu=64]
[3mark] (d) Write the chemical equation for the reaction in the experiment.
............. [1 mark]
(e) Before oxide of copper is heated, hydrogen gas is allowed to pass through the apparatus until all the air in the combustion tube is completely removed. Describe the steps that should be taken to ensure that all air in the combustion tube has been removed.
[3 marks]
(f) (i) Can the empirical formula of magnesium oxide be determined using the same method as above? Explain your answer.
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.............. [2 marks]
(ii) Draw a labeled diagram of the set-up of the apparatus for the experiment
[2 marks]
3. The table 1 below shows the description and observation for two experiments involving tw0 solutions: Hydrogen chloride in solvent X Hydrogen chloride in solvent Y
Experiment Description Observation HCl in solvent X HCl in solvent Y I Reaction of hydrogen chloride in solvent X and solvent Y with calcium carbonate lumps. Effervescence occurs. A colourless gas is liberated. No change occur II Electrolysis of hydrogen chloride in solvent X and solvent Y Reading of the ammeter is 1 A Reading of the ammeter is 0 A. Table 1 (a) Name a suitable compound for
Solvent X : .................................................................................................................................... Solvent Y: ............................................................................................................ [2 marks] (b) (i) Which of the solution shows acidic properties?
............................................................................................................................... (ii) What is the role of solvent in (b) (i) that enables the solution to show acidic properties?
..................................................................................................................[2 marks] (c) (i) Effervescence occurs when hydrogen chloride in solvent X react with calcium carbonate. Name the gas liberated.
(iii) Write ionic equation for the reaction in (c) (i).
................................................................................................................. [4 marks] (d) Hydrogen chloride in solvent X can conduct electricity but hydrogen chloride in solvent Y cannot conduct electricity. Explain why.
................................................................................................................................. ....................................................................................................................[2 marks] (e) Calculate the mass of hydrogen chloride gas, HCl to prepare 100 cm 3 of 0.5 mol dm -3 HCl acid. [Given that the relative atomic mass of H = 1, Cl = 35.5 , C = 12, O = 16 , Ca = 40 ]
Essay Questions: 1. Table 11 shows the proton number of atoms P, Q and R. Element P Q R Proton number 8 12 17 TABLE 11 (a) Based on electron arrangement, explain the formation of chemical bond between (i) element P and element P [5 marks ] (ii) element Q and element R [7 marks ] (b) Gas P reacts with element Q to produce a white solid. (iii) Write a chemical equation for the reaction between gas P and element Q. (ii) State three physical properties of the white solid. [ 4 marks] (c) What is the position of element Q in the Periodic Table of the elements? Explain how do you obtain your answer. [ 4 marks ]
2. (a) What is effective collisions? [1 mark] (b) An experiment is carried out to study the rate of reaction between magnesium strip and different type of acids. The time taken by magnesium strip to dissolve in acids in each experiment is recorded in Table 2.
Experiment Reactant
Temperature ( 0 C) Time (s) I 20 cm 3 of 1.0 moldm -3 ethanoic acid + 15 cm of magnesium strip 30 150 II 20 cm 3 of 1.0 moldm -3 hydrochloric acid + 15 cm of magnesium strip 30 60 III 20 cm 3 of 1.0 moldm -3 sulphuric acid + 15 cm of magnesium strip 30 30 TABLE 2 (i) Write an ionic equation for the reaction between magnesium strip and acid. [2 marks]
(ii) Compare the rate of reaction between experiment I and experiment II, experiment II and experiment III
Explain your answer based on the collision theory. [6 marks]
(iii) If experiment II is repeated at 40 0 C, predict the time taken for the 15 cm magnesium strip to dissolve completely. Explain your answer. [3 marks] (c) Explain why
(i) food stored in the refrigerator lasts longer than food stored in the kitchen cabinet. [3 marks] (ii) meat cut into small pieces can be cooked faster compare with meat in big chunks. [3 marks] (iii) food cook in a pressure cooker can save energy and time compared to the normal cooker. [2 marks]