General Awareness

India at a glance
Capital: New Delhi
Area: 3.3 Million sq. km
Latitude: ! ""# and 3$! 3%# north latitude
Longitude: &! '# and ('! )$# east longitude
*+cial Language: ,indi
-otal .ecogni/ed Languages: ))
-otal Coast Line: '0$1. km
Area co2ered 34 5orest: & million hectares
6opulation: 10)1%01(30")) 7illion
Male: )3.' million
5emale: $&." million
6opulation Growth .ate: 1." per cent during )%%18)%11
Densit4 o9 6opulation: 3'%.&:km)
;e< .atio: ("%
Literac4 .ate: '".%"=
Male: &).1"=
5emale: $."=
;tate: )&
>nion -erritories: '
Largest ;tate: .a?asthan
;mallest ;tate: Goa
National 6ark: 1%)
@ildli9e ;anctuaries: ""1
Largest Cit4: Mum3ai
Calling Code: A(1
National Motto: ;at4ame2a Ba4ate
National ;ong: Cande Mataram
National Anthem: Bana Gana Mana
,ighest 6oint: Mount Godwin8Austen0 )&0)$1 9t
Currenc4: Indian .upee
-ime Done: GM- A %$:3%
Li9e E<pectanc4 .ate
Male: $.& 4ears
5emale: &.1 4ears
Ethnic Groups: Australoid0 Mongoloid0 Europoid0 Caucasian0
and Negroid
National Da4s: )th Banuar4 F.epu3lic Da4G
1$th August FIndependence Da4G
)nd *cto3er FGandhi Ba4antiH Mahatma
Gandhi#s 7irthda4G
National 7ird: Indian peacock
National 5lower: Lotus
National -ree: 7an4an -ree
National .i2er: -he Ganga
National Aquatic Animal: .i2er Dolphin
National Animal: -iger
National 5ruit: Mango

Indian ;tates0 Capitals and ;tate Area
N
o
State/Union Territory Capital State Area (sq
km)
1 Andaman and Nico3ar Islands 6ort 7lair &0)"(
2 Andhra 6radesh ,4dera3ad )'$0%"$
3 Arunachal 6radesh Itanagar &30'"3
4 Assam Dispur '&0$$%
5 7ihar 6atna ((0)%%
6 Chandigarh Chandigarh 11"
7 Chhattisgarh .aipur 13$01("
Dadra and Nagar ,a2eli ;il2assa "(1
! Daman and Diu Daman 11)
1
"
National Capital -erritor4 o9
Delhi
Delhi 110)('
1
1
Goa 6ana?i 30'%)
1
2
Gu?arat Gandhinagar 1(0%)"
1 ,ar4ana Chandigarh ""0)1)
3
1
4
,imachal 6radesh ;himla $$0'3
1
5
Bammu and Iashmir ;rinagar F;G and BammuF@G )))0)3
1
6
Bharkhand .anchi '"0''
1
7
Iarnataka 7engaluru 1(10'(1
1

Ierala -hiru2ananthapuram 3&0&3

1
!
Lakshadweep Ia2aratti 3)
2
"
Madh4a 6radesh 7hopal 3%&0)$)
2
1
Maharashtra Mum3ai 3%'0'13
2
2
Manipur Imphal ))03"'
2
3
Meghala4a ;hillong ))0')%
2
4
Mi/oram Ai/awl )10%&1
2
5
Nagaland Iohima 10$'(
2
6
*rissa 7hu3aneswar 1$$0&)%
2
7
6ondicherr4 6ondicherr4 "'(
2

6un?a3 Chandigarh $%03)

2
!
.a?asthan Baipur 3")0)(
3
"
;ikkim Gangtok '0%(
3
1
-amil Nadu Chennai 13%0%$&
3
2
-ripura Agartala 1%0"(1
3
3
>ttar 6radesh Lucknow )"30)&
3
4
>ttarakhand Dehradun $30$
3
5
@est 7engal Iolkata &&0'$)
India#s 5irst......
J Go2ernor8General o9 Independent IndiaKLord Lewis Mount3atten
J Indian Go2ernor8General o9 Independent IndiaK
Chakra2arti .a?gopalachari
J Indian Commander8in8Chie9 o9 5ree India KGeneral Iodandera
Madappa Cariappa0 1("(
J 5ield MarshallKGeneral ;. ,. 5. B. Manekshaw
J ;peaker o9 loksa3haK;hri G.C. Ma2alankar F1$ Ma4 1($)8 )'
5e3ruar4 1($G.
J 6residentKDr. .a?endra 6rasad
J Cice86residentKDr. ;ar2apalli .adhakrishnan
J 6rime8MinisterK6t. Bawahar Lal Nehru
J ,ome MinisterK;ardar Calla3h 7hai 6atel
J 5inance Minister o9 IndiaK.. I. ;hanmukham Chett4
J Auditor General o9 IndiaKC. Narahari .ao
J Director o9 C7IK D6 Iohli
J National ;ecurit4 Ad2iserK 7ri?esh Mishra
J Go2ernor o9 .7IK ;ir *s3orne ;mith
J Non8Congress 6rime8MinisterK Morar?i Desai 9rom Banata 6art4 in
1(''8'(.
J 7ritish Go2ernor8General o9 7engalK@arren8,astings
J ;pace tra2ellerK;. Leader8.akesh ;harma
J C. ;.K;atendra Nath -agore
J @oman IA;KAnna .an?an George0 1($%
J ;wimmer who crossed o2er the English channel 34 swimmingK
Mihir ;en
J @oman to swim across the English ChannelKArati ;aha0 1($(
J .aman8Magsa4sa4 awardeeKAchar4a Cino3a 7ha2e
J No2el pri/e winnerK.a3indra Nath -agore
J No3el 6ri/e in 6h4sicsKC. C. .aman in 1(3%
J 6resident o9 National CongressKC4omesh Chand 7aner?ee
J Chairman o9 Lok ;a3haKG. 7. Ma2lankar
J 5irst @oman Chie9 MinisterK;ucheta Iriplani
J @oman ;peaker o9 Lok ;a3haK;mt. Meira Iumar0 )%%(
J Chie9 Election CommissionerK;ukumar ;en
J Indian Chairman in International CourtKBustice Dr. Nagendra ;ingh
J 5oreigner awardee o9 7harat .atnaKIhan A3dul GaLar Ihan
J Leader o9 the Indian Antarctica MissionKDr. ;4ed Dahu2 Muasim
J Chie9 Bustice o9 ;upreme CourtKBustice ,iralal B. Iani4a
J Awarded with N7harat .atnasOKDr. ;ar2apalli .adhakrishnan0
Chakra2arti .a?gopalachari0 ;ir C. 7. .aman
J @oman Awarded with N7harat .atnasOK Indira Gandhi
J Commandeur o9 the *rder o9 Arts and LettersK Mrinal ;en
J Che2alier o9 the *rder o9 Arts and LetterK;i2a?i Ganeshan
J 6osthumall4 7harat .atna AwardeeKLal 7ahadur ;hastri
J 6erson awarded 7harti4a8G4an86eeth 6urskarKG. ;hankar Iurup
FMala4alamP1($G
J @oman awarded with 7harti4a8G4an86eeth 6urskarKAshapurna
De2i0 1('
J @oman ;ahit4a Akademi Award @innerKAmrita 6ritam0 1($
J @oman ,onours GraduateKIamini .o4
J @oman Director General o9 6oliceKIanchan C 7hattachar4a
J ;uccess9ul ;urgeon who transplanted heartKDr. 6. Cenugopal
J @oman to recei2ed No3al 6ri/eK Mother -eresa
J @oman Go2ernorK;aro?ini Naidu
J Licensed 6ilotK B . D -ata
J @oman Air 6ilotKDur3a 7aner?ee
J @oman -eacherK;a2itri3ai 6hule
J ;uccess9ul heart transplanted personKDe2i .am F1(("G
J 6resident o9 National ,uman .ights CommissionKBustice .angnath
Mishra
J ,indi Literature person8awarded 7harti4a G4an 6eeth 6urskarK
;umitra Nandan 6ant F1(&G
J Indian who won the @orld 7illiard awardK@ilson Bans
J Indian who won the Gramm4 awardK6t. .a2i ;hankar
J 6erson deli2ered the Lecture in ,indi in >.N.*.K Atal 7ihari 7a?pai
F1(''G
J Indian mem3er in 7ritish ,ouse o9 CommonsK Dada 7hai Naoro?i
F1&()G
J 5irst 6resident o9 Indian ;cience CongressK;ir Asutosh Mukher?ee
J Mountaineer who scaled Mount E2erest & timesK;herpa8Augarita
J @riter who was awarded NC4as ;ammanOK.am2ilas ;harma
J Indian Managing Director o9 @orld 7ankKGautam Ia/i
J 6la4er awarded N6adam 7husanOKC. I. Naidu
J Actress to win 6adma ;hri AwardKNargis Dutt0 1($&
J Indian pla4ers pla4ed Da2is CupKM. ;alim and ;. M. Baco3
F;inglesG0 A. A. 5ai4a/ and L. ;. Dare FDou3lesG F1()1G
J -ennis Grandslam title winnerKMahesh 7hupati
J Indian pla4er who pla4ed the test cricketKI. ;. .an?eet ;ingh
F9rom EnglandG
J ;cientist elected 9or Lok ;a3haKDr. Meghnad ;aha
J ;cientist awarded Ghansh4am Das 7irla awardK6ro9. Ashish Datta
F1((1G
J Literature who was awarded Murti De2i 6urskarKC. I. Nagra? .ao
F1((3G
J 6erson0 who 3ecame ,igh Commission in Great 7ritainKC. I.
Irishna8Menon
J Indian who was awarded the Lenin 6eace 6ri/eKDr. ;a9uddin
Iichlu F1($)G
J 5irst Indian who contested the election 9or 7ritish 6arliamentKLal
Mohan Ghose
J @oman GraduatesKIadam3ini Gangul4 and Chandramukhi 7asu0
1&&3
J @oman Chie9 Bustice o9 ,igh CourtKLeila ;eth0 ,imachal 6radesh0
1((1
J An Indian0 appointed the ?udge o9 ,igh Court0 during the 7ritish
periodK.am 6rasad .am
J Indian mem3er o9 Cicero4 E<ecuti2e CouncilK;ir. ;. 6. ;inha
J Leanin 6eace 6ri/eK ;ai9uddin Iitchlew
J Chairman o9 5inance CommissionKI. C. Niogi
J @oman Doctorate o9 ;cienceKAsima Chatter?ee F1(""G
J @oman I6;KIiran 7edi
J @oman ;upreme Court ?udgeKIumari 5athima 7ee2i
J Indian mem3er o9 American CongressKDeleep ;ingh
J Editor o9 -ime Maga/ineK7o334 Ghosh
J Director o9 C7I 3ecoming Go2ernorKAshwani Iumar
J 6erson to reach the North 6oleK;quadron Leader ;an?a4 -hapar
J 6erson to reach the ;outh 6oleKCol Batinder Iumar 7a?a?
J Nishan8e86akistanKMorar?i Desai0 1((%
J Magsa4sa4 AwardKCino3a 7ha2e0 1($&
J Miss @orldK.eita 5aria in 1(
J Miss Asia 6aciQcKDeenat Aman in 1('%
J Miss >ni2erseK;ushmita ;en in 1(("
J Miss EarthKNicole 5aria in )%1%
J 6lace to get electricit4KDar?eeling in 1&('
J ;ound QlmKAlam Ara F1(31G directed 34 Ardeshir Irani
J Colour QlmKIisan Ian4a F1(3'G0 directed 34 Moti 7. Gid2ani
J *scar winnerK7hanu Athai4a 9or 7est Costume Design 9or Gandhi
FQlmG in 1(&).
J Dadasahe3 6halke AwardKDe2ika .ani in 1((
J Che2alier o9 the *rder o9 Arts and LettersK;i2a?i Ganesan
J -est8tu3e 3a34KDurga Agarwal0 3orn 1('&
J NewspaperK,icke4#s 7engal Ga/ette started in 1'%
J 5irst Lad4 DoctorKAnandi3ai Boshi
J ;atelliteKAr4a3hata0 launched on 1( April 1('$
J Man to clim3 Mt E2erestK-en/ing Norga4
J Man to clim3 Mt E2erest without o<4genK6hu Dor?ee0 1(&"
J @oman to clim3 Mt e2erestK7achendri 6al
J District to achie2e 1%%= literac4 rateKErnakulam district0 Ierala0
1((%
J Captain in -estsKC. I. Na4udu 9or the 1(3) tour o9 England
J *DI captainKA?it @adekar
J 7owler who made hat8trick in -est CricketK,ar3ha?an ;ingh
J 7atsman who made 3%% runs in test CricketKCirendra ;ehwag
J 5irst Marshal o9 Indian Air 5orceKAr?an ;ingh
J Indi2idual Medal in *l4mpic gamesKID Badha2
J GrandmasterK Ciswanathan Anad
J @oman GrandmasterKIoneru ,ump4
J 5irst Indian who indi2iduall4 won the Gold medal in *l4mpic games
KA3hina2 7indra
J 5irst Indian who won the 7ron/e medal in 7o<ing in *l4mpic games
KCi?endra Iumar
J 5ellow o9 -rinit4 College0 Cam3ridgeK;rini2asa .amanu?an
J 5ellow o9 the .o4al ;ociet4KArdaseer Curset?ee
-imeline o9 Indian ,istor4 ......
J 2"" #C Indus Calle4 Ci2ili/ation 3egins in the northwestern
region o9 India
J 26"" #C Mohen?o8daro and ,arappa phase o9 the Indus
Calle4 Ci2ili/ation 3egins0 in 6un?a3 and
;indh. *ther cities like Lothal0 Mehrgarh also emerged
during this period.
J 16"" #C India is in2aded 34 the Ar4ans 9rom the west
J 14"" #C -he Cedas0 the ,indu scripture0 was written
J 6"" #C -he >panishads written
J 5!! #C Maha2ira0 )"th -irthankar o9 Bainism is 3orn
J 563 #C Gautam 7uddha0 9ounder o9 7uddhism is 3orn in
Lum3ini
J 527 #C Nir2ana o9 Maha2ira
J 4!2 #C 7im3isara dies and is succeeded 34 A?atashatru in
Magadha Empire
J 43 #C Death o9 Gautama 7uddha in Iushinagar
J 326 #C Ale<ander the Great mo2ed into India0 Iing 6orus who
ruled parts o9 the 6un?a30 9ought
Ale<ander at the 7attle o9 the ,4daspes .i2er.
J 321 #C Chandragupta Maur4a esta3lished Maur4an d4nast4
de9eating Dhana Nanda
J 3"5 #C Chandragupta Maur4a de9eats ;eleucus Nicator o9 the
;eleucid Empire.
J 3"" #C Chola d4nast4 esta3lishes his kingdom o2er southern
India with capital in -han?a2ur
J 26! #C Ashoka the Great0 grandson o9 Chandragupta Maur4a0
3ecomes the emperor o9 India
J 261 #C Ialinga @ar takes place 3etween Magadha Empire and
the kingdom o9 Ialinga.
J 232 #C Death o9 Iing Ashoka
J 15 #C -he Maur4an Empire0 collapsed a9ter its emperor
7rihadrata was assassinated 34 his
general 6us4amitra ;unga who then esta3lished the
;unga d4nast4
J 5" A$ Esta3lishment o9 the Iushan empire 34 Iu?ula
Iadphises0 Qrst 7uddhist stupa is
constructed at ;anchi
J 3"" -he 6alla2a d4nast4 is esta3lished in Ianchi
J 32" -he Gupta d4nast4 9ounded 34 Mahara?a ;ri Gupta0
reunited northern India initiating
the Rgolden AgeR o9 India
J 335 Iing ;amudragupta ascends the Gupta throne and
e<pands the empire.
J 3" Chandragupta II0 ;amudragupta#s son 3ecomes the
Gupta Emperor.
J 45" In2asions 34 the ,una.
J 6"6 ,arsha2ardhana crowned Monarch.
J 712 5irst Muslim0 Md. 7in Masim de9eats .a?a Dahir
J 1"21 Mahmud Gha/ni de9eats -arnochalpal and anne<es
6un?a3
J 12"6 Mut3 u38din A43ak esta3lishes the Delhi ;ultanate
J 1221 Genghis Ihan in2ades 6un?a3
J 1236 .a/ia ;ultana0 onl4 lad4 ruler o9 Delhi
J 12!" Balal ud8Din 5iru/ esta3lishes the Ihil?i sultanate at Delhi
J 12! Marco 6olo 2isits India
J 1336 Ci?a4anagara Empire esta3lished 34 ,arihara I and his
3rother 7ukka .a4a I
J 13! -imur conquered India resulting in the decline o9 the
Delhi ;ultanate
J 146! 7irth o9 Guru Nanak De2
J 14!7 Casco de Gama#s Qrst 2o4age 9rom Europe to India and
3ack Fto 1"((G
J 1526 7a3ur esta3lished the Mughal Empire
J 1555 Mughal king ,uma4un comes to Qght ;her ;hah and
regains India
J 1556 ,uma4un dies0 and is succeeded 34 Ak3ar
J 16"" Mueen Eli/a3eth I granted a charter to the East India
Compan4 esta3lished trading posts
in 7om3a40 Calcutta0 and Madras
J 16"5 Ak3ar dies0 and is succeeded 34 his son Behangir.
J 1612 7ritish arri2es India
J 1632 -a? Mahal construction initiated 34 Mughal ruler ;hah
Bahan
J 1653 ;hah Bahan completes -a? Mahal. ;hah Bahan dies0 and
is succeeded 34 his son
Aurang/e3.
J 1675 Guru -egh 7ahadur0 the ninth Guru o9 ;ikhs is e<ecuted
in Delhi. Guru Go3ind ;ingh
3ecomes tenth Guru o9 ;ikhs.
J 16" ;hi2a?i dies at .aigad0 ;am3ha?i 3ecame )nd
Chhatrapati o9 the Maratha Empire
J 17"7 Death o9 Aurang/e3 the Mughal emperor.
J 1757 In 7attle o9 6lasse40 .o3ert Cli2e0 leads 7ritish 9orces
which de9eated the Mughal
go2ernor o9 7engal Mir Ba9ar
J 1774 @arren ,astings appointed the Qrst go2ernor general o9
India 34 the East India
Compan4
J 1775 5irst Anglo8Maratha @ar
J 17!! Death o9 -ipu ;ultan
J 153 ;tarted 6ost ;er2ice
J 153 5irst .ailwa4 esta3lished 3etween 7om3a4 and -hane
J 157 Indian Mutin4 .e3ellion o9 1&$'F1%th Ma4G
J 157 Esta3lishment o9 >ni2ersit4 o9 Mum3ai0 >ni2ersit4 o9
Madras and >ni2ersit4 o9 Calcutta
in India
J 15 -he 7ritish go2ernment ruled India0 Lord Dalhousie
3ecomes the Go2ernor8General o9
India
J 162 Death o9 7ahadur ;hah Da9ar
J 16! RAr4a ;ama?R Esta3lished
J 176 Mueen Cictoria was gi2en the title Empress o9 India 34
the 7ritish 6arliament
J 15 7urma 3ecame an Indian pro2ince
J 15 -he Indian National Congress was 9ormed F)&th
Decem3erG
J 1!"5 -he 7ritish go2ernment di2ided 7engal
into separate ,indu and Muslim sections
J 1!"! Morle48Minto .e9orms
J 1!14 @orld @ar 1
J 1!15 Mahatma Gandhi returns 3ack to India
J 1!1! Ballianwala 7agh Massacre F13th AprilG
J 1!2" Mahatma Gandhi 3ecame president o9 Indian National
Congress0 Non8cooperation mo2ement Ihila9at
Mo2ement
J 1!27 ;imon Commission
J 1!2! Central Assem3l4 7om3ed 34 7hagat ;ingh and
7atukeshwar Dutt.
J 1!3" 6urna ;wara? resolution in Lahore0 ;alt ;at4agraha
started
J 1!31 7hagat ;ingh0 .a?guru and ;ukhde2 Mart4red
F)3rd MarchG
J 1!35 Go2ernment o9 India Act
J 1!3! @orld @ar ) 3egan
J 1!4" Muhammad Ali Binnah demanded that a new countr4 3e
9ormed 9rom India 9or the
Muslims0 which would 3e called 6akistan
J 1!42 Muit India Mo2ement
J 1!42 Indian National Arm4 Esta3lished 34 ;u3has Chandra
7ose
J 1!45 @orld @ar II ended when >nited ;tates dropped atomic
3om3s on ,iroshima and Nagasaki FAugustG
J 1!46 .o4al Indian Na24 Mutin4
J 1!46 -he 7ritish go2ernment agreed to grant India
independence
J 1!47 7ritish and Indian leaders agreed to di2ide the countr4
into India and 6akistan
J 1!47 India 3ecame independent F1$th AugustG
J 1!4 Mahatma Gandhi assassinated Nathuram Godse F3%th
Banuar4G
J 1!5" Constitution o9 India came into eLect and Bawaharlal
Nehru 3ecame the Indian Qrst prime minister F)th Banuar4G
,ighest0 Longest0 Largest0 -allest0 ;mallest etc... in India
;igniQcance Achie2er
,ighest mountain peak Godwin Austin Fk)G
,ighest Dam -ehri Dam0 >ttarakhand
,ighest @ater9all Iunchikal water9all0 Iarnataka
,ighest Gatewa4 7uland Darwa/a0 5atehpur ;ikri0 >ttap
6radesh
,ighest Award 7harat .atna
,ighest Gallantr4 Award 6aram2eer Chakra
,ighest 7attle Qeld ;iachin Glacier
,ighest rain9all 6lace Maws4nram0 Meghala4a
,ighest Airport Leh0 Laddakh
,ighest Lake Cholamu Lake0 ;ikkim
,ighest -ower Mutu3 Minar0 Delhi
,ighest populated ;tate 7ihar
,ighest .adio ;tation -he Leh station o9 AI.
,ighest ;tatue Bain ;aint Gomateswara0 Iarnataka
Largest lake o9 5resh water @ular lake0 Iashmir
Largest -emple ;ri .anganathaswam4 -emple0 -amil Nadu
Largest Mosque Bama Mas?id0 Delhi
Largest Church ;e Cathedral0 Goa
Largest Gurudwara Golden -emple0 Amritsar
Largest Monaster4 -awang Monaster40 Arunachal 6radesh
Largest populated cit4 Mum3ai0 Maharastra
Largest 7uilding .ashtrapati 7hawan0 Delhi
Largest Museum National Museum0 Iolkata
Largest Auditorium ;ri ;hanmukhananda ,all0 Mum3ai
Largest Cinema -heatre -hangam0 Madurai
Largest 7arrage 5arakka 7arrage0 Ganga
Largest Delta ;under3an Delta0 @est 7engal
Largest Dome Gol Gum3a/0 7i?apur0 Iarnataka
Largest Doo Doological Gardens0 Alipur0 Iolkata
Largest E<hi3ition Ground 6ragati Maidan Comple<0 New Delhi
Largest Desert -har0 .a?asthan
Largest ca2e temple Iailash temple0 Ellora0 Maharashtra
Largest Ca2e Amarnath Ca2e0 Bammu and Iashmir
Largest ,otel *3eroi P;heraton0 Mum3ai
Largest ;tate 34 Area .a?asthan
Largest ;tate 34 6opulation >ttar 6radesh
Largest ,ospital 7. B Medical College and Ci2il ,ospital0
Ahmeda3ad
Largest corridor .ameshwaram temple corridor0 -amil Nadu
Largest 6ost *+ce Mum3ai G6*
Largest 9orest area state Madh4a 6radesh
Largest 6rison -ihar Central Bail0 Delhi
Largest ;tadium ;alt lake ;tadium0 Iolkata
Largest 6ort Mum3ai
Largest Lake o9 ;aline water Chika lake0 *rissa
Largest ri2er island Ma?uli0 7rahmaputra ri2er0 Assam
Largest 6lanetarium 7irla 6lanetarium0 Iolkata
Largest man8made lake Go2ind ;agar0 7hakra Dam
Largest Cantile2er ;pan 7ridge ,owrah 7ridge0 Iolkata
Largest li3rar4 National Li3rar40 Iolkata
Largest Lok ;a3ha Contituenc4 34
area
Ladhak
Largest Lok ;a3ha Contituenc4 34
population
*uter Delhi
Longest .i2er Ganga
Longest tri3utar4 ri2er o9 India Samuna
Longest coastline ;tate Gu?arat
Longest tunnel Bawahar tunnel0 Bammu T Iashmir
Longest national highwa4 N,8'which runs 9rom Caranasi to
Ian4akumari
Longest Dam ,irakud Dam0 *rissa
Longest .i2er 7ridge Mahatma Gandhi ;etu0 6atna
Longest Electric railwa4 line 5rom Delhi to Iolkata 2ia 6atna
Longest .ailwa4 6lat9orm Iharagpur0 @. 7engal
Longest ri2er which 9orms estuar4 Narmada
Logest 3ridge a3o2e water 7andra8@orli ;ea Link0 Maharastra
Logest distance run train Ci2ek E<press
Longest nonstop run train -ri2andrum .a?dhani
Longest railwa4 3ridge Cem3anad .ail 3ridge0 Ierala
Longest 7each Marina 7each0 Chennai
;mallest ;tate 34 Area Goa
;mallest ;tate 34 6opulation ;ikkim
;mallest Lok ;a3ha Contituenc4 34
area
Chandni Chowk
;mallest Lok ;a3ha Contituenc4 34
population
Lakshdweep
-allest 3uilding Imperial -ower0 Mum3ai
>ni2erse at a glance ......
S%n
J -he ;un is a star that is in the center o9 the ;olar ;4stem
J -he ;un is recogni/ed as ha2ing the largest mass in our ;olar
;4stem.
J It has a diameter o9 a3out 103()0&" km0 a3out 1%( times that o9
Earth
J -he sun is the closest star to Earth0 at a mean distance 9rom our
planet o9 1"(.% million km
J ;un 9uses )% million metric tons o9 h4drogen each second.
J At the core0 the temperature is a3out )' million degrees 5ahrenheit
F1$ million degrees CelsiusG
J In 5e3ruar4 1('"0 ;k4la3 was the Qrst manned spacecra9t to stud4
the ;un.
J ;olar Uares occur when magnetic Qelds o9 the ;un come together and
cause huge e<plosions on the ;unOs sur9ace.
J ;olar Uares produce 3ursts o9 electromagnetic radiation0 <8
ra4s0 ultra2iolet radiation0 2isi3le light0 and radio wa2es.

&er'%ry
J Mercur4 is the closest and second smallest in the ;olar ;4stem.
J Mercur4 is the second densest planet a9ter Earth.
J -he onl4 2isit to Mercur4 was a U434 made 34 the Mariner 1%
spacecra9t in 1('".
J Mercur4 speeds around the sun e2er4 && da4s0 tra2eling through
space at nearl4 $% km F31 milesG per second
J Galileo Qrst o3ser2ed Mercur4 during the 1'th centur4.

(en%s
J Cenus is the second closest and si<th largest planet in the ;olar
;4stem
J -he or3ital speed o9 Cenus is 3$ km per second.
J Cenus is the hottest planet in the ;olar ;4stem.
J Cenus appears to 3e the 3rightest planet in the sk4.
J It takes )"".' da4s 9or Cenus to rotate on its a<is.
J -he Qrst ro3otic space pro3e mission to Cenus0 and the Qrst to an4
planet0 3egan on 1) 5e3ruar4 1(10 with the launch o9 the Cenera 1 pro3e.

)art*
J Earth 9ormed appro<imatel4 ".$" 3illion 4ears ago0 and li9e appeared
on its sur9ace within one 3illion 4ears.
J -he Earth is the densest planet in the ;olar ;4stem.
J Earth is the Q9th largest planet in the ;olar ;4stem.
J -he Diameter o9 the Earth is 1)0'$ km F'0() milesG
J -he earthOs or3ital speed is )(.& km per second.
J Earth atmosphere consists o9 '& percent nitrogen0 )1 percent o<4gen
and 1 percent other ingredients..
J Earth rotates a3out its own a<is 3.) times0 creating 3$.) solar
da4s

&oon
J -he Moon is EarthOs lone natural satellite.
J In 11%0 Galileo Galilei is the Qrst to use a telescope to make
scientiQc o3ser2ations o9 the Moon.
J -he Moon is the Q9th largest satellite in our ;olar ;4stem.
J -he MoonOs diameter is )1% miles F3"' kmG
J A2erage distance 3etween the Earth and the Moon is a3out )3(0%%%
miles. Actual distance 2aries 9rom ))10"$' to )$)0'1) miles.
J -he MoonOs gra2it4 is 1: that o9 Earth.
J -he Moon does not ha2e an atmosphereH there is no wind on the
Moon.
J Apollo 11 was the American space mission to Qrst reach and land on
the moon.
J -he Qrst human landing on the Moon was on )% Bul4 1((.
J -he Moon or3its around the Earth e2er4 )( da4s.

&ars
J Mars is the 9ourth planet 9rom the ;un and the second smallest planet
in the ;olar ;4stem.
J iron o<ide pre2alent on its sur9ace gi2es it a reddish appearance0
o9ten descri3ed as V .ed 6lanetW
J A Mars 4ear is equal to &.(& Earth Da4s
J A da4 in Mars is equal to )". Earth ,ours
J Like Earth0 Mars e<periences seasons 3ecause o9 the tilt o9 its
rotational a<is
J Asaph ,all disco2ered 3oth o9 MarsO moons0 6ho3os and Deimos0 in
August 1&''.
J Mariner " P Qrst success9ul U434 mission to Mars. Launched on
No2em3er )&0 1(" and arri2ed at Mars on Bul4 1"0 1($.
J Ciking 1 P ;uccess9ul or3it and landing on sur9ace o9 Mars. Launched
August )%0 1('$ and arri2ed at Mars Bul4 )%0 1('.

+%pitar
J Bupiter0 the largest planet in our solar s4stem0 is 31& times larger
than Earth.
J -he or3ital speed o9 Bupiter is 13.1 km:sec
J A 4ear on Bupiter is equal to 11.( Earth Sears
J Bupiter has ' natural satellites.X1%$Y *9 these0 $1 are less than 1%
kilometres in diameter and ha2e onl4 3een disco2ered since 1('$.
J Galileo Galilei had disco2ered Bupiter#s 9our largest moons0 now
called Io0 Europa0 Gan4mede0 and Callisto. -hese 9our moons are known
toda4 as the Galilean satellites.
J In 11%0 Galileo Galilei makes the Qrst detailed o3ser2ations o9
Bupiter.
J Bupiter#s moon Gan4mede is the 3iggest satellite in solar s4stem
J Bupiter has rings0 the third planet disco2ered to ha2e a ring s4stem in
our ;olar ;4stem.
J BupiterOs rings are identiQed as: ,alo ring0 Main ring0 Amalthea
gossamer ring0 and -he3e gossamer ring.
J BupiterOs rings were disco2ered 34 Co4ager 1 in 1('(.

Sat%rn
J ;aturn is the si<th planet 9rom the ;un and the second largest.
J ;aturn has ) known moons0 Q9t48three ha2e 3een named. Most o9
them are small in si/e.
J Names o9 some o9 ;aturnOs moons: the largest is -itan0 disco2ered in
1$$H -eth4s0 Dione0 .hea0 T Iapetus0 disco2ered 9rom 1'1 to 1')H Mimas
T Enceladus0 disco2ered in 1'&(H and ,4perion0 disco2ered in 1&"&.
J A 4ear on ;aturn is equal to )(.$ Earth Sears
J 6ioneer 11 is the Qrst spacecra9t to reach ;aturn0 in 1('(
J ;aturn has a prominent ring s4stem that consists o9 nine continuous
main rings and three discontinuous arcs0 composed mostl4 o9 ice particles
with a smaller amount o9 rock4 de3ris and dust.

Uran%s
J -he or3ital speed o9 >ranus is . km:sec
J >ranus takes &" Earth 4ears to complete one or3it.
J >ranus is the third largest planet in the ;olar ;4stem.
J Co4ager )0 the onl4 spacecra9t to 2isit >ranus0
J A da4 on >ranus is equal to a little more than 1' hours on Earth.
J >ranus has )' known moons0 named 9or characters 9rom the works o9
@illiam ;hakespeare or Ale<ander 6ope
J >ranus was disco2ered 34 ;ir @illiam ,erschel in 1'&1

Nept%ne
J Neptune is the 9ourth largest planet and coolest planet in the ;olar
;4stem.
J Neptune was the Qrst planet located through
mathematical predictions rather than through regular o3ser2ations o9 the
sk4.
J Neptune was disco2ered 34 >r3ain Le Cerrier0 Bohn Couch Adams0 and
Bohann Galle on ;eptem3er )30 1&".
J -he onl4 spacecra9t e2er to 2isit Neptune was Co4ager ) in 1(&(.
J -he magnetic Qeld o9 Neptune is a3out )' times more power9ul than
that o9 Earth.
J *ne Neptune 4ear is equal to 1".&3 Earth Sears
J Neptune has si< known rings.
J In )%110 Neptune completes its Qrst 1$84ear or3it o9 the sun since its
disco2er4 in 1&".
J Neptune has 13 moons0 the largest o9 which is named -riton. -he
other moons are: Naiad0 -halassa0 Despina0 Galatea0 Larissa0 6roteus0 Nereid0
,alimede0 ;ao0 Laomedeia0 Neso0 and 6samathe.

,l%to
J 6luto is the smallest planet in the ;olar ;4stem0 now consider as
dwar9 planet
J 6luto is colder than Neptune.
J 6lutoOs ?ourne4 around the ;un takes )"& Earth 4ears.
J 6luto is the second most contrast 3od4 in the ;olar ;4stem
J 6luto has not 4et 3een 2isited 34 a spacecra9t.
J 6luto has a satellite0 Charon0 which was disco2ered Fin 1('&G. -he
distance 3etween them is 1(0"% km F1)0)%% milesG.-he other 3 are
Ni<0,4dra0 and newl4 disco2ered ;:)%11 6 1 on Bul4 o9 )%11.
J 6luto rotation Fa 6luto da4G takes ." Earth da4s0 meaning that it has
the second slowest rotation in the ;olar ;4stem a9ter Cenus
J 6luto was disco2ered 34 -om3augh in 1(3%
@orld at a glance ......
-otal ;ur9ace Area: $1%0%"0"') sq km
-otal Land Area: 1"&0("%0%%% sq km F)(.)= o9
6lanet Earth#s sur9aceG
-otal @ater Area: 31013)0%%% sq km F'%.&= o9
6lanet Earth#s sur9aceG
-otal 6opulation: '.%" 3illion
-otal @eight: $.(')) Z 1%
)"
Ig
-otal Colume: 1.%&3)1Z1%
1)
km
3
-otal Age: ".$" 3illion 4ears
;ur9ace Gra2it4: 3).%"1 9t:s
)
Distance 9rom Moon: 3&"0"%3 km
Distance 9rom ;un: 1$% million km
Equatorial .adius: 03'&.1 km
Mean .adius: 03'1.% km
6olar .adius: 03$.& km
*r3iting ;peed: )(.'& km:s
*r3iting -ime: 3$.)$33%%" da4s
;ur9ace -emperature: 8&&:$Fmin:ma<G!C
*r3it ;i/e around ;un: ()0($0%$% miles F;emi Ma?or
A<isG
6eriod o9 .otation: )3.(3" hours
;peed o9 .otation: 1'% km:hr
Distance 9rom nearest 6lanet: 3& million km 9rom Cenus
-otal Continent: ' FAsia0 A9rica0 Europe0 North
America0 ;outh America0 Australia0
AntarcticaG
-otal *cean: $ F 6aciQc0 Atlantic0 Indian0
;outhern0 Arctic G
>N .ecogni/ed Countries: 1(3
-otal ;eas: 13'
6rimar4 -ectonic 6lates: & FA9rican0 Antarctic0 Australian0
Eurasian0 Indian0 North American0 6aciQc0
;outh AmericanG
Largest Continent: Asia0 "30&)%0%%% sq km F)(.$= o9
total @orld landmassG
;mallest Continent: Australia0 (0%%&0$%% sq km
Largest Countr4: .ussia0 1'0%(&0)") sq km
;mallest Countr4: Catican Cit4 8 %."" sq km
Largest *cean: -he 6aciQc *cean 8 1$$0$$'0%%%
sq km
;mallest *cean: Arctic0 1"0%$0%%% sq km
,ighest Mountain: Mount E2erest0 )(0%)( 9t 8 Nepal
Longest .i2er: -he Nile 8 0$% km
Largest Lake: -he Caspian ;ea 8 3'10%%% sq km
A2erage Li9e E<pectanc4: '.) 4ears
5irst in the @orld
S-ni.'an'e A'*i/er
Asian 'ity to *ost 0lympi's -ok4o0 Bapan0 1("
At*lete 1isq%ali.e1 at t*e 0lympi's 2or
1r%- %se
,ans8Gunnar Li?enwall0 Me<ico
*l4mpics0 1(&
#lin1 person to 'onq%er t*e )/erest Erik @eihenma4er0 >;A0 )%%1
Cri'ket Cl%3 Cricket clu3 9ounded in
,am3ledon0 England
Co%ntry to ,rint #ooks China
Co%ntry to iss%e paper '%rren'y China
Co%ntry to start Ci/il Ser/i'e
Competition
China
Co%ntry to make e1%'ation 'omp%lsory 6russia
Co%ntry to 4in 5orl1 C%p 2oot3all >rugua4
Co%ntry to make a 'onstit%tion >;A
Co%ntry to 0r-ani6e NA& S%mmit 7elgrade
Co%ntry to sen1 *%man to &oon >;A
Co%ntry to la%n'* satellite into spa'e .ussia
Co%ntry to *ost mo1ern 0lympi's Greece
Co%ntry to la%n'* 7a1io
Teles'ope Satellite into spa'e
Bapan
)%ropean to /isit C*ina Marco 6olo
&an to 'lim3 &t )/erest -en/ing Norga4 and Edmund
,illar40 1($3
&an to rea'* Nort* ,ole .o3ert 6ear4
&an to rea'* So%t* ,ole .onald Amundsen
&an to 8ly an aeroplan @right 7rothers
&an to sail aro%n1 t*e 5orl1 5erdinand Magellan
&an to set 2oot on t*e &oon Neil Armstrong
&an to -o to t*e spa'e Ma?or Suri Gagarin
&an to 1ra4 t*e map o2 )art* Ane<emander
&an to 'ompile )n'y'lope1ia Aspheosis
&an to 4in No3el ,ri6e in 9iterat%re .ene 5A and ;ilt 6radhom
&an to 4in No3el ,ri6e in ,ea'e Bin 5 Dunant nad 5rederic 6eir4
&an to 4in No3el ,ri6e in ,*ysi's @I .oentgen
&an to 4in No3el ,ri6e in C*emistry B, @enthoL
&an to 4in No3el ,ri6e in &e1i'ine AE @onn 7ehring
&an to 4in No3el ,ri6e in )'onomi's .anger 5ish and Bohn -in3ergen
&an to sail aro%n1 t*e 5orl1 alone Boshua ;locum
&an to%rist in Spa'e Dennis -ito
&an to *a/e 'lim3e1 &o%nt )/erest
T4i'e
Nawang Gom3u
&an 0s'ar 4inner 2or t*e #est A'tor Emil Bannings0 1()&
&an to 4in To%r 1e 8ran'e Maurice Garin0 1(%3
&an 3o:in- '*ampion -im ,4er0 1&"1
&an '*ess '*ampion @ilhelm ;teinit/0 1&&
&an to 4alk in spa'e Ale<ei Arkho2ich Leono20 1($
&an *eart transplant 4as per 2orme1
3y
Dr. Christian 7arnard0 1('
&an *eart transplant re'ipient Louis @ashkansk40 1('
&an to ;y solo non stop a'ross t*e
Atlanti'
Charles Lind3ergh0 1()'
&an to s4im a'ross t*e )n-lis* C*annel Matthew @e330 1&'$
&an to ;y solo nonstop aro%n1 t*e
4orl1 in 3allon
;te2e 5ossett0 >.;.0 )%%)
&an to 'ross t*e ,a'i.' 0'ean in *ot
air 3alloon
7en A3ru//o and team in the
Dou3le Eagle C
&o/ie in t*e 4orl1 -he ?a// ;inger 0 1()'
,arkinson<s 1isease 4as .rst 1es'ri3e1
3y
Bames 6arkinson0 7ritish
neurologist0 1&1'
7eli-ion o2 t*e 4orl1 ;antosh Dharma
7e'ipient o2 a permanent arti.'ial
*eart
7arne4 Clark0 1(&)
Se'retary =eneral o2 UN -rig2e Li
Spa'e s*%ttle la%n'*e1 Colom3ia
Spa'e s*ip lan1e1 on &oon Ciking81
Spa'e /e*i'le to lan1 on t*e moon Lunar E<ploration Module FLEMG
5oman to%rist in Spa'e Mrs Anousheh Ansari
5oman 'i/ilian poli'e a1/iser o2 t*e
U>N>
Iiran 7edi
5oman #is*op .e2 7ar3ara C. ,arris F>;AG
5oman to 4in No3el ,ri6e in 9iterat%re ;elma Lagerl[9
5oman to 4in No3el ,ri6e in ,ea'e 7ertha 2on ;uttner
5oman to 4in No3el ,ri6e in ,*ysi's Marie Curie8;k\odowska
5oman to 4in No3el ,ri6e in C*emistry Marie Curie8;k\odowska
5oman to 4in No3el ,ri6e in &e1i'ine Gert4 -heresa Cori
5oman to 4in No3el ,ri6e in )'onomi's Elinor *strom
5oman ,rime &inister o2 a Co%ntry ; 7handarna4ake
5oman Cosmona%t in Spa'e Calentina -ereshko2a0 >;;.
5oman to Clim3 &t> )/erest Buno -a3ei0 Bapan
5oman ,resi1ent o2 UN =eneral
assem3ly
Ci?a4alakshmi 6andit
5oman to rea'* Nort* ,ole Mrs 5ran 6hipps
5oman to rea'* Antarti'a Caroline Michaelson
5oman ,resi1ent o2 a Co%ntry Maria Estela 6eron
5oman to sail aro%n1 t*e 4orl1 alone Iat Cotte
5oman to 4in an 0lympi' =ol1 &e1al Charlotte Cooper0 >I0 -ennis
singles0 1(%%
5oman pro2essional 3%ll.-*ter 6atricia Mccormick0 1($)
5omen<s 0lympi' marat*on C*ampion Boan 7enoit0 Los Angles0 1(&"
5oman to Clim3 &t> )/erest t4i'e ;antosh Sada2
5oman 0s'ar 4inner 2or #est A'tress ?anet Ga4nor0 1()&
5oman 3la'k tennis player to 4in a
sin-les title at 5im3le1on
A Gi3son0 1($'
5oman to 4in a =ran1 Slam Maureen Catherine0 1($3
5oman to s4im t*e )n-lis* C*annel Gertrude Ederle0 1()
5oman to set 2oot on Nort* ,ole Ann 7ancro9t0 >;A0 1(&
Uni/ersity o2 t*e 4orl1 -a<ila >ni2ersit4

-op ten in the @orld....

9A7=)ST C?T?)S 0N T@) ,9AN)T #A ,0,U9AT?0N
1. ;hanghai 1'0&30133
). Istan3ul 130"&30%$)
3. Iarachi 130%$)0%%%
". Mum3ai 1)0"'&0""'
$. Moscow 110&1%0%%%
. 7ei?ing 110'10%%%
'. ;]o 6aulo 1103101"(
&. -ian?in 110%(%031"
(. Guang/hou 110%'%0$"
1%. Delhi 110%%'0&3$

C0UNT7A ,0,U9AT?0N (9ar-est)
1. China 103"'03$%0%%%
). India 10)1%01(30%%%
3. >;A 3130&0%%%
". Indonesia )3'0"10%%%
$. 7ra/il 1()03'0%%%
. 6akistan 1'(0'"0%%%
'. Nigeria 1)0"'10%%%
&. .ussia 1"301%%0%%%
(. 7angladesh 1")031(0%%%
1%. Bapan 1)'01%0)%%

C0UNT7?)S (@i-*est $ensity) (people per sq%are km)
1. Monaco 10)%$
). ;ingapore 03&
3. Malta 10)1
". Maldi2es 101"
$. 7ahrain 10%3$
. 7angladesh 10%%)
'. Catican Cit4 ()%
&. 7ar3ados "&
(. Nauru )1
1%. Mauritius %3

9AN=UA=)S 08 T@) 5079$
1. Chinese Mandarin 1 3illion A
). English $1) million
3. ,indi $%1 million
". ;panish 3(( million
$. .ussian )&$ million
. Ara3ic )$ million
'. 7engali )"$ million
&. 6ortuguese 1( million
(. Mala48Indonesian 1"% million
1%. Bapanese 1)$ million


T0, 1" TA99)ST &0UNTA?NS
1. Mount E2erest )(0%3$ 9t F&0&$% mG Nepal:China
). Mogir FI)G )&0)$% 9t F&011 mG 6akistan
3. Iangchen?unga )&01( 9t F&0$& mG Nepal
". Lhotse )'0()% 9t F&0$%1 mG Nepal
$. Makalu I )'0'$ 9t F&0") mG Nepal
. Cho *4u )0(% 9t F&0)%1 mG Nepal
'. Dhaulagiri )0'(" 9t F&01' mG Nepal
&. Manaslu I )0'$& 9t F&01$ mG Nepal
(. Nanga 6ar3at )0$& 9t F&01)$ mG 6akistan
1%. Annapurna I )0$"$ 9t F&0%(1 mG Nepal


9A7=)ST C0UNT7?)S (3y 9an1 &ass)
1. .ussia 0$()0&" sq miles F1'0%'$0"%% sq kmG
). Canada 30%)0'%' sq miles F(033%0('% sq kmG
3. China 30%%0("' sq miles F(03)0"1% sq kmG
". >;A 30$3(0)") sq miles F(.10%% sq kmG
$. 7ra/il 30)$0%'$ sq miles F&0"$0$1% sq kmG
. Australia )0("10)&3 sq miles F'01'0(3% sq kmG
'. India 101"'0("( sq miles F)0('301(% sq kmG
&. Argentina 10%$03 sq miles F)0'30(% sq kmG
(. Ia/akhstan 10%"(01$% sq miles F)0'1'03%% sq kmG
1%. ;udan (1'03'" sq miles F)03'0%%% sq kmG


C0NT?N)NTS (3y si6e)
1. Asia ""0$'(0%%% sq km
). A9rica 3%0))10%%% sq km
3. North America )"0)$0%%% sq km
". ;outh America 1'0&1(0%%% sq km
$. Antarctica 130)%(0%%% sq km
. Europe (0(3&0%%% sq km
'. Australia:*ceania '0&'0%%% sq km


C0NT?N)NTS (3y ,op%lation)
1. Asia "01"%0330$%1
). A9rica 10%)%0)%1.))(
3. Europe '3&0$)30&"3
". North America $)&0')%:$&&
$. ;outh America 3&$0'")0$$"
. Australia:*ceania 301%).%'1
'. Antarctica %


0C)ANS 08 T@) 5079$ (3y Si6e)
1. 6aciQc 1$$0$$'0%%% sq km
). Atlantic '0')0%%% sq km
3. Indian &0$$0%%% sq km
". ;outhern )%03)'0%%% sq km
$. Arctic 1"0%$0%%% sq km


$)),)ST 0C)ANS B S)AS
1. 6aciQc *cean 3$0&)' 9t F1%0()" mG
). Atlantic *cean 3%0)" 9t F(0)1( mG
3. Indian *cean )"0"% 9t F'0"$$ mG
". Cari33ean ;ea ))0'&& 9t F0(" mG
$. Arctic *cean 1&0"$ 9t F$0)$ mG
. ;outh China ;ea 10"$ 9t F$0%1 mG
'. 7ering ;ea 1$0$( 9t F"0''3 mG
&. Mediterranean ;ea 1$01(' 9t F"03) mG
(. Gul9 o9 Me<ico 1)0")$ 9t F30'&' mG
1%. Bapan ;ea 1)0)' 9t F30'") mG


&A+07 ?S9AN$S (3y Si6e)
1. Australia '01'.(3% sq km
). Greenland )01'$0%% sq km
3. New Guinea '()0$%% sq km
". 7orneo ')$0$%% sq km
$. Madagascar $&'0%%% sq km
. 7a+n $%'0$%% sq km
'. ;umatra ")'03%% sq km
&. ,onshu ))'0"%% sq km
(. Great 7ritain )1&01%% sq km
1%. Cictoria )1'03%% sq km

&A+07 7?()7S (3y 9en-t*)
1. Nile0 A9rica 0&)$ km
). Ama/on0 ;outh America 0"3' km
3. Chang Biang FSangt/eG0 Asia 03&% km
". Mississippi0 North America $0('1 km
$. Senise48Angara0 Asia $0$3 km
. ,uang FSellowG0 Asia $0"" km
'. *38Irt4sh0 Asia $0"1% km
&. Amur0 Asia "0"1 km
(. Lena0 Asia "0"%% km
1%. Congo0 A9rica "03'% km

&A+07 9AC)S (3y Si6e)
1. Caspian ;ea0 Asia8Europe 3'10%%% sq km
). ;uperior0 North America &)01%% sq km
3. Cictoria0 A9rica (0$%% sq km
". ,uron0 North America $(0%% sq km
$. Michigan0 North America $'0&%% sq km
. -angan4ika0 A9rica 3)0(%% sq km
'. 7aikal0 Asia 310$%% sq km
&. Great 7ear0 North America 3103%% sq km
(. Aral ;ea0 Asia 3%0'%% sq km
1%. Malawi0 A9rica )&0(%% sq km

S&A99)ST C0UNT7?)S (3y 9an1 &ass)
1. Catican Cit4 %.1' sq miles F%."" sq kmG
). Monaco %.'$ sq miles F1.($ sq kmG
3. Nauru &.) sq miles F)1.) sq kmG
". -u2alu 1% sq miles F) sq kmG
$. ;an Marino )" sq miles F1 sq kmG
. Liechtenstein ) sq miles F1% sq kmG
'. Marshall Islands '% sq miles F1&1 sq kmG
&. ;e4chelles 1%" sq miles F)'% sq kmG
(. Maldi2es 11 sq miles F3%% sq kmG
1%. ;t. Iitts and Ne2is 13( sq miles F3% sq kmG

9A7=)ST $)S)7TS 08 T@) 5079$
1. ;ahara0 North A9rica 303)%0%%% sq. miles
). Ara3ian0 Middle East (%%0%%% sq. miles
3. Ialahari0 ;outhern A9rica 3%0%%% sq. miles
". Great Cictoria0 Australia )$%0%%% sq. miles
$. ;4rian0 ;4ria0 Bordan0 Iraq )%%0%%% sq. miles
. Chihuahuan0 Me<ico0 >.;. 1'$0%%% sq. miles
'. Great ;and40 Australia 1$%0%%% sq. miles
&. ;onoran0 Me<ico0 >0;0 1)%0%%% sq. miles
(. -har0 India0 6akistan ''0%%% sq. miles
1%. Gi3son0 Australia %0%%% sq. miles
Ama/ing ,uman 7od4
-he largest organ in the 3od4 is the skin.
-he li2er is the largest gland and the largest internal organ in
the human 3od4.
-he 3rain uses o2er a quarter o9 the o<4gen used 34 the human 3od4.
*ur heart 3eats around 1%%%%% times a da40 3$%%%%% times a 4ear
and o2er a 3illion times i9 4ou li2e 3e4ond 3%.
Length o9 thum3 is the same with nose.
.ed 3lood cells carr4 o<4gen around the 3od4. -he4 are created
inside the 3one marrow.
It takes a3out )% seconds 9or a red 3lood cell to circle the whole 3od4.
-he 3iggest muscle in the 3od4 is gluteus ma<imus0 in the 3uttock.
-he lungs contain o2er 3%%0%%% million capillaries. I9 the4 were laid
end to end0 the4 would stretch )"%%km.
E2er4 drop o9 3lood in human 3od4 is Qltered 34 the 3od4 o2er 3%%
times a da4.
-he o2um is the largest cell in the human 3od4.
-he smallest is the male sperm cellH it is one8tenth o9 the diameter o9 a
human hair.
Adult lungs ha2e a sur9ace area o9 around '% square meters.
-he stapes is the smallest 3one in the 3od4. It#s located in the inner
ear.
-he acid in stomach is strong enough to dissol2e ra/or 3lades.
Nose and Ears continue growing throughout entire li9e.
Each person has a unique tongue print ?ust like the Qngerprints.
-he longest muscle in the 3od4 is ;artorius.
-he smallest muscle in the 3od4 is ;tapedius0 deep in the ear. It is
thinner than a thread and %.%$ inches F%.1)' centimetersG in length.
Enamel is hardest su3stance in the human 3od4.
All 3a3ies are color 3lind when the4 are 3orn0 the4 onl4 see 3lack T
white.
-he tongue is the strongest muscle in the human 3od4.
It takes 1' muscles to smile and "3 to 9rown.
-he adult 3od4 is made up o9: 1%% trillion cells0 )% 3ones0 %%
muscles0 and )) internal organs.
7ones in an adult account 9or 1"= o9 the 3od4#s total weight.
A 3a34 3orn with 3%% 3ones in their 3od40 3ut as an adult we ha2e )%
3ones.
)%% muscles used to take one step.
-he strongest 3one in 4our 3od4 is the 9emur Fthigh3oneG and it#s
hollow. It is also the longest and largest 3one in ,uman 3od4.
-he normal pulse is '% heart3eats per minute.
7lood is times thicker than water.
5acial hair grows 9aster than an4 other hair on the 3od4.
*ur kidne4s Qlter a3out 1.3 liters o9 3lood e2er4 minute T e<pel up to
1." liters o9 urine in a da4.
-he onl4 part o9 the 3od4 without 3lood suppl4 is the cornea in the e4e.
It takes in o<4gen directl4 9rom the air.
An a2erage human produces 1%0%%% gallons o9 sali2a in a li9etime.
-he 9astest growing nail is on the middle Qnger.
1" 3ones make up the human 9ace.
-he human heart creates enough pressure while pumping to squirt
3lood to 3% 9eet.
-he tooth is the onl4 part o9 the human 3od4 that canOt repair itsel9.

6laces known 34 their Alternate Name....

7attleground o9 Europe 7elgium
7lue Mountains o9 India Nilgiri ,ills
Cit4 o9 Light 6aris
Cit4 o9 6alaces Iolkata0 India
Cit4 o9 Bo4 Iolkata0 India
Cit4 o9 Golden Gate ;an 5rancisco
Cit4 o9 ;e2en ,ills .ome
Cit4 o9 Golden -emple Amritsar0 India
Cock 6it o9 Europe 7elgium
Dark Continent A9rica
Diamond Cit4 in India ;urat0 Gu?arat
Eternal Cit4 .ome
5or3idden Cit4 Lhasa0 -i3et
Granite Cit4 A3erdeen0 ;cotland
Garden Cit4 o9 India 7angalore
Gi9t o9 Nile Eg4pt
Island o9 6earls 7ahrain
Land o9 Golden 5leece Australia
Land o9 Iangaroo Australia
Land o9 Cakes ;cotland
Land o9 -housand Lakes 5inland
Land o9 Golden 6agoda M4anmar
Land o9 Midnight ;un Norwa4
Land o9 -housand Elephants Laos
Land o9 .ising ;un Bapan
Land o9 Maple Canada
Land o9 Canals Netherlands
Land o9 @hite Elephant -hailand
Land o9 @indmills Netherlands
Land o9 -hunder3olt 7hutan
Land o9 Long @hite Cloud New Dealand
Manchester o9 Bapan *saka
6la4ground o9 Europe ;wit/erland
6earl o9 Antilles Cu3a
Mueen o9 Ara3ian ;ea Cochin0 India
.oo9 o9 @orld 6amirs
;ick Man o9 Europe -urke4
;ugar 7owl o9 @orld Cu3a
;orrow o9 China .i2er ,wang ,o
;cotland o9 East ;hillong0 India
@hite cit4 7elgrade
Cenice o9 East Alappu/ha0 Ierala
Cenice o9 North ;tockholm
No3el 6ri/e ......
Al9red No3el on )' No2em3er 1&($ signed his will 9or No3el 6ri/es in
6h4sics0 Chemistr40 6h4siolog4 or Medicine0 Literature and 6eace.
-he pri/es in 6h4sics0 Chemistr40 6h4siolog4 or Medicine0 Literature0
and 6eace were Qrst awarded in 1(%1.
In 1(&0 ;2eriges .iks3ank esta3lished -he ;2eriges .iks3ank 6ri/e in
Economic ;cience to Award No3el 6ri/e in Economics.
No3el 6eace 6ri/e is awarded in *slo0 Norwa4. *ther pri/es are
awarded in ;tockholm0 ;weden.
-otal $$$ No3el 6ri/es has 3een awarded 3etween 1(%1 to )%1) F&3(
Laureates and )"organi/ationsG
8irst 7e'ipient o2 No3el ,ri6es in 1!"1
@ilhelm Conrad .[ntgen F6h4sicsG
Baco3us ,enricus Can #t ,oL FChemistr4G
Emil Adol9 2on 7ehring F6h4siolog4 or MedicineG
;ull4 6rudhomme FLiteratureG
Bean ,enr4 Dunant0 5r^d^ric 6ass4
F6eace 6ri/eG
In 1((0 .agnar 5risch0 Ban -in3ergen are the Qrst recipient o9 No3el
6ri/e in Economic ;ciences.
)1 indi2idual organi/ations ha2e 3een awarded the No3el 6eace 6ri/e.
5irst *rgani/ation to .ecei2ed No3el 6ri/e is Institute o9 International
Law in 1(%".
International Committee o9 the .ed Cross has 3een awarded three
times0 in 1(1'0 1("" and 1(3.
*+ce o9 the >nited Nations ,igh Commissioner 9or .e9ugees0 has
recei2ed the No3el 6eace 6ri/e twice0 in 1($" and 1(&1.
-ill now No3el 6ri/e awarded "" times to women.
Marie Curie is the Qrst woman to recei2ed No3el 6ri/e in 1(%3.
*nl4 one woman0 Marie Curie0 has 3een honoured twice0 with the 1(%3
No3el 6ri/e in 6h4sics and the 1(11 No3el 6ri/e in Chemistr4.
-he 4oungest No3el Laureates is Lawrence 7ragg at the age o9 )$ in
6h4sics0 1(1$.
-he oldest No3el Laureates is Leonid ,urwic/ at the age o9 (%
Economic ;ciences0 )%%'.
5our people ha2e recei2ed two No3el 6ri/es: Marie Curie 0 Linus
6auling0 Bohn 7ardeen0 5rederick ;anger.
Marie Curie is the onl4 person to win a No3el 6ri/e in two diLerent
sciences.
@ith total Q2e0 Curie 9amil4 has recei2ed the most pri/es: FMarie Curie
recei2ed )0 6ierre Curie recei2ed 10 Ir_ne Boliot8Curie and 5r^d^ric
Boliot8Curie recei2ed 10,enr4 La3ouisse recei2ed 1G.
-ill now two 6eople decline No3el 6ri/e. 5irst person to declined the
No3el 6ri/e is Bean86aul ;artre0 in 1(" in Literature.
5irst No3el Laureates to 3e awarded under arrest is Carl 2on *ssiet/k40
German4.
No3el 6ri/e has onl4 3een awarded posthumousl4 twice: Dag
,ammarsk?[ld 1(1 and Erik A<el Iarl9eldt 1(31.
No3el ,ri6e 4inner o2 2"12D
;erge ,aroche and Da2id B. @ineland F6h4sicsG
.o3ert B. Le9kowit/ and 7rian I. Io3ilka
F Chemistr4G
;ir Bohn 7. Gurdon and ;hin4a Samanaka
F6h4siolog4 or MedicineG
Mo San FLiteratureG
European >nion F6eace 6ri/eG
Al2in E. .oth and Llo4d ;. ;haple4 FEconomic
;ciencesG
In2ention and In2entors.....
5*at 5*o 5*en Co%ntry
A%tomati' 'al'%lator @ilhelm ;chickard 1)3 German4
A11in- ma'*ine 7laise 6ascal 1") 5rance
Animation Emile .e4naud 1&() 5rance
Aspirin Dr. 5eli< ,oLman 1&(( German4
Antisepti' Dr. Boseph Lister 1&' England
Atom #om3 Bulius .o3ert *ppenheimer 1("$ >.;
#arometer E2angelista -orricelli 1"3 I-ALS
#allpoint ,en L`s/la 7bra 1(3& 5rance
#i2o'al 9ens 7en?amin 5ranklin 1'&" >.;
Cement Boseph Aspdin 1&)" England
Ca1mi%m 5riedrich ;trome4er 1&1' German4
Clarinet Bohann Christoph Denner 1(% German4
Cas* re-ister Bames .itt4 1&'( >;A
Cinema Lumiere 3rothers 1&(" 5rance
$ental ,late Anthon4 A. 6lantson 1&1' >.;
$iesel )n-ine .udol9 Diesel 1&($ German4
$ynamite Al9red 7. No3el 1&' ;weden
)le'troni' 'al'%lator I7M 1($" >;A
)le'tri' sto/e/'ooker @illiam ;. ,adawa4 1&( >;A
)le'tri' #attery Colta 1&%% Italian
)le'tri' =enerator Michael 5arada4 1&31 >I
)le'tri' 9amp -homas Al2a Edison 1&'( >.;
)le'troma-net @illiam ;turgeon 1&)" England
)le/ator Elisha G. *tis 1&$) >.;
8o%ntain ,en Lewis Edson @aterman 1&&" >.;
=ramop*one -homas Edison 1&'& >.;
=yro'ompass Elmer A. ;perr4 1(%& >.;
@ot air 3alloon Bose9 and Etienne MontgolQer 1'&3 5rance
@eli'opter Igor ;ikorsk4 1(3( .ussia
+et )n-ine ,ans Con *hain 1(3 German4
9i-*t 3%l3 ,einrich Goe3el 1&$" German4
9i-*tnin- Con1%'tor 7en?amin 5ranklin 1'$) >.;
&i'ro4a/e o/en 6erc4 ;pencer 1("' >;A
&a'*ine =%n .ichard Ga+ng 1&1 >.;
&otor S'ooter Gre2ille 7radshaw 1(1( England
&i'ros'ope Dacharis Banssen 1$(% Netherlands
,a'emaker Dr. 6aul Doll 1($) >;A
,o'ket 4at'* 6eter ,enlein 1$1% German4
,en1%l%m 'lo'k Christiaan ,u4gens 1$' Netherlands
,iano 7artolomeo Cristo9ori 1'%% Ital4
,ara'*%te Bean 6ierre 7lanchard 1'&$ 5rance
7e/ol/er ;amuel Colt 1&3$ >.;
Small ,o: (a''ine Edward Benner 1'( England
Steam en-ine -homas ;a2er4 1(& >I
Steam 3oat Bohn 5itch 1'& >;A
Sa:op*one Adolphe ;a< 1&" 7elgium
SteamEpo4ere1
airs*ip
,enri GiLard 1&$) 5rance
So2t 'onta't lenses *tto @ichterle 1(1 C/ech
Stet*os'ope .en^ Laennec 1&1 5rance
S%3marine Da2id 7ushnell 1'' >.;
Synt*esi6er Dr. .o3ert Arthur Moog 1(" >.;
Tele-rap* ;amuel Morse 1&"" >;A
Telep*one ;cott Ale<ander Graham 7ell 1&'" Canada
Time 7e'or1er ,arlow 7und4 1&(% >.;
Type4riter 6eter Mitterho9er 1&" Austria
(a''ination Dr. Edward Benner 1'( England
(a'%%m Cleaner I2es McGaLe4 1&( >.;
FEray @ilhelm Conrad .oentgen 1&($ German4
8a'ts
J A cockroach can li2e se2eral weeks with its head cut oLc
J ,uman thigh 3ones are stronger than concrete.
J I9 4ou snee/e too hard0 4ou can 9racture a ri3. I9 4ou tr4 to
suppress a snee/e0 4ou can rupture a 3lood 2essel in 4our head or
neck and die.
J -he e4e muscles are most acti2e muscles in the whole 3od4.
J Sou can#t kill 4oursel9 34 holding 4our 3reath
J -here is a cit4 called .ome on e2er4 continent.
J It#s against the law to ha2e a pet dog in Icelandc
J Sour heart 3eats o2er 1%%0%%% times a da4c
J ,oratio Nelson0 one o9 England#s most illustrious admirals was
throughout his li9e0 ne2er a3le to Qnd a cure 9or his sea8sickness.
J -he e4e can process 30%%% 3its o9 in9ormation e2er4 hour.
J A normal li9espan will 3ring 4ou almost )" millions images o9 the
world around 4ou.
J .ats multipl4 so quickl4 that in 1& months0 two rats could ha2e
o2er a million descendants.
J @earing headphones 9or ?ust an hour will increase the 3acteria in
4our ear 34 '%% times.
J Months that 3egin on a ;unda4 will alwa4s ha2e a R5rida4 the
13th.R
J Coca8Cola would 3e green i9 coloring werenOt added to it.
J *n a2erage a hedgehog#s heart 3eats 3%% times a minute.
J More people are killed each 4ear 9rom 3ees than 9rom snakes.
J -he a2erage lead pencil will draw a line 3$ miles long or write
appro<imatel4 $%0%%% English words.
J More people are allergic to cow#s milk than an4 other 9ood.
J Camels ha2e three e4elids to protect themsel2es 9rom 3lowing
sand.
J -he placement o9 a donke4#s e4es in itOs# heads ena3les it to see
all 9our 9eet at all timesc
J -he si< o+cial languages o9 the >nited Nations are: English0
5rench0 Ara3ic0 Chinese0 .ussian and ;panish.
J Earth is the onl4 planet not named a9ter a god.
J It#s against the law to 3urp0 or snee/e in a church in Ne3raska0
>;A.
J Sou#re 3orn with 3%% 3ones0 3ut 34 the time 4ou 3ecome an adult0
4ou onl4 ha2e )%.
J ;ome worms will eat themsel2es i9 the4 can#t Qnd an4 9oodc
J -he skeleton o9 Berem4 7entham is present at all important
meetings o9 the >ni2ersit4 o9 London
J .ight handed people li2e0 on a2erage0 nine 4ears longer than le9t8
handed people
J Sour ri3s mo2e a3out $ million times a 4ear0 e2er4 time 4ou
3reathec
J -he elephant is the onl4 mammal that can#t ?umpc
J *ne quarter o9 the 3ones in 4our 3od40 are in 4our 9eetc
J Like Qngerprints0 e2er4one#s tongue print is diLerentc
J -he Qrst known trans9usion o9 3lood was per9ormed as earl4 as
1'0 when Bean87aptiste0 trans9used two pints o9 3lood 9rom a
sheep to a 4oung man
J 5ingernails grow nearl4 " times 9aster than toenailsc
J Most dust particles in 4our house are made 9rom dead skinc
J @omen 3link nearl4 twice as much as men.
J Adol9 ,itler was a 2egetarian0 and had onl4 *NE testicle.
J Dolphins sleep with one e4e openc
J It is impossi3le to snee/e with 4our e4es open
J -he longest recorded Uight o9 a chicken is 13 seconds
J ;lugs ha2e " noses.
J *wls are the onl4 3irds that can see the color 3lue.
J A giraLe can clean its ears with its )18inch tonguec
J -he a2erage person laughs 1% times a da4c
J An ostrich#s e4e is 3igger than its 3rain
J -he a2erage person walks the equi2alent o9 twice around the
world in a li9etimec
J -he most di+cult item 9or a sewerage plant to process is pu3ic
hair as it is insolu3le.
J Most lipstick contains Qsh scalesc
J It takes se2en minutes 9or the a2erage person to 9all asleepc
J -he 3ullet8proo9 2est0 windscreen wipers0 laser printers and Qre
escapes were all in2ented 34 womenc
J In the 1&&%s0 RpantsR was considered a dirt4 word in Englandc
J It was the Chinese who in2ented sun glasses in the 13th centur4
Da4 we ha2e cele3rated as

+an%ary

J New Sear#s Da4 P 1st Banuar4
J Da4 o9 ;ilence8 3rd Banuar4
J N.I Da48 (th Banuar4
J Laughing Da4 P 1%th Banuar4
J National South Da48 1)th Banuar4
J Arm4 da48 1$th Banuar4
J National Coter#s Da4 P )$th Banuar4
J Indian .epu3lic Da4 P )th Banuar4
J Mart4r#s Da48 3%th Banuar4
J ;treet Children#s Da4 P 31st Banuar4

8e3r%ary

J National Girl Da4 8)nd 5e3ruar4
J @orld Cancer Da4 8"th 5e3ruar4
J Calentine#s Da4 P1"th 5e3ruar4
J National ;cience Da4 P)&th 5e3ruar4

$ays o2 t*e (A9)NT?N) 5))C
J .ose Da4 8 5e3ruar4 '
J 6ropose Da4 8 5e3ruar4 &
J Chocolate Da4 8 5e3ruar4 (
J 7agels and Lo< Da4 8 5e3ruar4 (
J 6i//a 6ie Da4 8 5e3ruar4 (
J -edd4 Da4 8 5e3ruar4 1%
J 6romise Da4 8 5e3ruar4 11
J Iiss Da4 8 5e3ruar4 1)
J ,ug Da4 8 5e3ruar4 13
J Calentine#s Da4 P 5e3ruar4 1"

&ar'*

J International @omen#s Da4 P &th March
J No ;moking Da4813th March
J @orld Disa3le Da4 P 1$th March
J @orld Consumer .ights Da4 P 1$th March
J ;aint 6atrick#s Da4 P 1'th March
J @orld 6oetr4 Da4 P )1st March
J @orld -7 Da4 P )"th March

April

J 5ools# Da48 1st April
J @orld ,ealth Da48 'th April
J @orld 6arkinson#s Disease Da4811th April
J @orld ,emophilia Da481'th April
J @orld ,eritage Da48 1&th April
J Earth Da48 ))nd April

&ay

J Ma4 Da481st Ma4
J @orld 6ress 5reedom Da483rd Ma4
J @orld .ed Cross Da48 &th Ma4
J National -echnolog4 Da48 11th Ma4
J Mother#s Da48 ;econd ;unda4
J International Nursing Da481)th Ma4
J -elecommunication Da481'th Ma4
J International Da4 9or 7iological Di2ersit48))nd Ma4
J Commonwealth Da48 )"th Ma4
J @orld No8-o3acco Da4831st Ma4

+%ne

J International Children#s Da48 1st Bune
J @orld En2ironment Da48$th Bune
J @orld 7lood Donor Da48 1"th Bune
J 5ather#s Da48 )1st Bune
J @orld Music Da48)1st Bune
J International *l4mpic Da48)3rd Bune
J International Anti 8 Drugs Da40 International Da4 against Drug A3use and
illicit tra+cking8)th Bune

+%ly

J Doctor#s Da481st Bul4
J Independence Da4 in >.;8"th Bul4
J @orld 6opulation Da4811th Bul4
J Iargil Ci?a4 Di2as8)th Bul4

A%-%st

J @orld 7reast 5eeding Da48 1st August
J International 5riendshipDa483rd August
J Le9t ,ander#s Da4813th August
J Indian Independence Da4 P1$th August
J @orld 6hotograph4 Da481(th August
J @orld Mosquito Da48)%th August
J ;anskrit Da48)"th August
J @omen#s Equalit4 Da48)th August
J National ;ports Da48)(th August

Septem3er

J -eacher#s Da48$th ;eptem3er
J @orld Literac4 Da48&th ;eptem3er
J ,indi Da481"th ;eptem3er
J International Da4 o9 Democrac481$th ;eptem3er
J Engineers Da481$th ;eptem3er
J International Da4 o9 the 6reser2ation o9 the */one La4er81th ;eptem3er
J International Da4 o9 6eace8)1st ;eptem3er
J @orld Al/heimer#s Da48)1st ;eptem3er
J @orld ,eart Da48)"th ;eptem3er
J @orld -ourism Da48)'th ;eptem3er

0'to3er

J Mahatma Gandhi 7irthda4:International non2iolence da48)nd *cto3er
J @orld Animal @el9are Da4 P"th *cto3er
J Indian Air 9orce Da48 &th *cto3er
J @orld 6ost Da48 (th *cto3er
J National 6ost Da48 1%th *cto3er
J @orld 5ood Da481th *cto3er
J >nited Nation#s Da4 P )"th *cto3er

No/em3er

J Education Da4 FIndiaG P 11th No2em3er
J Children#s Da4 FIndiaG P 1"th No2em3er
J @orld Dia3etes Da481"th No2em3er
J International ;tudent#s Da48 1'th No2em3er
J Citi/enOs Da48 1(th No2em3er
J >ni2ersal ChildrenOs Da48 )%th No2em3er
J @orld -ele2ision Da48 )1st No2em3er


$e'em3er

J @orld AID; Da4 P 1st Decem3er
J @orld ,andicapped Da48 3rd Decem3er
J Na24 Da48 "th Decem3er
J International Colunteer Da48 $th Decem3er
J ,uman .ights Da48 1%th Decem3er
J 5armerOs Da4 FIishan Di2asG 8 )3rd Decem3er
J Christmas E2e P )"th Decem3er
J Christmas Da4 P)$th Decem3er
J 7o<ing Da48)th Decem3er
Computer @orld In9o..
J Ionrad Duse in2ented the @orldOs Qrst computer was named as the
D1 in 1(3. It was the 5irst 9reel4 programma3le computer.
J -he Qrst computer game was V;pacewarcR. -his game was
programmed 34 ;te2e .ussell and Qrst released in 5e3ruar4 1().
J Back Iil34 T .o3ert No4ce de2elop the Qrst Integrated Circuit F-he
ChipG in 1($&
J In 1($" Bohn 7ackus T I7M de2elop Qrst success9ul high
le2el programming language 5*.-.ANComputer
6rogramming Language
J A.6Anet the Qrst Internet connecti2it4 started in 1((.
J @ord;tar ;o9tware is the Qrst release o9 @ord 6rocessors application
de2eloped 34 ;e4mour .u3enstein T .o3 7arna34 in 1('(.
J Apple Lisa Computer is the Qrst home computer with a G>I Fgraphical
user inter9aceG in 1(&3
J -he Qrst we3 3rowser was in2ented 34 ;ir -im 7erners8Lee in 1((%. It
was called @orld@ide@e3 Fno spacesG and was later renamed Ne<us.
J -he Qrst search engine created was Archie0 in 1((% 34 Alan Emtage0
a student o9 McGill >ni2ersit4 in Montreal.
J *n Aug. 0 1((10 -im 7erners8Lee pu3lished the Qrst internet site
Fhttp:::www.w3.org:,istor4:1(()11%38
h4perte<t:h4perte<t:@@@:-he6ro?ect.htmlG 9rom CE.N0 the worldOs
largest ph4sics la3 in Gene2a0 ;wit/erland.
J -he Qrst supercomputer was the Control Data Corporation FCDCG
%% with a single C6>. It was released in 1(".
J India#s Qrst supercomputer is 6A.AM &%%%0 which was installed in
1((1.
J NCIDIA#s -esla computer was launched in London in Decem3er )%%&
is Qrst personal supercomputer.
J -he Qrst 3anner ad2ertising was used in 1((".
J -he E8mail is older than the @orld @ide @e3.
J -he Qrst domain name e2er registered was ;4m3olics.com.
J .ich ;krenta generated the Qrst computer 2irus in 5e3ruar4 1(&). ,e
is the author o9 Elk Cloner0the Qrst computer 2irus to 3e
released outside o9 the la3.
J -he Qrst 2ersion o9 E<cel was released 9or the Mac in 1(&$ and the
Qrst @indows 2ersion was released in No2em3er 1(&'.
J No3od4 can create a 9older named VConW in windows s4stem.
J -S6E@.I-E. is the longest word that can 3e made using
the letters onl4 on one row o9 the ke43oard.
J Each E<cel worksheet holds 10%"&0$' rows and 10 3&" columns
which makes 1'01'(0&(01&" cells per worksheet.
J >p to last 1%% actions can 3e undo in e<cel
*scar Award
An *scar stands 3"cm tall and weighs &.$ pounds.
-he Qrst *scar awards were presented on Ma4 10
1()(0 ,oll4wood .oose2elt ,otel.
-he V.ed carpetW at the Iodak -heatre is a3out $%% 9eet long.
5rom )%%)0 Dol34 -heatre F9ormerl4 known as Iodak -heatreG is the
permanent host 9or *scar ceremonies.
Emil Bannings is the Qrst person to recei2e the statuette o9 *scar. ,e
recei2ed *scar 9or 7est Actor in 1()(.
.. ;. *wens and Compan4 manu9actures *scar statuettes in Chicago
since 1(&).
Iatharine ,ep3urn won 9our 3est actress *scars0 most 34 an4 actor or
actress.
7en ,ur0 -itanic and -he Lord o9 the .ings: -he .eturn o9 the Iing0
these three Qlms win 11 *scars. -he4 create the record o9 most *scars
e2er won 34 a single Qlm.
-he .eturn o9 the Iing is the onl4 Qlm e2er to ha2e won e2er4 single
*scar it was nominated 9or.
-atum *ONeal is the 4oungest e2er *scar winner at the age o9 1%. ;he
won 3est supporting actress 9or the Qlm V6aper MoonW.
@alt Disne4 was nominated 9or "0 and won ). ,e has won more
*scars than an4one else.
VIt ,appened *ne Night0 *ne 5lew *2er the Cuckoo#s Nest and -he
;ilence o9 the Lam3sW is the onl4 three Qlms ha2e e2en won all top Q2e
*scars 8 7est 5ilm0 Actor0 Actress0 Director and @riting.
VGone with the @indW is the longest 6icture that won
7est 6icture award winner with )3" minutes.
-itanic holds the record o9 highest nomination with 1" each.
,attie McDaniel is the Qrst 7lack actress to win an *scar in 1("% 9or
7est ;upporting Actress in Gone with the @ind.
;idne4 6oitier is the Qrst 3lack actor to win an *scar in 1(3.
George 7ernard ;haw was the onl4 No3el Laureate who also won an
*scar in 1(3& 9or 64gmalion.
Adrien 7rod4 is the 4oungest actor to win 7est Actor award at the age
o9 )(0 9or -he 6ianist.
-he oldest actor to win *scar 9or 7est Actor is ' 4ear8old ,enr4 5onda.
*scars# unluckiest nominee is Ie2in *OConnell0 holds the record 9or the
most nominations with )% and no wins.
Iathr4n 7igelow is the Qrst woman to win the *scar as 3est director 9or
R-he ,urt LockerR.
VA2atarW currentl4 holds the record 9or most e<pensi2e mo2ie e2er to
win an *scar.
-he oldest person to win an *scar was Bessica -and4 in 1((% at the age
o9 &1.
,alle 7err4 is the Qrst 3lack actress to win *scar 9or 7est Actress.
*scar @inner )%13
7est 6icture RArgoR
Actor Daniel Da48Lewis 9or RLincolnR
Actress Benni9er Lawrence 9or R;il2er Linings
6la43ookR
Directing Ang Lee 9or RLi9e o9 6iR
;upporting Actor Christoph @alt/ 9or RD?ango
>nchainedR
;upporting Actress Anne ,athawa4 9or RLes Mis^ra3lesR
Documentar4 ;hort ;u3?ect RInnocenteR
Documentar4 5eature R;earching 9or ;ugar ManR
*riginal ;ong R;k49allR
*riginal ;core RLi9e o9 6iR
Animated ;hort 5ilm R6aper ManR
Animated 5eature 5ilm R7ra2eR
5oreign Language 5ilm RAmourR
Cinematograph4 Claudio Miranda 9or RLi9e o9 6iR
Cisual ELects RLi9e o9 6iR
Costume Design RAnna IareninaR
Makeup and ,airst4ling RLes Misera3lesR
Li2e Action ;hort 5ilm RCur9ewR
5ilm Editing RArgoR
6roduction Design RLincolnR
;ound Mi<ing RLes Misera3lesW
;ound Editing RDero Dark -hirt4R and R;k49allR
Adapted ;creenpla4 Chris -errio 9or RArgoR
*riginal ;creenpla4 Muentin -arantion 9or RD?ango
>nchainedR
)n-lis*
R5ort4R is the onl4 num3er which has its letters in alpha3etical order. R*neR
is the onl4 num3er with itsletters in re2erse alpha3etical order.
*9 all the words in the English language0 the word # set # has the most
deQnitionsc
*n re2ersing the words the4 spell the same: VMala4alamW0 VLirilW and
VMadamW.
V;tewardessesW is the longest word that is t4ped with onl4 the le9t hand.
No word in the English language rh4mes with month.
RDreamtR is the onl4 English word that ends in the letters RmtR.
R>ndergroundR is the onl4 word in the English language that 3egins and
ends with the letters Rund.R
*nl4 3 words in the English language end in RceedR: Rproceed0R Re<ceed0R
and Rsucceed.R
*9 all the languages in the world0 English has the largest 2oca3ular4 a3out
&%%0%%% words.
-he longest word in the English language0 according to the *<9ord English
Dictionar40 is
pneumonoultramicroscopicsilico2olcanokoniosis. -he onl4 other word with
the same amount o9 letters is pneumonoultra8
microscopicsilico2olcanoconioses0 its plural.
R@idowR is the onl4 9emale 9orm in the English language that is shorter
than its corresponding male term FRwidowerRG.
No language has more s4non4ms than English.
-he most common letters in English are . ; - L N E.
RGo.R is the shortest complete sentence in the English language.
-he onl4 word in English dictionar4 that sums up e<actl4 1%% is VattitudeW.
-he sentence R-he quick 3rown 9o< ?umps o2er the la/4 dog.R uses e2er4
letter in the alpha3et.
-he longest one s4lla3le word in the English language is VscreechedW.
No word in the English language rh4mes with month0 orange0 sil2er0 and
purple.
R>ndergroundR is the onl4 word in the English language that 3egins and
ends with the letters Rund.R
R-he si<th sick sheik#s si<th sheep#s sickR is said to 3e the toughest tongue
twister in English.
R5ourR is the onl4 num3er whose num3er o9 letters in the name equals
the num3er.
-he letter most in use in the English language is RER and the letter RMR is
least used.
-here is onl4 one word in the English language with thee consecuti2e pairs
o9 dou3le letter.... 7ookkeeper
-here are onl4 9our words in the English language which end inR8dousR:
tremendous0 horrendous0 stupendous0 and ha/ardous.
-here is a se2en letter word in the English language that contains ten
words without rearranging an4 o9 its letters0 RthereinR: the0 there0 he0 in0 rein0
her0 here0 here0 ere0 therein0 herein.
A sentence that contains all ) letters o9 the alpha3et is called a
RpangramR.
A dot o2er the letter ViW is called a -I--LE.
No words in the English language rh4me with orange0 sil2er or purple.
-he onl4 1$ letter word that can 3e spelled without repeating a letter is
Runcop4righta3le.R
-here is a se2en letter word in the English language that contains ten
words without rearranging an4 o9 its letters0 RthereinR: the0 there0 he0 in0 rein0
her0 here0 ere0 therein0
herein.
-here are two words in the English language that ha2e all Q2e 2owels in
order: Ra3stemiousR and R9acetious.R
-he word RqueueR is the onl4 word in the English language that is still
pronounced the same wa4 when the last 9our letters are remo2ed.
*nl4 two English words in current use end in R8gr4R. -he4 are Rangr4R and
Rhungr4R.
-he word Rtriskaidekapho3iaR means R9ear o9 5rida4 the 13thR. It also
means Rsuperstition a3out thenum3er thirteenR in general.
More English words 3egin with the letter RsR than with an4 other letter.
No word in the English language rh4mes with month0 orange0 sil2er0 or
purple.
R.h4thmsR is the longest English word without the normal 2owels0 a0 e0 i0 o0
or u.
-here is a word in the English language with onl4 one 2owel0 which occurs
Q2e times: Rindi2isi3ilit4.R
-he shortest word in the English language with all its letters in alpha3etical
order is the word Ralmost.R
-he letter most in use in the English language is RER and the letter RMR is
least used.
*ut o9 all the eight letter words in the English language0 onl4 one has onl4
one 2owel in it: Rstrength
6erson -hat recogni/ed as 5ather:Mother o9 a su3?ects...

J 5ather o9 Microscop4 Antonie 6hilips 2an
Leeuwenhoek
J 5ather o9 @estern Medicine ,ippocrates
J 5ather o9 Internet Cint Cer9
J 5ather o9 the American Constitution Bames Madison
J 5ather o9 the Indian Constitution Dr. 7... Am3edkar
J 5ather o9 ,umanism 5rancesco 6etrarca
J 5ather o9 Geometr4 Euclid o9 Ale<andria
J 5ather o9 New 5rance ;amuel de Champlain
J 5ather o9 Genetics Gregor Mendel
J 5ather o9 the Green .e2olution Norman Ernest 7orlaug
J 5ather o9 the Green .e2olution in India M.; ;waminathan
J 5ather o9 ;cientiQc Management 5rederick @inslow -a4lor
J 5ather o9 7iolog4 Aristotle
J 5ather o9 E2olution Charles Darwin
J 5ather o9 Micro3iolog4 Antonie 2an Leeuwenhoek
J 5ather o9 Nuclear Chemistr4 *tto ,ahn
J 5ather o9 6eriodic -a3le Dmitri Mendelee2
J 5ather o9 modern Medicine ,ippocrates
J 5ather o9 Modern 6h4sics Galileo Galilei
J 5ather o9 Modern Astronom4 Nicolaus Copernicus
J 5ather o9 Nuclear 6h4sics Ernest .uther9ord
J 5ather o9 Nuclear ;cience Marie Curie and 6ierre
Curie
J 5ather o9 Computer ;cience George 7oole and Alan
-uring
J 5ather o9 American 5oot3all @alter Camp
J 5ather o9 @alter Camp GeoLre4 Chaucer
J 5ather o9 modern *l4mpic 6ierre De Cou3ertin
J 5ather o9 o9 Num3ers 64thagoras
J 5ather o9 7otan4 -heophrastus
J 5ather o9 Electricit4 7en?amin 5ranklin
J 5ather o9 Electonics Michael 5arada4
J 5ather o9 -ele2ision Cladimir I. Dwor4kin
J 5ather o9 -elephone Ale<ander Graham 7ell
J 5ather o9 Mo3ile 6hone Martin Cooper
J 5ather o9 Laptop 7ill Moggridge
J 5ather o9 6s4cholog4 ;igmund 5reud
J 5ather o9 ;urger4 ;ushruta
J 5ather o9 6lastic ;urger4 ;ir ,arold Gillies
J 5ather o9 A4ur2eda Dhanwantar
A33re2iations and Acron4ms...
AIC-E All India Council 9or -echnical Education
AID; Acquired Immune DeQcienc4 ;4ndrom
AIIM; All India Institute o9 Medical ;cience
A6EC Asia 6aciQc Economic Cooperation
A;CII American ;tandard Code 9or In9ormation Interchange
A;EAN Association o9 ;outh East Asian Nations
A-M Automated -eller Machine
7I*; 7asic Input *utput ;4stem
76* 7usiness 6rocess *utsourcing
CDAC Centre 9or the De2elopment o9 Ad2anced Computing
CDMA Code Di2ision Multiple Access
C6@D Central 6u3lic @orks Department
C-7- Comprehensi2e -est 7an -reat4
DNA Deo<4ri3o Nucleic Acid
D-6 Desktop 6u3lishing
E8MAIL Electronic Mailing
E6A7d Electronic 6ri2ate Automatic 7ranch E<change
5ICCI 5ederation o9 Indian Cham3ers o9 Commerce and Industr4
5I. 5irst In9ormation .eport
GM- Greenwich Mean -ime
G6.; General 6acket .adio ;4stem
G6; Glo3al 6ositioning ;4stem
G;LC Geos4nchronous ;atellite Launch Cehicle
G;M Glo3al ;4stem 9or Mo3ile Communications
,IC ,uman ImmunodeQcienc4 Cirus
,-ML ,4perte<t -rans9er 6rotocol
I7M International 7usiness Machines
IEEE Institute o9 Electronics and Electrical Engineers
IMAd Image Ma<imum
IL* International La3our *rgani/ation
I6 Internet 6rotocol
I;7N International ;tandard 7ook Num3er
I;DN Integrated ;er2ices Digital Network
I;* International ;tandards *rgani/ation
I;.* Indian ;pace .esearch *rgani/ation
B6EG Boint 6hotographic E<perts Group
LA;E. Light AmpliQcation 34 ;timulated Emission o9 .adiation
LCD Liquid Cr4stal Displa4
MIC. Magnetic Ink Character .ecognition
M*DEM Modulator Demodulator
M6EG Motion 6icture E<perts Group
NALC* National Aluminum Compan4 Ltd.
NA;A National Aeronautics and ;pace Administration
NA;DAM National Association o9 ;ecurities Dealers Automated
Muotation
NA;;C*M National Association o9 ;o9tware and ;er2ice Companies
NA-* North Atlantic -reat4 *rgani/ation
*6EC *rgani/ation o9 6etroleum E<porting Countries
6AN 6ermanent Account Num3er
6IN 6ostal Inde< Num3er
.ADA. .adio Detecting and .anging
.AM .andom Access Memor4
;E7I ;ecurities and E<change 7oard o9 India
-IN -a< In9ormation Network
>GC >ni2ersit4 Grants Commission
>NE;C* >nited Nations Educational0 ;cientiQc and Cultural
*rgani/ation
>NICE5 >nited Nations Children#s 5und
>.L >ni9orm .esource Locator
C;A- Cer4 ;mall Aperture -erminals
@,* @orld ,ealth *rgani/ation
@LL @ireless in Local Loop
@@5 @orld @ildli9e 5und
@@@ @orld @ide @e3
@S;I@SG @hat 4ou see is what 4ou get
dML E<tensi3le Mark8up Language
DI6 Done Impro2ement 6lan
Measurement De2ice
$e/i'e Use1 2or &eas%rin-
Anemometer ;peed o9 @ind
A'tinometer ,eating power o9 radiation0 solar radiation
Ammeter Electric current in a circuit
A%1iometer ,earing loss
#olometer 6ower o9 incident electromagnetic radiation
#arometer Atmospheric pressure
Cat*etometer Certical distances
$ensimeter ;peciQc gra2it4 o9 liquids
$ynamometer 5orce or torque
$ensitometer *ptical densit4 o9 a photographic Qlm
)le'troen'ep*alo-rap* Electrical acti2it4 o9 the 3rain
)le'tro'ar1io-rap* Electrical acti2it4 o9 the heart
)laeometer ;peciQc gra2it4 o9 oils
=al/anometer Electricit4
@y1rometer ;peciQc gra2it4 o9 liquids
@y-rometer Densit4 o9 water in air
9a'tometer ;peciQc gra2it4 o9 milk
9ysimeter 7alance o9 water in soil
&a-netometer ;trength o9 magnetic Qelds
&anometer 6ressure
,lastometer 5low properties o9 plastic materials
,olarimetry 6olari/ation o9 trans2erse wa2es0 electromagnetic
wa2es
Spirometer Colume o9 air
Spe'trometer 6roperties o9 light in a speciQc portion o9
electromagnetic spectrum
Seismometers Mo2ement o9 Earth ;ur9ace
Sp*y-momanometer 7lood pressure
T*ermometer -emperature
Tensiometer ;ur9ace tension o9 liquids
(is'ometer Ciscosit4 o9 a Uuid
(oltmeter Electric potential0 2oltage
iseases caused 34 Citamin DeQcienc4

DeQcienc4 Diseases Citamin
Ari3oUa2inosis Citamin 7) F.i3oUa2inG
Anemia Citamin 7
7eri3eri Citamin 71 F-hiamineG
7iotin Citamin 7' F7iotinG
7leeding disease Citamin I
Color83lindness Citamin A
Con?uncti2itis Citamins A0 7)0 C F70 DincG
,4poco3alaminemia Citamin 71)
Ieratomalacia Citamin A
Night 7lindness Citamin A
6ellagra Citamin 73 FNiacinG
6araesthesia Citamin 7$
6hotopho3ia Citamin 7)
.ickets Citamin D
*steomalacia Citamin D
;cur24 Citamin C
Compan4 In9o
Company Na
me
8o%n1e1
?n
8o%n1er @ea1q%arter
Sams%n- 1(3& Lee 74ung8chull ;eoul0 ;outh Iorea
Nokia 1&'1 5redrik Idestam0 Leo Mechelin ,elsinki0 5inland
Apple 1(' ;te2e Bo3s0 ;te2e @o/niak0
.onald @a4ne
Cali9ornia0 >.;
S%6%ki 1(%( Michio ;u/uki ;hi/uoka0 Bapan
&er'e1esE
#en6
1&& Iarl 7en/ ;tuttgart0 German4
A%1i 1(%( August ,orch Ingolstadt0 German4
#&5 1(1 5ran/ Bose9 6opp Munich0 German4
8errari 1("' En/o 5errari Maranello0 Ital4
,arker ,en 1&&& George ;aLord 6arker East ;usse<0 England
Sony 1(" Masaru I3uka0 Akio Morita -ok4o0 Bapan
,*ilips 1&(1 Gerard 6hilips0 5rederik
6hilips
Amsterdam0 Netherlands
+o*nson B
+o*nson
1&& .o3ert @ood Bohnson I0 Bames
@ood Bohnson0
Edward MeadBohnson
New Berse40 >nited ;tates
Ca13%ry 1&)" Bohn Cad3ur4 ><3ridge0 London0 >nited Iingdom
$a3%r 1&&" Dr. ; I 7urman Gha/ia3ad0 India
Col-ate 1&'3 @illiam Colgate New Sork0 >nited ;tate
9G0rHal 1(%( Eug_ne ;chueller ,auts8de8;eine0 5rance
9= 1("' Ioo In8,woi ;eoul0 ;outh Iorea
A1i1as 1()" Adol9 Dassler ,er/ogenaurach0 German4
=oo1year 1&(& 5rank ;ei3erling Akron0 *hio0 >.;.
=oo-le 1((& Larr4 6age0 ;erge4 7rin Cali9ornia0 >nited ;tates
@on1a 1("& ;oichiro ,onda0 -akeo
5u?isawa
Minato0 -ok4o0 Bapan
?ntel 1(& Gordon Moore0 .o3ert No4ce Cali9ornia0 >nited ;tates
&'$onal1 1("% .ichard and Maurice
McDonald
*ak 7rook0 Illinois0 >.;.
&78 1(" I.M.Mammen Mappillai Chennai0 India
8or1 1(%3 ,enr4 5ord Michigan0 >.;
Compan4 with 5ull Names

3M Minnesota Mining and Manu9acturing Compan4
A-T- American -elephone and -elegraph Compan4
Adidas Adol9 FAdiG Dassler
Amoco AMerican *il C*mpan4
A*L America *nline
Amul Anand Milk >nion Limited
7M@ 7a4erische Motoren @erke
77C 7ritish 7roadcasting Corporation
7enM 7ringing En?o4ment and Mualit4
7,6 7roken ,ill 6roprietar4
7;NL 7harat ;anchar Nigam Limited
76 7ritish 6etroleum
76L 7ritish 6h4sical La3oratories
7A;57A;5 7aden Aniline and ;oda 5actor4
7EML 7harat Earth Mo2ers Limited
7,EL 7harat ,ea24 Electricals Limited
CEA- Ca2i Elettrici e A+ni -orino
Capcom Capsule Computers
CDAC Centre 9or De2elopment o9 Ad2anced Computing
C*L- Cit4 *9 London -elecom
E;6N Entertainment and ;ports 6rogramming Network
,D5C ,ousing De2elopment 5inance Corporation Limited
,CL ,industan Computer Limited
,-C ,igh -ech Computer Corporation
,6 ,ewlett86ackard
,MC ,is Master#s Coice
,;7C ,ongkong and ;hanghai 7anking Corporation
,TM ,ennes T Maurit/
ICICI 7ank Industrial Credit and In2estment Corporation o9 India 7ank
I7M International 7usiness Machines
In9os4s In9ormation ;4stems
Intel IN-egrated ELectronics
IIEA Ing2ar Iamprad Elmtar4d Agunnar4d
ING International Netherlands Group
BCC Bapan Cictor Compan4
B7L Bames 7ullough Lansing
I5C Ientuck4 5ried Chicken
LT- Larsen T -ou3ro
LG Luck4 and Goldstar
LEG* leg godt
M.5 Madras .u33er 5actor4
NEC Nippon Electric Compan4
Nikon Nippon Iogaku
Nissan Nippon ;ang4o
6TG 6rocter T Gam3le Compan4
;A6 ;4stem Anal4se und 6rogrammentwicklung
-CL -oda4 China Lion
>6; >nited 6arcel ;er2ice o9 America
@ipro @estern India 6alm .eQned *il Ltd
;logan o9 some 6opular Companies
RInno2ationR
3M
V,igh 6er9ormance. Deli2ered.W
Accenture
VImpossi3le is nothingW
Adidas
R;etting the ;tandardsR
Air3us
Reand Sou#re DoneR
Ama/on.com
RSour @orld. Deli2eredR
A-T-
RCircuit Design 9or the .5 ImpairedR
A-G Design ;er2ices
RGet In the GameR
A-I -echnologies
V-he Compan4 9or @omanW
A2on
RInno2ating 9or a ;a9er @orldR
7AE ;4stems
R-he Leader in ;mall ;pace and .ocket ;4stemsR
7all Corporation
R5ore2er New 5rontiersR
7oeing
R7etter ;ound -hrough .esearchR
7ose Corporation
R;etting the ;tandard in De2ice 6rogrammingR
76 Micros4stems
V7e4ond 6etroleumW
76
V-he ultimate dri2ing machineW
7M@
RInow ,owR
Canon
V-he 6enalt4 o9 LeadershipW
Cadillac
V7etween lo2e and madness lies o3sessionW
Cal2in Ilein
R-his is the 6ower o9 the Network. Now.R
Cisco ;4stems
RInspiration -echnolog4R
Compaq F,6G
V*pen ,appienessW
Coca8Cola
RInno2ation and E<cellenceR
Datel FCTD -echG
RGet More out o9 NowR
Dell Computer
V-he happiest place on earthW
Disne4land
R-he Miracles o9 ;cienceR
Du6ont
V7u4 it. ;ell it. Lo2e it.W
E3a4
R-aking Sou 5orwardR
Ericsson
R.5 *n 5i3erR
5i3er8;pan0 LLC
R7uilt 9or the .oad AheadR
5ord
V5or the men in charge o9 changeW
5ortune Maga/ine
R-he 6ossi3ilities are InQniteR
5u?itsu
R;trength *n Sour ;ideR
General D4namics
RImagination at @orkR
General Electric
RInno2ation and E<cellence in .5 T Microwa2eR
GigaLane
VDonOt 3e e2ilW
Google
RMaterials that Create ;olutionsR
GriL ;pecialt4 6aper and 5ilm
RInspire the Ne<tR
,itachi
RIn2entR
,ewlett86ackard
R@e are ,one4wellR
,one4well
VAmerican 34 7irth. .e3el 34 choice.W
,arle4 Da2idson
R@e Make I- ,appenR
I7M
V-hink 3igW
Ima<
R-he 6ower o9 ChoiceR
I5I
RIntel InsideR
Intel
REngineered 9or Li9eR
I--
RA Cirtual @orld o9 Li2e 6icturesR
Iodak
V5inger lickinO goodW
Ientuck4 5ried Chicken
RAt Links4s 8 @e are making connecti2it4 easierR
Links4s
V7ecause 4ouOre worth itW
LO*real
R-he 5uture o9 Memor4R
Micron
RDigital DNAR R,ello. MotoR
Motorola
RSour 6artner In Antenna -echnolog4R
m@ACE Industries0 LLC
REmpowered 34 Inno2ationR
NEC Corporation
RConnecting 6eopleR
Nokia
VAt the heart o9 the imageW
Nikon
VBust do itW
Nike
R7usiness @ithout 7oundariesR
Nortel Networks
R-he Leader in ;mall ;pace and .ocket ;4stemsR
*r3ital ;ciences Corporation
RIdeas 9or Li9eR
6anasonic
R;ense and ;implicit4R
6hilips
V-he greatest traged4 is indiLerenceW
.ed Cross
RImagineR
;amsung Electronics
R-he Network Is -he ComputerR
;un Micros4stems
R@e Make It ,appenR
>nis4s
R-his Is MomentumR
>nited -echnologies Corporation
RCan Sou ,ear Me Nowf Good.R
Ceri/on @ireless
VItOs is e2er4where 4ou want to 3eW
Cisa
VMake the most o9 nowW
Coda9one
V-hink smallW
Colkswagon
V;a2e mone4. Li2e 7etter.W
@almart
R-he 6rogramma3le Logic Compan4R
dilin<
R@hen 6er9ormance MattersR
dMA Corporation
VLet 4our Qngers do the walkingW
Sellow 6ages
@inners o9 )%1)...
TennisD
A%stralian open
Men#s ;ingles No2ak D?oko2ic
@omen#s ;ingles Cictoria A/arenka
Men#s Dou3les Leander 6aes : .adek gthp`nek
@omen#s Dou3les ;2etlana Iu/netso2a : Cera D2onare2a
Mi<ed Dou3les 7ethanie Mattek8;ands : ,oria -eciu
US 0pen
Men#s ;ingles And4 Murra4
@omen#s ;ingles ;erena @illiams
Men#s Dou3les 7o3 7r4an and Mike 7r4an
@omen#s Dou3les ;ara Errani and .o3erta Cinci
Mi<ed Dou3les Ekaterina Makaro2a and 7runo
;oares
5im3le1on C*ampions*ips
Men#s ;ingles .oger 5ederer
@omen#s ;ingles ;erena @illiams
Men#s Dou3les Bonathan Marra4 and 5rederik Nielsen
@omen#s Dou3les ;erena @illiams and Cenus @illiams
Mi<ed Dou3les Mike 7r4an and Lisa .a4mond
8ren'* 0pen
Men#s ;ingles .a9ael Nadal
@omen#s ;ingles Maria ;harapo2a
Men#s Dou3les Ma< Mirn4i and Daniel Nestor
@omen#s Dou3les ;ara Errani and .o3erta Cinci
Mi<ed Dou3les ;ania Mir/a and Mahesh 7hupathi
)%1) Da2is Cup C/ech .epu3lic
)%1) 5ed Cup @orld Group C/ech .epu3lic

Cri'ket
.an?i -roph4 @inner .a?asthan
Asia Cup @inner 6akistan
I6L @inner Iolkata Inight .iders
>nder1( Cricket @orld Cup India
)%1) ICC @orld -went4)% @est Indies

8orm%la 0ne
Chinese Grand 6ri< Nico .os3erg
Mala4sian Grand 6ri< 5ernando Alonso
Australian Grand 6ri< Benson 7utton
Monaco Grand 6ri< Mark @e33er
Indian Grand 6ri< ;e3astian Cettel

8oot3all
5I5A Clu3 @orld Cup Corinthians
>E5A Champions League 5inal Chelsea
>E5A Euro )%1) ;pain
5A Communit4 ;hield Manchester Cit4
Nehru Cup 5ot3all India
5amous Muotes....

A person who ne2er made a mistake ne2er tried an4thing new.
Al3ert )instein
It#s not what happens to 4ou 3ut how 4ou react to it that matters.
)pi'tet%s
An in2estment in knowledge pa4s the 3est interest.
#en 8ranklin
Change is the law o9 li9e. And those who look onl4 to the past or
present are certain to miss the 9uture.
+o*n 8> Cenne1y
Education is the most power9ul weapon which 4ou can use to change
the world.
Nelson &an1ela
An in2estment in knowledge pa4s the 3est interest.
#enIamin 8ranklin
Sou onl4 li2e once0 3ut i9 4ou do it right0 once is enough.
&ae 5est
Li2e as i9 4ou were to die tomorrow. Learn as i9 4ou were to li2e 9ore2er.
&a*atma =an1*i
;e2en Deadl4 ;ins: @ealth without work0 6leasure without conscience0
;cience without humanit40 Inowledge without character0 6olitics
without principle0 Commerce without moralit40 @orship without
sacriQce.
&a*atma =an1*i
Education is what remains a9ter one has 9orgotten what one has
learned in school.
Al3ert )instein
Sou can do an4thing0 3ut not e2er4thing.
$a/i1 Allen
Sou must 3e the change 4ou wish to see in the world.
=an1*i
E2er4 man dies. Not e2er4 man reall4 li2es.
5illiam 5alla'e
@e are what we repeatedl4 do. E<cellence0 there9ore0 is not an act0 3ut
a ha3it.
Aristotle
@e make a li2ing 34 what we get. @e make a li9e 34 what we gi2e.
5inston C*%r'*ill
-he 3eginning is the most important part o9 the work.
,lato
Imagination is the 3eginning o9 creation. Sou imagine what 4ou desire0
4ou will what 4ou imagine0 and at last0 4ou create what 4ou will.
=eor-e #ernar1 S*a4
Sou see thingsH and 4ou sa40 N@h4fO 7ut I dream things that ne2er
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(in'e 9om3ar1i
Name ;cientiQc o9 Animals
Ant ,4menopetrous 9ormicidae
7ear >rsidae Carni2ora
7ats Chiroptera
Camel Camelus Camelidae
Cat 5elis Catus
Cheetah Acinon4< Bu3atus
Crow Cor2ous Corone
Crocodile Crocodilia Niloticus
Deer Artiodact4l Cer2idae
Dog Cannis 5amiliaris
Do2e Colum3idae Colom3i9ormes
Duck Anatidae Anseri9ormes
Elephant 6ro3oscidea Elephantidae
Eagle Aquila Accipitridae
Gorilla Gorilla gorilla
GiraLe GiraLa camelopardalis
,orse Eqqus Ca3allus
,awk Diurnus Accipitridae
Iangaroo Macropus Macropodidae
Leopard 6anthera pardus
Lion 6anthera Leo
Mouse .odentia Muridae
*strich ;truthio Camelus
6ig Artiodact4la ;uidae
6arrot 6haethontidae 6sittaci9ormes
6eacock 6a2a Cristatus
6enguin 6entagonica ;phenisci9ormes
6igeon Colum3idae Colom3i9ormes
6olar 3ear >rsus maritimus
.attle ;nake Cortalus ,orridus
.hinoceros 6errissodanct4l .thinocerotidae
;parrow 6loceidae 6asser
-iger 6anthera -igris
-ortoise ,er3i2ora -estudinidae
Culture Diurnilis Neophron
Name ;cientiQc ;tud4
Acolog4 ;tud4 o9 medical remedies
Adenolog4 ;tud4 o9 glands
Aerolog4 ;tud4 o9 the atmosphere
Agrolog4 ;tud4 o9 agricultural soils
Anesthesiolog4 ;tud4 o9 anesthetics
Anatom4 ;tud4 o9 the structure o9 li2ing things
Anthropo3iolog4 ;tud4 o9 the natural histor4 o9 the human
species
Anthropolog4 ;tud4 o9 humanit4
Apiolog4 ;tud4 o9 3ees
Arachnolog4 ;tud4 o9 spiders
Archaeolog4 ;tud4 o9 human acti2it4 in the past
Astrolog4 ;tud4 o9 inUuence o9 stars on people
Astronom4 ;tud4 o9 celestial 3odies
Au<olog4 ;tud4 o9 growth
7arolog4 ;tud4 o9 gra2itation
7i3liolog4 ;tud4 o9 3ooks
7iolog4 ;tud4 o9 li9e
7otan4 ;tud4 o9 plants
7romatolog4 ;tud4 o9 9ood
7rontolog4 ;tud4 o9 thunder
CaloriQcs ;tud4 o9 heat
Cardiolog4 ;tud4 o9 the heart
Carpolog4 ;tud4 o9 9ruit
Chemistr4 ;tud4 o9 the composition0 properties and
3eha2ior o9 matter
Cosmolog4 ;tud4 o9 the uni2erse
Cr4ptolog4 ;tud4 o9 codes
Dact4lograph4 ;tud4 o9 Qngerprints
Dendrolog4 ;tud4 o9 trees
Dermatolog4 ;tud4 o9 skin
Desmolog4 ;tud4 o9 ligaments
Ecolog4 ;tud4 o9 en2ironment
Economics ;tud4 o9 material wealth
Edapholog4 ;tud4 o9 soils
Entomolog4 ;tud4 o9 insects
5loristr4 ;tud4 o9 culti2ating and selling Uowers
Geoponics ;tud4 o9 agriculture
Grapholog4 ;tud4 o9 handwriting
,elminthological ;tud4 o9 worms
,ematolog4 ;tud4 o9 3lood
,4drogeolog4 ;tud4 o9 ground water
,4grometr4 ;tud4 o9 humidit4
Ichth4olog4 ;tud4 o9 Qsh
Insectolog4 ;tud4 o9 insects
Linguistics ;tud4 o9 language
Meteorolog4 ;tud4 o9 weather
Nepholog4 ;tud4 o9 clouds
Nephrolog4 ;tud4 o9 the kidne4s
Numismatics ;tud4 o9 coins
*dontolog4 ;tud4 o9 teeth
*olog4 ;tud4 o9 eggs
*phiolog4 ;tud4 o9 snakes
*rnitholog4 ;tud4 o9 3irds
*rthopterolog4 ;tud4 o9 cockroaches
*steolog4 ;tud4 o9 3ones
*tolog4 ;tud4 o9 the ear
6alaeolimnolog4 ;tud4 o9 ancient Qsh
6atholog4 ;tud4 and diagnosis o9 disease
6s4cholog4 ;tud4 o9 mental 9unctions and 3eha2iors
;eismolog4 ;tud4 o9 earthquakes
-hermolog4 ;tud4 o9 heat
Cermeolog4 ;tud4 o9 worms
d4lolog4 ;tud4 o9 wood
Doolog4 ;tud4 o9 animals
6ho3ia List....

Achluopho3ia8 5ear o9 darkness.
Acousticopho3ia8 5ear o9 noise.
Acropho3ia8 5ear o9 heights.
Agliopho3ia8 5ear o9 pain.
Ailuropho3ia8 5ear o9 cats.
Amathopho3ia8 5ear o9 dust.
Apipho3ia8 5ear o9 3ees.
Arachnepho3ia 8 5ear o9 spiders.
Arsonpho3ia8 5ear o9 Qre.
Autom4sopho3ia8 5ear o9 3eing dirt4.
7acteriopho3ia8 5ear o9 3acteria.
7athopho3ia8 5ear o9 depth.
7i3liopho3ia8 5ear o9 3ooks.
7rontopho3ia8 5ear o9 thunder and lightning.
Catoptropho3ia8 5ear o9 mirrors.
Chionopho3ia8 5ear o9 snow.
Chromopho3ia or Chromatopho3ia8 5ear o9 colors.
C43erpho3ia8 5ear o9 computers or working on a computer.
C4nopho3ia8 5ear o9 dogs or ra3ies.
Didaskaleinopho3ia8 5ear o9 going to school.
Entomopho3ia8 5ear o9 insects.
Gamopho3ia8 5ear o9 marriage.
Iatropho3ia8 5ear o9 going to the doctor or o9 doctors.
Iatsaridapho3ia8 5ear o9 cockroaches.
L4gopho3ia8 5ear o9 darkness.
*l9actopho3ia8 5ear o9 smells.
*phidiopho3ia8 5ear o9 snakes
6hasmopho3ia8 5ear o9 ghosts.
;colionopho3ia8 5ear o9 school.
-achopho3ia8 5ear o9 speed.
-auropho3ia8 5ear o9 3ulls.
-r4panopho3ia8 5ear o9 in?ections.