1.

TYPES OF ANGLES

1.1 ANGLES AND LINES
Angles may be classified according to their degree measures:




Acute Angle Right Angle Obtuse Angle


Two angles are supplementary if their degree measures add up to 180 and are complementary if their
degree measures add up to 90.

The opposite pairs of angles formed when two lines intersect are called vertical angles. Pairs of vertical
angles are equal in measure.




Vertical Angles


When the noncommon sides of two adjacent angles form a line, the measures of the two adjacent angles
add up to 180 degrees.




Supplementary Angles


Pairs of angles formed by parallel lines are either equal in degree measure (alternate interior angles
and corresponding angles) or have measures that add up to 180 degrees (consecutive interior angles).











1. Alternate Interior Angles
and
2. Corresponding Angles
and
and
3. Supplementary Interior Angles
and
1.2 TYPES OF TRIANGLES
Triangles may be classified by the number of sides that have the same length:






Scalene Triangle Isosceles Triangle Equilateral Triangle

A triangle may also be classified by the degree measure of its largest angle:

Acute Triangle Right Triangle Obtuse Triangle




1.3 ANGLES OF A TRIANGLE
. The measures of the three angles of a triangle add up to 180 degrees.
An exterior angle of a triangle is equal in degree measure to the sum of the degree measures of the two
nonadjacent interior angles

Exterior angle



If a triangle has two equal sides (angles), then the angles (sides) opposite them are also equal.











If a triangle has three equal sides, then each angle measures 60 degrees.

Pairs of unequal angles of a triangle are opposite unequal sides with the larger angle facing the longer
side.







If , then .
If , then .

Each side of a triangle must be shorter than the sum of the lengths of
the other two sides and longer than their difference. For example, if
the lengths of the two sides of a triangle are 9 and 4, the length of the
third side, , must be shorter than and longer than
.


For a polygon with sides, the interior angles of the polygon add up to

.

Thus, the four angles of a quadrilateral add up to ; the five angles of a pentagon
add up to ; and so forth.

The sum of the exterior angles of an polygon, one angle at each corner, is .














Special Quadrilaterals

1.4 PARALLELOGRAM
A parallelogram is a quadrilateral in which both pairs of opposite sides are parallel. In a
parallelogram:
Opposite sides have the same length.
Opposite angles have equal measures.
Diagonals bisect each other.




(1) and
(2)

1.5 RECTANGLE
A rectangle is a parallelogram with four right angles. The diagonals of a rectangle have the same length.











1.6 RHOMBUS
A rhombus is a parallelogram in which all four sides have the same length. In a rhombus:
The diagonals intersect at right angles.
The diagonals bisect the angles at opposite corners of the rhombus.









1.7 SQUARE
A square is a parallelogram in which all four sides have the same length and all four angles are right
angles. Since a square has all of the properties of a rhombus and a rectangle, in a square:
The diagonals have the same length.
Each diagonal bisects the two angles at opposite corners of the square.





1.8 TRAPEZOID
A trapezoid is a quadrilateral in which one pair of sides are parallel and one pair of sides are not parallel.
The parallel sides are called bases, and the nonparallel sides are called legs.








1.9 ISOSCELES TRAPEZOID
An isosceles trapezoid is a trapezoid whose legs have the same length. In an isosceles trapezoid:
The diagonals have the same length.
The lower base angles are equal in measure and the upper base angles are equal in measure.


















Lesson Exercise:
1. In the accompanying diagram,

and

intersect at E. if
and , find .
a.)
b.)
c.)
d.)




2. In the accompanying diagram,

. Which statement must
be true?
a.)
b.)
c.)
d.)



3. The measures of the three angles of a triangle are in the ratio 2:3:4. Find the measure of the largest
angle of the triangle.
a.)
b.) 80
c.) 90
d.) 100

4. In the accompanying diagram of

are angle
bisectors, and . Find .
a.)
b.)
c.)
d.)









5. In the accompanying diagram of

is drawn so
that

. If , find .
a.) 100
b.) 110
c.) 120
d.) 140



6. In

is extended through to . If , which is the longest side of ?

a.)

b.)

c.)

d.)

and

7. In the accompanying diagram of
parallelogram, side

is extended through
to and

is a diagonal. If
and , find .
a.) 20
b.) 25
c.) 30
d.) 35




8. In the accompanying diagram,

are straight
lines. If ,
and , find .
a.) 30
b.) 60
c.) 90
d.) 120



9. In the accompanying diagram, transversal

intersects parallel lines

at and
, respectively. If ,
, find the value of .
a.) 8
b.) 10
c.) 12
d.) 15



10. The measures of two consecutive angles of a parallelogram are in the ratio 5:4. What is the measure
of an obtuse angle of the parallelogram?
a.)
b.) 80
c.) 100
d.) 160