CNS Pharmacology

Sedatives & Hypnotics

1. Hypnotic drugs are used to treat:
a) Sleep disorders
b) Parkinsonian disorders
c) Narcolepsy
d) Psychosis
2. Hypnotic drugs should:
a) Prevent mood swings in patients with bipolar afective disorders
b) Produce drowsiness, encourage the onset and maintenance of sleep
c) Induce absence of sensation
d) Reduce aniety and eert a calming efect
3. Which of these hypnotic drugs is an imidazopyridine derivative?
a) Pentobarbital
b) !ema"epam
c) #olpidem
d) $hloral hydrate
4. The hypnotic drug hich is sloly a!sor!ed is :
a) !ria"olam
b) %ia"epam
c) Phenobarbital
d) oa"epam
". The ultra # short acting !ar!iturate is :
a) Secobarbital
b) &mobarbital
c) !hiopental
d) Phenobarbital
$. The folloing !ar!iturate has % # 24 hours half # life :
a) Secobarbital
b) !hiopental
c) Phenobarbital
d) &mylobarbitone
&. The hypnotic !enzodiazepine' hich has the shortest half#life is :
a) Nitra"epam
b) %ia"epam
c) 'a"epam
d) !ria"olam
%. ()T p4"* induction leads to:
a) (arbiturate tolerance
b) $umulative efects
c) %evelopment of physical dependence
d) )hangover* efects
+. The hypnotic hich is preferred for elderly patients is :
a) Secobarbital
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CNS Pharmacology
Sedatives & Hypnotics
b) +luro"epam
c) !ema"epam
d) Phenobarbital
1*. The mechanism of !ar!iturate action ,at hypnotic doses-:
a) Increasing the duration of the ,&(&-induced $l
-
channel openings
b) %irectly activating the chloride channels
c) Increasing the fre.uency of $l
-
channel opening events
d) None of the above
11. .midazopyridines are:
a) Partial agonists at brain /-!01& receptors
b) Selective agonists of the (#1 2omega1) subtype of (# receptors
c) $ompetitive antagonists of (# receptors
d) Nonselective agonists of both (#1 and (#3 receptor subtypes
12. The competitive antagonist of /0 receptors is :
a) +luma"enil
b) Picrotoin
c) #aleplon
d) #olpidem
13. 1lumazenil !loc2s the actions of:
a) 4orphine
b) Phenobarbital
c) #olpidem
d) !hiopental
14. Which of the folloing agents is preferred in the treatment of insomnia?
a) Phenothia"ide
b) (en"odia"epines
c) 'pioids
d) (arbiturates
1". /ar!iturates are !eing replaced !y hypnotic !enzodiazepines !ecause
of:
a) 5ow therapeutic inde
b) 4ore hang over
c) 0igh potential of physical dependence and withdrawal syndrome
d) &ll of the above
1$. The ideal hypnotic agent must has :
a) Rapid onset and su6cient duration of action
b) 4inor efects on sleep patterns
c) 4inimal )hangover* efects
d) &ll of the above
1&. 3uring slo ave sleep ,stage 3 4 4-:
a) %reams occur
b) !he secretion of adrenal steroids is at its highest level
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CNS Pharmacology
Sedatives & Hypnotics
c) Somnambulism 2sleepwalking) and nightmares occur
d) !he secretion of somatotropin is at its lowest
1%. Hypnotic agents induce:
a) Increase the duration of R74 sleep
b) %ecrease the duration of R74 sleep
c) %ecrease the duration of Non-R74 sleep 2 mainly stage 2)
d) Increase the duration of slow wave sleep
1+. Which of the folloing hypnotic drugs causes least suppression of 567
sleep?
a) +luma"enil
b) Phenobarbital
c) +lura"epam
d) Secobarbital
2*. 8lthough the !enzodiazepines continue to !e the agents of choice for
insomnia' they have:
a) !he possibility of psychological and physiological dependence
b) Synergistic depression of $NS with other drugs 2especially alcohol)
c) Residual drowsiness and daytime sedation
d) &ll of the above
21. Hypnotic !enzodiazepines can cause:
a) & dose-dependent increase in both R74 and slow wave sleep
b) %o not change sleep patterns
c) & dose-dependent decrease in both R74 and slow wave sleep
d) & dose-dependent increase in R74 sleep and decrease in slow wave sleep
22. Which one of the folloing hypnotic !enzodiazepines is more li2ely to
cause re!ound insomnia?
a) !ria"olam
b) +lura"epam
c) !ema"epam
d) &ll of the above
23. The folloing hypnotic drugs hich is used intravenously as anesthetic
is :
a) !hiopental
b) Phenobarbital
c) +lura"epam
d) #olpidem
24. The usual cause of death due to overdose of hypnotics:
a) %epression of the medullar respiratory center
b) 0ypothermia
c) $erebral edema
d) Status epilepticus
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CNS Pharmacology
Sedatives & Hypnotics
2". Which of the folloing statements is correct for zolpidem?
a) $auses minor efects on sleep patterns
b) It has a lower risk of development of tolerance 8 dependence than with the use of
ben"odia"epines
c) 0as minimal muscle relaing and anticonvulsant efects
d) &ll of the above
2$. To9ic doses of hypnotics may cause a circulatory collapse as a result of:
a 2 (locking alfa adrenergic receptors
b) Increasing vagal tone
c) &ction on the medullar vasomotor center
d) &ll of the above
2&. Which of the folloing hypnotic drug !inds selectively to the /01
receptor su!type' facilitating :8/8ergic inhi!ition:
a) !hiopental
b) #olpidem
c) +lura"epam
d) Phenobarbital
T 4 1 :
1. The folloing chemical agent,s- is;are used in the treatment of insomnia :
a) 'pioids +
b) Imida"opyridines !
c) (arbiturates !
d) (en"odia"epines !
2. Which of these hypnotic drugs is;are !enzodiazepine derivative:
a) #olpidem +
b) +lura"epam !
c) %is"epam !
d) Phenobarbitone +
3. Which of these hypnotic drugs is a !ar!ituric acid derivative:
a) +lura"epam +
b) #aleplon +
c) !hiopental !
d) phenobarbitone !
56767/65 :#
Hypnotic !ar!iturates are more poerful enzyme inducers
than !enzodiazepines .
0olpidem and zaleplon have e<ectiveness similar to that of
hypnotic !enzodiazepines in the management of sleep
disorders.
4
8nser
s :
19a
39b
:9c
;9d
/9c
<9d
=9d
>9a
?9c
1@9a
119b
139a
1:9c
1;9b
1/9d
1<9d
1=9c
1>9b
1?9c
3@9d
319c
339a
3:9b
3;9d
3/9a
3<9a
3=9c
T 4 1 :
19 + ! !
!
39 + ! !
+
CNS Pharmacology
Sedatives & Hypnotics
1- (arbiturates A
- $BP ;/@ Inhibitors
1- !hiopental 3- Phenobarbitone :- C99 ;- CC
a- I9D in anesthesia b- $ommon for aniety c- C99 d- CC9
"