CNS: GEAS 4

CHEMISTRY
1. What was the first major demonstration of a chemical reaction that produced
heat?
A.
mold C. ice
.
fire ! ". earth#ua$e
%. "urin& the "ar$ A&es' alchemists
A.
promised to turn lead into &old
.
were the first true e(perimentin& chemists
C.
disco)ered cr*stalli+ation and distillation procedures
".
all of these !
,. A h*pothesis is
A.
container or performin& e(periments
.
wa* to descri-e heat transfer -etween minerals
C.
sterile medical de)ice
".
statement or idea that descri-es or attempts to e(plain o-ser)a-le
information!
4. Which earl* scientist accuratel* descri-ed the confi&uration of the Sun' .oon'
and planets in relationship to each other?
A.
/inus 0aulin& C. Nicolas Copernicus !
.
Claudius 0tolem* ". /eonardo da 1inci
2. An e(periment is
A.
controlled testin& of the properties of a su-stance or s*stem throu&h
carefull* recorded measurements !
.
an uncontrolled testin& of the properties of a su-stance or s*stem throu&h
carefull* recorded measurements
C.
a one3time reportin& of a few o-ser)a-le characteristics
".
a -ad choice -rou&ht on -* peer pressure
4. Who is said to -e the founder of the scientific method?
A.
Ale(ander 5lemin& C. Galileo Galilei !
.
6oseph 0riestl* ". Antone /a)oisier
7. A theor*
A.
accounted for a ruler8s need to produce &old from +inc
.
is the result of sudden aspiration durin& a li&htnin& storm
C.
predicts the outcome of new testin& -ased on past e(perimental data!
".
is a t*pe of atomic particle
9. 6ohn "alton proposed the first theor* on
A.
the rotation of the satellite around Saturn
.
the characteristics of indi)idual atoms and particles!
C.
the comple( interaction of solids when melted
".
the neutrali+ation pf p:
;. A scientific law is -ased descri-ed as
A.
a series of rules made -* the representati)es of the &o)ernment
.
a &ood idea that man* people a&ree )oluntaril*
C.
the transmutation of lead into &old
".
a h*pothesis or theor* that is tested repeatedl* with the same results and
thou&ht to -e without e(ception!
1<. =he law of partial pressures can -e -est descri-ed -* the followin&
e#uation:
A.
0
total
> 0
1
? 0
%
? 0
,
!
.
0
total
> @0
1
? 0
%
AB 0
,
C.
0
total
> @0
1
? 0
%
A C
".
0
total
> %@0
1
? 0
%
? 0
,
A
11. Chemistr* is $nown as
A.
an attraction -etween two people
.
an e(act science
C.
an e(perimental science !
".
a method to descri-e units of heat
1%. Dn 147<' Ga-riel .outon su&&ested
A.
a law of partial pressures
.
the -oilin& point of alcohol
C.
=he Sun as the center of the uni)erse
".
a decimal s*stem of measurement !
1,. =he Dnternational S*stem of Enits @SDA ha how man* -ase units?
A.
4 . 4 C. 7 ! ". ;
14. E(ponential or scientific notation is
A.
method where num-ers are written in powers of 1< !
.
a shorthand method of num-er accountin&
C.
a wa* to write )er* lar&e and )er* small num-ers
".
all of these
12. =he num-er of di&its recorded in a measurement is
A.
alwa*s whole num-ers
.
si&nificant di&its or fi&ures !
C.
a wa* to count on *our fin&ers
".
the method of includin& all +eros
14. 0recision is descri-ed as
A.
more accurate than e(cision
.
less accurate than two si&nificant di&its
C.
the closeness of two sets of measured &roups of )alues !
".
the e#ual spacin& of num-ers around a common num-er
17. Accurac* is
A.
more precise than two si&nificant di&its
.
the closeness pf two sets of measured &roups of )alues
C.
onl* applica-le to e(perimental measurement
".
the closeness of a sin&le measurement to its true )alue !
19. Foundin& is used primaril* to
A.
sum up si&nificant fi&ures
.
drop non3si&nificant di&its in calculation !
C.
drop di&its &reater than 2
".
increase all num-ers to the most certain num-er
1;. Con)ersion factors ma$e use of
A.
relationship -etween two units or #uantities in fractional form !
.
the fact that units are alwa*s written as whole num-ers
C.
num-ers which cannot -e di)ided into smaller units
".
a direct connection -etween wei&ht and )olume
%<. Which of the units -low is an e(ample of SD deri)ed units?
A.
cmBm C. mB$&
%
.
mBs
%
". mBft
%
Properties of Matter
%1. .atter is
A.
a le&al term
.
somethin& found in the lower atmosphere
C.
an*thin& that has mass and occupies space !
".
an*thin& that can -e seen
%%. Atoms
A.
are found onl* in solid materials
.
were thou&ht to ne(t to the smallest particles
C.
were first found in ants
".
contain particles such as protons and neutrons !
%,. 0h*sical properties of matter
A.
contain all heat3-earin& compounds
.
include color' form' densit*' and -oilin& point !
C.
are onl* )isi-le under ultra)iolet li&ht
".
are directl* related to muscle mass
%4. 0ure su-stances
A.
are homo&enous and ha)e unchan&in& chemical composition !
.
are hetero&eneous and ha)e unchan&in& chemical compositions
C.
seldom e(ist in nature
".
are found in cu-ic form onl*
%2. Antoine /a)oisier
A.
is called the father of modern chemistr*
.
identified ,, elements
C.
should ha)e sta*ed awa* from &o)ernment ta(ation
".
all of these !
%4. Solids
A.
ha)e measura-le )olume and can chan&e shape
.
are alwa*s hea)* to transport
C.
are fi(ed and ri&id with a measura-le )olume !
".
chan&e shape with little effort
%7. Chemical properties
A.
descri-e a material8s -eha)iour when acted on -* somethin& else !
.
are those thin&s that can -e seen
C.
are associated with water8s free+in& point
".
are defined as solids' li#uids' and &ases
%9. An element
A.
is an animal' )e&eta-le' or mineral
.
is made up of pure chemical and not di)ided into simpler parts !
C.
can -e separated into neutrons and protons
".
is a si(3sided solid
%;. 0ercent
A.
comes from the /atin word machine
.
can -e calculated for diamond facets
C.
is the num-er of parts of one material found in another !
".
is an ancient form of Gree$ countin&
,<. arium is
A.
&reen in color and melts at 4%7GC
.
ne)er used in medicine
C.
a different compound completel* when melted
".
sil)er* white and found in the solid state !
Elements, Symbols, and the Periodic Table
,1. When 6ohn Newlands made a list of the elements in the 194<8s' he
A.
noticed the list seemed far lon&er than he remem-ered
.
wrapped the list around his fa)ourite mineral sample
C.
saw that the elements lined up and repeated in &roups of ei&ht !
".
sae similarities -etween elements and called it Newlands rule
,%. Who pu-lished Die Modernen Theorien der Chemie in 1944?
A.
6ohnnes Hepler
.
/othar .e*er !
C.
Antonie a&u*er de Chancourtois
".
"imitri .endele*)
,,. Currentl*' the modern 0eriodic =a-le contains how man* elements?
A.
27
.
99
C.
1<;
".
-etween 11% and 119 dependin& which research papers *ou read !
,4. Which of the followin& is not an elemental famil* &roup?
A.
halo&en C. al$ali metal
.
rare Earth ". allo* !
,2. =he followin& are all names for the element sulphur' e(cept
A.
schwefel C. selenur !
.
s)a)el ". a+ufre
,4. I)er 1<< *ears a&o' the 0eriodic ta-le contained &aps -ecause
A.
e(perimental data hinted at elements in -etween $nown elements !
.
researchers couldn8t a&ree on which elements to include
C.
e(perimental e#uipment wasn8t accurate enou&h to find elements
".
scientists didn8t transcri-e earlier 0eriodic =a-les correctl*
,7. =he formula @C
4
:
4
ClA
%
C:CCl
,
is shorthand for what compound?
A.
acet*l chloride
.
dichlorodiphen*ltrichloroethane!
C.
pol*prop*lene dichloride
".
chlorofluorocar-on
,9. =he standardi+ed s*stem of namin& chemical compounds is called
A.
the ernouli rule C. chemical nomenclature !
.
the 0eriodic =a-le ". the Icta)e rule
,;. All the metals listed -elow are solid at room temperature e(cept
A.
mercur* ! C. mol*-denum
.
tin ". iron
4<. =he %9 elements potassium@HA throu&h $r*pton @HrA are found in
A.
&roup 7 of the 0eriodic =a-le
.
period 4 of the 0eriodic =a-le
C.
&oupr 2 of the 0eriodic =a-le
".
period 4 of the 0eriodic =a-le !
Atoms, Elements, and Compounds
41. Electrons are
A.
su-3atomic particles with a ?1 char&e
.
e#ual to the num-er of protons in a nucleus !
C.
said to -e charmed
".
su-3atomic particles with a ?% char&e
4%. =he Jplum puddin&K model of an atom was replaced -u the
A.
or-ital theor* of protons and neutrons !
.
Jplum puddin&K model with currants
C.
.e*er model of electrons
".
Icta)e rule
4,. =he modern concept of the atom was de)eloped -*
A.
E. W. .uller C. /othar .e*er
.
6.6. =homson ". Ernest Futherford
44. 0rotons share the dense nucleus with
A.
neutrons ! C. #uar$s
.
molecules ". atoms
42. =he arran&ement of atoms in a molecule can
A.
cause e(plosi)e reactions
.
affect the reacti)it* of a molecule
C.
mean the difference -etween hadrons
".
predict when it will -e disco)ered !
44. =he force that -inds two or more atoms to&ether is $nown as
A.
chemical -ond ! C. joules
.
)alence ". electroma&netism
47. A structural formula shows
A.
the calculated distance -etween atoms
.
the molecular wei&ht of a molecule
C.
the )alenc* of o(*&en
".
how an element is connected to others in a molecule !
49. An atom
A.
is 1<
39
An&stroms in diameter
.
is composed of different su-3particles !
C.
has onl* two electrons in each or-ital shell
".
is classified as stran&e and charmed
4;. A molecular formula
A.
&i)es the total num-er of moles in a compound
.
is used onl* in deri)ed chemical compounds
C.
&i)es the num-er of each elemental atom in a molecule !
".
is hand* to ha)e' -ut doesn8t include all the elements
2<. =he neutron is a su-3atomic particle
A.
with no electric char&e !
.
with a 31 electric char&e
C.
smaller than an electron
".
with n counterpart within the atom
Electron Confiuration
21. =he Auf-au principle
A.
defines the undefined particles of the nucleus
.
is a method used to descri-e an atom8s &round state !
C.
pro)ides radioacti)e le)els of elements
".
lists the ne&ati)e and positi)e spin of atoms
2%. Electrons ha)e
A.
a positi)e char&e
.
are unreacti)e in the metal &roup
C.
ser)e as the &lue -etween nuclei of atoms !
".
ha)e onl* two outermost or-its
2,. Doni+ation ener&* of an element
A.
is the amount of thrust needed to fl* at mach speed
.
is the ener&* a neutron &enerates
C.
cannot -e calculated or o-ser)ed
".
is the ener&* needed to detach an electron from an elemental atom !
24. No-le &ases
A.
are hi&hl* reacti)e with helium
.
are hi&hl* reacti)e with strontium
C.
are unreacti)e under normal conditions !
".
are not related to no-ilit*
22. A -ond -etween atoms in a molecule is
A.
made up of a shared electron pair !
.
stron&er than static electricit*
C.
alwa*s located in the ,s or-ital
".
onl* a dou-le -ond
24. Elements in column D1 of the 0eriodic =a-le ha)e
A.
three electrons with which to create -onds
.
four electrons with which to create -onds !
C.
fi)e electrons with which to create -onds
".
unreacti)e -ondin& electrons for other elements
27. =he electron confi&uration of an atom
A.
is determined -* the amount of $inetic ener&* present
.
is found -* calculatin& atomic mass
C.
is written as s' p' d' and f su-shells
".
descri-ed the specific distri-ution of electrons in a su-shell !
29. 5reidrich :und wor$ed on
A.
calculatin& the ener&* si&nature of calcium
.
the nature of electron spin
C.
the lowest ener&* arran&ements of su-shells electrons !
".
his famil*8s tulip farm until he was twel)e
2;. =he num-er of -onds an atom can form with other atoms
A.
depends on its o)erall si+e
.
is calculated usin& or-ital theor*
C.
depends on the specific &ra)it* of the atom
".
depends on the num-er of electrons it can share !
4<. =he 0auli e(clusion principle states that
A.
an* atoms with a free s or-ital can form -onds
.
no two can occup* the same or-ital unless their spins are different !
C.
two atoms sharin& an or-ital are matched e(actl*
".
atoms of the same confi&uration do not chan&e
Concentration and Molarity
41. Concentration
A.
is most important to understand chemistr*
.
is the )olume per )elocit* of molecular mo)ement
C.
can mean the difference -etween life and death !
".
is found -* mi(in& a wea$ acid and stron& acid
4%. 0ercent mass of solution
A.
is used to find the amount of solute in sol)ent !
.
is used to wei&h &rams onto a scientific -alance
C.
ne)er uses the total mass of the solute
".
can -e achie)ed without $nowin& the atomic wei&ht of the chemicals in)ol)ed
4,. Chemical concentrations are most often e(pressed as
A.
ppc @parts per centimetersA
.
pp- @parts per -illionA
C.
p&s @parts per &ram sol)entA
".
ppm @0arts per millionA !
44. .olarit*
A.
e#uals mass
.
is used to find &eneral amounts
C.
e#uals concentration !
".
has the opposite function of polarit*
42. A mole
A.
has 1<
%
atoms in a sample
.
has the same num-er of atoms in a sample as 1% &rams of
1%
C !
C.
is a small' -lac$' furr* rodent that li)es under&round
".
is seldom used in modern chemical calculations
44. A)o&adro8s num-er
A.
is e#ual to 4.<% ( 1<
%,
atoms or molecules !
.
is e#ual to 4.<% ( 1<
%,
atoms or molecules
C.
is e#ual to %.4< ( 1<
%,
atoms or molecules
".
is e#ual to %,.<% ( 1<
4
atoms or molecules
47. A)o&adro8s num-er
A.
was first su&&ested -* Anastasia A)o&adro
.
has ne)er -een pro)en decisi)el*
C.
is used to calculate the num-er of electrons in a sample
".
is e#ual to one mole !
49. Empirical formulas
A.
show the elements8 proportions in a compound
.
indicate pro-a-le ideal &as com-inations
C.
are alwa*s the same as the molecular formula
".
&i)e the whole num-er ration of elements in a compound !
4;. .olar mass @..A is measured in
A.
molesBsolute C. &ramsBmole !
.
&ramsBliter ". molesBsol)ent
7<. Dn order to con)ert mass to moles' *ou need
A.
a calculator
.
a list of atomic masses !
C.
the -oilin& point of the sol)ent
".
a )er* sensiti)e scale
The Hydroen Atom
71. :*dro&en is $e* to
A.
the ma$in& of candle wa(
.
-ondin& with car-on in or&anic molecules !
C.
radioacti)e reactions
".
the formation of o+one
7%. =he atomic num-er of h*dro&en is
A.
1 ! C. ,
.
% ". 4
7,. Dn water molecules' how man* o(*&en atomsA com-ine with h*dro&en atoms?
A.
1 C. ,
.
% ! ". 4
74. Feduction if the process of
A.
calculatin& the o(idation num-er of o(*&en
.
increasin& the o(idation num-er of h*dro&en
C.
losin& h*dro&en or electrons in a reaction
".
&ainin& h*dro&en or electrons in a reaction !
72. :*dro&en ma$es up rou&hl* what L of the uni)erse8s )isi-le mass?
A.
,,L C. 7<L
.
2<L ". ;<L !
74. I(idation is
A.
a @3A loss in o(idation num-er!
.
a @?A &ain in o(idation num-er
C.
onl* possi-le with o(*&en
".
a new form of acne medication
77. When h*dro&en sulphide -urns in o(*&en' the products
A.
are o(*&en and sulphur
.
are water and sulphur o(ide !
C.
smell li$e tea tree oil
".
smell li$e almonds
79. =he num-er used to trac$ electrons in a reaction is the
A.
atomic num-er C. ioni+ation num-er
.
reactant num-er ". o(idation num-er !
7;. What are the parts of the Jopposite theor*K?
A.
or&anic and inor&anic elements
.
cr*stalli+ations and condensation
C.
o(idation and reduction !
".
metals and non3metals
9<. When one element causes he o(idation of another element' it is
A.
o(idi+ed C. reduced !
.
an acid ". a -ase
Atomic !umbers and Ions
91. .onatomic ions
A.
are prett* -orin& C. ha)e onl* one atom !
.
ha)e less than one o(*&en ". contain actinium
9%. 9%. =he chemical prefi( -u means
A.
two atoms
.
dou-le the num-er of atoms
C.
containin& h*dro&en !
".
containin& o(*&en
9,. 0ol*atomic ions
A.
ha)e more than one atom !
.
less than one ion of o(*&en
C.
ha)e onl* one t*pe of atom
".
contain polonium
94. =he chemical prefi( h*po means
A.
less than one nitro&en atom
.
triple the num-er of h*dro&en atoms
C.
contains sulphur
".
contains one less o(*&en atom !
92. Gaps were included in the first 0eriodic =a-le
A.
-ecause the* didn8t understand the octet rule
.
to allow for undisco)ered elements !
C.
to ma$e it easier to write on one pa&e
".
to eliminate ar&uments a-out placement
94. 0ol*atomic ions
A.
ha)e no char&e C. ha)e ionic -onds
.
ha)e an o)erall char&e ! ". contain onl* o(*&en
97. 97. Dron can form how man* ions?
A.
4 C. % !
.
, ". 1
99. Germanium was
A.
disco)ered -* a Swiss chemist
.
named from the Gree$ word for &eranium
C.
disco)ered in 194%
".
slid into an open &ap in the first 0eriod =a-le !
9;. .endele)ium with an atomic num-er 1<1
A.
has 1<1 protons !
.
was named after the scientist Gre&or .endel
C.
was disco)ered in 1922
".
has no isotopes
;<. Dn chemistr*' the lowest common multiple is
A.
a ne&ati)e factor used in &eneral mathematics
.
easiest to use when the char&e from one ion is used as the multiplier for
the other ion !
C.
was first used -* Al-ert Einstein
".
is onl* used in &roup DDA of the 0eriodic =a-le
"ranic Chemistry and #unctional $roups
;1. Ir&anic chemistr* is -ased on
A.
nitro&en compound
.
protein pol*meri+ation
C.
car-on3-ased compounds !
".
the theor* of particle3wa)e chemistr*
;%. Which of the followin& does not contain car-on?
A.
car-oh*drates C. s*nthetic fi-ers
.
jet fuel ". ta-le salt !
;,. =he simplest h*drocar-on molecule is
A.
methane ! C. propane
.
ethane ". -utane
;4. =he -ond -etween the car-ons in the ethane is
A.
sin&le -ond C. dou-le -ond !
.
triple -ond ". #uadruple -ond
;2. =etrahedral -ondin& an&les of car-on are a-out
A.
%< de&rees C. ;< de&rees
.
42 de&rees ". 1<; de&rees !
;4. ;4. Al$anes are
A.
formed from N:% &roups
.
an e(ample of homolo&ous series !
C.
composed of man* different element &roups.
".
onl* found in or&anic compound reactions
;7. Since eth*ne is a linear molecule' the two car-ons form a triple -ond of
A.
19< de&ree an&les ! C. 1%< de&ree an&les
.
42 de&ree an&les ". 1<; de&ree an&les
;9. ond polarit*
A.
occurs in the northern hemisphere of the &lo-e
.
occurs when electron pairs are une#uall* shared -etween atoms !
C.
was disco)ered in 194%
".
is -est seen in &roup 1DDD of the 0eriodic =a-le
;;. Saturated h*drocar-on compounds
A.
contain man* dou-le -onds in lon& chains
.
contain triple -onds to o(*&en molecules
C.
are open to h*dro&en -ondin&
".
contain onl* sin&le -onds !
1<<. Car-on is
A.
the element that -onds with sulphur to from c*anide
.
una-le to from triple -onds with nitro&en
C.
found in &reater than ;2L of all $nown chemicals !
".
num-er 9 in the 0eriodic =a-le and has an atomic wei&ht of 14
Radiochemistry
1<1. Fadioacti)it* is -est descri-ed as
A.
a radio si&nal accompan* -* ener&* flow
.
)iolent reaction with water
C.
e(tremel* low le)els of )isi-le ener&* release
".
spontaneous disinte&ration of isotopes and radiation emission !
1<%. 5rederic$ Sodd* named isotopes from the Gree$ word iso meanin&
iA A. &lowin& C. easil* seen
iiA . same place ! ". -rittle
1<,. Elements with the same num-er of protons' -ut a different num-er of neutrons
are called
iA A. al$ali metals C. isotopes !
iiA . electron receptors ". co)alent -onds
1<4. eta @A particles are
A.
ions of neutral char&e
.
ne&ati)el* @3A char&ed particles !
C.
positi)el* @?A char&ed particles
".
non3e(istent in uni)erse
1<2. =ritium has
A.
1 electron and 1 proton
.
1 electron and 1 neutron
C.
% protons and % electrons
".
1 proton and % neutrons !
1<4. What is Jhea)*K water?
A.
water with mercur*
.
water made mostl* from deuterium and o(*&en !
C.
water made from % molecules of h*dro&en
".
an unreacti)e' neutral form of distilled water
1<7. What is the atomic num-er of
%4
.&?
A.
9 C. %%
.
1% ! ". ,7
1<9. Fadioacti)e deca* &enerall*
A.
occurs within seconds
.
&i)es off a &reat amount of heat
C.
ta$es place as a transformin& process o)er *ears
".
all of these !
1<;. Which of the followin& are all ma&ic num-ers?
A.
%' 9' %<' %9' 2<' 9%' 114 !
.
%' 9' %<' %4' 9%
C.
%' 9' 1%' %%' 2<' 9%' 114
".
%' 9' 19' %4' 49' 4<' 9%
11<. =ransmutation occurs when the
A.
electrons are thrown off in a reaction
.
low3speed interaction occurs -etween metals
C.
neutrons ha)e the same ma&ic num-er as electrons
".
nucleus of an element is hit -* particles of another element !
Metals
111. Which of the followin& element &roups are most widel* $nown?
A.
halo&ens C. transition metals !
.
metalloids ". lanthanides
11%. Which element is the -est conductor of electricit*?
A.
&old C. copper
.
sil)er ! ". aluminium
11,. .ost metals are naturall* fond
A.
as pure metals
.
in limestone roc$
C.
in steam -eds
".
com-ined with other elements in ores !
114. Gold is
A.
the most mallea-le and ductile metal !
.
not used in jewelr*
C.
not an o-session for alchemists
".
alwa*s used to fill ca)ities in teeth
112. :ow do electrons -eha)e in metal elements?
A.
the* are hi&hl* reacti)e
.
the* form lon&' linear molecules
C.
the* float around in metal ions li$e -roth !
".
the* react in ion pairs
114. What is re -enefit of electron sharin&?
A.
the -onds are easil* -ro$en
.
softer' more ductile allo*s are formed
C.
inner shell electrons can -e used
".
it is a much more efficient use of ener&* !
117. Which metal wins the JfriendliestK award?
A.
sodium . nic$el C. mercur* ". iron !
119. Which two metals com-ine to &i)e &al)ani+ed metal?
A.
lead and iron C. sil)er and aluminum
.
+inc and iron ! ". lead and sil)er
11;. Which of the followin& elements are stored in oil to pre)ent e(plosions?
A.
lithium ! C. *tter-ium
.
actinium ". strontium
1%<. When namin& compounds
A.
metals come after metal salts
.
two non3metals are named alpha-eticall*
C.
metal come -efore h*dro&en
".
metals come -efore non3metals !
1%1. A chemical -ond is a
A.
&ood interaction -etween friends
.
poor possi-ilit* with al$ali metals
C.
relationship -etween atoms in a molecule !
".
heat sensiti)e reaction inside the nucleus
1%%. Generall*' ionic -onds form -etween
A.
two metals !
.
a metal and o(*&en
C.
a metal and a halo&en
".
two non3metals and two car-ons
1%,. Donic -ond occurs
A.
with onl* one t*pe of anion
.
in the presence of hi&h temperature
C.
when electrons are transferred from one element to another !
".
in the presence of uranium
1%4. Electrone&ati)it* descri-es the
A.
-ad attitudes of chemists when e(periments don8t worl
.
ina-ilit* to maintain char&e
C.
electron loss in a co)alent -ond
".
a-ilit* of an atom in a co)alent -ond to pull electrons to itself !
1%2. =he shared electron pair in a molecule is called
A.
ionic -ondin& C. non3polar ionic -ondin&
.
co)alent -ondin&! ". isomer transfer
1%4. =he ease with which electrons are lost in a co)alent -ond is thou&h of as
A.
electropositi)it*! C. )alence e(chan&e
.
electrone&ati)it* ". electroma&netism
1%7. Which American chemist first descri-ed the electrical difference of -onds?
A.
Antoine /a)oisier C. Al-ert Einstien
.
Stephen :aw$in& ". /inus 0Aulin& !
1%9. Which of the followin& is the most electrone&ati)e element?
A.
&old C. -romine
.
sil)er ". fluorine !
1%;. A dipole moment
A.
descri-es the diatomic formation of two elements
.
occurs when all electrons circle the nucleus e#uall*
C.
is a measurement of the char&e separation in parts of a molecule !
".
is composed of two polonium isotopes
1,<. When electrons are shared une#uall*
A.
no reaction occurs
.
it is called polar co)alent -ondin& !
C.
the electrical char&e is alwa*s positi)e
".
onl* &roup DDA elements of the 0eriodic =a-le will react
Acids and %ases
1,1. Which of the followin& is not a propert* of an acid?
A.
has a p: M 7.< !
.
releases h*dro&en @:
?
A ions when added to water
C.
causes chemical -urns
".
none of these
1,%. A -ase
A.
has a p: N 7.<
.
does not cause chemical -urns
C.
does not ioni+e in water
".
is an* solution that releases h*dro(ide @I:A ions in water !
1,,. =he p: scale measures
A.
the wei&ht of a li#uid
.
the acidit* of a li#uid !
C.
the temperature of a li#uid
".
the densit* of a li#uid
1,4. Which of the followin& is not a Jrule of thum-K for decidin& whether or not
a solution is an acid?
A.
in dilute solutions' acids taste -itter !
.
litmus paper chan&es from -lue to red
C.
acids react with metals li$e iron' ma&nesium' and +inc and release h*dro&en
&as
".
when com-ined with -ases' the products are water and salt
1,2. Which of the followin& is not a Jrule of thum-K for decidin& whether or not
a solution is a -ase?
A.
Dn dilute solutions' -ases taste -itter
.
litmus paper chan&es from red to -lue
C.
-ases react with acid to form water and salt
".
-ases feel stic$* and tac$* -etween the fin&ers on the s$in !
1,4. 1,4. An acid is considered a stron& acid when
A.
com-ined with a -ase and &i)es off a )er* pun&ent odor
.
it has a p: )alue M ;.<
C.
it completel* ioni+es in water and &i)es up a proton to water to from a
h*dronium ion' :
,
I
?
!
".
it has stron& conju&ate -ase
1,7. A ronsted3/owr* acid
A.
chan&es litmus paper from red to -lue
.
donates a proton in a reaction while a -ase is on the recei)in& end of the
proto transfer !
C.
is a classification of a stron& acid
".
ioni+es almost completel* water
1,9. =o -e amphoteric
A.
a stron&er acid will -e transformed into products that include a wea$er acid
.
it is the element in the reaction that o(idi+es another element while at the
same time -ein& reduced itself
C.
a stron&er -ase ioni+es almost completel* in water' while wea$ -ases do not
".
an ion or more molecule an ser)e as either an acid or -ase in a reaction'
-ut has no protons @:
?
A
1,;. I(idation is
A.
when a compound loses o(*&en' &ains h*dro&en or &ains electrons
.
when a solution releases h*dro&en @:
?
A ions when added to water
C.
when a compound &ains o(*&en' loses h*dro&en' or loses electrons !
".
when acids and -ases can accept protons in one reaction then turn around and
donate in a su-se#uent reaction
14<. Chemists 6ohannes ronsted and =homas /owr*
A.
created litmus paper
.
disco)ered J-uffersK as sets of compounds that react with and occup*
h*dro&en ions @:
?
A and h*dro(ide ions @I:
3
A
C.
esta-lished the p: scale
".
descri-ed acids and -ases while stud*in& how proton transfer occurs !
Solids
141. Amorphous solids
A.
are &enerall* )er* dense
.
ha)e no specific form !
C.
-ecome )er* ri&id when heated
".
melt )er* fast when heated
14%. Which of the followin& is not true of a cr*stalline solid?
A.
the* are arran&ed into re&ular shapes -ased on a cu-eO simple' central' and
face centered
.
the* can -e predicta-l* cut or -ro$en alon& set lines
C.
the* tend to -e )er* unsta-le and can chan&e state )er* easil* !
".
the atoms &o to&ether into specific cr*stal patterns of an ordered lattice
or framewor$
14,. Which of the followin& is not a t*pe of solid?
A.
anatomic! C. co)alent
.
metallic ". ionic
144. Sta-le molecules that &i)e them fle(i-ilit* and allow them to -e formed into
sheets and strands without -rea$in& is a propert* of what t*pe of soloid?
A.
anatomic C.co)alent
.
metallic ! ". ionic
142. A solid that forms a lattice with the outside points made up of ions instead
of lar&e molecules is what t*pe of solid?
A.
anatomic C. co)alent
.
molecular ". ionic !
144. Which is not a propert* of a co)alent -ond?
A.
=he )er* sta-le -ondin& produces hi&h meltin& and -oilin& points
.
=he contrastin& forces &i)e these solids hi&h meltin& points !
C.
=he* are held to&ether -* sin&le co)alent -onds
".
Nets' chains' and J-allsK of car-on -onded into sta-le molecules ma$e these
solids hard and sta-le
147. =he role of temperature in a solid is
A.
secondar* to pressure
.
onl* important to transition metals
C.
a major pla*er in what form an element ta$es at room temperature !
".
insi&nificant
149. .etals found in the middle of the 0eriodic =a-le
A.
share a lot of the same characteristics !
.
rarel* react with other elements
C.
ha)e almost the same properties of &old
".
are limited to reaction with o(*&ens
14;. Gases are solids when
A.
there is an e(cess of o(*&en in the reaction
.
com-ined with lead or +inc
C.
not in the li#uid phase
".
the pressure is hi&h and he temperature lowered to su-3+ero le)els !
12<. .olecules in solids
A.
are alwa*s shaped into a lattice
.
ha)e )er* little mo)ement due to hi&h densit* !
C.
-ond easil* to car-on
".
are seldom or&anic in composition
&i'uids
121. "ensit* is
A.
determined -* the -oilin& point of the li#uid
.
measured in &rams per milliliter !
C.
the capa-ilit* of the li#uid to flow or not flow freel*
".
the measurement of how much &as can -e dissol)ed in the li#uid
12%. Felati)e densit* @specific &ra)it*A
A.
is the ration of the densit* of a sample in li#uid form di)ided -* the
densit* of the sample in solid form
.
is the ratio of the -oilin& point of li#uid at atmospheric pressure di)ided
-* the -oilin& point of a li#uid at two atmospheres
C.
measures )olume of a sample when placed in water
".
is the ratio of the densit* of a sample at %<GC di)ided -*t eh densit* of
water at 4GC. !
12,. 1iscosit* is the
A.
temperature at which a li#uid turns to a )apor @&asA at atmospheric pressure
.
temperature at which a )apor condenses into a li#uid
C.
capa-ilit* of a li#uid to flow or not flow freel* at room temperature !
".
a-ilit* of li#uid molecules to turn to )apor
124. Dn the petroleum industr*' the separation of different parts of naturall*
occurrin& crude oil and the collection of man* products is an e(ample of
A.
)apori+ation C. condensation
.
surface tension ". fractionation !
122. =he stron&er the molecular forces -etween molecules the
A.
lower the -oilin& point of a li#uid
.
more )iscous a li#uid !
C.
easier it is to condense
".
wea$er the surface tension
124. Surface tension
A.
is the force that pulls molecules down and to the sides !
.
is tha capa-ilit* of a li#uid to flow or not flow freel* at room temperature
C.
measures e)aporation rate of a li#uid
".
is the surfa)e of the li#uid where e)aporation ta$es place
127. 1apori+ation
A.
is when a )apor turns to a li#uid
.
is the capa-ilit* of a li#uid to flow or not flow freel* at room temperature
C.
is when a solid turns into a li#uid
".
is the wa* that molecules chan&e from a solid or li#uid to )apor !
129. oilin& point
A.
is the temperature at which the )apor pressure e#uals temperature
.
is the pressure at which mercur* -ecomes a li#uid
C.
is the temperature at which the )apor pressure e#uals atmospheric pressure !
".
is alwa*s lon&er when *ou are watchin& and waitin& for it to -oil
12;. Solu-ilit*
A.
ta$es place when one compound is dissol)ed into another !
.
onl* happens with solutions containin& acetone
C.
of two or more mi(in& solutions cannot -e performed
".
is a reaction that ta$es place in the sun
14<. "*namic e#uili-rium
A.
occurs when -oth forward and re)erse reactions happen at the same rate and
time !
.
is achie)ed onl* in open containers
C.
Iccurs when a measurin& c*linder is -alanced two &lass rods
".
Iccurs when pressure and atmosphere are e#ual
141. Which of the followin& is not a true statement a-out &ases?
A.
the* are at least compacted form of matter
.
the* are more acti)e than li#uid
C.
the* prefer to -e as far as possi-le from each other
".
some &ases ta$e on )er* distinct shapes !
14%. Which of the followin& is not true a-out $inetic ener&*?
A.
it is a t*pe of ener&* a &as uses to sta* in motion
.
it is named after the scientist Sorensen Hinet !
C.
it can -e )er* easil* calculated
".
$inetic ener&* > P m)
%

14,. o*le8s laws descri-es
A.
the ideal &as law
.
the relationship of atmospheric pressure and temperature
C.
descri-es when temperature is held constant' a )olume of &as is in)ersel*
proportional to the pressure !
".
an idea that does not appl* to ideal &as laws
144. Charles8 law e(plains
A.
how &ases are alwa*s on the mo)e
.
how e#ual )olumes of &ases at the same temperature and pressure ha)e e#ual
num-er of molecules
C.
the relationship of &as )olume and &as pressure
".
whe pressure is held constant' a )olume of &as is directl* proportional to
the Hel)in temperature !
142. Ga*3/ussac8s law e(plains
A.
when )olume is held constant' the pressure of a &as is directl* proportional
to the Hel)in temperature !
.
when pressure is held constant' the )olume of &as is directl* proportional
to the Hel)in temperature
C.
shen temperature is held constant' the )olume of a &as is in)ersel*
proportional to the pressure
".
the effect on chan&in& temperature on &ases
144. "alton8s law of partial pressures states that when
A.
temperature is constant and the &as )olume e(pands' pressure e#uals a
portion of the ori&inal
.
more than one &as mi(es with one or more different &ases' the pressure of
each &as will add to&ether to &i)e the total pressure of the mi(ture !
C.
more than one &as mi(es with one or more different &ases' the total pressure
of the mi(ture will -e the same as the hea)iest &as
".
&ases come to&ether' onl* two will com-ine at an* one time
147. Which of the followin& is not true a-out atmospheric pressure?
A.
it sta*s the same re&ardless of ele)ation !
.
it is caused -* the force of the air molecules that push a&ainst a unit area
C.
the standard unit of pressure is called torr
".
1 atmosphere is found at sea le)el
149. When &ases e(pand and mi( with other &ases to fill a)aila-le space' it is
called
A.
)apori+ation C. solidification
.
e)aporation ". diffusion!
14;. Dn the e#uation PV = n RT' n is e#ual to
A.
pressure C. num-er of moles of &as !
.
)olume ". temperature
17<. =he pressure of a &as is directl* proportional to the Hel)in temperate in
A.
o*le8s law C. o*d8s law
.
Ga*3/ussac8s law ! ". Charle8s law
%iochemistry, !anotechnoloy, and the #uture
171. Sin&le3celled or&anisms -rea$ down or&anic molecules throu&h
A.
)apori+ation C. meta-olism !
.
cell di)ision ". e)aporation
17%. Ir&anic protein molecules ser)e li)in& s*stems in which of the followin&
wa*s?
A.
stren&th C. messen&ers
.
transport ". all of these !
17,. 0aul Ehrlich
A.
recei)ed the No-el 0ri+e in 1;49 for his treatment of mad cow disease
.
is $nown as the father of chemotherap* !
C.
disco)ered chemical solutions that $ill microor&anism and patients
".
wor$ed e(clusi)el* with chitin protein in cra- shells
174. =he core of hemo&lo-in molecule is
A.
iron ! C. +inc
.
&old ". ma&nesium
172. .acromolecules are
A.
ionic compounds found in minerals
.
co)alentl* -onded molecules of lar&e si+e !
C.
a-out % millimeters lon&
".
can -e found in mercur* solution
174. Amino acids are
A.
-ased on eth*l su-&roups
.
-onded -* @I:3A-onds
C.
a)aila-le as supplement to impro)e e*esi&ht
".
-onded -* peptide @C3NA -onds !
177. I+one is
A.
made up of N:
,
molecules
.
increasin& all the time
C.
made up of I
,
molecules !
".
located %2< miles up in the atmosphere
179. =he three main t*pes of radiation &i)en off durin& deca* are
A.
neutrino wa)es
.
alpha' -eta' and &amma ra*s !
C.
tach*n emissions
".
alpha' -eta' and +eta ra*s
17;. Nanotechnolo&* is the stud* of elements
A.
at the sin&le atom le)el 1<34 meters
.
found outside a cell nucleus
C.
found onl* in platinum samples of hi&h densit*
".
at the sin&le atom le)el 1<3; meters !
19<. When no molecules can -e -ro$en down' the* are
A.
-iode&rada-le ! C. )apori+ed
.
catal*tic ". saturated