You are on page 1of 15

M.G.

TUITIONS
+91-881800-9634 19 CLICK2MADHURI@GMAIL.COM

NCERT Book Questions And Answers
(INTEXT)
Question 1- Define the principal focus of a concave mirror.
Answer: In case of a concave mirror, all the rays coming from infinity converge at a point
after getting reflected from the mirror. This point is called the focus of the mirror.
Question 2. The radius of curvature of a spherical mirror is 20 cm. What is its focal length?
Answer: We know,
radius of curvature (R) of a spherical mirror = 2 x focal length (f)

Thus, focal length = 20 cm
Question 3. Name a mirror that can give an erect and enlarged image of an object.
Answer: Concave mirror.
Question 4. Why do we prefer a convex mirror as a rear-view mirror in vehicles?
Answer: A convex mirror can show image of a wider area, because of its wide field of view.
This enables the driver to see more of traffic coming from behind. Hence, convex mirror is
used as rear-view mirror in vehicles.
Question 5. Find the focal length of a convex mirror whose radius of curvature is 32 cm.
Answer: Given, radius of curvature (R) = 32cm and focal length (f) =?
We know that, R = 2f

Thus, focal length = 16 cm


M.G.TUITIONS
+91-881800-9634 20 CLICK2MADHURI@GMAIL.COM

Question 6. A concave mirror produces three times magnified (enlarged) real image of an
object placed at 10 cm in front of it. Where is the image located?
Answer:
Given, the distance of object, u = - 10 cm
Let the height of object = h
So, height of image = - 3h



Thus, the location of image is at - 30 cm at principal axis before the mirror. The negative sign
shows that image is real.
Question 7. A ray of light travelling in air enters obliquely into water. Does the light ray
bend towards the normal or away from the normal? Why?
Answer: When a ray of light travels from a rarer medium to a denser medium, it bends
towards the normal. Air is rarer than water and hence, the ray of light would bend towards
the normal.







M.G.TUITIONS
+91-881800-9634 21 CLICK2MADHURI@GMAIL.COM

Question 8. Light enters from air to glass having refractive index 1.50. What is the speed
of light in the glass? The speed of light in vacuum is 3 108 m s1.


Question 9. Find out, from Table 10.3, the medium having highest optical density. Also
find the medium with lowest optical density.
Answer: Diamond has the highest optical density, while air has the least optical density.
Question 10. You are given kerosene, turpentine and water. In which of these does the
light travel fastest? Use the information given in Table 10.3.
Answer: Among the given matters, water has the least refractive index. Hence, light travels
the fastest in water; among the given materials.
Question 11. The refractive index of diamond is 2.42. What is the meaning of this
statement?
Answer:


M.G.TUITIONS
+91-881800-9634 22 CLICK2MADHURI@GMAIL.COM

The above equation shows that the speed of light in vacuum is 2.42 times the speed of light
in diamond.
Question 12. Define 1 dioptre of power of a lens.
Answer: The power of a lens with focal length 1 m is called 1 dioptre.
Question 13. A convex lens forms a real and inverted image of a needle at a distance of 50
cm from it. Where is the needle placed in front of the convex lens if the image is equal to the
size of the object? Also, find the power of the lens.
Answer: Given,
Distance of image, v = 50 cm
When an object is kept at the centre of curvature of a convex lens, i.e. at 2F the image formed
at the centre of curvature at the other side of lens and the size of image is equal to that of the
object.
Thus, the distance of object, u = - 50 cm

Hence, needle is placed at the centre of curvature, i.e. at 50cm in front of lens
Power of lens = +4D
M.G.TUITIONS
+91-881800-9634 23 CLICK2MADHURI@GMAIL.COM

Question 14. Find the power of a concave lens of focal length 2 m.
Answer:


(Exercise Solution)
Question 1. Which one of the following materials cannot be used to make a lens?
(a) Water (b) Glass (c) Plastic (d) Clay
Answer: (d) Clay
Question 2. The image formed by a concave mirror is observed to be virtual, erect and
larger than the object. Where should be the position of the object?
(a) Between the principal focus and the centre of curvature
(b) At the centre of curvature
(c) Beyond the centre of curvature
(d) Between the pole of the mirror and its principal focus.

Answer: (d) Between the pole of the mirror and its principal focus.
Question 3. Where should an object be placed in front of a convex lens to get a real image
of the size of the object?
(a) At the principal focus of the lens
(b) At twice the focal length
(c) At infinity
(d) Between the optical centre of the lens and its principal focus.

Answer: (b) At twice of the focal length

M.G.TUITIONS
+91-881800-9634 24 CLICK2MADHURI@GMAIL.COM

Question 4. A spherical mirror and a thin spherical lens have each a focal length of 15
cm. The mirror and the lens are likely to be
(a) both concave.
(b) both convex.
(c) the mirror is concave and the lens is convex.
(d) the mirror is convex, but the lens is concave.

Answer: (a) both concave

Question 5. No matter how far you stand from a mirror, your image appears erect. The
mirror is likely to be
(a) plane.
(b) concave.
(c) convex.
(d) either plane or convex.

Answer: (d) either plane or convex.

Question 6. Which of the following lenses would you prefer to use while reading small
letters found in a dictionary?
(a) A convex lens of focal length 50 cm.
(b) A concave lens of focal length 50 cm.
(c) A convex lens of focal length 5 cm.
(d) A concave lens of focal length 5 cm.

Answer: (c) A convex lens of focal length 5 cm.

Question 7. We wish to obtain an erect image of an object, using a concave mirror of focal
length 15 cm. What should be the range of distance of the object from the mirror? What is
the nature of the image? Is the image larger or smaller than the object? Draw a ray diagram to
show the image formation in this case.
Answer: When object is between principal focus and pole of a concave mirror, an erect,
enlarged and virtual image is formed. So, we need to keep the object at a distance which is
less than 15 cm (the given focal length).
M.G.TUITIONS
+91-881800-9634 25 CLICK2MADHURI@GMAIL.COM



Question 8. Name the type of mirror used in the following situations.
(a) Headlights of a car.
Answer: When a source of light is kept at focus of a concave mirror, the reflected rays form
a parallel beam of light and go to infinity. Hence, concave mirror is used as reflector in the
headlights. This helps in getting a parallel beam of light.
(b) Side/rear-view mirror of a vehicle.
Answer: A convex mirror can show image of a wider area, because of its wide field of view.
This enables the driver to see more of traffic coming from behind. Hence, convex mirror is
used as rear-view mirror in vehicles.
(c) Solar furnace.
Answer: The light rays coming from infinity converge at the focus after reflection from a
concave mirror. Hence, a concave mirror is used in solar furnace because it helps in
concentrating the solar energy at a point.
Question 9. One-half of a convex lens is covered with a black paper. Will this lens produce
a complete image of the object? Verify your answer experimentally. Explain your
observations.
Answer: Covering the half portion of a convex lens will not affect the image making ability
of the lens. The following two figures illustrate this.
Condition 1 When upper half of the lens is covered:
M.G.TUITIONS
+91-881800-9634 26 CLICK2MADHURI@GMAIL.COM



Case 2 When the lower half of the lens is covered


Question 10. An object 5 cm in length is held 25 cm away from a converging lens of focal
length 10 cm. Draw the ray diagram and find the position, size and the nature of the image
formed.
Answer:
Given,
Height of object = 5cm
Position of object, u = - 25cm
Focal length of the lens, f = 10 cm
Hence, position of image, v =?
M.G.TUITIONS
+91-881800-9634 27 CLICK2MADHURI@GMAIL.COM




The negative sign of height of image shows that an inverted image is formed.
M.G.TUITIONS
+91-881800-9634 28 CLICK2MADHURI@GMAIL.COM



Thus, position of image = At 16.66 cm on opposite side of lens
Size of image = - 3.3 cm at the opposite side of lens
Nature of image Real and inverted.
Question 11. A concave lens of focal length 15 cm forms an image 10 cm from the lens.
How far is the object placed from the lens? Draw the ray diagram.
Answer:
Given,
Focal length, f = - 15 cm
Distance of image, v = - 10 cm
Distance of object, v =?


Negative sign shows that object is at 30cm in front of the lens.
M.G.TUITIONS
+91-881800-9634 29 CLICK2MADHURI@GMAIL.COM

Question 12. An object is placed at a distance of 10 cm from a convex mirror of focal
length 15 cm. Find the position and nature of the image.
Answer:
Given,
Distance of object, u = -10cm
Focal length, f = 15cm
Distance of image, v =?


The positive sign of image shows that image is formed at the other side of lens at 6cm


The positive sign of magnification shows that image is erect.
Nature of image- Image is erect and virtual.
Position of image image is formed at 6cm behind the mirror.

M.G.TUITIONS
+91-881800-9634 30 CLICK2MADHURI@GMAIL.COM

Question 13. The magnification produced by a plane mirror is +1. What does this mean?
Answer: The magnification of +1 means that the image size is same as object size.
Question 14. An object 5.0 cm in length is placed at a distance of 20 cm in front of a
convex mirror of radius of curvature 30 cm. Find the position of the image, its nature and
size.
Answer:
Given,
Distance of object, u = - 20 cm
Height of object = 5.0 cm
Radius of curvature, R = 30cm.
Hence, focal length = R/2 = 30/2 cm = 15 cm
Distance of image, v =?

M.G.TUITIONS
+91-881800-9634 31 CLICK2MADHURI@GMAIL.COM




The positive sign of height of image is erect.
Therefore,
Position of image 8.57 cm behind the mirror.
Nature of image erect and virtual.
Size of image 2.14 cm, this means image is smaller than object.

Question 15. An object of size 7.0 cm is placed at 27 cm in front of a concave mirror of
focal length 18 cm. At what distance from the mirror should a screen be placed, so that a
sharp focussed image can be obtained? Find the size and the nature of the image.
Answer: Given,
Size of object, h = 7.0 cm
Distance of object, u = - 27 cm
Focal length, f = - 18 cm
Distance of image, v =?
M.G.TUITIONS
+91-881800-9634 32 CLICK2MADHURI@GMAIL.COM





Negative sign of height of image shows, that image in inverted.
Thus, screen should be placed at 54 cm in front of mirror.
The size of image = 14cm
Nature of image real and inverted.



M.G.TUITIONS
+91-881800-9634 33 CLICK2MADHURI@GMAIL.COM

Question 16. Find the focal length of a lens of power 2.0 D. What type of lens is this?
Answer:


Since focal length is negative hence, it is a concave lens.
Question 17. A doctor has prescribed a corrective lens of power +1.5 D. Find the focal
length of the lens. Is the prescribed lens diverging or converging?
Answer:
Given, power = +1.5 D

You might also like