THE IMPACT OF INADEQUATE INFRASTRUCTURAL FACILITIES ON
STUDENTS ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE.
(A case study of En!nee"!n De#a"t$ent% T&e Po'ytec&n!c% I(adan) *+ ,A+ODE OLADIPUPO OLA+EMI -.-/0.1/232 OCTO*ER% 4-52 1 CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 5.5 *AC,6ROUND OF THE STUD+ The development of any society is dependent on the general level of education attained by its population most especially the youths. It therefore means that the educational system must be flexible, functional and optional enough to have something to offer to all members of the society including the youths, adults, privileged and the less privileged. The desire to meet the educational needs in particular those members of the under privileged is now a major challenge to the educators over the past years (Adedipe, 2!". #ducation brings about a change in the manner of conduct of an individual which ma$es him to present himself as a responsible, sagacious and dependable member of his society. #ducation is regarded as an activity which goes on in the society with its aims depending on the nature of the society in which it ta$es place. It is a process through which an individual is trained to become useful to himself and the society at large with the ac%uisition of the cultural values and norms of the society. It occurs at all stages of life and can occur anywhere, but for the purpose of this study, the focus shall be on the type of education ac%uired in the tertiary institution academic environment otherwise $nown as formal education. A tertiary institution is a place li$e home where learning activities ta$es place and it comprises of individual from different cultural bac$ground which live and interact together as a cohesive community with a major common objectives and purpose for learning. It is a place where a learner ac%uires speciali&ed 2 $nowledge and s$ills needed for their survival and to promote their innate capabilities for learning ('laniyan, 2(". The tertiary institution prepares an individual for future adult roles, the purpose of the tertiary institution is mainly to serve as a channel for ac%uiring $nowledge and s$ills and to enhance the full all round development of an individual. It is therefore necessary for government and tertiary institution management to ensure that the tertiary institution academic environment does not deviate from its main purpose in the sense that instructors control and maintain the type of activities that occur in the tertiary institution environment in terms of extracurricular activities. The tertiary institutions exist because of the students. The %uality of the student)s performance depends on the %uality of the tertiary institution in terms of availability of re%uired and ade%uate infrastructural facilities in such a tertiary institution. Tertiary institutions with well e%uipped facilities and well experienced personnel tend to produce brilliant students who show the ways for others students and lead them in various stages in *ife. It could therefore be said that the performance of the students depends on the tertiary institution facilities, which in returns determine their future lives. +arents and guardians should be encouraged to send their wards to tertiary institutions with well, e%uipped facilities because it will result in better future for their children. This fact has been proven to be true as the performance of some students from well e%uipped facilities tertiary institutions differs from other students who are in tertiary institution with less e%uipped facilities. Availability of re%uired learning facilities in tertiary institutions enhances student)s academic performance. In a situation where the 3 learning environment is not conducive, academic activities proceed at a low rate which then result in poor academic performance of students in promotional and certificate examine ('lagbemiro, 2(". Academic excellence is the desired of every student in tertiary institutions. The %uality of lectures and learning that ta$es place in any educational establishment determines the level of academic excellence. In other for effective teaching and learning process to occur within the tertiary institution academic environment. There must be provision of ade%uate facilities aids such as conducive tertiary institution physical environment, well painted classroom, ade%uate chairs, moderate distance from an industrial area to prevent unwanted noise and well experienced lecturers. Things don)t just happen- they are made to happen. 5.4 O*7ECTI8ES OF THE STUD+ The main aim of this study is to investigate on the impact of inade%uate infrastructure on students. academic performance. /pecific objectives are to0 (. examine the position of 1igerian tertiary institutions in the provision of ade%uate infrastructural facilities. 2. examine how the 2eads of 3epartment participate in the planning of infrastructural facilities. 4. examine how 1igerian tertiary institutions can be positioned for global competitions. 4 5.0 STATEMENT OF PRO*LEM Adedipe (2!" noted that inade%uacy of physical resources li$e classrooms, laboratories, libraries and other academic resources translates to poor results because it breeds overcrowdedness. The organisation for #conomic 5ooperation and 3evelopment ('#35" has observed that the planning and design of educational facilities for tertiary institutions and has impact on educational outcomes. This outcome is usually had to %uantify and management cost of the facilities are substantial on the public education expenditure. 6ith the remar$able increase in both number of universities and the present trend of placement of students, resulting in over crowdiness and overstretched carrying capacity, one wonders if this tremendous increase in placement corresponds with state of available and needed physical facilities. This research is set to examine the position of physical resources in the face of increase in placement. 7enerally, overcrowding and inade%uate funding has always been pointed as factors responsible for decline in %uality of education in 1igeria ('lagbemiro, 2(". 8ore to that is the brea$down and deterioration of facilities, shortages of new boo$s, current journals in libraries, supply of laboratories e%uipment and learning facilities, the infrastructure and facilities remain inade%uate to cope with a system that is growing at rapid pace. It is on this basis that i have been motivated to carry out this research wor$ on the impact of inade%uate infrastructural facilities on students. academic performance in 3epartment of #ngineering, The +olytechnic Ibadan. 5 5.2 RESEARCH QUESTIONS The following research %uestions and hypothesis were formulated to guide the research. (. 3oes inade%uate infrastructural facilities have negative impact on students academic performance9 2. 6hat is the position of 1igerian tertiary institutions in the provision of ade%uate infrastructural facilities9 4. 3o 2eads of 3epartment participate in the planning of infrastructural facilities9 :. 2ow can 1igerian universities be positioned for global competitions9 5.9 SI6NIFICANCE OF THE STUD+ The impact of inade%uate infrastructural facilities on students academic performance is a very important topic to study because of the following reasons0 It will enable +ublic administrators and local government students to have a vast $nowledge on the importance of infrastructural facilities on student performance and how it can be managed in tertiary institutions. 'ne of the major concern of this research is to examine how universities plan to discharge their assignment in offering %uality education especially in the area of physical facilities so as to $eep pace with increase in placement of students, it is hoped that some proposed viable strategies will enhance repositioning of universities for global competition. 5./ SCOPE OF THE STUD+ 6 The study will be delimitated to the entire staff of #ngineering 3epartment, The +olytechnic, Ibadan, and this will form the population of the study 5.. DEFINITION OF TERMS De:e'o#$ent; This can be defined as the state of having a highly organi&ed economy, political system. Econo$y; An economy consists of the economic systems of a country or other area- the labor, capital, and land resources- and the manufacturing, production, trade, distribution, and consumption of goods and services of that area. O"an!<at!on; 'rgani&ation can be defined as an exchange system in which inducement are exchange for wor$. 2e saw management as a process of rational decision ma$ing that influence the behavior of member between the organi&ations. Pe"fo"$ance0 This refers to students. academic result base on senate approved result at the end of study. +erformance also refers to the results of activities of an organi&ation or investment over a given period of time. P&ys!ca' !nf"ast"uctu"e0 refers to basic facilities and e%uipment needed for functioning of a department in an organisation. The facilities include lecture;classrooms, studios, drawing boards;stools, computer room and library etc. 7
Global Education Reform: The Universe Is Governed by a Sequence of Realms; Hence, Global Education Reform Is a Dignified Path to Peace and Unity, a Promised Corridor for the Eradication of Lingering Human Prejudice, Discrimination, Injustice, and Language Barriers.