Giao Trinh Sketchup PDF

Giao trnh SketchUp chuyn nganh Din Hoa Kin Truc _ Luu hanh ni b 2011
1rUrQ !Cn UCO !CO kiOr !rU C DO||C K15. NQUyOr VCr DUy 2
MC LC
L|CH TRNH GIANG DY....................................................................................... 6
GII THIU........................................................................................................... 9
CHUONG 1: GIAO DIN NGUI DNG............................................................... 10
1. Nan hnh lam vic cua SketchUp......................................................................... 10
a. Toolbars (Thanh cng cu)............................................................................... 10
b. Nenu File ...................................................................................................... 11
c. Edit Nenu ...................................................................................................... 12
d. view Nenu .................................................................................................... 13
e. Camera Nenu ................................................................................................ 1+
2. Shortcut Keys: (Phim tat) ................................................................................... 16
CHUONG 2: CC CNG C LM VIC TRONG SKETCHUP .................................. 1S
1. Cach thit lap ban ve: ........................................................................................ 18
2. Ch d khoa duong va bat dim trong SketchUp .................................................. 18
a. Khoa duong:.................................................................................................. 18
b. Ch d bat dim: ........................................................................................... 19
3. Thuc hanh cac cng cu co ban: ........................................................................... 19
3.1. Cng cu L!NE (oan thang) ....................................................................... 19
3.2. Cng cu Rectangle (R): Hnh chu nhat ............................................................27
+. Thuc hanh cac cng cu quan trong:..................................................................... 28
+.1. PushfPull Tool (P) - KofNn di tuong......................................................... 28
+.2. Arc Tool - A (Cung tron) .............................................................................. 3+
+.3. Circle Tool - C (Hnh tron)............................................................................ 39
+.+. Polygon Tool - Ctrl +P (Hnh da giac) ........................................................... +1
+.5. Freehand Tool - Ctrl F (Phac tay) ................................................................. +2
+.6. Nove Tool - N (Di chuyn di tuong) ........................................................... +5
+.7. Rotate Tool - Q (Xoay di tuong) ..................................................................+7
+.8. Scale Tool - S (Thu phng di tuong)............................................................51
+.9. Follow Ne Tool - Alt+F (Truot dan di tuong) ............................................... 56
+.10. Offset Tool - F (Sao chp dng dang) ..........................................................60
CHUONG 3: BI TP THC HNH CC CNG C HC ................................. 62
CHUONG 4: THC HNH DNG BIT TH ......................................................... 74
THC HNH DNG NH PH........................................................ 135
CHUONG 5: CNG C SANDBOX TOOLS........................................................... 170
1. From Contours (Tao tu duong dng muc). ..........................................................170
2. Sandbox from Scratch (Tao tu mat T!N phang) ...................................................172
3. Smoove Tool (Tac b mat dia hnh) ....................................................................172
+. Stamp Tool (San nn)........................................................................................176
5. Drape Tool (Phu mat dia hnh) ...........................................................................177
6. Add Detail Tool (Chi tit ha mat T!N) ................................................................178
7. Flip Edge Tool (Lat canh tam giac don vi cua mat T!N) ........................................180
CHUONG 6: CC CNG C DNG HNH NNG CAO......................................... 1S1
1. Plugin 1001 Bit..................................................................................................181
1.1. Point on face - dat dim tham chiu. ..........................................................181
1.2. Divide - chia canh lua chon vi cac tuy chon khac nhau dat ra.......................182
1.3. Align selected entities - Can chinh cac di tuong. .........................................183
1.+. Perpendicular line.......................................................................................18+
1.5. Face on plane defined by 3 points................................................................18+
1.6. Best fit face................................................................................................185
1.7. Extrude theo con duong dc cong ...............................................................186
1.8. Extrude maintaining taper ...........................................................................189
1.9. Xoay mat ...................................................................................................190
1.10. Nove dinh................................................................................................191
1.11. Fillet - Bo canh.........................................................................................192
1.12. Chamfer...................................................................................................193
1.13. Extend .....................................................................................................193
1.1+. Offset ......................................................................................................193
1.15. Nat cat ngang ..........................................................................................19+
1.16. dc canh.............................................................................................19+
1.17. Linear array..............................................................................................196
1.18. Rectangular array .....................................................................................197
1.19. Polar array ...............................................................................................198
1.20. vertical Walls............................................................................................200
1.21. Opening on wall........................................................................................200
1.22. Ranh ngang..............................................................................................202
1.23. Cac cng cu tao cau thang ........................................................................20+
a. Creat Staircases 1 .....................................................................................20+
b. Creat Staircases 2 .....................................................................................20+
c. Creat Staircases 3......................................................................................205
d. Creat Staircases + .....................................................................................205
e. Creat Spiral Staircases ...............................................................................206
f. Escalator ...................................................................................................206
1.2+. Khung cua s...........................................................................................207
1.25. Khung cua di ............................................................................................207
1.26. Panel Divider ............................................................................................208
1.27. Perforated Screen.....................................................................................208
1.28. Lam thng gi 1 .......................................................................................209
1.29. Lam thng gi 2 .......................................................................................209
1.30. Tao tit din hnh chu nhat tu cac canh......................................................210
1.31. Tao tit din hnh tron tu cac canh.............................................................210
1.32. Joists.......................................................................................................211
1.33. Tao v ko, Xa g, Lit..............................................................................211
1.3+. Hip Roof...................................................................................................212
CHUONG 7: VRAY CHO SKETCHUP ................................................................... 213
1. Ciao din nguoi dng (U!)................................................................................21+
2. Tao vat liu:.....................................................................................................215
3. Cach p vat liu cho 1 cng trnh: ....................................................................22+
+. Tuy chon Render: ............................................................................................2+9
CHUONG S: N TP ......................................................................................... 256
1rUrQ !Cn UCO !CO kiOr !rU C DO||C K15. NQUyOr VCr DUy
L|CH TRNH GIANG DY
Hoc ky:......, Nam hoc: 20..... - 20.....
Tn hc phn: SketchUp........Tng s tit: 56, S tin chi:....f ... ...................
M s mn hc:.........Thoi gian: .... tuan...tu ngay:.....f..... 20..... dn ngay: ..............
Ging vin: ......................................................... ..Hoc ham, hoc vi:........................
Gio trnh chnh: Tai liu dinh km ..............................................................................
Ti liu tham kho: Hung dan su dung SketchUp 5.0" - Tac gia BonnieRoskes, P.E.
Sketchup Help - sketchup.google.com, https:ffpicasaweb.google.comfgallery.sketchup .....
Hnh thc thi kt thc hc phn: Thi kt thuc hoc phan tai lp. Thoi gian thi: 120' ....
T l dim % bao gm: im hoc: 20............... im thi: 80 ...............................
Iuon Ngoy No| dung cong v|ec 8o| g|ong
T GIOI IHIEU
CHUONG 1. GIAO DIEN
NGUOI DUNG
(T ngcy 4 l|el)
G|c| lh|eU chUng ve SkelchUp:
lcm Ucn lrcng, Ung cUng
SkelchUp lrcng ||nh vUc lh|el ke
k|en lrUc.
G|c| lh|eU c |Ucc ccc l|nh ncng
cUc SkelchUp:
+ fhcnh ccng cU (fcc|ccr)
+ Hcp lhcc| (D|c|cg Bcxe)
+ lenU
+ Hcp nhcl lr| c (lecUremenl)
G|c| lh|eU ccc cUcc lh|el |cp
lrcng SkelchUp
2 3 CHUONG 2. CAC CONG CU IAM VIEC IPONG $kEICHUF.
Ir|nh boy coc cong cu co
bon vo quon Irong Irong
$keIchUp
(2 ngcy 8 l|el)
HUcng ccn hcc v|en cUng h|nh
ccng ccc ccng cU:
T. l|ne
2. Peclcng|e
3. C|rc|e
4. Pc|ygcn
5. /rc
. lreehcnc
7. lcve fcc| (D| chUyen cc| lUcng)
8. Pclcle fcc| (Xccy cc| lUcng)
. Scc|e fcc| (fhU phcng cc| lUcng)
T. PUh]PU|| fcc| (Kec]Nen cc|
lUcng)
TT. lc||cw le fcc| (frUcl ccn cc|
lUcng)
T2. Offel fcc| (Scc chep ccng
ccng)
T3. lnlerecl w|lh lcce| (G|cc ccl
khc|)
T4. GrcUp vc Ccmpcnenl
4 CHUONG 3. 8AI IAF IHUC HANH CAC CONG CU A HOC
(T Ngcy 4 l|el)
57 CHUONG 4. IHUC HANH. DUNG CONG IPNH 8IEI IHU - NHA FHO
(3 Ngcy T2 l|el)
8 CHUONG 5. CONG CU $AND8OX
(T Ngcy 4 l|el)
cy |c nhcm ccng cU lcc
c|c h|nh, g|Up lc cUng
cUcc c|c h|nh lc| v| lr| ccl
ccng lr|nh.
T. Scncccx frcm CcnlcUr (fcc lU
cUcng ccng mUc).
2. Scncccx frcm Scrclch (fcc lU
mcl flN phcng)
3. Smccve fcc| (fcc ce mcl c|c
h|nh)
4. Slcmp fcc| (Scn nen)
5. Drcpe fcc| (PhU mcl c|c h|nh)
. /cc Delc|| fcc| (Ch| l|el hcc mcl
flN)
7. Bc| lcp lhUc hcnh
CHUONG 6. CAC CONG CU DUNG HNH NANG CAO (PUcy Scr|p)
1. F|ug|n 1001 8|I
(T Ngcy 4 l|el)
TTT CHUONG 7. VPAY CHO $kEICHUF
G|c| lh|eUhUcng ccn U
cUng cc ccn:
(2 Ngcy 8 l|el)
T. cl cen vc Op vcl ||eU
2. fh|el |cp lhcng c
3. XUcl f||e rencer
T2 CHUONG 8. ON IAF
(T Ngcy 4 l|el)
T3 IHI IHU
(T Ngcy 4 l|el)
T4 IHI kEI IHUC MON HOC
(T Ngcy 4 l|el)
Hcc v|en |cm cc| lh| lc| |cp lhc|
g|cn lh| T2 phUl
DUng phc ccnh T ccng lr|nh lhec
ce cc| rc vc kel xUcl h|nh cnh.
IPUONG kHOA, 8O MON Ngoy .... lhong ... nom 201...
G|ong v|en
GII THIU:
SketchUp la phan mm d hoa 3D chuyn ung dung vao thit k so phac, xay dung
m hnh trong cac linh vuc kin truc, ni that, canh quan, xay dung.
SketchUp duoc phat trin theo 2 xu hung:
1. on gin nhung hiu qu:
SketchUp la phan mm 3D d hoc, tn it thoi gian.
don gian va hiu qua, SketchUp truc quan ha moi hoat dng tuong tu nhu khi ve
tay. on vi co ban trong SketchUp la duong - mat vi chui thao tac ve, chia, ni, di
chuyn, xoay, thu phng, nang khi, cat khi, truot dan, t mau, ap vat liu, ve dia hnh,
thm canh quan, gia lap bng d, xuat anh, lam slide show . cac hoat dng nay du truc
quan trong mi truong 3D. Noi tinh nang chi duoc xay dung vua du dng nhung kha
nang th hin tung so phac kha hiu qua.
2. Nhanh nhung chnh xc:
Do don gian nn nguoi dng SketchUp c th ve rat nhanh, nhung khng c nghia
km chinh xac. SketchUp c kha nang do dim ni suy, gia lap bng d theo thoi gian
thuc, tao mat cat tuong tac, ap vat liu d dang.
CHUONG 1:
GIAO DIN NGUI DNG
So vi mt s phan mm d hoa 3 chiu khac th chuong trnh SketchUp luc mi cai
dat c giao din don gian, chi b tri mt s chuc nang co ban giup cho nhung nguoi
khng chuyn van c th tip can va su dung d dang.
1. Mn hnh lm vic ca SketchUp
a. Toolbars {Thanh cng c)
Drawing and Editing Tool: Nhung thanh cng cu nay tao ra cac hnh hoc co ban
(hnh chu nhat, hnh vung, hnh tron, cac da giac.); nhung cng cu dung hnh, do
luong va thuc do gc, nhung cng cu di chuyn (Nove, Rotate, PushfPull, .).
Drawing Axes: Phan din tich ln nhat danh th hin cac chi tit cua ban ve: Ta
thay b tri mt h truc toa d ba chiu XYZ tuong ung vi 3 mau d, xanh cay va xanh
duong. Khi ta ve theo mt phuong bat ky nao d, duong ve se c mau den.
Nu duong ve chuyn sang 1 trong 3 mau d, xanh cay hay xanh duong th ta bit
rang luc d duong ve se c phuong song song vi mt trong 3 truc toa d XYZ. Ta c th
tat chung bang vic chon viewfAsex va cng cu Axes c th di chuyn hay thay di.
Status Prompts: Toan b su m ta cua cng cu se hin ra day khi ban diu khin
con tr quanh cng cu. ng thoi dua ra nhung su lua chon can thit cho ban nhu
Select start point" hay Enter value".
Value Control Box {VCB): duoc dng cho vic enter value" va biu hin cac thng
tin s liu. Ban c th nhap s liu kich thuc, s do gc, hoac s ca cac ban sao chp.
Ban can danh s liu va enter, kt qua se hin vCB.
Stacking Windows: la nhung cua s ma ban se m khi lam vic. Chung c th duoc
gan trn mt cua s khac va ban c th thu nh khi lam vic
b. Menu File
New
N ban ve mi, Khi d h thng se thng bao c luu hay khng ban ve hin hanh
(no : khng luu; yes: luu ) lnh tat: ctrl+N
Open
N mt ban ve da c san, Khi d h thng se thng bao luu hay khng ban ve hin
hanh (no: khng luu; yes: luu) lnh tat: ctrl+O
Save
Luu ban ve. Nu chua luu lan nao th ban se chon duong dan dn thu muc can luu
vao. Nu da luu ri th h thng se thng bao c luu chn ln ban ve cu hay khng (no:
khng; yes: luu ) lnh tat: crtl+S
Save as
Khi ban ve da duoc luu, th save as" giup ban luu thm mt file mi. Khi luu thanh
file mi xong, nu ban dng lnh save", th se luu chn ln file ma ban mi luu.
3D warehouse => Cet Nodels
Kho thu vin vat dung rat phong phu. Ciup truy cap nhanh chng va su dung cac vat
dung can thit mt cach nhanh chng, day cung la mt dim manh cua sketchup, ma cac
phan mm 3d khac khng c. Chi can go tu kha" chinh xac th ban se c mt loat cac
vat dung can thit.
Export
3d models: xuat ban ve ra cac file 3d
2d models: xuat ban ve ra cac file 2d Section Slice: xuat ra mat cat Animation: xuat
cac scene ra file avi"
Import
Thm vao ban ve cac file 2d va 3d, hoac cac hnh anh,.Nu dng Sketchup pro 6 th
ta c th import duoc nhiu file khac nhau, can thit trong qua trnh ve.
c. Edit Menu
Undo
Quay tr lai cac buc lnh truc (khoang 100 lnh)
Redo
Tr lai cac buc thuc hin truc sau khi ban da undo
Cut
Lnh Cat ( se mat di vat th gc ) Crtl+X
Copy
Lnh copy (se giu lai vat th gc ) Crtl+C
Paste
at vat th copy" hoac cut" dn noi mnh mun dat
Paste in Place
at vat th copy" hoac cut" ngay chinh tai vi tri vat th copy" hoac cut"
Select all
Chon tat ca cac vat th Crtl+A
Select none
B lua chon Crtl+T
Hide (H)
An cac vat th can an
Unhide
Selected: hin lai cac vat th an theo lua chon cua mnh (chu : phai vao
viewfhidden geometry, d m cac duong sin an cua vat th )
Last: hin lai vat th an trong lan thuc hin lnh Hide gan nhat
All: hin lai tat ca cac vat th an
Lock
Lnh kha cac vat th, khi d ta khng th xa hay chinh sua duoc (chu : chi c tac
dung khi ta group" hoac component")
Unlock
Selected: N kha, tra lai trang thai ban dau cho vat th theo lua chon cua mnh
All: N kha, tra lai trang thai ban dau cho tat ca cac vat th
Make component
Nhm cac di tuong lai thanh mt nhm dat trung, va khi thuc hin lnh copy, nu ta
thay di mt trong s chung th nhung nhm con lai cung thay di theo.
Make Group
Nhm cac di tuong thanh mt nhm, va khi thuc hin lnh copy, th cac nhm hoan
toan dc lap vi nhau.
Close GroupJComponent
ng CroupfComponent khi da chinh sua xong groupfcomponent
IntersectJintersect with model
Th hin cac duong giao giua cac khi hoac cac mat phang.
d. View Menu
Hidden Geometry
Th hin lui cac duong sin cua vat th
Section Planes
Hin cac mat cat
Section Cuts
Hin cac nt cat, khi dat mat cat ngang qua khi
Axes
Hin h truc toa d(Truc ngang, Truc doc, Truc dung )
Guides
Hin cac truc
Shadows Crtl+B
Hin bng d cua vat th
Fog
Hin Suong m
Edge Style
Cac Style nt bao quanh vat th
Face Style
Cac Style mat phu vat th:
Xray: cac b mat trong sut.
Wireframe: chi th hin nt.
Hidden Line; Shaded: cac b mat van giu mau sac nhung khng th hin vat liu.
Shaded With Textures: th hin cu th vat liu.
Monochrome: tat vat liu.
Component editJhide rest of models: Khi chinh sua cac Component hay cac Croup
th cac vat th khac se an di.
Animation
Tao cac Scene, giup ta luu giu nhung gc nhn khac nhau, vi tinh chat khac nhau, ma
khng can phai thuc hin lai.
e. Comero Menu
Previous
Quay tr lai cac gc nhn truc
Next
Quay tr lai gc nhn sau, khi ma ta da previous
Standard View
Cac dim nhn chuan:Top, Bottom, Front, Right, Back, Left, !sometric. Tr thanh hnh
chiu truc do khi chon Cameraf Parallel Projection
Parallel Projection: Hnh chiu truc d
Perspective: Phi canh( hay dng trong qua trnh lam vic).
Tow - Point Perspective: Phi canh hai dim tu.
Match new photo: Chp cng trnh vao dung gc nhn trn hnh anh ma ban dua vao
Edit Matched photo: Chinh sua lai Natch new photo
Orbit :
Su luan phin linh hoat, giup quay xung quanh 1 vat th. Chon Orbit, dng
thoi giu va ko l chut. Nu nhu ban dng loai chut 3 nut th ban c th giu
chut giua trong khi di chuyn chut d lun phin dim nhn khi dang dng
cng cu khac
Pan:
Di chuyn dim nhn ln, xung, trai, phai. N Pan, dng thoi giu va ko
l chut. Nu dng chut 3 nut th, giu dng thoi chut giua va phim Shift",
ko l chut d di chuyn dim nhn trong khi su dung cng cu khac.
Zoom
N zoom, di chut ln d phng to, di chut xung d thu nh. Nu c
con lan th di con lan ln xung d phng to hay thu nh. Trong truong hop
nay th vi tri con tr anh hung ti vic phng to, thu nh
Field of view: Thay di camera lens, nhan Shift khi zoom. Dng d diu chinh phi
canh cua hnh anh. Ban c th nhap vao gia tri thuc nhu +5 deg (di vi dim nhn) hay
35mm (di vi d dai).
Zoom Windows: Phng to khu vuc ma ta can nhn ro, bang cach nhap chut trai di
tao thanh 1 gc can phng to.
Zoom Extents:
ua 1 vat th can quan sat bao quat v vi tri trung tam vua van vi man
hnh
Zoom To Photo: Khi ta su dung Photo Natch , th zoom to photo se giup ta nhn bao
quat hnh anh trong qua trnh ve.
Position Camera:
La cng cu hin thi gc nhn vi tri ta quan sat. C th nhap s liu chiu
cao tam nhn khung value control box (gc phai nam hnh).
Walk
Ban c th di chuyn quanh vat th duoc m phng nhu vic di b.
Look Around
Truc dung camera quay xung quanh 1 dim c dinh, m phng nhu 1
nguoi dang dung va quan sat tu trai sang phai, tu trn xung. Rat c loi khi
quan sat bn trong vat th. N cng cu va ko l chut .
2. Shortcut Keys: (Phim tat)
Bang phim tat mac dinh trong Sketchup
C th tuy chinh lai phim tat theo thi quen lam vic cua tung ca nhan.
vao menu WindowsfPreferences, chon muc Shortcut
O Filter: go tn lnh can tao phim tat
Phan Function: chon chinh xac tn lnh
Nuc Add Shortcut: go phim tat hoac t hop phim tat ri bam vao dau + k bn.
go b phim tat, trong phan Assigned bam vao dau -.
Bang phim tat
CHUONG 2:
CC CNG C LM VIC TRONG SKETCHUP
1. Cch thit lp bn v:
vao WindowsfPreferences, chon Drawing d thit lap kiu ve. C 3 truong hop lin
quan ti vic tao ra cac duong ke :
Click-drag-release: dng vic ko chut d tao duong ke
Auto detect: bao gm ca hai phuong phap trn, phu thuc vao cach ban dng
chutClick-move-click: xac dinh duong ke bang 2 dim. Nu ban chon Continue line
drawing th sau khi hoan thanh 1 duong ke, se tu dng tip tuc duong ke tip theo bat
dau tu dim cui cua duong ke truc (ban c th ve lin tuc). Nu khng chon th ban se
phai ve tung duong ke mt.
2. Ch d kho duong v bt dim trong SketchUp
a. Kho duong: la cac duong song song vi truc toa d. Khi duong nao song song vi
truc nao th n se c mau tuong ung vi truc d.
Cac duong mau tim: cho bit trang thai song song (Parallel) hoac vung gc
(Perpendicular).
Cac duong gach dut: la cac duong going dim (From point).
b. Ch d bt dim: lun thuong tru ma khng c ty chon nao khac, giup ban nhan
bit va truy bat cac dim dac bit. Khi bat dim, cac tooltip bat tn theo bang bn dui,
dim dac bit bat sang theo chi thi mau.
3. Thc hnh cc cng c co bn:
3.1. Cng c LINE {on thng)
1. Click chut vao dim dau tin va di chuyn con tr chut xung phia dui. Ta thay
xuat hin dong On Red Axis" tuc la duong thang ta ve song song vi truc mau d X. Click
chut d xac dinh dim thu 2.
2. Ko chut xung phia dui, xuat hin On Creen Axis" la song song vi truc Y, click
d xac dinh vi tri dim tip theo.
3. ua chut vao trung dim cua duong thang, xuat hin Nidpoint" ta khng click
vao dim nay.
+. Tu trung dim nay, dua chut theo duong nt dut mau xanh, c th bam Shift d
khoa hung cua n, click chut d xac dinh dim k tip.
5. Tip tuc di chuyn con tr chut vung gc vi duong mi ve, xuat hin
Perpendicular" c nghia la duong vung gc (c mau tim), click chut d xac dinh dim
tip theo.
6. Tip ve duong vung gc vi duong vua ve, dung lai khi thay xuat hin duong nt
dut mau d ging ngang From point".
7. ve tip duong vung gc nua, ta duoc nhu hnh sau.
8. Lai ve tip duong vung gc vi duong luc nay, xuat hin duong mau tim, chung
ta se kt hop Paraller" vi nhan Shift. Khi ta nhan Shift, duong mau d se tr nn dam
hon c nghia hung cua n da khoa, tip dn ta dua tr chut ln giao dim trn d xac
dinh dim dung ri click chut.
9. ve duong song song vi duong mau xanh la, ri ve tip thm duong vung gc vi
n ta c nhu hnh bn dui.
10. ua tr chut vao duong thang phia trn, ta se ve duong thang song song vi
duong thang nay
11. Ko chut thay xuat hin Parallel to Edge" duong mau tim.
12. Buc tip theo ta dua tr chut ln dim dau tin ma ta ve, ri r chut xung
theo duong nt dut mau xanh gap duong mau tim, thay xuat hin From Point" ri click
chut.
13. ve thm duong thang d hoan thanh mat phang.
1+. Click cng cu Orbit, ri di chuyn chut xung quanh hnh vua ve nhu hnh bn
dui.
15. Click chon cng cu Line (L), ve duong thang song song vi truc mau xanh duong
(truc Z), c th dng nut mui tn ln d khoa hung.
16. ve duong vung gc vi duong vua ri, tuong ung vi duong mau tim, k dn r
chut di chuyn xung quanh dim gc cua dinh di din.
17. ve thm duong thang thu 3 d tao mat phang. Nhung duong Line khp kin se
tao duoc 1 mat phang.
18. Cac duong thang cung c th chia b mat. ve 1 duong thang ni 2 trung dim cua
2 duong nam ngang cua mat phang.
19. Nhu vay ta da duoc 2 mat phang. kim tra, ta chon cng cu Select (Space) chon
1 trong 2 mat phang d.
20. Ta dng cng cu Erase (E) d hiu chinh 1 vai mat phang. Ta xoa 1 canh cua mat
phang. v n la duong bin nn mat phang bi mat.
21. Dng lnh Line d ve lai duong thang cu, mat phang lai xuat hin.
22. vao Style (WindowfStyle), trong muc Color, chon By axis, tat ca cac canh cua
hnh song song vi truc se c mau tuong ung vi mau cac truc.
3.2. Cng c Rectangle {R): Hnh ch nht
1. N 1 file mi, chon khung nhn Top view (CamerafStandard viewfTop), click chon
cng cu Rectangle (DrawfRectangle)
2. ve hnh chu nhat bang cach click chut vao dim thu 1 ri ko chut vao dim 2
3. Trong khi ve hnh chu nhat, se xuat hin cac truong hop dac bit cua hnh chu
nhat.
- Hnh vung (Square): Click tr chut tao hnh chu nhat, khi thay xuat hin duong
cho nt dut va xuat hin Square" click chut d tao hnh vung.
- Hnh chu nhat vang (Colden Section): Click tr chut tao hnh chu nhat, khi thay
xuat hin duong cho nt dut va xuat hin Colden Section" click chut d tao hnh chu
nhat vang.
4. Thc hnh cc cng c quan trng:
4.1. PushJPull Tool {P) - KoJNn di tung
1. Chon Top view, dng lnh Rectangle (R) ve 1 hnh chu nhat nhu hnh dui.
2. vao CamerafStandard viewsf!so, ri click chon cng cu PushfPull (P) dua vao mat
phang ri click chut, r chut ln phia trn hay xung dui d xac dinh cao d. Ta cung
c th nhap cao d trong vCB bang cach: click chut vao mat, ko chut ln hay xung
dui, nhap chiu cao mong mun ri Enter. PushfPull lun day hay ko mat phang theo
phuong thang dung vi mat phang.
3. Dng lnh Rectangle ve 2 hnh chu nhat ln trn mat phang, ve hnh chu nhat thu
2 c chiu rng bang hnh chu nhat dau tin.
+. Dng PushfPull click vao 1 hnh chu nhat, ri dua chut ln xac dinh cao d.
5. Hnh chu nhat con lai ta chi can dua chut vao mat ri click di, n se duoc ko ln
bang d cao hnh chu nhat truc.
6. Ta se day 2 mat bn cua hnh ngang bang vi 2 mat bn cua 2 khi.
7. Dng cng cu Orbit, xoay qua mat bn kia cua khi.
8. ay mat bn con lai nhu buc 6.
9. Tip tuc day mat d vao dim giua canh cua khi bang cach click chon mat phang
ri dua chut vao ri r vao dim giua cua canh.
10. Ta ve thm 2 hnh chu nhat ln trn 2 khi, ri PushfPull 1 trong 2 mat d xung
11. Hnh chu nhat con lai chi can click chut vao b mat cua n ri r chut vao cac
canh thuc mat phang ma ta da PushfPull xung luc nay, luc nay 2 chiu sau cua khi chu
nhat se nhu nhau.
12. C th dng PushfPull d tao l trng. ve 1 hnh chu nhat ln khi hp.
Click chut vao mat phang hnh chu nhat d, ri r chut dua xung canh day cua
khi hp, ta c hnh nhu bn dui.
13. Dng cng cu PushfPull click chon mat bn cua khi, ko ra dng thoi ta bam phim
Ctrl se xuat hin cac duong thang doc cac mat phang.
1+. Bay gio th dng PushfPull bnh thuong, khng can nhan phim nao khac day mat
truc cua khi hp vao.
4.2. Arc Tool - A {Cung tron)
1. Ta bat dau vi 1 form mi nhu trong hnh.
2. Click cng cu bang cach vao DrawfArc.
bat dau ve 1 hnh cung, dau tin ta phai xac dinh day cung cua n. Click 2 dim
trn 2 canh cua khi hp.
3. Di chuyn con tr doc b mat d xac dinh d cong, ta cung c th nhap chinh xac
gia tri trong vCB.
+. Tip tuc ve duong cong thu 2 nhu trong hnh ve, xac dinh d cong, di chuyn con
tr theo mat phang ti khi hnh cung xuat hin vi mau luc lam hin ln chu Tangent to
Edge"
5. ve tip hnh cung mi ni tip vi hnh cung ta vua ve, se xuat hin duong cung
mau luc lam va dong chu Tangent at vertex" ta click chut ri ko chut theo duong cung
mau luc lam d xac dinh d cong cung.
6. Lam tuong tu nhu buc 5 ta ve duoc cung thu 3 nhu hnh ve.
7. Tip tuc nhu cac buc 5, 6 ta cung ve duoc cac cung nhu hnh dui.
8. C th xac dinh tam cua cung bang cach click chut phai vao cung ri chon Point at
Center" nu tuy chon nay chua c th vao FilefPreferences chon Extensions danh dau vao
Ruby Script Examples.
9. Kt qua
10. Ta c th thm ki tu r" sau tri s nhap trong vCB d xac dinh ban kinh cung tron.
ve cung trong ban kinh 100, ta xac dinh dim 1 va dim 2 ri dua tr chut d tm d
cong cung va nhap 100r -> Enter.
11. Sau khi ve xong cung tron, ta nhap 5s" -> Enter d thay di d tron cua cung,
day la 5 doan.
12. Kt qua
13. C th thay di s phan doan cua day cung bang cach nhap 5s" truc khi hoac sau
khi ve cung tron. Nu ta su dung cng cu khac, th khng thay di s phan doan cung
bang cach nhap 5s" nua. Ta se m bang Entity !nfo (Windowf Entity !nfo), chon cung tron
can thay di, ban kinh va s phan doan du c th thay di duoc.
4.3. Circle Tool - C {Hnh tron)
1. Bat dau vi form mi nhu trong hnh
2. Ta se ve duong tron lan luot trn cac mat cua hnh hp. Nau sac cua duong tron cho
bit mat phang ma ta thuc hin trn d.
3. ve 1 hnh tron phia mat trn cua hnh hp, hnh tron c mau xanh duong, c nghia
ta dang thao tac trn mat phang OXY.
Click chon tam duong tron, dua chut ra d xac dinh ban kinh duong tron, hoac c th
nhap chinh xac ban kinh trong vCB.
+. Nu ve trn mat bn cua hnh hp, tuong ung vi mat phang OXZ th duong tron se
c mau xanh la.
5. Tuong tu trong mat phang OYZ, duong tron c mau d.
6. Cing nhu Arc, duong tron la tap hop cac doan thang tao nn. Nn ta c th thay
di s canh cua n. Chon cng cu Circle (C), nhap vao vCB gia tri d xac dinh cac canh
(Segment) la 30s" -> Enter, ri click chon tam duong tron, ko chut nhap ban kinh
duong tron la 100.
7. Cio ta thay di s canh la 6s" ri lam nhu buc 6, ta c kt qua.
Ta c hnh da giac c 6 canh.
8. Sau khi ve xong duong tron, ta cung c th thay di s canh (Segment) va ban
kinh duong tron bang cach click phai chut chon duong tron mun thay di, hoac vao
Windowf Entity !nfo d m n.
4.4. Polygon Tool - Ctrl +P {Hnh da gic)
1. Cach ve hnh da giac tuong tu nhu cach ve duong tron:
- Cung th hin mau sac Polygon theo mat phang lam vic
- Click chon tam hnh da giac, ko chut xac dinh ban kinh.
- Nac dinh hnh da giac ta ve se c 6 canh, ta c th thay di s canh bang cach
nhap s canh, chang han 8 canh th nhap 8s" -> Enter.
4.5. Freehand Tool - Ctrl F {Phc tay)
1. Bat dau vi 1 hnh nhu bn dui.
2. Click chon Freehand bang cach vao DrawfFreehand.
3. R chut va ve cac doan thang bat ky nhu hnh ve.
+. O day ta thay, cac duong khp kin va cac duong c dim dau va cui cham vao
hai canh th c mau nhat v n da tao duoc cac mat phang, con cac duong h c mau dam
hon do chung chua tao duoc mat phang.
5. Dng cng cu PushfPull duong cong kin ta vua ve. Ta thay duong cong muot d
duong Freehand ta ve c nhiu doan chia.
6. Click chon duong bao bin cua duong phan nh ra, click phai chut chon Convert
to Polygon.
7. Dng PushfPull ri click chon phan mat nh ra, dng thoi bam Ctrl, ta duoc nhu
hnh bn duoi.
8. Thao tac chon Convert to Polygon da chia mat tron nh ra cua hnh Freehand
thanh nhung khia canh g gh. Ta c th chon tung mat phang ring re.
9. Trong khi d di vi phan nh ra cua hnh Freehand chua Convert to Polygon, th
ta click chon mat phang cong, th Sketchup se chon toan b.
10. Click chon duong bao ngoai cng, click phai chut chon Explode Curve.
11. Cio ta c th chon tung canh ring bit cua duong bao ngoai.
4.6. Move Tool - M {Di chuyn di tung)
1. Bat dau voi 1 hnh nhu bn dui.
2. Chon tat ca hnh khi, click cng cu Nove bang cach vao ToolsfNove (N).
3. Xac dinh dim dau tin ri di chuyn chut va xac dinh vi tri dim can di chuyn
dn.
+. Lnh Nove c th co dan di tuong, dua chut vao dinh cua hnh hp, ri r chut
doc theo truc Y.
5. O buc 3, nu trong qua trnh di chuyn khi hnh hp, ta bam thm phim Ctrl luc
d lnh Nove tr thanh lnh Copy
6. Sau khi thao tac xong, ta c th nhap s luong khi hp can Copy ra, vi du ta danh
vao vCB la x3" -> Enter
7. Kt qua
8. Lap lai buc 3, chon khi hp ri bam Ctrl, di chuyn chut ra 1 khoang tuong
di xa 1 ti. C th nhap trong vCB khoang cach xac dinh.
9. Nhap vao vCB f3" -> Enter ta duoc nhu hnh dui vi khoang cach giua cac khi
hp du nhau.
4.7. Rotate Tool - Q {Xoay di tung)
1. Bat dau vi 1 hnh nhu bn dui
2. Chon khi hp, click chon cng cu Rotate bang cach vao Toolsf Rotate (Q), se xuat
hin hnh cai thuc hnh tron c chia ke vach, mi vach tuong ung vi 15
0
.
3. ua ln mat phang phia trn cua khi hp, luc nay ta thay thuc hnh tron c mau
xanh luc tuong ung vi mat phang OXY.
+. Chon 1 dim lam tam quay, click chut, ri dua chut ra d xac dinh truc lam
chuan, click chut, r chut ri xoay 3 vach ke thuc hoac c th nhap +5 trong vCB.
5. Kt qua khi hp da xoay +5
0
so vi ban dau.
6. Tuong tu di vi cac mat phang OXZ va OYZ ta lam tuong tu nhu cac buc 3 dn
buc 5.
7. Cng cu Rotate c th tao ra hiu ung van (Twist). Bat dau nhu buc 1
8. Chon mat phang phia trn. Click cng cu Rotate, ri click xac dinh tam quay la
dim giua cua mat phang.
9. ua chut ra d xac dinh truc chuan, click chut.
10. ua chut xoay 1 gc 30
o
tuong ung vi 2 ke vach trn thuc hay nhap 30 trong
vCB.
11. Kt qua mat phang phia trn da quay 30
o
so vi mat phang phia dui.
12. C th dng cng cu Rotate d sao chp di tuong (Copy). Bat dau vi hnh bn
dui.
13. Chon khi hp, chon cng cu Rotate, chon tam xoay ngoai khi hp.
1+. ua chut d xac dinh truc chuan, click chut, dng thoi bam Ctrl, r chut d
xoay tuc da Copy khi hp d. Khi hp duoc copy se quay quanh tam quay.
15. Nhap vao vCB x+" d copy ra + khi.
16. C th tao day hung tam chia gc du trong gc cho truc bang cach go tu
kha f+. Bat dau tu buc 1+ vi gc quay la 225
o
, click chut.
17. Nhap vao vCB f+" ta duoc kt qua nhu hnh bn dui.
4.S. Scale Tool - S {Thu phng di tung)
1. Ta bat dau tu hnh don gian nhu bn dui
2. Chon khi hp ri click chon cng cu Scale bang cach vao ToolsfScale hoac bam
phim S, se xuat hin cac grip mau xanh. Ni khi chon mt grip, grip tuong ung di din
duoc dim sang va tr thanh dim neo cua php thu phng, loai grip khac nhau c tinh
nang khac nhau.
3. Scale khi hp theo chiu rng (Thu phng theo h s ti l 1 phuong), click chon
dim grip giua ri ko ra.
+. Scale khi hp theo chiu cao (Thu phng theo h s ti l 1 phuong), click chon
dim grip giua trn ri ko ra.
5. Scale khi hp theo chiu dai (Thu phng theo h s ti l 1 phuong), click chon
dim grip giua ri ko vao.
6. Scale theo 2 canh di cua khi hp (Thu phng theo h s ti l ring 2 phuong).
7. Scale theo 2 dinh di cua khi hp (Thu phng theo h s ti l chung 3 phuong).
8. Cac thao tac khi kt hop vi cac phim chuc nang va hiu qua cua n.
Tat ca cac h s ti l c th nhap chinh xac trong vCB thay cho vic ko chut.
9. C th su dung lnh Scale d tao php di xung. Thao tac theo hnh bn dui.
10. ua chut theo hung cua hnh ve.
11. ua chut theo chiu mui tn dn khi trong vCB xuat hin -1", luc d ta click
chut, khi hp da duoc di xung.
4.9. Follow Me Tool - Alt+F {Trut dn di tung)
1. Bat dau vi 1 hnh nhu bn dui
2. Tao 1 tit din nhu trong hnh
3. Click chon cng cu Follow Ne bang cach vao ToolsfFollow Ne. Chon tit din vua
ve luc nay.
+. Ko doc chut theo 1 duong dan.
5. Click chut tai vi tri kt thuc.
6. Kt qua
7. truot dan chinh xac hon ta nn:
Chon duong dan ri click chon cng cu
8. Chon tit din ri click chut
9. Ta duoc kt qua
10. Ciu phim Alt khi chon tit din d kich hoat ch d tu dng do duong dan va truot
dan khp kin.
Bat dau tu buc 3, bam phim Alt khi chon tit din ri dua chut ln mat phang can
truot.
Nat phang se xuat hin cac duong vin cua tit din bao kin mat phang, click chut d
kt thuc lnh.
11. C th chon mat phang truc
Kich hoat cng cu -> Chon tit din tao se ra hiu ung tit din tu dng truot dan khp
kin theo chu vi mat phang nhu trn.
12. Truot dan mt tit din theo duong dan hnh tron c tam nam trn truc di xung
cua tit din se tao ra khi tron xoay
13. Chon duong dan
1+. Click chon cng cu ri chon tit din hnh tron
15. Ta duock kt qua
4.10. Offset Tool - F {Sao chp dng dng)
1. Dng Line ve 1 hnh nhu bn dui
2. Chon tat ca cac duong Line
3. Click cng cu Offset bang cach vao ToolsfOffset, dua chut vao 1 trong 3 duong
thang d click chut ri r chut ra xac dinh khoang cach sao chp hoac nhap trong vCB,
click chut xac nhan.
+. Cio ta ve 1 mat phang nhu hnh sau.
5. Chon cng cu ri dua vao mat phang, click chut ri r chut d xac dinh khoang
cach, hay nhap trong vCB, ta c th click di chut d c duoc khoang cach nhu buc 3.
CHUONG 3:
BI TP THC HNH CC CNG C HC
Trnh by cc v d dng hnh 1 s b phn kin trc.
V d: dung hnh 1 canh cua di:
vao File - > !mport
Chon file Autocad -> Click chon Options nhu bang bn dui -> Click OK
Tip dn click Open
Xuat hin bang !mport Results -> click Close
Ta duoc nhu hnh bn dui
Truc khi tin hanh cac thao tac ve, ta Croup tung b phan canh cua lai
Lam tuong tu vi cac b phan cua con lai
Buc tip theo ta xoay canh cua doc theo truc z.
Dng cng cu Rotate d xoay ta duoc hnh bn dui
vao Style chinh nt hin thi manh cho d ve
Truc tin ta dung khung ngoai cua truc
Su dung cng cu Line, Rectangte d ve nhu hnh dui
Dng cng cu Push -> nhap d day 250 ta duoc hnh bn dui
Click chon khung ngoai vua ve -> Croup
1rUrQ !Cn UCO !CO kiOr !rU C DO||C K15. NQUyOr VCr DUy
Click chon Hide khung cua cho d ve cac buc tip theo
Cio ta ve canh cua, xa cac mat khng can thit, duoch nhu hnh ve
Push khung cua day +0 ta duoc
Tuong tu nhu cac buc trn ta cung ve duoc khung cua phia trn
Croup canh cua lai, ri chon Hide n
Buc tip ta ve cac Pano cua khung cua. ve duong bao cua khung cua ri Push chiu
day 5mm
ve duong bao trong ri ni cac duong cho gc
Dng cng cu Nove dua mat phang chon ra 5mm
Tip theo Push mat phang vua Nove d ra 5mm
Nat sau ta lam tuong tu, ta duoc hnh bn dui
Croup Pano cua vua lam lai
Lam tuong tu cac Pano cua con lai (c th ve 1 Pano ri Copy ra, su dung cng cu
Nove d ko, ta duoc cac Pano tuong ung)
Ta da dung xong cac Pano cua, buc tip theo vao Edit -> Unhide -> All ta duoc nhu
hnh dui
Cio ta Nove cac Pano cua vao giua canh cua, duoc hnh nhu bn dui
Cio ta ve thm nep d che khung cua vi tuong nhu hnh bn dui
Nove hnh vua ve nhu hnh
ve thm 1 duong dan xung quanh khung cua
Su dung cng cu Follow Ne d truot hnh ta mi ve theo duong dan d ta duoc hnh
bn dui
Nake Component nep vua ve, coppy n ra ri su dung lnh Scale d di xung n ta c
canh cua da hoan thanh nhu hnh ve bn dui
CHUONG 4:
THC HNH:
DNG BIT TH
Chung ta se dung hnh tu ban ve Autocad 1 bit thu don gian.
1. Truc tin ta can chinh don vi trong Sketchup: vao WindowfNodel !nfofUnits
2. Ta se !mport file Autocad vao Sketchup bang cach: vao Filef!mport..., chon duong
dan ti File Cad
3. Truc khi !mport, ta can chinh don vi trong phan Options.
+. iu chinh nhu trong hnh
5. Click OK, chon file Biet thu" ri Open.
6. vao CamerafStandard viewsfTop.
7. Tip theo vao CamerafParallel Projection.
8. vao Camera chon Zoom Extents hoac chon tu thanh cng cu.
9. Chon tat ca mat bang tang trt, Click phai chut chon Nake Croup.
10. i vi mat bang lau 1, ta cung lam tuong tu nhu trn.
11. Buc tip theo ta click vao mat bang trt, click phai chut chon Lock d khoa mat
bang nay lai d trong qua trnh ve khng bi thay di.
12. Truc khi ve, ta vao Window, chon Styles, 1 cua s treo xuat hin, ta chon muc Edit
ri thit lap nt cho ban ve d thuan tin trong qua trnh ve.
13. Chon cng cu Rectangle (R) tao mat theo tuong bao ngoai, d thao tac d dang
hon, su dung con lan trn chut hoac click vao lnh Zoom trn thanh cng cu.
1+. Ni b mat c mat truc va mat sau, chon mat phang vua tao, click phai chut
chon Reverse Face d dao nguoc mat
15. Sau khi tao duoc mat bao tuong ngoai, chon cng cu Offset (F) vi kich thuc d
day cua tuong la 200, sau d xoa phan mat phang phia trong.
16. Lam tuong tu vi buc tuong bn phia tay phai.
17. ve cac tuong bn trong, dng cng cu Rectangle d tao mat ri lam tuong tu
nhu trn.
18. Sau khi tao duoc cac mat phang tuong nhu hnh bn dui, chon mat phang du ri
xoa di.
19. d dang hon cho vic quan l ban ve, ta can dat Layer cho cac mat vua ve bang
cach vao viewfToolbarsfLayers d m bang layer hin hanh.
vao WindowfLayers d m bang quan l Layers.
20. Ta se thm 1 vai Layers vao ban ve. Tu bang quan l Layers, click vao dau +" ri
dat tn la: TUONC TRET -> Enter, c th xoa cac Layers khng can thit bang cach click
vao dau -".
21. Click di chut vao mat tuong vua tao, m bang layers hin hanh, chon tn TUONC
TRET.
22. Buc tip theo click phai chut, chon Nake Croup
23. Buc tuong phia bn phai ta cung lam tuong tu nhu cac buc 21, 22.
2+. vao CamerafStandard viewsf!so d dua v ch d truc do. Cilck di chut vao
tuong vua tao d tuy chinh Croup nay. Chon cng cu PushfPull (P) tuong vi cao d 3000.
25. PushfPull lun buc tuong phia bn phai.
26. vao menu viewfToolbarfFace Style d m thanh cng cu Face Style.
Click vao ch d X-ray d bat ch d trong sut.
27. Dng cng cu Tape Neasure (T) d ve cac duong ging cua cua di va cua s. Click
di vao group tuong, click vao 1 dim trn duong thang c san, ko chut ra va nhap gia
tri d cao cua la 2000 trong vCB.
28. Click vao duong guides vua mi tao, ri dua chut xung, nhap gia tri la 1200 trong
vCB.
29. Lam tuong tu vi cac duong guides theo chiu thang dung. O day, ta khng can
nhap gia tri trong vCB nua, ma ta su dung ch d truy bat dim. Click chut vao canh
dung cua tuong, dua chut ra ri r vao vi tri nhu trong hnh.
30. Dng cng cu Rectangle d ve cua theo cac duong guides da dung san.
31. Dng PushfPull d khot l cua, dng ch d ging dim (On Edge) hoac nhap 200
vao vCB.
31. Lam tuong tu vi cua s k bn, ta c nhu hnh dui
32. vao EditfDelete Cuides d xoa cac duong ging di.
33. ve cac cua di mat truc, chon Tape Neasure (T) click canh dui cua tuong ri
dua ln 2000
3+. ve cac duong ging thang dung tuong tu nhu buc 29, ri dng cng cu Rectangle
d ve cua va dng PushfPull d khot cac l cua.
Cac cua di va cua s trong va ngoai nha con lai ta lam tuong tu nhu cac buc trn.
35. Click vao ch d X-ray d b ch d trong sut, va xem kt qua
36. Ta PushfPull buc tuong con lai. Click di vao Croup va dng cng cu PushfPull +00.
37. Chon canh trong cua khi, dng cng cu Nove kt hop vi phim Ctrl d copy duong
thang d ln 1000
38. Dng PushfPull buc tuong phia trn ra bang mp tuong ngoai.
39. Buc tip theo ta se ve san cua lau 1. Dng cng cu Rectangle d ve 1 hnh chu
nhat bao quanh tuong trong cua nha.
+0. PushfPull mat phang vua tao xung phia dui 100 ta duoc san lau 1. Sau d, click
di chut d chon toan b san, click phai chut chon Nake Croup.
+1. vao bang quan l layer, click chon dau +" tao 1 layer la SAN LAU 1.
vao bang layer hin hanh chon SAN LAU 1.
+2. Buc tip theo ta se ve tuong lau 1. Truc khi ve ta can chon ht mat bang cad lau
1, click phai chut chon Lock d khoa ban ve lai, d trong qua trnh ve khng bi di chuyn.
+3. Cac buc ve tuong cua mat bang lau 1 tuong tu nhu cac buc ve tuong mat bang
trt.
++. Sau khi da ve duoc nhu hnh bn trn, chon cng cu PushfPull tuong ln 3000.
+5. PushfPull cac buc tuong con lai, click di chut d chon ht tuong vua ve, click phai
chut chon Nake Croup.
+6. Tao thm layer TUONC LAU 1 ri dua buc tuong vua ve v Layer TUONC LAU 1
nhu da lam vi tuong trt.
+7. Buc tip theo la tao cua: dua ban ve v ch d X-ray, dng cng cu Tape Neasure
d tao cac duong ging guides, ri dng cng cu Rectangle tao cua va kt hop PushfPull
d khot l cua. Cac buc thuc hin nhu da lam voi tuong trt. Sau khi ve xong, duoc nhu
hnh bn dui.
+8. Tao mai cho lau 1, dng cng cu Rectangle ve nhu hnh bn dui.
+9. PushfPull mat vua tao ln 100, ri chon ht mai vua tao, click phai chut chon Nake
Croup. vao bang quan l layer tao thm layer SAN NA!, vao bang layer hin hanh dua
phan mai vua tao vao layer SAN NA!.
50. vao bang quan l layer, b chon phan SAN NA!.
51. Ta diu chinh phan tuong lau 1: Click di vao tuong lau 1, dng Rectangle ve thm
cac mat phang phia trong tuong d tach phan tuong ngoai nha va tuong trong nha.
Tuong tu vi phan tuong con lai, duoc kt qua nhu hnh dui.
52. Dng cng cu PushfPull phan tuong bn ngoai ln cao thm +00 nua.
53. vao bang layer click chon phan SAN NA!.
5+. Cio ta se dng cng cu Nove toan b tuong va san lau 1 chng ln tuong trt.
55. Click di chon tuong trt, dng cng cu Rectangle tao thm tuong vi tri nay
56. PushfPull mat vua tao nhu hnh ve va lam tuong tu di vi mang tuong phia bn
kia.
57. ua phan tuong phia trn phong khach ln thm 800, chon cng cu Line, cat phan
mat phang sat tuong nhu hnh.
58. PushfPull phan vua cat ln 800
59. ve cua di va cua s: dng Rectangle ve 1 hnh chu nhat theo kich thuc cua cua.
60. PushfPull ln 2000, ri dng cng cu Offset mat phang vao 50, tip theo dng
PushfPull d khot l cua.
Ta can chon ht canh cua, click phai chut chon Nake Croup.
61. ve thm phan kinh cua cua: Dng Rectangle ve 1 hnh chu nhat bao ca khung
trong cua khung cua, ri dng PushfPull d day la 10, chon ht phan kinh vua ve va click
phai chut chon Nake Croup.
Nove phan kinh vao giua cua khung cua.
62. vao bang layer tao thm layer la: KHUNC CUA va layer K!NH
Chon khung cua ri vao bang Layer hin hanh, chon layer KHUNC CUA
Chon pano kinh cua cua ri vao bang Layer hin hanh, chon layer K!NH
63. Chon khung cua va canh cua, ta click chut phai Nake Component (C). Thao tac
nay c ich khi can chinh sua dng loat cac canh cua.
at tn group la CUA trong phan Name, click Create.
6+. Chon nhm group cua, dng cng cu Nove, kt hop phim Ctrl d copy n ra cho
phan canh cua bn canh.
65. Dng cng cu Nove copy 1 group cua ta vua tao qua vi tri l cua k bn.
Ta se chinh sua phan kich thuc cua nay cho dung vi kich thuc cua cua ban ve. O
day ta thay, nu nhu ta chinh sua goup cua copy nay th phan group cua vi tri cu se thay
di theo.
66. Ta se tach group cua copy nay d khi ta chinh sua n, cac group kia se khng thay
di, bang cach click phai chut vao group va chon Nake Unique.
67. Click di vao group cua, ri click di thm 1 lan nua d chinh sua kich thuc canh
cua, chon 1 phan truc cua khung cua, dng cng cu Nove ra 50.
Ta diu chinh kich thuc phan pano kinh tuong tu nhu di vi phan khung cua, ri
dng cng cu Nove copy ra cho phan canh cua k bn.
i vi cac canh cua con lai cua tang trt va lau 1, ta cung lam tuong tu nhu cac buc
trn. Copy canh cua ra, chon Nake Unique ri diu chinh kich thuc theo kich thuc cua
tai mi vi tri. Kt qua nhu hnh ve.
68. i vi cua cua Carage, ta ve nhu sau: dng rectangle ve hnh chu nhat kich thuc
5600 x 2000, dng PushfPull vi d day la 20.
69. ve thm ranh cua kich thuc 10 x 20 sau d sao chp ra nhiu hnh cach khoang la
100.
70. Dng cng cu PushfPull tao cac ranh theo cac hnh da ve trn: day ht cac hnh
cham qua mat bn kia, nhung lan sau, ta chi can click di chut vao cac hnh d thi.
71. Croup canh cua lai, tao thm layer CUA CARA ri gan n vao layer d. Dng cng
cu Nove di chuyn n vao dung vi tri nhu trong hnh.
72. ve trang tri thm 1 s b phan lam phong phu thm cho cng trnh: Dng
Rectangle ve cac tam da nh, dng PushfPull ln 20.
73. Click phai chut chon Nake Component, dat tn la DA va tao thm layer DA ri gan
n vao.
7+. Dng cng cu Nove d sao chp ra cac vi tri khac, ve thm 1 vai vi tri nua d duoc
nhu hnh sau
75. ve thm nn cng trnh bang cng cu Rectangle va PushfPull xung phia dui 200
ri Croup n lai.
Tao thm Layer NEN ri gan n vao layer d.
76. ve thm h boi: truc tin ta duc rng san tai vi tri h boi, bang cach dng cng cu
Rectangle ve hnh chu nhat tai vi tri h boi nn.
Dng PushfPull tao l rng.
77. Dng cac cng cu co bang d ve h boi. Truc tin ve 1 hnh chu nhat kich thuc
nhu mat bang cad ri PushfPull xung phia dui 2000, chon ht khi hp group n lai,
dng thoi tao thm layer HO BO! ri gan n vao. Nove n ln so vi mat nn la 50.
78. Dng cng cu Offset mat trn vao 500, va PushfPull mat d xung 1800
Phan con lai chi can ve thm hnh chu nhat c kich thuc bang thanh trong cua h boi
d tao mat nuc, group lai, tao thm layer NAT NUOC ri gan vao. Nove mat nuc xung
phia dui 300 so vi mat thanh h boi.
Nhu vay, ta da hoan thanh xong cac buc co ban v dung hnh 1 cng trnh bit thu.
Chuyn sang cac buc ap vat liu cho cng trnh.
79. vao WindowfNaterials d m bang vat liu.
Click di vao cac group kinh, ri trong phan Select, chon muc Translucent, chon mau
thu 2, Sketchup se tu dng kich hoat cng cu Paint Bucket, click vao cac pano kinh d p.
80. Lam tuong tu vi cac pano kinh khac, ta c kt qua nhu sau:
81. N bang vat liu, trong phan Select, chon muc Colors, chon mau thu 1
(Color_000), Sketchup se tu dng kich hoat cng cu Paint Bucket, click vao cac buc tuong
d p mau.
82. Op khung cua bang vat liu Netal, m bang vat liu, trong phan Select chon muc
Netal, click di vao group cua, chon khung cua ri chon vat liu thu 1 ri tin hanh p
vat liu, lam tuong tu di vi tat ca khung cua con lai.
83. Tuong tu, ta chon vat liu Wood d p cho nn ngoai nha. Click di nn nha phia
ngoai, chon b mat phia trn can p, chon vat liu g nhu trong hnh ri p cho san nha.
Ta c th vao phan Edit, chinh kich thuc chiu rng va chiu dai cua vat liu.
Click chut phai vao mat phang mi p, chon Texture, chon Position, se xuat hin bang
bang diu chinh vat liu.
(vat liu se duoc hin thi dui dang lui don vi, mt trong s chung hin thi + dim
neo. C 2 loai neo
Neo c dinh (Fixed Pin) khi thao tac van giu tuong quan vi cac dim neo con lai.
Dung thu phng, di chuyn, quay mau t . bang icon va tinh nang nhu sau
Neo tu do (Free Pin) khi thao tac khng giu tuong quan vi cac dim neo con lai.
Dung hiu chinh d mo phi canh cua mau t)
Click phai chut, chon Rotate, chon 90 d xoay Nap vat liu g
Click chut ra phia ngoai d kt thuc thao tac
8+. Chon vat liu da d p cho tat cac cac tam da ngoai nha.
85. Op vat liu cho b boi: click di vao b boi, chon vat liu Wood, chon vat liu thu
+ ri p vat liu. i vi vat liu cua thanh b ta chon vat liu Tile, chon vat liu thu +
hang dui ri p cho tat ca thanh b.
86. Sau khi p xong, vao phan Edit nhu hnh ve bn dui.
Cilck vao nut Browse, ta se thay di anh Nap cua vat liu nay. Tm duong dan noi chua
Nap can p, click Open.
iu chinh ti l Nap vat liu lai
87. Op vat liu nuc b boi: chon vat liu Water, chon vat liu thu 3 ri p cho mat
nuc, ta duoc kt qua nhu hnh dui.
88. Cui cng ta p vat liu cho toan b nn cua ngi nha. Chon vat liu vegetation,
chon vat liu thu 2 hang dui ri p.
Chinh lai ti l c bang cach vao Edit, ri chinh nhu trong bang
n day ta kt thuc phan ap vat liu cho cng trnh, buc tip theo chung ta se lam
quen vi phan thit lap anh sang trong Sketchup.
Cac thit lap co ban v anh sang nam trong hp thoai WindowfShadow hoac truy cap
nhanh trn nhm cng cu vi cac muc chinh:
- Display Shadow bat, tat ch d hin thi anh sang. Nn tat di khi dang dung hnh.
- Time Chon gio trong ngay.
- Date Chon ngay trong nam
- Light chinh cuong d sang cua mang sang
- Dark chinh cuong d sang cua mang ti
- On face bat tat ch d d bng ln vat khac
- On ground bat tat ch d d bng ln nn
- From edges bac tat ch d lay bong d cua duong nt
Trong thanh diu khin thoi gian (view-Toolbar-Shadow), cac tham s J-F-N-A-N-J-J-
A-S-O-N-D tuong ung vi cac thang trong nam (cac k tu bn la vit tat cua cac thang
theo ting Anh, vd J: January, F:February.). Phia bn phai la thoi gian, bat dau tu 6h+3'
sang dn +h+6' chiu, Noon la giua trua.
Nun gia lap anh sang nhu dia dim thuc can kt hop vi muc Location trong hp thoai
WindowfNodel !nfo
ay la kt qua cua bng d ngay 15f8, luc 01h03', hung Bac hung doc theo truc Y.
89. Dng thu vin trong Sketchup d trang tri thm 1 s vat dung ngoai that. vao
WindowfComponents
Click vao nut Details, chon Open or create a local collection...
Tm thu muc chua thu vin can dng, click OK. Click chon vat dung ni that ri dua ra
mang hnh Sketchup, chon vi tri nhu trong ban ve Cad ri click chut. Dng cac cng cu co
ban d diu chinh, ta duoc kt qua nhu sau
Cio ta c th chon cac ban ve cad, click phai chut chon Unlock ri xoa di.
vao CamerafPerspective d chon ch d phi canh, kt hop cac cng cu quan sat, cng
cu hoat canh d tao view nhn nhu hnh.
vao WindowfScenes, click vao dau +" d thm khung nhn mi.
Tn canh va m ta canh c th nhap vao muc Name va Description
Remove Scenes loai b mt canh
Update Scenes luu lai cac thit lap di km vi canh sau khi ta thay di. Cac thit lap
nay bao gm cac muc bn dui hp thoai (Properties to save) : camera, bng d, an-hin,
mat cat, kiu hin thi, h truc va layer. Chi c muc duoc danh dau mi luu lai.
+Include in slideshow chi trang nao c danh dau muc nay mi duoc tinh vao chui
slideshow d lam hoat canh.
- Nut mui tn ln xung d diu chinh thu tu truc sau cua trang man hnh. Nut mui
tn thu gon hp thoai
Sau khi khi tao Scenes dau tin, hang trn cung khng gian ve xuat hin thanh
Scenes ma qua d c th thao tac menu dng vi cac ni dung
+AddJUpdateJDelete c tinh nang tuong tu trong hp thoai
+Slideshow trnh din hoat canh tam thoi trn man hnh
+Scenes Manager m hp thoai quan li
Trnh tu Scenes cung la trnh tu slideshow trong hoat canh, thoi gian luu anh va chuyn
dng thit lap trong hp thoai Nodel !nfo, sau cng xuat ra kiu file thich hop d c hoat
canh.
Tao thm 1 Scenes thu 2
90. N bang Styles, ta lam quen vi 1 s tinh nang cua n:
+Show Edges bat tat hin thi canh
+Show Profile bat tat hin thi canh vin cua di tuong hoan chinh trong 3D. Nhap d
day nt bang don vi pixel
+Depth Cue hiu ung nhan nt theo nguyn tac gan dam xa nhat. Nhap d day nt
gan dim nhn nhat bang don vi pixel.
+Jitter Lines hiu ung d mt nt nhiu lan nhu ve tay.
+Extension Lines hiu ung ve du dau nt. Nhap d dai doan du bang don vi pixel
+Endpoint hiu ung nhan dam dau nt. Nhap d dai doan nhan dam bang don vi pixel
Phi hop cac hiu ung nt va mat phang vi nhau, ban se c rat nhiu tuy chon sang
tao Edge Colors cho cac tuy chon v mau sac cua nt
+All Same chuyn tat ca cac nt theo mau mac dinh trong hp thoai Nodel !nfo. ay
chi la mau hin thi, khng that su thay th mau da gan cho nt (nu c)
+By Material hin thi nt theo mau da gan cho n. v trong SketchUp ban c th t
mau cho nt.
+By Axis hin thi nt theo 3 mau cua 3 truc hin hanh ma n song song. Tinh nang
nay rat huu ich d phat hin cac nt khng song song vi h truc hin hanh
Cac tinh nang b sung cho hin thi mat (Additional Face Rendering Options)
+Use sun for shading c dinh bng ban than theo mat troi. Nu khng chon tinh
nang nay, bng ban than thay di bat k theo vi tri camera.
+Enable Transparency bat tat hiu ung cua vat liu trong sut vi 3 muc d uu tin
tang dan cho din hoa nhung cham dan cho tc d xu li: Faster, Nedium, Nicer
91. Chon Select, chon cac muc khac nhau d duoc cac hiu ung nhu mong mun, vi du
nhu trong hnh ve dui, ta duoc
92. Buc cui cng la xuat ra file anh. vao Filef Exportf 2D Craphic..., chon dinh dang
file trong muc Export type.
93. Cilck vao Options c cac thng s diu chinh nhu sau:
Use view size: kich co anh xuat ra bang vi kich co anh hin thi trn man hnh (khi
ban chon tuy chon nay th 2 thng s Width va Height se an di). Nu b chon, ban se thit
lap co anh xuat ra bang 2 thng s W va H (Cang ln th anh cang ro nt, nhung thoi gian
xuat cang lau.
Anti-alias: khu rang cua (lam cho duong thang trng muot hon)
JPEG Compression: Nuc d nn cua file anh. i vi Smaller, anh xuat ra dung
luong se nh nhung chat luong cung giam theo va Better th nguoc lai. Thng thuong th
ban nn chon Better (max) d cho chat luong anh la tt nhat.
9+. Sau khi thit lap xong, chon OK. at tn trong muc File name, chon vi tri d luu
anh, click Export.
Nhu vay, chung ta da hoan thanh cac buc cung nhu cac phuong phap co ban d dung
hnh 1 cng trnh bit thu.
THC HNH:
DNG NH PH
Dung hnh bang Sketchup tu mat bang, mat dung trong Autocad
Truc khi xuat qua SketchUp, ta can 1 ban ve that sach, that gon nhe va khng c
nhung thu linh tinh nhu Dim, Text, Hatch . lam duoc diu nay, ta can bit dn lnh
Filter (Loc) Lam theo hnh dui
Chon Filter Dimension truc, sau khi nhan Apply, ta chon tat ca di tuong trong ban ve
CAD, tuy vay, chi c cac duong Dim la duoc chon (do ta da Filter ri), ri xoa n di (Luu
Save As thanh file mi d khi mat file cu), ta duoc nhu hnh dui
Lap lai lnh Filter vi 1 vai thu khac ma ta ko can dn : Hatch, Text, Leader .Luu
chon Delete hoac Clear list d xoa Filter cu truc khi Add to List 1 Filter mi. Ta duoc nhu
hnh dui
Ban ve da xoa b nhung thu khng can thit
Luu xoay NB lai sao cho li vao chinh hung xung phia dui (khi qua SketchUp dung
ln, li vao se dung hung Front, d lam vic hon) va nh ging N cho chinh xac vi NB.
Cho tat ca nhung g con lai vao Layer 0, Purge ban ve cho sach.
Khi dng SketchUp, vao !mport, chon File type la AutoCAD drawing, luu chinh
Options ch nay, rat nhiu ban ko d nn mac d bn CAD unit la mm, bn SketchUp
cung mm nhung import vao ti l lai ko dung, phai chon Scale trong Options day la mm
nua th mi du.
Ban ve da duoc !mport, thuc hin nhu hnh, tao Croup cho mi NB - N. Nn dua
bang ve v gan gc toa d d d quan l.
Chon tat ca Layer bn Cad ma Purge khng ht, xoa di chi con d lai duy nhat 1 layer 0
thi.
Quay mat dung ln theo dung phuong thang dung
Tao vai Layer, bat dau bang vic quan l ngay tu luc nay, thuong tao cac layer: CAD,
Tuong 1,2,3. San 1,2,3. Cua, Nai. Chung ta chi dng NB CAD d ve cac nt tao ra NB
mi (Croup mi), ko vao trong Croup NB d ve.
Ta bat dau ve mat bang trt truc:
Dua vao mat bang Cad, ta su dung cng cu Line ve cac mat tuong bao quanh, (chu :
ta khng can ve cac tuong ni that, chi quan tam dn cac tuong bao ngoai that thi)
Dng lnh Offset tao chiu day tuong la 200, dung lnh Line tao cac nt cua di, cua s.
Chon tuong click chon Reverse Faces.
Tip dn chon cng cu Push tao chiu cao tuong la 3900 hoac going theo chiu cao
mat dung.
Buc tuong con lai ta chi can click di cng cu Push ln mat tuong d.
inh chiu cao cua di va cua s bang cng cu Tape Neasure va dng Line tao chiu
cao cua.
Dng Push lam nhu hnh bn dui,
Xoa cac duong ging Cuides va Croup tuong lai, dua va layer tuong. Ta da tao xong
phan tuong tang trt. Tip dn ta tao phan d cua tang trt. ve 1 hnh chu nhat nhu hnh
ve.
Sau d Push xung 300mm, Croup lai, dua n vao Layer nn.
Tao thm bac tam cap cao 150mm, ta duoc hnh bn dui.
ve mat bang lau 1 tuong tu nhu cach ve tang trt.
Push chiu cao tuong la 3600mm, group tuong lai
Ta Nove tuong lau 1 vua ve va mat bang Cad ln dung vi tri cua tuong tang trt d ta
ging cac kich thuc trn mat dung cho d.
Xac dinh vi tri cua cua di, cua s theo mat dung
Dng cng cu Tape Neasure ging cac kich thuc cua di cua s tu mat dung vao tuong
lau 1 va dng cng cu Rectang d ve cac cua d.
Dng cng cu Push tao cac hc cua
Xoa cac duong Cuides
Cio ta tao san cua lau 1.
Push chiu day san la 100
Croup san vua ve lai, dua vao layer san lau 1
vao layer bac hin thi tuong lau 1 ln.
Dng cng cu Rectang d ve lanh t cua va mai ban cng
Coup 2 khi vua ve lai, dua vao layer mai
Nove n vao vi tri tuong lau 1
Tip theo ta ve cac Joint tuong noi cua s. vao Layer hide mai vua ve. ve cac duong
thang nhu hnh
Dng cng cu Push tao ranh sau 10mm
Ta ve phan lan can kinh day 10mm
Sau d ve cac thanh chng dung va tay vin lan can
Nake Component
Dng cng cu Follow Ne tao duoc tay vin lan can va Nove vao vi tri ta duoc nhu hnh
dui
Tip tuc ta dung mat bang san thuong nhu cac buc trn.
Croup tuong vua ve va dua vao Layer tuong san thuong, sau d Nove chng ln tuong
lau 1
ve san tang thuong, hide tat ca cac layer, chi d lai layer Cad
Push chiu day 100mm, tao Croup va dua vao Layer san san thuong
Push d cao tuong va cac lan can phia truc va phia sau nha
Hide lan can, tao thm cai ct phia bn va group lai
Ta ve tip phan lan can sat.
Chinh lai phan dui lan can 1 ti
Phia bn hoa trn
Cio chung ta duc cac cua s va cua di trn tuong san thuong
Push d tao l cua
Tao phan mai:
Push chiu day, group va dua vao layer mai
Nove phan mai vua ve ln tuong cua san thuong
Nhu vay, ta da ve xong phan co ban cua ngi nha
Cio chung ta ve thm phan cua di, cua s.
Chung ta se ve phan cua di phong khach truc.
Dng cng cu Rectangle va Line tao khung cua nhu trong hnh.
Dng PushfPull d day khung cua la 200
Click phai chut ri chon Nake Croup, dua khung cua vao Layer CUA D!.
Buc tip theo vao bang quan l layer, b chon layer CUA D!, d ta ve phan canh cua
cho d dang.
Dng cng cu Rectangle d ve canh cua, b cac phan du.
PushfPull canh cua day 50
Nake Croup phan canh cua phia trn, con canh cua dui, ta chon Nake Component.
ua phan canh cua vua tao vao Layer CUA D!.
Cio ta ve phan Pano cua.
Dng Rectangle d ve khung pano cua, PushfPull mat phang d v phia sau 5
Chon cng cu Offset mat phang phia truc cua pano vao 20
Dng cng cu Line ve theo cac duong cho cua pano nhu trong hnh
Dng Nove dua mat phang ra ngoai 5
PushfPull mat d ra 5 tip.
Click phai chut chon Nake Component va dua n vao layer CUA D!
Lam tuong tu d duoc pano phia trn.
vao bang quan l layer d bac layer CUA D!, ri dng cng cu Nove d dua cac canh
cua va pano cua vao dung vi tri cua khung cua.
Dng cng cu Nove kt hop vi phim Ctrl d copy pano cua trn xung pano vi tri phia
dui ri nhap x+" trong vCB
Chon canh cua va tat ca cac pano cua sang canh bn, ta c nhu hnh dui
Chon tat ca phan cua, click phai chut, chon Nake Croup
Nove phan cua vao dung vi tri.
vi tat ca cac canh cua khac, ta ve tuong tu nhu cac buc trn, duoc kt qua nhu hnh
sau.
Op vat liu cho cng trnh: vao bang quan l vat liu WindowfNaterials, trong muc
Select, chon Colors, ri chn mau trang dau tin.
Chon tat ca ri p vat liu mau trang nay
Tip tuc click di chut chon cac mat cua khi tuong li ra lau 1, chon 1 mau
Color_C16 nhu trong hnh, ri p cho n.
Tuong tu, chon phan tuong phia trn va phia dui, cac mat phia noi khung ngoai ri
lan luot p.
vao bang quan l vat liu WindowfNaterials, trong muc Select, chon Wood, ri chn
mau thu + hang trn d p cho tat cac khung cua va can cua.
Tip tuc chon Translucent trong phan Select, chon mau thu 2 d p cho cac pano
kinh.
Op phan nn: Click di chut vao nn tang trt, chon Stone trong phan Select, chon
mau thu 1 d p, lam tuong tu di vi lau 1 va san thuong.
Click di chut chon mat phang ngoai cua phan d, chon mau thu 2 hang dui d p
tuong tu di vi phan tam cap cua cng trnh.
vao Edit, chinh lai ti l kich thuc vat liu cho thich hop.
Chon Netal trong phan Select, chon mau thu 3 hang dui d p cho cac lan can lau 1
va san thuong.
Thit lap anh sang trong Sketchup:
Cac thit lap co ban v anh sang nam trong hp thoai WindowfShadow hoac truy cap
nhanh trn nhm cng cu vi cac muc chinh:
- Display Shadow bat, tat ch d hin thi anh sang. Nn tat di khi dang dung hnh.
- Time Chon gio trong ngay.
- Date Chon ngay trong nam
- Light chinh cuong d sang cua mang sang
- Dark chinh cuong d sang cua mang ti
- On face bat tat ch d d bng ln vat khac
- On ground bat tat ch d d bng ln nn
- From edges bac tat ch d lay bong d cua duong nt
Trong thanh diu khin thoi gian (view-Toolbar-Shadow), cac tham s J-F-N-A-N-J-J-
A-S-O-N-D tuong ung vi cac thang trong nam (cac k tu bn la vit tat cua cac thang
theo ting Anh, vd J: January, F:February.). Phia bn phai la thoi gian, bat dau tu 6h+3'
sang dn +h+6' chiu, Noon la giua trua.
Nun gia lap anh sang nhu dia dim thuc can kt hop vi muc Location trong hp thoai
WindowfNodel !nfo
ay la kt qua cua bng d ngay 1f1, luc 01h00', hung Bac hung doc theo truc Y.
vao CamerafPerspective d chon ch d phi canh, kt hop cac cng cu quan sat, cng
cu hoat canh d tao view nhn nhu hnh.
vao WindowfScenes, click vao dau +" d thm khung nhn mi.
Tn canh va m ta canh c th nhap vao muc Name va Description
Remove Scenes loai b mt canh
Update Scenes luu lai cac thit lap di km vi canh sau khi ta thay di. Cac thit lap
nay bao gm cac muc bn dui hp thoai (Properties to save) : camera, bng d, an-hin,
mat cat, kiu hin thi, h truc va layer. Chi c muc duoc danh dau mi luu lai.
+Include in slideshow chi trang nao c danh dau muc nay mi duoc tinh vao chui
slideshow d lam hoat canh.
- Nut mui tn ln xung d diu chinh thu tu truc sau cua trang man hnh. Nut mui
tn thu gon hp thoai
Sau khi khi tao Scenes dau tin, hang trn cung khng gian ve xuat hin thanh
Scenes ma qua d c th thao tac menu dng vi cac ni dung
+AddJUpdateJDelete c tinh nang tuong tu trong hp thoai
+Slideshow trnh din hoat canh tam thoi trn man hnh
+Scenes Manager m hp thoai quan li
Trnh tu Scenes cung la trnh tu slideshow trong hoat canh, thoi gian luu anh va chuyn
dng thit lap trong hp thoai Nodel !nfo, sau cng xuat ra kiu file thich hop d c hoat
canh
N bang Styles, ta lam quen vi 1 s tinh nang cua n:
+Show Edges bat tat hin thi canh
+Show Profile bat tat hin thi canh vin cua di tuong hoan chinh trong 3D. Nhap d
day nt bang don vi pixel
+Depth Cue hiu ung nhan nt theo nguyn tac gan dam xa nhat. Nhap d day nt
gan dim nhn nhat bang don vi pixel.
+Jitter Lines hiu ung d mt nt nhiu lan nhu ve tay.
+Extension Lines hiu ung ve du dau nt. Nhap d dai
doan du bang don vi pixel
+Endpoint hiu ung nhan dam dau nt. Nhap d dai doan nhan dam bang don vi pixel
Phi hop cac hiu ung nt va mat phang vi nhau, ban se c rat nhiu tuy chon sang
tao Edge Colors cho cac tuy chon v mau sac cua nt
+All Same chuyn tat ca cac nt theo mau mac dinh trong hp thoai Nodel !nfo. ay
chi la mau hin thi, khng that su thay th mau da gan cho nt (nu c)
+By Material hin thi nt theo mau da gan cho n. v trong SketchUp ban c th t
mau cho nt.
+By Axis hin thi nt theo 3 mau cua 3 truc hin hanh ma n song song. Tinh nang
nay rat huu ich d phat hin cac nt khng song song vi h truc hin hanh
Cac tinh nang b sung cho hin thi mat (Additional Face Rendering Options)
+Use sun for shading c dinh bng ban than theo mat troi. Nu khng chon tinh
nang nay, bng ban than thay di bat k theo vi tri camera.
+Enable Transparency bat tat hiu ung cua vat liu trong sut vi 3 muc d uu tin
tang dan cho din hoa nhung cham dan cho tc d xu li: Faster, Nedium, Nicer
Chon Select, chon cac muc khac nhau d duoc cac hiu ung nhu mong mun, vi du
nhu trong hnh ve dui, ta duoc
Buc cui cng la xuat ra file anh. vao Filef Exportf 2D Craphic..., chon dinh dang file
trong muc Export type.
Cilck vao Options c cac thng s diu chinh nhu sau:
Use view size: kich co anh xuat ra bang vi kich co anh hin thi trn man hnh (khi
ban chon tuy chon nay th 2 thng s Width va Height se an di). Nu b chon, ban se thit
lap co anh xuat ra bang 2 thng s W va H (Cang ln th anh cang ro nt, nhung thoi gian
xuat cang lau.
Anti-alias: khu rang cua (lam cho duong thang trng muot hon)
JPEG Compression: Nuc d nn cua file anh. i vi Smaller, anh xuat ra dung
luong se nh nhung chat luong cung giam theo va Better th nguoc lai. Thng thuong th
ban nn chon Better (max) d cho chat luong anh la tt nhat.
Sau khi thit lap xong, chon OK. at tn trong muc File name, chon vi tri d luu anh,
click Export.
Nhu vay, chung ta da hoan thanh cac buc cung nhu cac phuong phap co ban d dung
hnh 1 cng trnh nha ph.
CHUONG 5:
CNG C SANDBOX TOOLS
ay la cng cu tao dia hnh. B mat cua n duoc tao ra dua trn mang lui vung,
goi tat la T!N. T!N duoc tao ra bi cng cu from Scratch.
Nhm cng cu nang cao nay mac dinh an sau khi cai dat SketchUp. c th
su dung can bat n ln qua menu Window > Preferences > Extension > check vao muc
Sandbox Tools.
vao NenufToolbalfSandbox d bac thanh cng cu Sandbox.
1. From Contours {To t duong dng mc).
1. Su dung cng cu Freehand d ve cac duong dng muc nhu hnh bn dui. Click view
Top d ve cac duong dng muc cho d dang hon.
2. Xoa b cac mat phang tao thanh, ta duoc nhu hnh dui
3. ua v ch d hnh chiu truc do, ri lan luot Nove tung duong dng muc ln cao
d bang nhau, trong vi du nay la 150.
+. Sau khi Nove, ta duoc nhu hnh dui.
5. Chon ht cac duong dng muc, vao menu Draw > Sandbox > From Contour, hoac tu
hp thoai Sandbox. Nat dia hnh se tu dng tao ra dua trn co s cac duong dng muc.
i khi do d dc qua it, cng cu tao lai tao ra mt mat dc khng nhu . Hay dng
chuc nang Flip Edge (lat canh tam giac don vi) d khac phuc tnh trang d.
2. Sandbox from Scratch {To t mt TIN phng)
1. Kich hoat cng cu -> xac dinh khoang cach mi lui bang cach nhap vao vCB,
click chon dim dau lui T!N phang -> ko ri click chut dinh chiu dai lui (tri s trong
vCB) -> ko ri click chut dinh chiu rng lui (tri s trong vCB).
2. Khoang cach don vi lui (Crid Spacing) mac dinh la 10 don vi. ban c th thay di
tri s nay trong vCB truc khi ve lui. Chiu dai - rng cua lui cung c th nhap trong
vCB khi ve.
Sau khi tao lui, di tuong lui se la mt group, nu mun hiu chinh can phai vao bi
canh tuong ung hoac pha vo group.
3. Smoove Tool {Tc b mt dja hnh)
Kich hoat cng cu > xac dinh ban kinh anh hung dinh (thng qua vCB) > click chon vi
tri dia hnh can tac > di chuyn chut tao cao d mong mun > lam mm mat dia hnh d
c hiu qua cui cng.
1. Tu mat T!N phang nhu trn, click phai chut chon Explode. Click vao cng cu
Smoove
Xuat hin 1 vong tron mau d. ay la pham vi anh hung cua cng cu Smoove. Ta c
th diu chinh ban kinh cua n khung vCB, go 3000", enter.
2. Click chut vao 1 dim nhu hnh ve. Luc nay se xuat hin cac dim mau vang trong
pham vi anh hung. Nhung dim gan tam se to hon va c su thay di nhiu hon so vi
nhung dim xa.
3. Sau d di chut ln d tao mt ngon di , ta c th go vao khung vCB chiu cao cua
dinh la bao nhiu. Ta go 2500", Enter.
+. Lam cac thao tac tuong tu d c duoc nhu hnh bn dui.
5. Ta vao viewfHidden Ceometry d thay cac duong ke, k ca cac duong cua lui.Tat
ca cac hnh tam giac d du bang phang khi Smoove.
6. Tat Hidden Ceometry va vao WindowfSoften Edge d m cua s Soften Edges, di
chuyn thanh chay cho dn khi khng con thay duong nt nao trn cac mat cong. Nhung
luc nay ta van chua thay duoc su tron lang cua b mat , ma chi thay tap hop nhiu mat
tam giac, va cac duong nt trn cac b mat bang phang.
7. Nun lam mat di cac duong nt trn b mat bang phang ta danh dau vao
SoftenCoplanar.
8. Nun c duoc 1 b mat tron lang ta danh dau vao Smoothnormals
4. Stamp Tool {San nn)
Cng cu tao 1 hay nhiu mat nn phang d dat khi kin truc ln trn b mat dia hnh.
1. Tao 1 mat phang nn cua khi cng trnh ri dinh vi tri cua n trn mat phang T!N
trn, mat nn khng can phai tip xuc vi mat T!N.
2. Chon cng cu Stamp Tool va click chon mat nn, xuat hin duong vin mau d, ta
nhap khoang cach trong hp vCB d vat chan nn so vi mat nn.
3. Click chut ln mat dia hnh T!N, di chuyn chut d xac dinh d cao mat nn so vi
dia hnh, click chut d kt thuc thao tac.
(Nat nn c th la 1 hay nhiu mat, group hay Component)
5. Drape Tool {Ph mt dja hnh)
Cng cu nay chiu mt di tuong (con duong chang han) thanh nhung doan thang phu
trn b mat dia hnh.
1. van su dung dia hnh trn, dng thoi su dung cac cng cu co ban d ve thm 1 con
duong nhu bn dui, Nove con duong vao vi tri giua cua dia hnh.
2. Click cng cu Drape Tool, dua chut chon di tuong con duong d phu ln mat dia
hnh, ri chon tip dia hnh. Phan nt phu mat dia hnh se duoc tao ra nhu hnh dui.
6. Add Detail Tool {Chi tit ha mt TIN)
Tao mat T!N tu lui -> click chon dinh, canh hoac mat tam giac don vi trn mat T!N ->
kich hoat cng cu .
Tinh nang chi tit ha mat T!N thuong tap trung vao mt vai tri tri can d mm cao khi
thao tac vi cng cu Smoove.
Su dung nhung noi that can thit, tranh lam nang thm m hnh mt cach khng can
thit.
1. Tu mat T!N trn, vao WindowfSoften Edge d m cua s Soften Edges. B chon
phan Soften Coplanar, Smooth normals.
2. ua chut chon 1 dinh, canh hay tam giac don vi bat ky trn mat T!N dia hnh. Chon
cng cu Add detail Tool.
3. Phan mat phang chon da duoc chi tit hoa.
+. Su dung cng cu Smoove d hiu chinh phan mat da duoc chi tit hoa nhu trong
hnh.
7. Flip Edge Tool {Lt cnh tam gic don vj ca mt TIN)
Tai tao mat dia hnh la vic tuong di phuc tap, trong vai truong hop, SketchUp tao ra
nhung mat dc khng nhu . Khi d, can dng cng cu nay d lat canh cac mat tam giac
co s lui T!N
Kich hoat cng cu > di chuyn chut trn mat dc d dim sang nhung canh tam giac
c th lat > click xac nhan canh lat.
Khng th thay duoc cac tam giac don vi trn mat dia hnh da lam mm. Thay v lam
sac nt tr lai, hay vao menu view > Hidden Geometry.
Chi c nhung canh tam giac don vi c th lat mi phat sang khi ra chut qua. vic nhan
bit nay do SketchUp quyt dinh.
CHUONG 6:
CC CNG C DNG HNH NNG CAO
(RUBY SCR!P)
Trnh by mt s nhm Ruby hu hiu nht v thng dng nht.
1. Plugin 1001 Bit
1.1 Point on face - dt dim tham chiu.
Cng cu nay se dat mt dim xay dung trn mt mat duoc lua chon bang cach xac
dinh khoang cach ngang va doc. la du dinh duoc su dung d tao cac dim tham chiu
dat ra, dac bit trn mat d khng phai la thang dung hoac nam ngang.
vi du: d thit lap mt dn tuong chinh xac tai 600mm tu canh cua buc tuong d cao
1800mm.
Thao tac:
1.2 Divide - chia cnh la chn vi cc ty chn khc nhau dt ra
Cac cng cu phan chia tao ra mt loat cac dim bang nhau doc theo cac canh duoc
chon. C nhung lua chon khac nhau thit lap ra d dat cac dim.
Thao tac:
Buc 1: Chon canh d chia
Buc 2: chon bat ky ty chon d thuc hin phan chia.
1.3 Align selected entities - Cn chnh cc di tung.
Cng cu nay cho php sap xp bat ky group hoac component bang cach xac dinh 3
dim co s va 3 dim gc. iu nay dac bit huu ich khi xac dinh vi tri cua cac yu t trn
mat khng phang.
vi du nhu dat mt chic xe trn dc
Kt qua cui cng la chic xe d la hoan toan duoc dat vi + banh xe cham vao cac b
mat dc.
1.4 Perpendicular line
Cng cu nay ging mt canh vung gc vi canh khac, hoac di mat vi mt mat khac.
Thao tac:
Buc 1: chon dim bat dau.
Buc 2: dim dn mt canh hoac di vi mt mat. Nu muc tiu la mt canh, cac canh
duoc ve vung gc vi duong du kin tu canh d. Nu muc tiu la mt mat, cac canh duoc
ve vung gc vi mat phang duoc xac dinh bi mat.
1.5 Face on plane defined by 3 points
Cng cu nay ve mt mat trn mat phang duoc xac dinh bi 3 dim.
Thao tac:
Buc 1, 2 va 3: chon 3 dim d xac dinh mat phang ve.
Buc +, 5 @ ..: chon vao vi tri dim bat ky; dim lun vung gc vi mat phang ve.
Kich dup vao dim cui cng d tao ra mat.
1 .6 Best fit face
Cng cu nay tao ra mt mat tu mt loat cac dim khng dng phang. iu nay rat huu
ich khi va cac m hnh vi cac dim nh khng dng phang.
Thao tac: Chon loat dim. Nhap dup chut vao d tao ra mat.
1.7 Extrude theo con duong dc cong
Cng cu nay dac bit c nghia khi Extrude mt di tuong theo mt duong cong dc.
vi du: Ramp dc xung garage, lan can cau thang xoan c, vv. Cng cu nay se duy tr
di tuong doc theo d dc.
Thao tac:
1.S Extrude maintaining taper
Cng cu nay extrudes mt mat duoc lua chon trong khi duy tr bat ky xu hung giam
dan lin kt vi mat.
Thao tac:
Buc 1: chon mat phang ri click cng cu.
Buc 2: chon 1 dim hoac nhap kfc chinh xac.
1.9 Xoay mt
Cng cu nay tao ra b mat bang cach quay cng mt cau hnh da chon cng mt truc
duoc xac dinh.
Thao tac:
1.10. Move dnh
Cng cu nay cho php chinh sua linh hoat cac dinh cua mt m hnh
Su dung cac phim mui tn d giu cho dim muc tiu cng mt suy luan c dinh;
Left arrow- mau xanh la cay truc (Y)
Right arrow - d truc (X)
Up arrow - mau xanh truc (Z)
Down arrow - thoat ra
1.11 Fillet - Bo cnh
Cng cu nay tao ra mt phi l ban kinh tu 2 canh
1.12 Chamfer
Cng cu nay cung tuong tu nhu cng cu Fillet nhung n d tao ra vat gc.
1.13 Extend
Cng cu nay ko dai mt canh dn mt mat hay 1 canh khac
1.14 Offset
1.15 Mt ct ngang
1.16 dc cnh
Cng cu nay cho php thay di cac canh duoc chon vi mt d dc lin tuc.
1.17 Linear array
Cng cu nay tao ra mt loat groupfcomponent doc theo mt duong thang.
Buc 1: lua chon mt groupfcomponent sau d chay cng cu.
Buc 2: chon ty chon mong mun va nhap gia tri mong mun vao hp thoai.
Buc 3: bam vao Build array"
Buc +: chon dim bat dau
Buc 5: chon dim cui
1.1S Rectangular array
Cng cu nay tao ra 2 chiu mang hnh chu nhat cua cac truong hop groupfcomponent.
Thao tac:
Buc 1: chon groupfcomponent, sau d click cng cu
Buc 2: chon ty chon va nhap gia tri
Buc 3: 'Build array
Buc +: tham khao dim trn di tuong
Buc 5: bat dau dim
Buc 6: chon ct hung
Buc 7: chon hang hung
1.19 Polar array
Cng cu nay tao ra groupfcomponent xoay quanh mt truc trung tam.
Thao tac:
Buc 1: chon mt truong hop groupfcomponent, sau d chay cng cu.
Buc 2: nhap cac gia tri trong hp thoai
Buc 3: chon d xac dinh trung tam cua truc quay.
V d:
Buc 1: chon groupfcomponent truc khi chay cng cu
Buc 2: nhap cac gia tri sau d nhap vao Build array"
Buc 3: chon dim bat dau cho truc trung tam cua vong quay
Buc +: chon 2 dim d xac dinh trung tam cua truc quay
1.20 Vertical Walls
Cng cu nay tao ra cac buc tuong thang dung.
Thao tac:
Buc 1: chay cng cu, din vao cac gia tri mong mun trong hp thoai va nhap vao
'Build Wall".
Buc 2: chon dim bat dau cua buc tuong
Buc 3, + @: tip tuc chon cac dim khac nhau cua buc tuong. Kich dup vao dim cui
cng hoac nhan vao dim bat dau.
1.21 Opening on wall
Cng cu nay tao ra khoang h trn tuong.
Thao tac:
Buc 1: Click cng cu ma khng chon bat cu di tuong nao.
Buc 2: din vao cac thng s mong mun. Nhap vao Create Opening".
Buc 3: di chuyn con tr chut trn mat tuong.
Buc +: chon mt dim lam dim gc, hung con tr chut theo phuong nam ngang ri
nhap khoang cach.
Buc 5: dua tr chut ln trn d xac dinh khoang cach thang dung, nhap khoang
cach.
tao mt khoang m cua theo mt hnh dang tuy , click `Setup Profile' sau d click
chon mat phang nam trong mat phang x,y, ri khai bao cac thng s can thit nhu cac
buc da trnh bay trn.
1.22 Rnh ngang
Cng cu nay tao ra gc duong ranh ngang hoac duong tri.
Thao tac:
Buc 1: chon cac mat va chay cng cu.
Buc 2: nhap cac thng s va nhan create grooves"
Buc 3: chon mt dim trn mat phang (thap hon muc cua duong ranh)
Cac duong ranh nam ngang c th duoc su dung kt hop cac chuc nang smoothfsoften
d tao ra hnh dang tam tn.
C th su dung cng cu nay d tao nhung duong ranh li ra nhu hnh dui
1.23 Cc cng c to cu thang
a. Creat Staircases 1
b. Creat Staircases 2
c. Creat Staircases 3
d. Creat Staircases 4
e. Creat Spiral Staircases
f. Escalator
1.24 Khung ca s
Cng cu nay su dung d tao ra khung cua s va cac tam cua s.
1.25 Khung ca di
1.26 Panel Divider
1.27 Perforated Screen
1.2S Lam thng gi 1
1.29 Lam thng gi 2
1.30 To tit din hnh ch nht t cc cnh
1.31 to tit din hnh tron t cc cnh
1. 32 Joists
1.33 To V ko, X g, Lit
1.34 Hip Roof
CHUONG 7:
VRAY CHO SKETCHUP
version 1.+8
1. Giao din nguoi dng {UI)
v-Ray Nenu: vao Plugins -> v-Ray
Kich hoat va v hiu v-Ray: Tuy chon nay se cho php ban tu dng v hiu ha hoac
kich hoat chuong trnh.
tm ty chon nay trn may tinh, xem dui Windows fPreferences f m rng. Tuy
chon nay se c hiu luc sau khi ban bat dau SketchUp.
Biu tuong thanh cng cu:
2. To vt liu:
Cho php ban tao cac vat liu v-
Ray. Ban c th truy cap vao cua s bang
cach nhap vao biu tuong dau tin trn
thanh cng cu v-Ray.
C 3 vng d tao vat liu vRay:
1. Xem truc vat liu: Bang cach nhap
vao nut Preview cac ban c th thay mt
ban xem truc cua vat liu duoc lua chon.
2.vng lam vic cua vat liu: Khu vuc
nay cho thay tat ca vat liu duoc tao
ra. Bang cach click chut phai vao chung,
ban se vat liu ty chon.
3. iu chinh vat liu: Cho php chung
ta thay di, diu chinh tat ca thng s,
thuc tinh cua vat liu.
Thm Vt liu:
1. Nhap phai chut vao Scene Naterial".
2. Chon Create Naterial".
3. Chon 1 trong cac loai vat liu vRay.
v-Ray cho SketchUp c nam loai vat liu khac nhau:
1. Skp Two Sided Naterial
2. v-Ray Default Naterial
3. Toon Naterial
+. Angle Blend Naterial
5. Two Sided Naterial
Ty chon vat liu: Bang cach phap phai chut vao vat liu, chung ta se c nhiu su
chon lua hon d cai thin hay thao tac cac vat liu.
Cac ty chon nay bao gm: Add Layers (Thm lp), Save (Luu), Duplicate (Ban
sao), Rename (i tn) va !mport (Nhap vat liu).
Lam th nao d thm cac lp vat
liu:
1. Phap chut phai vao vat liu.
2. Chon Create Layer".
3. Chon loai lp ban mun thm
vao.
Ciai thich:
- Save Naterial (Luu vat liu)
- Duplicate Naterial (Tao ban sao
vat liu)
- Rename Naterial (i tn vat
liu)
- Remove Naterial (Huy b vat
liu)
- !mport Naterial (Nhap vat liu)
- Apply Naterial to Selection (Ap
dung vat liu da chon )
- Select All Objects Using This
Naterial (Chon tat ca di tuong
su dung vat liu nay)
- Apply Naterial to Layer (Ap
dung vat liu cho lp)
- Purge Unused Naterials (Lam
sach vat liu chua su dung)
Texture Editor: Ty chon nay cho php ban thm mt texture mapping d tao vat
liu. truy cap vao Texture Editor, nhap chut trai vao "m" hoac "N" trn liu nay.
Texture Editor c 3 khu vuc:
1. Texture Editor Preview: Bang cach nhap vao nut xem truc d xem truc cac
Texture duoc chon.
2. Napping Type: Khu vuc nay cho php ban chon cac loai Texture mapping.
3. Texture Editor Options: Cho php diu chinh va quan l cac tham s cua
texture.
Cach thm mapping:
1. Click vao m".
2. Chon 1 texture mong mun (ex.TexBitmap).
3. i dn gc dui bn phai va click vao ba dau cham bn canh "File"
d chon hnh anh su dung.
+. Click Ok.
Cch load 1 vt liu c sn trong thu vin ra dng:
Trong truong hop chung ta khng mun su dung map vat liu gach nhu trn, ma
su dung 1 loai map vat liu gach c kiu dang khac, ta lam nhu sau:
Lam tuong tu nhu trn ta cung di map vat liu trong muc Displacement cua phan
Nap
Cch p vt liu:
Vt liu d duc p vo khi hp
3. Cch p vt liu cho 1 cng trnh:
Chng ta m 1 File bng v nh ph:
Chng ta p vt liu ca tuong truc:
Click N trn thanh cng cu d m bang vat liu.
i tn thanh tuong tang trt, ri click OK.
Tip theo ta se chon mau trang can p trong muc Diffuse.
Cio ta se p vat liu vua tao duoc vao cng trnh
Op vat liu mau trang cho tat ca cac tuong con lai cua ngi nha, phan mai, phan
san tuong tu nhu cach lam trn.
Ta p khi tuong cua lau 1 thanh 1 mau xanh dam.
Tuong tu cach tao vat liu mau trang, ta cung tao duoc vat liu mau xanh dam
Chon cac mat tuong can p, d p
Cac mat khac p tuong tu, ta duoc nhu hnh dui
Tip theo ta p vat liu lan can: lan can bang sat san thuong va lan can bang
kinh va tay nam g lau 1
Tao 1 vat liu mi tn la lan can sat, mau sac nhu hnh ve
Ta se thm 1 layer Reflection Layers (phan chiu, phan xa) vao phan vat liu lan
can sat
Lan luot p vat liu cho tat ca lan can sat con lai. Phan tay vi lan can lau 1 ta se
p vat liu g:
Tao cac buc nhu cach tao vat liu lan sat
Chinh 1 vai thng s trong layer Reflection Layers
chinh d g gh cua vat liu map g, ta vao phan Naps cua bang vat liu
Tin hanh p vat liu vua tao vao lan can
Ta dng vat liu nay d p cho toan b cua
vao bang Layer hide cac lp, d lai lp layer CUA D! va CUA SO
Click N d m bang vat liu
Tao vat liu kinh:
Tao thm layer Reflection
Tao thm layer Refraction (khuc xa, trong sut)
Hide cac lp, d lai lp layer K!NH, tin hanh p vat liu kinh
Ta Duplicate vat liu kinh, ri di tn thanh lan can kinh", chinh mau sac trong
phan Fogfcolor
Tin hanh p vat liu cho lan can kinh
Tao vat liu gach lat nn:
Tao thm layer Reflection
Ta p vat liu d cho tam cap lun:
4. Tu chn Render:
v-Ray Render Options: iu khin tat ca cac thng s vRay.
Save v-Ray Option: Cho php chung ta luu lai tat ca cac thng s cua vray d
c th dng cho sau nay.
Open v-Ray Option: Cho php chung ta m cac file chua cac thng s vray da luu
truc d.
Load Default v-Ray Option: Cho php phuc hi tr lai cac thit lap cho cac ty
chon mac dinh v-Ray.
Hiu chnh nh sng mt troi
Truc tin ta hay tm hiu v vray Sun: vao Nenu Option cua vray Sketchup trn
thanh Toolbar, se xuat hin mt bang, lam theo anh sau:
O Environment : GI Color va BG Color du chon Sky.
Chinh theo thng s trong hnh:
Shadow bias: d lch tia cua bng d. Cia tri nay nh th bng d duoc ko dai
ra thm, gia tri qua cao bng d nhu bi tach roi khi vat th. Photon radius: ban
kinh phat ra cac photon anh sang.
Turbidity: s luong bui trong bau khi quyn,anh hung dn mau sac bau troi va
anh sang mat troi. Cia tri nh cho bau troi trong xanh,anh sang mat troi ging vng
qu. Cia tri ln lam cho bau troi cang tang sac d vang cam nhu cac thanh ph
ln.
Ozone: anh hung dn mau sac anh sang mat troi, nh nhat la 0 va ln nhat la 1.
Cia tri nh cho anh sang mau vang, gia tri ln cho anh sang mau xanh hon.
Intensity Multiplier: d chi cua anh sang mat troi. Trong truong hop anh sang
mat troi bi chi, ban hay giam bt thng s nay.
Size Multipier: kich thuc anh mat troi,chi can thit khi can c su xuat hin cua
mat troi trong buc anh (nhu bau troi,mat bin).
Shadow subdivs: diu khin s luong sample cua bng d, gia tri cang ln bng
d cang chat luong nhung thoi gian render lai tang ln.
Chnh theo setting dui dy:
Sau khi chinh cac thng s cac ban c th render (setting nay chi la tham khao,
trong qua trnh thuc hanh ban se tm ra nhiu setting khac dep hon)
Ta c kt qua:
CHUONG S:
N TP

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Giao Trinh Sketchup PDF

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Giao trnh SketchUp chuyn nganh Din Hoa Kin Truc _ Luu hanh ni b 2011

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