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vn 1

Cleverlearn Vietnam English Language Center
Building 3-2C Van Phuc Diplomatic Compound
Van Bao St. Ba Dinh Dist.
Hanoi, Vietnam
Zip code: 10000
Tel: (84.4) 3726 1698 Fax: (84.4) 726 1699
A, an, the - Ca ch s du ng ma o t trong tieng Anh
Mo t trong ting Anh l t dng trc danh t v cho bit danh t y cp n
mt i tng xc nh hay khng xc nh.
Chng ta dng "the" khi danh t ch i tng c c ngi ni ln ngi nghe bit r i
tng n{o . Ngc li, khi dng mo t bt nh a, an; ngi ni cp n mt i
tng chung hoc cha x|c nh c

A, an or the ?
The l mo t xc nh dng cho c danh t m c (s t ln s nhiu) v danh t
khng m c.
V d:
- The truth (s tht)
- The time (thi gian)
- The bicycle (mt chic xe p)
- The bicycles (nhng chic xe p)
Dng mo t xc nh


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Cleverlearn Vietnam English Language Center
Building 3-2C Van Phuc Diplomatic Compound
Van Bao St. Ba Dinh Dist.
Hanoi, Vietnam
Zip code: 10000
Tel: (84.4) 3726 1698 Fax: (84.4) 726 1699

1. Khi vt th hay nhm vt th l duy nht hoc c xem l duy nht
V d:
- The sun (mt tri); the sea (bin c)
- The world (th gii); the earth (qu t)
2. Trc mt danh t, vi iu kin danh t ny va mi c cp trc .
V d:
- I saw a beggar.The beggar looked curiously at me.
(Ti thy mt ngi n xin. Ngi n xin y nhn ti vi v t m)
3. Trc mt danh t, vi iu kin danh t ny c xc nh bng mt cm t
hoc mt mnh .
V d:
- The girl in uniform (C g|i mc ng phc)
- The mechanic that I met (Ngi th m|y m{ ti ~ gp)
- The place where I waited for him (Ni m{ ti i anh ta)
4. Trc mt danh t ch mt vt ring bit
V d:
- My father is working in the garden
- (Cha ti ang l{m vic trong vn) [Vn nh{ ti]
- Please pass the dictionary (L{m n a quyn t in) [T in trn b{n]
5. Trc so snh cc cp, Trc first (th nht), second (th nh), only (duy nht)....
khi cc t ny c dng nh tnh t hay i t.
V d:
- The first day (ngy u tin)
- The best time (thi gian thun tin nht)
- The only way (c|ch duy nht)
- The first to discover this accident (ngi u tin ph|t hin tai nn n{y)
6. The + Danh t s t tng trng cho mt nhm th vt hoc vt


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Cleverlearn Vietnam English Language Center
Building 3-2C Van Phuc Diplomatic Compound
Van Bao St. Ba Dinh Dist.
Hanoi, Vietnam
Zip code: 10000
Tel: (84.4) 3726 1698 Fax: (84.4) 726 1699
V d:
- The whale is in danger of becoming extinct (C| voi ang trong nguy c tuyt chng)
- The fast food has made life easier for housewives.(Thc n nhanh ~ l{m cho c|c b{ ni
tr c cuc sng d d{ng hn)
7. The c th dng Trc mt thnh vin ca mt nhm ngi nht nh
V d:
- The small shopkeeper is finding business increasingly difficult (Gii ch tim nh thy
vic bun b|n ng{y c{ng kh khn)
8. The + Danh t s tdng Trc mt ng t s t. i t l He / She /It
V d:
- The first-class passenger pays more so that he enjoys some comfort.
(H{nh kh|ch i v hng nht tr tin nhiu hn hng tin nghi thoi m|i)
9. The + Tnh ttng trng cho mt nhm ngi
V d:
-The old (ngi gi{); the rich and the poor (ngi gi{u v{ ngi ngho)
10. The dng Trc nhng danh t ring ch bin, sng, qun o, dy ni, tn gi s
nhiu ca cc nc, sa mc, min
V d:
- The Pacific (Thi Bnh Dng);The Netherlands (H{ Lan)
- The Crimea (Vng Crim); The Alps (dy Alps)
11. The cng ng Trc nhng tn gi gm Danh t + of + danh t
V d:
- The Gulf of Mexico (Vnh Mhic)
- The United States of America (Hip chng quc Hoa K).
Nhng ngi ta li ni:
- South Africa (Nam Phi), North America (Bc M), West Germany (T}y c),mc d The
north of Spain (Bc T}y Ban Nha), The Middle East (Trung ng); The West (T}y Phng)
12. The + h ( s nhiu)ngha l Gia nh ...
V d:The Smiths = Gia nh Smith (v chng Smith v{ c|c con)


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Cleverlearn Vietnam English Language Center
Building 3-2C Van Phuc Diplomatic Compound
Van Bao St. Ba Dinh Dist.
Hanoi, Vietnam
Zip code: 10000
Tel: (84.4) 3726 1698 Fax: (84.4) 726 1699
Khng dng mo t xc nh
1. Trc tn quc gia, tn chu lc, tn ni, tn h, tn ng.
V d:
Europe (Ch}u u), South America (Nam M), France (Ph|p quc), Downing Street (Ph
Downing)
2. Khi danh t khng m c hoc danh t s nhiu dng theo ngha chung nht,
ch khng ch ring trng hp no.
V d:
- I don't like French beer (Ti chng thch bia ca Ph|p)
- I don't like Mondays (Ti chng thch ng{y th hai)
3. Trc danh t tru tng, tr phi danh t ch mt trng hp c bit.
V d:
- Men fear death (Con ngi s c|i cht)
Nhng:
- The death of the President made his country acephalous (c|i cht ca vtng thng ~
khin cho t nc ng khng c ngi l~nh o).
4. Saus hu tnh t(possessive adjective) hoc sau danh t s hu
cch(possessive case).
V d:
- My friend, ch khng ni My the friend
- The girl's mother = the mother of the girl (M ca c g|i)
5. Trc tn gi cc ba n.
V d
-They invited some friends to dinner.
(H mi v{i ngi bn n n ti)
Nhng:
- The wedding breakfast was held in a beautiful garden
(Ba tic ci c t chc trong mt khu vn xinh p)
6. Trc cc tc hiu.


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Cleverlearn Vietnam English Language Center
Building 3-2C Van Phuc Diplomatic Compound
Van Bao St. Ba Dinh Dist.
Hanoi, Vietnam
Zip code: 10000
Tel: (84.4) 3726 1698 Fax: (84.4) 726 1699
V d
- President Roosevelt (Tng thng Roosevelt)
- King Louis XIV of France (Vua Louis XIV ca Ph|p)
7. Trong cc trng hp sau y
- Women are always fond of music (Ph n lun thch }m nhc)
- Come by car/by bus (n bng xe t/xe byt)
- In spring/in autumn (V{o ma xu}n/ma thu), last night (m qua), next year(nm ti),
from beginning to end (t u ti cui), from left to right (t tr|i sang phi).
- To play golf/chess/cards (chi gn/ |nh c/|nh b{i)
Lu
- Nature mang ngha "T nhin , thin nhin " th khng dng the.
V d:
- According to the laws of nature (Theo quy lut t nhin)
- They couldn't tolerate city life anymore and went back to nature(H khng chu ni i
sng th{nh th na v{ tr v vi thin nhin)
- He listened to the radio(Anh ta nghe rai), nhng He watchedtelevision(Anh ta xem TV) ;
hoc He heard it on the radio(Anh ta nghe c vic trn rai), nhng He saw it on
TV(Anh ta thy vic trn TV).
- Go home/get home (i v nh{), be at home ( nh{), nhng They returned to the brideg
room's home(H tr li nh{ ch r).Go to bed/hospital/church/school/ work/prison (i
ng/i nm bnh vin/i l/i hc/i l{m/ i t), nhng They went to the school to see
their children's teacher(H n trng gp thy ca con h) & Thepriest goes to the jail
topray for the two dying prisoners(Linh mc n nh{ t cu nguyn cho hai ngi t
ang hp hi) & She will get a bus at the church (C ta s n xe byt ch nh{ th).Ni
chung, khng th thiu The nu n trng khng phi hc, n nh{ t khng phi
t hoc n nh{ th khng phi cu nguyn
Mo t bt nh
1. A ng trc mt ph m hoc mt nguyn m c m l ph m.
V d:
- a game (mt tr chi); a boat (mt chic t{u thy)


Sponsored by Cleverlearn Vietnam English Language Center | http://cleverlearnvietnam.vn 6

Cleverlearn Vietnam English Language Center
Building 3-2C Van Phuc Diplomatic Compound
Van Bao St. Ba Dinh Dist.
Hanoi, Vietnam
Zip code: 10000
Tel: (84.4) 3726 1698 Fax: (84.4) 726 1699
- a university (mt trng i hc);a year (mt nm)
- a European (mt ngi u); a one-legged man (mt ngi tht ch}n)
2. An ng trc mt nguyn m hoc mt m cm
V d:
- an egg (mt qu trng);an ant (mt con kin)
- an honour (mt nim vinh d); an hour (mt gi ng h)
3. An cng ng trc cc mu t c bit c nh mt nguyn m.
V d:
- an SOS (mt tn hiu cp cu); an MSc (mt thc s khoa hc), an X-ray (mt tia X)
4. A/An c hnh thc ging nhau tt c cc ging, loi
V d:
- a tiger (mt con cp);a tigress (mt con cp c|i)
- an uncle (mt ng ch);an aunt (mt b{ d)
Cch dng mo t bt nh
1. Trc mt danh t s t m c.
V d:
- We need a microcomputer (Chng ti cn mt m|y vi tnh)
- He eats an ice-cream (Anh ta n mt c}y kem)
2. Trc mt danh t lm b tc t (k c danh t ch ngh nghip)
V d:
- It was a tempest( l{ mt trn b~o d di)
- She'll be a musician (C ta s l{ mt nhc s)
- Peter is an actor (Peter l{ mt din vin)
3. Trong cc thnh ng ch s lng nht nh
V d:
- a lot (nhiu); a couple (mt cp/i); a third (mt phn ba)
- a dozen (mt t|); a hundred (mt trm); a quarter (mt phn t)


Sponsored by Cleverlearn Vietnam English Language Center | http://cleverlearnvietnam.vn 7

Cleverlearn Vietnam English Language Center
Building 3-2C Van Phuc Diplomatic Compound
Van Bao St. Ba Dinh Dist.
Hanoi, Vietnam
Zip code: 10000
Tel: (84.4) 3726 1698 Fax: (84.4) 726 1699
Lu
a cng c dng trc half(na, ri), khi half theo sau mt snguyn vn. Chng hn, 2
1/2 kilos = two and half kilos hoc two kilos and a half (hai k r*i), nhng1/2 Kg = half a
kilo(na k) [khng c a trc half].i khi ng*i ta vn dng a + half + danh t, chng hn
nh a half-dozen (na t|), a half-length (bc nh chp na ngi); a half-hour (na gi).
Khng dng mo t bt nh
1. Trc danh t s nhiu
A/An khng c hnh thc s nhiu. V vy, s nhiu ca a cat l{ cats v{ ca an apple l{ apples
.
2. Trc danh t khng m c
V d:
- He gave us good advice (ng ta cho chng ti nhng li khuyn hay)
- I write on paper (Ti ghi trn giy)
3.Trc tn gi cc ba n, tr phi c tnh t ng trc cc tn gi
V d:
- They have lunch at eleven (h dng cm tra lc 11 gi)
- You gave me an appetizing dinner (bn ~ cho ti mt ba n ti tht ngon ming).
Tuy nhin, nu l{ ba n c bit nh}n dp n{o , ngi ta vn dng mo t bt nh.
V d:
- I was invited to breakfast (ba im t}m bnh thng)
(Ti c mi n im t}m).
- We were invited to a dinner given to welcome the new director.
(Chng ti c mi d ba n ti ch{o mng v gi|m c mi).