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Construction planning is a fundamental and challenging activity in the management and execution of construction projects. It involves the choice of technology, the definition of work tasks, the estimation of the required resources and durations for individual tasks, and the identification of any interactions among the different work tasks. A good construction plan is the basis for developing the budget and the schedule for work. Developing the construction plan is a critical task in the management of construction, even if the plan is not written or otherwise formally recorded. In addition to these technical aspects of construction planning, it may also be necessary to make organizational decisions about the relationships between project participants and even which organizations to include in a project.
This document outlines a Construction Management plan for the construction of a residential compound situated in Galati on Apollon Street. The project contains 5 buildings, each with 2 floors and are of a duplex format. The materials used for the structure of the building are reinforced concrete for the foundation and for the superstructures structural elements and wood for the roof.
This plan documents the overall construction planning at the Project application stage for the above mentioned works.
The content of this document include a brief description of the project, planned project sequencing, an overview of the plan for the project, and risk management planning.
2 SCOPE OF PROJECT
The scope of the project is profit from selling the buildings for at least double of their initial value, because of the site surface and landscape.
3 OBJECTIVES AND PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES
The objective of this project is the realization of 5 buildings, each having 2 floors (344.54 m 2 , 172.27 m 2 the first floor and 172.27 m 2 the second floor, from 2500 m 2 the entire surface of the site). They will have at the first floor a living room, kitchen, bathroom, hall, lobby and closet, and at the second floor three bedrooms and a bathroom.
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3.1 Management activities
3.1.1 Project management
3.1.1.1 Development of the scheduled project
A schedule for every activity and requirement for the completion of the project has been elaborated in the form of a Gantt chart using Microsoft Project 2010.
3.1.1.2 Land acquisition
A suitable site must have the following characteristics: Street access from two directions; Big enough to host the building and to respect the minimum distance from the other neighboring buildings according to the law; The optimum width and depth for the optimal placement and access of the building; Must have all the necessary facilities: running water, electricity and linkage to the water waste disposal system (sewer). Must be in accordance with the scope of the project. The site on Apollon Street mostly fulfills all the above requirements
3.1.1.3 Urban Master plan
The Master plan is a tool to guide and manage the growth of cities in a planned manner. The soul of a master plan lies in its implementation framework. Planning consists of making choices among the options that appear open for the future, and then securing their implementation, which depends upon allocation of necessary resources. All this planning exercise takes the form of a document called master plan which is one of the important tools to guide and manage future growth of the cities in a planned manner. This project activities are in accordance with Galatis master plan.
3.1.1.4 Design
An auction is conducted for an architectural and design firm to handle the design of the building. The criteria for choosing the firm are: Proof of quality (ISO 9001) Costs of the project; Time duration; Originality of the proposed solutions by respecting the overview of the neighboring constructions. The overall aspect of the building (the beneficiary will be consulted for this point).
Respecting the criteria of the auction, the firm which will handle the design of the building is SC Ideal Design Team SRL.
The design activities should include Prefeasibility studies, Feasibility studies and the Technical project.
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3.1.1.5 Execution of the project
An auction is conducted for choosing a firm to conduct the erection of the building. The criteria for choosing the firm are: The firm must have the following certifications: ISO 9001, ISO 18001 ISO 14001 OHSAS 18001; Similar experience, at least ten similar buildings ; Technological competence; For auctioning their services the firms must formulate a letter of bank guarantee.
Respecting the criteria of the auction, the firm which will handle the execution of the project is Vega 93 SRL.
3.1.1.6 Site planning and control
Access to the site must be ensured for material supplies, labor and other equipment. Facilities must also be ensured, such as, water, link to the water waste disposal system and electricity. Because the space allows it, there will be a provisory road build from the main street to the side of the construction because. Some materials that are going to be used, can also be stored on site.
3.1.1.7 Supervision of works
Construction Supervision consists in activities aimed at overall supervision of the designs and construction carried out by the contractor. Construction Supervision is responsible for controlling the Executive design drawn up by the design company, for the proper and timely execution of the work, for verifying that the materials used have received prior approval from the designer, controlling times and progress of the work on site, for verifying the progress of works. Furthermore, it verifies that what has been formally agreed, and/or declared by the contractor in the approved Quality Plan is adhered-to in the construction of the works. Monitoring the designs is done via dedicated figures within the Project Team as well as with the support of local Specialist Units. Construction Supervision further manages environmental issues in compliance with relevant rules and contractual agreements.
3.1.1.8 Payments
Payments are made according to the contracts between the investor and the contractor, design and execution as follows: A cash advance representing 50% of the contract value. If failure to complete a certain phase on time, the firm will be awarded a penalty of 5% of the total contract. If the investor fails to pay on time, the investor will have to pay a penalty of 5% of the total contract. The date for the next phase will be lengthened with 3 days for each day of the delay in payment.
The rules of payment are applied to the Construction Company.
3.1.1.9 Handing over the project to the beneficiary
Reception of the project consists in drafting the necessary documents for early or late finish.
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3.1.2 Quality management
For the assurance of the desired quality of the construction regular checks must be made in order to verify that the quality of the construction process is the same as those required in the project, the workers do their job properly, the structural members have the dimensions as stipulated in the project, the weather conditions are proper for the process.
3.1.3 Environment protection
The environmental impact of the new building should be kept at a minimum level. The ground water must not be polluted by the construction process.
3.1.4 Labor security
A briefing of the workmen regarding the rules and regulations must be made and ensuring the compliance and enforcement of these rules. Also the drafting of the necessary papers if there are work accidents must be done.
3.2 Technical activities
3.2.1 I nfrastructure works
Vegetal layer excavation a. Mechanical excavation by Bulldozer b. Extra hours for transportation General Pit Excavation a. Mechanical excavation y excavator with discharge in auto vehicles b. Mechanical excavation with discharge in deposit Manual Digging a. Leveling the bottom of the pit b. Manual digging in narrow spaces Soil Fillings a. Manual spreading the soil (bulldozer) b. Mechanical ramming-up the fills (ram) c. Mechanical spreading the soil (shovel) d. Ramming-up the fills (manual ram) Foundations a. Casting concrete b. Formworks c. Placing the OB37 and PC52 rebar d. Casting of reinforced concrete
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3.2.2 Superstructure works
Superstructure a. Formworks for walls and slabs b. Frame formworks in black metal sheet c. Formworks for slabs, beams and columns d. Mounting the OB37 reinforcement bars e. Mounting the OB57 reinforcement bars f. Metallic extensible props g. Metallic extensible beams to sustain h. Casting the concrete i. Casting the reinforced concrete
Closure and partitions a. Cellular concrete masonry b. Placing the BCA strips
Carpentry works a. Wooden windows with the surface up to 1 m 2
b. Wooden windows, area between 1-1.25 m 2
c. Wooden doors for balconies d. Wooden doors for interior e. Wooden boards, sills and rods up to 20 mm f. Wooden boards for windows g. Glass with wooden frames h. Metallic doors
Interior mortar plastering a. Interior plastering for walls and columns b. Interior plastering for ceiling c. Floated plastering
Flooring d. Supporting layers for the floors e. PVC plastic floorings including sills f. Mosaic cast in place flooring g. Mosaic cast in place plinth
Interior surface finishing a. Three-ply interior painting for walls and ceilings b. Three-ply interior painting for doors and windows c. Mounting faience on walls and columns
Exterior finishing a. Self-lifting metallic scaffold b. Exterior plastering in artificial stone
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Landscaping and Ground Work a. Offset the lake border b. Pour Concrete driveway and sidewalks c. Install fences d. Sod and complete plantings-front yard e. Sod and complete plantings back yard and lake side
3.2.3 MEA a. HVAS &R (heating, ventilation, air condition &refrigeration) b. Water and sewage system c. Fire system d. Mechanical systems e. Electrical system ~ 8 ~
4 PLANNING OF ACTIVITIES
Task Name Duration Start Finish Pred Resource Names Residential building project 152 days Mon 1/3/00 Tue 8/1/00 General Conditions 21 days Mon 1/3/00 Mon 1/31/00
Finalize plans and develop estimate with owner, architect 20 days Mon 1/3/00 Fri 1/28/00 General contractor,Architect,Owner, Sign contract and notice to proceed 1 day Mon 1/31/00 Mon 1/31/00 3 General contractor,Architect,Owner, Site Work 3 days Tue 2/1/00 Thu 2/3/00 Vegetal layer excavation 1 day Tue 2/1/00 Tue 2/1/00 4 Site excavation contractor Install temporary power service 1 day Wed 2/2/00 Wed 2/2/00 6 Electric company Install underground utilities 1 day Thu 2/3/00 Thu 2/3/00 7 Electric contractor,Plumbing contractor Foundation 21 days Fri 2/4/00 Fri 3/3/00 General pit excavation 3 days Fri 2/4/00 Tue 2/8/00 8 Site excavation contractor Dig foundationsand install reinforcement 1 day Wed 2/9/00 Wed 2/9/00 10 Concrete contractor Place concrete for foundations & basement walls 12 days Thu 2/10/00 Fri 2/25/00 11 Concrete contractor Waterproof/insulate basement walls 2 days Mon 2/28/00 Tue 2/29/00 12 Concrete contractor Perform foundation inspection 1 day Wed 3/1/00 Wed 3/1/00 13,10 Inspector Backfill foundation 2 days Thu 3/2/00 Fri 3/3/00 14 Site excavation contractor Suprastructure 40 days Mon 3/6/00 Fri 4/28/00 1st floor columns and beams framing 1 day Mon 3/6/00 Mon 3/6/00 15 Concrete contractor Fixing the reinforcement 1 day Tue 3/7/00 Tue 3/7/00 17 Concrete contractor Pour concrete dfor the 1st floor slab 1 day Wed 3/8/00 Wed 3/8/00 18 Concrete contractor Cure concrete for 7 days 7 days Thu 3/9/00 Fri 3/17/00 19 Concrete contractor 1st floor slab framing 1 day Mon 3/20/00 Mon 3/20/00 20 Concrete contractor Fixing the reinforcement 1 day Tue 3/21/00 Tue 3/21/00 21 Concrete contractor Pouring concrete 1 day Wed 3/22/00 Wed 3/22/00 22 Concrete contractor Cure concrete for 7 days 7 days Thu 3/23/00 Fri 3/31/00 23 Concrete contractor 2nd floor columns and beams framing 1 day Mon 4/3/00 Mon 4/3/00 24 Concrete contractor fixing the reinforcement 1 day Tue 4/4/00 Tue 4/4/00 25 Concrete contractor Pouring concrete 1 day Wed 4/5/00 Wed 4/5/00 26 Concrete contractor Cure concrete for 7 days 7 days Thu 4/6/00 Fri 4/14/00 27 Concrete contractor 2nd floor slab framing 1 day Mon 4/17/00 Mon 4/17/00 28 Concrete contractor Fixing the reinforcement 1 day Tue 4/18/00 Tue 4/18/00 29 Concrete contractor ~ 9 ~
Pouring concrete 1 day Wed 4/19/00 Wed 4/19/00 30 Concrete contractor Cure concrete for 7 days 7 days Thu 4/20/00 Fri 4/28/00 31 Concrete contractor Dry In 24 days Mon 5/1/00 Thu 6/1/00 Install 1st floor sheathing 3 days Mon 5/1/00 Wed 5/3/00 32 Framing contractor Install 2nd floor sheathing 3 days Thu 5/4/00 Mon 5/8/00 34 Framing contractor Install roof decking 3 days Tue 5/9/00 Thu 5/11/00 35 Framing contractor Install felt, flashing and shingles 3 days Fri 5/19/00 Tue 5/23/00 45 Roofing contractor Hang 1st floor exterior doors 1 day Wed 5/24/00 Wed 5/24/00 37 Framing contractor Install 1st floor windows 3 days Thu 5/25/00 Mon 5/29/00 38 Framing contractor Install 2nd floor windows 3 days Tue 5/30/00 Thu 6/1/00 39 Framing contractor Exterior Finishes 19 days Fri 6/2/00 Wed 6/28/00
Complete exterior brick 16 days Fri 6/2/00 Fri 6/23/00 40 Masonry contractor Complete exterior siding 3 days Mon 6/26/00 Wed 6/28/00 42 Framing contractor Utility Rough-B97Ins and Complete Concrete 17 days Fri 5/12/00 Mon 6/5/00 Rough-in plumbing 5 days Fri 5/12/00 Thu 5/18/00 36,35 Plumbing contractor Conduct rough-in plumbing inspection 1 day Fri 5/19/00 Fri 5/19/00 45 Inspector Place concrete for basement floor 11 days Mon 5/22/00 Mon 6/5/00 46 Concrete contractor Rough-in electrical 5 days Fri 5/12/00 Thu 5/18/00 36,35 Electric contractor Conduct rough-in electrical inspection 1 day Fri 5/19/00 Fri 5/19/00 48 Inspector Rough-in HVAC 3 days Mon 5/22/00 Wed 5/24/00 49 Heating and AC contractor Conduct rough-in HVAC inspection 1 day Thu 5/25/00 Thu 5/25/00 50 Inspector Rough-in communication - phone, cable, computer, alarm 2 days Fri 5/12/00 Mon 5/15/00 36 Electric contractor Interior Finishes 30 days Fri 6/2/00 Thu 7/13/00 Insulation 11 days Fri 6/2/00 Fri 6/16/00 Place wall insulation - 1st floor 1 day Fri 6/2/00 Fri 6/2/00 34,40,52, 50,48,35 Insulation contractor Place wall insulation - 2nd floor 1 day Mon 6/5/00 Mon 6/5/00 55 Insulation contractor Place ceiling insulation - 2nd floor 1 day Thu 6/15/00 Thu 6/15/00 63,56 Insulation contractor Conduct insulation inspection 1 day Fri 6/16/00 Fri 6/16/00 57 Inspector Drywall 9 days Mon 6/5/00 Thu 6/15/00 Install drywall - 1st floor walls 2 days Mon 6/5/00 Tue 6/6/00 55 Drywall contractor Install drywall - 1st floor overhead 2 days Wed 6/7/00 Thu 6/8/00 60 Drywall contractor Install drywall 2nd floor walls 2 days Fri 6/9/00 Mon 6/12/00 61,56 Drywall contractor Install drywall 2nd floor 2 days Tue 6/13/00 Wed 6/14/00 62 Drywall contractor ~ 10 ~
overhead Tape and float 1st floor drywall 1 day Fri 6/9/00 Fri 6/9/00 61 Drywall contractor Tape and float 2nd floor drywall 1 day Thu 6/15/00 Thu 6/15/00 63,64 Drywall contractor Paint and Wallpaper 17 days Mon 6/12/00 Tue 7/4/00 Texture all except entry and kitchen - 1st floor 1 day Mon 6/12/00 Mon 6/12/00 64 Painting contractor Paint all except entry and kitchen - 1st floor 1 day Tue 6/13/00 Tue 6/13/00 67 Painting contractor Hang wallpaper entry and kitchen - 1st floor 1 day Wed 6/14/00 Wed 6/14/00 68 Painting contractor Texture all - 2nd floor 1 day Tue 6/13/00 Tue 6/13/00 67 Painting contractor Paint all - 2nd floor 1 day Wed 6/14/00 Wed 6/14/00 70 Painting contractor Paint exterior siding & trim work 4 days Thu 6/29/00 Tue 7/4/00 43 Painting contractor Cabinets 6 days Thu 6/15/00 Thu 6/22/00 Install 1st floor - kitchen cabinets 2 days Thu 6/15/00 Fri 6/16/00 69 Finish carpentry contractor Install 1st floor - bath 1 day Mon 6/19/00 Mon 6/19/00 74 Finish carpentry contractor Install 2nd floor - jacuzzi and private baths cabinets 1 day Tue 6/20/00 Tue 6/20/00 75 Finish carpentry contractor Install chair rails, crown moldings, trim 2 days Wed 6/21/00 Thu 6/22/00 76 Finish carpentry contractor Finish Plumbing 6 days Mon 6/19/00 Mon 6/26/00
Complete 1st floor circuits to service panel 1 day Mon 6/26/00 Mon 6/26/00 81,49 Electric contractor Complete 2nd floor circuits to service panel 1 day Tue 6/27/00 Tue 6/27/00 84 Electric contractor Conduct finish electrical inspection 1 day Wed 6/28/00 Wed 6/28/00 85 Inspector Complete communications wiring - phone, cable, computer, alarm 2 days Tue 6/27/00 Wed 6/28/00 82 Electric contractor Finish HVAC 3 days Thu 6/29/00 Mon 7/3/00 Complete 1st floor - zone 1 HVAC 1 day Thu 6/29/00 Thu 6/29/00 87,51 Heating and AC contractor Complete 2nd floor - zone 2 HVAC 1 day Fri 6/30/00 Fri 6/30/00 89 Heating and AC contractor Conduct HVAC inspection 1 day Mon 7/3/00 Mon 7/3/00 90 Inspector Carpet, Tile and Appliances 8 days Tue 7/4/00 Thu 7/13/00 ~ 11 ~
Tile entry, kitchen and baths 3 days Tue 7/4/00 Thu 7/6/00 86,91 Flooring contractor Carpet 1st floor 2 days Fri 7/7/00 Mon 7/10/00 93 Flooring contractor Carpet 2nd floor 2 days Tue 7/11/00 Wed 7/12/00 94 Flooring contractor Install appliances 1 day Thu 7/13/00 Thu 7/13/00 95 Appliance contractor Landscaping and Grounds Work 12 days Wed 7/5/00 Thu 7/20/00 Pour concrete driveway and sidewalks 2 days Wed 7/5/00 Thu 7/6/00 72 Concrete contractor Install backyard fence 2 days Fri 7/14/00 Mon 7/17/00 96,98 Fencing contractor Sod and complete plantings - front yard 2 days Tue 7/18/00 Wed 7/19/00 99 Landscape contractor Sod and complete plantings - backyard 1 day Thu 7/20/00 Thu 7/20/00 100 Landscape contractor Final Acceptance 8 days Fri 7/21/00 Tue 8/1/00 Complete final inspection for certificate of occupancy 1 day Fri 7/21/00 Fri 7/21/00 101,91,8 6,82,58,7 7,47 Inspector Cleanup for occupancy 1 day Mon 7/24/00 Mon 7/24/00 96,103 Maid service Perform final walk-through inspection 1 day Tue 7/25/00 Tue 7/25/00 104 Owner Complete punch list items 5 days Wed 7/26/00 Tue 8/1/00 105 General contractor
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5 COST ESTIMATION
Price of the site
According to the market site price per square meter in Galati is about 65euro. The construction has a surface of about 2500 square meters.
The price of the site will be C s =162 500 euro.
Price of the digging:
Volume of the dig: V d = 172.27*5*0.8=689.08 m 3
Price for one cubic meter of mechanical excavation: P d = 25 euro Price of the dig: V d * P d /m 3 =17.227 euro
Bill of quantities for the infrastructure and superstructure:
Concrete volume: Slab V conc slab = 112 m 3
Column V conc column = 91.8m 3
Beam V conc beam = 145.82 m 3
Structural walls V conc wall = 720 m 3
Foundation V conc f = 516 m 3
Total volume Vtotal= 1585.62 m3
Estimation per one m 2 of built: 1585 m 3 /(172.27*2*5) m 2 = 0.92 m 3 /m 2 built
Reinforcement:
Slab W slabreinf = 26.8 t Column W coulumnreinf =9.4 t Beam W beamreinf = 17 t Structural walls W wallreing = 18.1 t Foundation W foundation = 13.6 t Total weight W total = 84.9 t
Estimation per one m 2 of built: 84.9 t/(172.27*2*5) m 2 = 27 kg/m 2 built
Formwork: Slab A slab = 1725m 2
Column A column = 1225 m 2
Beam A beam = 1530 m 2
Structural walls A wall = 2555 m Total area A total = 6835m 2
Estimation per one m 2 of built: 1840 m 2 /(172.27*2*5) m 2 = 3.97 m 2 /m 2 built
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Costs:
Unit price of concrete: Upconc = 50 euro/m3 Unit price of reinforcement: Upreinf = 1.3 euro/kg Unit price of formwork: Upformwork = 15 euro/m2
Cost of the structure:C struct =V total * Up conc + W total * Up reinf +A total * Up formwork = 292176 euro Cost of finishes: C finishes =C struct * 0.5 = 146 088 euro Cost of MEA: C MEA = C struct * 0.3 = 87 652.8 euro
Total cost of the building: T c = C struct + C finishes + C MEA = 525 916.8euro
Total cost of the project: T p = T c +V d + Cs = 688 435 euro
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6 RISK MANAGEMENT
6.1 Technical risks Incomplete design Inadequate site investigation Uncertainty over the source and availability of materials. Appropriateness of specifications. 6.2 Logistical risks Availability of resources - particularly construction equipment, spare parts, fuel and labor. Availability of sufficient transportation facilities. 6.3 Construction risks Uncertain productivity of resources. Weather and seasonal implications. Industrial relations problems. 6.4 Financial risks Inflation. Availability and fluctuation in foreign exchange. Delay in Payment. Repatriation of funds. Local taxes. 6.5 Political risks Constraints on the availability and employment of expatriate staff. Customs and import restrictions and procedures. Difficulties in disposing of plant and equipment. Insistence on use of local firms and agents.