AUS Triboard Manua

CONSTRUCTION
MANUAL FOR
AUSTRALIA

First published (NZ) 1989

Reprinted (NZ) with major revisions May 1994

Reprinted (NZ) with minor revisions August 1994 March 1995
July 1996 July 1997

Reprinted (NZ) with major revisions July 2000

Revised for Australia August 2002
Copyright Juken Nissho Ltd

P O Box 1450
Auckland
New Zealand
Ph: +64 9 3091 750 Fax: +64 9 3090 326
Website: www.triboard.com or www.jnl.co.nz
TRIBOARD MANUAL 2002 INTRODUCTION

Exclusion of Liability

The manufacturer accepts no responsibility for any
loss, damage or claims which may arise (including
without limitation, claims in negligence) through the
use or installation of the Triboard product in a man-
ner inconsistent with this design and construction
manual (the Manual).

The information contained in this Manual is pro-
vided as a guide only. The manufacturer of Triboard
provides this information in its capacity as manufac-
turer only. The responsibility of following and adher-
ing to the specifications in this Manual is that of the
user.

The specifications contained in this Manual relate to
normal site conditions and other conditions set out
in this Manual. Individual site characteristics, condi-
tions and circumstances may warrant changes to
the specifications in this Manual. The manufacturer
is not liable or responsible in variations in the speci-
fications made as a result of the circumstances of
each site.

CONTENTS

Related documents
Introduction
A brief history of Triboard development

1 SCOPE AND INTERPRETATION
2 GENERAL
3 SITE REQUIREMENTS
4 DURABILITY
5 BRACING DESIGN
6 FOUNDATION AND SUBFLOOR
FRAMING
7 FLOORS
8 WALLS
9 ROOFS
10 BUILDING ENVELOPE - WALLS AND
ROOF
11 INTERIOR LININGS
12 CEILINGS
13 INDUSTRY INFORMATION
INDEX

PAGE

3
4
5

1-1
2-1
3-1
4-1
5-1
6-1

7-1
8-1
9-1
10-1

11-1
12-1
13-1
14-1

RELATED DOCUMENTS

Structure
* AS1684.1-1999 Residential timber-framed construction

* AS1684.2-1999 Residential timber framing construction

* AS4055-1992 Wind loads for houses

* AS3700-1998 Masonry Structures

* AS1720.1-1997 Timber Structures

* AS1170-1989 SAA Loading Code Part 1: Dead and live
loads and Load Combinations. Part 2: Wind Load. Part 4:
Earthquake Load

* AS1649-1998 Timber-method of test for mechanical fas-
teners and connectors - Basic working loads and charac-
teristic strengths.

* AS2870-1996 Residential Slabs and Footings

* AS3566-1988 ScrewsSelf DrillingFor the building and
construction industry

* AS3700-1998 Masonry Structures

Materials
* AS/NZS 4063: 1992 TimberStress GradedIn-grade
strength and stiffness evaluation

Termite resistance
* Queensland Forestry Research Institute testing.
Termiticidal efficacy of Triboard treated with Permethrin.
3

INTRODUCTION

Triboard was specifically designed with the panel construction
market in mind.
Triboard is produced in various thicknesses and is used for
walls, doors, floors and ceilings. When used as walls it
replaces studs, nogs (dwangs) and plasterboard.

The MDF surface of Triboard provides a smooth surface finish
complemented by the strand core which delivers good
dimensional stability, excellent screwholding and provides a
distinct robustness to the product. Structures built with
Triboard are essentially a combination of precision cut
shearwalls which facilitate rapid construction methods and
achieve high quality standards. The use of the Triboard
construction system has developed since 1988 to encompass
not only affordable single storey dwellings but also up-market
two storey structures.

The first version of this manual was written in 1988 and
published by Northern Pulp Limited. It was appraised by
BRANZ in 1989, Appraisal No. 170. By the time the Appraisal
expired in 1991 the system was well established and it has
grown steadily ever since.

The New Zealand manual was considerably revised in 1994
by R F Gale & Associates Ltd (Consulting Engineers) for
ACTRANZ (Association of Triboard Remanufacturers of New
Zealand) to bring it into line with the then current practice.
Revisions included developments in fixings, bracing values
for wider panels, and information on two storey construction.

A further revision in 2000 changed the format and the
numbering system to that used in NZS 3604 Timber Framed
Buildings as it was designed to be read in conjunction with it.
The relevant sections may be read as an alternative when
using Triboard components.

This Australian version of the Triboard manual was based on
the 2000 revision but has been modified to meet the Austra-
lian Codes, Standards and building practices.

The Triboard manual has been examined by BRANZ and
was used as the basis for the BRANZ Appraisal No 438 of the
Triboard Construction System, dated 28th February 2003.

This manual is protected by copyright. Details may be
reproduced provided they are reproduced in full and used in
context. Variations of the details and/or use in other contexts
are the responsibility of the designer. Design data for the use
of Triboard in engineered situations is available separately on
request.
4

A BRI EF HI STORY OF TRI BOARD
DEVELOPMENT

Before Triboard was developed in the mid 1980s there were
three types of panel product available, particleboard, MDF
(medium density fibre board) and OSB (orientated
strandboard).

Particleboard was developed in post-war Europe and was
used for furniture, benchtops and other similar uses. MDF
was first produced in the United States in the mid 1960s and
became the material of choice where fine finish was
important.

OSB was developed in North America as a structural panel to
offer an alternative to plywood and by the 1980s was well
established in wall sheathing and roof sarking applications.

The innovation which became Triboard, was to use fibre on
the face of a strand board to give a fine finish. German
manufacturer G Siempelkamp & Co manufactured presses for
the panel industry and were very familiar with panel products.
They recommended OSB to provide the structural properties
and fibre for the finish.

The Triboard mill at Kaitaia which integrates OSB and MDF
started production in 1987.

The mill manufactures a number of boards, low, medium and
high density, with fibre and strand only, for many different
uses. The range of uses is continually being expanded.

For further information refer www.triboard.com.
The Juken Nissho Triboard Mill has a quality system which
conforms with ISO9001 and ISO14001

5
1-1
1
SECTION 1
SCOPE AND
INTERPRETATION
1.1 Scope .................................................... 1-2

1.2 Exclusion of Liability .......................... 1-3

1.3 Short specification .............................. 1-3

1.4 Recommended design procedure ...... 1-3

1.5 Definitions ............................................ 1-4

Figures
1.1 Recommended Design Procedure ...... 1-6

1.2 Buildings covered by this manual ...... 1-7

1.3 Typical construction ............................ 1-8

1.4 Key to tables and charts ..................... 1-8

1.5 Key to details ....................................... 1-9
1
1-2
1.1 Scope

The TRIBOARD Panel Construction System presented in this
manual has been specifically designed in accordance with
AS1170.11989, AS1170.41993, AS40551992 and AS1684.1
for Wind Classifications N1, N2 and N3 as defined in Table 1 of
AS40551992 using design loadings for domestic buildings and
well established engineering methods. AS1684.21999 and
BCA96 deemed to satisfy construction can be used to specify the
foundations, building platform and to determine the design loads for
a trussed roof structure. Roof trusses must be separately designed
by the manufacturer and fixed to the walls in accordance with the
requirements set out in Section 9 of this manual. The sub-structure
(below ground floor level) must be separately designed such as to
AS 1684.2-1999.

The system as detailed in this manual is suitable for domestic and
light commercial buildings and similar buildings within the scope
outlined in clause 1.6.1 of AS1684.21999 with the following
additional limitations:

1. Single storey or two storey construction.
2. Maximum roof pitch - 35 degrees.
3. Maximum eaves overhang - 600mm.
4. Building height. Where the wind classification is determined
from AS4055, the maximum building height is 8.5 m and the
maximum wall height is 2.7 m. Where AS 1170.2 is used to
determine the maximum design gust speed, the wind classifica-
tion shall be determined from Table 1.1 of AS 1684.2, the maxi-
mum building height is 10.0 m and the maximum wall height is
3.0 m.
5. Maximum lintel span is determined from tables in Section 8 of
this manual.
6. A rafter or truss roof may be used. The maximum truss span is
12m .
7. The maximum spacing of bracing walls is 8 m where the ceiling
diaphragm is of 18 mm Triboard as per Section 12. The maxi-
mum spacing of bracing walls is 5m where a conventional plas-
terboard ceiling is used.
8. Snow loads shall not exceed 0.5 kPa on sheet roofs. Snow
loads not allowed on tile roofs (weight greater than 0.4 kPa)
without specific design.
9. Live load on upper floor shall not exceed 1.5 kPa. Live load on
balconies shall not exceed 2 kPa. Consequently this manual
may be used for houses but not Apartment buildings.
10. The Wind Classification for the building site must be N1, N2 or
N3
11. Decks cantilevered off first floor levels are not permissible.

Buildings outside these limits must be specifically designed.

Semi-detached and apartment buildings based on the Triboard
system are not covered by this manual and must be subject to a
specific design.

TRIBOARD wall panels are intended to be used for internal walls,
and perimeter walls which are adequately protected against the
weather by a properly detailed conventional cladding system.

TRIBOARD MANUAL 2002 SECTION 1 - SCOPE AND INTERPRETA-
1-3
TRIBOARD Wall Panels must be protected from the weather during
construction with a sealer applied by the re-manufacturer.

TRIBOARD panels must be kept dry. In bathrooms, laundries or
kitchens, panels must be protected by water resistant linings or
otherwise adequately sealed.

Detailing must be such that no moisture can be trapped between
the lining and TRIBOARD panels.

Adequately detailed flashings are required at window and door
openings in perimeter walls to protect the panel from exposure to
moisture.

For the purposes of this Manual the word shall or must refers to
practices which are mandatory for compliance with BCA96. The
word should refers to practices which are advised or recom-
mended.

1.2 Exclusion of Liability

The manufacturer accepts no responsibility for any loss, damage or
claims which may arise (including without limitation, claims in
negligence) through the use of installation of the Triboard product in
a manner inconsistent with this design and the Manual.

The information contained in this Manual is provided as a guide
only. The manufacturer of Triboard provides this information in its
capacity as manufacturer only. The responsibility of following and
adhering to the specifications in this Manual is that of the user.

The specifications contained in this manual relate to normal site
conditions and other conditions set out in this Manual. Individual site
characteristics, conditions and circumstances may warrant changes
to the specifications in this Manual. The manufacturer is not liable or
responsible for variations in the specifications made as a result of
the circumstances of each site.

1.3 Short Specification

For use by Architects and others who are using the "TRIBOARD
Panel Construction System" in their structures.

The "TRIBOARD panels and site fixings shall be installed in accor-
dance with the current "Triboard ManualAustraliaAugust 2002.

1.4 Recommended Design Procedure

When designing a TRIBOARD panel house, it is recommended that
the following general design approach is followed:

1. Draw the desired floor layout plan within the limitations of the
relevant bylaw requirements.

2. Select the roof and wall cladding systems and choose the level of
insulation required from Section 10.
If a wall separating tenancies is required contact your
TRIBOARD MANUAL 2002 SECTION 1 - SCOPE AND INTERPRETATION
1-4
remanufacturer. The wall must be specifically designed.

3. Design the foundations and the building platform in accordance
with Section 3 of AS1684.21999, or AS2870-1996 taking into
account the specific site requirements.

4. Use Tables 8.2 to choose the batten size and spacing.

5. Determine the total bracing demand required in accordance with
Section 8.3.6 of AS1684.21999 Section 8 and Table 8.2. Note
that this Triboard construction method is only applicable to
AS 4055 Wind Classifications N1, N2 or N3.

Calculate the bracing available using the bracing values given
for various panel widths and fixings in Section 5 of this Manual.
Use all the panels in the building rather than special "bracing
panels" to try to avoid the need for special fixings. Note, do not
include the nominal wall bracing strengths outlined in Paragraph
8.3.6.2 of AS 1684.2-1999.

A bracing calculation service is available through panel
remanufacturers.

6. Select a truss roof to span between the supporting walls and
design the roof construction to comply with the truss
manufacturers requirements and AS1684.21999, Paragraph
7.1.2.4.

7. Check the lintels and their supports from the Tables in Section 8
of this Manual.

8. Provide truss connections as per Section 9 of this manual.

9. Select the appropriate wall connections from the standard details
in Section 8 of this Manual.

1.5 Definitions
For the purposes of this Manual, the following definitions apply:

1.5.1 INTEGRAL LINTEL. An integral Triboard lintel is the lintel left
above an opening when an opening is cut from a single sheet of
board
1-5
DOUBLER. A lintel can be one thickness of board, 36 mm thick. If
a second layer of board or timber of at least 36 mm thickness is
fixed on the outside in the batten space, the lintel is doubled.
SEPARATE LINTEL. A separate Triboard lintel is a lintel fixed be-
tween two separate Triboard wall panels. It is usually over a ranch
slider or similar wide door opening
1.5.2 PLATFORM FLOOR. A floor laid over the floor joists before
the wall frames or panels are in place. Normally board covering the
full footprint of the house

1.5.3 LIGHT WALL CLADDING. A wall cladding having a mass not
exceeding 30 kg/m
2
. Typical examples are weatherboards.

1.5.4 HEAVY WALL CLADDING. A wall cladding having a mass
exceeding 30 kg/m
2
, but not exceeding 220 kg/m
2
of wall area. Typi-
cal examples are clay and concrete masonry veneers.

1.5.5 WALL BATTEN. Vertical timber, (See Section 2.1.4), fixed to
the outside of the external wall panels. It serves to:
1. Stiffen the wall, especially adjacent to openings
2. Provide space for services and for insulation
3. Keep water which may leak through the cladding from
wetting the board.

1.5.6 SHEET ROOF. Means a roof with roofing material (cladding
and any sarking) having a mass (including the ceiling) not exceed-
ing 40 kg per square metre of roof area (typical examples are steel,
copper, and aluminium roof claddings of normal thickness, 6 mm
thick corrugated cellulose cement, and the like, without sarking).

1.5.7 TILE ROOF. Means a roof with roofing material (cladding and
any sarking) having a mass (including the ceiling) exceeding 40 kg
but not exceeding 90 kg per square metre of roof area (typical ex-
amples are concrete tiles, slates and the like).

1.5.8 SARKING MEMBRANE
Means a pliable building membrane (building paper) which meets
the provisions of AS4200. A sarking membrane is required between
the battens and all cladding systems.
1-6
Figure 1.1 Recommended Design Procedure
START
Draw the plan
Does it comply with Scope Section 1.1
Select the wall cladding

Choose the insulation from
Section 10
Is wall separating tenancies
No
Yes
Fire and
STC rated -
arrange
specific
design
Foundation design in accordance
with AS1684.21999 Section 3
From Tables 8.2 find
batten size and spacing
Wall bracing design
Table 5.1
Draw truss layout
Select Truss connections
to walls as per Section 9.
Lintels check Section 8
Two storey building
No
Yes
Check walls and
lintels for vertical
loads
Section 8
End
End
No
Yes
Select Wall connections
as per Section 8
Select the Roof sys-
tem including cladding
1-7
Figure 1.2 - Buildings covered by this Manual
1-8
Figure 1.4 Key to Tables and Charts
Figure 1.3 - Typical construction
1-9
Figure 1.5 - Key to details
2-1
1

SECTION 2
GENERAL

2.1 Safe Work Practices... 2.2

2.2 Materials............................................... 2.3

2.3 Panel tolerances.................................. 2.5

2.4 Panel painting...................................... 2.5

2.5 Marking................................................. 2.5

2.6 Remanufacturer identification............ 2.5

Tables
2.1 Panel quality table............................... 2.6

Figures
2.1 Straight cut........................................... 2.6
2
2-2
2.1 Safe work Practices

Health and Safety precautions must be taken when working with
heavy and large products such as Triboard sheets.

Triboard masterboards are large and very heavy weighing up
to approx 200 kg each. Cut sheets and pieces can also be
heavy and awkward. Appropriate manual lifting and handling
techniques must be developed in accordance with guidelines
from the NOHSC (National Occupational Health and Safety
CommissionCommonwealth of Australia) and Workplace
Australia.
If lifting machinery such as fork-lifts are used appropriate train-
ing and safety standards must be developed in accordance
with guidelines from the NOHSC (National Occupational
Health and Safety CommissionCommonwealth of Australia)
and Workplace Australia.

Health and safety precautions must be taken when working with all
wood products.

Exposure to wood dust and/or fomaldehyde may cause irrita-
tion to the eyes, respiratory system and skin. Wood dust may
cause sensitisation resulting in asthma, and result in dermati-
tis by skin contact.
Wood dust is classified as a known carcinogen. Repeated in-
halation of wood dust over many years may cause nasal can-
cer.
Triboard Formaldehyde emissions meet the E1 class when
tested in accordance with AS/NZS 4266.15:1995 Formalde-
hyde is classified as a probable carcinogen.
Storage areas containing large quantities of Triboard must
be adequately ventilated.
Work areas must be well ventilated and kept clean. Sawing,
sanding and machining equipment must be fitted with dust ex-
tractors to ensure that dust levels are kept within standards
laid down by Worksafe Australia. If not, a dust mask conform-
ing to AS/NZS 1715 and AS/NZS 1716 and eye protection
conforming to AS/NZS 1337 must be worn.
Offcuts, shavings and dust must be disposed of in a manner
that avoids the generation of dust and in accordance with the
requirements of local waste authorities.
In end use applications all product surfaces exposed to occu-
pied space must be sealed.

Refer to the Material Safety Data Sheet available from either JNL or
our website www.jnl.co.nz and www.triboard.com. Reference can
also be made to Working Safely with Wood Panel Products pub-
lished by the Department of Labour, Occupational Safety and Health,
or Home Health Facts About Formaldehyde in Wood Composite
Products published by the New Zealand Ministry of Health and
BRANZ, available from Juken Nissho Ltd.

TRIBOARD MANUAL 2002 SECTION 2 - GENERAL
2-3
2.2 Materials

2.2.1 Triboard Handling and Storage

Prior to cutting, the Triboard sheets must be conditioned to
ensure that the sheets reach their moisture equilibrium before
fixing to the ceilings or walls. This can be done by putting the
sheets into fillet to allow air circulation around both sides of
the sheets for a minimum of 24 hours.
Avoid damage to Triboard face and edges, keep the panels
clean to avoid stains.
Always stack Triboard horizontally, supported by gluts at 1200
mm maximum centers, laid on a flat, level and dry surface.
Triboard must be protected from direct sunlight whilst in stor-
age or during the re-manufacturing process.
For short-term storage on site, protect Triboard from direct
weather exposure with tarpaulins or similar.
To prevent moisture build up under covers ensure there is a
proper air circulation around the pack.
Prior to painting or priming Triboard panels all dust should be
removed from the surface of the board.
Surface sanding is recommended if a fine surface finish is re-
quired.

2.2.2 Grade and thickness of Triboard

Wall panels shall be manufactured from strength grade A product
code (033 TTT) Triboard 36mm thick. The surface finish shall be F
(first grade for top quality paint) or L (for paint or laminating and
veneer) as appropriate for the panel finishing.
Grade F is recommended and will be supplied unless L is specially
ordered and available.
The standard density for TRIBOARD used for wall and ceiling
panels shall be 560 kg/m
3
or greater.

2.2.3 Ceiling board

Board used for ceilings shall be 18 mm thick Triboard product code
(040 TTT)

2.2.4 Paint

The paint used on the panel faces and edges shall prevent water
entering the board during construction. A suitable surface test is
that when a wet sponge is placed on the painted surface and kept
wet in the same place for 3 days, there is no raising of the surface.
For edges, sitting a painted edge on a wet sponge for three days
does not cause swelling of more than 1 mm.

The paint shall also be suitable as an undercoat for any of the
normal finishing coats or for wallpapering.

Comment:
2-4
Paints which have been found satisfactory in practice are :

- Fountex Alkyd Board Sealer
- Mirotone 809 Isolating coat (white)
- 2 Pot Epoxy, eg Everdure
- Benjamin Moore 2030
- Levenes Architectural Series
- Santana Triboard Sealer
- Resene Acrylic

The paint used must be mixed and applied in accordance with the
manufacturers instructions.

2.2.5 Batten Timber

F7 or MGP10, H3 treated, kiln dried ex 50x50 or 75x50 Radiata
Pine (dry dressed 45x45 and 70x45). Moisture content 10% or
less.

2.2.6 Nails

Nails are to be plain shank low carbon steel as specified in AS 2334
and hot dip galvanised. Nails used are:
:
30mm x 3.15 or 3.55 diameter, gutter bracket or Lumberlok
nails
60mm x 2.8 diameter particle board flooring nails
75mm x 3.15 diameter flat head nails
100mm x 4mm flat head nails

2.2.7 Screws

Screws shall be manufactured and used in accordance with
AS 3566.

2.2.8 Timber Connectors

All timber connectors shall be from galvanized or stainless steel
plate. The exception to this is that ceiling brackets are to be alumin-
ium.

Bottom plate anchors cast in pressed steel anchors:
Pryda BPA or BPAV,

Cyclone Straps Pryda Cyclone Strap, QHS4, QHS6

Gang Nail Cyclone Tie 600

Ceiling bracket Pryda Pergola Angle

Lumberlok Multigrip or triple grip
25mm x 1mm, G250, Z275 steel strap

Steel angle 40 x 30 mm folded from 1.2 mm galvanized steel strip,
holes punched to suit fasteners.

Cast in tie down 80 x 6 flat bar, 450 long, one end ragged, with
20 - 6 mm diameter holes at the other end in a 4 at 20 mm x 5 at 20
mm grid. Hot dip galvanized after manufacture. Refer figure 8.6 (B).
2-5
2.2 Panel tolerances
Grouted in tie down D10 bar x 200 long welded to 110x200x2 mm
plate drilled as for cast in tie down with 18 mm holes on a 20 x 20
mm gird Hot dip galvanised after manufacture. See Figure 8.6(C).

Anchors, fixings and fasteners on external walls must be minimum
grade 304 stainless steel in the Sea Spray Zone which is defined
as within 500 m of the coast or 100 m from a tidal estuary or har-
bour.

2.3 Panel Tolerances

Panels manufactured for use in the Triboard Panel Construction
System shall be accepted provided they comply with the criteria in
this manual. The quality table gives three options. Panel grade B
will be supplied unless another grade is specified

2.3.1 Edge Profiling

Grooves for tongues - the tongue shall be a firm fit in the groove
and must not wobble. The step between the faces of adjacent
panels when fitted together shall be less than 0.5mm.

2.4 Panel Painting

2.4.1 Painted faces

The paint coating must be over the entire face of the panel without
skips or holidays.

2.4.2 Painted Edges

Panel edges must be painted primarily to provide protection from
water during erection. The paint shall be liberally applied to seal
the edge. Bottom edges must be given two coats to provide
additional protection.

2.5 Marking

All panels shall be clearly marked on an edge with an identification
number to assist with erection.

2.6 Remanufacturer Identification

Many panel remanufacturers provide a label to fix inside the hot
water cupboard for easy future identification
2-6
Figure 2.1 - Straight cut
PANEL QUALITY TABLE
For economy the grade appropriate to the end use should be specified
Panel grade A B
Recommended use Architectural purposes Normal residential
Identification on A Grade None
Board grade T T T T T T
Surface coating Faces painted sanded
with 180 grit edges
painted
Faces painted evenly
Cutting tolerances Edges, rebates within
0.5mm
Edges, grooves etc
within 1mm
Maximum difference 0.5 mm 1.0 mm
Butt jointed panels 0.5 mm 0.5mm
Straight cuts -Deviation 0.1 mm 0.5mm
Table 2.1 Panel quality table
3-1
1
SECTION 3
SITE REQUIREMENTS
3.1 Site preparation prior to erection ....... 3-2

3.2 Weather exposure ................................ 3-2

3.3 Assembly of components ................... 3-2

3.4 Maintenance period ............................. 3-4

3
3-2

3.1 Site Preparation
Prior to erection check that:

- The floor plan dimensions are correct and that the panel locating
hardware has been fixed to the floor in the correct positions.

- The floor is level.

- The truck can park in a position that allows convenient lifting of
panels off the truck and onto the floor. It is well worthwhile
marking the panel number on the floor in the correct position prior
to commencing erection.

3.1.1 Site Storage

Panels must not be stored on site.

3.2 Weather Exposure

As prolonged exposure to water causes the panels to swell and this
will delay internal finishing, panels must be kept dry. The trusses
and roof should be fitted as soon as practicable and if delay is
expected, the panels covered with tarpaulins or similar to keep them
dry. Sweep the floor to remove ponded water.
Panels must not be exposed to the weather for more than four
weeks.

3.3 Assembly of Components

3.3.1 General

The assembly of panels on site is a simple process but care must
be exercised to put the right panels in the right place and the right
way round.

"If it doesn't fit, check the plan; if it doesn't figure, pick up the
phone NOT the saw!"
Panels must not be cut on site without the permission of the
remanufacturer.

It is strongly recommended that erectors visit the site of a house
under construction and discuss their proposed method with people
who have already erected panels.

TRIBOARD Marketing staff will be pleased to assist and to provide
suitable contacts.
TRIBOARD MANUAL 2002 SECTION 3 - SITE REQUIREMENTS
3-3

3.3.2 Identification of Components

All panels are individually marked on an edge with an identifying
number.

3.3.3 Panel Erection Sequence

It is recommended that erection start from the "far" side of the
building and that panels are assembled so that each is fixed to one
already in place. Check that the panel remanufacturer knows the
proposed sequence so that the panels are stacked in the order they
are required.

3.3.4 Temporary Bracing of Panels

Provided panels are fixed to each other little or no temporary
bracing is required.

3.3.5 Alignment

Before the panels are fixed together, care should be taken to
ensure that they are plumb and that their top edges are level. Minor
adjustments to panel locations may be made prior to fixing them to
the floor. Gaps 3 mm or wider at joints are not acceptable and must
be closed.

3.3.6 Joinery

Joinery may be fitted directly into the openings, the 10 mm
clearance associated with timber framing is not required.

3.3.7 Ceiling Panels

Ceiling panels may be erected similarly to wall panels. Erect
temporary supports in rooms where the panels are required to span
more than 2.4m.

3.3.8 Panel handling

Some panel remanufacturers offer an erection service. Alternatively
panels may be erected using a crane or by hand. Note that a 4.0m x
2.45m x 36mm panel weighs just under 200 kg. Care must be
taken to prevent damage to the panels during erection and to keep
the panels correctly aligned and tightly butted.

Personnel working on the panels during erection should ensure that
they avoid marking or dirtying the finished surfaces.

3.3.9 Joints

Joints must be made with care to prevent cracking. Ceiling
insulation must be installed prior to stopping. The moisture content
of the board at time of stopping must be 10% or less. Movement
control joints are recommended for large ceilings.

3-4

3.3.10 Trussed Roofs - Camber

Roof trusses are supplied with a built-in camber to allow for
deflection under load. About half of this deflection occurs
immediately the truss is loaded and the other half occurs slowly
over the next year. When concrete tiles are used the camber can
be up to15-20mm for large spans and the resulting deflections say
10mm when the tiles are laid and 10mm subsequently. In the
majority of cases with a truss span of say 8m and a camber of
10mm the deflection on loading will be of the order of 5mm with a
creep deflection to follow of a further 5mm.
As the ceiling panels are fixed to the tops of the wall panels during
erection and propped level from the floor over the larger spans the
ceiling will be level when installed. The trusses when erected with
full camber will span clear above the ceiling panels. It is
recommended that the ceiling cleats be fixed to the ceiling in their
correct position but not fixed to the trusses until the roofing has
been laid and the trusses have settled. The cleats near the truss
supports, where movement is small, may be fixed before the roof is
laid, but where movement is significant, i.e. near the centre of the
span, leave the temporary props in place and do not fix the cleats
until the roof has been in place for a few days.

With sheet metal roofs the deflection is much less, the camber is
small, and in most cases the cleats may be fixed immediately.

3.4 Maintenance Period

As the board used is dry and the panels stiff, maintenance is not
normally required.

4-1
1
SECTION 4
DURABILITY
4.1 General.......................................................... 4-2

4.2 Temperature and Humidity..4-2

4.3 Sauna Rooms and Skillion Roofs..4-2
4
4-2

4.1 General

Triboard has been tested by BRANZ and in their opinion it will be
durable for 50 years in a dry environment. This manual covers build-
ing in coastal regions south of the Tropic of Capricorn.

4.2 Temperature and Humidity

The long term durability is mainly dependant on the Triboard wall
and ceiling panels and the connections remaining dry in service. Tri-
board wall and ceiling panels must not be exposed to sustained high
humidity (greater than 95% RH), liquid water, or temperatures in ex-
cess of 40C over large areas for prolonged periods (e.g. by climate
conditions or by ceiling heating installations) or 50C in localised ar-
eas (e.g. the area surrounding a heating flue penetration).

4.3 Sauna Rooms and Skillion Rooms

The use of Triboard wall and ceiling panels in Sauna rooms and the
like, and the use of Triboard panels in skillion roofs or flat roofs (less
than 10 pitch) is not covered by this manual.

TRIBOARD MANUAL 2002 SECTION 4-DURABILITY
5-1
1
SECTION 5
BRACING DESIGN
5.1 Bracing ............................................... 5-2

5.2 Ceiling bracing .................................. 5-2

5.3 Panel bracing values ......................... 5-2

5.4 Panel width ....................................... 5-2

Figures
5.1 Small openings ................................. 5-3

5.2 Separate bracing walls ..................... 5-3

Table
5.1 Panel bracing values ........................ 5-4
5
5-2

5.1 Bracing Criteria

Bracing demand shall be calculated according to AS1684.21999.
Bracing resistance shall be calculated by summing the contributions
from all bracing walls using Table 5.1. Bracing resistance shall not
be less than bracing demand.

All full height panels, without window or door openings with dimen-
sions exceeding that stipulated in Section 5.2, having a minimum
length of 600mm and fixed in the building in accordance with the
appropriate details may be used as bracing elements.

Bracing elements must be evenly distributed throughout the
building to meet Section 8.3.6.5 of AS16841999. The nominal
bracing values given in Table 8.17 of AS1684.21999 are not ap-
plicable.

Each perimeter bracing line shall have a bracing rating of at least
the greater of 3.5 kN or 0.4 x L kN where L is the wall length.

5.2 Spacing of Bracing Lines

The maximum distance between parallel bracing lines shall be no
more than 8m centre to centre for Triboard ceilings, and 5 m for
plasterboard ceilings.

5.3 Panel Bracing Values

As the panel will not deform significantly i.e. it remains square and
as it is fixed to the floor so that it will not slide, the brace value for a
panel is largely dependent on preventing it overturning. Wide
panels have significantly more bracing value than narrow panels.

Including more of the fixings in the bracing calculation adds to the
resistance to overturning. The brace values in the table for several
types of fixing preventing overturning may be added.

Two limits of maximum total bracing rating for a particular wall are
stipulated at the bottom of Table 5.1. The first is to prevent sliding
at the base of the wall and the second is to prevent failure of the
wall T joint. Both these limits must be complied with.

The bracing values in Table 5.1 were determined for a 2.45 m high
wall. The bracing values for higher walls of height, H, are obtained
by factoring values in these tables by 2.45/H. Many of the bracing
values given in Table 5.1 apply for one direction of loading only,
and not for the opposite direction. (e.g. Type 1.2). Hence, the
bracing resistance must be shown to exceed bracing demand for all
four directions of loading.

5.4 Panel width

Wall panels joined together using either the exterior or interior
joining details shown may be considered as one panel.

Small openings have little effect and windows up to 2000 mm wide
x 1200 mm high may be ignored. Internal door openings up to
850mm wide (900mm trim size) may also be ignored provided the
lintel is continuous on one or both sides of the opening and at least
400 mm deep.
TRIBOARD MANUAL 2002 SECTION 5 - BRACING DESIGN
5-3
Fig 5.2 Separate bracing walls
Fig 5.1 Small openings
Walls interrupted by large openings and connected by separate
lintels are taken as separate walls.
5-4
Table 5.1 Panel Bracing Values (kN) for a 2.45 m high wall
Note: Values must be reduced for walls higher than 2.45 msee Paragraph 5.2
Fixing Type Panel width m
0.6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Lifting end of panel held
down by 0.8m length of
external wall

1.2 1.3 2.2 4.5 6.7 8.9 11.1 13.4 15.6 17.8

down by grouted in 6kN
connection

2 1.1 2.2 4.9 7.6 10.3 13.0 15.7 18.4 21.1

down by grouted in
12kN connection

2.1 2.0 4.1 9.2 14.3 19.4 24.6 29.7 34.8 39.9

External wall fixed to
timber boundary joist
with nailed battens at
600mm crs
4.2 0.4 0.7 1.4 3.4 4.9 8.2 10.5 12.7 18.1

External wall fixed to
concrete floor with one
fully nailed framing
anchor near end
4.5 1.1 2.1 4.8 7.5 10.1 12.8 15.5 18.2 20.8

down by weight of 2m
length of internal wall

5 0.3 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.9 3.4 3.9

down by weight of
t r us s es par al l el ,
bearing on a wall fixed
to the end (see roof
type)
7.S
Sheet

7.T
Tile
0.1

0.1
0.2

0.3
0.6

1.2
1.4

2.7
2.6

4.8
4.0

7.5
5.7

10.8
7.8

14.8
10.2

19.3

Wall panel resisting
overturning by its own
weight
8 - 0.1 0.4 0.8 1.4 2.2 3.2 4.3 5.7

long wall crossing it in
the level above
205 0.1 0.2 0.6 1.2 2.0 3.0 4.2 5.6 7.3

of floor bearing on it
206 - 0.1 0.5 1.1 2.0 3.1 4.5 6.1 7.9

of floor above bearing
on wall fixed to the end
207 0.1 0.2 0.7 1.7 3.0 4.6 6.7 9.1 11.9

Limit 1
Total bracing limited by
shearsliding along
floor

2.2 3.6 7.2 10.8 14.5 18.1 21.7 25.3 28.9

Limit 2
Total bracing limit for
the sum of Types
1.2+5+7+205+207
1.6 2.7 5.4 8.2 10.9 13.6 16.3 19.0 21.8
Picture

down by weight of
trusses crossing
6 - 0.1 0.5 1.1 2.0 3.2 4.6 6.2 8.1
6-1
SECTION 6
FOUNDATION AND
SUBFLOOR FRAMING
6.1 General ....6-2

Figures
6.1 Fixing of wall plates
to foundation walls...................... 6-3

6.2 Fixing of wall plates to
foundation walls (brick veneer) ...... 6-4
6
6-2
TRIBOARD MANUAL 2002 SECTION 6- FOUNDATION AND SUBFLOORS FRAMING

6.1 General

Refer to AS1684.21999 Section 3 for typical foundation details
and subfloor framing.

Figure 6.1 shows details that must be used for fixing walls to con-
crete or block work foundation walls.

Figure 6.2 shows details that must be used for fixing walls to con-
crete or block work foundation walls for brick veneer construction.

Refer to Section 7 for timber floor construction and Figure 8.4 for
connection of walls to floors.

6-3
Figure 6.1 Fixing of wall plates to foundation walls.
6-4
Figure 6.2 Fixing of wall plates to foundation walls (brick veneer)
7-1
1
SECTION 7
FLOORS
7.1 Timber Floors .......................................... 7-2

7.2 Concrete Floors . 7-2

Figures

7.1 Cantilevered joists
boundary joist fixings ........................... 7-2

7.2 Supported boundary joist fixing .......... 7-3

7
7-2
TRIBOARD MANUAL 2002 SECTION 7 - FLOORS
7.1 TIMBER FLOORS
REFER TO SECTION 4 AS 1684.2-1999
Note that double joists are not required under continuous Triboard
walls on platform floors.

Floor framing and flooring shall comply with Section 4 and 5 of
AS1684.2-1999. The required connections between boundary joists
and cantilevered joists are shown in Figure 7.1. Where the bound-
ary joists are supported over bearers, the required connections are
shown in Figure 7.2. The figures also show the required batten to
boundary joist connections.

7.2 CONCRETE FLOORS
Concrete floors shall be constructed in accordance with AS2870-
1996.

Figure 7.1 - Cantilevered joists boundary joist fixings
7-3
Figure 7.2Supported boundary joist fixing (sheet and tile roof)
TRIBOARD MANUAL 2002 SECTION 7 - FLOORS
8-1
1
SECTION 8
WALLS
8.1 General................................................... 8-3
8.2 Systems to resist vertical loads............... 8-3
8.3 Systems to resist horizontal loads ......... 8-3
8.4 Interior Wall panels ..................................... 8-3
8.5 Exterior wall panels .................................... 8-4
8.6 Lintels ....................................................... 8-10
8.7 Floor joist moisture content .................... 8-10

Tables
8.1 Fasteners to fix battens .............................. 8-5
8.2(A) Panels as load bearing walls -
Light roof ................................................... 8-7
8.2(B) Panels as load bearing walls-
Heavy roof ................................................. 8-8
8.2(C) Panels as load bearing walls-
Lower storey ............................................... 8-9
8.3 Lintels supporting roof only .................. 8-11
8.4 Lintels supporting roof, wall & floor ..... 8-12
8.5 Lintels supporting floor only.................. 8-13
8.6 Lintels over garage opening-Steel flitch. 8-14

8
8-2

Figures
8.1 Batten fixings........................................... 8-6
8.2 Fixings for separate lintel....................... 8-15
8.3 Corner lintels........................................ 8-16
8.4 Wall to timber floor fixings...................... 8-17
8.5 Wall to concrete floor fixings.... 8-18
8.6 Exterior wall to concrete floor anchor/tie
down details... 8-19
8.7 External wall set outbrick cladding.. 8-20
8.8 Special fixings (Interior wall and exterior
wall to concrete floor)............................ 8-21
8.9 Floor finishing............... 8-22
8.10 Corner wall fixings.................................... 8-23
8.11 Wall tee intersection fixings..................... 8-24
8.12 Exterior wall butt joint............................... 8-24
8.13 Interior wall butt joint................................ 8-25
8.14 Factory glued joint ... 8-26
8.15 Interior wall movement butt joint............. 8-27

TRIBOARD MANUAL 2002 SECTION 8 - WALLS
8-3
8.1 General

All perimeter and internal wall panels are Triboard panels. Walls are
normally 2.40 or 2.45m high but may be up to 2.7 m high using the
tables in this Manual. Where AS1170.2 is used to determine the
maximum wind gust speed, the maximum wall height is 3.0m.

Panels may be mixed with conventional light timber frames con-
structed in accordance with AS 1684:Part 2.

8.2 Systems to resist vertical loads

Wall panels chosen from Tables 8.2 in this manual will carry the
loads shown.

8.3 Systems to resist horizontal loads

Each of the wall panels fixed using the standard details shown in
this Manual will carry some bracing load. Some additional fixing
may be needed, and if so must be shown on the plan.

8.4 Interior Wall panels

All interior wall panels shall be made from a minimum of 36 mm
thick Triboard. Battens are not required on interior walls. Interior
walls shall be fixed to board flooring or to a concrete floor with the
minimum fixings specified in Sections 8.4.1 or 8.4.2 as applicable.
Additional fixings which may be specifically designed to increase
panel bracing ratings are shown in Figures 8.4 and 8.6 for a timber
and a concrete floor respectively.

Interior walls shall be fixed to any intersecting wall with 75 mm x
3.15 mm diameter nails or 75 x 4.4 mm screws as shown in Figure
8.10. Figure 8.13 shows details required at an interior butt joint.
A movement butt joint detail is shown in Figure 8.15. Movement
joints must be fitted in long corridors and similar situations at not
more than 8 m spacing

8.4.1 Connection to a concrete floor

The internal walls shall sit on a 30 mm x 40 mm x 1.2 mm steel an-
gle folded from galvanised strip. Refer to Figure 8.5B. The vertical
leg of the angle shall be screwed to the wall with 30 x 4.4 mm di-
ameter screws at a maximum of 200 mm centres. The horizontal
leg of the angle shall be gun nailed to the concrete floor with 30 x
3.15 mm diameter nails at a maximum of 200 mm centres.

8.4.2 Connection to a timber floor

The minimum fixing shall be 75 mm x 3.15 mm diameter nails skew
driven from both sides at a maximum of 100 mm centres as shown
in Figure 8.4(C).

8-4
8.5 Exterior Wall Panels

All exterior walls shall be formed from Triboard of minimum thickness
36 mm and stiffened with timber wall battens on the exterior face as
illustrated in Figure 8.1. The specification for timber wall battens
shall comply with Section 8.5.3.

Exterior walls shall be fixed to board or a concrete floor with fixings
as specified in Sections 8.5.1 or 8.5.2 as applicable. Additional fix-
ings which optionally may be used to increase a panel bracing rating
are shown in Figures 8.4 and 8.6. Figure 8.9 shows recommended
coving, skirting and waterproof membrane details. Additional fixings
must be shown on the drawings.

Exterior walls shall be fixed at corners with 75 mm x 3.15 mm diame-
ter nails or 75 x 4.4 mm screws as shown in Figure 8.10. This figure
also shows the additional battens required to reinforce corners. Fig-
ure 8.11 shows the details required at any intersection of interior and
exterior walls. Figure 8.12 shows details required at an exterior butt
joint.

8.5.1 Connection to a concrete floor

The external walls shall sit on a 30 mm x 40 mm x 1.2 mm steel an-
gle as shown in Figure 8.5 (A). The vertical leg of the angle shall be
screwed to the wall with 30 x 4.4 mm diameter screws at a maximum
of 200 mm centres. The horizontal leg of the angle shall be nailed to
the concrete floor with 30 x 3.15 mm diameter concrete nails at a
maximum of 200 mm centres.

Various methods of connecting the exterior walls to a concrete floor
may be used. The minimum provisions are that the exterior walls are
fixed to the concrete floor with bottom plate anchors at spacing not
exceeding that given in Figure 8.5 (C). The anchors must be fixed to
the wall as per Figure 8.5(a) or 8.6(a).

There shall also be a hold-down anchor fixing on either side of every
door opening in exterior walls. Refer to figure 8.5C.

8.5.2 Connection to a timber floor

The minimum fixing shall be 75 mm x 3.15 mm diameter nails skew
driven through 2.5 mm diameter pre-drilled holes on both sides at a
maximum of 100 mm centres as shown in Figure 8.4 (A and B). The
batten can extend past the floor and be directly nailed to a boundary
joist as shown in Figure 8.4(A) or else butted against the floor and be
fixed to the boundary joist by 25 x 1mm G250 Z275, steel straps as
shown in Figure 8.4(B).
8-5

8.5.3 Wall Battens

The battens shall be of timber specified in Section 2.1.4 and shall
have a moisture content not exceeding 10% at the time of fixing.
The battens shall be of a size and spacing to comply with Table
8.2. Battens shall be used on the exterior panel face at all edges of
all openings and at building corners in the building faade as
shown in Figure 8.1. Double Battens (or 100 x 50 mm or 100 x 75
mm battens with twice the nailing as shown in Figure 8.1) are re-
quired at the following locations:

On the sides of openings which are both 2400 mm or
more wide and 600 mm from a stiffening panel. (A stiff-
ening panel is a panel at 90 to the panel under consid-
eration)
On lintel and sill edges of windows more than 2000 mm
wide in Wind Zone N2 or N3.
Besides lower floor windows 1000 mm or more wide.
On at least one edge of exterior corners.

Battens shall be fixed to the panel and adjacent structure as illus-
trated in Figure 8.1 using either hot dipped galvanised nails or roof-
ing screws of size given in Table 8.1. The minimum spacing for
nails and screws is shown in Figure 8.1. Where required the nails
shall be angled to prevent dimpling of the inside surface. At the top
and bottom of each panel the batten shall be fastened to the panel
with two screws or four nails at 100 mm centres.

Table 8.1 Fasteners to fix battens

Lower floor battens shall be fastened to the joist or blocking below
as illustrated in Figure 8.1 using either:
Three 100 mm long hot dipped galvanised nails or two 100
mm long roofing screws of diameter shown in Table 1. The
batten shall overlap the joist by a minimum of 150 mm; or
A 300 mm long 25mm x 1mm G250, Z275 steel strap brace
fixed with six 30 mm long x 3.15 mm diameter galvanised
nails as illustrated in Figure 8.4(B).

For two storey construction the battens shall extend to overlap the
above floor panel by a minimum of 400 mm and shall be fixed to
the top panel with four nails or three screws. Alternatively the bat-
tens in adjacent floors may be butted and a splicing batten extend-
ing a minimum of 400 mm overlap of both top and bottom panels is
nailed to each with four nails or screws.

Batten Size Nail Fixing Screw Fixing
50x50 mm (No packer) 75x3.15 mm 75 x 4.4 mm (12 gauge)
75x50 mm (No packer) 90x3.55 mm 90 x 5.2 mm (14 gauge)
50x50 mm (18mm packer) 90x3.55 mm 90 x 5.2 mm (14 gauge)
8-6
Figure 8.1 - Batten fixings
8-7
Table 8.2(A) - Panels as loadbearing walls
A single or top storey - Sheet roof

Truss
span (m)
Batten sizes of maximum wall height of:
2.4 (m) 2.7 (m) 3.0 (m)
At a maximum batten
spacing (mm) of:
At a maximum batten
spacing (mm) of:
At a maximum batten
spacing (mm) of:
400 600 400 600 400 600

6

50x50 50x50 50x50 75x50 75x50 75x50
N3 9 50x50 50x50 50x50 75x50 75x50 75x50
12 50x50 50x50 50x50 75x50 75x50 75x50
6 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 75x50 75x50
N2 9 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 75x50 75x50
12 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 75x50 75x50
6 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50
N1 9 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50
12 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50

Internal No battens required
walls

Wind clas-
sification
8-8
B single or top storey - Tile roof

Truss
span (m)
2.4 (m) 2.7 (m) 3.0 (m)
At a maximum batten
spacing (mm) of:
At a maximum batten
spacing (mm) of:
At a maximum batten
spacing (mm) of:
400 600 400 600 400 600

6

50x50 50x50 50x50 75x50 75x50 75x50
N3 9 50x50 50x50 50x50 75x50 75x50 75x50
12 50x50 50x50 50x50 75x50 75x50 75x50
6 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 75x50 75x50
N2 9 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 75x50 75x50
12 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 75x50 75x50
6 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50
N1 9 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50
12 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50

Internal
No battens required
walls

Wind clas-
sification
Table 8.2(B) - Panels as loadbearing walls
8-9
Table 8.2(C) - Panels as loadbearing walls
C Lower of two storeys or subfloor beneath one storey

Truss
span (m)
2.4 (m) 2.7 (m) 3.0 (m)
At a maximum batten
spacing (mm) of:
At a maximum batten
spacing (mm) of:
At a maximum batten
spacing (mm) of:
400 600 400 600 400 600
6 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50
N3 9 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50
12 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50
6 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50
N2 9 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50
12 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50
6 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50
N1 9 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50
12 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50 50x50
No battens required
Internal Walls running 2.4 m or more between intersecting (stiffening) walls to be
walls 2 x 36 mm thick

Wind clas-
sification
8-10
8.6 Lintels

Table 8.3 shows the maximum lintel spans that may be used for
various Triboard lintel types and depths.

8.6.1 Lintel Support Walls

Lintels may be butt jointed to the adjacent wall panels provided the
construction is to the appropriate detail in Figure 8.2. Panels
supporting lintels shall have a length no less than 600 mm or
200mm when fixed to another panel at right angles, as shown be-
low. The fasteners shall be 60 x 3.15 mm flat head galvanised
nails.

For construction at the gable end of a sheet roof building, with
maximum overhang of 600 mm and truss span not exceeding 8 m,
corner lintels shall be constructed to comply with Figure 8.3. For
construction outside this scope, the corner lintels shall be specifi-
cally designed.

8.7 Floor Joist Moisture Content

If an upper floor joist is placed wet, it will shrink up to 8 mm as it
dries. This will create gaps at the floor level. To limit this effect,
overlapping battens must not be fixed until the moisture content of
the upper floor joist is less than 18%.
8-11
Maximum span (m) for lintel sizes (mm) listed below
Single thickness Double thickness
Separate lintel Integral lintel Separate lintel Integral lintel
200 300 400 200 300 400 200 300 400 200 300 400
6 1.4 2.0 2.5 2.2 3.0 3.7 1.7 2.4 2.9 2.4 3.3 4.0
Sheet 8 1.3 1.8 2.3 3.0 2.8 3.5 1.6 2.2 2.7 2.2 3.0 3.8
roof 10 1.3 1.7 2.2 1.8 2.6 3.3 1.5 2.1 2.6 2.1 2.9 3.6
12 1.2 1.7 2.1 1.2 2.4 3.1 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.0 2.7 3.4
6 1.3 1.8 2.2 2.0 2.7 3.3 1.5 2.1 2.6 2.1 2.9 3.6
Tile 8 1.2 1.6 2.1 1.8 2.5 3.1 1.4 2.0 2.4 2.0 2.7 3.4
roof 10 1.1 1.6 1.9 1.6 2.3 2.9 1.4 1.9 2.3 1.9 2.6 3.2
12 1.1 1.5 1.9 1.5 2.2 2.8 1.3 1.8 2.2 1.8 2.5 3.1

Truss
Span (m)
For roof pitch less than 15

in Wind Classifications N2 and N3, uplift strength must be checked using
AS 4055

For lintels supporting a gable end truss read off the table above for a truss span of 6m.

Table 8.3 - Triboard lintels supporting roof only, minimum 15
o
roof pitch
8-12
Table 8.4 - Triboard lintels supporting roof, wall and floor
Truss Single thickness Double thickness
Span (m) Separate lintel Integral lintel Separate lintel Integral lintel
200 300 400 200 300 400 200 300 400 200 300 400
Sheet 6 1.1 1.5 1.9 1.5 2.2 2.9 1.3 1.8 2.3 1.9 2.5 3.2
roof 8 1.0 1.4 1.8 1.3 2.0 2.6 1.3 1.7 2.1 1.7 2.4 3.0
Light 10 0.9 1.4 1.7 1.1 1.6 2.2 1.2 1.6 2.0 1.7 2.3 2.8
wall 12 0.9 1.3 1.6 0.9 1.3 1.8 1.1 1.6 1.9 1.6 2.2 2.7
Tile 6 1.1 1.5 1.8 1.4 2.1 2.7 1.3 1.7 2.2 1.8 2.4 3.0
Roof 8 1.0 1.4 1.7 1.1 1.7 2.2 1.2 1.6 2.0 1.7 2.3 2.8
Light 10 0.9 1.3 1.6 0.9 1.3 1.8 1.1 1.5 1.9 1.6 2.1 2.7
wall 12 0.7 1.1 1.5 0.7 1.1 1.5 1.1 1.5 1.9 1.5 2.1 2.6
8-13
1.1 1.5 1.8 1.4 2.1 2.8 1.3 1.8 2.2 1.8 2.4 3.0
0.9 1.3 1.7 1.1 1.7 2.3 1.2 1.6 2.0 1.6 2.2 2.7
0.8 1.2 1.6 1.0 1.5 2.0 1.1 1.5 1.8 1.5 2.0 2.5
Table 8.5 - Triboard lintels supporting floor only
Truss Single thickness Double thickness
Span (m) Separate lintel Integral lintel Separate lintel
200 300 400 200 300 400 200 300 400 200 300 400
6
9
12

Integral lintel
8-14
Maximum span for lintel sizes listed below (m)
Double thickness, Separate lintel of depth (mm)
200 300 400
Steel flitch Steel flitch Steel flitch

200x3 200x6 200x10 300x3 300x6 300x10 400x3 400x6 400x10
6 2.9 3.4 3.8 3.9 4.6 5.1 4.9 5.7 6.4
Sheet 8 2.5 3.1 3.5 3.6 4.3 4.8 4.5 5.3 6.0
roof 10 2.2 3.0 3.3 3.4 4.0 4.6 4.3 5.0 5.7
12 2.0 2.8 3.2 3.1 3.9 4.4 4.1 4.8 5.4
6 2.5 2.9 3.3 3.4 4.0 4.5 4.2 4.9 5.6
Tile 8 2.3 2.7 3.1 3.2 3.7 4.2 3.9 4.6 5.2
roof 10 2.2 2.6 2.9 3.0 3.5 4.0 3.7 4.4 4.9
12 2.0 2.5 2.8 2.9 3.4 3.8 3.6 4.2 4.7

Truss
Span
(m)
Table 8.6 - Triboard lintels over garage openings (Steel flitch option)
8-15
Figure 8.2 - Fixings for separate lintel
8-16
Figure 8.3- Corner lintels
8-17
Figure 8.4 - Wall to timber floor fixings
8-18
Figure 8.5 - Wall to concrete floor fixings
8-19
Figure 8.6 - Exterior wall to concrete floor anchor / tie down details
8-20
Fig. 8.7 External wall set out - brick cladding
8-21
Figure 8.8Special fixings (Interior wall to floor)
8-22
Figure 8.9Floor Finishing
8-23
Figure 8.10 - Corner wall fixings
8-24
Figure 8.11 - Wall tee intersection fixings
Figure 8.12 - Exterior wall butt joint
8-25
Figure 8.13 - Interior wall butt joint
8-26
Figure 8.14 - Factory glued butt joint
8-27
Figure 8.15 - Interior wall movement butt joint
9-1
1
SECTION 9
ROOF

9.1 Roof gables
9.2 Roof truss connections to walls

Figures

9.1 Roof gables ....................... 9-2
9.2 Roof truss connection to walls ............. 9-2
9
9-2
TRIBOARD MANUAL 2002 SECTION 9 - ROOFS
9.1 Roof Gables

At gable ends, the wall battens must be extended to the top of
the truss top chord and be nailed to the top chord with 2/75 x
3.15 diameter nails. Provided the batten spacing does not ex-
ceed 600mm this fixing is adequate to resist uplift wind force at
the gable end for wind zones N1, N2 and N3. The battens must
be fixed to the wall with at least two nails or screws as per Table
8.1.

9.2 Roof Truss Connections to Walls

Trusses must be fixed to the exterior walls as shown in Figure
9.2. Fasteners must be at least 12mm from the ends of the Tri-
board walls. The details shown are adequate for wind uplifts for
truss spans up to 12m and truss spacings up to 900mm. Outside
this range uplift forces shall be subject to a specific design.

Refer to Figure 8.3 for connection of walls to trusses at corner
lintels.
9-3
TRIBOARD MANUAL 2002 SECTION 9 - ROOFS
Figure 9.1 -Gable end wall fixings options
Figure 9.2 Truss to Wall fixings
10-1
SECTION 10
THE BUILDING
ENVELOPE
10.1 Exterior wall coverings ........................ 10-2
10.2 Ventilation ............................................ 10-2
10.3 Electrical ............................................... 10-2
10.4 Plumbing ............................................... 10-2
10.5 Thermal insulation Requirements ...... 10-5
10.6 R Values for Typical Construction ..... 10-5

Figures
10.3.1 Electrical Services ............................ 10-3
10.3.2 Electric cable routing . 10.4
10.4 Table 1 State of Victoria Minimum
R values . 10.6
10.5 Total wall R-values for Triboard in
combination with common cladding
materials 10.7

10
10-2
10.1 Exterior wall coverings
10.1.1 Roof and wall cladding

Any of the roof and wall cladding systems which satisfy AS 1684.2
may be used.

10.1.2 Installation of external joinery

Install windows and doors to provide a suitable watertight seal
between the cladding and the perimeter of the frame in accordance
with the manufacturer's instructions. Details which allow water to
contact the Triboard or which rely on sealant for waterproofing are
not permitted. All cladding systems must include a sarking
membrane which is fixed to the outside face of the battens.

10.2 Ventilation

As TRIBOARD panel houses have very low air leakage it is
necessary to provide a small amount of permanent ventilation to
prevent mould growth and the possibility of an accumulation of
moisture. Ventilation requirements for housing are specified in Part
3.8.5 of Volume 2 of the Building Code of Australia.
Triboard is made using a low formaldehyde resin and meets the
Australia/New Zealand E1 standard for formaldehyde content. As
the panels are painted the emission from the surfaces is further
reduced. In practice the ventilation required to prevent dampness
and mould growth is ample to prevent any accumulation of
formaldehyde.

10.3 Electrical

Grooves and ducts to accommodate electrical wiring may be cut at
the factory or on site. Typical details are shown in Fig 10.3. Vertical
grooves are recommended as horizontal or diagonal grooves can
weaken the panel.

10.4 Plumbing

Plumbing and drainage pipe work is normally accommodated in
each fitting and connected from the floor. Pipes may also be ac-
commodated between battens on external wall.

TRIBOARD MANUAL 2002 SECTION 10-ENVELOPE-ROOF AND WALL CLADDING
10-3
TRIBOARD MANUAL 2002 SECTION 10 - ENVELOPE-ROOF AND WALL CLADDING
Figure 10.3.1 - Electrical services in panels
10-4
Figure 10.3.2 Electric Cable routing
10-5

10.5 Thermal insulation Requirements

There are specific performance requirements in Volume 2 of the
Building Code of Australia for residential dwellings to ensure energy
efficiency in three states, Australia Capital Territory, Victoria and
South Australia. Where a house energy rating is required, this must
be established for a specific house design based on advice from a
practitioner approved by the relevant state Authority for energy rat-
ing consultancy.

10.5.1 Australia Capital Territory
(BCA Appendix A ACT 5.2.1 Amendment 11)
A new dwelling must achieve an ACT House Energy Rating of 4
stars. In the case of an addition to an existing building, the mini-
mum R value for an external wall shall be R1.5.

10.5.2 South Australia
(BCA Appendix A SA 2.2 Amendment 10)
A new dwelling must achieve a house energy rating of at least 4
stars when assessed with the Nationwide House Energy Rating
Scheme (NatHERS)

10.5.3 Victoria
(BCA Appendix A Vic 1.2.3 Amendment 10)
In Victoria residential dwellings must achieve a house energy rating
of 3 stars and meet the minimum insulation requirements for walls
for options A or B in Figure 10.4.

R values for common building elements for assessment against
these requirements are given in Vic Table 2 section Vic 1.2.3, Ap-
pendix A Volume 2 of the Building Code of Australia.

10.6 R Values for Typical Construction

10.6.1 Floors

Total R Values for typical floor construction are given in Vic Table 2
Section Vic 1.2.3, Appendix A, Volume 2 of the Building Code of
Australia.

10.6.2 Walls

Total R Values for typical wall construction using Triboard can be
calculated from Figure 10.5 for varying cavity insulation R values. If
reflective foil is used in the cavity in place of bulk insulation the total
wall R-value is equivalent to 0.5m
2
C/W per reflective cavity. The R
value for 36 mm Triboard is 0.35m
2
C/W.

10.6.3 Ceilings

The total R values for typical roof construction using bulk insulation
in combination with Triboard or plasterboard ceilings can be derived
by adding 0.15 m
2
C/W to the bulk insulation R value.
The R value for an 18 mm Triboard ceiling panel is 0.15 .
10-6
TRIBOARD MANUAL 2002 SECTION 10- ENVELOPE-ROOF AND WALL CLADDING
Figure 10.4 Table 1 State of Victoria
Minimum R value requirements
10-7

Figure 10.5 Total wall R values for Triboard in combination with common cladding materials.
Total
Wall
R Value
11-1
1
SECTION 11
INTERIOR LININGS
11.1 Stopping of joints between panels ....... 11-2
11.2 Wall lining in wet areas ....................... 11-3

Figures
11.1 Butt joint stopping ................................. 11-2
11.2 Vee butt joint .......................................... 11-2

11
11-2
11.1 Stopping of joints between panels

Joints between panels must be firmly fixed using one of the joint
details shown in this manual. Joints may be stopped using normal
plasterboard stopping materials as follows:

Both sheet edges bevelled 3 mm deep x 50 - 75 wide, bevels not
painted
Use bedding compound to fix paper tape (NOT glass tape)
Finish with finishing compound
Stop ceiling panels similarly

The board must be dry or the stopping will crack as the board dries.
If the board has been wet use a moisture meter before stopping. Do
not stop the joint until the moisture content is 10% or less .

Joint cracking is minimised by

Keeping the panels dry.
If they are soaked wet allow them to dry.
As a guide allow 1 week drying per day of soaking.
Using sufficient movement joints.
Figure 11.2 - Vee butt joint
Figure 11.1 - Butt joint stopping
TRIBOARD MANUAL 2002 SECTION 11 - INTERIOR LININGS
11-3
11.2 Wall lining in wet areas

All Triboard surfaces in areas likely to be wetted on a regular basis
are to be protected from moisture by fitting a separate wall lining
material designed and detailed for that purpose.
To protect the structure of the building and to maintain the amenity
for the occupants, water must be prevented from penetrating behind
fittings and linings or into concealed spaces of sanitary facilities,
bathrooms, laundries and the like.

11.2.1 Wet Areas

The following is taken from Part 3.8.1 of Volume 2 of the Building
Code of Australia.
The following wall areas must be protected against water in accor-
dance with 11.2.211.2.4.

(a) Walls including corner junctions
(I) within an enclosed shower; or
(ii) where the shower is not an enclosed shower, within
1.5 m of the shower fitting, to a height of 1.8m
above the floor; and
(iii) immediately adjacent or behind a wet area fixture
(A) to a height not less than 150 mm above the fixture
is within 75 mm of the wall; and
(B) for the full width and/or breadth of the fixture
(b) Floor, wall and bench junctions must comply with the
flooring:
(i) The junction between the floor and wall -
(A) if the wall and floor are required to be protected
and
(B) in bathrooms containing showers.
(ii) The junction between the wall and any bench top or
horizontal surface containing a wet area fixture if the
wall is required to be protected.

11.2.2 Materialsgeneral

Materials used in wet area waterproofing and water resistant con-
struction must be as follows:

(a) Flashing angles must be waterproof and have dimensions n o t
less than -
(i) for wall angles40 x 40 mm; and
(ii) for floor angles25 mm above finished adjoining floor
level x 50 mm.
(b) Grout used for ceramic tiles must have suitable properties f o r
the intended use based upon the workability, shrinkage, g e n e r a l
adhesion and be one of the following grout types:
(i) Cement based grout mix in accordance with the
following:
(A) Wall tilesgrout must be 1 part Portland cement
based grout which is compressible
(B) Floor tilesgrout must be 1 part Portland cement
and 2-4 parts sand mixed with water to a stiff con-
sistency. Up to 1/5 part lime may be added if addi-
tional workability is required. Other admixtures
should only be used in accordance with suitable
recommendations.
11-4
(ii) Proprietary cement based grout must be in accordance
with the suitable recommendation for the type of tile pro-
posed.
(c) Flexible sealants must be waterproof, neutral, self curing,
flexible and mould resisting and must be compatible with the
adjoining materials.

11.2.3 Protection of shower walls in wet areas

Wet area walls as defined in 11.2.1(a) must -

(a) be water resistant, consisting of -
(i) smooth steel float finished concrete; or
(ii) cement render not less than 10 mm thick with a hard
smooth finish; or
(iii) terrazzo; or
(iv) Pre-finished wall panels sealed with a flexible sealant at
joints; or
(b) consist of a water resistant lining suitably attached or adhered
to a water resistant substrate with all joints sealed in accordance
with 11.2.4 and
(i) for the purpose of this clause, suitable water resistant
wall substrates are -
(A) wet area plasterboard sheet; or
(B) fibre cement sheet; or
(C) masonry; and
(ii) suitable water resistant wall linings are -
(A) ceramic tiles; or
(B) slate; or
(C) stone tiles; or
(D) sheet vinyl with a thickness not less than 1 mm
wear layer, fully bonded to the substrate, with
joints welded or seam-sealed.

11.2.4 Sealing of wall and floor junctions and joints

Wall, floor and bench junctions as defined in 11.2.1(b) and wall
joints in wet areas must be sealed as follows:

(a) Vertical wall junctions in shower areas must be -
(i) flashed; and
(ii) where the flashing is above a shower tray or membrane,
it must be lapped inside the shower tray or membrane
not less than 25 mm (where possible); and
(b) The junction between the wall and shower or bath must be
sealed with a flexible sealant.
(c) The junction between the wall and wet area fixtures or
benches containing a wet area fixture must be sealed with a
flexible sealant.
(d) Tap fittings in shower recesses must be sealed with flexible
sealant or sealed with a waterproof flange.
(e) Finished wall and floor tile junctions must not be grouted, but
sealed with a flexible sealant to create a flexible movement
joint and the wall tiles must finish over the edge of the floor
tiles.

For suitable details of these junctions refer to deemed to satisfy
solutions shown in Figures 3.8.1.6 to 3.8.1.11, Volume 2 of the
Building Code of Australia (BCA96).
12-1
1
SECTION 12
CEILINGS
12.1 18 mm Triboard ceiling ..........................12-2
12.2 Plasterboard ceiling .........................12-2
12.3 Downlights ............................................12-2
12.4 Movement joints ...................................12-2

Figures
12.1 Triboard ceiling to wall joints ..............12-3
12.2 Triboard ceiling movement joints .......12-4
12.3A Junction of Plasterboard ceiling and
exterior Triboard wall at Truss location .....12-4
12.3B Junction of Plasterboard ceiling and
exterior Triboard wall at truss location.12-5
12.4 Ceiling to truss fixings ...12-5
12
12-2
12 CEILINGS

12.1 18 mm Triboard ceiling

Where 18 mm Triboard ceiling is used it must be connected to the
walls as per Figure 12.1A or 12.1B. The ceiling is connected to the
truss with cleats at a maximum of 600mm centres as shown in Fig-
ure 12.4.

12.2 Plasterboard ceiling

A conventional plasterboard ceiling as per AS 1684.2-1999 may be
used. In this case the distances between bracing lines must be a
maximum of 5m. At each interior and exterior wall, jointing strips as
per Figure 12.3A or 12.3B must be used.

12.3 Downlights

Ceiling downlights can cause considerable loss of thermal insulation
if they penetrate the ceiling and allow hot air to escape. This can
lead to increased heating costs or to condensation on the fittings.
It is recommended that good quality downlight fittings are used.
These fittings do not allow hot air to escape through the ceiling and
the insulation can be installed right up to and over the fitting. A
suitable fitting is the SD125.

12.4 Movement joints

Seasonal movement will occur in board particularly in ceilings.
Ceiling movement joints must be provided. Refer to Figure 12.1(C).
It is recommended that movement joint spacing does not exceed
8m in buildings with a plan dimension greater than 12m.
TRIBOARD MANUAL 2002 SECTION 12 - CEILINGS
12-3
Figure 12.1 - Triboard ceiling to wall joints
12-4
Figure 12.2 Triboard ceiling movement joints
Figure 12.3 A Junction of Plasterboard ceiling and exterior Triboard wall at truss location
12-5

Figure 12.3 B - Junction of plasterboard ceiling and exterior Triboard wall at truss location

Figure 12.4Ceiling to truss fixings
13-1
1
SECTION 13
INDUSTRY
INFORMATION
13.1 Panel suppliers in Australia .......... 13-2
13.2 Triboard Consultants/Advisors ..... 13-3

13
13-2
13.1 PANEL SUPPLIERS IN AUSTRALIA

13.1.1 Panel Suppliers and Re-manufacturers

Juken Nissho Ltd will distribute TTT Triboard via a Importer/
Wholesaler in Australia. The Importer/Wholesaler will in turn appoint
and accredit Triboard re-manufacturers in Queensland, New South
Wales, Victoria and South Australia.
Accredited re-manufacturers will process the Triboard construction
panels to their customers requirements, in accordance with the pro-
cedures outlined in this design and construction manual.

Please refer to www.triboard.com web site for information regarding
these appointments.

13.1.2 Panel Manufacture

In order to maintain a satisfactory standard of quality and to meet
the Triboard re-manufacturers warranty requirements only panels
manufactured by an accredited re-manufacturer may be used as
building components.

The tolerances for panel manufacture and erection are included in
Section 2 of this manual.

13.1.3 Re-manufacturers Identification

An approved Triboard label indicating the re-manufacturer name,
address and the delivery date must be placed inside the hot water
cupboard or similar space above the door. This is to identify the
remanufacturer should the owner need a further contact for any
reason regarding the work that was done.

TRIBOARD MANUAL 2002 SECTION 13 - INDUSTRY INFORMATION
13-3
13.2 Triboard Consultants/Advisors

Brown & Thomson Northland Ltd
Northland
New Zealand
Contact: Dave Brierly
Phone: +64 9 407 9332
Email: btnl@xtra.co.nz

Gale, RF & Associates Ltd
Auckland
New Zealand
Contact: Bob Gale
Phone: +64 9 521 0364
Email: gale@iconz.co.nz

Holmes Consulting Group
Auckland
New Zealand
Contact: Warwick Banks
Phone: +64 9 522 4596
Email: warwick@holmesgroup.com

Loughnan Hall and Thompson Ltd
Hastings
New Zealand
Contact: Tony Loughnan
Phone: +64 6 876 6603
Email: tony.l@lht.co.nz

North Arc Design - Associate Member
Kaitaia
New Zealand
Contact: Michael Sloane
Phone: +64 9 408 7401
Email: northarcdesign@xtra.co.nz

Tay, Tony & Associates Ltd
Auckland
New Zealand
Contact: Roger Yeoman
Phone: +64 9 377 3093
Email: ttay@xtra.co.nz

TRIBOARD is manufactured in Kaitaia New Zealand by:

Auckland Headoffice
PO Box: 1450 Auckland
New Zealand
Phone: +64 9 309 1750
Fax: +64 9 309 0326
Email: sales@triboard.co.nz
www.triboard.com

TRIBOARD MANUAL 2002 SECTION 13 - INDUSTRY INFORMATION
14-1
TRIBOARD MANUAL 2002 INDEX
INDEX

Reference Section-Page
A
Alignment............................................... 3.3.5 3-3

B
Battens
Fixings to wall................................ Figure 8.1 8-6
Fixings to boundary joist.................. ........ Figure 8.4 8-17
Bracing values......................................... Table 5.1 5-4

C
Camber
Trussed roof ................................... 3.3.10 3-4

Cantilevered boundary joist fixings............. Figure 7.1 7-2

Ceiling
Board ceiling ................................ 2.1.2, 12.1 2-2,12-2
Ceiling site butt joints................... Figure 12.4 12-2
Plaster board ceiling fixings............. Figure 12.3a 12-4
Fixings to walls.............................. Figure 12.1 12-3
Fixings to truss....................................... Figure 13.5 13-5
Ceiling panels......................................... 3.3.7 3-3
Corner lintels.......................................... Figure 8.3 8-16
Corner wall fixings................................... Figure 8.10 8-23

D
Density of Triboard................................... 2.1.1 2-2
Doubler
Integral lintel with doubler................. 1.4 1-4
Separate lintel................. 1.4 1-5

E
Electrical services.................................... Figure 10.3 10-3

F
Formaldehyde emission........................... 10.2 10-2

G
Gable
Gable end wall fixings....................... Figure 9.1 9-2

I Insulation................................................ 10.5 10-5
Wall R values................................. Table 10.6.2 10-8, 9
Floor R values................................ Table 10.6.1 10-7
Roof R values................................. Table 10.4 10-6

14-2
TRIBOARD MANUAL 2002 INDEX

J
Joints
Butt joints...................................... Figure 8.11-14 8-24-26
Factory glue joint........................... Figure 8.14 8-26
Movement butt joint......................... Figure 8.13 8-25

L
Lintels
Corner lintels.................................. Figure 8.3 8-16
Integral lintel................................... 1.4 1-4
Lintel Fixings . Figure 2 8-15
Separate lintel................................ 1.4 1-4

M
Movement butt joint........................ Figure 8.13 8-25

O
Openings................................................ Figures 1,2 5-3

P
Paint...................................................... 2.1.3 2-2
Plumbing................................................ 10.4 10-2
Polystyrene EPS ................................... Table 10.6.2 10-8
Polystyrene XPS .................................... Table 10.6.2 10-8

R
Reflective Foil......................................... Table 10.6.1 10-7

S
Specific Design fixings
Exterior wall .................................. Figure 8.6 8-19
Interior wall .................................... Figure 8.8 8-21

T
Truss
Truss to wall fixings......................... Figure 9.2 9-2

V
Ventilation.............................................. 10.2 10-2

W
Wall Fixings
Wall to timber floor .................... ...... Figure 8.14 8-17
Wall to concrete floor...................... Figure 8.15 8-18
Wall plate
Fixings to foundation walls............... Figure 6.1,2 6-3,4
Weather exposure................................... 3.2 3-2

AUS Triboard Manua

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

AUS Triboard Manua

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

CONSTRUCTION

You might also like