Essentia Wifless ESS 1xx, 1xxS & 1xx-D (HW All) Basic System Manual - OpenWifless ESS CPE Ver 1.20 - 20090623 PDF

WiFlEss
Wireless Outdoor CPE

ESS 1xx, 1xxS and 1xx-D
with
OpenWiFlEss
ESS CPE
Operating System

Basic System Manual

J une 2009
Doc. Rev.: 1.1 MA/AT20090623
OpenWifless ESS CPE: SW Ver. 1.20
Wifless ESS 1xx & 1xxS: HW Rel. 1.x
Wifless ESS 1xx-D: HW Rel. 2.x

Essentia
T el ec ommuni c at i ons & S ec ur i t y
WiFlEss www.essentia.eu

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Back Cover
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Legal Notes and Warnings
Legal Rights
Copyright 2006-2009 Essentia S.p.A. All rights reserved.
The material contained herein is proprietary, privileged, and confidential and owned by Essentia or its third party
licensors.

Essentia S.p.A. reserves the right to change the equipment features, specifications and descriptions in this
publication without prior notice. No part of this publication shall be deemed to be part of any contract or
warranty unless specifically incorporated by reference into such contract or warranty.

Logo and Trade Names
Essentia
, Advasu
, Nexit
, Wifless
, OpenWifless
and/or other products and/or services referenced here in

are either registered trademarks, trademarks or service marks of Essentia S.p.A.

All other names are or may be the trademarks of their respective owners.

Statement of Conditions
The information contained in this manual is subject to change without notice. Essentia S.p.A. shall not be liable
for errors contained herein or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing,
performance, or use of this manual or equipment supplied with it.

Warranties and Disclaimers
All Essentia S.p.A. (Essentia) products purchased from Essentia or through any of Essentias authorized
resellers are subject to the following warranty and product liability terms and conditions.

Exclusive Warranty
(a) Essentia warrants that the Product Hardware it supplies and the tangible media on which any software is
installed, under normal use and conditions, will be free from significant defects in materials and workmanship for
a period of twelve (12) months from the date of shipment of a given Product to Purchaser (the Warranty
Period). During the Warranty Period, Essentia will, at its sole option and as Purchasers sole remedy, repair or
replace any defective Product in accordance with Essentia standard R&R procedure.

(b) With respect to the Product Firmware, Essentia warrants the correct functionality according to the attached
documentation, for a period of three (3) months from invoice date (the Warranty Period). During the Warranty
Period, Essentia may release to its Customers firmware updates, which include additional performance
improvements and/or bug fixes, upon availability (the Warranty). Bug fixes, temporary patches and/or
workarounds may be supplied as Firmware updates.

Additional hardware or professional services, if required, to install or use Firmware updates must be purchased
by the Customer. Essentia will be obligated to support solely the two (2) most recent Software Major Releases.

ESSENTIA SHALL NOT BE LIABLE UNDER THIS WARRANTY IF ITS TESTING AND EXAMINATION
DISCLOSE THAT THE ALLEGED DEFECT IN THE PRODUCT DOES NOT EXIST OR WAS CAUSED BY
PURCHASERS OR ANY THIRD PERSON'S MISUSE, NEGLIGENCE, IMPROPER INSTALLATION OR
IMPROPER TESTING, UNAUTHORIZED ATTEMPTS TO REPAIR, OR ANY OTHER CAUSE BEYOND
THE RANGE OF THE INTENDED USE, OR BY ACCIDENT, FIRE, LIGHTNING OR OTHER HAZARD.

Disclaimer
(a) The Software is sold on an AS IS basis. Essentia, its affiliates or its licensors MAKE NO WARRANTIES,
WHATSOEVER, WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH RESPECT TO THE SOFTWARE AND THE
ACCOMPANYING DOCUMENTATION. ESSENTIA SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ALL IMPLIED
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-
INFRINGEMENT WITH RESPECT TO THE SOFTWARE. UNITS OF PRODUCT (INCLUDING ALL THE
SOFTWARE) DELIVERED TO PURCHASER HEREUNDER ARE NOT FAULT TOLERANT AND ARE
NOT DESIGNED, MANUFACTURED OR INTENDED FOR USE OR RESALE IN APPLICATIONS WHERE
THE FAILURE, MALFUNCTION OR INACCURACY OF PRODUCTS CARRIES A RISK OF DEATH OR
BODILY INJ URY OR SEVERE PHYSICAL OR ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE (HIGH RISK
ACTIVITIES). HIGH RISK ACTIVITIES MAY INCLUDE, BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO, USE AS PART
OF ON LINE CONTROL SYSTEMS IN HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENTS REQUIRING FAIL SAFE
PERFORMANCE, SUCH AS IN THE OPERATION OF NUCLEAR FACILITIES, AIRCRAFT
NAVIGATION OR COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS, AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL, LIFE SUPPORT
MACHINES, WEAPONS SYSTEMS OR OTHER APPLICATIONS REPRESENTING A SIMILAR DEGREE
OF POTENTIAL HAZARD. ESSENTIA SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
WARRANTY OF FITNESS FOR HIGH RISK ACTIVITIES.


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(b) PURCHASERS SOLE REMEDY FOR BREACH OF THE EXPRESS WARRANTIES ABOVE SHALL
BE REPLACEMENT OR REFUND OF THE PURCHASE PRICE AS SPECIFIED ABOVE, AT ESSENTIAS
OPTION. TO THE FULLEST EXTENT ALLOWED BY LAW, THE WARRANTIES AND REMEDIES SET
FORTH IN THIS AGREEMENT ARE EXCLUSIVE AND IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES OR
CONDITIONS, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, EITHER IN FACT OR BY OPERATION OF LAW, STATUTORY
OR OTHERWISE, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO WARRANTIES, TERMS OR CONDITIONS OF
MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, SATISFACTORY QUALITY,
CORRESPONDENCE WITH DESCRIPTION, NON INFRINGEMENT, AND ACCURACY OF
INFORMATION GENERATED. ALL OF WHICH ARE EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMED. ESSENTIA
WARRANTIES HEREIN RUN ONLY TO PURCHASER, AND ARE NOT EXTENDED TO ANY THIRD
PARTIES. ESSENTIA NEITHER ASSUMES NOR AUTHORIZES ANY OTHER PERSON TO ASSUME
FOR IT ANY OTHER LIABILITY IN CONNECTION WITH THE SALE, INSTALLATION,
MAINTENANCE OR USE OF ITS PRODUCTS.

Limitation of Liability
(a) ESSENTIA SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO THE PURCHASER OR TO ANY THIRD PARTY, FOR ANY
LOSS OF PROFITS, LOSS OF USE, INTERRUPTION OF BUSINESS OR FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL,
INCIDENTAL, PUNITIVE OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OF ANY KIND, WHETHER ARISING
UNDER BREACH OF CONTRACT, TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), STRICT LIABILITY OR
OTHERWISE AND WHETHER BASED ON THIS AGREEMENT OR OTHERWISE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF
THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.

(b) TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, IN NO EVENT SHALL THE LIABILITY FOR
DAMAGES HEREUNDER OF ESSENTIA OR ITS EMPLOYEES OR AGENTS EXCEED THE PURCHASE
PRICE PAID FOR THE PRODUCT BY PURCHASER, NOR SHALL THE AGGREGATE LIABILITY FOR
DAMAGES TO ALL PARTIES REGARDING ANY PRODUCT EXCEED THE PURCHASE PRICE PAID
FOR THAT PRODUCT BY THAT PARTY (EXCEPT IN THE CASE OF A BREACH OF A PARTYS
CONFIDENTIALITY OBLIGATIONS).

FCC Electronic Emission & Radio Frequency Interference Statement
The Essentia Wifless ESS equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a class B digital
device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC rules and to ETSI EN applicable rules. These limits are designed to
provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a residential
environment notwithstanding use in commercial, business and industrial environments.

This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in
accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However,
there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause
harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and
on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one of the following measures:
- Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
- Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
- Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.
- Consult the dealer or an experienced RF technician for help.

FCC Caution: Any changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance
could void the user's authority to operate this equipment.

ETSI Conformity Statement
This equipment is compliant with the EU Directive R&TTE 1999/05/CE and with the EU Decision 2005/513/CE,
however it is, or it may be, subject to Local Country Usage Limitation and Restriction. Before the use consult
your local Radio Regulatory Authority.

ETSI Caution: Any changes or modifications, including antenna and RF cable type and model, could void the
user's authority to operate this equipment.

The Technical Construction File, for Authority Inspection, is available at the Essentia S.p.A. R&D Department at
Via G.B. Vico, 29 - 42100 Reggio Emilia (RE), Italy.

FCC Radiation Hazard Warning
This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled Indoor and Outdoor
environment. This equipment should be Indoor installed and operated only with the Essentias approved Indoor
Use Antennas and with minimum distance of 50 cm between the radiator (antenna) & your body. This transmitter
must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter.
To comply with FCC radiation exposure requirement in section 1.1307, Outdoor environment, the antenna used
for this transmitter must be fixed-mounted on outdoor permanent structures with a separation distance of at least

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2 meter from al persons for antennas with a gain up to 28 dBi and at least 3 meter for a 32+dBi dish antenna, and
must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter.
The equipment transmits radio energy during normal operation. To avoid possible harmful exposure to this
energy, do not stand or work for extended periods of time in front of its antenna. The long-term characteristics or
the possible physiological effects of Radio Frequency Electromagnetic fields have not been yet fully investigated.

ETSI RF Exposure Warning - Limiting exposure to electromagnetic fields
To comply with the European Directive 1999/519/CE and related updates, the system (the device with the
antenna) must be configured in order to be compliant with the maximum E.I.R.P. (Equivalent Isotropic Radiated
Power) allowed for the selected frequency band in respect of the approved Indoor or Outdoor applications
Limits & Rules. For Outdoor permanent installation, it is recommended to have a separation distance of at least
2.7 meter from all persons and shell not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other transmitting
antenna or transmitter.
The equipment transmits radio energy during normal operation. To avoid possible harmful exposure to this
energy, do not stand or work for extended periods of time in front of its antenna. The long-term characteristics or
the possible physiological effects of Radio Frequency Electromagnetic fields have not been yet fully investigated.

R&TTE Compliance Statement
This equipment complies with the appropriate essential requirements of the R&TTE EU Directive 1999/05/CE
and it is compliant to the EU Decision 2005/513/CE.

Safety Considerations
For the following safety considerations, Instrument means the Wifless ESS systems components and their
cables.

Caution - Electrical Shock Risk
To avoid electrical shock, do not perform any servicing unless you are qualified to do so.

Power Line Voltage & Frequency
Before connecting this instrument to the power line, make sure that the voltage and frequency of the power
source matches the requirements of the provided power supply.

Outdoor Unit (ODU) and Antenna Installation and Grounding
Ensure that the outdoor units, antennas and supporting structures are properly installed to eliminate any physical
hazard to either people or property. Make sure that the installation of the outdoor unit, antenna and cables is
performed in accordance with all relevant national and local building and safety codes. Even where grounding is
not mandatory according to applicable regulation and national codes, it is highly recommended to ensure that the
outdoor unit and the antenna mast (when using external antenna) are grounded and suitable lightning protection
devices are used so as to provide protection against voltage surges and static charges. In any event, Essentia is not
liable for any injury, damage or regulation violations associated with or caused by installation, grounding or
lightning protection.

Important Notice
This user manual is delivered subject to the following conditions and restrictions:
This manual contains proprietary information belonging to Essentia S.p.A. Such information is supplied solely
for the purpose of assisting properly authorized users of the respective Essentia products. No part of its contents
may be used for any other purpose, disclosed to any person or firm or reproduced by any means, electronic and
mechanical, without the express prior written permission of Essentia S.p.A. The text and graphics are for the
purpose of illustration and reference only. The specifications on which they are based are subject to change
without notice. The software described in this document is furnished under a license. The software may be used
or copied only in accordance with the terms of that license. Information in this document is subject to change
without notice. Corporate and individual names and data used in examples herein are fictitious unless otherwise
stated. Essentia S.p.A. reserves the right to alter the equipment specifications and descriptions in this publication
without prior notice. No part of this publication shall be deemed to be part of any contract or warranty unless
specifically incorporated by reference into such contract or warranty.
The information contained herein is merely descriptive in nature, and does not constitute an offer for the sale of
the product described herein. Any changes or modifications of equipment, including opening of the equipment
not expressly approved by Essentia S.p.A. will void equipment warranty and any repair thereafter shall be
charged for. It could also void the users authority to operate the equipment. Some of the equipment provided by
Essentia and specified in this manual, is manufactured and warranted by third parties. All such equipment must
be installed and handled in full compliance with the instructions provided by such manufacturers as attached to
this manual or provided thereafter by Essentia or the manufacturers. Non compliance with such instructions may
result in serious damage and/or bodily harm and/or void the users authority to operate the equipment and/or
revoke the warranty provided by such manufacturer.
.

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Table of Contents
Legal Notes and Warnings .................................................................................................. 3
Legal Rights ..................................................................................................................................................... 3
Logo and Trade Names .................................................................................................................................... 3
Statement of Conditions .................................................................................................................................... 3
Warranties and Disclaimers .............................................................................................................................. 3
Exclusive Warranty ........................................................................................................................................... 3
Disclaimer ......................................................................................................................................................... 3
Limitation of Liability ......................................................................................................................................... 4
FCC Electronic Emission & Radio Frequency Interference Statement .............................................................. 4
ETSI Conformity Statement .............................................................................................................................. 4
FCC Radiation Hazard Warning ....................................................................................................................... 4
ETSI RF Exposure Warning - Limiting exposure to electromagnetic fields ........................................................ 5
R&TTE Compliance Statement ......................................................................................................................... 5
Safety Considerations ...................................................................................................................................... 5
Caution - Electrical Shock Risk ......................................................................................................................... 5
Power Line Voltage & Frequency ...................................................................................................................... 5
Outdoor Unit (ODU) and Antenna Installation and Grounding ........................................................................... 5
Important Notice ............................................................................................................................................... 5
Table of Contents ................................................................................................................ 6
Wifless
ESS 1xx, ESS 1xxS and ESS 1xx-D Package Contents ................................... 10
Introduction to the Wifless
ESS CPE Product Line ......................................................... 11

Detached, Single and Dual Band Integrated Antenna Wi-Fi/HiperLAN2 Outdoor
Professional Customer Premise Equipment ..................................................................... 11
Overview of the Wifless
ESS 1xx, ESS 1xxS and ESS 1xx-D Series ............................. 12

System Components and Technical Specifications ........................................................... 13
Essentia
Wifless ESS 1xx, ESS 1xxS and ESS 1xx-D Hardware Features and Specifications ....... 13
Essentia
OpenWifless
ESS CPE Operating System Main Features .................................................. 14

Main Wireless Features: ................................................................................................................................ 14
General Networking Features (Wireless and Wireline): ................................................................................. 14
Key Management Features: ........................................................................................................................... 15
Approved Antennas .......................................................................................................... 16
Approved RF Cables for Antenna Interconnection ............................................................ 17
Guidelines on Installation .................................................................................................. 18
Hardware Setup and Basic Knowledge ............................................................................. 19
Wifless ESS 1xx, ESS 1xxS and ESS 1xx-D Ethernet Connector ......................................................... 19
Wifless EPOE02 Power-over-Ethernet Power Supply and Connectors ................................................. 20
Wifless ESS 1xx-D RF Antenna Connector ............................................................................................ 21
Mounting the Wireless ESS CPE ODU ................................................................................................... 22
Standard Mounting Kits for the Wifless ESS 125 / 125S / 125-D and ESS 151 / 151S CPE .......................... 22
Pole-Mounting the Wifless ESS 151 and ESS 151S CPE .............................................................................. 23
Pole-Mounting the Wifless ESS 125 and ESS 125S CPE .............................................................................. 23
Pole-Mounting the Wifless ESS 125-D CPE .................................................................................................. 24
Wall-Mounting ................................................................................................................................................ 24
Connecting the Antenna Cable to the Wifless ESS 125-D ODU .................................................................... 24
Connecting the Indoor-to-Outdoor Cable to the ODU and IDU .............................................................. 25
Overview of the Essentia Wifless
Open Platform ........................................................... 27

The OpenWifless
ESS CPE Wireless Operating System ............................................... 27

Capabilities and Performances of the OpenWifless ESS CPE ........................................................... 27
Supported Radius Protocols and Attributes by the OpenWifless ESS CPE ....................................... 28
EAP3 Main Supported Protocols .................................................................................................................... 28
Authentication Authorization & Accounting Attributes ..................................................................................... 28
Essentia Private Attributes ............................................................................................................................. 28
Essentia-System-Time ............................................................................................................................................ 28
Essentia-Reply-Message ........................................................................................................................................ 28
Essentia-Max-Input-Octets, Essentia-Max-Output-Octets, Essentia-Max-Total-Octets ............................................ 28
Essentia Wifless ESS 1xx, ESS 1xxS and ESS 1xx-D Setup & Commissioning .............. 29
Prerequisites for Operation ..................................................................................................................... 29
Log into your Wifless ESS 1xx, ESS 1xxS and ESS 1xx-D .................................................................... 30
Login as Administrator .................................................................................................................................... 31
Login as Read-Only Supervisor ..................................................................................................................... 32
Login as User ................................................................................................................................................. 32

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Login as Backup Operator .............................................................................................................................. 33
Setup of Physical Interfaces ................................................................................................................... 34
Setup of General System Hardware parameters ............................................................................................ 34
Setup of Ethernet Physical Interfaces parameters ......................................................................................... 35
Setup of Wireless Physical Interface parameters ........................................................................................... 36
Setup of Ethernet Logical Interfaces ....................................................................................................... 38
Creation and Setup of PPPoE Client Logical Interface .................................................................................. 39
Creation and Setup of Switch Logical Interface ...................................................................................... 40
Creation and Setup of Wireless Logical Interface ................................................................................... 42
Provisioning the Fast-Ethernet Logical Interface .................................................................................... 43
Provisioning the PPPoE Client Logical Interface .................................................................................... 44
Provisioning Switch Interfaces ................................................................................................................ 45
Provisioning Wireless Logical Interface to Station / Client Node Mode .................................................. 47
Logical Interface Common Settings ........................................................................................................ 49
DHCP Server and Relay Settings .................................................................................................................. 49
IP Aliasing ...................................................................................................................................................... 50
L2-L3-L4 Bandwidth Manager Settings .......................................................................................................... 51
Activity Metering ............................................................................................................................................. 51
Wireless Logical Interface Common Settings ......................................................................................... 53
Security Settings ............................................................................................................................................ 53
Wireless Encryption Settings and IEEE 802.1x AAA .............................................................................. 54
Open System ................................................................................................................................................. 54
Static WEP Shared Key .................................................................................................................................. 54
IEEE 802.1X AAA with Dynamic WEP ........................................................................................................... 55
WPA / WPA2-PSK with AES or TKIP (WPA-Personal) ................................................................................... 56
WPA / WPA2-EAP with AES or TKIP (WPA-Enterprise) ................................................................................. 57
The Router Settings ................................................................................................................................ 58
Static Router ................................................................................................................................................... 58
Dynamic Router ............................................................................................................................................. 58
Configuration using the WEB GUI ........................................................................................................................... 58
Configuration using Telnet ...................................................................................................................................... 60
Policy Router .................................................................................................................................................. 61
Firewall Settings ...................................................................................................................................... 63
Class of Service (CoS) ............................................................................................................................ 65
Static CoS setting ........................................................................................................................................... 65
Dynamic CoS setting ...................................................................................................................................... 65
Advanced WISPr Radius Supported Attributes for Dynamic Bandwidth Management ............................................. 65
Quality of Service (QoS) ......................................................................................................................... 66
VLAN Priority QoS ......................................................................................................................................... 67
ToS/DSCP Priority QoS .................................................................................................................................. 68
ToS Prioritization .................................................................................................................................................... 68
DSCP Prioritization ................................................................................................................................................. 69
RTP Priority QoS ............................................................................................................................................ 70
WMM-EDCA Priority QoS ............................................................................................................................... 71
The Management Settings, Status Monitoring and Performance Metering ............................................ 72
HTTP/HTTPS Management ........................................................................................................................... 72
SSH Management .......................................................................................................................................... 73
Telnet Management ........................................................................................................................................ 73
Serial RS232 CLI Management (only for HW repair and troubleshooting) ..................................................... 74
SNMP Management ....................................................................................................................................... 75
Syslog Logging / System Events Monitoring .................................................................................................. 76
Iperf Performance Testing & Metering ............................................................................................................ 77
Maintenance Settings ............................................................................................................................. 78
General Settings ............................................................................................................................................ 78
Management Accounts and Password Settings ............................................................................................. 78
Administrator Profile ................................................................................................................................................ 79
Read-Only Profile ................................................................................................................................................... 79
Backup Profile ........................................................................................................................................................ 79
User Profile ............................................................................................................................................................. 79
Time and Date Settings .................................................................................................................................. 80
FW Upload Procedure (Upgrade / Downgrade) ............................................................................................. 81
Configuration Backup, Restore and Factory Default Settings ........................................................................ 83
Post Start-up Script Settings .......................................................................................................................... 85
Restart (Reboot) Command ........................................................................................................................... 86
Update/Store Configuration Settings ...................................................................................................... 87
Accessing the Command Line Interfaces ............................................................................................... 88
SSH Connection ............................................................................................................................................. 88

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TCP-IP Telnet Remote Connection ................................................................................................................ 88
Troubleshooting Tips & Special Wifless ESS Utilities ........................................................ 89
How to View/Get the Startup/Boot Sequence System Log ..................................................................... 89
How to Know the Radio Links Status ...................................................................................................... 90
Home Page Radio Interface Background Color Codes .................................................................................. 90
Radio Link Information ................................................................................................................................... 90
Reset to Factory Default and Restore the Backup Flash Configuration via MAC Address using the
LanReset tool .......................................................................................................................................... 92
LanReset for Windows XP ............................................................................................................................. 92
Reset to Factory Default ......................................................................................................................................... 93
Restore to Backup Flash Configuration ................................................................................................................... 93
LanReset for Linux ......................................................................................................................................... 94
Reset to Factory Default ......................................................................................................................................... 94
Restore to Backup Flash Configuration ................................................................................................................... 94
Main Useful CLI Commands ............................................................................................. 95
Save the Current and Backup Configurations ........................................................................................ 95
Reset of the Password of the Web Admin Account ................................................................................ 96
ResetWebPwd ............................................................................................................................................... 96
Get the System Inventory ....................................................................................................................... 96
Get the Operating System Version ......................................................................................................... 97
ps Command ........................................................................................................................................... 97
dmesg Command .................................................................................................................................... 98
logread Command .................................................................................................................................. 99
iwconfig and ifconfing Commands ........................................................................................................ 100
atop Command ...................................................................................................................................... 100
watch Command ................................................................................................................................... 101
Appendix A ...................................................................................................................... 102
Ethernet/PoE IP67 RJ 45 Connector Wiring Diagram ................................................................................... 102
Appendix B ..................................................................................................................... 104
Max RF Output Power as per Country Rules and Selected Antenna ........................................................... 104
Legal Notes for EU - ETSI Countries - Attention! ................................................................................................... 104
Legal Notes for USA & Canada - FCC Countries - Attention! ................................................................................ 104
Note Legali Specifiche per l'Italia - Attenzione! ...................................................................................................... 104
European Union Specific Basic ETSI Rules ................................................................................................. 104
ETSI Max RF Tx Power Calculation Formula for your Antenna .................................................................... 105
Normative Tecniche Specifiche per il Mercato Italiano (ETSI Italia) ............................................................. 105
Formula ETSI per il Calcolo della Potenza Max Applicabile in Antenna ....................................................... 105
Note Tecniche e Legali Importanti ......................................................................................................................... 105
Appendix C ..................................................................................................................... 106
Contacting the Wifless Support Team .......................................................................................................... 106
Appendix D ..................................................................................................................... 107
Product and Company Certifications ............................................................................................................ 107
CE Declaration of Conformity for Wifless ESS 125 and ESS 125S ........................................................................ 107
CE Declaration of Conformity for Wifless ESS 125-D ............................................................................................ 108
CE Declaration of Conformity for Wifless ESS 151 and ESS 151S ........................................................................ 109
CE Declaration of Conformity for Wifless WFL R108F25X(B) Radio Module ......................................................... 110
ETSI R&TTE 99-05 Certification for Wifless WFL R108F25X(B) Radio Module ..................................................... 111
Company ISO 9001 : Vision 2000 Certificate ........................................................................................................ 112
Appendix E ..................................................................................................................... 113
Waste Equipment Disposal Instruction ......................................................................................................... 113
Disposal of Waste Equipment by Users in Private Households in the European Union ......................................... 113
Smaltimento di apparecchiature da rottamare da parte di privati nell'Unione Europea ........................................... 113
Appendix F ...................................................................................................................... 114
Copyrights, Trademarks and Credits ............................................................................................................ 114
Copyrights ............................................................................................................................................................ 114
Trademarks .......................................................................................................................................................... 114
Appendix G ..................................................................................................................... 115
The Latin Sentences .................................................................................................................................... 115
ALEA IACTA EST ................................................................................................................................................. 115
FABER FORTVN ................................................................................................................................................ 115
User Notes ...................................................................................................................... 116


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Page 10 of 121
Wifless
ESS 1xx, ESS 1xxS and ESS 1xx-D Package Contents

1 x Wifless ESS 1xx or ESS 1xx-D Wireless Professional Outdoor CPE
1 x Wifless PoE Power Supply (model WFL EPOE02)
1 x European AC Power cable with Shucko plug
1 x Wifless WFL MK01 Mounting Kit
1 x Wifless ESS 1xx, ESS 1xxS and ESS 1xx-D Legal & Technical Short Guide and Certificate

In addition, in the main 10 pcs carton box is included
1 x Wifless ESS Family Documentation CD Rom

Using a power supply other than the Wifless PoE Power Suppl y (WFL EPOE02) included in your
package may damage the equipment and will void the product warranty.
Important Note
If you intend to use a thi rd party PoE Power Supply, make sure it is a PASSIVE PSE compliant with
the IEEE 802.3af/at wiring standard and that is capable of suppl ying a minimum of 0.3A at 48VDC.


Page 11 of 121
Introduction to the Wifless
ESS CPE Product Line

Detached, Single and Dual Band Integrated Antenna Wi-Fi/HiperLAN2 Outdoor
Professional Customer Premise Equipment
Essentia
is glad to present the Wifless
ESS CPE product line made by the Wifless
ESS 1xx, ESS 1xxS and ESS

1xx-D series, a new line of professional outdoor wireless customer premise equipment (CPE) for carrier class
WiFi/HiperLAN2 networks and applications in licensed and unlicensed bands. The whole CPE product line has been
designed to meet the most common needs of modern network applications and Internet Service Providers for MANs and
VoIP services.

Wifless
ESS 1xx, ESS 1xxS and ESS 1xx-D series employs a modular and upgradeable architecture based on
Infineon
Network Processors and a Mini-PCI RF module.

This architecture provides convenient access for upgrade of software (firmware and OS) and hardware (radio modules).

Sealed in an IP 67 (Stainless Steel or Nylon) rugged case and provided with a standard PoE powering system, the
Wifless
ESS 1xx are equipped with an Integrated high-gain antenna, while the Wifless
ESS 1xx-D are Detached

antenna devices. The device boasts extended temperature range, high MTBF, short MTTR, low power consumption and
is totally free of safety hazards or SAR-related risks.

The Essentia
Wifless
ESS 1xx, ESS 1xxS and ESS 1xx-D is a fully standards-compliant device compatible with all
most popular Access Points and Wireless Mesh Nodes. The device integrates RIP & OSPF IP Dynamic Routers, an
Advanced Firewall with Broadcast & Multicast filtering and a QoS & CoS Manager with a Bandwidth Manager. It
maximizes performance when used in conjunction with the Essentia
Wifless

ESS ProNODE AP / Mesh / Node
Carrier Class Equipment.

The Wifless
ESS CPE product line operates in the frequency bands range 2.2 GHz to 2.5 GHz and range 4.8 GHz to
6.1 GHz. Both the Atheros
SuperG/AG
(proprietary standard 108 Mbps) and the Atheros eXtended Range
(XR)
modes are supported.


Page 12 of 121
Overview of the Wifless
ESS 1xx, ESS 1xxS and ESS 1xx-D Series

The Essentia
Wifless
ESS 1xx / ESS 1xx-D is a carrier-class high-performance CPE equipped with a Dual Band
Radio operating on both ISM Unlicensed and Licensed Bands in the 2.2-2.5 and 4.8-6.1 GHz.
The Wifless
ESS 151 model is provided with a Single Band 5G Integrated Antenna, while the Wifless
ESS 125
model has a Dual Band Integrated Antenna, or without any antenna (ESS 125-D) for a better configuration flexibility.

The Wifless ESS CPE product line is a Full-Standard IEEE 802.11abgh versatile & interoperable device with
extensions for licensed bands. The Wifless ESS CPE is tailor-made for actual WISP & Wi-Fi VoIP applications in
urban and rural areas. Thanks to the exclusive High-Performance Wireless Multicast it is the best solution for the
emergent Triple-Play and Video-on-Demand services over reliable low-cost MAN and WAN radio networks.

The Wifless ESS ESS 1xx / ESS 1xx-D advanced technology can deliver the best performance even in environments
affected by severe spectral pollution. The Wifless ESS CPE complies with the IEEE 802.11 b/g and the IEEE 802.11
a/h Standard, operating in Time Division Duplex (TDD) mode, while has proprietary modes for the supported Licensed
Bands. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) modulation and Forward Error Correction (FEC) coding
are also used. The implemented state-of-the-art 64 FFTs OFDM technology provides strong insensitivity to multi-path
fading, thus making the Wifless ESS ESS 1xx / ESS 1xx-D suitable for use in near-line-of-sight environments or
non-line-of-sight (NLOS) environments. The device can also operate in the AtherosSuperG/AG Static & Dynamic
Turbo mode, eXtended Range (XR) mode, as well as in the Wifless Proprietary modes. As a result, an extremely
high capacity can be obtained at the greatest RF bandwidth, and the greatest receiver sensitivity can be obtained at the
lowest bandwidth. This gives Service Providers the opportunity to reach previously inaccessible areas, thus broadening
their subscriber population. The system features adaptive modulation for automatic selection of modulation schemes,
including BPSK, QPSK, 16-QAM and 64-QAM, to maximize data rate and improve spectral efficiency, and also
supports the legacy Baker DSSS & Walls CCK Standards of the early IEEE 802.11b.

When used within complex networks, the Wifless
ESS 1xx / ESS 1xx-D can provide internetworking capability with

the IEEE 802.11 abg protocols at Layer 1, as well as with Ethernet-Switched STP/RSTP at Layer 2, and also with RIP
and OSPF protocols at Layer 3. These features mean that multiple wireless networks from different vendors can be
internetworked at any Layer level.

Wherever allowed by the Radio Regulations, the Wifless ESS 1xx / ESS 1xx-D can perform 40/44 MHz-wide RF
channels, in the mode called SuperG/AG Turbo, capable of delivering a link throughput that is nearly twice as high as
that of a 20 MHz channel. The eXtended Range operating mode and the Wifless Proprietary mode enable RF
channels with small bandwidths down to 4 MHz. These features allow to double or even triple or quadruple link spans
and coverage areas. The Wifless ESS 1xx / ESS 1xx-D can support sensitive applications through advanced IEEE
802.11i & IEEE 802.1x authentications, PPPoE connection encapsulation and strong data encryption based on WPA2,
TKIP or AES algorithms, with key lengths up to 256 bits. In compliance with the IEEE 802.1q-2005 standard the
system delivers precise QoS and CoS as requested, and fully supports both simple VLAN and complex QinQ VLAN,
ensuring high-quality services and maximum security.

The device supports a large variety of predefined operating modes, allowed by the Local Country Radio Regulatory.
However, the operable frequencies, as well as other RF parameters, can be refined according to the applicable radio
regulations and specific deployment considerations.
The Wifless ESS 1xx / ESS 1xx-D system can be managed via standard tools, such as HTTP browsers, SSH and
Telnet Command Line Interface, as well as through MIB-based SNMP browsers for remote control and administration.


Page 13 of 121
System Components and Technical Specifications

The Wifless ESS 1xx / ESSS 1xx-D equipment consists of a radio Outdoor Unit (ODU) and a Wifless
WFL EPO02
Power-over-Ethernet (PoE) power supply (Indoor Unit, or IDU).

The IDU interfaces with your Customer Premises Equipment (CPE) to supply and receive data through a standard RJ 45
port in accordance with the IEEE 802.3u Fast-Ethernet 10/100BaseTX protocol. The IDU can be powered by 100 VAC
to 240 VAC mains (from 50 to 60 Hz).
The IDU connects to the ODU through an outdoor-category 5+STP cable to carry Ethernet data, supply 48 VDC
power, and transfer control for system management.

The ODU includes a system NPU (specialized Network Processors) and a radio module.

Figure 1 Wifless EPOE02
IEEE 802.3af PASSIVE
PoE Power Suppl y (IDU)
(Front view on top)

Figure 2 - Wifless ESS 151 Outdoor Unit (ODU)

Figure 3 - Wifless ESS 125 Outdoor Unit (ODU)

Figure 4 - Wifless ESS 125-D Outdoor Unit (ODU)

Essentia
Wifless ESS 1xx, ESS 1xxS and ESS 1xx-D Hardware Features and
Specifications
Please refer to the products datasheets.

Page 14 of 121
Essentia
OpenWifless
ESS CPE Operating System Main Features

Main Wireless Features:
Worldwide Atheros Radio Regulatory Country Codes
NLOS (Non Line of Sight / Near Line of Sight) Capability in IEEE 802.11a/h mode (OFDM Modulation)
IEEE 802.11 Standard Infrastructure operational mode
Flexible L2 Ethernet Switch and L3 IP Router operation modes:
o Bridged/Routed Client Only (No Access Point features)
STP/RSTP capability
High Efficiency 2.4 GHz IEEE 802.11g Pure G mode
High Speed 108 Mbps in SuperAG Dynamic and Static Turbo mode
o Full parameters fine tunable
High Range Atheros eXtended Range mode
Extended Channel Atheros XChan mode
BSSID advanced capability
IEEE 802.11d Country Regulatory Domain Roaming
IEEE 802.11e QoS and CoS (Wireless MultiMedia Standard)
o Full Tunable Fine Parameters option
Static IEEE 802.11 WEP encryption capability with keys of 64/128/152 bits and with non standard length
WEP keys (Proprietary implementation for additional security)
Dynamic IEEE 802.11 WEP encryption capability with 802.1x protocol
IEEE 802.11i compliant WPA/WPA2 based on TKIP/AES with PSK/EAP encryption capability with keys up
to 152 bits
o WPA/WPA2 full parameters fine tunable

General Networking Features (Wireless and Wireline):
Flexible L2 Ethernet Switch:
o IEEE 802.1d Spanning Tree Protocol compliant
o IEEE 802.1w Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol compliant
Advanced L3 TCP-IP Full Featured Router:
o Static TCP-IP Router
o RIP1 RFC 1058 & RIP2 RFC 2453
o OSPF v2 RFC 2328
o
o Advanced Policy Router
Extended Firewall with NAT capabilities:
o Conditional Firewall with Priority Policy and Configurable NAT
o Independent Traffic Flow Policy Filtering
o Virtual Server (NAT inbound server)
L3-L4 Bandwidth Manager with Traffic Shaper and Multiple Queues capability (Limited performance)
IEEE 802.1Q-2005 VLAN capability and Interface Isolation (Limited performance)
IEEE 802.1Q-2005 QoS and CoS Standard capability (including IEEE 802.1p) (Limited performance)
VPN Transparent (Pass-Through) capability
GRE Tunnel Protocol Capability RFC 1701
Extended DHCP Client/Server/Relay Capability
IEEE 802.1x Standard Client RADIUS compliant with EAP protocols and TKIP/AES encryption
o EAP-PEAP, EAP-TLS and EAP-TTLS supported with
MSCHAPV2
MD5
OTP
GTC
PPPoE Client
NTP Network Time Protocol v3 RFC 1305
SNTP Simple Network Time Protocol v4 RFC 2030


Page 15 of 121
Key Management Features:
Remote firmware update and upgrade via TFTP integrated client
Remote device configuration backup and restore
o Unique TXT format Configuration File for easy off-line setup and replication onto multiple devices
Complete remote system administration:
o via SSH / Telnet CLI (Command Line Interface)
o via web base (HTTP/ HTTPS) GUI (Graphic User Interface)
o via SNMP MNG tools
SNMP Public and Private MIBs for Full Remote Control and Monitoring
o Integrated advanced SNMP V1, V2 and SNMP V3 Agents
Monitoring and Diagnostics integrated tools:
o Iperf performance metering version 2.0.2
o Syslog service
o Activity metering for each Logical Interface
o System Status Resource Metering & Monitoring
CPU, Memory, Flash Disk usage
IRQ rate
Physical Interfaces statistics
Main Supervisoring Supported tools:
o NeaNMS Suite (Linux based)
o OpenNMS (Linux OpenSource Project)
o CastleRock SNMPc Enterprise and Workgroup (SNMPc)
o Hewlet-Packard OpenView (HPOV)


Page 16 of 121
Approved Antennas
1
The following table is the only one complete list of the approved antennas that can be used along with the Wifless ESS
1xx-D devices in accordance with the current EU ETSI rules.

Mnemonic Code EAN13 Code Description
WFL COA 24-10 8033171940198 Wifless Pro-Outdoor 8 dBi Omni Collinear Antenna 2.4-2.5 GHz
WFL PPA 24-13 8033171940501 Wifless Pro-Outdoor 13 dBi 90 Sectoral Patch Antenna 2.4-2.5 GHz
WFL PPA 24-17 8033171940174 Wifless Pro-Outdoor 16 dBi Patch Antenna 2.3-2.7 GHz
WFL COA 56-10 8033171940150 Wifless Pro-Outdoor 9 dBi Omni Collinear Antenna 5.4-6.0 GHz
WFL PPA 56-15H 8033171940419 Wifless Pro-Outdoor 15 dBi 120 Sectoral, Horizontal Polarization,
Patch Antenna 5.1-6.1 GHz
WFL PPA 56-16H 8033171940426 Wifless Pro-Outdoor 17 dBi 90 Sectoral, Horizontal Polarization, Patch
Antenna 4.9-6.1 GHz
WFL PPA 56-17H 8033171940433 Wifless Pro-Outdoor 16 dBi 60 Sectoral, Horizontal Polarization, Patch
Antenna 5.1-6.1 GHz
WFL PPA 56-23D 8033171940808 Wifless Pro-Outdoor 23 dBi Patch Dual Polarization Antenna 5.1-5.85
GHz
WFL SDA 56-29D 8033171940754 Wifless Pro-Outdoor 29 dBi Solid Dish 60 cm Dual Polarization Antenna
4.9-6.1 GHz. Including mounting kit for pole of 50 to 75 mm of diameter
WFL SDA 56-32D 8033171940099 Wifless Pro-Outdoor 32 dBi Solid Dish 90 cm Dual Polarization Antenna
4.9-6.1 GHz. Including mounting kit for pole of 70 to 110 mm of diameter.
WFL SDA 56-34D 8033171940679 Wifless Pro-Outdoor 34 dBi Solid Dish 120 cm Dual Polarization
Antenna 4.9-6.1 GHz. Including mounting kit for pole of 90 to 150 mm of
diameter.
WFL SDA 56-36 8033171940686 Wifless Pro-Outdoor 36 dBi Solid Dish 150 cm Antenna 5.15-5.85 GHz
For more details refer to the products datasheets.

The use of antennas other than the above listed, or expressly certified by Essentia, will void the products EU
certificates of compliances.

In order to maintain the Essentia EU Declaration of Conformity valid and to act in accordance with the EU Directive
R&TTE 1999/05/CE and with the EU Decision 2005/513/CE, you must:
Important Notes on Conformity
Use genuine Essentia Wifless approved antennas only;
Use genuine Essentia Wifless approved RF cable kits;
Select the Radio Country Code in accordance with your Local Country Area Rules.

1
Not included in Wifless ESS 1xx-D standard package.

Page 17 of 121
Approved RF Cables for Antenna Interconnection
The following table is the only one complete list of the approved cables that can be used along with the Wifless ESS
1xx-D devices in accordance with the current EU ETSI rules.

Mnemonic Code EAN13 Code Description
WFL SNRF01 8033171940372 Wifless RF Antenna Cable Kit, 1m cable with 1x R-SMA(M) +1x
N(M) connectors for NODE and CPE devices
Typical Insertion Loss in the 2.4-2.5 GHz Band: 0.75 dB
WFL SNRF02 8033171940389 Wifless RF Antenna Cable Kit, 2m cable with 1x R-SMA(M) +1x
N(M) connectors for NODE and CPE devices
For more details refer to the products datasheets.

The use of cables other than the above listed, or expressly certified by Essentia, will void the products EU certificates
of compliances.



Page 18 of 121
Guidelines on Installation
The installation of outdoor equipment should ONLY be performed by experienced installation professionals who are
familiar with the local building and safety codes. Wherever applicable, make sure that operation is carried out by
engineers in possession of a license released by the appropriate government regulatory authorities.
Failure to do so may void the product warranty and may expose both end users and Service Providers to legal and
financial liabilities. Essentia and its resellers or distributors are not liable for injury, damage or regulation violations
associated with the installation of outdoor units or antennas.

Select the optimal locations for your equipment using the following guidelines:
You can mount your ODU either on a pole or on a wall. Choose a location so that only qualified professionals
can easily access your ODU for installation and tests.
As a rule, the higher you place your antenna, the better the performance of your radio link. This may not apply
to NLOS propagation in urban areas: in such cases, try to move your antenna laterally to achieve the best
performance.
Mark the position where your indoor-to-outdoor cables enter the building and install your IDU in the nearest
position available. Make sure that your IDU can be conveniently connected to a power outlet and to your CPE.
We recommend that you ground your ODU to the nearest building grounding connector. Check the local safety
code of your country and your building for proper protectors installation.

In addition, for the installation of the Wifless ESS 1xx-D only:
Install the Wifless ESS 1xx-D ODU as close to your antenna as possible.
We recommend the installation of high-quality gas-type protectors against electrical surges and lightning for
the installed antenna. Check the local safety code of your country and of your building for proper protectors
installation.


Page 19 of 121
Hardware Setup and Basic Knowledge
Before you take any action on your Wifless ESS CPE device, we recommend that you become familiar with the system
and its applications. Under no circumstances the ODU case should be opened. Failure to do so will result in the
immediate loss of your IP 67 Dust & Water Protection as well as in the loss of your Product Warranty.

Wifless ESS 1xx, ESS 1xxS and ESS 1xx-D Ethernet Connector
As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, the ODU of the Wifless ESS 1xx, ESS 1xxS and ESS 1xx-D, has special IP 67 rated
cable clamp, proof against dust and water, to protect the standard RJ 45 Ethernet connector.

Figure 5 Ethernet connector in the Wifless ESS 151 ODU

Figure 6 Ethernet connector in the Wifless ESS 125 and ESS 125-D ODUs

Fast-Ethernet port must be used to power the ODU via Power-over.-Ethernet (PoE) supplies. See important note below.

Ethernet 0 (ETH0 Port): This is the only available Ethernet port of the ODU and it used also for connecting the PoE
power supply to the ODU.
Ethernet 0 Connector (ETH0 port)

Page 20 of 121
Wifless EPOE02 Power-over-Ethernet Power Supply and Connectors
As shown in Figure 7, the IDU PoE Power Supply unit has built-in standard connectors. The LAN+DC & LAN ports
comply with the Ethernet RJ -45 Standard, whereas the Main Line power connector complies with the IEC 320-C14
Standard commonly used.

Figure 7 - PoE (IDU) power suppl y. Front view on top

Here is a description of each port of the PoE IDU:
AC IN Port: This IEC 320-C14 port is used for connecting the unit to the AC main power line.
LAN+DC Port: This RJ -45 Fast-Ethernet port is PoE IEEE 802.3af PASSIVE compliant and it is used for connecting
the IDU to the ODU. Electrical power and Ethernet data are supplied to the ODU through this port. Make sure your
indoor-to-outdoor cable meets the requirements specified below in this document.
LAN Port: This standard Fast-Ethernet port (with PoE isolation) is used to connect the Wifless ESS CPE device system
either to a LAN or to a PC through an Ethernet cross-over cable or a straight-through cable.

Important Notes
Use an AC power cord approved by your country safety code with grounded tips and connect to a
power outlet properl y grounded. Do not open the PoE power suppl y! Risk of electric hazard!
If you intend to use a PoE power supply other than the one originally provi ded, make sure that your
alternative PoE is a PASSIVE compliant with the IEEE 802.3af/at cabling standard and that can deliver
0.3A at 48 VDC. Failure to do so may damage the equipment and will void the product warranty.
110/240 VAC Main Line IEC 320-C14 connector
Green Main Power LED Ethernet + PoE Power Port Onl y for ODU connection

Ethernet onl y Port to local standard LAN or PC

Page 21 of 121
Wifless ESS 1xx-D RF Antenna Connector
As shown in Figure 8, in the case of a Wifless ESS 125-D device, the ODU is equipped with an high-quality IP 68 rated
R-SMA(F)-type RF connectors proof against dust and water. This RF R-SMA(F) antenna connector enables operations
up to 6 GHz and is commonly referred to as the RF Connector.

Figure 8 - Wifless ESS 1xx-D (ODU) RF R-SMA-type connector

The RF R-SMA(F) connector (port) is connected to a radio module compliant with standards IEEE 802.11 b/g and
IEEE 802.11 a/h.

Important Notes
Do not appl y any electrical signal (DC, AC, or RF) exceeding the power of -30 dBm to the RF
connectors of your ODU. This will damage the system and will void the product warranty. The
installation of GAS or L/4 RF Lightning Arrestors and Surge Protectors next to the RF connector i s
strongl y recommended. Check the local safety codes of your country and building.
Antenna RF R-SMA(F) Connector

Page 22 of 121
Mounting the Wireless ESS CPE ODU
Ensure that all antennas and supporting structures are properly installed to eliminate any physical hazard to either
people or property. Make sure that the installation of the outdoor unit, antenna and cables is performed in accordance
with all relevant national and local building and safety codes. Even where grounding is not mandatory according to
applicable regulation and national codes, it is highly recommended to ensure that the outdoor unit and the antenna mast
(when using external antenna) are grounded and suitable lightning protection devices are used so as to provide
protection against voltage surges and static charges. In any event, Essentia will not be liable for any injury, damage or
regulation violations associated with or caused by installation, grounding or lightning protection.

Important Note
The following examples of installation show how to use the mounting kit Wifless MK01 supplied
within the package of your Wifless ESS 125 and ESS 125-D, and how to use the mounting kit Wifless
MK02 supplied within the package of your Wifless ESS 151. You can mount your ODU either on a
pole or on a wall. If the mounting kit is not adequate for the diameter of the pole or the surface of the
wall, evaluate to use one of the others Wifless Mounting Kit available and make sure that your ODU is
securel y attached in accordance with the local safety codes of your country and building.

Standard Mounting Kits for the Wifless ESS 125 / 125S / 125-D and ESS 151 / 151S CPE
Each Wifless ESS CPE is equipped with a Wifless MK01 or MK02 standard pole mounting kit as shown in Figure 9
and in Figure 10.

The Wifless MK01, in Figure 9, is the standard pole mounting kit for the Wifless ESS 125, ESS 125S and ESS 125-D
CPE and it is suited for poles with up to 60 mm in diameter. This mounting kit does not provide tilt adjustment because
it is a smart polarization quick mount type that allows for pre-installation and does not require to be dismounted for
polarization change (take care to pre-install the parts as shown in Figure 9).
If tilt adjustment is needed, it is suggested to use the optional Wifless MK03 mounting kit that provides Azimuth and
Elevation (tilt) adjustment.

The Wifless MK02, in Figure 10, is the standard pole mounting kit for the Wifless ESS 151 and ESS 151S CPE and it is
suited for poles with up to 55 mm in diameter and it is also capable of tilt adjustment.

Figure 9 Wifless MK01 Mounting Kit view

Figure 10 Wifless MK02 Mounting Kit view


Page 23 of 121
Pole-Mounting the Wifless ESS 151 and ESS 151S CPE
In accordance with the needed polarization, fix your Wifless ESS 151 and ESS 151S ODU to a pole as shown in Figure
11 and in Figure 12.

Figure 11 - Vertical Polarization (Rear view)

Figure 12 - Horizontal Polarization (Rear view)

Pole-Mounting the Wifless ESS 125 and ESS 125S CPE
In accordance with the needed polarization, fix your Wifless ESS 125 and ESS 125S ODU to a pole as shown in Figure
13 and in Figure 14.

Figure 13 - Vertical Polarization (Rear view)

Figure 14 - Horizontal Polarization (Rear View)


Page 24 of 121
Pole-Mounting the Wifless ESS 125-D CPE
Always fix your Wifless ESS 125-D ODU to a pole as shown in Figure 15.

Figure 15 Mandatory Position - Rear View
Attention!

Do not rotate the ESS 125-D
to maintain the
IP 67 Water & Dust protection!

The plastic cover of the Wifless ESS 125-D ODU is a slide-in part with its bottom side open, so, for a better water and
dust protection and to maintain the IP67 specification, do not rotate the ODU. Be sure that the open side of the cover
stays at the bottom.

Wall-Mounting
To correctly fix your Wifless CPE ODU to a wall, is kindly suggested to use the mounting kit Wifless MK05 using
proper nogs for the targeted wall (not parts of the standard provided mounting kit).

Connecting the Antenna Cable to the Wifless ESS 125-D ODU
External antennas connect to your ODU through the R-SMA(F) RF connector shown in Figure 16.

Figure 16 - RF Connectors of the Wifless ESS 125-D

To connect an antenna to your ODU, follow the instructions listed below:
1) Use a coaxial RF cable of the right type and length in accordance with the specifications of the antenna and the
frequency band being used. We recommend that you use Wifless-approved cable kits to preserve the ETSI and
FCC Approvals as well as your product warranty. The use of poor quality cables may damage the equipment
and void the product warranty.
2) Fasten the R-SMA(M) end of your cable onto the RF connector in your ODU.
3) Fasten the other end of your cable onto the RF connector of the antenna.
4) Protect all the connectors being used against rain and moisture with a high-quality sealing tape for outdoor use.


Page 25 of 121
Connecting the Indoor-to-Outdoor Cable to the ODU and IDU
To connect your IDU to your ODU, use a high-quality FTP CAT 5 cable approved for outdoor use. Your cable must not
exceed 90 meters in length and must comply with the EIA/TIA PoE LAN Ethernet Cabling Standard. Wifless-approved
indoor-to-outdoor cables are strongly recommended. If you need to make an indoor-to-outdoor cable of your own,
follow the instructions listed below:
1) Wire one end of your cable into an RJ -45 FTP CAT 5 connector according to the instructions in Appendix A
Ethernet/PoE IP67 RJ 45 Connector Wiring Diagram.
2) Fasten the RJ -45 FTP CAT 5 connector of your cable onto the Ethernet connector of your ODU.
3) Route the cable to the location selected for your IDU in accordance with the EIA/TIA-PoE LAN Ethernet
Cabling Rules and in accordance with all the local safety codes of your country and building.
4) Cut your cable to the appropriate length and wire the end into an RJ -45 FTP CAT 5 connector as described in
Appendix A Ethernet/PoE IP67 RJ 45 Connector Wiring Diagram. Use a protective cover.
You can now proceed to install your IDU (PoE injector).

Important Note
The Wifless ESS CPE ODU is equipped with a special IP 67 rated cable clamp, proof against dust and
water, to protect the standard RJ45 Ethernet connector.

In order to guaranty the ODU IP 67 Water & Dust rating, it is mandatory to use one of the Wifless
custom IDU-ODU cable ki ts model WFL EFTPxx.

In the case you use a different IDU-ODU Cat-5 FTP cable, be sure to use outdoor approved cable with
the outer diameter greater than or equal to 7.3 mm.


Page 26 of 121
Installing the Wifless PoE Power Supply IDU
You must place your Wifless EPOE02 IDU on a flat surface, i.e. a desktop or a shelf. The IDU supplied with the
equipment is for indoor use only.

The IDU has no on-off switch. Once you have connected the IDU to the ODU and plugged the AC cord into a power
socket, your IDU will start powering the system performing a Power-On Self-Test (POST). Use AC power cords
approved by your country and grounded power outlets in accordance with your local safety codes.

If you need to customize your AC power cord, see Table 1 below:

Electric: Color: Symbol:
Phase Brown
~
Neutral Blue 0
Ground Yellow/Green or
Table 1 - AC Power Cord Standard Color Codes

To start up your Wifless ESS CPE device system, follow the instructions listed below:
1) Plug the RJ -45 connector of your indoor-to-outdoor cable into the LAN+DC port of your IDU.
2) Plug the proper end of your power cord into the IEC 320-C14 jack of your IDU and the other end into an AC
socket supplying 100-240 VAC at 50-60 Hz.
3) Verify that the green POWER LED on the right-hand side on the IDU front panel remains constantly
illuminated (no blinking). This means that AC power is being supplied to your IDU.
4) Configure the basic system parameters as described in the next section.
5) Connect your IDU to your LAN or to a PC. To do so, you need to plug one end of an Ethernet cable into the
LAN RJ -45 10/100BaseTX port of your IDU, and plug the other end either into a LAN port of your main
network device (i.e.: switch, router or firewall) or into the NIC port of your PC. The Wifless ESS CPE device
equipment features auto MDI/MDI X capability that detects the type of Ethernet port being connected to the
DATA OUT port and configures the latter accordingly. However, we recommend that you use an Ethernet
CAT 5 UTP cable of the proper type: use a straight-through cable when connecting your IDU either to a hub, a
switch, or a router; use a cross-over cable when connecting your IDU to the NIC (Network Interface Card) of a
PC.

To reboot your Wifless ESS CPE device, disconnect either the AC power cord or the indoor-to-outdoor cable from your
IDU and wait at least 5 seconds before you plug the cable in again.

Important Note
Always use grounded power outlets and power cords with grounded tips approved by your country
regulations. Do not connect any PC or LAN device to your IDU through the LAN+DC port: the DC
power supplied through this port may damage the external device connected.
The indoor cable connecting the IDU to the first LAN device and the indoor-to-outdoor cable
connecting the IDU to the ODU must not exceed the aggregate length of 100 meters to be compliant
with the EIA/TIA.

Page 27 of 121
Overview of the Essentia Wifless
Open Platform
Wifless
stands for Wireless & Wireline Flexibility by Essentia. This is the brand name for all the Essentia Carrier
Class products based on the True Open Platform Philosophy described in this section.

Wifless
is a completely Open Carrier Class Integrated Platform ranging from Wireless to Wireline technologies. The
Wifless
products are Open Systems based on Standard low-cost hardware and software oriented towards TCP-IP
services, SIP-based VoIP, Video Streaming and VoD technologies.

The Wifless ESS CPE product line has been designed to implement a fully-standard hardware platform for all modern
Wireless embedded operating systems universally accepted. Users are encouraged to fine-tune the system to suit their
specific technical requirements and fully develop their proprietary solutions.

The OpenWifless
ESS CPE Wireless Operating System

All the devices belonging to the Wifless
ESS CPE product line use the same operating system OpenWifless
ESS
CPE: a high-performance embedded operating system based on Linux kernel 2.6.
OpenWifless
ESS CPE has been specially designed for the Essentia ESS 1X1 ADM5120 platform to bring out
optimum performance in conjunction with all the peripheral modules employed by the Wifless ESS 1xx, ESS 1xxS and
ESS 1xx-D wireless series. As a result, OpenWifless
users can obtain the best consistency of performance across the

whole range of Wifless
ESS products being deployed. In addition, the utilization of the same release of OpenWifless

ESS CPE across the whole systems ensures homogeneous provisioning along with the most user-friendly upgrades and
maintenance procedures.

By default, the Wifless ESS CPE devices are powered by the OpenWifless
ESS CPE operating system. However,

users can switch to other embedded Linux-based operating systems such as OpenWRT, or choose to install completely
different OS platforms like WindRiver VxWorks and Microsoft Windows CE/Mobile.
The Wifless Open Platform has been specially designed to support this large variety of operating systems so that users
can conveniently upgrade their system anytime.

Capabilities and Performances of the OpenWifless ESS CPE
Because OpenWifless
ESS CPE has been implemented onto a Linux 2.6 kernel, its main capabilities are the same as
those of Linux 2.6 standard distributions. However, in order to improve the overall system performance and reliability,
the Essentia
OpenWifless
Development Team, together with other independent licensed parties, have enhanced the
OS with dedicated HALs and drivers, and added new kernel portions. For this reason, OpenWifless
is not an Open-
Source project.

Capabilities and performance are only limited by the hardware resources available in the system, along with its custom
configuration and adjustment. OpenWifless
ESS CPE OS is a completely open system which features a re-writeable

J FFS2 file system. Therefore, skilled Linux users are allowed to access the file system, the system kernel and its
applications in order to develop and run new applications of their own within OpenWifless
ESS CPE OS, in the same

way which is allowed by standard Linux distributions. For this reason, OpenWifless
ESS CPE OS is an Open

Platform.


Page 28 of 121
Supported Radius Protocols and Attributes by the OpenWifless ESS CPE
The OpenWifless
ESS CPE, when configured to work as Radius Client being connected to a Wifless ESS ProNODE
Access Point, supports the most useful Essentia proprietary and IEEE draft-proposed advanced WISPr attributes to have
Class of Service dynamic configuration and an optimized RF spectrum usage.

To ensure the right interoperability among the majority of the Radius Clients with standard Radius Server implementing
AAA operations on a wireless network, as per the best practices suggested by the Wi-Fi Alliance (http://www. wi-
fi.org), the following Radius attributes and parameters are implemented (or will be implemented in future OpenWifless
ESS CPE operating system release):

EAP3 Main Supported Protocols
EAP-TLS
EAP-TTLS/MSCHAPv2
PEAP/EAP-MSCHAPv2
PEAP/EAP-MD5
PEAP/EAP-GTC
EAP-SIM
EAP-LEAP

Authentication Authorization & Accounting Attributes
WISPr-Bandwidth-Max-Down: max download bandwidth allowed
WISPr-Bandwidth-Max-Up: max upload bandwidth allowed
WISPr-Bandwidth-Min-Down: min download bandwidth
WISPr-Bandwidth-Min-Up: min upload bandwidth
WISPr-Redirection-URL: probably unused (transparent to NAS)
WISPr-Logoff-URL: probably unused (transparent to NAS)
WISPr-Billing-Class-Of-Service: service class for billing (transparent to NAS)
WISPr-Location-Name: location name of access point (transparent to NAS)
WISPr-Location-ID: unique identifier of the access point location (transparent to NAS)

Essentia Private Attributes
Essentia-System-Time: private network system time (usually set in accordance with the local real time clock)
Essentia-Reply-Message: generic accounting client specific message
Essentia-Max-Input-Octets: client max down-loadable traffic in kB
Essentia-Max-Output-Octets: client max up-loadable traffic in kB
Essentia-Max-Total-Octets: client max total (up +down) traffic in kB

Essentia-System-Time
It is the current Radius server UTC time in UNIX timestamp format. It is sent by the Radius server to the NAS in the
Access-Accept reply. When the NAS receives this attribute it synchronizes its real time clock to this time value.
If the authenticated CPE/client is an Essentia Wifless ESS device, it also receives this attribute from the NAS during the
authentication and its real time clock is synchronized in accordance with it.

Essentia-Repl y-Message
It can be included in the Access-Accept message by the Radius server for generic purpose applications.
The NAS temporary records this client specific char-string message for each authenticated and active clients. The NAS
takes care to send the proper char-string message to the Radius server along with the relative client accounting
messages.

Essentia-Max-Input-Octets, Essentia-Max-Output-Octets, Essenti a-Max-Total-Octets
These attributes, mainly used for pre-paid accounts, specify in kB the maximum allowed amounts of data sent, received,
or total sum of both, by the client. It is sent by the Radius server in the Access-Accept response. The client traffic
amounts are accounted by the NAS every interim update interval and forwarded to the Radius server that should take
care to update these attributes promptly. When at least one of these attributes is specified, the NAS will disconnect the
client as it exceeds the maximum allowed values of one of the attributes.
If the authenticating client credit is over (it means that at least one of the specified attributes reached the Zero value),
during the client authentication the Radius sends to the NAS a Zero valued attribute to avoid the client to be connected.


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Essentia Wifless ESS 1xx, ESS 1xxS and ESS 1xx-D Setup &
Commissioning
Once you have installed the equipment as described in the previous chapter, you must set a few basic parameters for the
system to operate correctly.

Your Wifless ESS 1xx, ESS 1xxS and ESS 1xx-D is fitted with one single radio interface and one single Fast-Ethernet
interface: they can be either managed separately or bridged together as switch group.
The Wifless ESS 1xx, ESS 1xxS and ESS 1xx-D can fully manage the data traffic in and out of these interfaces. The
only restrictions are due to the standard protocols and hardware being used. Each interface port can be configured to act
as a simple L2 port or as a more advanced L3 TCP-IP port.

A default configuration of the system basic parameters is burnt in at the factory (Factory Default Configuration) and
automatically loaded during the first system boot.
All the system key parameters can be set remotely via SSH CLI or via the user-friendly HTTP/HTTPS GUI. The use of
a standard web browser enables the user to upload pre-set configuration files off line, and to restore backed-up
configurations.

To set up the basic parameters of the system efficiently, you need to use a PC with either Windows, Macintosh, or
Linux, an Ethernet NIC card with TCP-IP stack, and you need to have a browser such as Internet Explorer 6.x, Netscape
Navigator 7.x, or above.

Prerequisites for Operation
The Essentia Wifless ESS CPE device is capable of delivering state-of-the-art performances in every possible scenario.
In order to make the most out of the equipment, we recommended that it only be installed and operated by professionals
who are proficient in Ethernet LANs, TCP-IP and IEEE 802.11 protocols, RF hardware and RF signal propagation.
However, this Basic System Manual is intended for all the individuals who will be dealing with the setup of the system
in simple topology networks.

If you need more advanced support in deploying your Wifless ESS CPE device in complex topology networks, we
recommend that you contact your local reseller or the Wifless Support Team as described in Appendix Contacting the
Wifless Support Team.


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Log into your Wifless ESS 1xx, ESS 1xxS and ESS 1xx-D
We recommend that you use a PC with Windows XP and Internet Explorer 6.0 (or a higher version) installed. Follow
the instructions listed below:
1) Connect the Ethernet port of your PC to the DATA IN port of the PoE IDU and verify that the Ethernet
physical connection is active on your PC. From Windows, either run ipconfig on the Command Prompt
Interface or check Network Resources > LAN Connection > Status.
2) Remember to disable Internet Access via proxy server. From Windows, go to Control Panel > Internet
Options > Connections > LAN Settings and uncheck the enable box.
3) Set a local static IP address within subnet 192.168.2.0/24 for your PC. We recommend static IP address
192.168.2.1 and Mask 255.255.255.0.
4) Start your preferred web browser program and browse URL http://192.168.2.100 (default IP address of any
Wifless ESS CPE device). You will get a screen like in Figure 17:

Figure 17 Default IP Address
Note: 192.168.2.100 is the burnt-in default IP address of the ETH0 port of the Wifless ESS CPE device. If you assign a different
IP address to your Wifless ESS 1xx, ESS 1xxS and ESS 1xx-D, make sure that it belongs to the same subnet class of your PC.

5) You will be prompted for your User ID and password as in Figure 18:

Figure 18 Wifless ESS 125S Login Page

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Login as Administrator
Type admin in the User box and type default in the Password box. Press the Enter key or click on the Login
button.

If you have changed your password or your user name, type in your latest valid password and user name.

A successful login will result in the OpenWifless ESS CPE Homepage being displayed as in Figure 19:

Figure 19 Wifless ESS 125S Home page

Only one physical interface is defined by default, namely the Fast-Ethernet port Ethernet 0 of the ODU.
Three information panes are displayed in the Homepage window:
Wireless Information: Information about radio links/sectors is reported in this panel. It is initially empty, as no Wireless Interfaces
have been defined yet.
Scanning Information: Information about Access Points in the Wifless ESS CPE device range. It is initially empty, as no Wireless
Interfaces have been defined yet.
Ethernet Interfaces: Information about Ethernet links is reported in this panel. By default, it displays the IP and MAC addresses of
the workstation being used to access the Wifless ESS CPE device and of the other devices that have had a connection to during the
last minutes (during the last refresh interval of the ARP MAC table).

In the top right-hand corner of the homepage are the following information:
Model Name & Hardware Revision: Wifless CPE device Product Name & Hardware Revision
Firmware Version: OpenWifless ESS CPE OS version
PID-Serial Number: Extended format Wifless CPE device Product ID with Serial Number
Ethernet MACs: Essentia ETH0 and ETH1 MAC addresses (ETH1 is an internal port only, not accessible by the user)
Wireless MAC: Essentia WRL0 MAC address

In the top left-hand corner of the homepage are the following information:
Hostname: Wifless CPE device Hostname. The default is Wifless_ESS_modelname.wifless.com
Date & Time: Wifless CPE device Date & Time
Uptime: Wifless CPE device Uptime since last reset


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Login as Read-Onl y Supervisor
Type readonly in the User box and type default in the Password box. Press the Enter key or click on the Login
button.

In Read-Only mode, you are not allowed to modify any parameters as displayed in Figure 20 referring to the
Ethernet interface Ethernet0:

Figure 20 Read-Onl y Access

Login as User
Type user in the User box and type default in the Password box. Press the Enter key or click on the Login button.

In User mode, you are allowed to modify only few parameters as shown in Figure 21 for the Interfaces menu:

Figure 21 User Access
With the User account your can provision/configure the following parameters and features:
Ethernet interface, including:
o VLAN features
o DHCP Server/Relay
o IP Alias
o L2-L3-L4 bandwidth management
o QoS features
Firewall
o on the Ethernet interfaces
o on the Wireless interfaces having the User Access enabled by the Administrator
User account password
Backup of the configuration
Software reboot of the device


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Login as Backup Operator
Type backup in the User box and type default in the Password box. Press the Enter key or click on the Login
button.
If you have changed your password or your user name, type in your latest valid password and user name

A successful login will result in the OpenWifless Homepage being displayed as in Figure 22:

Figure 22 Backup Access
In this Backup User mode, you are only allowed to save the current configuration of your system. See section
Configuration Backup, Restore and Factory Default Settings for more details.


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Setup of Physical Interfaces
As previously described, the Wifless ESS CPE device comes with two independent physical interfaces but only one is
accessible by the user, the Ethernet 0 (Ethernet 1 is internal to the system for future architecture expansion).

For a physical interface to be correctly operated, it must be initialized and mapped at least on a logical interface. You
will manage the physical interface by accessing the logical interface previously associated.
The Fast-Ethernet physical interface of the ODU is pre-defined and initialized by default. This physical interface,
labelled as Ethernet, is associated with logical interface Ethernet0 in order to provide user-friendly access on initial
setup.
By default, Ethernet0 has IP address 192.168.2.100/24 on setup.

On first-time start-up, none of Wireless Physical Interface is defined so as not to create any unwanted interference to
other wireless equipment, in accordance with the FCC and ETSI regulations to minimize RF pollution.

Important Note
Accidental del etion or misconfiguration of the ETH0 Logical Interface may l ead the system to an
inaccessibl e state (i.e.: ETH0 configured in loop-back mode).
Make sure that the Logical Interface has been assigned a static IP address which is always
accessibl e by the PC provisioning your Wifless ESS CPE device.

Setup of General System Hardware parameters
To set General System Hardware parameters, , follow the instructions listed below:

Figure 23 General System Hardware settings
1) In the OpenWifless main window, open Devices menu on the left hand-side menu.
2) In the left hand-side pane, click on System menu
3) Set PCI Latency Time, the maximum time allowed for a PCI device to be as a PCI BUS master (in PCI
clocks).
4) Enable the option Watchdog to enable software watchdog.
5) Click button Apply.
6) In order to make your changes permanent, you must follow the instruction as in paragraph Update/Store
Configuration Setting.

Important Note
Do not change any of the System Hardware parameters unless expressl y suggested by the Wifless
Support team or by an official Essentia Wifless Application Note!
Settings of inappropriate System Hardware parameters may lead the system to an unusable state!


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Setup of Ethernet Physical Interfaces parameters
To initialize an ethernet physical interface, you must choose a unique Description name for the interface and the Link
Speed and Duplex setting as in Figure 24:

Figure 24 Ethernet Physical Interface Inizialization
To initialize an Ethernet Physical interface, follow the instructions listed below:

2) In the left hand-side pane, click on the Ethernet Interface you want to initialize.
3) In the right hand-side pane, click on tab Ethernet Interface.
4) In the Descritpion box, type a unique Description name for your physical interface.
5) From the Link Speed & Duplex drop-down list of the interface you intend to initialize, choose the value from
those available.


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Setup of Wireless Physical Interface parameters
Due to Atheros HAL restrictions and country-specific Radio Regulations, it is mandatory to define some common
parameters for both the Wireless Physical Interfaces. All the correspondent Wireless Logical Interfaces will share these
parameters.

To initialize a Wireless Physical interface, follow the instructions listed below:
2) In the left hand-side pane, click on the Wireless Interface you want to initialize as in Figure 25:

Figure 25 Wireless Physical Interface Inizialization
3) In the Environment Parameters Section you find the following parameters:
Description: Type a unique Description name for your physical interface.
Country Code: Set this value in accordance with your Local Country Radio Authority Rules.
Maximum Distance (m): Set the MaximumDistance value (in meters) for your Wireless Interface to optimize ACK timeouts
and interface throughput of your network (PTP link or PMP sector managed by this radio). IMPORTANT: Make sure this value is
greater than the distance fromthe furthest wireless parent device you want to connect, or the systemwill not be able to create a
proper association. In the case the Maximum Distance value is wrongly set shorter than the real distance, strong degradation
in the overall wireless network may be experienced
802.11 Reg. Class Required: If this IEEE 802.11 option is enabled, the Radio Slot Time is set in accordance with the
MaximumDistance parameter. It is suggested to leave it disabled for better average performance and for a smoother interoperability.
Disable DFS/Radar Detect: Check this option for Radar Detection disabling.
NOTE: Disabling the DFS/Radar Detection feature could be forbidden by the Law. Contact your Local Radio Regulatrory
Domain Authority for detailed information.

4) In the Operational Parameters Section you find the following parameters:
Operational Mode: Select your Operational Mode fromthe drop-down list as shown in the figure. The available modes are:
802.11a/h 54 Mbps: IEEE 802.11a/h Mode setting
802.11b 11 Mbps only: IEEE 802.11b Mode setting
802.11g 54 Mbps only: IEEE 802.11g Pure G Mode setting
802.11b/g 11/54 Mbps: IEEE 802.11b/g Mode setting
802.11a Dynamic Turbo: Force the IEEE 802.11a Mode to operate in the Dynamic Turbo Aggregated Mode 40 MHz RF
Channel (also referred as 108 Mbps Turbo).
802.11g Dynamic Turbo mode: Force the IEEE 802.11g Mode to operate in the Dynamic Turbo Aggregated Mode 40
MHz RF Channel (also referred as 108 Mbps Turbo).
802.11a Static Turbo mode: Force the IEEE 802.11a Mode to operate in the Static Turbo Aggregated Mode 40 MHz RF
Channel (also referred as 108 Mbps Turbo)Type a unique Description name for your physical interface.
Rate Control Algorithm: Set the Rate Control Algorithmbetween the following:
Atheros, for Atheros own Auto-Rate Control Algorithm
ONOE Credit Based, for indoor 802.11b environment
AMRR Adaptive, for Adaptive Multi Rate Retry Algorithm
SampleRate, for Sample Rate Algorithm
Minstrel EWMA Based, for Minstrel Rate Algortthm
Channel Bandwitdh: you can choose to lower the Channel Bandwitdh to increase Sensibility. You can choose:
Default, typical 20 MhZ

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Half,, typical 10 MhZ
Quarter, typical 5 MhZ
Extended Channel Mode: Enable this option to activate the Atheros eXtended Channel mode.
ACK Fast Rate: In 802.11a/h mode the rate of ACK, RTS/CTS and all self generated packet is 36Mbps (default value is
6Mbps)
5) In the Automatic Noise Immunity Parameters Section you find the following parameters:
OFDM Weak Signal Detection: Default is on.
CCK Weak Signal Threshold: Default is off.
Noise Immunity Level: Default is auto.
Spur Immunity Level: Default is auto.
First Step Level: Default is auto.



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Setup of Ethernet Logical Interfaces
The Fast-Ethernet physical interface can be associated with logical interfaces of the following types:

Standard Clear Fast-Ethernet Logical Interfaces (only one allowed per physical port)
Standard IEEE 802.1Q-2005 VLAN Logical Interfaces
RFC 1701 GRE Tunnel Logical Interfaces
Standard PPPoE Logical Interfaces

To create an Ethernet logical interface, follow the instructions listed below:
1) In the OpenWifless main window, click on Interfaces from the left hand-side menu obtaining a screen as in
Figure 26.

Figure 26 Ethernet Logical Interface Creation
2) In the right hand-side pane, click on tab Ethernet.
3) From the Type drop-down list of the interface you intend to create, choose a logical interface type from those
available (see above in this section).
4) In the ID box, type a unique identifier for your logical interface.
NOTE: If you dont filled the ID box, the interface is created but it could not work properly.
5) Click button Create it.

A successful creation of an Ethernet logical interface will result in a screen as in Figure 27:

Figure 27 Successful Creation of an Ethernet Logical Interface
To delete the logical interface you have just created, click Delete it.


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Creation and Setup of PPPoE Client Logical Interface
To create a PPPoE Client logical interface, follow the instructions listed below:
1) In the OpenWifless main window, click on Interfaces from the left hand-side menu
2) From the Type drop-down list of the desired interface, choose PPoE connection
3) In the ID box, type a unique identifier for your logical interface as in the following figure:

Figure 28 PPPoE Logical Interface creation
4) Click button Create it obtaining a screen as in Figure 29:

Figure 29 Created PPPoE Logical Interface


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Creation and Setup of Switch Logical Interface
As previously mentioned in this chapter, your Wifless ESS CPE device can L2-switch or L3-route data traffic through
its logical interfaces. In order to perform this operation, you must either create at least one L2-Switch Logical Interface
to bridge together the Ethernet Logical Interface and the Wireless Logical Interface, or define at least one L3 Route
(Static or Dynamic) between the Ethernet Logical Interface and the Wireless Logical Interface.

To create a Switch Logical Interface, click on Interfaces from the left hand-side menu of the OpenWifless main page,
then click on tab Switch on the right hand-side panel.
In the Create Switch Interface section, do the following:

1) From the Interfaces box, select at least two Logical Interfaces you intend to bridge by pressing the CTRL key.

Figure 30 Switch Logical Interface Creation
2) Click button Apply. Your new Switch Logical Interface will be displayed in the lower pane named sw0 as in
Figure 31:

Figure 31 Switch Logical Interface Created
4) To configure another Switch Logical Interface, select it and see paragraph Creation and Setup of Switch
Logical Interface.

As shown in Figure 32, no MAC address is assigned to your newly created Switch Logical Interface. The logical switch will
acquire its MAC address on the next systemreboot.


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Figure 32 No MAC address is assigned until next system reboot

Important Note
Accidental deletion or misconfiguration of the Logical Interface used to access the device for the
management may l ead the system to an inaccessi ble state.
Make sure that at least one Logical Interface has been assigned a static IP address which is always
accessibl e by the PC provisioning your Wifless ESS CPE device.
In order to help you preventing this potential cause of loss of device management, the operating
system automati call y takes care, during the creation of a new Switch Logical Interface containing
others interfaces, to assi gn the 192.168.2.100 IP address.


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Creation and Setup of Wireless Logical Interface
The Wireless Physical Interface can be associated with a Station Wireless Logical Interfaces
To create a Wireless Logical Interface, click on Interfaces from the left hand-side menu of the OpenWifless main page,
then click on tab Wireless on the right hand-side panel obtaining a screen as in Figure 33:

Figure 33 Wireless Logical Interface Creation
Follow the instructions listed below for either Wireless Interfaces you need to create:
1) From the Type drop-down selection of the Wireless 0, choose the value Station.
2) Click on button Create it. Your newly created Wireless Logical Interface will be displayed in the same section
as its physical interface associate as shown in Figure 34:

Figure 34 Wireless Station Logical Interface Creation
3) You can choose any of the following types for your Wireless Logical Interface from the Create new drop-down
selection:

Standard Clear Wireless Logical Interfaces (only one per physical interface)
Standard IEEE 802.1Q-2005 VLAN Logical Interfaces
RFC 1701 GRE Tunnel Logical Interfaces
Standard PPPoE Logical Interfaces

4) Type an identifier for your Wireless Logical Interface into the Index box and click on Create it to save your
changes obtaining a screen as in Figure 35:

Figure 35 Wireless VLAN/GRE/PPPoE Logical Interface Menu
5) If you need to delete the Wireless Logical Interface, click on Delete it in the relevant section.

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Provisioning the Fast-Ethernet Logical Interface
As previously mentioned, one Fast-Ethernet Physical Interface is defined as Ethernet 0 and is associated to Logical
Interfaces Ethernet0.
Logical Interface Ethernet0 has default IP address 192.168.2.100/24.
Ethernet0 is the network interface of your ODU, which is also powered through this port.

In this view, you can modify the parameters of logical interface in this way:
1) Click on tab General to get the following view:

Figure 36 Ethernet Interface General Menu
2) Type your new TCP/IP values into each of the following boxes:
Description: Insert the name of the Fast-Ethernet Logical Interface.
IP Address Assignment: Choose IP address assignment fromthe following options:
Static: Assign a static IP address within IP address range of your network.
DHCP: Enables Dynamic IP Client Capability.
Loopback: No IP address assigned to Ethernet Logical Interface.
IP Address: Assign a static IP address that is within the IP address range of your network
IP Subnet Mask: Insert subnet mask. All devices in the network must share the same subnet mask.
Gateway IP Address: Type IP address of network default gateway.
MTU: Enter MTU length to suit your needs: Default value is 1500 Bytes, Max value is 1530 Bytes.
Metric: Enter Gateway metric.
Masquerade: Tick option to NAT Logical Interface.

3) Click on Apply to save changes or click Reset to restore previous values.
4) Click on tab Activity to get a view like in Figure 37.

Figure 37 Ethernet Interface Activity Page
5) Configure the Common Logical Interface Settings if you have not yet done so. These are the parameters
shared by logical interfaces Fast-Ethernet, Wireless, and Bridge. For more information, see Logical Interface
Common Settings.
6) Save and activate your changes as described in paragraph Update/Store Configuration Setting.


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Provisioning the PPPoE Client Logical Interface
In the previous sections of this manual, you learnt how to create a PPPoE Client Logical Interface.

To configure and activate a PPPoE Client Logical Interface, do the following:
1) From the Interfaces list on the left hand-side of your screen, select the PPPoE Client Logical Interface you
need to set automatically getting the tab General view as in the following figure:

Figure 38 PPPoE Interface General Menu
2) Type your new TCP/IP values into each of the following boxes:
Description: Insert the name of the Fast-Ethernet Logical Interface.
IP Address Assignment: Choose IP address assignment fromthe following options:
Static: Assign a static IP address within IP address range of your network.
DHCP: Enables Dynamic IP Client Capability.
Loopback: No IP address assigned to Ethernet Logical Interface.
IP Subnet Mask: Insert subnet mask. All devices in the network must share the same subnet mask.
Gateway IP Address: Type IP address of network default gateway.
Metric: Enter Gateway metric.
Masquerade: Tick option to NAT Logical Interface.
User Access: Check this box to enable User ID to access this interface.

4) Click on tab PPoE to get the following view:

Figure 39 PPPoE Interface PPoE Menu
5) Type your new PPPoE Client parameters into each of the following boxes:
Username: Insert the username for the PPPoE Client connection account
Password: Insert the password for the PPPoE Client connection account
LCP Echo Interval: Link Control Protocol Echo Interval value
LCP Echo Failure: Link Control Protocol Echo Failure value
6) Configure the Common Logical Interface Settings if you have not yet done so. These are the parameters
shared by logical interfaces Fast-Ethernet, Wireless, and Bridge. For more information, see Logical Interface
Common Settings.
7) Save and activate your changes as described in paragraph Update/Store Configuration Setting.


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Provisioning Switch Interfaces
In the previous sections of this manual, you learnt how to create Switch Logical Interface.

To configure and activate a Switch Logical Interface, do the following:
1) From the Interfaces list on the left hand-side of your screen, select the Switch Logical Interface you need to
set.
2) From the menu bar in the right hand-side pane, click on tab General to get a view like in Figure 40:

Figure 40 Bridge Interface General Menu
3) Enter the following parameters for your interface:
Description: Enter the name of the Bridge Logical Interface.
IP Address Assignment: The default IP address Assignment mode is Loopback. The Assignment modes can bedefined are:
Static: Assign a static IP address that is within the IP address range of your network.
DHCP: Enable the Dynamic IP Client Capability of the Wifless ESS 1xx / 1xx-D.
Loopback: No IP address assigned to the Ethernet Logical Interface.
IP Subnet Mask: Enter the subnet mask. All devices in the network must share the same subnet mask.
Gateway IP Address: Enter the IP address of the default gateway of your network.
Metric: Enter the Gateway metric.
Masquerade: Enable if you want to NAT the Logical Interface.

5) If your configuration is finished, jump to step 13).
6) Click on tab Switch to get a view like in Figure 41:

Figure 41 Bridge Interface Switch Menu

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7) Set a value for Aging Time. Recommended values range between 300 sec. (default value) and 1200 sec.
8) In section Spanning Tree Settings, from Protocol drop-down selection, choose the values among disabled,
STP and RSTP.
The default Spanning tree protocol value isdisabled.
9) Choose your values for the following parameters of the protocol:
Switch Priority: Default value is 32768.
Forward Delay: Default value is 15 sec.
Hello Time: Choose a value between 2 sec (default time) and forward delay time.
Max Age: Default value is 20 sec.
Transmit Hold Count: Default value is 6 sec.
10) In section Port Settings, set the following parameters for each of the logical interfaces involved in your
Switch Logical Interface:
Activate: Enable or not STP/RSTP on this port.
Priority: Default value is 128 for every port.
11) In section VLAN Isolation Settings, set the following parameters for each of the logical interfaces involved in
your Switch Logical Interface to enable VLAN Isolation Feature:
VLAN ID: Default value is 0.
VLAN Port: Default value is (none).
12) Click Apply to save your changes, or Reset to restore previous values.
13) Set Common Logical Interface Settings for Fast-Ethernet, Wireless and Switch logical interfaces if you have
not yet done so. For more information, see Logical Interface Common Settings.
14) Confirm and activate your new configuration as described in Update/Store Configuration Setting.


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Provisioning Wireless Logical Interface to Station / Client Node Mode
As previously mentioned, your Wifless ESS CPE device operates as station in a PMP/PTP link to communicate with a
Wifless ESS ProNODE configured as Access Point, as well as to any IEEE 802.11abg standard compliant access point.

To set the Wireless Logical Interface as a Station, select it from the Interfaces drop-down list on the left-hand side of
the OpenWifless screen and follow the instructions below:

1) In the main window, click on tab General to get a view as in Figure 42:

Figure 42 Wireless Station Interface General Menu
The IP Address Assignment defaults to Loopback mode (No IP Address is assigned by default).
2) Type in the following parameters for your Wireless Logical Interface:
Description: Enter the name of the Wireless Logical Interface.
IP Address Assignment : Choose among the following options:
Static: Assign a static IP address that is within the IP address range of your network.
DHCP: Enable the Dynamic IP Client Capability of the Wifless ESS 1xx / 1xx-D.
Loopback: No IP address assigned to the Ethernet Logical Interface.
IP Subnet Mask: Enter the subnet mask. All devices in the network must share the same subnet mask.
Gateway IP Address: Enter the IP address of the default gateway of your network.
Metric: Enter the Gateway metric.
Masquerade: Enable if you want to NAT the Logical Interface.

3) Click Apply to save your settings, or click Reset to restore previous values.
4) Click on tab Radio to get the view as in Figure 43:

Figure 43 Wireless Station Interface Radio Menu

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5) Set the ESSID (also referred as Service Set Identifier (SSID)) to the SSID_Value_Name designated for that
specific wireless local area network (WLAN Domain). The ESSID defaults to the Wireless Logical Interface
Name.
6) Set the BSSID to the AP MAC Address when Hide SSID option in the AP side is enabled. The MAC must
be with :, for example if the AP MACs is 00:17:63:05:03:a1, you must write exactly 00:17:63:05:03:a1.
7) Set the transmission RF Tx Power in accordance with your application, your country rules, and the antenna
in use as specified in Max RF Output Power as per Country Rules and Selected Antenna.
8) Enable RTS/CTS option to reduce frame collisions introduced by the hidden terminal problem and exposed
node problem, and set the Threshold value in accordance with your wireless network needs. The best values
ranges from 250 to 500 bytes. The value 2346 means disabled. Default is 250.
9) Set the Tx Rate to the value desired in accordance with the Band Mode selected. The Auto option allows
the radio module to dynamically adjust its transmission speed to the best possible in accordance with the
radio link path length and the weather conditions. By setting the radio speed manually, you force the radio
module to transmit at the specified rate only.
10) Enable FRAG option if needed and set the Threshold value in accordance with your wireless network
needs. The value 2346 means disabled. Default is off.
11) Set the transmission Multicast Rate to the value desired. Default is 6Mbps.
12) Set Max. Hardware Retry to the value desired. It means how many times the chip resend the packet when
did not receive the ACK. Default is 13.
13) Check the Inter-Radio Bridge option to enable communication between Radio Bridge Logical Interfaces: it
is MANDATORY to enable this option when using Radio Bridge Logical Interface communications.
14) Check the Background Scanning to enable the Radio Interface to perform a regular scan for other Access
Points.
15) Enable Trunk & PtP Link option for better Point-to-Point performances.
16) Set the following Atheros Parameters to maximize Wireless Performances:
Fast Frame mode: Allows for more information to be transmitted per frame.
Burst mode: Enables device to send multiple frames in a burst with no pauses in between.
Extended Range: Enables Extended Range capability.
Compression: Enables Atheros Compression mode; Link-level Hardware Compression utilizes the wireless connection
more efficiently to further maximize bandwidth.
In the Atheros Parameters title bar is displayed the current active features.
17) Check the WMM (IEEE 802.11e) option to enable the WMM QoS standard IEEE 802.11e protocol. For
details about the WMM protocol configuration, refer to the paragraph WMM-EDCA Priority QoS
19) Refer to paragraph Logical Interface Common Settings to see the settings common to all Logical
Interfaces.
20) To confirm new Wireless Logical Interface Security parameters, see paragraph Update/Store Configuration
Setting.


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Logical Interface Common Settings
As previously mentioned, you must define some settings that will be common to all user-defined logical interfaces, due
to Atheros HAL limitations. Your Fast-Ethernet interface, Radio Interface and Bridge Interface will share these settings.

DHCP Server and Relay Settings
All logical interfaces feature an integrated DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) server, regardless of their
type. This feature makes it easier to set up a simple Hotspot, especially in small networks; the use is less extensive in
large corporate networks and carrier-class networks.
DHCP dynamically assigns an IP address to each client that requests one. The clients obtain additional parameters
which are common to other devices in the same network, such as the Default Router/Gateway and the Default
DNS/WINS. The protocol simplifies network management as each client automatically gets its IP address on
connecting to the network, instead of being assigned an IP address by an operator.

To enable the DHCP server for a logical interface, follow the instructions listed below:
1) From the Interfaces list on the left hand-side of the OpenWifless page, select your logical interface.
2) From the menu in the main window, click on tab DHCP. The screen will display a DHCP panel as in Figure
44.

Figure 44 DHCP fields for a logical interface
3) In the DHCP Setup section, select your DHCP Mode from the following modes available:
None: DHCP features are disabled.
Server: EnablesWifless ESS CPE device to act as a DHCP Server.
Relay: Enables Wifless ESS CPE device to relay data to an external DHCP Server.
4) Fill the following fields with your parameters:
Relay Interface: Select the interface to which all DHCP client requests will be relayed by default.
IP Pool Starting Address: This is the 1
st
IP address that the DHCP server will assign to a new client.
Pool Size: Quantity of IP addresses available for new clients.
DHCP Server Address: Network IP address of external DHCP server (available in DHCP relay mode only).
Lease Time: Duration (in seconds) for which an IP address is leased to a new client; default value is 3600 seconds.
5) In the DHCP Options section, fill the following fields with your parameters:
Gateway IP Address: Gateway IP address of DHCP server assigned to new client.
DNS Server IP Address: IP address of DNS (main or first) for your network. May not lie within your sub-network class of
addresses.
NIS Domain Name
Time Server IP Address
WINS Server IP Address
NBD Server Address
NetBIOS Node Type: Choose fromb-node, p-node, m-node or h-node.
NetBIOS Scope Name

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6) In the Static DHCP Table section, fill the table to assign a particular IP to a specified MAC Address
specifying the following values in the table:
Delete: Deletion of multiple MAC-IP assignments.
MAC Address: MAC address of client served.
IP Address: IP address statically assigned to client served.
Note: These Static IP must be not included in the assignable IP pool.
7) Click Apply to save your new settings, or click Reset to restore previous settings.

IP Aliasing
You can implement IP aliasing on a logical interface in the following way:
2) In the main window, click on tab IP Alias. You will view a screen like in Figure 45.

Figure 45 Setting IP Alias for logical interface Ethernet0
3) Fill the following fields:
Enable: Tick this option to enable IP Aliasing.
IP Address: IP Alias for selected logical interface
IP Subnet Mask: Mask for selected logical interface
Gateway IP Address: Gateway IP Address
Metric: Select your metric.


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L2-L3-L4 Bandwidth Manager Settings
You can set a L2-L3-L4 Bandwidth Manager on the EGRESS for each logical interface on which multiple independent
queues are implemented for traffic shaping. Each queue is a Dual-Bucket queue capable of handling both the MIR and
CIR shaping parameters regarding the traffic to and from a pool of IP addresses; selected TCP-IP services can also be
filtered by these queues.

To set a Bandwidth Manager, follow the instructions listed below:
2) In the main window, click tab Bandwidth. You will get a screen like in Figure 46.

Figure 46 Setting Bandwidth Manager on logical interface Ethernet0
3) Define your Bandwidth settings for your logical interface in the following fields:
Queue: tick this option to enable one common queue for traffic through logical interface to/frompool of addresses specified.
Maximum: Max speed/bandwidth allowed in the queue (MIR, MaximumInformation Rate).
Guaranteed: Guaranteed speed/bandwidth allowed in queue (CIR, Committed Information Rate).
4) Click Apply to confirm your new settings, or click Reset to restore previous settings.
Now that your queue has been defined and enabled, you can define your own Bandwidth Rules based on IP
addresses, masks and ports of sources and destinations, as shown in the example in Figure 46.

Activity Metering
You can meter the activity of each logical interface in the following way:
2) In the main window, click on tab Activity. You will view screens like in following figures:

Figure 47 Activity page for Fast-Ethernet Physical Interface


Page 52 of 121

..

Figure 48 Activity page for Wireless Physical Interface

Figure 49 Activity page for Switch Logical Interface


Page 53 of 121
Wireless Logical Interface Common Settings

Security Settings
The following security protocols and features are supported by the Wifless ESS 1xx / 1xxS / 1xx-D:
WEP (Wired Equivalent Security Protocol). This protocol is fully supported mainly for legacy reasons, and
can be used for implementing simple networks. However, we recommend that you choose a more up-to-date
encryption protocol for extra security. Length keys of 64 bits, 128 bits, and 152 bits are supported, as well as
non-standard length keys between 64 and 152 bits.
WPA/WPA2 Personal (Wi-Fi Protected Access / Wi-Fi Protected Access 2). This protocol is a modernized
version of WEP, required by the Wi-Fi alliance for compatibility reasons. WPA identifies and authorizes users
based on a secret encryption key that automatically changes at regular intervals. TKIP (Temporal Key
Integrity Protocol) and AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) will change the temporary key every time a
given number of packets are transmitted over the network.. WPA PSK (Pre-Shared Key) ensures that a fresh
security key is obtained on connecting to the network, as per the IEEE 802.11 standards. With WPA/WPA2,
you will only be prompted for a security code once in the configuration menu. This ensures much greater
security than WEP, as the latter requires you to change your security key manually.
802.1x Dynamic WEP. This protocol is fully supported and recommended with 128-bit keys as your first
strong line of defense against intrusion. The IEEE 802.1x RADIUS-server-based authentication process
validates client devices and user accounts as users attempt to connect to the network.
WPA/WPA2 Enterprise using EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol). This protocol is also supported
and has been tested as compatible with Microsoft Windows XP.

The strongest 128-bit AES encryption is supported without any degradation of the system performance, thus enabling
you to reach the maximum wireless aggregated throughput available.


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Wireless Encryption Settings and IEEE 802.1x AAA
Open System
When this mode is enabled, no data encryption is enabled on your Wireless Logical interface. This is the default mode
for Wireless Encryption Settings.

To view or modify the settings of a Wireless Logical Interface, do the following:

1) From the Interfaces list on the left hand-side list on the OpenWifless page, select your Wireless Logical
Interface.
2) In the main window, click on tab Security. You will get a screen like in Figure 50.

Figure 50 Setting Open Network Authentication on Wireless Logical Interface ath0

Static WEP Shared Key
This section shows how to set a Static WEP Shared Key on a Wireless Logical Interface.

Figure 51 Setting Shared Network Authentication on Wireless Logical Interface ath0


Page 55 of 121
To do so, follow the instructions listed below:
1) In the General section shown in Figure 51, select Open
2
2) From the Data Encryption drop-down list, select WEP. You will get a screen like in
or Shared from the Network Authentication drop-
down list.
Figure 51.

3) Move to section WEP Encryption Parameters. You can store up to four WEP encryption keys. To set a key,
select your WEP key number from 1 to 4, choose your format from ASCII or HEX, choose the key length and
type your key
3
Figure 51 in the final box, as displayed in .
5) To confirm the new Wireless Logical Interface Security parameters, see paragraph Update/Store

IEEE 802.1X AAA with Dynamic WEP
To enable this AAA and Encryption Methods on the Wireless Logical Interface, do the following:
1) From the Interface list on the left hand-side on the OpenWifless page, select your Wireless Logical Interface.
2) Click on tab Security.
3) In the General section, select 802.1X from the Network Authentication drop-down list.
4) In the WEP Encryption Parameters section, the option Automatic Key is automatically ticked to enable
WEP Dynamic Keying. Your screen will look like in Figure 52.

Figure 52 Setting IEEE 802.1X Network Authentication on Wireless Logical Interface ath0
5) Move on to section EAP. Your screen will look like in Figure 53.

Figure 53 Setting EAP Parameters

2
If you select Open, you can still set Data Encryption to WEP. This Open-WEP configuration means that no
authentication is required for clients whilst WEB data encryption is enabled.
3
64-bit WEP supports passwords of 5 ASCII characters or 10 HEX digits;
128-bit WEP supports passwords of 13 ASCII characters or 26 HEX digits;
152-bit WEP supports passwords of 16 ASCII characters or 32 HEX digits.

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6) In the EAP Method menu, select your Authentication EAP Method from the following modes available:
PEAP
TTLS
TLS
7) In the Phase 2 Method menu, select one of the following modes:
MSCHAPV2
MD5
OTP
GTC
8) In the Identity & Password fields, set your Accounting Informations
9) Click Apply to save your changes, or click Reset to restore previous settings.

WPA / WPA2-PSK with AES or TKIP (WPA-Personal)
To enable this Encryption Method on the Wireless Logical Interface, do the following.
1) From the Interface list on the left hand-side of the OpenWifless page, select your Wireless Logical Interface.
3) From the Network Authentication drop-down list in the General section, select WPA, WPA2 or
WPA/WPA2.
4) From the Data Encryption drop-down list, select TKIP, AES or TKIP/AES.
5) From the Key Management drop-down list, select PSK. Your screen will look like in the example shown in
Figure 54.

Figure 54 Setting WPA-AES encryption on Wireless Logical Interface ath0
6) In the WPA/WPA2-PSK section, select a format for your password and insert an 8-63 ASCII character or a
64 hex digit secret code of your choice.


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WPA / WPA2-EAP with AES or TKIP (WPA-Enterprise)
To enable this AAA and Encryption Methods on the Wireless Logical Interface, do the following.
1) From the INTERFACE list on the left hand-side of the OpenWifless page, select your Wireless Logical
Interface.
3) From the Network Authentication drop-down list in the GENERAL section, select WPA, WPA2 or
WPA/WPA2.
4) From the Data Encryption drop-down list, select TKIP, AES or TKIP/AES.
5) From the Key Management drop-down list, select EAP or PSK/EAP.
6) Move on to section EAP. Your screen will look like in Figure 55.

Figure 55 Setting EAP Parameters
7) In the EAP Method menu, select your Authentication EAP Method from the following modes available:
PEAP
TTLS
TLS
8) In the Phase 2 Method menu, select one of the following modes:
MSCHAPV2
MD5
OTP
GTC
9) In the Identity & Password fields, set your Accounting Information.

Important Note
If you use EAP authentication with Certificate, it is mandatory to set the time and date manuall y
before to upload the certi fication file, regardless of the current time and date setup.

The time and date manual l y entered must be within the Certificates validity period.

After the successful upload of the Certificate, the system time and date can be configured again as
preferred (manual or get from NTP/SNTP server).


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The Router Settings
Static Router
The Wifless ESS CPE device features a Routing Engine. You can set up static routing in the following way:
1) From the Advanced list on the left hand-side of the OpenWifless page, select Router.
2) A table will be displayed as in Figure 56 and each row corresponds to a static route:

Figure 56 Setting a Static Routing Table
3) To set a static route, tick box Enable and complete the following fields on the same row:
IP Address: Destination IP address
IP Subnet Mask: Subnet mask in dotted decimal notation
Gateway: Gateway IP address
Metric: Metric route value (cost)
4) Click button Apply to save your new settings, or click on Reset to restore previous values.

Dynamic Router
The Wifless ESS CPE device implements some of the Routing Engines that are most commonly used for the dynamic
management of well-established IP routing protocols, and the most advanced protocols available today:

RIP1 RFC 1058 & RIP2 RFC 2453
OSPF RFC 2328

Quagga engine manages both RIP1&2 and OSPF protocols.

Configuration using the WEB GUI
To set Dynamic Routing on your Wifless ESS CPE device using the WEB GUI, select Router from the Advanced list
on the left hand-side of the OpenWifless page and follow the instructions listed below.
1) Click on tab Dynamic Router. Your screen will look like in Figure 57:

Figure 57 Dynamic Router Menu
2) Enable the Dynamic Router Engine by ticking the relevant box.
3) Activate the wanted Routing Protocol(s) by ticking the relative checkbox as shown in Figure 58:


Page 59 of 121

Figure 58 Enabling the Dynamic Routing Protocols
4) Click on Save to save the text configuration in the .cfg file
5) Click on Load to load the configuration .conf file to the screen.
6) Click on Apply to make your changes effective and reboot the system to have the routing protocols running.


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Configuration using Telnet
This section shows how to configure Dynamic Routers protocols on your Wifless ESS CPE using Telnet access.
1) To configure the RIP router, click on RIP Console button; a Telnet session on port 2602 will be opened
automatically as shown in Figure 59:

Figure 59 Console access
2) Enter your Password. Default value is default. A successful login will result in the command prompt being
displayed as in Figure 60:

Figure 60 RIP command prompt
3) To configure the OSPF router, click on OSPF Console button; a Telnet session on port 2604 will be
automatically opened as shown in Figure 59.
4) Enter your Password. Default value is default. A successful login will result in the command prompt being
displayed as in Figure 61:

Figure 61 OSPF command prompt
For more information on RIP and OSPF refer to the official Quagga Manual included in the CD ROM supplied.


Page 61 of 121
Policy Router
To set Policy Router rules on your Wifless ESS CPE device, select Router from the Advanced list on the left hand-side
of the OpenWifless page and follow the instructions listed below.
1) Click on tab Policy Router. Your screen will look like in Figure 62:

Figure 62 Setting Policy Router rules on Wifless ESS CPE device
2) Enable Policy Router by ticking the relevant box.
3) From the Priority drop-down list, select Delete if you want to delete the rule or 0 to create the first rule.
4) From the Incoming packets matched by drop-down list, select Input Device for the source traffic and from
the Rule drop-down list field the interface to use or to drop packets coming from the interface selected as in
the following figure.

Figure 63 Setting Input Device Rule
5) From the Incoming packets matched by drop-down list, select Source IP or Destination IP for the
source/destination traffic and their IP/mask parameters as in the following figure.

Figure 64 Setting Source IP Rule

Page 62 of 121
6) In Any row select the Default Action from the available following options:
Device: Destination Interface or drop action.
Gateway IP: IP Address of DG for default rule
System: no default rule

Figure 65 Setting Default Rule

7) Click on Apply to make your changes effective.
8) If you need to remove the rule, please select Delete option from Priority field and click on Apply.


Page 63 of 121
Firewall Settings
The Wifless ESS CPE device features an integrated firewall capable of managing data traffic through all your logical
interfaces. This section explains how to set your rules for traffic management on the built-in firewall.
1) From the Advanced menu on the left hand-side of the OpenWifless page, select Firewall.
2) In the main window, click tab Default Rules. You will get a screen like in Figure 66.

Figure 66 Setting Firewall Rules
3) Enable Firewall feature ticking the relevant option.
4) Tick option Enable Forward Rules if desired and specify your rules as follows:
Packet Direction: select your route
Default Action: select required action for that route
Log: tick option to save log
5) Click Apply to save your settings, or click Reset to restore previous settings.
6) If you want to add any firewall rules of your own, click on tab Rule Summary. You will get a screen like in
Figure 67:

Figure 67 Firewall Rule Summary
7) In the Rule Summary section, you need to define the following:

Page 64 of 121
Packet Direction: by default, your rule is applied to all network interfaces.
Priority: Default value is 10.
8) Click Add Filter button, or Add SNAT or Add DNAT or Add SNAT+DNAT button, to make your wanted
new rule available and to configure it. In the case you select an Add Filter rule, you will get a screen like in
Figure 68:

Figure 68 Editing Firewall Rule
9) In the General section, the box Activate Rule is enabled by default.
10) Complete sections Edit Source and Edit Destination specifying the following:
Interface: default value is any.
Address Type: choose fromSingle Address, Subnet Address, and Any Address. Default value is Single Address.
IP Address.
Subnet Mask.
Protocol: select your Filtered Protocol. Default value is any.
Note: you can select Single Port or Port Range specifying port number or port range.
11) In section Packets Handler, tick Packets Information Logging to save log, and select either Forward or
Block in Action Perfomed drop-down window.
13) To confirm the new configuration, see paragraph Update/Store Configuration Setting.


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Class of Service (CoS)
The OpenWifless ESS Operating System manages user definable Class of Services (CoS) by the use of the Bandwidth
Manager alone or by the use of the Bandwidth Manager in combination with the QoS prioritization engine on the
EGRESS of each logical interface defined in the system.

Considering only the setting of the CoS by the use of the Bandwidth Manager alone, the Wifless ESS CPE device
supports both Static CoS setting, by the provisioning of the L2-L3-L4 Bandwidth Manager, and Dynamic CoS setting
by special Radius attributes forwarded to the CPE by the Wifless ESS ProNODE associated Access Point.

Static CoS setting
For Static CoS setting, by the provisioning of the L2-L3-L4 Bandwidth Manager, refer to paragraph L2-L3-L4
Bandwidth Manager Settings.

Dynamic CoS setting
For the Dynamic CoS setting to work, it is required, as mandatory pre-requisites, to have configured the Wifless ESS
CPE device CPE as a Radius Client and must be connected to a Wifless ESS 2456x associated Access Point.

Then it is necessary to configure the Radius Server to deliver the advanced WISPr attributes to the account used by the
Wifless ESS CPE device CPE to authenticate and access the network.

Advanced WISPr Radius Supported Attributes for Dynamic Bandwidth Management
The Wifless ESS CPE device is a state-of-the-art CPE that implements the IEEE and Wi-Fi Alliance proposed draft for
Radius controlled L2 Bandwidth Manager, as per the following list:
WISPr-Bandwidth-Max-Down: defines the max download bandwidth allowed;
WISPr-Bandwidth-Max-Up: defines the max upload bandwidth allowed;
WISPr-Bandwidth-Min-Down: reports the expected min download bandwidth;
WISPr-Bandwidth-Min-Up: reports the min expected upload bandwidth.

As the Wifless ESS CPE device CPE receives the first two attributes jus after the authentication, a dynamically created
rules in the BWM of the interfaces will limit the bandwidth as defined and will stay in place until the next device
Radius authentication.

Also the L2 Bandwidth Manager used by the Dynamic CoS acts only on the EGRESS of the logical interfaces.


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Quality of Service (QoS)
The Wifless ESS CPE device features layer-2 traffic prioritization based on VLAN Priority, a layer-3 traffic
prioritization based on either ToS/DSCP Priority (FRC 2474) in compliance with the IEEE 802.1Q-2005 standard
(including the previous IEEE 802.1p) and a simple layer-4 traffic prioritization based on RTP filtering.

The Wireless interface has four queues so each packet received is placed in one of these four queues according to the
Traffic Prioritization parameters. Instead, the Ethernet interface has only two queues (high priority and low priority), so
VO & VI queues are grouped together an placed in the high priority queue while the BE & BK queues are grouped
together an placed in the high priority queue.

The prioritization of the packets is done using different classifiers/filters:
VLAN Priority
ToS/DSCP Priority
RTP prioritization

Each one of these classifiers/filters can be enabled or not. In the case you enable filters that may have conflicting rules,
the first filter in the chain will be applied. We kindly suggest to enable only one classifier/filter per logical interface.

The QoS for interface is completely controlled from the QoS tab of each logical interface page.

1) In the QoS Setting section, tick box Enable to enable QoS Rules and it appears a page as like in Figure 69:

Figure 69 QoS Rules Settings
1) From the Default Priority drop-down list select the default queue:
BE: Best Effort
BK: Background
VI: Video
VO: Voice
None


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VLAN Priority QoS
VLAN prioritized traffic is mapped to an output queue based on the VLAN Priority classifier.

To enable the VLAN Prioritization QoS engine, in the VLAN Priority section, from drop-down list, select Enable
option. You will get a page like in Figure 70:

Figure 70 VLAN Priority default queues mapping.
While queue mapping is user-configurable, the VLAN prioritization predefined mapping is as shown in the Figure 70.

To modify the predefined VLAN priority mapping you have to define the wanted TAG mapping, in the VLAN Priority
section, as follows:
1) Maps each of the VLAN Priority # from 0 to 7 to the proper queue of four available.

Note on VLAN ID Standard Convention:
Take care to note that VLAN 0 means no VLAN but handle the priority and that the Default VLAN is VLAN 1.


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ToS/DSCP Priority QoS
ToS or DSCP classified traffic is prioritized on the proper output queue based on the classifier field value.

To enable the ToS/DSCP Prioritization QoS engine, in the ToS/DSCP Mapping section, from the Mapping Type
drop-down list, select the ToS or theDSCP option as you need.

ToS Prioritization
ToS IP Precedence prioritized traffic is s mapped to an output queue based on the 3 bit of the IP Precedence header,
plus the 4 bits of the IP ToS and plus the bit of the MBZ in accordance with the RFC 795 and RFC 1349.

ToS QoS default mapping is like shown in the following in Figure 71:

Figure 71 TOS IP Precedence default queues mapping
To modify the predefined ToS mapping you have to define the wanted ToS Priority mapping, in the ToS/DSCP
Mapping section, as follows:
1) Maps each of the ToS Priority # from 0 to 255 to the proper queue of four available.


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DSCP Prioritization
DSCP prioritized traffic is s mapped to an output queue based on the 6 bits of the DSCP (Differentiated Services Code
Point) field in accordance with RFC 2474 and IEEE 802.1Q-2005.

DSCP QoS default mapping is like shown in the following Figure 72:

Figure 72 DSCP default queues mapping.
1) In the ToS/DSCP Mapping section, from the Mapping Type drop-down list select DSCP Prioritization item.
2) Maps DSCP Tags from 0 to 63 to the 4 queues available.
4) To confirm the new configuration, see paragraph Update/Store Configuration Setting


Page 70 of 121
RTP Priority QoS
Voice over IP is commonly transported using IP Real Time Protocol (RTP). When an application uses RTP, it chooses
for destination ports consecutive numbers. In the case the UDP packets port is between the selected range, OpenWifless
ESS CPE OS maps these packets to the selected queue with its own priority (default is VO queue with
maximum/highest priority).

The RTP Mapping option is implemented to provide an higher level of fine tuning of the VoIP applications that will be
managed by the OpenWifless ESS CPE operating system.

RTP QoS default mapping is like shown in the following Figure 73:

Figure 73 RTP mapping settings
To modify the predefined RTP mapping you have to define the wanted queue mapping, in the RTP Mapping section,
as follows:
1) In the RTP Mapping section, from the Priority drop-down list select the queue to map RTP packets coming
from the filtered port range:
BE: Best Effort
BK: Background
VI: Video
VO: Voice
None
2) Set Start port filtered value.
3) Set End port filtered value.
5) To confirm the new configuration, see paragraph Update/Store Configuration Setting


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WMM-EDCA Priority QoS
The radio module equipping the Wifless ESS CPE device features layer-1-2 traffic prioritization based on WMM-
EDCA (Wireless Multi Media +EDCA) Priority in compliance with the IEEE 802.11e standard.

Check the WMM (IEEE 802.11e) option to enable the WMM-EDCA QoS Engine:

Figure 74 WMM Queues & Classifiers and EDCA parameters
Each radio interface has four hardware WMM queues, as shown in WMM-EDCA Priority QoS. Each packet received
is placed in the proper queue accordingly to the WMM Traffic Prioritization classifiers.
You can fine tune the WMM-EDCA QoS engine setting the following parameters:

ECWmin: Minimumsize of Exponential Contention Window. Maximumvalue is 15.
ECWmax: Maximumsize of Exponential Contention Window. Maximumvalue is 15.
AIFS: Arbitration Inter Frame Space.
TxOpLimit: Transmission Opportunity Limit.
ACM: ACM policy.
No Ack policy: WMM acknowledge policy.

The WMM parameters can be re-set to the defaults by clicking the button Default WMM Parameters.

Apart the No Ack policy parameter, each of the other parameters should be correctly configured for the Access Point
(AP), in the WMM speaking called Channel, and for the Clients (Stations), referred as BSS in the WMM speaking.

Suggested known good-values for the WMM-EDCA Parameters for typical applications are reported in the following
Table 2:

Application
type
PTP Link
Application type PMP Links
WMM
Parameters
with up to 5
CPE
with up to 10
CPE
with up to 20
CPE
with up to 40
CPE
with up to 80
CPE
CW-min 3 4 5 6 7 8
CW-max 10 10 10 10 10 10
Table 2 Suggested CWs WMM Parameters

Note: ECWmin is related to CWmin with the formula CWmin =2
ECWmin
- 1.
ECWmax is related to CWmax with the formula CWmax =2
ECWmax
- 1

For application with more than 20 CPE per sector or for more information on WMM-EDCA, refer also to:
the official Atheros Madwifi manual included in the Documentation CD ROM supplied;
the official Wi-Fi Alliance WMM Power Save White Paper included in the Documentation CD ROM
supplied.

If Aggressive Mode is enabled on the Access Point, be aware that the WMM Parameters set in the AP configuration
will be propagated to all the associated Clients/Stations, so it is necessary to correctly tune these parameters only at the
AP configuration. However, the Client/Station has initial WMM Parameters settings, as shown in Figure 74, that are
used during the initial connection period before to get the configured parameters from the associated AP.


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The Management Settings, Status Monitoring and Performance Metering
Your Wifless ESS CPE device features a single administrative profile, allowing for convenient remote management via
any of the following tools:

http/https server
SSH
Telnet server
Serial port CLI
V1, V2 and V3 standard SNMP agents
Syslog server

In addition, the Wifless ESS CPE device integrates an Iperf tools for troubleshooting purposes.

HTTP/HTTPS Management
This section shows how to enable management operations via http or https.
1) From the Advanced menu on the left hand-side of the OpenWifless page, select Management.
2) In the main window, click tab WWW. In Figure 75 secure http access settings.

Figure 75 Enabling secure remote management via WWW
3) In the WWW section, specify the following parameters:
Server Mode: select http (default value) or https.
Server Port: default value is 80.
Server Access: default value is any.
Secure Client IP Address/Mask: Secure IP Address to access the systemvia HTTP/HTTPS.
5) To confirm your new configuration, see paragraph Update/Store Configuration Setting.


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SSH Management
This section shows how to set management operations via SSH. This mode is enabled by default.
2) In the main window, click tab SSH. In Figure 76 secure SSH access settings.

Figure 76 Remote Management via SSH
3) In the SSH section, specify the following parameters:
Server Access: default value is enabled.
Secure Client IP Address/Mask: Secure IP Address to access the systemvia SSH

Telnet Management
This section shows how to enable management operations via Telnet (disabled by default).
2) In the main window, click tab Telnet. You will get a screen like in Figure 77.

Figure 77 Enabling remote management via Telnet
3) In the Telnet section, specify the following parameters:
Server Access: default value is none.
Secure Client IP Address/Mask: Secure IP Address to access the systemvia Telnet


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Serial RS232 CLI Management (only for HW repair and troubleshooting)
This section shows how to enable management operations via RS232 serial port. This port is enabled by default even if
the serial port is not accessible by customer.
2) In the main window, click tab Serial. You will get a screen like in Figure 78.

Figure 78 Enabling remote management via serial port
3) In the Serial section, tick option Enable.
4) Click on Apply to save your settings, or click Reset to restore previous settings.


Page 75 of 121
SNMP Management
The Wifless ESS CPE device integrates V1, V2c and V3 standard SNMP agents for simple and efficient management
operations. This section shows how to enable these agents.
2) In the main window, click tab SNMP. You will get a screen like in Figure 79.

Figure 79 Enabling SNMP agents for remote management
3) In the SNMP section, specify the following:
Server Access: select which logical interfaces are to be managed via SNMP. Default value is disabled.
4) If you want to use SNMP V1/V2c version, complete section SNMP V1/V2c Settings. Default values are
public for Get Community and private for Set Community.
5) If you want to use SNMP V3 version, complete all fields in section SNMP V3 Settings to match the account
being used for the SNMP V3 agent.
6) In the SNMP Traps section, specify the following :
Trap Destination: IP Address of Trap Server. You can set up to 2 SNMP TRAP Server IP Addresses
Send Network Interface Status: Tick this option if trap when interface is down is desired
6) In the Radio Interface Traps section you can define Traps regarding radio parameters, with the possibility
to define also ranges for alarms.


Page 76 of 121
Syslog Logging / System Events Monitoring
A Syslog server can be used for monitoring your Wifless ESS CPE device. To enable this option, do the following.
2) In the main window, click tab Syslog. You will get a screen like in Figure 80:

Figure 80 Enabling Syslog Server monitoring
3) In the Syslog section, set your Syslog Server IP Address in the Syslog Server field. You can set up to 4
Syslog Server IP Addresses.


Page 77 of 121
Iperf Performance Testing & Metering
This section shows how to enable the built-in Iperf tool. By default, this tool is disabled.
2) In the main window, click tab Iperf. You will get a screen like in Figure 81:

Figure 81 Enabling and use Iperf tool
3) In the Iperf section, tick option Enable to start Iperf Server.
4) In the Protocol drop-down menu select which protocol will be used between TCP and UDP. Default value is
UDP.
5) Complete the following fields:
Port (-p) : Server port to listen on/connect to (default 5001)
Disable Nagle Algorithm (-N) : TCP no delay, disabling Nagle's Algorithm
Window Size (-w) : TCP window size (socket buffer size)Packet Size (-l) : read/write buffer length (default 8 KB)
6) In the Iperf Client Settings section, complete the following fields:
Remote Host IP Address: IP Address of remote iperf peer.
Protocol: protocol used between TCP and UDP. Default value is TCP..
Duplex (-d): Select Half for monodirectional test and Full (-d) for bidirectional test simultaneously
Test Time (-t) : time in seconds to transmit for (default 10 s)
Port (-p) : server port to listen on/connect to (default 5001)
Window Size (-w) : TCP window size (socket buffer size)
Disable Nagle Algorithm (-N) : TCP no delay, disabling Nagle's Algorithm
Bandwidth (-b) : set target bandwidth bits/sec (default 1 Mbit/sec). This setting requires UDP test
Packet Size (-l) : read/write buffer length (default 8 KB)
7) Click Run Test to start a test; the results will be displayed on your screen.


Page 78 of 121
Maintenance Settings
This section shows how to perform the maintenance of your Wifless ESS CPE device.
From the menu list on the left hand-side of the OpenWifless page, click on Maintenance.

General Settings
The parameters reported under the General tab window are:
inventory-only fields used for device identification and administrative notes;
two-key system parameters regarding DNS settings and the automatic logout inactivity timer.

In the Maintenance window, click tab General. You will get a screen like in Figure 82.

Figure 82 General Setup
1) In the General Setup section you can specify the following parameters:
System Name (by default is Wifless_ESS_xxxx where xxxx depends on Model Name)
System Location
System Contact
Domain Name (by default is wifless.com)
Primary Nameserver
Secondary Nameserver
Administrative Inactivity Timer (by default set to 0 minutes)
2) Click Apply to confirm your newly-entered parameters, or click Reset to restore previous values.

Management Accounts and Password Settings
There are four (4) privilege access levels and four (4) predefined Users for the Wifless ESS 1xx / 1xx-D:
Administrator: top privilege level
4
Read-Only supervisor: recommended for monitoring and alerts (usually performed by NMS tools).
, recommended for provisioning and administration via http, https or
SSH servers.
BackUp operator: recommended for automatic backups of configuration files (usually performed by
external machines).
User: recommended for limited end-user access to provisioning of part of the device interfaces and
features.

In order to perform password changes, you must enter a valid User ID and password; User IDs cannot be modified,
while passwords can be changed and reset to default.

Important Note:
These password settings are i mmediatel y applied to the system as you cli ck on the Appl y button!

To change a predefined password, log in as Administrator and click tab Password in the Maintenance OpenWifless
window. You will get a screen like in Figure 83, and then follow the instructions as per each predefined User ID.

4
In this operation mode, a user could potentially damage the file system via SSH.

Page 79 of 121

Figure 83 Setting a new password

Admini strator Profile
By default, the administrator profile is as follows:
User Name: admin
Password: default
To change the password of the Administrator Profile, complete all fields in the Administrator Password section and
click on Change.

Read-Onl y Profile
By default, the Read-Only Operator Profile is as follows:
User Name: readonly
Password: default
To change the password of the Read-Only Operator Profile, complete all fields in the Read-Only Operator Password
section and click on Change.

Backup Profil e
By default, the Backup Operator Profile is as follows:
User Name: backup
Password: default
To change the password of the Backup Operator Profile, complete all fields in the Backup Operator Password section
and click on Change.

User Profil e
By default, the User Operator Profile is as follows:
User Name: user
Password: default
To change the password of the User Operator Profile, complete all fields in the User Operator Password section and
click on Change.

Important Note
If you forget your Admini strator password, the system can be reset to the Factory Defaults User ID
and Password using the ResetWebPwd command as explained in the Reset of the Password of the
Web Admin Account paragraph.
The device will be unlocked either via Serial port under the supervision of the Wifless Support Team.


Page 80 of 121
Time and Date Settings
In the Maintenance window of OpenWifless, click on tab Time and Date. You will get a screen like in Figure 84:

Figure 84 Setting Time and Date
In section Current Time and Date, the current values are displayed in the YYYY-MM-DD format and default to the
CEST (Central European Summer Time) time zone.
To change the current settings, do the following:
1) In section Time and Date Setup, choose between Manual and Get from Time Server.
2) If you have chosen Manual, set Time (hh:mm:ss) and Date (yyyy-mm-dd).
3) If you have chosen Get from Time Server, the system will automatically search a worldwide list of official
public servers for an available NTP/SNTP Server. However, if you prefer to define an NTP/SNTP server of
your own or select a specific one specify the following:

Time Protocol: choose between NTP and SNTP. Default value is NTP
Time Server Address*: IP or Name of desired NTP/SNTP time servers

4) Tick box Enable time server if you want to enable the Local Time Server feature.
5) Move on to section Time Zone Setup and select your Time Zone.
6) Enable Daylight Saving if required.
7) Set Start Date and End Date.
8) Click Apply to store your values, or click Reset to restore previous values.

For your NTP/SNTP service to work correctly, you must set the following parameters first:

DNS (Domain Names Server) entries (see Maintenance General web page and tab);
DG (Default Gateway) for the main logical interface used to reach the NTP/SNTP server(s) specified.

Page 81 of 121
FW Upload Procedure (Upgrade / Downgrade)
Preliminary important notes on firmware upgrade
The Firmware upgrade - also referred to as Operating System Software upgrade - is a critical procedure
that could lead the system to an unusable state if not conducted correctly. Systems left in an unusable
state must be returned to factory for complete firmware re-flashing. The firmware re-flashing is an out-
of-warranty service.
Once started, the Firmware upgrade procedure cannot be stopped and must not be interrupted by
accidental causes. It is important that all devices involved in the traffic data path are kept under UPS
(Uninterruptible Power Supply).
Do not confuse the Firmware upgrade procedure with the Embedded OS replacement. The latter is an
extremely complex operation which should be performed by the manufacturer only. Any other attempt
to perform Embedded OS Replacement will result in the immediate void of the users product warranty.
For Embedded OS Replacement, contact the Wifless Support Team.

Preliminary important notes on firmware downgrade
The Firmware downgrade, also referred to as Operating System Software downgrade, is a very critical
procedure that often lead the system to an unusable state. Systems left in an unusable state must be
returned to factory for a complete firmware re-flashing. The firmware re-flashing is an out-of-warranty
service.
Never perform a Firmware downgrade without an express approval by your local qualified supplier or
by the Wifless Support Team.
Once started, the Firmware downgrade procedure cannot be stopped and must not be interrupted by
accidental causes. It is important that all devices involved in the traffic data path are kept under UPS
(Uninterruptible Power Supply).
After a Firmware downgrade, the device must be reset to Factory Default and only CFG configuration
files which refer to the firmware version restored can be used for a restore procedure.

You can load a different firmware version onto your Wifless ESS CPE device as follows:
1) From the menu on the left hand-side of the OpenWifless page, select Maintenance.
2) From the menu bar on the Maintenance window, select FW Upload. Your screen will look like in Figure
85:

Figure 85 Firmware Upload
3) Click on Browse to locate your image file for firmware binary upgrade. The file extension is .BIN.
4) Once you have selected your BIN file, click Upload. A page like in Figure 86 will be displayed on your
screen:


Page 82 of 121

Figure 86 Confirmation prior to writing flash
5) Confirm your action by clicking on Write to flash, or click Cancel to abort the procedure.
6) The system will reboot automatically after the completion of the flash memory re-writing. It can take up to 5
minutes for the upgrade procedure to be completed. Do not to stop the procedure and do not power off the
Wifless ESS CPE device or any other device connected to it
5
7) If the upgrade procedure has been successfully completed, you will get a screen like in
.
Figure 87.

Figure 87 Upgrade procedure being successfull y completed
8) If your web browser has not automatically refreshed after 5 minutes, either refresh the browser page
manually, or click on the HOME button of the latest cached page; the newly-uploaded firmware version will
be displayed in the top right-hand corner of your screen, like shown in Figure 88.

Figure 88 Newl y-uploaded Firmware Version being displayed

5
If any errors are reported at this stage, try repeating the procedure from step 1. If some errors are still reported, contact
the Wifless Support Team prior to powering off the system, if possible.


Page 83 of 121
Configuration Backup, Restore and Factory Default Settings
The Wifless ESS CPE device allows for easy backup and restore of configuration files. This section shows how to
perform these operations:
1) From the menu on the left hand-side of the OpenWifless page, select Maintenance.
2) From the menu bar on the main window, click on Configuration. Your screen will be as in Figure 89.

Figure 89 Backup and Restore Configuration
From this window, you can either back up the current configuration file onto your computer, restore a
configuration file onto the Wifless ESS 1xx / 1xx-D, or restore all settings to Factory Defaults.
3) To restore all settings to Factory Defaults, click on Reset in section Reset to Factory Defaults. To confirm
the operation, see paragraph Update/Store Configuration Setting.
4) To back up your current system configuration, click on Backup in section Backup Configuration. A
configuration file will be created on your computer and displayed as in Figure 90:

Figure 90 Configuration File created on backup

The Configuration file format depends on the Browser you are using: with Firefox is a TXT file, with IE 7 it is a
MHT file so take care to open the file in HTML format as shown in Figure 90. The TXT format of the
configuration file is shown in the following figure:


Page 84 of 121

Figure 91 TXT Configuration File
5) To restore a system configuration onto your Wifless ESS CPE device, browse your computer for the relevant
configuration file
6
Figure 92
and then click on Upload. The system will take a few seconds to load the configuration
file. If the Configuration file format is not valid, then a message as in will appear:

Figure 92 Invalid Configuration File message
6) Confirm the operation as per paragraph Update/Store Configuration Setting.

Important Notes
Configuration Files are not cross-platforms between major rel eases. Compatibility is reasonabl y
achievable within two successive minor releases, though some parameters may not be correctl y
restored even across close software releases.
If you experi ence any problems when attempting a system backup, copy the screen dump of your
error pages on a clean MS Word document and submit the document to the Wifless Support Team.
Your cooperation will hel p us fix the probl em promptly.

6
File type: txt.

Page 85 of 121
Post Start-up Script Settings
You can edit a post start-up script that is executed in background after the start-up (full initialization) of your Wifless
ESS CPE device.
To edit the post start-up script, follow these instructions:
1) From the menu list on the left hand-side of the OpenWifless page, select Maintenance.
2) From the menu bar in the main window, click on tab Postup Script. A page like in Figure 93 will appear.

Figure 93 Postup script page
3) Write into the blank page the Linux commands, or other defined scripts, you want to be executed in
background after system initialization.
4) Click Apply to store your values, or click Reset to restore previous values.

Important Note
Errors in the Post Start-up Script may prevent the Wifless ESS CPE device to properl y operate and,
in the worst case, may lead the system to an unusable state (i.e.: system does not reboot).
Systems left in an unusable state must be returned to factory for a complete firmware re-flashing.
The firmware re-flashing i s an out-of-warranty servi ce.

Page 86 of 121
Restart (Reboot) Command
You can easily restart/reboot your Wifless ESS CPE device via OpenWifless following the instructions listed below:
6) From the menu list on the left hand-side of the OpenWifless page, select Maintenance.
7) From the menu bar in the main window, click on tab Restart. A page like in Figure 94 will appear.

Figure 94 System Restart
8) In the System Restart section, click button Restart. The system may take up to 2 minutes to reboot.

Important Note
If your Wifless ESS CPE device fails to reboot within 5 minutes, try forcing a system reboot either by
powering off and on your IDU, or by di sconnecting and reconnecting your LAN cabl e. If the problem
persi sts, copy the screen dump of your error pages on a clean MS Word document and submit the
document to the Wifless Support Team. Your cooperation will help us fi x the probl em promptl y.


Page 87 of 121
Update/Store Configuration Settings
Prior to updating the configuration of your Wifless ESS CPE device, a prompt message like that shown in Figure 95
will be displayed in the top right-hand corner of your OpenWifless page; this reminds you that some changes have been
made as to your system configuration and that you may want to confirm these changes before they become effective.

Figure 95 Update Prompt
1) On clicking the Update Prompt, a page like in Figure 96 will appear on your OpenWifless window as a final
prompt to confirm your new configuration:

Figure 96 Updating Flash Configuration
2) On clicking on Update, your new configuration will be saved as Current Flash Configuration and the
previous configuration will be moved to Backup Flash Configuration. The Version counter will be
increased and a Reboot button will appear as shown in Figure 97; your changes will not be effective until you
accept to reboot the system.

Figure 97 Flash Configuration successfull y updated
3) Click Reboot when a reboot of your system is acceptable please note that all the services being currently
delivered will be temporary disrupted. After rebooting the system, your modifications will eventually be
effective.

Note about Version number displ ayed
The Current Fl ash Configuration Version being displayed is automaticall y determined by the system
according to the number of modifications that have been made. Therefore, the OpenWifless page
may display a gap between Current Flash Confi guration Version and Backup Flash Configuration
Version which is greater than 1, as shown in Figure 97.

This gap does not affect the current configuration of your Wifless ESS CPE device or its
functionalities; rather, it is simpl y related to its history from the time of manufacturing until the latest
FW upgrade.


Page 88 of 121
Accessing the Command Line Interfaces
The Wifless ESS CPE device supports the quite standard Linux kernel 2.6 Command Line Interfaces for the benefit of
advanced users.

For a detailed description of the available commands and usage, please refer to:
the Linux manuals and documentation (http://www.linux.org/docs/);
the Madwifi manuals and documentation included in the Documentation CD ROM supplied.

For security reasons, some Command Line Interfaces are disabled by default as the input of some improper commands
into the system may lead it to an unusable state.

SSH Connection
Enabled by default;
Connection settings as follows:
IP Address: same address of Wifless ESS CPE device
Port: 22 (default SSH port)
Login account:
Username : root
Password : default
To change the password of root administrative account, use the Linux standard passwd command.

TCP-IP Telnet Remote Connection
Disabled by default;
Connection settings as follows:
IP Address: same address of Wifless ESS CPE device
Port: 23 (default Telnet port)
Login account:
Username : root
Password : default
To change the password of root administrative account, use the Linux standard passwd command.


Page 89 of 121
Troubleshooting Tips & Special Wifless ESS Utilities

How to View/Get the Startup/Boot Sequence System Log
After you Login the Wifless ESS CPE device, browse the URL http://x.x.x.x/startup, where x.x.x.x is the IP Address of
the device. A page like in Figure 98 will appear:

Figure 98 Startup WEB Page

In the Startup WEB page is shown the sequence of the operations done by the OS from the reboot.

Note
If the startup operation has been not successfully completed, you will get Error or Warning
Messages.


Page 90 of 121
How to Know the Radio Links Status
Home Page Radio Interface Background Color Codes
Herein following the Home Page Radio Interface Background Color Codes explanation:

STATE Color RGB
Explanation
Init FF FF CC
Interface initialization, or during DFS/Radar CAC, or admin down.
Scan C0 FF FF
Radio interface scanning for AP.
Auth C0 C0 FF
Radio/client Authentication.
Assoc C0 FF C0
Radio/client Association.
Run

FF FF FF
Radio normal operation.

Radio Link Information
If the radio link is well established, after you Login into the Wifless ESS CPE device, a page like in Figure 99 will
appear:

Figure 99 Station HomePage when radio link well established
In the Wireless Information Side are the following information:
Interface: Description Name of the Radio Interface
SSID: Defined SSID.
BSSID/MAC: BSSID/MAC of the connected device. If Hide SSID option enabled in the Access Point, no SSID information
displayed.
Channel: Channel defined in the Access Point
SNR: Signal to Noise Ratio measured value of the radio link
RSL/Noise: Received Signal Level and Noise measured values.
Rate: Trasmission Rate
Tx Power: Tx Power defined value. Between brackets if ATPC changes it.
Security: Security Protocol used.
Link Uptime: Time fromlast Radio Link establishment.

In the Scanning Information Side are the following information:
Interface: Description Name of the Radio Interface
SSID: Defined SSID
BSSID: BSSID of the connected Access Point. If Hide SSID option enabled in the Access Point, no SSID information displayed.
Channel: Channel defined in the Access Point
Beaconn RSL: BeaconSignal to Noise Ratio measured value of the radio link
Max. Rate: MaximumTrasmission Rate
Information Elements: Information Elements about Radio Link Supported Features and Vendor Specific Parameters (these
information are broadcasted by the Beacons)
Security: Security Protocol used.
Interval: Beacon Time Interval (milliseconds)

In the Ethernet Information Side are the following information:
Interface: Description Name of the Ethenrnet/Switch Interface
MAC: MAC Address of the Ethenrnet/Switch Interfaces connected with
IP: IP Address of the Ethenrnet/Switch Interfaces connected with

If something wrong, can happens that the wireless information side is empty or all the informations are shown in
Secondary (Orange) color as in Figure 100 meaning NO LINK:


Page 91 of 121

Figure 100 Station Association Problems


Page 92 of 121
Reset to Factory Default and Restore the Backup Flash Configuration via MAC
Address using the LanReset tool
The LanReset tool is useful to reset to Factory Default and to restore the Backup Flash Configuration of the Wifless
ESS CPE device via the Ethernet MAC address.
This utility, mainly needed when the device IP is forgot or when the device does not correctly boot and operate, uses
special EAPOL Ethernet frames.

To use it, you will only need to have the physical L2 Ethernet connection to the device and to know its Ethernet MAC
address.

LanReset for Windows XP
To use LanReset version for Windows XP, please follow the instructions below:

1) Take care to use a PC/Laptop with Microsoft Windows XP 32bit edition. LanReset for Windows works only
on Windows XP 32 bit edition.
2) Enable in your PC/Laptop the Wireless Zero Configuration service:
3) In Start Run type service.msc: this command open the services window where it is possible to find the
Wireless Zero Configuration as in the following Figure 101.

Figure 101 Services window
4) Select Wireless Zero Configuration and change the Startup Option from Manual to Automatic, like shown in
Figure 102, then the service is enabled.


Page 93 of 121

Figure 102 Wireless Zero Configuration Startup option

Reset to Factory Default
To reset to Factory Default settings please follow the instructions below:
1) Copy the file lanreset.exe in the directory you want and then issue the command

lanreset device_mac_address default default

taking care to type the MAC address without the : separators, as shown in Figure 103:

Figure 103 Windows LanReset default command output
2) The Wifless ESS CPE device will restart to its factory Default settings.

Do not worry if you get erros from Windows CLI, as reported in Figure 103, it is only a matter of Windows, the lanreset
tool worked fine anyway. Wait for your Wifless ESS CPE device to reboot and access it at its Factory Default IP
Address, 192.168.2.100.

Restore to Backup Flash Configuration
To restore to the Backup Flash Configuration settings please follow the instructions below:
1) Copy the file lanreset.exe in the directory you want and then issue the command

lanreset device_mac_address default revert


Page 94 of 121

Figure 104 Windows LanReset revert command output
2) The Wifless ESS ProNODE device will restart to its Backup Flash Configuration settings.

Do not worry if you get erros from Windows CLI, as reported in Errore. L'origine riferimento non stata trovata., it
is only a matter of Windows, the lanreset tool worked fine anyway. Wait for your Wifless ESS CPE device to reboot
and access it at its Backup Configuration IP Address.

LanReset for Linux
To use LanReset version for Linux, copy the file lanreset in the directory you want.

Reset to Factory Default
To reset to Factory Default settings please follow the instructions below:
1) Issue the following command from the directory where you copied Lanreset

.\lanreset device_mac_address default default


Figure 105 Linux LanReset default command output.
2) The Wifless ESS CPE device will restart to its factory Default settings.

Wait for your Wifless ESS CPE device to reboot and access it at its Factory Default IP Address, 192.168.2.100.

Restore to Backup Flash Configuration
To restore to the Backup Flash Configuration settings please follow the instructions below:
1) Issue the following command from the directory where you copied Lanreset

lanreset device_mac_address default revert


Figure 106 Linux LanReset revert command output.
2) The Wifless ESS CPE device will restart to its Backup Flash Configuration settings.

Wait for your Wifless ESS CPE device to reboot and access it at its Backup Configuration IP Address.


Page 95 of 121
Main Useful CLI Commands

Save the Current and Backup Configurations
To save the Current and Backup Configurations (also referred as Config1 and Config2) in the Wifless ESS CPE device
using CLI instead of the Web GUI procedure described in the Configuration Backup, Restore and Factory Default
Settings, please follow the following instructions.

1) Access the device CLI via SSH or Telnet (SSH is preferred for security).
2) Issue the command saveconfig as shown in Figure 107.

Figure 107 Saveconfig command
3) Issue the command saveconfig 1, as shown in Figure 107, to save the main configuration (usually the current)
and/or issue the command saveconfig 2 to save the backup configuration.

The two files are saved in the directory /tmp with the names Config-hostname.domain_name-YYYYmmDDHHMM-
1.cfg and Config-hostname.domain_name-YYYYmmDDHHMM-2.cfg as shown in the following Figure 108:

Figure 108 Saved file names


Page 96 of 121
Reset of the Password of the Web Admin Account
To reset to Factory Default value the Wifless ESS CPE device Password for Web Admin Account, we developed a tool
named ResetWebPwd: this utility helps you to recover the Password of the Web Admin Account resetting it to its
default value, that it means default.

ResetWebPwd
To use ResetWebPwd, please follow the instructions below:

2) Change to /usr/lib/sysconfig/ directory.
3) Issue the command ./resetwebpwd as shown in Figure 109

Figure 109 ResetWebPwd Directory
4) The Password is automatically changed and it will works on the next Web access.

Get the System Inventory
To get via CLI a useful device system inventory report, is possible to use the getinventory command.

To use the getinventory command, please follow the instructions below:

2) Type getinventory and click enter: you will get a screen dump as the following in:

Figure 110 getinventory Command output


Page 97 of 121
Get the Operating System Version
To know via CLI the firmware version installed and running on the Wifless ESS 1xx / 1xx-D, there is the command
named version. To use the version command, please follow the instructions below:

2) Type version and click enter: you will get a screen dump as the following in Figure 111:

Figure 111 Version Command output

ps Command
The Linux ps command is used to list all the processes active (currently running) in the system.
To use ps command, please follow the instructions below:

2) Type ps and click enter, you will get a screen dup as shown in Figure 112:

Figure 112 Ps Command output.


Page 98 of 121
dmesg Command
The Linux dmesg command prints-out the boot-up diagnostic messages, so it is very useful for troubleshooting
hardware errors or start-up scripts errors.
To use dmesg follow the instructions below:

2) Issue the command dmesg, you will receive the whole boot sequence dump, like the one shown in Figure 113:

Figure 113 dmesg Command output

Page 99 of 121
logread Command
The Linux logread command prints-out the boot-up diagnostic messages in a more detailed way than the dmesg
command, stamping also the date and time information for each logged event.
Security related logs about WPA/WPA2 rekeying and Radius AAA logs are reported.
To use logread follow the instructions below:

2) Issue the command logread, you will receive the whole boot sequence dump, like the one shown in Figure
114:

Figure 114 logread Command output


Page 100 of 121
iwconfig and ifconfing Commands
The Linux iwconfig and ifconfig commands are used to set many common parameters of the most used devices.
To properly use ifconfig standard Linux command, please refer to the Linux Hot-to guide (not included in the
Documentation CD ROM).
To properly use iwconfig standard Madwifi command, please refer to the official Atheros Madwifi manual included in
the Documentation CD ROM supplied.
To basically use the iwconfig command, please refer to its usage follow the instructions below:

2) Type iwconfig h and click to get the usage help as shown in the following Figure 115:

Figure 115 iwconfig Command usage output

atop Command
The Linux atop command is an interactive monitor to view the system load of a Linux system.
It shows the load/occupation of the most critical hardware-resources (from a performance point of view) of the system
(i.e.: CPU, memory, disk, network interfaces).
It also shows which processes are responsible for the main system load/overload.
To use atop command, please follow the instructions below:

2) Type atop and click enter receiving a screen like in the following Figure 116 and Figure 117:

Do not take care of the initilization warning message, it is just for information

Figure 116 atop initialization output


Page 101 of 121

Figure 117 atop Command typical output
Tip & Trick: Use the command atop -1 to have the screen updates every second.

NOTE: Dont let open this command for long time because is a very high resources-consumer.

watch Command
The Linux watch command is useful to execute a program, or a script periodically.
To use watch command, please follow the instructions below:

2) Type watch and click enter receiving a screen like in the following Figure 118:

Figure 118 watch Command usage output
3) To execute the program athstats i wifi0 each 1 second type the command as in the following Figure 119:

Figure 119 watch Command typical usage


Page 102 of 121
Appendix A
Ethernet/PoE IP67 RJ45 Connector Wiring Diagram
The Wifless ESS CPE device employs an high quality standard ETH/LAN RJ 45 Ethernet Connector.
The Ethernet Connectors pin-outs (wiring) are compliant with the EIA-TIA T568B standard for performance and
cabling rules and with the IEEE 802.3af standard for PoE wiring.

Figure 120 shows the pin-outs for both sides the RJ 45 connectors.

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
1-2 Eth Tx
3-6 Eth Rx
9 GND
Shield
4-5 (+)
7-8 (-)
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
1-2 Eth Tx
3-6 Eth Rx
9 GND
Shield
4-5 (+)
7-8 (-)

Figure 120 - Standard RJ45 Shielded Connector (Front view)

Standard
EIA-TIA T568B
Cable Color:
Standard RJ45
Connector EIA-
TIA 568B Pin:
IEEE 802.3af
Standard Use:
White-Orange 1 Pair 2 Ethernet Tx or Rx
Orange 2 Pair 2 Ethernet Tx or Rx
White-Green 3 Pair 3 Ethernet Rx or Tx
Blue 4 Pair 1 PoE +VDC
White- Blue 5 Pair 1 PoE +VDC
Green 6 Pair 3 Ethernet Rx or Tx
White-Browne 7 Pair 4 PoE -VDC
Brown 8 Pair 4 PoE -VDC
Shield / Nude wire 9 Protective Ground / Shield
Table 3 Match between wires (colors) and pin numbers

Page 103 of 121
When assembling your indoor-to-outdoor cable, follow the EIA-TIA-568A/B wiring guidelines on cable pairing,
twisting, total cable length, welding and crimping. Use professional crimping tools designed for the RJ 45 standard.
As per EIA/TIA-568A/B, your Channel Link must not exceed 110 m in length. See Figure 121 for a definition of
Channel Link.

Figure 121 EIA-TIA 568A/B Channel Link

Therefore, your ODU must not be placed further than 110 m apart from the first network device you intend to connect
to your ODU. This first network device may be either your PC, a server, a LAN Ethernet switch, or a front-end IP
router.
The position of your IDU corresponds either to the Cross Connect or to the Outlet in Figure 121. Therefore, your IDU
must not be placed further than 90 m apart from your ODU. This is the maximum length allowed for your indoor-to-
outdoor FTP cable.


Page 104 of 121
Appendix B
Max RF Output Power as per Country Rules and Selected Antenna
Attention! Read these notes carefully before you attempt to operate the equipment!

Legal Notes for EU - ETSI Countries - Attention!
This equipment is compliant with the EU Directive R&TTE 1999-05-CE, however it is subject to Local Country Usage
Limitation and Restriction. Prior to operation, consult your local Radio Regulatory Authority. The Technical
Construction File is available for authority inspection at the Essentia S.p.A. R&D Department based in Via G.B. Vico,
29 - 42100 Reggio Emilia (RE), Italy. For additional details, feel free to contact us at support@essentia.eu: we will be
glad to assist you in getting in touch with our local Qualified Partners or with your Country Radio Regulatory
Authority.

Legal Notes for USA & Canada - FCC Countri es - Attention!
This equipment is compliant with the FCC Rule Parts 15C & 15E, however its operation is subject to the condition that
it may not cause harmful interference. The usage of this device may be subject to Local Country Usage Limitation and
Restriction. Prior to operation, consult your local Radio Regulatory Authority. The Technical Construction File is
available for authority inspection at the Essentia S.p.A. R&D Dep, based inVia G.B. Vico, 29 - 42100 Reggio Emilia
(RE), Italy. For additional details, feel free to contact us at support@essentia.eu: we will be glad to assist you in getting
in touch with our local Qualified Partners or with your Country Radio Regulatory Authority.

Attenzione! Leggere con attenzione questo documento prima delluso!
Note Legali Specifiche per l'Italia - Attenzione!
Questo prodotto conforme ai requisiti essenziali della Direttiva Europea 1999-05-CE, recepita con il D.L.vo
9/05/2001 n. 269 e sue successive modifiche ed integrazioni, incluso quanto previsto dalla Decisione UE 2005-513-CE,
per tanto luso dello stesso soggetto allottemperanza di quanto previsto dal D.Lgs. 1/08/2003 n. 259 e sue successive
modifiche ed integrazioni. In particolare si avvisa che luso soggetto a limitazioni di potenza e di frequenza
impiegabili, come pure soggetto allottenimento di Autorizzazione Generale se utilizzato al di fuori di propri fondi. Il
TCF a disposizione delle Autorit Competenti presso Essentia S.p.A., Direzione Tecnica, Via G.B. Vico, 29 - 42100
Reggio Emilia (RE). Per maggiori ragguagli e per una prima assistenza, non esitate a contattarci scrivendo a
support@essentia.eu, saremo lieti di fornirvi i pi ampi dettagli in merito alle normative vigenti e ad assistervi
mettendovi in contatto con il ns. pi vicino Rivenditore Qualificato o con lIspettorato Territoriale del Ministero delle
Comunicazioni di vs. competenza.

Why I need to read the notes above?
Radio Regulations are in continue evolution worldwide due to the acts of local authorities, and so are the consequent
technical restrictions. As a result, you need to be notified of any limitation imposed on the use of the product by your local
authority. In order to meet these legal requirements, we strongl y recommend that you consult your local supplier and your
Radio Regulatory Authority about any limitations on RF parameters, such as output power and frequencies allocation or RF
channel bandwidth availability.

For general information on Radio Regulatory, refer to the official Atheros White Paper Atheros Regulatory
whitepaper.pdf provided along with the Wifless Documentation CD Rom.
Up-to-date Atheros WP releases can be freely downloaded at http://www.super-ag.com/papers.html.

For further detailed information about technical limitations in the major countries, refer to:
ETSI for European Union areas of operation (http://www.etsi.org/)
FCC for United States of America and Canada areas of operation (http://www.fcc.gov/)
TELEC for J apan areas of operation (http://www.telec.or.jp/)

European Union Specific Basic ETSI Rules
In accordance with the European Decision EU Dec 2005/513/CE, the following band-specific limitations to the
Equivalent isotropically radiated power (EIRP) apply
7
In the band 2.4-2.4835 GHz, the max EIRP is of 100 mW =20 dBm
:
In the band 5.15-5.35 GHz, the max EIRP is of 200 mW =23 dBm with DFS and ATPC
In the band 5.47-5.725 GHz, the max EIRP is of 1 W =30 dBm with DFS and ATPC

7
For a more detailed overview of EIRP restrictions, see the documentation in the CD-ROM supplied with the
equipment.

Page 105 of 121
ETSI Max RF Tx Power Calculation Formula for your Antenna
Considering these max EIRP limitations, the max Tx power allowed can be computed with the following simple
formula (in dBm in accordance with the equipment menu field):
Max_Tx_Power_Allowed (in dBm) =Max_EU_Allowed_EIRP_in_that_band (in dBm) Selected_Antenna_Gain (in
dBi) +Selected_RF_Cable_Insertion_Loss.

So, for example, if we set up an outdoor point-to-point link in the 5.6 GHz band, connecting the antenna WFL PPA 56-
23 through the RF cable kit WFL EKCRF02, the formula will be:
Max_Tx_Power_Allowed (in dBm) =30 23 +2 =9 dBm
Therefore, the maximum value for selection in the Tx Power field of your radio interface will be 9 dBm.


Normative Tecniche Specifiche per il Mercato Italiano (ETSI Italia)
In accordo con la Decisione Europea EU 2005/513/CE necessario rispettare i limiti di potenza EIRP e di densit
spettrale di potenza definiti, come indicato nel documento originale incluso nel CD Rom che accompagna lapparato, e
come sinteticamente qui di seguito riportiamo (solo i valori massimi di EIRP):
Nella banda 2.4-2.4835 GHz, la EIRP massima ammessa di 100 mW =20 dBm
o In tale banda ammesso sia un uso Indoor che Outdoor
Nella banda 5.15-5.35 GHz, la EIRP massima ammessa di 200 mW =23 dBm con DFS ed ATPC
o In tale banda ammesso solo un uso Indoor
Nella banda 5.47-5.725 GHz, la EIRP massima ammessa di 1 W =30 dBm con DFS ed ATPC
o In tale banda ammesso sia un uso Indoor che Outdoor

Formula ETSI per il Calcolo della Potenza Max Applicabile in Antenna
In considerazione di questi limiti sullEIRP massimo, la massima potenza RF impostabile sullapparato pu essere cos
semplicemente calcolata (espressa in dBm in accordo con lunit metrica utilizzata nel men di configurazione
dellapparato):
Max_Tx_Power_Impostabile (in dBm) = Max_EIRP_ammesso_nella_banda_selezionata (in dBm) Guadagno_
Antenna_Selezionata (in dBi) +Perdita_Introdotta_Cavo_RF_Selezionato.

Per esempio, considerando di voler correttamente configurare un apparato preposto alla realizzazione di un punto-punto
outdoor sulla banda dei 5.6 GHz, utilizzando unantenna tipo WFL PPA 56-23 collegata con un cavo RF tipo WFL
EKCRF02, la formula di calcolo sar:
Max_Tx_Power_Impostabile (in dBm) =30 23 +2 =9 dBm
Quindi, 9 sar il massimo numero che si dovr impostare nel campo Tx Power della relativa interfaccia radio.

Note Tecniche e Legali Importanti
Per garantirsi la validit della Dichiarazione di Conformit CE originale emessa da Essentia e per garantirsi che
loperativit dellapparato nel suo complesso sia conforme alla Direttiva R&TTE 1999/05/CE ed alla Decisione
2005/513/CE necessario:
Usare solo antenne Essentia Wifless originali ed approvate per lapparato radio specifico impiegato
Usare solo cavi RF Essentia Wifless originali ed approvate per lapparato radio specifico impiegato
Non dimenticarsi di impostare correttamente il parametro di Radio Country Code con il codice 380: ITALY
Reg: 55

Si fa presente che l'uso degli apparati Wideband Data Transmission Systems che operano nelle bande di frequenze
2400-2483,5 MHz, 5150-5350 MHz (all'interno di edifici) e 5470-5725 MHz, regolamentato da:
i. d.l.vo 1 agosto 2003, n.259, articoli 104 (attivit soggette ad autorizzazione generale) e 105 (libero uso), per
uso privato;
ii. d.M. 28 maggio 2003 e successive modifiche, per la fornitura al pubblico dell'accesso R-LAN alle reti e ai
servizi di telecomunicazioni.
iii. d.M. 12 luglio 2007.


Page 106 of 121
Appendix C
Contacting the Wifless Support Team
Preliminary Note
In order for you to enjoy prompt technical support in your own language, your first port of call should be your local
supplier. Usually, your local supplier is also our local reseller, and your best bet for 1
st
level assistance as they are
familiar with your application domain and its typical problems.
In addition, our local representative can promptly issue an RMA for the product to be returned to our facility for repairs.
Our local representative will be responsible for the shipment.

What we need
Make sure you can provi de the Wifless Support Team with the following information:
i. Serial Number and Model/Item Code of your Wifless ESS equipment.
ii. Screen dumps of status pages on a clean MS Word document.
iii. A copy of your configuration file; see instructions in paragraph Configuration Backup,
Restore and Factory Default Settings .
iv. A description of your application scenario and nearby network configuration.
Your cooperation will enable us to fix the problem quickl y.

If you seem to have any problems with your Wifless ESS equipment, escalate as follows:
1) Contact your Local Supplier, whom is usually our Qualified Local Reseller and System Integrator as well.
They will provide 1
st
level support in your language and contact local qualified on-site engineers if you need
a call-out. Your supplier is your best bet for quick problem resolution and replacement of faulty units.
2) Contact our Official Distributors for your country. If your Local Supplier has been unable to provide a
satisfactory solution to your problem or request, our accredited distributors operating in your country will
give you further assistance in your language. For a list of our Official Distributors in your country, just email
us at support@essentia.eu typing "Looking for Official Distributors in my country" into the Subject and
inserting your full address in the body of text. Our support team will reply to you in English within one
business day, according to Italy local time and business calendar. We can arrange for our distributor to
contact you directly.
3) Contact Essentia Wifless Support. If neither your supplier nor your distributor has been able to assist
you satisfactorily, or if you prefer to get in touch with us directly, just email us at support@essentia.eu
typing "Asking for direct support" into the subject and inserting your full address in the body of text.
Provide a detailed description of your problem. The Wifless Support Team will take care of your email
to determine the cause of your problem. If our support team detects any problem (HW or SW)
affecting your equipment, a reply in English will be sent within five business day, according to Italy
local time and business calendar. If your email does not describe an actual problem with your
equipment - i.e. you just need help on system setup - the Wifless Support Team may not reply to your
email, or will simply ask you to raise a ticket for it.


Page 107 of 121
Appendix D
Product and Company Certifications
CE Declaration of Conformity for Wifless ESS 125 and ESS 125S


Page 108 of 121
CE Declaration of Conformity for Wifless ESS 125-D


Page 109 of 121
CE Declaration of Conformity for Wifless ESS 151 and ESS 151S


Page 110 of 121
CE Declaration of Conformity for Wifless WFL R108F25X(B) Radio Module


Page 111 of 121
ETSI R&TTE 99-05 Certification for Wifless WFL R108F25X(B) Radio Module


Page 112 of 121
Company ISO 9001 : Visi on 2000 Certifi cate


Page 113 of 121
Appendix E
Waste Equipment Disposal Instruction

Disposal of Waste Equipment by Users in Private Households in the European Union
The crossed trash can symbol on the product or on its packaging indicates that this product must not be disposed of with
your other household waste. Instead, it is your responsibility to dispose of your waste equipment by handing it over to a
designated collection point for the recycling of waste electrical and electronic equipment. The separate collection and
recycling of your waste equipment at the time of disposal will help to conserve natural resources and ensure that it is
recycled in a manner that protects human health and the environment. For more information about where you can drop
off your waste equipment for recycling, please contact your local city office, your household waste disposal service or
the shop where you purchased the product.

Smaltimento di apparecchiature da rottamare da parte di privati nell'Unione Europea
Il simbolo del bidone dei rifiuti barrato che appare sul prodotto o sulla confezione indica che il prodotto non deve essere
smaltito assieme agli altri rifiuti domestici. Gli utenti devono provvedere allo smaltimento delle apparecchiature da
rottamare portandole al luogo di raccolta indicato per il riciclaggio delle apparecchiature elettriche ed elettroniche. La
raccolta e il riciclaggio separati delle apparecchiature da rottamare in fase di smaltimento favoriscono la conservazione
delle risorse naturali e garantiscono che tali apparecchiature vengano rottamate nel rispetto dell'ambiente e della tutela
della salute. Per ulteriori informazioni sui punti di raccolta delle apparecchiature da rottamare, contattare il proprio
comune di residenza, il servizio di smaltimento dei rifiuti locale o il negozio presso il quale stato acquistato il
prodotto.


Page 114 of 121
Appendix F
Copyrights, Trademarks and Credits
Copyrights
Linux kernel is by Linus Torvalds and used under GNU GPL license.
OpenIXP Original Applications Embedded within the OpenWifless ESS Operating System are of Essentia S.p.A.
OpenWifless Original Applications and Protocols/Stacks are of Essentia S.p.A. and/or of its controlled company
OpenWifless K.f.t. Gruppo Essentia.
All other Linuxs Applications Embedded within the OpenWifless ESS Operating System are by the respective
owners and used under GNU GPL license or Free BSD license.
Infineon ADM5120 Software, Drivers and Boot-loader are of Infineon Technologies and used under Infineons
authorisation.
Atheros AR 5005 and 5006 HAL and related Software are of Atheros Corporation and used under Atheros
authorisation and license.

Source codes of the GNU GPL and Free BSD licensed software modules embedded within the OpenWifless ESS
Operating System are available on request from the OpenWifless Support Team. Software modules modified by
Essentia are available directly from the official download area of the related development team.
For any issue or for any details about the Open-Source modules embedded in the OpenWifless ESS Operating
System, contact our Wifless Support Team writing to support@essentia.eu.

For any legal issue related to software Copyrights or use of licences, contact the Essentia Legal Department in any of
the following way:
Email legalmail@essentia.it;
Fax +39 0522 948.333 to Attention of the Legale Rappresentante;
Write to Essentia S.p.A., Via G.B. Vico 29, 42100 Reggio Emilia (RE), Italy, specifying Attention of the
Legale Rappresentante.

Trademarks
Essentia
, Advasu
, Nexit
, Wifless
, OpenWifless
and/or other products and/or services referenced herein are

either registered trademarks, trademarks or service marks of Essentia S.p.A., Italy.

Infineon
, ADMtek
, ADM5120 and/or other similar products referenced herein are either registered trademarks,
trademarks or service marks of Infineon Technologies AG, Germany.

Atheros
, SuperG/AG
, eXtended Range
and/or other similar products and/or services referenced herein are either
registered trademarks, trademarks or service marks of Atheros Corporation, USA.

All other names are or may be the trademarks of their respective owners.


Page 115 of 121
Appendix G
The Latin Sentences
Dear reader, hoping you will enjoy to know the meaning of the Latin sentences that come along with our trademarks
Wifless
and OpenWifless
, we provide you herein the literal translation and the real meaning we want to
communicate.

ALEA IACTA EST
ALEA IACTA EST (pronunciation [jakta a:la st], but all in capital letters because lower case simply was not yet
invented at that time!) is the Latin sentence that means The die has been cast.

The ancient writer Suetonius reported that the Roman leader J ulius Caesar (the correct name writing is GAIVS J VLIVS
CSAR) said it on the night of J anuary 12, 49 BC (yes, more than 2000 years ago!), as he led his army across the River
Rubicon in northern Italy, violating the Law of that time. With this step, he entered the domestic country heading his
army against the Roman Senate, becoming the dictator J ulius Caesar and beginning his long civil war against Pompey
and the Optimates.

The phrase is still used today to mean that events have passed a point of no return.

With the establishment of the Wifless
brand and phylosophy, Essentia wants to strongly highlight that a new

disruptive generation of advanced networking products arrived on the market challening the major vendor and changing
the level of the competition.

As has been for us developing our exceptional Wifless
products, you should experience the same new fantastic feeling

of innovation and extreme performace using our products.
If so it will be, you should feel something so disruptive that it will make you in love with our products and, at that time,
ALEA IACTA EST!

FABER FORTVN
QVIVSQV FABER FORTVN SV EST is an other very famous Latin sentence that means Every man is the
maker of his own fortune.

The sentence is ascribed to the Roman consol Appius Claudius Caecus by the Roman senator Gaius Sallustius
Crispus and dated aroud the 50 BC.
Sallustius used this famous sentence in the first two letters he wrote to J ulius Caesar senator.

The meaning of the sentece is extremely clear and simply underline that the life of everybody is quite totally in himself
capability and obstinacy.

We use this sentence to underline the flexibility and the virtually ulimited operating capabilities of our OpenWifless

operating systems that totally unleashed the power of your mind.

With our OpenWifless
operating systems you are really the FABER FORTVN of your network!


Page 116 of 121
User Notes


Page 117 of 121
User Notes Page 2


Page 118 of 121
User Notes Page 3


Page 119 of 121
User Notes Page 4


Page 120 of 121
User Notes Page 5


Page 121 of 121

&
ESS
Technologies Powered by Essentia

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WiFlEss

Wireless Outdoor CPE

and/or other products and/or services referenced here in

ESS CPE Product Line ......................................................... 11

ESS 1xx, ESS 1xxS and ESS 1xx-D Series ............................. 12

ESS CPE Operating System Main Features .................................................. 14

Open Platform ........................................................... 27

ESS CPE Wireless Operating System ............................................... 27

ESS 1xx, ESS 1xxS and ESS 1xx-D Package Contents

ESS CPE Product Line

is glad to present the Wifless

ESS CPE product line made by the Wifless

ESS 1xx, ESS 1xxS and ESS

Network Processors and a Mini-PCI RF module.

ESS 1xx-D are Detached

(proprietary standard 108 Mbps) and the Atheros eXtended Range

ESS 1xx, ESS 1xxS and ESS 1xx-D Series

ESS 1xx / ESS 1xx-D can provide internetworking capability with

ESS CPE Operating System Main Features

ESS CPE Wireless Operating System

users can obtain the best consistency of performance across the

ESS CPE operating system. However,

ESS CPE OS is a completely open system which features a re-writeable

ESS CPE OS, in the same

ESS CPE OS is an Open

and/or other products and/or services referenced herein are

brand and phylosophy, Essentia wants to strongly highlight that a new

products, you should experience the same new fantastic feeling

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