Mobileanalyzer BR NSD TM Ae

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com/nse
Mobile Assurance
QoS Analyzer Overview
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Mobile Assurance QoS Analyzer Overview
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QoS Analyzer
Enabling proactive and real-time detection of mobile network-
and service-quality issues
The comprehensive QoS Analyzer (QoSA) monitors performance
and identifes problems across GSM, GPRS, UMTS, and LTE networks
and services. The QoSA covers all aspects of mobile network and
service performance, letting users monitor delivered service quality
in real-time. The QoSA calculates, on an ongoing basis, a series of key
performance indicators (KPIs) relating to the network and carried
services. It continuously compares these metrics to preset thresholds
and generates alarms when thresholds are crossed. The QoSA can
also retrieve and analyze KPI data for historical trending of GSM/
GPRS/UMTS/LTE network and service performance: analysis which
is very useful to network operations, network planning, and SLA
management.
Benefts
Maximize Revenues
Detect network and service problems in real time, minimizing
outage times and their impact
Raise Satisfaction Levels
Proactive and real-time indication of customer-service
performance and quality issues
Lower OpEx and CapEx
Enable managing more complex networks and services within
existing OSS resources and OpEx constraints
Discover key trends with fexible historical reports for network
capacity planning and performance management, optimizing
asset utilization, and minimizing capital spend
Features
Network-Wide Coverage
A wide range of KPIs help control delivered service quality,
covering network elements and signaling procedures across
multiple interfaces and protocols
Enables visibility of service performance across the entire GSM/
GPRS/UMTS/LTE network via a single, high-level view
Easy to Use
Get unmatched performance insight via an exceptionally-
fexible KPI service model and graphical interface
Set fexible alarm thresholds for selected KPIs including
baselining thresholds such as variable thresholds based on
typical KPI measured profles
Allocate unique service defnitions via a combination of APN,
IP address, port number, and URL/URI
Simplify managing service performance with composite KPIs,
where a few procedural KPIs replace 10s or 100s of transaction
KPIs
Use color highlighting in service-model icons for indications of
network and service health based on the severity of threshold
violations
Generate reports for the last 24 hours or longer with granularity
down to 5 minutes
Workfow Improvements
From KPI alarm to root cause in three mouse clicks for faster
mean-time-to-repair (MTTR)
Integrated troubleshooting drill-down with the Session Trace
application to deliver the fastest fault detection-to-resolution
time in the industry
Export collected performance data to third-party applications
Create a URL link of a performance view for copying or e-mailing
to colleagues, facilitating trouble-ticket handover
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Operation
The QoSA is just one of the applications within the JDSU Mobile
Assurance portfolio. JDSU Mobile Assurance solutions provide
passive-probe-based monitoring and troubleshooting for GSM,
GPRS, UMTS, and LTE networks and services. With applications
covering real-time monitoring, historical reporting, multi-dimensional
business-intelligence (BI) analysis, and detailed troubleshooting, the
JDSU Mobile Assurance portfolio delivers higher revenues, increased
customer satisfaction levels, and lower costs to mobile-service
providers around the world.
The QoSA lets users confgure GSM/GPRS/UMTS/LTE measurements
for their specifc network and service requirements and view results in
an easy-to-use display. Measurements and associated nodes (network
elements or services) appear in hierarchical tree structures so they
can be viewed and monitored easily. Appropriate icons represent the
service nodes, measurement templates, tests, and measurements.
Measurement results are viewable from multiple remote locations
using a client or a web GUI, giving a broad range of users access to
important information.
Service-model icons change color to provide up-to-date information
about the health of services, indicating whether threshold boundaries
have been crossed and the violation severity. These color changes
appear at the top level of the service model, letting users quickly
identify problems and drill down to isolate the root cause. Green
indicates that no threshold boundaries have been crossed while red
indicates at least one critical violation.
Health Reports and Active Histograms
QoSA measurement results appear in the form of graphs: health
reports and active histograms. Health reports are collections of related
GPRS/UMTS/LTE graphs combined into high-level status reports of
services and the network over a period of time. Health reports also
enable the graphical viewing of trends via the historical data included
in the report.
QoSA time-series histograms display performance-against-time for
selected KPIs and support drill-down into cause codes and impacted
IMSIs via the KPI Analyzer.
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Thresholds and Events
Alerts appear when a measurement result crosses any specifed
threshold; then, one click takes the user from the alarm to the
measurement violation. An additional click brings up the KPI Analyzer
to drill down to cause analysis. Finally, if required, another click initiates
an in-context launch of the Session Trace application for detailed
troubleshooting analysis. Three simple steps are all thats needed to
take the user from a high-level alarm to a detailed problem diagnosis.
The QoSA provides fexible thresholding to ensure users are not
overwhelmed with false alerts, including static (fxed value) and
baseline thresholds. Baseline thresholds are where the QoSA builds
a historical record of network/service behavior and establishes a
threshold based on the measured baseline. For each defned threshold,
a user can confgure a triggering conditionincreasing, decreasing,
or envelopeand can also set a severity level for the violation such as
minor, major, or critical.
Dynamically-updated alarm data includes:
date and time of the event
measurement name
measurement value that exceeded the boundary
value of the threshold boundary that was exceeded
sustained count value.
KPI Analyzer
The QoSA KPI Analyzer displays a time-series histogram showing the
cause codes or a profle of trafc depending on the measurement
type. This analysis helps determine error trends for the originating/
terminating points of trafc. Filtering may be applied to remove error
causes or nodes that are not relevant to the investigation.
The next level of detail includes IMSIs, nodes, and QCIs that contributed
to the threshold violation. By selecting a specifc IMSI, node, or QCI,
a user can perform more detailed troubleshooting by launching the
Session Trace application directly from the same window.
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Configuration
Admin Console
The Admin Console is a user interface provided to system
administrators to create and manage QoSA service models and to
perform other administrative tasks.
Service Model
A service model provides a visualization of GSM, GPRS, UMTS, and LTE
network nodes and measurements in a hierarchical tree structure
to ease managing the network and services. A service model can be
created manually or automatically by selecting the required template
in the Admin Console. Measurements can be grouped under a single
grouping node such as User Plane Measurements or under several
grouping nodes such as Node Measurements.
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JDSU Composite KPIs
LTE introduces hundreds of new transactions that are used in tens of
procedures that control the users experience around accessibility,
mobility, integrity, and retainability. How do you efectively manage
your network, service, and customer experience when the set of KPI
measurements could run into the hundreds?
The answer is unique JDSU composite KPI technology. Composite
KPIs simplify event reporting by correlating and summarizing KPI
information across interfaces, transactions, and protocols. Composite
KPIs provide information on the actual customer experience rather
than on individual transaction performance.
For example, the LTE device attach procedure (shown in the diagram
below) involves 19 separate transactions before the user can access any
services. With JDSU Composite KPI technology, the following 4 attach
procedure KPIs can replace 76 traditional transaction-based KPIs.
Attach procedure volume
Attach procedure error rate (broken down by transaction and cause)
Attach procedure absence
Attach procedure setup time
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KPI Support Summary
Support for GSM/GPRS/MSS/UMTS and ISUP/INAP KPIs
Interface/
Grouping KPI Categories
Available
(C.05.00 on)
Gb Network access
BSSGP
GMM/SM
C.05.00
C.05.00
C.05.00
Gr, Gn Mobility management C.05.00
Gb, Gn Security management
Session management
C.05.00
C.05.00
General Network support services (for
example, RADIUS, DHCP)
LDAP
C.05.00
C.05.10
Iu RANAP C.05.00
IuPS Mobility management
Session management
C.05.00
C.05.00
IuCS Call control
Mobility management
C.05.00
C.05.00
Gn GTP C.05.00
B, C, D, E, etc. MAP
(Call handling; location management;
SMS; handover; PDP context;
subscriber management services;
supplementary services; location
service management; subscriber
information services; operation and
maintenance services; fault recovery
services).
C.05.00
A BSSMAP
DTAP
C.05.30
C.05.30
Various ISUP C.05.30
Various INAP C.05.30
Directional KPIs Network initiated detach
PDP context
C.05.00
C.05.00
Trafc Class KPIs Trafc class PDP contexts C.05.00
SMTP, POP3, HTTP,
WSP, RTSP service
KPIs
User plane (for example, data volume,
throughput)
C.05.10
MMS KPIs General (for example, connect,
redirect, suspend, resume)
C.05.10
MSS Mc GCP C.05.60
MSS Nc BICC
SIP-I
C.05.60
C.05.60
Support for LTE Control-Plane KPIs
Interface/
Grouping KPI Categories
Available
(C.05.60 on)
S1-MME EPS mobility management (EMM)
EPS session management (ESM)
C.05.60
C.05.60
S1-MME, S1-AP E-RAB management
Context management
Handover management
General (for example, EPS paging
and NAS transport KPIs)
C.05.60
C.05.60
C.05.60
C.05.60
S6a, S6d Location management
Subscriber data handling
Authentication
Fault recovery
Notifcation
C.05.60
C.05.60
C.05.60
C.05.60
C.05.60
S5, S8 (GTPv2) Tunnel management C.05.60
S4, S11 (GTPv2) Tunnel management C.05.60
S3, S10, S16
(GTPv2)
Mobility management C.05.60
SGs General (for example, non-EPS
services)
C.05.60
Gx IP CAN session C.05.60
MME on Gn LTE GPRS/UMTS interworking C.05.60
Support for LTE Composite KPIs
KPI Categories
Available
(C.05.60 on)
Accessibility C.05.60
Mobility C.05.60
Retainability C.05.60
Support for LTE User-Plane KPIs
Interface KPI Categories
Available
(C.05.60 on)
S1-U, S5-U, S8-U,
S4-U
User plane (for example, data
volume and throughput)
C.05.60
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KPI Support Detail: GSM, GPRS, UMTS and ISUP, INAP
The QoSA for GSM/GPRS/UMTS data networks provides a
comprehensive set of measurements designed specifcally to highlight
problems on GPRS and UMTS data networks such as Gn PDP context
activation and service activation failures. The solution provides
measurements on GSM/GPRS/UMTS voice and data network elements,
services, and data-service quality to control delivered QoS.
The following measurements are provided for each of the KPIs
supported by the QoSA:
Volume
Error volume
Success volume
Error rate
Success rate
Average response time
Average transaction duration
Absence
QoSA KPIs GSM, GPRS, UMTS + ISUP, INAP
KPI Defnition of KPI Benefts
Gb Network Access KPIs
Attach Request Monitors the
performance of
the Attach Request
procedures.
Highlights problems that
users are experiencing
when attaching to the
network.
Detach Request Monitors the
performance of the
Detach Request
procedures.
Indicates that users are
successfully detaching from
the network.
Routing Area
Update
Monitors the
performance of the
Routing Area Update
procedures.
Indicates that users are able
to roam successfully within
the network.
Gb BSSGP KPIs
RA Capability The KPI monitors the
performance of RA
Capability procedures.
Ensures that the BSC
is being provided the
requested information (MS
Radio Access capability or
IMSI) from the SGSN.
PS Paging The KPI monitors the
performance of PS Paging
procedures.
Indicates the number
re-attaches requests by the
network to users.
CS Paging The KPI monitors the
performance of CS Paging
procedures.
Ensures that subscribers are
informed when calls arrive
for them.
Radio Status The KPI monitors the
performance of Radio
Status procedures.
Indicates how often Radio
Status re-attaches requests
by the network to users and
potential problems with
cells.
LLC Discard The KPI monitors the
performance of LLC
Discard procedures.
Indicates a number of
bufered LLC-PDUs have
been deleted.
RA Capability
Update
The KPI monitors the
performance of RA
Capability Update
procedures.
Indicates that RA
capabilities are successfully
updated when requested
by the BSC.
Suspend The KPI monitors the
performance of Suspend
procedures.
Ensures that subscribers
can suspend their service
connect on request.
Resume The KPI monitors the
performance of Resume
procedures.
Ensures that subscribers
can resume their service
connect on request.
Flow Control MS The KPI monitors the
performance of Flow
Control procedures.
Indicates the number of
Flow Control procedures
sent from the BSC to the
SGSN.
Flush LL The KPI monitors the
performance of Flush LL
procedures.
Ensures that the BSCs are
kept up-to-date where
subscribers are located.
Gb GMM/SM KPIs
P-TMSI
Re-allocation
procedures.
Ensures that the network
is successfully allocating/
updating P-TMSI and RAI
to users outside the RAU
procedure.
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QoSA KPIs GSM, GPRS, UMTS + ISUP, INAP continued
Gr, Gn Mobility KPIs
Cancel Location Monitors the performance
of the Cancel Location
procedure.
Ensures that the HLR is
successfully informing
the SGSN that subscribers
have left its Location.
SGSN Context
Request
Monitors the performance
of the SGSN Context
Request procedure.
Ensures the New SGSN
informs the previous
SGSN that subscriber is
now hosted by itself.
Update GPRS
Location
of the Update GPRS
Location procedure.
Ensures that the HLR
is informed where a
subscriber is in the
network.
Update PDP
Context
of the Update PDP Context
procedure.
Ensures that GGSNs are
informed whenever a
subscriber roams to a new
SGSN.
Forward
Relocation
of the Forward Relocation
procedure.
Ensures Relocation
procedures are
successful.
Forward
Relocation
Complete
of the Forward Relocation
Complete procedure.
Ensures Relocation is
performing as designed.
Relocation
Cancel
performance of the
Relocation Cancel
procedures.
Ensures relocation cancel
requests are acted upon
within the core network.
Forward SRNS
Context
of the Forward SRNS
Context Complete
procedure.
Ensures successful hard
handovers.
Gb, Gn Security KPIs
Authentication
and Ciphering
Monitor the performance
of the Authentication and
Ciphering procedures.
These measurements
ensure that users are
validated by the network
and when ciphering is
used that the keys are
correctly being passed
around the network.
Authentication
Failure
of the Authentication
Failure procedures.
This measurement
monitors the notifcation
of failures to HLRs from
the SGSN.
Identifcation
Request
of the Identifcation
Request procedures.
Ensures that an SGSN
validates a P-TMSI with
the previous SGSN that
the subscriber was
attached to.
Identity Request Monitor the performance
of the Identity Request
procedures.
Ensures the network can
gather info (IMEI, IMSI)
from subscribers when
requested.
Send
Authentication
Info
of the Send Authentication
Info procedures.
Ensures that the SGSN
receives Authentication
from the HLR for a
subscriber.
Send
Authentication
InfoGPRS
of the Send Authentication
Info GPRS procedures.
Ensures that GGSNs can
obtain IP addresses of
the SGSN where a MS is
located.
Send Routing
Information for
GPRS
Monitor performance of
the Send Routing Info for
GPRS Authentication Info
GPRS procedures.
Ensures that GGSNs can
obtain IP addresses of
the SGSN where a MS is
located.
Gb, Gn Session Management KPIs
Activate PDP
Context
of Activate PDP Context
procedures.
Ensures the user is able to
successfully create a GTP
tunnel to the internet/
intranet. Identifes
problems between the
requested APN and what
is allowed for a user.
Create PDP
Context
of Create PDP Context
procedures.
This measurement
ensures that the SGSN
and GGSN are successfully
generating a tunnel
through to the Internet/
intranet.
Deactivate PDP
Context
of Deactivate PDP Context
procedures.
This measurement
ensures that a tunnel is
being correctly cleared on
request.
Delete PDP
Context
of Delete PDP Context
procedures.
This measurement
ensures that a tunnel
between the SGSN and
GGSN is being correctly
cleared on request.
Modify PDP
Context
of Modify PDP Context
procedures.
This measurement
ensures that requests
to modify a tunnel are
successfully completed.
SM Status
Update
of SM Status Update
messages.
This measurement
provides a count of the
number of SM Status
messages sent by the user
and the network.
Create Secondary
PDP Context
of secondary Create PDP
Context procedures.
This measurement
ensures that the SGSN
and GGSN are successfully
generating a tunnel
through to the Internet/
intranet.
PDU Notifcation
Request
performance of the PDU
Notifcation procedures.
Ensures Contexts can
be established where
none exist on receipt of a
T-PDU.
PDU Notifcation
Reject
performance of the
PDU Notifcation reject
procedures.
Monitors failures to
establish PDP Contexts
following a PDU
Notifcation request.
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Network Support Services
RADIUS
Accounting-Start
performance of RADIUS
Accounting-Start
procedures.
Ensures that a query to
the RADIUS server to start
accounting is operational.
RADIUS
Accounting-Stop
Accounting-Stop
procedures.
the RADIUS server to stop
accounting is operational.
RADIUS Interim-
Update
The KPI monitors
the performance of
RADIUS Interim-Update
procedures.
Ensures that a query to the
RADIUS server to update the
subscribers accounting is
operational.
RADIUS On The KPI monitors the
On procedures.
the RADIUS server to turn
accounting ON for a GGSN is
operational.
RADIUS Of The KPI monitors the
Of procedures.
the RADIUS server to turn
accounting OFF for a GGSN
is operational.
RADIUS Unknown The KPI monitors the
unknown procedures.
RADIUS server is responding
to messages unknown to
QoS Analyzer.
DHCP Discover The KPI monitors the
performance of DHCP
Discover procedures.
Ensures that all DHCP servers
are operational and available
to provide IP addresses.
If this fails, users will not
be able to access internet
services.
DHCP Request The KPI monitors the
performance of DHCP
Request procedures.
DHCP servers responds
with an IP Address when
requested.
DHCP Release The KPI monitors the
performance of DHCP
Release procedures.
Ensures that IP addresses
provided by a DHCP server is
returned once used.
DHCP Inform The KPI monitors the
performance of DHCP
Inform procedures.
Identifes problems with
status update messages
from the GGSN or RADIUS
server to the DHCP server.
DNS-APN Lookup The KPI monitors
the performance of
DNS-APN Lookup
procedures.
APN translation from alpha-
numeric to an IP address.
LDAP KPIs
LDAP Bind The KPI monitors the
performance of the
Bind LDAP procedures.
Ensures successful
authentication of the LDAP
sessions.
LDAP Unbind The KPI monitors
the performance of
the unbind LDAP
procedure.
Monitors the volume of
Unbind procedures(Note:
only volume and absence
measurements are
supported for this test).
LDAP Modify The KPI monitors
the performance
of the modify LDAP
procedures.
Ensures that directory
entries are successful
modifed.
LDAP Add The KPI monitors the
performance of the Add
LDAP procedures.
entries are successfully
added.
LDAP Del The KPI monitors the
performance of the Del
LDAP procedures.
entries are successful
deleted.
LDAP Modify DNR The KPI monitors the
performance of the
Modify DNR LDAP
procedure.
entries are successful moved
or renamed.
LDAP Compare The KPI monitors
the performance of
the Compare LDAP
procedures.
Ensures that all Iu
connections and RABs are
successfully released on
request.
LDAP Extended The KPI monitors
the performance of
the Extended LDAP
procedures.
Ensures that operations can
be successfully be defned.
LDAP Abandon The KPI monitors
the performance of
the Abandon LDAP
procedures.
Ensures that requests can be
aborted.
LDAP
Intermediate
performance of the
Intermediate LDAP
procedures.
Monitors the volume of
Intermediate procedures
(Note: only volume and
absence measurements are
supported for this test).
LDAP Search The KPI monitors
the performance
of the Search LDAP
procedures.
Ensures successful search
and/or retrieval of entries.
Iu RANAP KPIs
Iu Release
(Command
Complete)
performance of the
Iu Release Command
procedures.
Ensures that all Iu
connections and RABs are
successfully released on
request.
Iu Release
(Request)
performance of the
Iu Release request
procedures.
the UTRAN due to high Iu
release requests.
Security Mode
Control
The KPI monitors
the performance of
the Security mode
command procedures.
Ensures that the UTRAN
is successfully receiving
cipher and integrity mode
information.
Reset The KPI monitors the
performance of the
Reset procedures.
Ensures that the UTRAN or
Core network is successfully
re-initialized after network
failure.
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Iu RANAP KPIs continued
Reset
Resource
performance of the Reset
Resource procedures.
Ensures that part of the
UTRAN is successfully
re-initialized in the event of an
abnormal failure in the core
network or vice versa.
Location
Related Data
performance of the
Location Related data
procedures.
Ensures Core Network can
retrieve assistance data from
the RNC or request the RNC
to deliver assistance data to
the UE.
Information
Transfer
performance of the
Location Related data
procedures.
Ensures that info can be
transferred from the RNC to
the core network.
RAB
Assignment
performance of the RAB
Assignment Request
procedures.
Ensures that the RABs is
established and/or modifed
and/or released as requested.
RAB
Modifcation
performance of the
RAB Modify request
procedures.
Identifes how often RAB
Modifcation requests are
received.
RAB Release The KPI monitors the
performance of the
RAB Release request
procedures.
Identifes the number of RAB
release requests from the
UTRAN.
Relocation
Preparation
performance of the
Relocation required
procedures.
Ensures the success of
handovers between SRNS as
users relocate.
Relocation
Resource
Allocation
performance of the
Relocation request
procedures.
Ensures that resources are
available on target RNCs
and ensures the success of
handovers between SRNS as
users relocate.
Relocation
Detect
performance of the
Relocation Detect
procedures.
Measures the number of SRNS
relocations seen by an RNC.
Relocation
Cancel
performance of the
Relocation cancel
procedures.
Ensures that the cancellation
of SRNS handovers is
successfully achieved.
Relocation
Complete
performance of the
Relocation Complete
procedures.
Measures the number of SRNS
relocations completed by an
RNC.
SRNS Context The KPI monitors the
performance of the
SRNS Context request
procedures.
Ensures that context is being
successfully transferred
to the target SRNS during
handovers.
SRNS Data
Forwarding
performance of the
SRNS Data Forwarding
Command procedures.
Ensures that the Core Network
is correctly updating the
UTRAN.
SRNS Context
Forwarding
performance of the SRNS
Context Forwarding
procedures.
Ensures that context is being
correctly passed around
the network to allow for
relocation of users .
CN Invoke
Trace
performance of the CN
Invoke Trace procedures.
Measures the number of CN
Invoke Trace procedures from
the core network to RNC to
produce a trace record.
CN Deactivate
Trace
performance of the
CN Deactivate Trace
procedures.
Measures the number of CN
Deactivate Trace procedures
invoked by the core network.
Location
Reporting
Control
performance of the
Location Reporting
Control procedures.
Measures the number of
Location Reporting Control
procedures invoked by the
core network to request
information on the location
of a UE.
Location
Report
The KPI monitors
the performance of
the Location Report
procedures.
Location Report procedures
sent by the RNC to the core
network to provide the
location if an UE.
Paging The KPI monitors
the performance of
the Paging request
procedures.
Paging requests between the
CN and UTRAN.
Initial UE
Message
performance of the Initial
UE Message procedures.
Measures number of
connections initiated
between the RNC and core
network.
Data Volume
Report
performance of the
Data Volume Report
procedures.
Ensures Core network has
accurate knowledge of
unsuccessfully transmitted
DL data volume for specifc
RABs.
Direct Transfer The KPI monitors
the performance of
the Direct Transfer
procedures.
Measures number of Direct
transfer messages between
Core Network and RNC.
Common ID The KPI monitors the
performance of the
Common ID procedures.
Measures the number of NAS
UE Identity updates sent by
the core network.
Overload
Control
performance of the
Overload procedures.
Monitors the number of
Overload messages sent
and identifes network
bottlenecks.
Error
Indication
performance of the Error
Indication procedures.
Monitors the number of Error
Indication messages sent and
identifes potential signaling
problems with received
messages.
UE Specifc
Information
performance of the UE
Specifc Information
UE Specifc Info Indication
messages sent in the
network.
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IuPS Mobility Management KPIs
P-TMSI
Reallocation
procedures.
Ensures that the network
is successfully allocating/
updating P-TMSI and RAI
to users outside the RAU
procedure.
Service
Request
performance of Service
Request procedures on
the IuPS interface.
Ensures that the requested
services (e.g., SMS) are
successfully established.
Authentication
and Ciphering
Request procedures.
Ensures that the UE is able
to authenticate and use
services.
IuPS Session Management KPIs
Activate
Secondary PDP
Context
Request procedures.
Ensures the user can create a
secondary GTP tunnel to the
internet.
Activate PDP
Context
performance of Activate
PDP Context procedures.
Ensures the user can create
GTP tunnel to the internet.
Identifes problems between
requested APN and what
user is allowed.
Deactivate PDP
Context
The KPI monitors
the performance of
Deactivate PDP Context
procedures.
This measurement ensures
that a tunnel is being
correctly cleared on request.
Modify PDP
Context
performance of Modify
PDP Context procedures.
that requests to modify
a tunnel are successfully
completed.
IuCS Call Control KPIs
Call Setup The KPI monitors the
performance of the Call
Setup procedures.
Ensures calls are successfully
being established between
the MS and the network.
Call Release The measurement
monitors the
performance of the Call
Release procedure.
Ensures calls cleared
between MS and network
and network resources freed
up.
Facility The KPI monitors the
performance of the
Facility procedures.
supplementary service being
requested.
Modifcation The KPI monitors the
performance of the
Modify procedures.
Ensures that bearer
capabilities are modifed
successfully.
Hold The KPI monitors the
performance of the Hold
procedures.
Ensures that calls are
successfully put on hold when
requested to by the MS.
Retrieve The KPI monitors the
performance of the
Retrieve procedures.
Ensures that calls are
successfully retrieved when
requested to by the MS.
Start DTMF The KPI monitors the
performance of the Start
DTMF procedures.
Ensures requests by MS to
network to reconvert digits
to DTMF tone are successful.
Stop DTMF The KPI monitors the
performance of the Stop
DTMF procedures.
Ensures requests by the MS
to the network to stop DTMF
tone are successful.
Congestion
Control
performance of the
Congestion Control
procedures.
Measures the number
of Congestion Control
messages used to control
fow of User Info.
User
Information
performance of the User
Information procedures.
User-to-User info being sent
between remote users.
Status The KPI monitors
the performance of
the Status Enquiry
procedures.
Ensures reports requested by
network to MS during a call
are responded successfully.
IuCS Mobility KPIs
Location
Updating
performance of the
Locating Update Request
procedures.
Ensures the MS successfully
updates its location towards
the network.
Authentication The KPI monitors the
performance of the
Authentication Request
procedures.
Ensures the MS is successfully
authenticated with the
network.
Identity
Request
The KPI monitors
the performance of
the Identity Request
procedures.
Ensures requested mobile
identities are successfully
sent back to the network.
TMSI
Reallocation
performance of the TMSI
Reallocation procedures.
Ensures temporary identities
over the radio interface are
successfully reallocated
when requested to do so by
the network.
CM Service The KPI monitors the
performance of the
CM Service request
procedures.
Ensures requested services
from the MS are successfully
activated by the network.
CM
Re-Establish
performance of the CM
Re-establishment request
procedures.
Ensures requested
services from the MS are
re-established by the
network.
MM
Information
performance of the MM
Information procedures.
Measures the volume of MM
Information messages.
MM Status The KPI monitors the
Status procedures.
Status messages.
MM Null The KPI monitors the
Status procedures.
Null messages.
IMSI Detach The KPI monitors the
performance of the
IMSI Detach Indication
procedures.
Measures the volume of IMSI
detaches made by the MS to
the network.
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IuCS Mobility KPIs continued
Gn GTP KPIs
Echo Monitor the performance
of Echo request
procedures.
connections between the
network elements are in
place.
Error Indication The KPI monitors the
performance of the Error
Error Indication messages
sent and identifes issues
where network elements
are out of alignment.
Failure Report The KPI monitors the
performance of the Failure
Report procedures.
made aware of problems
with an MS.
Note MSGPRS
Present
performance of the
Note MS GPRS Present
procedures.
Ensures the GGSN are being
updated and that an MS is
reachable by GPRS.
RAN
Information
Relay
performance of the
RAN Information Relay
procedures.
Ensures RAN information
is passed from the SGSN to
the GGSN.
Support
Extension
Headers
Notifcation
performance of the
Support Extension Headers
Ensures that SGSNs are
updated with the list
of Extension Headers
supported by the identifed
IP address
Version Not
Supported
performance of the
Version Not Supported
procedures.
Ensures that the GTP entity
is aware of the supported
GTP versions of other
entities.
MAP Call Handling KPIs
Send Routing
Information
The KPI monitors
performance of the Send
Routing Information
procedure.
Ensures that GMSCs are
communicating properly
with HLR to route calls
correctly.
Provide
Roaming
Number
The KPI monitors
performance of the
Provide Roaming Number
procedure.
Ensures that HLR is
receiving roaming numbers
from the MSCs when
required.
Resume Call
Handling
The KPI monitors
performance of the
Resume Call Handling
procedure.
Ensures that GMSC is
responding to request
from VMSC to resume call
handling.
Prepare Group
Call
The KPI monitors
performance of the Prepare
Group Call procedure.
Ensures that relay MSC is
responding correctly for a
group call set-up.
Process Group
Call Signaling
The KPI monitors
performance of the Process
Group Call Signaling
procedure.
providing uplink status
updates to anchor MSC.
Forward Group
Call Signaling
The KPI monitors
performance of the
Forward Group Call
Signaling procedure.
Ensures that anchor MSC
is informing relay MSC of
group call notifcations.
Send Group Call
End Signal
The KPI monitors
Group Call End Signal
procedure.
being informed to release
group call resources as
required.
Provide (Shared
Interworking
Function Server)
SIWFS Number
The KPI monitors
performance of the Provide
SIWFS Number procedure.
Ensures that Interworking
Unit (IWU) resources
are being allocated on
request.
SIWFS Signaling
Modify
The KPI monitors
performance of the
SIWFS Signaling Modify
procedure.
Ensures that assigned
resources are modifed
when required.
Set Reporting
State
The KPI monitors
performance of the
Set Reporting State
procedure.
Ensures that the MSC / VLR
is starting / stopping report
generation as requested.
Status Report The KPI monitors
performance of the Status
Report procedure.
Ensures that the MSC / VLR
is forwarding reports to
the HLR.
Remote User
Free
The KPI monitors
performance of the
Remote User Free
procedure.
Ensures that HLR is
updating MSC on status of
the B subscriber, to allow
recall.
(Intermediate
Service
Termination) IST
Alert
The KPI monitors
performance of the IST
Alert procedure.
Ensures that MSC is
informing HLR when the IST
timers expire.
IST Command The KPI monitors
performance of the IST
Command procedure.
Ensures VMSC / GMSC are
responding to HLRs request
to terminate a call.
MAP Location Management KPIs
Update
Location
The KPI monitors
performance of the Update
Location procedure.
Ensures that MSC / VLR
are updating HLRs with
subscribers correct
location.
Purge MS The KPI monitors
performance of the Purge
MS procedure.
Ensures that HLR is
responding to request from
the MSC / SGSN.
MAP SMS KPIs
Send Routing
Info For SM
The KPI monitors
Routing Info For SM
procedure.
Ensures that GMSC can
route short messages to the
correct MSC.
MO Forward
Short Message
The KPI monitors
performance of the MO
Forward Short Message
procedure.
Ensures that MO SMS
messages are forwarded
from MSC / SGSN correctly.
MT Forward
Short Message
The KPI monitors
performance of the MT
Forward Short Message
procedure.
Ensures that MT SMS
messages are forwarded to
MSC / SGSN correctly.
Report SM
Delivery Status
The KPI monitors
performance of the
Report SM Delivery Status
procedure.
Ensures that HLR is being
updated with status of SMS
delivery when required.
Ready For SM The KPI monitors
performance of the Ready
for SM procedure.
Ensures that HLR is notifed
when it is possible to send
SMS to a subscriber.
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MAP SMS KPIs continued
Alert Service
Centre
The KPI monitors
performance of the Alert
Service Centre procedure.
Ensures that IWMSC
is notifed when it is
possible to send SMS to
subscriber.
Inform Service
Centre
The KPI monitors
performance of the Inform
Service Centre procedure.
Ensures that HLR is
updating service centre
with status of MWI.
MAP Handover KPIs
Prepare Handover The KPI monitors
performance of the
Prepare Handover
procedure.
Ensures that MSCs are
responding correctly to
handover requests.
Send End Signal The KPI monitors
End Signal procedure.
Ensures that MSC-B is
allocating, and MSC-A
clearing, resources at
handovers.
Forward Access
Signaling
The KPI monitors
performance of the
Forward Access Signaling
procedure.
Ensures that MSC-A
is forwarding info to
MSC-B.
Prepare Subsequent
Handover
The KPI monitors
performance of the
Prepare Subsequent
Handover procedure.
Ensures that
subsequent handovers
are successfully set up.
MAP Network Requested PDP Context Activation Services KPIs
Send Routing Info
For GPRS
The KPI monitors
Routing Info For GPRS
procedure.
providing the requested
routing info.
Failure Report The KPI monitors
performance of the Failure
Report procedure.
Ensures that the HLR
is being informed of
PDP Context Activation
failures.
Note MS Present For
GPRS
The KPI monitors
performance of the Note
MS Present For GPRS
procedure.
Ensures that GGSN is
updated when a MS
becomes available to
receive GPRS.
MAP Subscriber Management Services KPIs
Insert Subscriber
Data
The KPI monitors
performance of the
Insert Subscriber Data
procedure.
Ensures that MSC and
SGSN are updating
users profle when
requested.
Delete Subscriber
Data
The KPI monitors
performance of the
Delete Subscriber Data
procedure.
Ensures that MSC and
SGSN are updating
users profle when
requested.
MAP Supplementary Services (SS) KPIs
Register SS The KPI monitors
performance of the
Register SS procedure.
Ensures HLR responds
correctly to the MSC/
VLR data update
associated with SS.
Erase SS The KPI monitors
performance of the Erase
SS procedure.
Ensures HLR responds
correctly to the MSC/
VLR data update
associated with SS.
Activate SS The KPI monitors
performance of the
Activate SS procedure.
Ensures that HLR
is responding to
subscribers request to
access a SS.
Deactivate SS The KPI monitors
performance of the
Deactivate SS procedure.
Ensures HLR is
to deactivate a SS.
Interrogate SS The KPI monitors
performance of the
Interrogate SS procedure.
Ensures that HLR is
responding to requests
for info on the SS.
Register Password The KPI monitors
performance of the
Register Password
procedure.
Ensures that the new
password is successfully
updated at the HLR.
Get Password The KPI monitors
performance of the Get
Password procedure.
Ensures that the MSC is
responding to the HLRs
request for a password.
Process
Unstructured SS
The KPI monitors
performance of the
Process Unstructured SS
procedure.
Ensures that HLR
responds to the request
to allow unstructured SS
operation.
Unstructured SS
Request
The KPI monitors
performance of the
Unstructured SS Request
procedure.
Ensures that MSC is
responding to the HLR
request for unstructured
SS info.
Unstructured SS
Notify
The KPI monitors
performance of the
Unstructured SS Notify
procedure.
Ensures that MSC is
responding to the HLR
request for unstructured
SS info.
SS Invocation
Notify
The KPI monitors
performance of the
SS Invocation Notify
procedure.
Ensures that gsmSCF is
responding to the MSC
request for specifc SSs.
Register CC (Call
Completion) Entry
The KPI monitors
performance of the
Register CC Entry
procedure.
Ensures that HLR
responds to MSC/VLR
request to register for a
CC SS.
Erase CC (Call
Completion) Entry
The KPI monitors
performance of the Erase
CC Entry procedure.
Ensures that HLR
responds to MSC/VLR
request to erase CC SS
info.
MAP Location Service Management (LCS) KPIs
Send Routing Info
for LCS
The KPI monitors
Routing Info for LCS
procedure.
Ensures that HLR is
providing routing info
to Gateway Mobile
Location Centre
(GMLC).
Provide Subscriber
Location
The KPI monitors
performance of the
Provide Subscriber
Location procedure.
Ensures that GMLC
is requesting routing
info from visited MSC/
SGSN.
Subscriber Location
Report
The KPI monitors
performance of the
Subscriber Location
Report procedure.
Ensures that visited
MSC/SGSN is providing
routing info to GMLC.
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MAP Subscriber Information Services KPIs
Any Time
Interrogation
The KPI monitors
performance of the Any Time
Interrogation procedure.
Ensures that gsmSCF
is being provided info
on subscriber state by
HLR / GMLC.
Provide Subscriber
Info
The KPI monitors
performance of the Provide
Subscriber Info procedure.
Ensures that VLR is
responding to HLRs
request for subscriber
state and location.
Any Time
Subscription
Interrogation
The KPI monitors
Subscription Interrogation
procedure.
Ensures that HLR
is responding to
gsmSCF request for
subscription info.
Any Time
Modifcation
The KPI monitors
Modifcation procedure.
Ensures that HLR is
that subscriber data is
modifed.
Note Subscriber
Data Modifed
The KPI monitors
performance of the Note
Subscriber Data Modifed
procedure.
Ensures that HLR is
that subscriber data is
modifed.
MAP Operation and Maintenance Services KPIs
Activate Trace
Mode
The KPI monitors
performance of the Activate
Trace Mode procedure.
Ensures that VLR /
SGSN respond to the
HLR activate trace
request.
De-activate Trace
Mode
The KPI monitors
performance of the
De-activate Trace Mode
procedure.
Ensures that VLR /
SGSN respond to the
HLR de-activate trace
request.
MAP Fault Recovery Services KPIs
Reset The KPI monitors
performance of the Reset
procedure.
Measures the number
of Resets sent by an
HLR after an outage.
Forward Check SS
Indication
The KPI monitors
performance of the Forward
Check SS Indication
procedure.
Measures the number
HLR informs to MS of
SS parameters being
altered.
Restore Data The KPI monitors
performance of the Restore
Data procedure.
Ensures that HLR
is responding to
MSC / VLR update to
Local Mobile Station
Identity.
A Interface BSSMAP KPIs
Handover The KPI monitors
performance of the
Handover procedure.
Measures the success
of the handover
request message.
Ciphering The KPI monitors
performance of the
Ciphering procedure.
Measures success
of the ciphering
procedure.
Paging The KPI monitors
performance of the Paging
procedure.
Measures success
of the paging
procedure.
Assignment The KPI monitors
performance of the
Assignment procedure.
Measures success
of the assignment
procedure.
Clear Request The KPI monitors
performance of the Clear
Request procedure.
Measures success
of the clear request
procedure.
Clear Command The KPI monitors
performance of the Clear
Command procedure.
Measures success of
the clear command
procedure.
A Interface - DTAP KPIs
MO Average Call
Length
Time from Connect to
Release.
Measures mobile-
originated call
performance.
MO Call
Attempts
Number of calls. Measures mobile-
originated call
performance.
MO Call
Completion
Calls with normal releases
(success).
Call with abnormal releases
(error).
Measures mobile-
originated call
performance.
MO Answer To
Seizure
Address complete with
answer (success).
Address complete with no
answer (error).
Measures mobile-
originated call
performance.
MO Drop Call
Rate
Answered calls with
abnormal releases.
Measures mobile-
originated call
performance.
MO Post Dial
Delay
Time from DTAP Setup to
DTAP alerting.
(Equivalent to IAM ACM in
ISUP).
Measures mobile-
originated call
performance.
MO Termination
To Seizure
Call attempts (Setup) with
ringing (Alerting).
Measures mobile-
originated call
performance.
MT Average Call
Length
Time from Connect to
Release.
Measures mobile
terminated call
performance.
MT Call Attempts Number of calls. Measures mobile
terminated call
performance.
MT Call
Completion
Calls with normal releases
(success).
Call with abnormal releases
(error).
Measures mobile
terminated call
performance.
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A Interface - DTAP KPIs continued
MT Answer To
Seizure
Address complete with
answer (success).
Address complete with no
answer (error).
Measures mobile
terminated call
performance.
MT Drop Call Rate Answered calls with
abnormal releases.
Measures mobile
terminated call
performance.
MT Post Dial Delay Time from DTAP Setup to
DTAP alerting.
(Equivalent to IAM ACM
in ISUP).
Measures mobile
terminated call
performance.
MT Termination To
Seizure
Call attempts (Setup) with
ringing (Alerting).
Measures mobile-
terminated call
performance.
SMS MO The KPI monitors
mobile originated SMS
performance.
of the SMS CP-DATA
in relation to SMS
CP-ERROR messages.
SMS MT The KPI monitors
mobile terminated SMS
performance.
of the SMS CP-DATA
in relation to SMS
CP-ERROR messages.
MM (Mobility
Management)
Location Update
The KPI monitors
performance of the
MM Location Update
procedure.
of the location update
request.
Authentication The KPI monitors
performance of the
Authentication procedure.
of the authentication
procedure.
CM Service Request The KPI monitors
performance of the CM
Service Request procedure.
of the CM service
request procedure.
ISDN User Part (ISUP) Measurements
The ISUP defnes the protocol and procedures used to set up, manage,
and release trunk circuits carrying voice and data calls over the public
switched telephone network (PSTN). ISUP is used for both ISDN and
non-ISDN calls. The QoSA measurement set monitors the performance
of calls originating and terminating at specifed ISUP nodes.
For volume-based ISUP KPIs, the following measurements are provided:
Volume
Error volume
Success volume
Error rate
Success rate
Absence
KPI Defnition of KPI
ISUP KPIs
Call Attempts Measures the volume and absence of Call Attempts per
measurement interval.
Call Completion Measures calls for which call attempts were made that is,
though the IAM was sent to the destination switch, the
call was not successfully completed.
Termination To
Seizure
Measures calls for which call attempts were made that is,
though the IAM was received at the destination switch,
the ACM message was not sent to the originating switch
that is, there was no ring or a busy tone.
Answer To
Seizure
Measures ACM messages sent to the originating
switch for which no ANM message was received at the
originating switch.
Answer To Bid Measures call attempts made that is, IAM was sent to the
destination switch with no ANM message received at the
originating switch.
Drop Call Measures answered calls, where the called party answers
call, and call status is OK or FAIL.
Post Dial Delay Measures the time interval between punching in the
last digit of a telephone number and receiving a ring
or a busy signal. The time interval from Initial Address
Message (IAM) to Address Complete Message (ACM).
Post Gateway
Answer Delay
Measures the time interval between an Initial Address
Message (IAM) and Answer Message (ANM).
Call Answer
Time
Measures the time interval between an Address
Complete Message (ACM) and Answer Message (ANM).
Call Release
Time
Measures the time interval between a Release Message
(REL) and Release Message Complete (RLC).
Call Duration Measures the time interval between the Initial Address
Message (IAM) and Release Message (REL).
Network
Efciency
Release
Measures the ratio that eliminates user behavior as a
factor in an error calculation and represents pure network
performance. It is calculated as:( (Answers + User errors)/
Total call attempts (seizures) ) * 100
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Intelligent Network Application Part (INAP) Measurements
The INAP is a signaling protocol used in the intelligent network (IN)
architecture. It provides the logic for controlling telecommunication
services migrated from traditional switching points to computer-based
service independent platforms. The QoSA measurement set provides
measures to cover the following areas:
the performance of INAP operations originating or terminating at a
specifed node for a selected service key
the performance of nodes receiving or transmitting a particular INAP
operation for a selected service key ISDN.
INAP KPIs
Monitors the INAP operations received or transmitted from a
MSC / MSC-S / SSP to a SCP for a selected service.
Monitors the time required to invoke an INAP operation on a
MSC / MSC-S / SSP / SCP for a selected service.
Identifes and extracts the detailed information about all the
INAP operations transmitted or received by a MSC / MSC-S /
SSP / SCP for a selected service key.
Identifes and extracts the detailed information about all the
MSC / MSC-S / SSP / SCP nodes transmitting or receiving an
INAP operation for a selected service key.
Identifes and extracts the detailed information about the
error causes (if any) and the called party numbers along with
corresponding service key and point code.
Directional Measurements
These measurements identify the entity that initiated a PDP context
procedure: UE, SGSN, or GGSN.
Three procedures are analysed to provide deactivation directional
measurements:
Detach
Deactivate PDP context
Delete PDP context
Two procedures are analysed to provide modifcation directional
measurements:
Update PDP context
Modify PDP context
KPI Defnition of KPI Resolution
Network-Initiated Detach Ratio
An increase in the number of Detach Procedures from a particular SGSN
would suggest a problem in the network and potentially customer
satisfaction problems.
Total Detach
Volume
Total number of Detach TDRs where
the source or destination address is
the SGSN
SGSN
Network Initiated
Detach Volume
Total number of Detach TDRs where
the source address of the REQUEST is
the SGSN
SGSN
Network Initiated
Detach Ratio
Network-initiated Detach Volume/
Total Volume
SGSN
Subscriber-Initiated PDP Context Deactivation Ratio
Determine number of subscriber-initiated deactivations that occur in the
network (per NE) and the subsequent impact on other NEs.
Total Deactivate
PDP Context
Volume
Total number of Deactivate PDP
Context TDRs where source or
destination address is SGSN
SGSN
Subscriber Initiated
Deactivate PDP
Context Volume
Context TDRs where destination
address of REQUEST is SGSN
SGSN
Deactivate PDP
Context Ratio
Subscriber-initiated Deactivate PDP
Context Volume/Total Deactivate PDP
Context Volume
SGSN
Total Delete PDP
Context Volume
Total number of Delete PDP Context
TDRs where source or destination
address is SGSN
SGSN
Delete PDP Context
Volume
TDRs where the source address of the
REQUEST is the SGSN
SGSN
Delete PDP Context
Ratio
Subscriber-initiated Delete PDP
Context Volume /Total Delete PDP
Context Volume
SGSN
Total Delete PDP
Context Volume
address is GGSN
GGSN
Delete PDP Context
Volume
TDRs where destination address of
REQUEST is the GGSN
GGSN
Delete PDP Context
Ratio
Subscriber-initiated Delete PDP
Context Volume/Total Delete PDP
Context Volume
GGSN
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SGSN-Initiated PDP Context Deactivation Ratio
Provide indication of the number of SGSN-initiated deactivations and the ratio of
SGSN-initiated in comparison to the total number of deactivations. Normal SGSN
deactivations shall occur but a spike in the number may indicate that the network
has reached capacity and must teardown connections to meet demand.
Total Deactivate
PDP Context
Volume
Context TDRs where source or
destination address is SGSN
SGSN
Network Initiated
Deactivate PDP
Context Volume
Context TDRs where source address of
REQUEST is the SGSN
SGSN
Network Initiated
Deactivate PDP
Context Error
Volume
Context TDRs where source address of
REQUEST is the SGSN and RESPONSE
indicates procedure has failed
SGSN
Network Initiated
Deactivate PDP
Context Ratio
Network-initiated Deactivate PDP
Context Volume/Total Deactivate PDP
Context Volume
SGSN
Network Initiated
Deactivate PDP
Context Failure
Ratio
Network-initiated Deactivate PDP
Context Error Volume/Network-
initiated Deactivate PDP Context
Volume
SGSN
GGSN-Initiated PDP Context Deletion Failure Ratio
Spike in number of GGSN deletions/deactivations may indicate network at
capacity and tearing down connections to meet demand.
Total Delete PDP
Context Volume
TDRs where the source or destination
address is GGSN
GGSN
GGSN Initiated
Delete PDP Context
Volume
REQUEST is the GGSN
GGSN
GGSN Initiated
Delete PDP Context
Error Volume
TDRs where source address of
REQUEST is the GGSN and RESPONSE
GGSN
GGSN Initiated
Delete PDP Context
Ratio
GGSN-initiated Delete PDP Context
Volume/Total Delete PDP Context
Volume
GGSN
GGSN Initiated
Delete PDP Context
Failure Ratio
GGSN-initiated Delete PDP Context
Error Volume/GGSN-initiated Delete
PDP Context Volume
GGSN
UE-Initiated PDP Context Modifcation Procedure Failure Ratio
Provide an indication of the number of modifcations requested from the UE /
subscriber and the associated failure ratio.
Total Modify PDP
Context Volume
Total Number of Modify PDP Context
address is SGSN
SGSN
UE Initiated
Modify PDP
Context Volume
Total number of Modify PDP Context
REQUEST is SGSN
SGSN
UE Initiated
Modify PDP
Context Error
Volume
REQUEST is SGSN and RESPONSE
SGSN
UE Initiated
Modify PDP
Context Ratio
UE-initiated Modify PDP Context
Volume/Total Modify PDP Context
Volume
SGSN
UE Initiated
Modify PDP
Context Failure
Ratio
UE-initiated Modify PDP Context Error
Volume /UE-initiated Modify PDP
Context Volume
SGSN
SGSN-Initiated PDP Context Modifcation Procedure Failure Ratio
Provide an indication of the number of modifcations requested from the
SGSN and the associated failure ratio.
Total Modify PDP
Context Volume
Total Number of Modify PDP Context
address is SGSN
SGSN
SGSN Initiated
Modify PDP
Context Volume
TDRs where source address of REQUEST
is the SGSN
SGSN
SGSN Initiated
Modify PDP
Context Error
Volume
TDRs where source address of REQUEST is
SGSN and RESPONSE indicates procedure
has failed
SGSN
SGSN Initiated
Modify PDP
Context Ratio
SGSN-initiated Modify PDP Context
Volume/Total Modify PDP Context
Volume
SGSN
SGSN Initiated
Modify PDP
Context Failure
Ratio
SGSN-initiated Modify PDP Context
Error Volume/SGSN Initiated Modify PDP
Context Volume
SGSN
Total Update PDP
Context Volume
Total number of Update PDP Context
address is SGSN
SGSN
SGSN Initiated
Update PDP
Context Volume
is the SGSN
SGSN
SGSN Initiated
Update PDP
Context Error
Volume
TDRs where source address of REQUEST is
SGSN and RESPONSE indicates procedure
has failed
SGSN
SGSN Initiated
Update PDP
Context Ratio
SGSN-initiated Update PDP Context
Volume/Total Update PDP Context
Volume
SGSN
SGSN Initiated
Update PDP
Context Failure
Ratio
SGSN-initiated Update PDP Context Error
Volume/SGSN-initiated Update PDP
Context Volume
SGSN
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GGSN-Initiated PDP Context Modifcation Failure Ratio
Updates from the GGSN generally indicate the QoS parameter for a particular
context is to be altered. Important to understand the frequency and
occurrence of this and whether the procedure is successful or not.
Total Update PDP
Context Volume
TDRs where the source or destination
address is the GGSN
GGSN
GGSN Initiated
Update PDP
Context Volume
REQUEST is the GGSN
GGSN
GGSN Initiated
Update PDP
Context Error
Volume
is GGSN and RESPONSE indicates
procedure has failed
GGSN
GGSN Initiated
Update PDP
Context Ratio
GGSN-initiated Update PDP Context
Volume /Total Update PDP Context
Volume
GGSN
GPRS PDP Context Cut-Of Ratio
GPRS PDP
Context Cut-Of
Ratio
(Total number of SGSN-initiated PDP
Context Deactivations)/(Success Volume
of Activate PDP Context Requests)
Identify
NEs at max
number
of active
contexts
Traffic Class Measurements
All of the KPIs described in this section identify when the network is
having a problem providing the requested trafc class.
Trafc Class PDP Context Ratio
Measure the ratio of PDP contexts for each trafc class (Conversational,
Streaming, Interactive, Background) compared to the total number of PDP
contexts.
For each SGSN, measurements shall be made against the Activate PDP
Context and the Create PDP Context.
For each GGSN, measurements shall be made against the Create PDP
Context.
For each APN, measurements shall be made against the Activate PDP
Trafc Class shall be determined from the QoS Profle.
Total Create PDP Context
Volume
Total number of Create PDP
Context TDRs
SGSN, GGSN,
APN
Total Activate PDP Context
Volume
Total number of Activate PDP
Context TDRs
SGSN, APN
Volume per Trafc Class
Context TDRs per Trafc Class
SGSN, GGSN,
APN
Ratio of Total Create PDP
Context to Create PDP
Context for each Trafc
Class
Volume per Trafc Class /Total
Create PDP Context Volume
SGSN, GGSN,
APN
SGSN, APN
Ratio of Total Activate PDP
Context to Activate PDP
Context for each Trafc
Class
Volume per Trafc Class /Total
Activate PDP Context Volume
SGSN, APN
Percentage of Admission Control Activity toward Trafc Class PDP Context
Activation Requests
Measure the percentage of PDP contexts for each trafc class (Conversational,
Streaming, Interactive, Background) rejected at the SGSN.
Context.
Trafc Class shall be determined from the negotiated QoS Profle.
SGSN
Volume rejected due to
Admission Control for
Activate PDP Contexts for
each Trafc Class
where Requested is rejected due
to Admission Control
SGSN
Percentage rejected due
to Admission Control for
each Trafc Class
(Volume rejected due to
Admission Control for Activate
PDP Contexts for each Trafc
Class)/(Total Activate PDP
Context Volume per Trafc Class)
x 100
SGSN
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Percentage of PDP Context Creation Rejections for Trafc Class due to
Admission Control
Measure the % of PDP contexts for each trafc class (Conversational,
Streaming, Interactive, Background) rejected at the GGSN.
Context.
Trafc Class shall be determined from the negotiated QoS Profle.
per GGSN
GGSN
Volume rejected due to
Admission Control for
Create PDP Contexts for
each Trafc Class
where Requested is rejected due
to Admission Control
GGSN
Percentage rejected due
to Admission Control for
each Trafc Class
(Volume rejected due to
Admission Control for Create
Class)/(Total Create PDP Context
Volume per Trafc Class) x 100
GGSN
Percentage of Downgraded Trafc Class PDP Contexts
Measure the percentage of PDP contexts for each trafc class (Conversational,
Streaming, Interactive, Background) downgraded.
Context.
For each APN, measurements shall be made against the Activate PDP
Trafc Class shall be determined from the QoS Profle.
Whether a downgrade has occurred shall be determined by comparing
the QoS Profle in the REQUEST with the QoS Profle returned in the
RESPONSE.
If requested QoS (REQUEST) is diferent from the negotiated QoS
(RESPONSE) this shall be treated as a downgrade.
SGSN, GGSN,
APN
Volume of Downgraded
each Trafc Class
where the Requested QoS does
not equal the Negotiated QoS
SGSN, GGSN,
APN
% Downgraded Create
PDP Contexts for each
Trafc Class
(Volume of downgraded Create
Class)/(Total Create PDP Context
Volume per Trafc Class) x 100
SGSN, GGSN,
APN
SGSN, RNC,
APN
each Trafc Class
where the Requested QoS does
not equal the Negotiated QoS
SGSN, RNC,
APN
% Downgraded Activate
Trafc Class
(Volume of downgraded
Activate PDP Contexts for each
Trafc Class)/(Total Activate PDP
x 100
SGSN, RNC,
APN
Total Update PDP Context
Total number of Update PDP
SGSN, GGSN,
APN
Update PDP Contexts for
each Trafc Class
Total number of Update PDP
where Requested QoS not equal
to Negotiated QoS
SGSN, GGSN,
APN
% Downgraded Update
Trafc Class
(Volume of downgraded
Update PDP Contexts for each
Trafc Class)/(Total Update PDP
x 100
SGSN, GGSN,
APN
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Service Measurements
All of the KPIs described in this section identify service issues. The
following measurements are provided for upload/download packets,
upload/download octets, and service activation:
Volume
Error volume
Success volume
Error rate
Success rate
Absence
Service KPIs (SMTP, POP3, HTTP, WSP, RTSP)
Upload
Packets
This KPI monitors the
performance of the
upload packets.
These measurements indicate
data volume, retransmitted or
packets delivered out of order,
and jitter.
Download
Packets
performance of the
download packets.
and jitter.
Upload
Octets
performance of the
upload octets.
and jitter.
Download
Octets
performance of the
download octets.
and jitter.
Service
Activation
This KPI measures the
service activations.
and service response time.
Throughput Measures the uplink and
downlink throughput.
Identifes problems with the
uplink and downlink data
throughput for a service.
Variance Measures the Variance
for a service.
This measurement details the
networks ability to provide
a user with the requested
bandwidth.
MMS KPIs
Connect Monitors performance
of Connect WSP
method.
Ensures that MMS-related
WSP sessions are able to be
established.
Connect
Reply
Monitors performance
of Connect Reply WSP
method.
established.
Redirect Monitors performance
of Redirect WSP
method.
redirected.
Disconnect Monitors performance
of Disconnect WSP
method.
disconnected.
Reply Monitors performance
of Reply WSP method.
Ensures that users are able to
receive MMS.
Suspend Monitors performance
of Suspend WSP
method.
Ensures that MMS related
suspended.
Resume Monitors performance
of Resume WSP
method.
Ensures that MMS related
resumed.
Get Monitors the
performance of the Get
WSP method.
receive MMS.
Post Monitors performance
of Post WSP method.
send MMS.
Data
Fragment
Monitors the
performance of the Data
Fragment WSP method.
Ensures that large data transfers
can be completed successfully.
Push Monitors performance
of Push WSP method.
Ensures the success of WSP Push
method.
Confrmed
Push
Monitors performance
of Confrmed Push WSP
method.
Ensures the success of WSP
Confrmed Push method.
1. For the four supported protocols, QoS Analyzer will provide details of the
application layer errors, and will only report GTP, TCP, or UDP errors for the
unknown protocols.
2. The measurements above apply to confgured services. The Service
Discovery Interface (SDI) provides the operator with a powerful
confguration tool that allows individual services carried in the User Data
plane to be built into the operators service model. The SDI has the following
confgurable felds: APN: IP Address (ASP server): Port # (on server): URL/URI
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Mobile Soft Switch (MSS) Measurements
The following KPIs confrm the correct operation of an MSS network
architecture. Enabling voice services to be carried over an IP-based core
network, the MSS architecture introduces new NEs (mobile soft switch
server - MSC-S or media gateway controller - MGC, media gateway
- MG), new interfaces (Mc, Nc) and new protocols (gateway control
protocol - GCP, bearer independent call control - BICC, session initiation
protocol with encapsulated ISUP - SIP-I).
For volume-based MSS KPIs, the following measurements are provided:
Volume
Error volume
Success volume
Error rate
Success rate
Absence
Average response time (GCP KPIs only)
Average transaction Time (GCP KPIs only)
Mc Interface, GCP KPIs
GCP addresses the relationship between the Media Gateway, which converts
circuit-switched voice to packet-based trafc, and the Media Gateway
Controller or soft-switch, which dictates the service logic of that trafc. GCP
instructs an MG to connect streams coming from outside a packet or cell
data network onto a packet or cell stream such as the Real-Time Transport
Protocol (RTP). There are two basic components in GCP: terminations and
contexts. Terminations represent streams entering or leaving the MG (for
example, analog telephone lines, RTP streams, or MP3 streams). Terminations
may be placed into contexts, which are defned as when two or more
termination streams are mixed and connected together. Contexts are created
and released by the MG under command of the MGC. A context is created
by adding the frst termination, and it is released by subtracting the last
termination. GCP uses a series of commands to manipulate terminations,
contexts, events, and signals.
ADD Monitors performance of the
ADD command which adds a
termination to a context.
MODIFY Monitors the performance of the
MODIFY command which is used to
modify the properties, events, and
signals of a termination.
SUBTRACT Monitors performance of the
SUBTRACT command which
disconnects a termination from its
context and returns statistics on the
terminations participation in the
context.
MOVE Monitors performance of the MOVE
command which atomically moves
a termination to another context.
NOTIFY Monitors performance of the
NOTIFY command which allows
the MG to inform the MGC of the
occurrence of events in the MG.
SERVICECHANGE
- SERVICECHANGEBYGRACEFUL
- SERVICECHANGEBYFORCED
- SERVICECHANGEBYRESTART
- SERVICECHANGEBYDISCONNECTED
- SERVICECHANGEBYHANDOFF
- SERVICECHANGEBYFAILOVER
Monitors performance of the
SERVICECHANGE commands.
The ServiceChange command
allows the Media Gateway
to notify the Media Gateway
Controller that a termination or
group of terminations is about
to be taken out of service or has
just been returned to service.
ServiceChange is also used by the
MG to announce its availability to a
MGC (registration), and to notify the
MGC of impending or completed
restart of the MG. The MGC may
announce a handover to the MG
by sending it a ServiceChange
command. The MGC may also use
ServiceChange to instruct the MG
to take a termination or group of
terminations in or out of service.
AUDITVALUE Monitors performance of the
AUDITVALUE command which
returns the current state of
properties, events, signals and
statistics of terminations.
AUDITCAPABILITIES Monitors performance of the
AUDITCAPABILITIES command
which command returns all the
possible values for termination
properties, events, and signals
allowed by the MG.
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Nc Interface, BICC KPIs (measured for both Call Origination and Call
Termination)
The BICC protocol design sterns from ISU, but supports the split MCG and
MG (MSS) architecture. The main diference between ISUP and BICC is that
ISUP permits simultaneous control of call and associated circuit connection
by means of same signaling messages (for example, Initial Address Message
sets up the circuit associated to a call and also carries all service-related
information, whereas BICC controls the call and carries the requested
service information, but needs to interact with connection resource control
functions to synchronize and coordinate call and connection setup).
Termination To
Seizure
Answer To
Seizure
originating switch.
originating switch.
Drop Call Measures answered calls, that is the called party answers
Post Gateway
Answer Delay
Call Answer
Time
Call Release
Time
Network
Efciency
Release
Measures the ratio that eliminates user behavior as
a factor in an error calculation and represents pure
network performance. It is calculated as:
( (Answers + User errors)/Total call attempts (seizures) )
* 100.
Nc Interface, BICC KPIs (measured for both Call Origination and Call
Termination)
The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) with encapsulated ISUP (SIP-I) is an ITU-
defned extension to the standard SIP protocol to transport ISUP messages
across a SIP network as attachments to the SIP messages. It is used to create,
modify, and terminate communication sessions based on ISUP using SIP and
IP networks. It is used as a replacement of BICC in some networks.
Termination To
Seizure
Answer To
Seizure
originating switch.
originating switch.
Drop Call Measures answered calls, that is the called party answers
Post Gateway
Answer Delay
Call Answer
Time
Call Release
Time
Network
Efciency
Release
Measures the ratio that eliminates user behavior as
a factor in an error calculation and represents pure
network performance. It is calculated as:
( (Answers + User errors)/Total call attempts (seizures) )
* 100.
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LTE KPI Support
Control Plane
The QoSA provides a comprehensive set of measurements designed
specifcally to highlight problems on LTE data networks such as
authentication failures or handover issues. The solution provides
measurements on key LTE transactions, interfaces, and nodes that
control the access, mobility, and delivery of services providing
performance and quality information to control delivered QoS.
The following measurements are provided for each LTE control-plane KPI:
Volume
Error volume
Success volume
Error rate
Success rate
Absence
Retransmissions (for a subset of the KPIs)
QoSA KPIs - LTE
S1-MME EPS Mobility Management (EMM) KPIs
Authentication
1,2
Monitors the performance of the Authentication
procedures.
Security Mode Control
1
Monitors the performance of the Security Mode
command procedures.
Attach
1
Monitors the performance of the Attach Request
procedures.
UE Initiated Detach
1
Monitors the performance of the Detach
procedures from UE.
S1-MME EPS Mobility Management (EMM) KPIs
MME Initiated Detach
1
Monitors the performance of the Detach
procedures from MME.
Tracking Area
Updating
1
Monitors the performance of the Tracking Area
Update procedures.
Service Request
1
Monitors performance of the Service request
procedures used to transfer EMM mode from
EMM-IDLE to EMM CONNECTED and establish
radio, S1 bearers.
S1-MME EPS Session Management (ESM) KPIs
Default EPS Bearer
Context Activation
1
Monitors the performance of the Default Bearer
Context Activation procedures.
Dedicated EPS Bearer
Context Activation
1
Monitors performance of Dedicated EPS Bearer
Context Activation procedures.
EPS Bearer Context
Deactivation
Monitors the performance of the EPS Bearer
Context Deactivation procedures.
UE Requested PDN
Connectivity
1
Monitors the performance of the UE Requested
PDN Connectivity procedures.
UE Requested PDN
Disconnect
PDN Disconnect procedures.
UE Requested Bearer
Resource Allocation
Monitors performance of UE Requested Bearer
Resource Allocation procedures.
S1-MME S1-AP E-RAB Management KPIs
E-RAB Setup Monitors the performance of the Setup
procedures.
E-RAB Release Monitors the performance of the Release
procedures.
E-RAB Modify Monitors the performance of the Release
procedures.
S1-MME S1-AP Context Management KPIs
Intial Context Setup
E-RAB based
Monitors performance of procedures used to
establish the initial UE context.
Initial Context Setup Monitors performance of procedures used to
establish the initial UE context.
UE Context Release
Request (eNB initiated)
Monitors the performance of the UE context
release command from the eNB.
UE Context Release
Request (MME
initiated)
Monitors the performance of the UE context
release command from the MME.
S1-MME S1-AP Context Management KPIs
Handover Preparation Monitors the performance of the Handover
Required procedures.
Handover Resource
Allocation
Monitors the performance of the Handover
Request procedures.
Handover Notifcation Monitors the performance of the Handover Notify
procedures.
Handover Cancellation Monitors the performance of the Handover
Cancellation procedures.
Path Switch Request Monitors the performance of the Path Switch
Request procedures.
S1-MME S1-AP General KPIs
EPS Paging Monitors the performance of the Paging
procedures.
NAS Non Delivery
Indication Attempt
Monitors the performance of the NAS transport
procedures.
Reset MME Initiated Monitors the performance of Reset procedures
initiated by the MME.
Reset eNodeB Initiated Monitors the performance of Reset procedures
initiated by the eNodeB.
S1 Setup Monitors the performance of the S1 Setup
Request procedures.
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QoSA KPIs - LTE continued
S6a/S6d Location Management KPIs
Update Location Monitors the performance of the Update Location
procedures.
Cancel Location Monitors the performance of the Cancel Location
procedures.
Purge UE Monitors the performance of the Purge UE
procedures.
S6a/S6d Subscriber Data Handling KPIs
Insert Subscriber Data Monitors the performance of the Insert Subscriber
Data procedures.
Delete Subscriber Data Monitors the performance of the Delete
Subscriber Data procedures.
S6a/S6d Authentication KPIs
Authentication Info
Retrieval
Monitors performance as the MME requests
information from the HSS.
S6a/S6d Fault Recovery KPIs
Reset Monitors the performance of the reset
procedures.
S6a/S6d Notifcation KPIs
Notifcation Monitors the performance of the notifcation
procedures.
GTPv2-C S5/S8 Tunnel Management KPIs
Create Bearer Monitors the performance of the Create Bearer
procedures.
Create Session-Bearer
Context Creation
Monitors the performance of the Create Session
procedures.
Context Removal
procedures.
Modify Bearer-Bearer
Context Modifcation
Monitors the performance of the Modify Bearer
procedures.
Context Removal
procedures.
Delete Bearer Monitors the performance of the Delete Bearer
procedures.
Delete Session Monitors the performance of the Delete Session
procedures.
Delete Bearer
Command
GTPv2-C S4/S11 Tunnel Management KPIs
Create Bearer Monitors the performance of the Create Bearer
procedures.
Context Creation
procedures.
Context Removal
procedures.
Context Modifcation
procedures.
Context Removal
procedures.
Delete Bearer Monitors the performance of the Delete Bearer
procedures.
Delete Session Monitors the performance of the Delete Session
procedures.
Delete Bearer
Command
Monitors the performance of the Delete Bearer
Command procedures.
Downlink Data
Notifcation
Monitors the performance of the Downlink Data
Downlink Data
Notifcation
Acknowledge
Monitors the performance of the Downlink Data
Create Indirect Data
Forwarding Tunnel
Monitors the performance of the Create Indirect
Data Forwarding procedures.
GTPv2-C S3/S10/S16 Mobility Management KPIs
Forward Relocation
Request
Monitors the performance of the Forward
Relocation procedures.
Forward Relocation
Complete Notifcation
Relocation Cancel
Request
Forward Relocation Monitors the performance of the Forward
Context Request Monitors the performance of the Context
Requests procedures.
Identifcation Request Monitors the performance of the Identifcation
Request procedures.
Forward Access
Context
Monitors the performance of the Forward Access
Context procedures.
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SGs KPIs
Paging for non-EPS
Services
Monitors the performance of the SGsAP Paging
procedures.
Location update for non-
EPS Services
Monitors the performance of the SGsAP
Location Update procedures.
Non-EPS Alert Monitors the performance of the SGsAP Alert
procedures.
Explicit IMSI detach from
EPS Services
Monitors the performance of the SGsAP EPS
Detach procedures.
Explicit IMSI detach from
non-EPS Services
Monitors the performance of the SGsAP IMSI
Detach (explicit) procedures.
Implicit IMSI detach from
non-EPS services
Monitors the performance of the SGsAP IMSI
Detach (implicit) procedures.
Error Handling Monitors the performance of the SGsAP Status
procedures.
Gx KPIs
IP CAN Session
Establishment
Monitors the performance of the Credit Control
Request procedures.
IP CAN Session
Modifcation
Request procedures.
IP CAN Session
Termination
Request procedures.
MME on Gn Interface (LTE GPRS/UMTS Interworking)
Forward Relocation Monitors the performance of the Forward
Identifcation Request Monitors the performance of the Identifcation
Request procedures.
SGSN Context Monitors the performance of the SGSN Context
procedures.
1. For accuracy these measurements also include a retransmissions
measurement type to identify if through a retransmission of messages
the transaction eventually was successful or not but with an extended
transaction duration.
2. Separate counts are provided for rejection and failure to highlight real
issues and not customer authentication rejections for valid reasons.
Composite
The QoSA provides a set of LTE composite KPIs to simplify event
reporting by correlating and summarizing KPI information across
interfaces, transactions, and protocols. Composite KPIs provide
information on the actual customer experience rather than on
individual protocol transaction performance.
LTE Composite KPIs
Attach Request Monitors the performance of the Attach Request
procedures.
UE Triggered Service
Request
Monitors the performance of the UE Triggered
Service Request procedures.
Network Triggered
Service Request
Monitors the performance of the Network
Triggered Service Request procedures.
E-RAB Initial
Establishment
Monitors the performance of the E-RAB
Establishment procedures.
E-RAB Additional
Establishment
Monitors the performance of the E-RAB
UE Triggered Detach Monitors the performance of the UE Triggered
Detach procedures.
Network Triggered
Detach
Triggered Detach procedures.
UE Requested PDN
Connectivity
PDN Connectivity procedures.
UE Requested PDN
Disconnection
PDN Disconnection procedures.
Network Requested
PDN Disconnection
Requested PDN Disconnection procedures.
PGW Requested Bearer
Deactivation
Monitors the performance of the PGW Requested
Bearer Deactivation procedures.
eNodeB Requested
Bearer Deactivation
Monitors the performance of the eNodeB
Requested Bearer Deactivation procedures.
MME Requested
Bearer Deactivation
Monitors the performance of the MME Requested
Bearer Deactivation procedures.
Tracking Area Update
Request
Monitors the performance of the Tracking Area
Update procedures.
S1 Based Handover
Required
Monitors the performance of the S1 Handover
procedures.
S1 Connection
Establishment
Monitors the performance of the S1 Connection
S1 Release Monitors the performance of the UE Context
Release procedures.
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User Plane
The QoSA provides a set of LTE user-plane measurements to identify
service issues.
The following measurements are provided for each LTE user-plane KPI:
Volume
Error volume
Success volume
Error rate
Success rate
Absence
LTE User-Plane KPIs
Upload Packets Monitors the performance of the upload data
stream at the packets level.
Download Packets Monitors the performance of the download data
stream at the packet level.
Upload Bytes Monitors the performance of the upload data
stream at the byte level.
Download Bytes Monitors the performance of the download data
stream at the byte level.
Service Activation Measures the service activations.
Efective Burst Data
Rate
Measures the uplink and downlink throughput,
excluding transport overheads and non-data
transfer times.
Variance Measures Variance measures the variance for a service.
1. For the supported protocols, QoS Analyzer will provide details of the
application layer errors, for the Unknown protocols only GTP, TCP, or UDP
errors will be reported.
2. The above measurements apply to confgured services. The JDSU
Service Discovery Interface (SDI) provides the operator with a powerful
confguration tool that allows individual services carried in the User
Data plane to be built into the operators service model. The SDI has the
following confgurable felds: APN: IP Address (ASP server): Port # (on
server): URL/URI.
Associated Solutions, Applications, and Services
The QoSA application is supported in the following solutions:
acceSS7 for GSM, GPRS, UMTS, and MSS network and service
assurance
accessLTE for LTE network and service assurance
accessCDMA for CDMA 2000 network and service assurance
In addition to the QoSA, the following complementary applications are
supported within JDSU Mobile Assurance solutions:
QoS Analyzer for SIGTRAN for real-time monitoring of SIGTRAN
networks and associated services
Centralized Roaming Management System (CRMS) for real-time
monitoring of inbound and outbound roaming trafc
Session Trace for network and service troubleshooting
Protocol Analysis for fexible message capture and decode
Data Mining Toolkit (DMT) for protocol transaction-based network
and service performance reporting by dimension (for example,
device and location)
accessInsight Data Feeds Export for the export of JDSU passive-
probe data to third-party applications
The following professional services are associated with JDSU Mobile
Assurance solutions and specifcally the Session Trace application:
Education service operator and administrator training courses
Consulting service assurance solution operational assistance
Consulting service assurance solution health reporting
Consulting service large event QoS management
Support service solution support including software update service
Managed service JDSU solution ownership and/or operation
For more information on any of the above solutions, applications, and
professional services, please visit www.jdsu.com.
2014 JDS Uniphase Corporation Product specifcations and descriptions in this document subject to change without notice.
30173237 001 0414 QOSMOBILEANALYZER.BR.NSD.TM.AE March 2014
www.jdsu.com/nse
North America Toll Free: 1 855 ASK-JDSU (1 855 275-5378)
Latin America Tel: +1 954 688 5660 Fax: +1 954 345 4668
Asia Pacifc Tel: +852 2892 0990 Fax: +852 2892 0770
EMEA Tel: +49 7121 86 2222 Fax: +49 7121 86 1222

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