Calculation Note by Eng. Magdy Mahmoud

Graduation Project Eng.
Magdy Mahmoud

1. Design criteria.
2. Lateral loads.
2-1. Wind loads calculation
2-2. Seismic loads
3. 3D finite element model (SAP2000, Ver.16).
4. Design of vertical elements (CSI, Ver.9).
4-1. Columns
4-2. Shear walls and core
5. Design of horizontal elements (SAP2000, Ver.16).
5-1. Design of slabs
5-2. Design of stairs
5-3. Design of beams
6. Design of foundation (SAP2000, Ver.16).
6-1. Shallow foundation (Raft)
6-2. Deep foundation (Pile cap)
7. Structural drawings list of project.

TABLE OF CONTANINET
Graduation Project Eng. Magdy Mahmoud

1. DESIGN CRITERIA


1-1. DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT:
The building's plot is nearly a rectangular shape with dimensions of 21.1 m
X 38.69 m
No Minimum required set-back, the building has two neighbours plots
The proposed building consists of the following floors:
1- Basement floor - Car parking with 2.7 m height occupying the full plot
area.
2- Ground floor - Main lobbies, commercial stores.
3- Nine Typical floors.

1-2. STRUCTURAL SYSTEM:
Reinforced concrete slabs supported cast-in-situ Columns and Walls.
Raft foundation will be used to support the building.
The lateral stability is provided by Cast in-situ frames and/or Core walls.

1-3. DESIGN STANDARD AND CODES:
Egyptian code of practice (ECCS 203 - 2007, 2010), Design and
construction of Concrete Structures.
Egyptian code of practice (ECP 203-2007), Loading for Buildings.
Egyptian code of practice (ECP 201-2012), Loading for Buildings.


1-4. MATERIALS:

1-4-1. CONCRETE:
The characteristic concrete cube compressive strength after 28 days shall
be as follows:
Plain concrete and Blinding = 20 N/mm2
Raft Foundation = 25 N/mm2
Reinforced Slabs and Beams = 25 N/mm2
Cast in-situ Columns and Walls = 25 N/mm2
Own weight of reinforced concrete = 25 KN/m3
Own weight of plain concrete = 22 KN/m3
1-4-2. STEEL REINFORCEMENT:
High yield steel T
- Specified characteristic strength F
Y
= 360 N/mm2
- Minimum elongation on gauge length = 14%

1-5. CONCRETE COVER TO STEEL REINFORCEMENT:
Concrete cover to steel reinforcement shall be provided to protect the
reinforcement against corrosion and fire.
Adopted fire rating requirements:
Load bearing walls & columns = 2 hrs. fire rating
Floor construction including beams = 2 hrs. fire rating
Shafts and stair walls = 2 hrs. fire rating
According to fire resistance requirements adopted and as listed in table
3.4 (BS 8110-Part 1:1997):
Cast in-situ Beams simply supported = 30 mm
Cast in-situ Beams continuous = 25 mm
Cast in-situ slabs simply supported = 30 mm
Cast in-situ slabs continuous = 25 mm
Columns & walls = 30 mm


1-6. LOADS:

1-6-1. Vertical loads (in excess of self-weight of members):

A- Basement:
Finishes = 1.50 kN/m2
Services & False ceiling = 0.50 kN/m2
Dead Load = 4.50 kN/m2
Live Load = 5.00 kN/m2
A- Ground:

B- Typical Floors:

C- Stairs loads:


2. LATERAL LOADS


2-1.Wind loads
F= C K q
Where:
C=1.3
Where 0.8 for compression+0.5 for suction
K= 1.0 for 0-30m, 1.05 for (30-50)
Area B (Suburban Exposure)
q= 0.5x10
-3
V
2
C
t
C
s
Where:-
Air Density =1.25 Kg/m
3

V Wind Velocity =30 m/sec at Tanta
C
t
Earth topography = 1.00 in flat land
C
s
Structure height =1.00 for structures heights no exceed 60m


Calculations of wind loads

Area B
Height of Building = 32.80m
Width of Building = 38.70m


-2. Seismic Loads

2-2-1.Equivalent static load

According to the ECP1993 using Equivalent static load- see attached
calculation in next calculation

-Y-Y Direction
-X-X Direction
-Overturning Moment


Equivalent Static Seismic Loads
Base Shear Basic Equiation:
where:
Z = Seismic Intensity Factor 0.1 first zone
0.2 second zone
Enter value of Z 0.2 0.3 third zone
I = Building Importance Factor 1.25
1
Enter value of I 1
K = Structural System Coefficient 1.33
Frames only:
0.67 ductile frames
0.80 non-ductile frames
Enter value of K 1 1.00
C = 1/ [15 sqrt( T )] C < = 0.12
where T:
Enter "1" for case (a) or "2" for case (b) 2
Enter No. of floors 11 T = 0.1 N
Calculated "T" =
Calculated "C" =
Chosen "C"
Enter value of H 33 T = 0.09 H / sqrt(B) Case (b): for other systems
Enter value of B 21.75
Calculated "T" = 0.637
Calculated "C" = 0.084
Chosen "C" 0.084
S = Soil Coefficient 1.00
1.15
Enter value of S 1.15 1.30 loose or weak soil > 15m
W = Weight of the building
Enter weight of each floor in the followig table
V = Z . I . K . C . S . W
Emergancy buildings: Hospitals, fire
stations, Police stations, emergancy
centers, communication building
Other buildings: Residential, commercial,
public
Box using shear walls or braced frames
depends on lateral load resisting
system and its ductility
Mixed system (shear walls and frames)
= Permenant loads + 1/2 LL; for buildings
with storage loads > 500 kg/m2
Case (a): for building with
frames able to carry all the
lateral force; where N = number
of floors
H = Height of building above
foundation level
B = width of building in the
direction of Earthquake
Rock, very dense > 15m, mid-dense < 15m
above better soil conditions
Mid-dense or dense > 15m, or loose soil
= Permenant loads; for building with live
loads less or equal 500 kg/m2
Y-Y Direction


Over turning moment in Y- Dir

Floor No
Force on
each floor
Height (H)
from
foundation
over turning
moment
1 1 3.0 4.122716764
2 4 6.0 22.19656789
3 5 9.0 46.77437678
4 7 12.0 83.62691607
5 9 15.0 131.1099955
6 11 18.0 189.2236152
7 12 21.0 257.967775
8 14 24.0 337.342475
9 16 27.0 427.3477152
10 18 30.0 527.9834955
11 19 33.0 639.249816
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
total 10

2666.945465

Lateral Load Distribution:
Entered and Calculated Coefficient:
Floor No. Floor
Load (W)
Height (H)
from
foundation
Wi x Hi Force on
each
floor
1 474 2.7 1280 1
Z 0.20 2 594 5.8 3445 4
I 1.00 3 550 8.8 4840 5
K 1.00 4 550 11.8 6490 7
C 0.08 5 550 14.8 8140 9
S 1.15 6 550 17.8 9790 11
W 6018.00 7 550 20.8 11440 12
8 550 23.8 13090 14
V = 115.63 9 550 26.8 14740 16
10 550 29.8 16390 18
Additional force at roof level (Ft) = 0.07 T . V 11 550 32.8 18040 19
(max. 0.25 V ; = 0 if T <= 0.7) 12 0 0.0 0 0
13 0 0.0 0 0
Chosen "T" = 0.64 14 0.0 0 0
Caculated "Ft" = 5.15 15 0.0 0 0
Caculated "0.25 V" = 28.91 S 6018 107685 116
Ft = 0.00 T < or = 0.7

X-X Direction

Equivalent Static Seismic Loads
Base Shear Basic Equiation:
where:
Z = Seismic Intensity Factor 0.1 first zone
0.2 second zone
Enter value of Z 0.2 0.3 third zone
I = Building Importance Factor 1.25
1
Enter value of I 1
K = Structural System Coefficient 1.33
Frames only:
0.67 ductile frames
0.80 non-ductile frames
Enter value of K 1 1.00
C = 1/ [15 sqrt( T )] C < = 0.12
where T:
Enter "1" for case (a) or "2" for case (b) 2
Enter No. of floors 11 T = 0.1 N
Calculated "T" =
Calculated "C" =
Chosen "C"
Enter value of H 33 T = 0.09 H / sqrt(B) Case (b): for other systems
Enter value of B 38.8
Calculated "T" = 0.477
Calculated "C" = 0.097
Chosen "C" 0.097
S = Soil Coefficient 1.00
1.15
Enter value of S 1.15 1.30 loose or weak soil > 15m
W = Weight of the building
Enter weight of each floor in the followig table
= Permenant loads; for building with live
loads less or equal 500 kg/m2
= Permenant loads + 1/2 LL; for buildings
with storage loads > 500 kg/m2
Emergancy buildings: Hospitals, fire
stations, Police stations, emergancy
centers, communication building
Other buildings: Residential, commercial,
public
Box using shear walls or braced frames
Mixed system (shear walls and frames)
V = Z . I . K . C . S . W
depends on lateral load resisting
system and its ductility
Mid-dense or dense > 15m, or loose soil
H = Height of building above
foundation level
B = width of building in the
direction of Earthquake
Case (a): for building with
frames able to carry all the
lateral force; where N = number
of floors
Rock, very dense > 15m, mid-dense < 15m

Over turning moment in X- Dir

Floor No
Force on
each floor
Height (H)
from
foundation
over turning
moment
1 2 3.0 5.233206761
2 4 6.0 26.23227693
3 6 9.0 54.65057693
4 8 12.0 97.15658121
5 10 15.0 151.8071581
6 12 18.0 218.6023077
7 14 21.0 297.5420299
8 16 24.0 388.6263248
9 18 27.0 491.8551924
10 20 30.0 607.2286325
11 22 33.0 734.7466454
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
total 10

3073.680933

Lateral Load Distribution:
Entered and Calculated Coefficient:
Floor No. Floor
Load (W)
Height (H)
from
foundation
Wi x Hi Force on
each
floor
1 474 3.0 1422 2
Z 0.20 2 594 6.0 3564 4
I 1.00 3 550 9.0 4950 6
K 1.00 4 550 12.0 6600 8
C 0.10 5 550 15.0 8250 10
S 1.15 6 550 18.0 9900 12
W 6018.00 7 550 21.0 11550 14
8 550 24.0 13200 16
V = 133.63 9 550 27.0 14850 18
10 550 30.0 16500 20
Additional force at roof level (Ft) = 0.07 T . V 11 550 33.0 18150 22
(max. 0.25 V ; = 0 if T <= 0.7) 12 0 0.0 0 0
13 0 0.0 0 0
Chosen "T" = 0.48 14 0 0.0 0 0
Caculated "Ft" = 4.46 15 0 0.0 0 0
Caculated "0.25 V" = 33.41 S 6018 108936 134
Ft = 0.00 T < or = 0.7

Loads

At X Direction

At Y Direction


2-2-2. Response spectrum

A- Response spectrum types

B- Selected soil type

Value of damping coefficient = 1
Value of a
g
/g

A
g
/g =0.125


C- Response modification factor R- (Reduction factor)

R=5

E- Importance Factor

Ordinary Residential Building
I = 1

F- Modelling Requirements

The mathematical model of the physical structure shall include all elements of the lateral force-resisting
system. The model shall also include the stiffness and strength of elements, which are significant to the
distribution of forces and shall represent the spatial distribution of the mass and stiffness of the structure.
In addition, stiffness properties shall consider the effects of cracked sections. A reduction factor of

Calculated story drift shall not exceed 0.01 times the story height.
Calculated Total drift at the final floor shall not exceed H/500, where H is the total Height of Building.

G- Total Weight of Building

Due to Ordinary Residential Building
So W
t =
D.L +0.25 L.L

Beam Ieff/Ig 0.5
Column Ieff/Ig 0.7
Wall Ieff/Ig 0.7
Slabs Ieff/Ig 0.25
Reduction factor of stiffness properties

The Egyptian code of loads (201-2012)



T1= 0 0.1 0.25 0.4 0.75 1 1.2 1.3 2 3 4
SR 0.1875 0.46875 0.46875 0.292969 0.15625 0.117188 0.097656 0.08321 0.035156 0.02 0.02

hi
Wi
(ton) hi wi Fi (ton) Base Monet
2.7 866 2338.2 4.519231928 12.20192621
5.8 884 5127.2 9.909762185 57.47662068
8.8 841 7400.8 14.30413637 125.8764
11.8 841 9923.8 19.18054649 226.3304486
14.8 841 12446.8 24.05695662 356.0429579
17.8 841 14969.8 28.93336674 515.013928
20.8 841 17492.8 33.80977687 703.2433589
23.8 841 20015.8 38.68618699 920.7312504
26.8 841 22538.8 43.56259712 1167.477603
29.8 841 25061.8 48.43900724 1443.482416
32.8 841 27584.8 53.31541737 1748.74569
Summations 9319 164900.6 318.717 7276.6226

SOIL TYPE A,B,C or D = c
ZONE 1,2,3,4,5A or 5B = 2
REDUCTION FACTOR (R) = 5
Total Weight of building (TON)= 9319
TOTAL HEIGHT of building (m)= 32.8
IMPORTANCE FACTOR 1 or 1.2 = 1
Input Data
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5
RESPONSE SPECTRUM CURVE

1.8. LOAD COMBINATIONS

E1 = 1.12 D.L. & 1.28 L.L & 0.8 EQx1
E2 = 1.12 D.L. & 1.28 L.L & -0.8 EQx1
E3 = 1.12 D.L. & 1.28 L.L & 0.8 EQx2
E4 = 1.12 D.L. & 1.28 L.L & -0.8 EQx2
E5 = 1.12 D.L. & 1.28 L.L & 0.8 EQY1
E6 = 1.12 D.L. & 1.28 L.L & -0.8 EQY1
E7 = 1.12 D.L. & 1.28 L.L & 0.8 EQY2
E8 = 1.12 D.L. & 1.28 L.L & -0.8 EQY2
E9 = 0.9 D.L. & 1.3 EQX1
E10 = 0.9 D.L. & -1.3 EQX1
E11 = 0.9 D.L. & 1.3 EQX2
E12 = 0.9 D.L. & -1.3 EQX2
E13 = 0.9 D.L. & 1.3 EQY1
E14 = 0.9 D.L. & -1.3 EQY1
E15 = 0.9 D.L. & 1.3 EQY2
E16 = 0.9 D.L. & - 1.3 EQY2

Because of wind is not affected in Egypt
We designed under seismic loads only

P= 0.8(1.4 DL+1.6 LL+ lateral)
P= (0.9DL +1.3 Lateral)
Case (2)
Case (3)
P= (1.4 DL+1.6LL)
Case (1)
Combinations for Lateral Loads

3.3D FINITE ELEMENT MODEL



Max drift in X Direction= 0.03576m

Max drift in Y Direction= 0.04042m

Allowable Drift
D=H/500
=32.8/500
=0.0656 m
Hense, Drift due to Seismic is less than allowabe
Safe Drift.

4. DESIGN OF VERTICAL ELEMENTS

DESIGN OF COLUMNS
DESIGN OF SHEAR WALLS


4.1 DESIGN OF COLUMNS

Material Properties:
F
cu
= 250.00 kg/cm2
E
c
= 221359.40 kg/cm2
F
y
= 3600.00 kg/cm2
E
s
= 2000000.00 kg/cm2
Bracing System:
Braced in both X and Y directions
Geometry:
Rectangular column
Column Type:
Short Column
Reinforcement:
Confinement: Tied
Cover = 25.00 mm
Steel Area: 8 16
Steel Ratio = .77%
Min Steel Ratio = 0.60%
Max Steel Ratio = 4.00%
Stirrups: 2 8
Stirrups Spacing = 16.60 cm

C1 (30x50) cm

F
cu
= 250.00 kg/cm2
E
c
= 221359.40 kg/cm2
F
y
= 3600.00 kg/cm2
E
s
= 2000000.00 kg/cm2
Bracing System:
Geometry:
Rectangular column
Column Type:
Short Column
Reinforcement:
Confinement: Tied
Cover = 25.00 mm
Steel Area: 12 16
Steel Ratio = 1.15 %
Stirrups:3 8

C2 (30x70) cm

F
cu
= 250.00 kg/cm2
E
c
= 221359.40 kg/cm2
F
y
= 3600.00 kg/cm2
E
s
= 2000000.00 kg/cm2
Bracing System:
Geometry:
Rectangular column
Column Type:
Short Column
Reinforcement:
Confinement: Tied
Cover = 25.00 mm
Steel Area: 14 16
Steel Ratio = 0.94 %
Stirrups: 3 8

C3 (30x100) cm

F
cu
= 250.00 kg/cm2
E
c
= 221359.40 kg/cm2
F
y
= 3600.00 kg/cm2
E
s
= 2000000.00 kg/cm2
Bracing System:
Geometry:
Rectangular column
Column Type:
Short Column
Reinforcement:
Confinement: Tied
Cover = 25.00 mm
Steel Area: 18 16
Steel Ratio =1.01%
Stirrups: 3 8

C4 (30x120) cm

F
cu
= 250.00 kg/cm2
E
c
= 221359.40 kg/cm2
F
y
= 3600.00 kg/cm2
E
s
= 2000000.00 kg/cm2
Bracing System:
Geometry:
Rectangular column
Column Type:
Short Column
Reinforcement:
Confinement: Tied
Cover = 25.00 mm
Steel Area: 20 16
Steel Ratio =1.03%
Stirrups: 3 8

C5 (30x130) cm

F
cu
= 250.00 kg/cm2
E
c
= 221359.40 kg/cm2
F
y
= 3600.00 kg/cm2
E
s
= 2000000.00 kg/cm2
Bracing System:
Geometry:
Rectangular column
Column Type:
Short Column
Reinforcement:
Confinement: Tied
Cover = 25.00 mm
Steel Area: 22 16
Steel Ratio =0.98%
Stirrups: 2 8

C6 (30x150) cm

F
cu
= 250.00 kg/cm2
E
c
= 221359.40 kg/cm2
F
y
= 3600.00 kg/cm2
E
s
= 2000000.00 kg/cm2
Bracing System:
Geometry:
Rectangular column
Column Type:
Short Column
Reinforcement:
Confinement: Tied
Cover = 25.00 mm
Steel Area: 24 16
Steel Ratio =0.80%
Stirrups: 2 8

C7 (40x150) cm

4.2 DESIGN OF SHEAR WALLS AND CORE

Basic Design Parameters
Caption = SW1
Default Concrete Strength, Fc = 250 kg/cm^2
Default Concrete Modulus, Ec = 240000 kg/cm^2
Maximum Concrete Strain = 0.003 in/in

Rebar Set = User
Default Rebar Yeild Strength, Fy = 3600 kg/cm^2
Default Rebar Modulus, Es = 2000000 kg/cm^2
Default Cover to Rebars = 2.50 cm
Maximum Steel Strain = Infinity

Transverse Rebar Type = Ties

Total Shapes in Section = 1
Consider Slenderness = No

Cross-section Shapes
Shape Width Height Conc Fc S/S Curve
cm cm kg/cm^2
Rectangular
Shape 30.00 300.00 250.00 PCA Parabola

Rebar Properties
Basic Section Properties:
Total Width = 30.00 cm
Total Height = 300.00 cm
Center, Xo = 0.00 cm
Center, Yo = 0.00 cm

X-bar (Right) = 15.00 cm
X-bar (Left) = 15.00 cm
Y-bar (Top) = 150.00 cm
Y-bar (Bot) = 150.00 cm

Transformed Properties:
Base Material = fc' = 250 kg/cm^2

Area, A = 9,000.0 cm^2
Inertia, I33 = 6.75E+07 cm^4
Inertia, I22 = 6.75E+05 cm^4
Inertia, I32 = 0.00E+00 cm^4
Radius, r3 = 86.603 cm

3.08
0
.
3
0
8

1
2
6

1
2
m
6

1
2
m
8

1
2
SW1 (30x308) cm

Caption = SW2

Rebar Set = user



cm cm kg/cm^2
Rectangular

Rebar Properties

Y-bar (Top) = 180.00 cm
Y-bar (Bot) = 180.00 cm


Area, A = 1.08E+04 cm^2
Inertia, I33 = 1.17E+08 cm^4
Inertia, I22 = 8.10E+05 cm^4
Inertia, I32 = 0.00E+00 cm^4


3.60
0
.
3
0
8

1
2
8

1
2
6

1
2
m
6

1
2
m
SW2 (30x360) cm

Caption = SW3

Rebar Set = User



cm cm kg/cm^2
Rectangular

Rebar Properties
Basic Section Properties

Y-bar (Top) = 203.50 cm
Y-bar (Bot) = 203.50 cm


Area, A = 1.22E+04 cm^2
Inertia, I33 = 1.69E+08 cm^4
Inertia, I22 = 9.16E+05 cm^4
Inertia, I32 = 0.00E+00 cm^4


0
.
3
0
4.07
8

1
6
8

1
6
6

1
6
m
6

1
6
m
SW3 (30x407) cm

Caption = SW4

Rebar Set = User


cm cm kg/cm^2
Rectangular


Y-bar (Top) = 126.00 cm
Y-bar (Bot) = 126.00 cm


Area, A = 7,560.0 cm^2
Inertia, I33 = 4.00E+07 cm^4
Inertia, I22 = 5.67E+05 cm^4
Inertia, I32 = 0.00E+00 cm^4


2.52
0
.
3
0
6

1
2
m
6

1
2
m
4

1
2
4

1
2
SW4 (30x252) cm

Caption = SW5

Rebar Set = User


cm cm kg/cm^2
Rectangular


Y-bar (Top) = 206.00 cm
Y-bar (Bot) = 206.00 cm


Area, A = 1.24E+04 cm^2
Inertia, I33 = 1.75E+08 cm^4
Inertia, I22 = 9.27E+05 cm^4
Inertia, I32 = 0.00E+00 cm^4


0
.
3
0
4.12
8

1
6
8

1
6
6

1
6
m
6

1
6
m
SW5 (30x412) cm

Caption = core

Rebar Set = User


cm cm kg/cm^2
Rectangular


Y-bar (Top) = 129.20 cm
Y-bar (Bot) = 60.80 cm


Area, A = 1.62E+04 cm^2
Inertia, I33 = 5.55E+07 cm^4
Inertia, I22 = 2.44E+08 cm^4
Inertia, I32 = 0.00E+00 cm^4

Radius, r2 = 122.826 cm

1
.
9
0
3.18
1
.
9
0
0.25
0.25
6 22
6 22 6 22
6 22
6 12 m
6 18 m 6 18 m
6 12 m
CORE

SW1
SW2

SW3
SW4

SW5

5. DESIGN OF HORIZONTAL ELEMENTS
DESIGN OF SLABS
DESIGN OF STAIRS
DESIGN OF BEAMS


Thickness of two way slabs
=L/35 Simply supported
=L/40 Continuous from one side
=L/45 Continuous from two sides
Take T=12cm for all slabs
Check Deflection

Allowable deflection = L/250
=3.32/250 =0.013m
So actual deflection is .00794 < allowable
Safe deflection
5-1-1.Solid Slab (Typical Floors)

Design of Section
Use lower mesh in both directions (11, 22) 610 /m`

Fcu= 25 N/mm^2
Fy= 360 N/mm^2
cover = 20 mm
slabs Mu (Kn.m/m') b (mm) t (mm) d (mm) C1 J As (mm^2) As min As choose safty
1 3.7 1000 120 100 8.220 0.825 124.6 180.0 180.0 5 f 10 safe
2 1.6 1000 120 100 12.500 1.825 24.4 180.0 180.0 5 f 10 safe
3 5.3 1000 120 100 6.868 2.825 52.1 180.0 180.0 5 f 10 safe
4 2.1 1000 120 100 10.911 3.825 15.3 180.0 180.0 5 f 10 safe
Rft.

Thickness of slab without drop panel
=L/32 External panel
=L/36 Internal panel
Check Deflection

=3.32/360 =0.0092m
Safe deflection

5-2-2.Flat Slab (First Floor)

Design of Section

Check Punching
Column 1


a=c+d/2
=.3+0.16/2=0.38 m
b= c+d
=1+0.16=1.16 m

A
net
=2*3.46-0.38*1.16= 6.83 m2
b0 =1.16+2*0.38=1.92 m
Q=Wu *A
net

=( 0.18*2.5+0.15+0.2)*6.83= 5.464 ton
qb = Q*103 / b
o
* d = 5.464*104 / 1920 *160 =0.178 MPa

=1.29 MPa
qall 0.8(*d/b0 + 0.2)
=1.1 MPa
0.316(a/b +0.5)
=2.2 Mpa
1.6 MPa

q
all
= 1.1 MPa q
p

Safe Punching


Column 2


a=c+d/2
=.3+0.16=0.46 m
b= c+d
=0.7+0.16=0.86 m

A
net
=2.52*4-0.46*0.86= 9.68 m2
b0 =2*0.86+2*0.46=2.64 m
Q=Wu *A
net

=( 0.18*2.5+0.15+0.2)*9.68= 7.744 ton
qb = Q*103 / b
o
* d = 7.744*104 / 2640 *160 =0.183 kg/cm2

=1.29 MPa
qall 0.8(*d/b0 + 0.2)
=1.44 MPa
0.316(a/b +0.5)
=3.05 Mpa
1.6 MPa

q
all
= 1.1 MPa q
p

Safe Punching


Thickness of slab without drop panel
=L/32 External panel
=L/36 Internal panel
Check Deflection

=3.32/360 =0.0092m
Safe deflection

5-1-2.Flat Slab (Ground Floor)

5-2. DESIGN OF STAIRS

Using SAP2000 V16


Statically system

Concrete dimension
L`=

=3.05m
T
S=
for steel 400/600

T
S=

=13cm
Take T
S
= 15cm
Loads
Wu=1.5(ts c +F.c + L.L)
W
u h
=1.5(.2*2.5+.2+.3) =1.50 t/m
2
W
u in
=1.5((.2*2.5)/(cos29.4)+.2+.3)=1.61 t/m

MANUAL DESIGN


Straining action
Max Moment=6.40 ton.m

Design
D=ts-cover
=20-2=18cm
D=C
1

18=C
1
/

C
1
=3.9
J=.8
As
= 12.34 cm
2
/m`
Use 716/m`


Using Eng M.Zaghlal Program

5-3. DESIGN OF BEAMS

Input data
M
U
4.4 t.m
f
y

3600 Kg/cm
2

Q
U
5 t
f
cu

250 Kg/cm
2

b 12 cm
E
s

2E+06 Kg/cm
2

t 70 cm d 65 cm

* Design of Beams

concrete Fcu =
250
kg/cm
2

Steel F
y
=
3600
kg/cm
2

Sec.
Ult.
Moment
Mu (m.t)
Breadth
b (cm)
Depth t
(cm)
C1 J
As
(cm)
Rft. Notes
1 4.4 12
70
5.780 0.826 2.11 12 2 12 safe

* Check Of shear in beams

Concrete F
cu
=
300
kg/cm
2

Concrete q
all
=
10.607
kg/cm
2

Stirrups F
y
=
2400
kg/cm
2

Sec.
Ult.
Shear
Breadth
b (cm)
Depth
t (cm)
q
u

As
(cm)
NO. of
Branch
Stirrups Notes
Q
u
(ton) (kg/cm
2
)
1 5 12 70 5.952 0.004 2 8 6 8 safe
Sec Beam (B1)

0.12
0
.
7
0
6 8 m
2 12
2 12

Input data
M
U
8.8 t.m
f
y

3600 Kg/cm
2

Q
U
9 t
f
cu

250 Kg/cm
2

b 12 cm
E
s

2E+06 Kg/cm
2

t 70 cm d 65 cm

* Design of Beams

concrete Fcu =
250
kg/cm
2

Steel F
y
=
3600
kg/cm
2

Sec.
Ult.
Moment
Mu (m.t)
Breadth
b (cm)
Depth t
(cm)
C1 J
As
(cm)
Rft. Notes
2 8.8
12
70 4.087 0.807 4.33 12 4 12 safe


Concrete F
cu
=
250
kg/cm
2

Concrete q
all
=
10.607
kg/cm
2

Stirrups F
y
=
2400
kg/cm
2

Sec.
Ult.
Shear
Breadth
b (cm)
Depth
t (cm)
q
u

As
(cm)
NO. of
Branch
Stirrups Notes
Q
u
(ton) (kg/cm
2
)
2 9 12 70 10.714 0.031 2 8 6 8 safe
0.12
0
.
7
0
6 8 m
4 12
4 12
Sec Beam (B2)


Input data
M
U
13 t.m
f
y

3600 Kg/cm
2

Q
U
9 t
f
cu

250 Kg/cm
2

b 12 cm
E
s

2E+06 Kg/cm
2

t 70 cm d 65 cm

* Design of Beams

concrete Fcu =
250
kg/cm
2

Steel F
y
=
3600
kg/cm
2

Sec.
Ult.
Moment
Mu (m.t)
Breadth
b (cm)
Depth t
(cm)
C1 J
As
(cm)
Rft. Notes
3 13 12 70 3.363 0.773 6.67 16
2 16
2 12
safe

( With the same way shear in beam safe at 6 8 / m
\
)

0.12
0
.
7
0
6 8 m
2 16
2 12
2 16
2 12
Sec Beam (B3)


Input data
M
U
15 t.m
f
y

3600 Kg/cm
2

Q
U
10 t
f
cu

250 Kg/cm
2

b 12 cm
E
s

2E+06 Kg/cm
2

t 70 cm d 65 cm

* Design of Beams

concrete Fcu =
250
kg/cm
2

Steel F
y
=
3600
kg/cm
2

Sec.
Ult.
Moment
Mu (m.t)
Breadth
b (cm)
Depth t
(cm)
C1 J
As
(cm)
Rft. Notes
4 15 12 70 3.130 0.756 7.88 16 4 16 safe

(With the same way shear in beam safe at 6 8 / m
\
)

0.12
0
.
7
0
6 8 m
4 16
4 16
Sec Beam (B4)


Input data
M
U
18 t.m
f
y

3600 Kg/cm
2

Q
U
13.8 t
f
cu

250 Kg/cm
2

b 25 cm
E
s

2E+06 Kg/cm
2

t 70 cm d 65 cm

* Design of Beams

concrete Fcu =
250
kg/cm
2

Steel F
y
=
3600
kg/cm
2

Sec.
Ult.
Moment
Mu (m.t)
Breadth
b (cm)
Depth t
(cm)
C1 J
As
(cm)
Rft. Notes
1 17 25 70 4.244 0.812 8.31 16 5 16 safe


Concrete F
cu
=
250
kg/cm
2

Concrete q
all
=
10.607
kg/cm
2

Stirrups F
y
=
2400
kg/cm
2

Sec.
Ult.
Shear
Breadth
b (cm)
Depth
t (cm)
q
u

As
(cm)
NO. of
Branch
Stirrups Notes
Q
u
(ton) (kg/cm
2
)
1 13.8 25 70 7.886 0.031 2 8 6 8 safe

0
.
7
0
6 8 m
2 16
6 16
0.25
2 12
Sec Beam (B5)


FINAL DESIGN OF BEAMS
* Design of Beams

concrete Fcu =
250
kg/cm
2

Steel F
y
=
3600
kg/cm
2

Sec.
Ult.
Moment
Mu (m.t)
Breadth
b (cm)
Depth t
(cm)
C1 J
As
(cm)
R.F.T Notes
1 4.4 12 70 5.780 0.826 2.11 12 2 12 safe
2 8.8 12 70 4.087 0.807 4.33 12 4 12 safe
3 13 12 70 3.363 0.773 6.67 16
2 16
2 12
safe
4 15 12 70 3.130 0.756 7.88 16 4 16 safe
5 18 12 70 2.858 0.728 9.82 16 6 16 safe


Concrete F
cu
=
250
kg/cm
2

Concrete q
all
=
10.607
kg/cm
2

Stirrups F
y
=
2400
kg/cm
2

Sec.
Ult.
Shear
Breadth
b (cm)
Depth
t (cm)
q
u

As
(cm)
NO. of
Branch
Stirrups Notes
Q
u
(ton) (kg/cm
2
)
1 5 12 70 5.952 0.004 2 8 6 8 safe
2 9 12 70 10.714 0.031 2 8 6 8 safe
3 9 12 70 10.714 0.031 2 8 6 8 safe
4
10 12 70 11.905 0.038 2 8 6 8 safe
5 13.5 25 70 7.714 0.029 2 8 6 8 safe


DESIGN OF FOUNDATION
DESIGN OF RAFT
DESIGN OF PILE CAP


Thickness of Raft
Mx=72.25 ton.m
D=

D=
=80.64 cm
Take D=110 cm

Check Stress under raft due to axial loads only
-Get eccentricity
Normal=-13558.7 t
M
x
=151826.11 t.m Y`= M
x
/N = 11.2 m
M
y
=22692.8 t.m X`= M
y
/N =19.28 m
e
x
= 19.28-19.08 = 0.2 m
e
y
= 11.2-11.07 = 0.13 m
In order to eliminate eccentricity in Y Direction
We took 30cm projection of raft in street in Y Direction so M
x
= zero
-Get Additional moments due to eccentricity
M
Y
= N*e
y

= 13558.7*0.2=2711.74 t.m
Drawing showing that
6-1.SHALLOW FOUNDATION (RAFT)


Center of Mass and Center of Area

19.08
0.13
0.20
1
1
.
0
7
0.30
X
Y
5.29
9.45
9.70
X
Y

Get Properties of Section
Area =821 m2
Iy =100367 m4
X =18.84 m

-Allowable stress
q
all
= q
allnet
+
s
*D
F
-
p.c
* t
p.c
-
R.c
* t
R.c
L.L
= 15 + 1.8*4.1 2.2*.3 -2.5*1.1 -.5 = 18.47 t/m2
-Actual stress
F
max
= -

*
x
= -

= -17.15 t/m2 < -18.47t/m2
Less than allowable (safe)
F
min
= -
* x
= -

= -16.12 t/m2 < zero
No tension stress (safe)

2.70
1.10
0.30
4.10
0.5 ton / m
2.70
1.10
0.30
4.10
0.5 ton / m

Pile cap
Manual Calculations
6-2.Deep FOUNDATION (Pile Cap)

Calculation Note by Eng. Magdy Mahmoud

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Calculation Note by Eng. Magdy Mahmoud

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Graduation Project Eng.

for steel 400/600

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