UNIT 3 FLOW OVER A FLAT PLATE AND FLOW THROUGH CIRCULAR

CONDUITS

1. An oil of 8 Poise and specific gravity 0.9 is flowing through a horizontal pipe of 50mm
diameter. If the pressure drop in 100m length of pipe is 2000kN/m
2
, find a) rate of oil
flow (b) center line velocity (c) total frictional drag over 100m length of pipe (d) power
required to maintain the flow (e) velocity gradient at pipe wall (f) velocity gradient and
shear stress at 10mm from the wall.
2. A 150mm diameter reduces in diameter abruptly to 100mm diameter. If the pipe carries
the water at 30 litres/sec, calculate the pressure loss across the contraction. Take the co-
efficient of contraction as 0.6 (Ans:0.909N/cm
2
)
3. A horizontal pipe line 40m long is connected to a water tank at one end and discharges
freely into the atmosphere at the other end. For the first 25m of its length from the tank,
the pipe is 150mm diameter and its suddenly enlarged to 300mm. the height of water
level in the tank is 8m above the centre of the pipe. Considering all losses of head which
occur, determine the rate of flow and also draw HGL and TEL. Take f = 0.01 for both
sections of the pipes. (Ans: 0.07867m
3
/s)
4. A main pipe divides into two parallel pipes, which again forms one pipe. The length and
diameter for the first parallel pipe are 2000m and 1m respectively, while the length and
diameter of second parallel pipe are 2000m and 0.8m respectively. Find the rate of flow
in each parallel pipe, if the total flow in the main is 3m
3
/s. The coefficient of friction for
each parallel pipe is same and equal to 0.005 (Ans: 1.906m
3
/s, 1.904 m
3
/s)
5. Three pipelines of diameters 400mm, 200mm and 300mm of lengths 400m, 200m and
300m respectively are connected in series. The difference in water surface levels in the
two tanks is 16m. Determine the rate of flow if friction factors for these pipes are same
and equal to 0.005 respectively, considering (a) minor losses (b) neglecting minor losses.
(Ans: 0.1085m
3
/s, 0.1108 m
3
/s)

6. An existing 300mm diameter pipeline of 3200m length connects two reservoirs having a
level difference of 13m between their water levels. Calculate the discharge through the
pipe. If a parallel pipe 300mm in diameter is attached to the last 1600m length of the
existing pipe, find the new discharge through the pipe. Take only wall friction into
account. The friction factor is 0.04.
7. The rate of flow of water through a horizontal pipe is 0.3m
3
/s. The diameter of the pipe is
suddenly enlarged from 250mm to 500mm. The pressure intensity in the smaller pipe is
13.734N/cm
2
. Determine a) loss of head due to sudden enlargement, b) pressure intensity
in the larger pipe and c) power lost due to enlargement.
8. Two tanks are connected with the help of two pipes in series. The length of the pipes is
1000m and 800m whereas the diameters are 400mm and 200mm respectively. The co-
efficient of friction of both pipes is 0.008. The difference of water level in the two tanks
is 15m. Find the rate of flow of water through the pipes, a) considering minor losses, and
b) neglecting the minor losses.
9. A pipe of diameter 25cm and length 2000m connects two reservoirs, having difference of
water level 25m. Determine the discharge through the pipe. If an additional pipe of
diameter 25cm and length 1000m is attached to the last 1000m length of the existing
pipe, find the increase in discharge. Take co-efficient of friction is 0.015. Neglect minor
losses.
10. For the velocity profile for laminar boundary layer

. Determine the
displacement thickness, momentum thickness energy thickness and shape factor.
11. A thin plate is moving in still atmospheric air at a velocity of 5 m/s. the length of the
plate is 0.6 m and width 0.5 m. Calculate (i) the thickness of the boundary layer at the
end of the plate, and (ii) drag force on one side of the plate. Take density of air as 1.24
kg/m
3
and kinematic viscosity 0.15 stokes.