CSB Details

248086236.xls.
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Inciden
t #
Inspection # Date Date City State Fatality Injury Description Fuel
General Fuel
Category
Equipment
Involved
Facility Type SIC Code General Facility Type
Ignition
Source
Property
Damage
Area of
Facility
Work Activity
1 1980 1/24/1980 Indianapolis IN 0 0 Dust explosion Food Food Starch Plant 2041 31122
2 1980 2/1/1980 Minneapolis MN 1 8
The mill manufactured milk replacer for calves, pigs, and
lambs. The mill was destroyed by an explosion when an
employee lowered a drop cord into a bin to see if it was
empty. A conveyor was running at the bottom of the bin.
The drop cord got caught in the conveyor and caused the
explosion. The explosion spread throughout the steel
bins and the warehouse.
Powedered
milk
Food Bin/conveyor
Powdered milk
mill
$1.5
million
3 1980 2/8/1980 Decatur IL 0 0 Dust explosion Food Wet Corn Milling 2041 311221 Unknown Unknown
4 1980 5/9/1980 Haskell OK 0 2 Dust explosion Food
Dehydration
Plant
5 1980 5/10/1980 Eden NC 0 0 Dust explosion Food Unknown
6 1980 7/22/1980 Jacksonville FL 0 0 Dust explosion Food Brewery 2082 31212
7 1982 1/1/1982 NE 0 0
A static spark ignited sulfur dust and resulted in an
explosion.
Sulfur dust Inorganic Unknown
8 15413321 1982 5/6/1982 Duluth MN 0 9
The explosion occurred in a room where employees were
bagging fumaric acid (a powdered chemical used as a
sweetner). Apparently a static spark from an electric
motor ignited dust from the powdered acid and caused
the explosion.
Fumaric acid Plastic
Electric
motor
Industrial Organic
Chemicals
2869
Chem manufact - Industrial
organic chemicals
Spark NA Production Packaging
9 1982 10/18/1982 Keokuk IA 0 0 Dust explosion Food Starch Plant 2041 31122
Smoldering
Material
Moderate Storage Silo
10 NA 1983 4/19/1983 unknown WI 0 9
The fire began in the boiler room that housed a
combination gas-and wood-fueled boiler. A maintenance
supervisor was instructing another employee in boiler
lighting procedures. The boiler was lit three times and on
the third lighting, yellow fire emitted from the front of the
boiler. The fire advanced upward into a sawdust hopper
and a cyclone system, resulting in a dust explosion
throughout the dust collection network in the building.
The explosion triggered fires throughout the duct piping
systems and other openings.
Saw dust Wood
hopper,
cyclone
system, dust
collection
system
furniture
manufacturer
Furniture & fixtures Production Maintenance
11 14204648 1983 5/1/1983 Walkertown NC 0 0
A dust blowoff booth was installed in one of the cabinet
rooms for the removal of wood dust from furntiture tops
and the exhausting of the dust onto the roof.
Accumulated dust was removed from the roof weekly.
The fire began when an employee who was on the roof to
clean an air intake dropped a cigarette into the
accumulated wood dust. The wood dust ignited and fire
spread to the roof.
Wood dust Wood
Air handling
unit
furniture
manufacturer
2512 Furniture & fixtures Flame
$1.2
million
Production Cleaning
12 1984 2/20/1984 Owensboro KY 0 1 Dust explosion Food
Soybean
Processing
Spontaneous
Combustion
Minor
Dust
Collector
13 1675776 1984 2/23/1984 Loveland OH 0 1
Two employees of a fireworks manufacturing facility were
operating a hydraulic press, assembling wings. They
were loading clay and two pyrotechnic compounds into
cardboard tubes. There was dust on the floor and in
suspension in the air. One employee noticed a fire on the
floor and on his pants leg. He called a warning and exited
the building through a doorway. The other employee, was
trying to leave when he was blown through another
doorway. A second explosion took place outside the
building where 125 pounds of pyrotechnic compound was
improperly stored. This happened while ten or so
employees were fighting the fire from the first explosion.
Pyrotechnic
dust
Inorganic
hydraulic
press
fireworks
manufacturing
company;
chemicals and
chemical
preparations
2899
Chem manufact -
Miscellaneous chemical
products
Unknown NA Production Loading/unloading
14 1984 6/8/1984 Decatur IL 1 3 Dust explosion Food
Corn Gluten
Pelleting Plant
2046 311221 Unknown Moderate
Dust
Collector
15 1663657 1984 6/15/1984 Brilliant OH 1 4
One of several fuel pipes that carry fuel to the boiler
furnace became very hot. When the system was shut
down, an explosion occured in the other fuel pipes. Coal
dust was possibly ignited by the hot fuel pipe. The
workers were preparing to cool the fuel pipe with a fire
hose. Employees #1, 2, 4 and 5 were on the H R deck,
unit 1. Employee #3 was on the H 8 deck, unit 1, 15 feet
below the H R deck. The employees received burns and
suffered from dust inhalation.
Coal dust Coal
Bolier
furnace
Electric services 4911 Electric Services Hot surface NA
16 14762504 1984 6/19/1984 Fairfield IA 1 1
A fire started in the dust collector which is connected to
the wheelabrator.The manufacturer of the machine
believes gas from the fire built up in the wheelabrator and
caused the third and biggest explosion; two smaller
explosions took place in the dust collector. A
maintenance worker on the third shift, was found about 7
ft from where he was standing before the explosion. A
witness saw his head hit the furnace. Another employee
was thrown to the floor about 5 ft from where he was
standing, sustaining a cut on his upper left arm. The fire
marshall officer listed the cause of the fire as static
electricity. Neither the dust collector nor the wheelabrator
had been used for over a week due to repairs. A stone
grinder, which is attached to the dust collector by a duct,
was run twice for 8/10 of an hour. A spark from the stone
grinder, or heat build-up from newly collected dust, may
have started the fire. There was no evidence of fire in any
of the ducts.
Alminum dust Metal
Dust
collection
system,
wheelabrator
(Goff airless
shot blast
equipment
for polishing
aluminum)
aluminum
foundry
3365 Primary metal industries Spark NA Production Inspection
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Inciden
t #
General Fuel
Category
Equipment
Involved
Ignition
Source
Property
Damage
Area of
Facility
Work Activity
17 NA 1984 7/18/1984 unknown CA 0 0
An explosion occurred in a coal bin. Fire was initiated by
spontaneous combustion. Carbon dioxide application
from the top was insufficient to prevent the development
of an explosive atmosphere in the confied space above
the coal. When a smoldering fire burns for a considerable
time without being detected, the buildup of volatile gases
can produce an explosive mixture resulting in an
explosion. There was extensive damage to the bin top
and to the conveyor housing feeding the bin.
Coal dust Coal Coal bin cement producer 3241
Stone, clay, glass, &
concrete products
Spontaneous
combustion
NA
18 1495985 1984 7/23/1984 Hayden CO 1 2
An explosion occured in the ambient air intake ductwork
of the hayden station, unit 2b mill (coal pulverizer). One
worker was struck by a flying air shroud and killed. The
cause of the explosion is unknown. A citation for lack of
training was recommended.
Coal dust Coal
coal
pulverizer
Electric services 4911 Electric Services Unknown NA Production Crushing
19 1151687 1984 8/10/1984 Ravenswood WV 2 0
Crushed coal tar pitch had jammed in a "brady" conveyor
system. Four employees had gone to the basement of
the building and removed a section of the pipe. They
were going to increase air pressure in the line to purge
the material by blowing it out at the point where the pipe
had been disconnected. This was a common practice and
was the second time it had been done on this same shift.
When the line clears itself the entire building is engulfed
in coal tar dust. The area had not been cleaned in over
two weeks, allowing an unusual amount of pitch to build
up in the basement. While one of the foremen was at the
air control valve, pressurizing the system to blow out the
plug, a cloud of dust and a ball of fire came upstairs and
out of the basement. There was instantly a flash fire in
the building. Then a major fire broke out as the pitch
residue, which was everywhere, began to burn. The
ignition source for the explosion and fire was most
probably a broken incandescent light bulb.
Coal dust Coal
"brady"
conveyor
belt
Primary
Production of
Aluminum
3334 Primary metal industries Hot surface NA
20 939041 1984 8/31/1984 Concord NH 0 1
An employee was burned while standing at the feed end
of a time saver sanding machine. Apparently a fire in the
dust collector connected to the time saver machine blew
back through the ductwork of the machine exhaust hoods
and onto the employee's body. The time saver sanding
machine collects steel and aluminum dust from the
surface sanding of steel or aluminum parts processed
through the machine. At the time of this accident the time
saver machine operator was feeding steel parts into the
sander. This process normally generates visible sparks at
the point of sanding. In this instance the sparks became
plugged at the local exhaust hood, near the sanding belt
on the machine, producing a glowing moss of metal. An
employee came into the room to watch the sanding
machine operator try to dislodge the glowing moss with a
rod while standing on the side of the machine. The
employee saw the flexible rubber ductwork behind the
sanding machine operator begin to smoke. The
employee, now standing at the feed end of the sanding
machine, attempted to turn off the electric current to the
dust collection system. At this time, the flash fire occurred
and burned the front of his body from the waist up. The
aluminum dust apparently caught fire from the steel
sparks feeding into a model 20.5 fb-55 torit dust
collection system (dry type with 4 fabric filter bags). This
system was located outdoors. The entire operation was
not in compliance with nfpa std #65 on aluminum
processing, involving the grinding, sanding and polishing
of aluminum materials.
Aluminum
dust
Metal
Time-saver
sanding
machine
Telephone and
Telegraph
Apparatus
3661
Equipment manufacturer -
industrial
Spark NA Production Sanding/grinding
21 15050487 1985 2/14/1985 Albany OR 0 1
A piece of tramp metal was accidently dumped into the
south side hopper along with a load of wood chips and
plywood trimmings, but was stopped by metal disc
screens located a few feet from the hopper. The
movement of the screens caused a spark to occur. The
spark ignited the dust in the confined area of the large
and open-spaced dump house. Because the belt
conveyer was covered, the flame wave was able to travel
the entire length of the conveyor system, running ahead
of the sprinkler system located along the inside of the
conveyer covering. The fire reached the two main storage
buildings via the conveyer system. Additional dust was
probably suspended in the air from a pile of sawdust,
chips and trimmings, causing a secondary explosion. This
occurred each time the fire entered one of the two
storage buildings.
Wood dust Wood Hopper
Reconstituted
Wood Products
2493 Lumber & wood products Metal strike > $ 1 Mil
22 2241834 1985 4/3/1985 Rockford IL 1 13
Employees were working at a plant that mixes and
packages a pesticide for rats, gophers, ground squirrels,
and similar pests. the product consisted of sodium nitrate,
sulfur, charcoal, and dextrim. an arc produced by some
electric equipment started a fuse-like fire on the floor.
several massive explosions then occurred. one employee
was killed, and 13 others were injured in the explosion.
the electric equipment was not approved for the
hazardous location, and there was poor housekeeping at
the plant.
(Sodium
nitrate, sulfur,
charcoal, and
dextrim) dust
Inorganic
Electric
equipment
animal pesticide
packaging plant
7389 Packaging & storage Flame NA Production Packaging
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Inciden
t #
General Fuel
Category
Equipment
Involved
Ignition
Source
Property
Damage
Area of
Facility
Work Activity
23 3357928 1985 6/4/1985 Glenrock WY 0 3
A primary air fan, a motor, and a coal pulverizer system
running at maximum capacity overloaded, causing the
system to shut down. The seal air pressure in the
pulverizer unit overcame the decaying primary air fan
pressure, causing the coal dust to back flow into the
primary air fan shroud which had been running at 500
degrees fahrenheit. The coal dust coming in contact with
the hot metal caused gasification and spontaneous
combustion. The inboard side of the fan shroud
separated and a large fire ball erupted, burning the three
employees who were nearby.
Coal dust Coal
coal
pulverizer;
air pressure
fan; air fan
shroud
Electric Services 4911 Electric Services Hot surface NA Production Crushing
24 1985 6/12/1985 Clinton IA 0 1 Dust explosion Food Wet Corn Milling 2041 311221 Fire Minor Dryer
25 NA 1985 6/18/1985 unknown NM 0 0
An explosion occurred in the coal grinding mill circuit
during a scheduled shutdown of a cement kiln. Property
damage and disruption of production resulted. Physical
damage was limited to the 914.4-mm diameter hot air
supply pipe which had separated at the welded joint, bent
and distorted coal screw feeder covers, the hot air inlet
damper (badly bent), and minor distortion of the cold air
inlet control damper.
Coal dust coal Grinding mill cement producer 3241
concrete products
Unknown NA Unknown
26 3311347 1985 6/24/1985 Galax VA 0 7
Explosion occurred in dust system of rough mill area;
explosion flashed back through duct intakes.
Wood dust Wood
Dust
collection
system
Wood Household
Furniture
2511 Furniture & fixtures Unknown NA
27 3264637 1985 8/2/1985 Brighan City UT 0 0
On august 2, 1985, at approximately 11:14 pm, an
explosion occurred at building m-75. The exact cause of
the explosion is not known, however it is believed to have
started in the final product bag house, spread to the large
dryer and then to the dust collection system. The dryer,
final product collection system and dust collector burned
at a high speed, generating high pressures and bursting
these enclosed systems. The resulting fire destroyed the
ingredient preparation area as well. The probable cause
of the incident is a static discharge from the materials
moving through the system.
Combustible
dust
Inorganic
dust
collection
system,
dryer, and
baghouse
manufacturer of
Guided Missiles
and Space
Vehicles
3761
industrial
Static NA Production Ingrident preparation
28 100356013 1985 10/24/1985 Brunswick GA 1 2
To free a clogged vertical bucket conveyor, employees
scooped vinsol (resin) with shovels from a pit. A lamp was
positioned through a hinged steel door via an extension
chord. Upon finishing the task, the employees slamed the
door closed, causing an electrical short, which led to a
dust explosion.
Resin (Vinsol)
dust
Plastic
vertical
bucket
container;
light device
w/extension
cord
gum and wood
chemicals
2861
organic chemicals
Electrical NA
29 2417442 1986 2/28/1986 Manitowoc WI 0 4
A construction company was renovating an incinerator at
a liquid smoke manufacturer. The pipe used to feed
charcoal dust into the incinerator became filled with
charcoal dust. While attempting to fit the pipe to the
ceiling of the incinerator, an employee removed the end
cap, releasing the accumulated charcoal dust. The dust
made contact with a propane heater being used inside a
temporary enclosure around the incinerator. A flash fire
resulted.
Charcoal dust Wood
incinerator;
propane
heater
manufacturer of
"smoke" flavoring
for food products
(pyrolysis
technology)
2087 Food products Flame NA Production Repair/modification
30 1986 6/18/1986 Fairfield CA 0 4 Dust explosion Food Malt Plant 2083 311213
Foreign
Material
Minor Bin
31 101651198 1986 7/1/1986 Grafton OH 1 1
Two employees were mixing and bagging the following
three compounds: aluminum powder (metallic al), iron
oxide, and zirconium silicate. Another employee was
bringing in drums of aluminum powder and placing them
on a metal deck. One of the drums fell 2 to 3 feet, striking
the metal floor and causing a spark. The spark ignited the
metal dust, causing an explosion and fire.
Aluminum
dust
Metal
mixing tank;
drum of
aluminum
powder
chemical and
chemical
preparations
2899
Chem manufact -
products
Metal strike NA
32 2204907 1986 7/22/1986 Elk Grove Village IL 0 1
The employee was charging a 1,000-gallon mixing tank
with dry materials prior to blending a batch of gel lacquer.
Before charging, the tank had been cleaned with 50
gallons of toluene. The tank was charged with 370
pounds of a chlorinated rubber product and an estimated
120 pounds of carnauba wax. The employee then
removed the polyethylene liner from the fiberboard drum
of wax and shook it. Shaking the polyethylene liner
generated a static spark that ignited the dust and the
toluene vapors in the tank. A flash fire resulted. Nitrogen
had been added to the tank, but sufficient oxygen was
still present to support combustion.
Chlorinated
rubber dust
Plastic mixing tank
manufacturer of
Adhesives and
Sealants
2891
Chem manufact -
products
Static NA Production Loading/unloading
33 104498407 1986 7/29/1986 Becker MN 0 2
A lead worker and four other employees were assigned
the task of changing dust filter bags on a coal dust
collector at an electric power generation plant. Using their
employer's energy control procedures, they isolated the
system and set up the job. The employees were using
two portable 500-watt quartz lights--one on the work
platform and one at floor level. The light at floor level had
a broken lens. While this light was on, one of the
employees noticed coal dust falling on the light and
realized that that was an explosion hazard. He reached
for the light, and it exploded,.
Coal dust Coal
2 portable
quartz light
devices; dust
collector
Electric Services 4911 Electric Services Hot surface NA
34 3248416 1986 9/8/1986 Memphis TN 1 1
An explosion in the dust collecting system caused an
interior wall of a building to collapse. An employee sitting
in an office and was struck by falling debris and was
killed.
Wood dust Wood
Dust
collection
system
Hardwood
Dimension and
Flooring Mills
2426 Lumber & wood products Unknown NA Production Unknown
35 100145838 1986 9/13/1986 Ashtabula OH 2 0
Fire broke out on a bridge conveyor. Employees entered
conveyor with fire extinguishers. The burning conveyor
belt broke, causing two dust explosions.
Unknown Food
bridge
conveyor
Marine Cargo
Handling
4491 Packaging & storage Fire NA
36 1986 12/15/1986 Peoria IL 0 0 Dust explosion Food Alcohol Plant 2046 311221 Hot Bearing Minor
Bucket
Elevator
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Inciden
t #
General Fuel
Category
Equipment
Involved
Ignition
Source
Property
Damage
Area of
Facility
Work Activity
37 3349669 1986 12/31/1986 Galax VA 0 2
Employees preparing to start a fire in a boiler by inserting
kindling into the firebox; some airborne dust entered the
firebox when an ignition source (burning newspaper) was
added to the boiler, causing a flashback.
Wood dust Wood boiler/firebox
Hardwood
Dimension and
Flooring Mills
2426 Lumber & wood products Fire NA
38 100179662 1987 2/4/1987 Marion NY 1 5
An employee was removing (grinding) tefcon coatings
from aluminum fuser rolls when explosion occurred.
Aluminum
dust
Metal
grinder,
aluminum
fuser rolls
Coating,
Engraving, and
Allied Services
3479 Fabricated metal products Unknown NA
39 100344555 1987 3/18/1987 Grove Hill AL 1 0
On march 18, 1987, an employee went outside to light a
sawdust burner with a borrowed disposable butane
cigarette lighter. The wind was high (approximately 30-40
mph) that day. The employee went inside the burner to
light the sawdust, then came out and closed the door
behind him. He then started to run. He ran around the
yard, on fire, until he found a puddle of rain water. He
then began to roll in the water, trying to put out the fire. It
is conjectured that the wood dust inside the burner was
heavily suspended in air (due to the high winds) and
exploded in a flash fire when the employee lit the
disposable butane cigarette lighter. Alternatively, it is
conjectured that the disposable cigarette lighter may
have exploded.
Wood dust Wood
Saw dust
burner
manufacturer of
furniture
2531 Furniture & fixtures Flame NA Disposal
Saw dust
incineration
40 104054697 1987 3/27/1987 East Chicago IN 1 2
Employees were removing dust bags from a Pangborn
dust collector located in the 4-A roll shop at the
company's plant #2. The dust collector had two rooms: a
motor room for the exhaust fan, and a bag room, in which
bags hung from the ceiling over a hopper that was
protected by a grate. a contractor hired to remove the
dust with a vacuum truck, was in the motor room. His
head and shoulders were through a 14 by 34 inch
porthole leading into the bag room. He was taking bags
from one employee and throwing them out of the dust
collector. The vacuum truck was connected to the hopper
and was in operation when an explosion occurred in the
hopper and flames shot upward to where the three
employees were working.
Iron dust Metal
Dust
collection
system
steel plant 3312 Primary metal industries Unknown NA Production Repair/modification
41 103927687 1987 4/8/1987 Mishawaka IN 1 0
An employee was adding several bags of a chemical (cab-
/-sic Osica) and xylene to a 500 gallon churn. The xylene
and the chemical dust ignited, causing flash fire
cab-/-sic dust Plastic Mixer
fabricator of
rubber products
3069 Rubber & plastic products Unknown NA Production Loading/unloading
42 102097482 1987 6/10/1987 Salt Lake City UT 0 6
Employees were present when a surface dresser belt
sander metal finishing machine had been used to surface
aluminum plate parts. The particulate matter was drawn
into a bag dust collector and the process was then
changed to steel. A leadman saw smoke coming from the
machine, but ignored it. After about an hour, profuse
smoke came out of the dust collector and when the
residue tray was opened a sparking fire was observed.
When the shag door was opened, the fire level
increased. An employee used an ABC fire extinguisher to
put out the fire, causing the dust to explode into a fireball.
Aluminum
dust
Metal
surface
dresser belt
sander metal
finishing
machine;
dust
collection
system
sheet metal work 3444 Fabricated metal products Unknown NA Production Sanding/grinding
43 1987 9/13/1987 Decatur AL 0 0 Dust explosion Food Wet Corn Milling 2041 311221 Fire Moderate Dryer
44 1988 1/14/1988 Marshall MN 0 0 Dust explosion Food Corn Wet Milling 2046 311221 Metal Sparks Minor
Bucket
Elevator
45 1988 3/19/1988 Santa Maria CA 0 3 Dust explosion Food
Sugar
Processing
2063 311313 Unknown Unknown NA
46 100508878 1988 3/30/1988 Union NJ 0 2
Two chemical operators received chemical burns on their
upper torsos when a deflagration blast occurred as they
were charging a catalyst into a reactor through a 14 inch
charge port. they were both hospitalized.
Catalyst dust Pharmaceutical
reactor;
charge port
pharmaceutical
manufacturing
2834
Chem Manufact -
Pharmaceutical Preparations
Production Loading/unloading
47 2981835 1988 4/15/1988 Roseboro NC 0 2
Smoke was seen coming from one of the flexible ducts of
a production belt sander. The sander was shut down and
the cover opened to determine the cause of the smoke. A
small fire was discovered inside the sander in some
accumulated wood dust. Plant personnel extinguished
the fire. After this fire was extinguished, smoke was
detected coming from the dust collection system pipe
outside the plant. Investigation revealed that there was
some dust on fire inside the pipe near the cyclone. A hole
was cut in the pipe and water directed onto the fire.
During this time, the exhaust system blower was turned
off. While the water was being placed onto the fire in the
pipe, an employee was banging on the pipe trying to
dislodge the burning dust. When the blower was turned
back on, the dust in the pipe exploded, rupturing the pipe
in several places.
Wood dust Wood
production
belt sander
hardwood veneer
and plywood
manufacturer
2435 Lumber & wood products Unknown NA Production Sanding/grinding
48 102433224 1988 5/12/1988 Cleveland OH 1 8
Three production operations were functioning: the #3
screening system, where an inert material is ground,
sized, and screened; the dryer, where ferromanganese is
stabilized; and the nugget system, where manganese
and iron powders are mixed with a "glue" to make
"nuggets." A series of explosions occurred, probably
originating at the nugget machine where sparks/fire
entered the outside bag dust collector through the duct
work, causing a violent explosion within the collector. The
top of the collector blew, and flaming pieces of metal flew
onto a wooden portion of the plant roof. The fire spread
rapidly because of the wood roof, the combustible
dust/powders in the plant and, possibly, because of
ruptured gas lines.
Manganese
dust
Metal
Dust
collection
system
Electric and Gas
Welding and
Soldering
Equipment
3548
industrial
Unknown NA Production Loading/unloading
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Inciden
t #
General Fuel
Category
Equipment
Involved
Ignition
Source
Property
Damage
Area of
Facility
Work Activity
49 103294435 1988 7/13/1988 Lima OH 1 2
A 30-ton ladle containing 50,000 lbs of molten iron
snapped and spilled an unknown quantity of iron onto the
floor at the south end of a 20ft pit in an iron foundry. A
flash fire was immediately created by the combustion of
the molten iron and foundry dust.
Metal dust Metal
30-ton ladle;
Alliance
overhead
cab crane
steel foundry 3325 Primary metal industries Hot surface NA Production Loading/unloading
50 101238335 1988 11/19/1988 Addyston OH 1 0
Employee lowered an exposed light bulb into a hopper in
order to see while cleaning; the water used to clean the
hopper broke the bulb, igniting the dust and causing an
explosion.
Plastic dust Plastic Hopper
plastics
materials,
synthetic resins,
and
nonvulcanizable
elastomers
2821
Chem manufact - Plastics
materials & synthetic resins
Hot surface NA
51 1988 12/2/1988 Minneapolis MN 0 0 Dust explosion Food Oat Mill 3112 Unknown Minor
Dust
Collector
52 105988828 1988 12/2/1988 Bellamy AL 1 0
An employee was inspecting a mill boiler and associated
compartments, which had been idling for approximately
21 hours. When the employee opened the inspection
door to a fly ash collector, the opening of the door
resulted in an influx of air that apparently caused the
bridged dust to flame up, weaken, and fall out.
Wood dust Wood
mill boiler;
Dust
collection
system
paper product
manufacturer
2421 Lumber & wood products Unknown NA Production Inspection
53 100503093 1989 1/11/1989 Robesonia PA 1 0
Employee working on metal line brushing aluminum dust
into mixing drum with hand brush; the static electricity
ignited the dust, causing an explosion and fire.
Aluminum
dust
Metal
Hand brush;
mixing drum
Secondary
nonferrous
metals
3341 Primary metal industries Static NA
54 108038944 1989 1/25/1989 Battle Creek MI 0 1
An explosion occurred with the pulverizer of a hammer
mill (which was driving granulated sugar through a screen
to produce fine powdered sugar), causing a possible
second explosion in the soundproof room that employees
were working in.
Sugar dust Food
hammer
mill/pulverize
r
food preparations 2099 Food products Hot surface NA Production Crushing
55 1989 2/3/1989 Atchison KS 0 0 Dust explosion Food
Bulk Feed
Warehouse
2046 311221
Electric
Sparks
Moderate
End of
Storage
Building
56 1989 2/14/1989 Cedar Rapids IA 0 0 Dust explosion Food
Chemical
Processing Plant
28 Fire Minor
Dust
Collector
57 18221762 1989 3/2/1989 Wilkes Barre PA 1 2
Three employees were in the area of a dry-type dust
collection device that was being used to collect aluminum
and steel dust from a grinder/polisher. The steel dust
created heat and sparks, which ignited the aluminum dust
in the dust collector. One of the employees noticed
smoke and flames and attempted to extinguish the fire
using an H2O fire extinguisher. The fire increased rapidly
in intensity, burning all three employees.
Aluminum
dust
Metal
Dust
collection
system;
grinder/polis
her
Fabricator of
Wire Products
3496 Fabricated metal products Spark NA Production Sanding/grinding
58 1989 5/12/1989 Decatur IL 0 0 Dust explosion Food Wet Corn Milling 2046 311221 Hot Metal Severe
Drag
Conveyor
59 106572217 1989 7/13/1989 Fort Smith AR 0 7
An explosion occurred in the powder room of the facility
when chemicals used in a coating process were ignited.
The source of ignition was unknown. The rubber coating
is applied in a dust form. The dust probably was sparked
by a device that emits an eletcric static discharge.
Plastic dust Plastic Unknown
Miscellaneous
Fabricated Wire
Products
3496 Fabricated metal products Static NA
60 107929630 1989 8/7/1989 Elkhart IN 0 2
A high-speed spindle assembly malfunctioned,
overheated, and partially disintigrated, sending either hot
metal or burning wood into a dust collector system. An
explosion took place in the bag house of the system,
causing a back blast down the duct work.
Wood dust Wood
Unsupported
Plastics Profile
shapes
3082 Rubber & plastic products Hot surface NA
61 NA 1989 Information not cleared for public release Coal dust Coal
conveyor
belt, coal
crusher unit
power plant Electric Services Production Inspection
62 1989 11/13/1989 Keokuk IA 0 0 Dust explosion Food Wet Corn Milling 2046 311221 Unknown Minor Unknown
63 1989 11/22/1989 Keokuk IA 0 0 Dust explosion Food Starch Plant 2041 31122 Fire Moderate
Dust
Collector
64 110292604 1990 1/17/1990 Avon Lake OH 2 1
Employees were mixing magnesium powder (metallic),
calcium carbide, and sodium chloride. They were using a
steel pipe to loosen a blockage in a magnesium batching
hopper. The pipe caused a spark to ignite the
magnesium, causing a flash fire and explosion.
Magnesium
dust
Metal
Magnesium
batching
hopper
Chemical
preparations
facility
2899
Chem manufact -
products
Metal strike NA
65 NA 1990 2/19/1990 ? OR 0 9
Accumulations of paper dust at the bow truss level to the
roof decking were ignited by heat from an overhead
natural gas heater. The fire spread rapidly both
horizontally and vertically because of the dust
accumulations. Accumulations of dust and paint on
automatic sprinklers delayed sprinkler activation.
Paper dust Wood
natural gas
heater
cardboard box
manufacturer
Paper products Unknown
$12.0
million
Production Unknown
66 108581760 1990 3/31/1990 Newburgh IN 0 7
An employee started welding cable tray brackets and
conduit pipe supports while standing on top of an exhaust
duct leading to the the outside of the building.The duct
came from a wet type dust collection machine, and
carried aluminum fines and dust. Due to a gap in the
duct, aluminum fines were dispersed into open air.
Welding sparks ignited the dust and fines, which created
a fireball.
Aluminum
dust
Metal
Lincoln arc
welder
#6251; Type
N Roto-
Clone dust
collection
machine
electrical
generation plant
1731 Electric Services Spark NA Production Repair/modification
67 104362215 1990 4/20/1990 Baltimore MD 0 2
After a maintenance shutdown, an employee restarted a
nitride line. An explosion occurred within the elevator of
the line, and hot dust escaped through the vent panel.
Metal dust Metal Elevator
Electrometallurgi
cal Products
3313 Primary metal industries Unknown NA
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Inciden
t #
General Fuel
Category
Equipment
Involved
Ignition
Source
Property
Damage
Area of
Facility
Work Activity
68 103483178 1990 6/21/1990 Hot Springs AR 2 0
Witnessing paint peeling off the lower part of a hopper in
a newly-installed aluminum dust collection system, two
employees recognized this as an indication that the dust
was on fire. The system was closed off and the dampers
were shut so that the fire would be smothered from lack
of oxygen. The fire appeared to have gone out, when an
explosion occurred in the hopper.
Aluminum
dust
Metal
Dust
collection
system
nonferrous
metals
3341 Primary metal industries Unknown NA Production Inspection
69 109364612 1990 6/29/1990 Tamaqua PA 0 2
One employee was manually dumping magnesium
powder into a pneumatic feed that would feed larger
particles to a hammermill. Another employee was
sweeping. The magnesium dust ignited and caused a
flash fire.
Magnesium
dust
Metal
Pneumatic
feed;
hammer mill
Nonferrous
foundaries
3369 Primary metal industries Unknown NA
70 1990 9/27/1990 Pekin IL 0 0 Dust explosion Food Wet Corn Milling 2046 311221 Hot Metal Minor
Bucket
Elevator
71 111934428 1990 10/22/1990 Corcoran CA 0 1
Employee was operating a gin when the battery
condenser became plugged. To unplug it, he ascended
to the top of the battery condenser, opening the top and
bottom doors, and then returned to the top door. He felt
air coming up from the machine. The cotton dust insdie
the condenser erupted in flames, sending a flash of
flames to the ceiling.
Cotton dust Textile
battery
condenser
cotton ginning/
agriculture
services
724 Textile products Unknown NA Production Cleaning
72 1990 11/5/1990 Grand Rapids MI 0 0 Dust explosion Food
Bulk Flour
Station
2041 Fire Minor Storage Bin
73 104435987 1990 11/9/1990 Baltimore MD 0 1
Chemetal employee was working with welding contractor,
attaching guardrails to a fixed platform and ladder.
Sparks ignited a garbage bag, which was removed;
however, a spark entered the dust collector and ignited
the cloud inside.Chemetal used fire extinguisher; then an
explosion occurred.
Metal dust Metal
welding
device; dust
collector
Electrometallurgi
cal Products
3313 Primary metal industries Fire NA
74 112402128 1990 11/27/1990 Franklin VA 2 0
Dust was coming from the Baur filter of the south tower.
Two employees were dispatched to the tower. They
removed the door of the Baur filter and were attempting
to unplug the filter, when they became engulfed in
flames. Sawdust from the open door of the filter and dust
from the air outlet created a dust cloud that infused the
tower and filtered down to the hot surface (742-810
degrees Fahrenheit) of the dust system and ignited.
Saw dust Wood
Pneumafil
Baur filter
reconstituted
wood products
2493 Lumber & wood products Hot surface NA Production Cleaning
75 1991 4/1/1991 Keokuk IA 0 0 Dust explosion Food Starch Plant 2041 31122 Unknown Moderate
Dust
Collector
76 105307003 1991 4/11/1991 Veneta OR 0 1
An employee was inside a baghouse, cleaning the bags
that are used to remove wood dust and particulates as
part of a plant's wood dust exhaust system. Process
involves entering baghouse through acess hole located
toward bottom of the funnel-shaped structure and
manually shaking the cloth bags. Employee entered by a
ladder inserted through access hole. A rubber-handled
trouble light was attached to the end of the ladder,
extending outside the structure. Wood dust falling
through the access hole was ignited by the light; fire
instantly spread through the interior of the baghouse.
Wood dust Wood
bag house,
rubber-
handled
trouble light,
dust
collection
system
sawmill 2421 Lumber & wood products Hot surface NA Production Cleaning
77 112065024 1991 6/6/1991 Santa Fe Springs CA 1 1
An explosion occurred at the granulator in a wet blend
area. Sodium chlorite (NaCIO2), CAS#7758-19-2, was
found to be in use at the work site.
Sodium
chlorite
Inorganic granulator
pharmaceutical
preparations
2834
Chem Manufact -
Unknown NA Production Unknown
78 17901349 1991 6/12/1991 Littleton NH 0 1
An employee was feeding 400 lb of granular
polyalphamethyl styrene (CAS 25014-31-7) through a
micropulverizer (equipped with a .032 in. screen) into a
dust collector. The dust collector unit has a continuously
self-cleaning bag filter located inside the building and had
no provision for explosion relief or venting. Apparently a
piece of metal between 1 and 2 in. got past the magnet in
the micropulverizer, ignited the dust in the system, and
caused a fire and explosion that blew open the access
door to the dust collector.
Polyalphamet
hyl styrene
dust
Plastic
Mikropal #3
micropulveriz
er (equipped
with a .032
in. screen),
Dust
collection
system
special industry
machinery
3559
industrial
Metal strike NA Production Loading/unloading
79 108505983 1991 9/1/1991 Las Vegas NM 1 2
A dust explosion occurred when 3 employees were
repairing a broken conveyor belt that runs inside a
covered conveyor.
Wood dust Wood
conveyor
belt
reconstituted
wood products
2493 Lumber & wood products Unknown NA
80 112119029 1991 9/21/1991 Gardena CA 0 2
An employee was cutting the metal rod of a machine
press with an acetylene torch while another employee
was on a forklift holding the machine press steady. As the
metal rod was totally cut off, the forklift jerked and a cloud
of dust that had accumulated on top of the lighting fixture
drifted downward. As the dust came in contact with the
acetylene torch flame, it ignited and formed a fireball that
burned both employees.
Metal dust Metal
machine
press,
acetylene
torch
Plastics Materials
and Basic Forms
and Shapes
5162 Rubber & plastic products Flame NA Production Repair/modification
81 1991 9/24/1991 Information not cleared for public release Food Cereal Plant 2043 31123 Spark Minor
Dust
Collector
82 1991 12/17/1991 Romeo MI 0 11
An explosion resulted as a spark created by a worker with
an allen wrench who was turning a screw to adjust a
machine. The spark ignited some propellant dust and a
vacuum system carried the fire to another room where a
barrel of dust exploded.
Sodium Azide Inorganic
Machine/
Vvacuum
system
Spark from
tool
Production Maintenance
83 1992 6/3/1992 Center Falls RI 0 2 Dust explosion Food Toy Mfg. 3944 339932 Unknown Minor Storage Bin
84 NA 1992 7/31/1992 Baltimore MD 0 1
On Thursday July 30th a panel door blew off the dust
hopper and the unit was shut down. Metal dust was still
smoldering within the equipment on firday when two
maintenance employees attempted to replace collection
bags within the equipment. Opening the hopper caused
air to ignite the metal dust that was smoldering. A flash
fire occurred.
Ferromagane
se
Metal hopper
Electrometallurgi
cal Products
3313 Primary metal industries
Dust
Collector
Maintenance
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Inciden
t #
General Fuel
Category
Equipment
Involved
Ignition
Source
Property
Damage
Area of
Facility
Work Activity
85 115037293 1992 10/3/1992 Gary IN 1 0
An employee was dumping powdered magnesium into a
mixer on a platform. A flash fire occurred when a static
spark from the dust collector hose ignited a suspension of
magnesium above the mixer opening. The magnesium
suspension was created when the second drum was
dumped. The employee either jumped or fell to the
concrete floor, gashing his head. He suffered third-
degree burns over more than 90 percent of his body. He
was taken to the Chicago Burn Center, where he died
later that day.
Magnesium
dust
Metal
mixer, dust
collector
hose
industrial
furnances and
ovens
3567
industrial
86 107118499 1992 11/18/1992 Rapid City SD 0 2
Two employees were operating and monitoring a self-fed
industrial wood sanding machine used in a particleboard
production process. The shaved wood particles were
collected by a pneumatic extraction system and
transported to pollution control equipment consisting of a
cyclone and baghouse (filter). An ignition source within
the confined chambers of the pollution control equipment
initiated a wood dust explosion. The explosion and fire
ball propagated backward through the dust extraction
system and entered the work area.
Wood dust Wood
Dust
collection
system
reconstituted
wood products
87 111141339 1992 12/4/1992 Beaufort NC 0 5
A wood silo fire was reported on December 2, 1992 and
continued through December 4, 1992, at silo #2.
Attempts were made on Wednesday and Thursday
morning to mechanically remove the embers and material
inside the silo, but the attempts were unsuccessful.
Access doors were then opened and the material was
removed manually by members of the fire department
and employees and management of Atlantic Veneer. On
Friday morning, employees were cleaning out silo #2 and
removing material when wood dust inside the silo ignited
and shot out of the west side access door approximately
83 ft. No employees were wearing protective clothing.
Wood dust Wood Silo
hardwood veneer
and plywood
manufacturer
2435 Lumber & wood products Fire NA Storage Cleaning
88 107355562 1993 1/6/1993 Deer Park NY 2 2
At approximately 2:00 a.m., four employees were at work
during the night shift in a factory when an explosion of
unknown origin occurred. The explosion blew out
concrete block walls and engulfed the factory in flames
and smoke. Two of the employees escaped through an
opening created by a downed wall. They were injured,
but did not require hospitalization. The other two died of
multiple injuries and smoke inhalation. Exit doors were
kept locked and latched during the night shift.
Vitamin dust Pharmaceutical Oven
vitamin and food
supplement
manufacturer
2034
Chem Manufact -
Flame NA Production Capsulation
89 17903816 1993 2/8/1993 Ashland NH 0 8
An ignition source, probably a saw, caused a small fire
and/or deflagration at the dust collection system
baghouse. A low-pitch rumble was heard by employees,
who then saw a large volume of dust blow out of the
return air ducts, followed by a flame. A secondary
explosion occurred, and the resulting pressure wave
pushed out a section of wall in the opposite end of the
plant.
Wood dust Wood
Diehl ripsaw,
dust
collection
system
shoe
manufacturing
2499 Lumber & wood products Unknown NA Production Cutting
90 1993 3/21/1993 Cedar Rapids IA 0 0 Dust explosion Food Wet Corn Milling 2046 311221 Unknown Minor Dryer
91 120469168 1993 3/24/1993 West Coulmbia SC 2 2
A partially completed, electrically controlled supply line
from a holding tank to a mixing tank was filled with dry
terephthalic acid (TPA) up to a closed valve. Employees
were assigned to cut out a section of steel grate above
the mixing tank for access. The cut was being made with
an air arc gauge with Plasmarc and Mappgas. The tank
was under the supply line. The valve was inadvertently
opened, releasing TPA dust into the atmosphere where
the cutting was conducted. This caused an explosion and
fire, in which two employees were killed and two others
injured.
Dry
Terephthalic
acid dust
Plastic
air arc gauge
with
Plasmarc
and
Mappgas;
mixing tank
Plastics
Materials,
Synthetic Resins,
and
Nonvulcanizable
Elastomers
2821
Chem manufact - Plastics
materials & synthetic resins
Spark NA Production Repair/modification
92 102878584 1993 4/26/1993 Westbury NY 0 0
Oven fire; cause unknown although suspected to be
caused due to accumulation of combustible dust
Vitamin dust Pharmaceutical oven
vitamin and food
supplement
manufacturer
2834
Chem Manufact -
Unknown NA Production Capsulation
93 114997323 1993 5/12/1993 Lowell IN 0 1
An employee was preparing to dump a bag of resin into a
hopper with a forklift when the resin reclaim unit blew out.
The dust ignited in the duct system and traveled to the
reclaim unit, where the blast enjulfed the area. The initial
spark may have occurred from a steel-on-metal spark in
the LaRouche machine or an overheated bearing in the
air-lay machine.
Resin dust Plastic
Dust
collection
system,
LaRouche
machine, air-
lay machine
manufacturer of
pottery products
3269
concrete products
Metal strike NA Production Loading/unloading
94 1993 5/17/1993 Owatonna MN 1 0 Dust explosion Food Food Plant 2099 3119 Unknown Severe
Top of
Storage Bins
95 108755448 1993 9/3/1993 Swissvale PA 1 0
An employee poured approximately 21 lbs of highly
explosive aluminum powder into a rotating metal bucket
that contained other powdered metal pigments. During
the pouring, a dust explosion and fire occurred. Possible
explanation: a buildup of static charge occurred during
the pouring of the powder in combination with dust
conditions in the metal rotating bucket.
Aluminum
dust
Metal Metal bucket
manufacturer of
pressed and
blown glass
3229
concrete products
96 123717092 1993 9/27/1993 Klamath Falls OR 0 1
An employee was blowing down wood dust that had
accumulated in a raw material storage area of a
particleboard plant. During this time, a wood dust fire had
started in another portion of the plant, which soon
traveled to the area where he was working. A secondary
wood dust explosion and fire resulted.
Wood dust Wood Unknown
industrial and
personal paper
products
5113 Lumber & wood products Unknown NA Storage Cleaning
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Inciden
t #
General Fuel
Category
Equipment
Involved
Ignition
Source
Property
Damage
Area of
Facility
Work Activity
97 1993 10/25/1993 Hamilton NJ 0 9 Dust explosion Food Candy Mfg. 2064 31133 Fire Moderate
Dust
Collector
98 119577575 1993 12/2/1993 Abingdon MD 0 1
A barrel of aluminum dust stored adjacent to electrical
panels somehow became contaminated with water, which
exothermically reacted with the aluminum dust to form
hydrogen gas. The lid blew off, and a cloud of the dust
exploded. Nearby combustible material ignited.
Aluminum
dust
Metal Barrel metal stampings 3469 Fabricated metal products Explosion NA
99 1994 4/21/1994 Cedar Rapids IA 0 0 Dust explosion Food Bakery Mix Plant 2045 311822 Sparks Moderate
Dust
Collector
100 108563958 1994 4/21/1994 Owensville IN 0 22
A smoldering coal fire in a turbine generator hopper was
being monitored. Fire hoses were pumping water down
19-inch-wide floor openings, which were normally
covered, into the hopper, which was in a bunker room on
the south side of a coal tripper. The fire escalated. Two
yard supervisors were at the bunker room door handling
fire hoses. Four yard workers were using the fire hoses to
pump water into the hopper. At 9:00 AM, just as a
township fire fighter walked through the east door of the
ninth floor bunker room, an explosion occurred.
Coal dust Coal
turbine
generator
hopper
Electric Services 4911 Electric Services Flame NA Production Extinguising fire
101 1994 5/28/1994 Cedar Rapids IA 0 0 Dust explosion Food Starch Plant 2041 31122 Hot Metal Moderate Blender
102 1994 6/1/1994 Baltimore MD 0 3
A custom cabinet making business was severly damaged
by a dust fire when sawdust ignited during a sanding
operation.
sawdust Wood Sander
Cabinet
manfacturer
Furniture & fixtures $50 K Production Sanding
103 1994 6/16/1994 Shakopee MN 0 2 Dust explosion Food Malt Plant 2083 311213 Unknown Severe
Bucket
Elevator
104 120052121 1994 7/16/1994 Information not cleared for public release Textile dust Textile
grinder, dust
collection
system
textile machinery 3552 Textile products Spark NA Production Cleaning
105 1994 9/14/1994 Information not cleared for public release Titanium dust metal
rubber hoses
and grinder
Jet Parts Plant Manufacturing grinding
106 1994 9/16/1994 Mesa AZ 1 6
Contractors were doing remodeling work in a press bay at
TRW. An employee was grinding on a metal duct that
was contaminated with sodium azide, causing an
explosion.
sodium azide chemical metal duct
Vehicle parts and
accessories
3714 Manufacturing grinding press bay
remodeling work in a
press bay; grinding
metal duct
contaminated with
sodium azide
107 125287839 1994 11/20/1994 Lenoir NC 2 4
The incident occurred in the particle board manufacturing
portion of the plant. Raw dust was taken in and redefined
into finished sheets of particle board. It was determined
that there were three potential sources of ignition: a stray
piece of metal in a grinding maching that sparked, a leak
in an overhead oil line that atomized and subsequently
ignited, or a natural gas leak in the vicinity of the thermal
transfer unit that was ignited explosively. Following the
initiating event, four explosions occurred throughout the
facility. These explosions were caused by dust in the
facility that was placed into suspension in the air by each
prior explosion. The dust in suspension then came into
contact with an ignition source and ignited explosively. It
was observed that there were large amounts of dust
throughout the facility, and there were minimal efforts to
control ignition sources.
Wood dust Wood None
particle board
manufacturer
2493 Lumber & wood products Production
108 120177902 1994 12/16/1994 Sacramento CA 0 2
Employees were inspecting a dust collection system bag
house. After taking oxygen readings, both began work in
the collector and bag house. A 110 volt halogen light was
being used; it became hot and ignited the dust, causing
an explosion/fire.
Wood dust Wood
Halogen
light, Dust
collection
system
Facilities support
services
8744 Unknown Hot surface NA Inspection
109 123794521 1995 1/4/1995 Louisville KY 1 0
An employee was attempting to change an aluminum
powder sensor for a storage/convey tank. The electrical
power to the sensor was still present when the unit went
into operation and generated an aluminum cloud. The
combination of these factors caused two successive
explosions and ensuing fires in which the employee was
killed. Electrical test instruments belonging to the
employee were found in another location. The electrical
power had not been eliminated and the pneumatic energy
source had not been identified and controlled.
Aluminum
dust
Metal
storage/conv
eyor tank
manufacturer of
aluminium
powder and
paste
3399 Primary metal industries Unknown NA Storage Repair/modification
110 106549199 1995 2/28/1995 Olney IL 2 25
27 employees were working inside a building that
contained various equipment for assembling aluminum
alloy bicycle rims, including 3 conveyor-fed booths in
which brushing and polishing were done. The booths had
exhaust systems that deposited the aluminum dust into
an enclosed basement. Heat or sparks from wheels that
were being polished or brushed caused a fire that
traveled from a booth to the basement, resulting in
explosion and additional fire.
Aluminum
dust
Metal
conveyor
booths
motorcycles,
bicycles, and
parts
3751
transportation
Metal strike NA
111 1995 3/24/1995 Information not cleared for public release Food Wet Corn Milling 2046 311221 Explosive Moderate Storage Silo
112 NA 1995 3/25/1995 Blacksburg VA 0 1
A spark ignited aluminum dust in a hopper inside the
plant. A contractor was grinding steel when sparks from
his operation started the blaze.
Aluminum
dust
Metal Fabricated metal products Production Sanding/grinding
113 122021017 1995 5/22/1995 Morrisville PA 0 1
On May 22, 1995, an employee was using a steel hoe to
clean out the flaker, a piece of processing equipment in
the phosphorus pentasulfide unit at a plant in Morrisville,
NJ. When the unit door was opened, air entered the
flaker, ignition occurred, and a flash fire propagated
through the cleanout door.
Phosphorus
pentasulfide
Inorganic
steel hoe,
flaker
industrial
inorganic
chemicals
2819
inorganic chemicals
Spark NA Production Cleaning
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Inciden
t #
General Fuel
Category
Equipment
Involved
Ignition
Source
Property
Damage
Area of
Facility
Work Activity
114 122194616 1995 7/30/1995 Decatur IL 1 0
An employee was on a platform above a bulk trailer,
unclogging dry starch from a flexible hose. A dust cloud
was created and ignited by an unknown source. A flash
fire explosion occurred.
Starch dust Food Flex hose wet corn milling 2046 Food products Unknown NA Storage Loading/Unloading
115 1995 9/26/1995 Cedar Rapids IA 0 0 Dust explosion Food
Animal By-
Product Plant
2077 311613
Spontaneous
Combustion
Minor Storage Bin
116 119874550 1995 9/29/1995 Information not cleared for public release Sawdust Wood Bin
lumber/wood
products
2431 Lumber & wood products
117 NA 1995 11/16/1995 Spokane WA 0 0
Two bags of aluminum dust caught fire. The 2,000-pound
bags of aluminum dust were stacked inside the
warehouse. Origin of fire unspecified.
Aluminum
dust
Metal
aluminum metal
product
manufacturer
Fabricated metal products Unknown Storage Unknown
118 1995 12/11/1995 Muscatine IA 0 0 Dust explosion Food Wet Corn Milling 2046 311221 Unknown Moderate
Dust
Collector
119 122113871 1995 12/11/1995 Lawerence MA 0 37
An electric spark ignited a combustible nylon fiber dust
cloud in the hopper room at the beginning of a production
line. The hopper room is where nylon fibers are applied to
cloth backings (for upholstery & clothing) using an electric
field. This process is called flocking. The explosion/fire
moved throughout much of the production lines.
USFA technical report states: There are many theories of
how the explosion originated. The flocking process that
occurred in the hopper room was implicated, however
there was also evidence to suggest that the origin was
related to the dryers or the oil heating system. At the time
of this report, the official cause of the explosion has not
been determined.
Nylon fiber
dust
Plastic hopper
manufactures
various types of
textile products
for upholstery
and clothing
2262 Textile products Spark NA Production Nylon flocking
120 NA 1995 12/13/1995 Fitzwilliam NH 0 0
A spark from a sander likely initiated a dust explosion in
the facility, which manufacturers plastic poles (for flags,
masts, etc.). The spark apparently entered the plant's
dust collection system and ignited plastic resin dust. The
explosion blew open a factory door about eight feet from
the sander. It damaged ductwork and the outside dust
collector. It also blew out a vent ontop of the building.
Plastic resin
dust
Plastic
Dust
collection
system
Plastic
manufacturing
Rubber & plastic products Spark NA Production Sanding/grinding
121 109202127 1996 1/9/1996 Lakeland FL 1 0
An employee was standing on a structure that supported
a bin containing approximately 75 kg of generate (which
was a mixture of sodium azide, manganese dioxide,
potassium nitrate, silica, aluminum oxide and magnesium
silicate). Ultimately it was to be made into pellets used in
automobile air bags. The employee was using a
broomstick, attempting to poke through an obstruction in
the flowing pelletizer. A fire erupted, ignited by an
unknown source, and at least one explosion occurred.
generate
(mixture of
sodium azide,
manganese
dioxide,
potassium
nitrate, silica,
aluminum
oxide and
magnesium
silicate)
Inorganic pelletizer
motor vehicle
parts and
accessories
3718
Equipment manufact -
transporation
unknown NA
production
area
pelletizing
122 106335979 1996 1/24/1996 Hayden AZ 0 3
A major explosion occurred in an Electric Slag Cleaning
Vessel (ESCV) in the copper smelting process. The
ESCV is a furnace that uses carbon electrodes to heat a
molten mixture. The first explosion likely occurred b/c of
the removal of electrodes from the molten mixture, which
caused a suspension of cokedust (a dust added to the
molten mixture), which ignited a second major explosion.
Coke dust Coal Unknown copper smelting 3331 Primary metal industries Fire NA Production Copper processing
123 122195043 1996 2/27/1996 Information not cleared for public release Coal dust Coal
Dust
collection
system
Electric Services 4911 Electric Services Unknown NA Production Repair/modification
124 NA 1996 3/4/1996 Richmond VA 0 1
Faulty parts supplying tobacco dust to a dust collector is
believed to have caused the fire.
Tobacco dust Tobacco dust collector
tobacco
processing plant
Tobacco products
125 125501437 1996 4/27/1996 Ukiah CA 1 0
An employee was blending dry metal powder in an open
blender in the powder testing/training area of the plant.
He was using an equipment prototype when the dry metal
powder suspended in the air resulted in a flash fire.
Metal dust Metal
open
blender/mixe
r
Industrial process
furnaces and
ovens
3567
industrial
Unknown NA Production Testing
126 300449790 1996 6/25/1996 Gallatin TN 0 1
Sparks from an abrasive disc cutting operation were
drawn into the dust collection piping system. Sparks then
entered the dust collector itself, where they ignited the
steel powder inside.
Metal dust Metal
Cutting
device, dust
collectoion
system
primary metal
products
3399 Primary metal industries Spark NA Production Cutting
127 1996 7/10/1996 Information not cleared for public release Food Brewery 2082 31212
Static
Electricity
Minor Storage Bin
128 NA 1996 7/20/1996 Information not cleared for public release Sugar dust Food
screw
conveyor,
silo
Sugar Plant 2063 311313 Hot Metal
$44.0
million
Tunnel
under bins
Loading/unloading
129 125462606 1996 7/30/1996 Dublin VA 0 1
Employee was mixing in phenolic resin within a tote as
part of a blending operation. A fire was started by a
spark from hitting a screen or static. Dust particles caught
fire quickly, but were extinguished by employees.
Phenolic resin
dust
Plastic
Blending
Tote
automobile brake
pads and lining
manufacturer
Equipment manufacturer
Manufacturin
g
Blending
130 300041787 1996 8/14/1996 Albuquerque NM 2 0
Two employees were using portable fire extinguishers
and buckets of water to extinguish smoldering sawdust
that was falling out of an overhead storage hopper at a
sawmill. The plant supervisor was attempting to dislodge
smoldering sawdust that was stuck to the hopper's
interior side walls. The two employees and the supervisor
were under the hopper when the sawdust fell out in a
fireball, engulfing them in flames. The two employees
were killed.
sawdust wood hopper
sawmills and
planing mills,
general
2421 lumber & wood products fire NA storage area
attempting to put out
smoldering sawdust
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Inciden
t #
General Fuel
Category
Equipment
Involved
Ignition
Source
Property
Damage
Area of
Facility
Work Activity
131 126764752 1996 11/5/1996 Lindon UT 0 2
Employees were blending magnesium and lime in a large
roller drum and hopper. The mixture was then taken from
the hopper, up an auger, to a shaker unit, and then
dumped onto a belt that carried it into a 3-compartment
"pig trailer". Dust levels were controlled by a local exhaust
ventilation system. An explosion and flash fire occurred
within the hopper, traveled to the roller drum, the shaker
unit, the pig trailer, and the open drums of magnesium.
Fire put out using talc powder.
Magnesium
dust
Metal
hopper, roller
drum, shaker
unit, "pig
trailer"
Chemical
preparations
facility
2899
Chem manufact -
products
Unknown NA Production Loading/Unloading
132 300379336 1996 12/24/1996 Pittsburgh PA 1 0
Employee was using a skip hoist and monorail system to
raise a 1,000 lb (55 gallon) drum of metal iron dust. The
drum overturned and dust spilled throughout the work
area, including an operating fork lift, and a dust explosion
occurred.
Iron dust Metal
skip hoist,
monorail
system, 55
gallon drum
primary metal
products
3399 Primary metal industries Unknown NA Production Loading/Unloading
133 122315229 1997 1/7/1997 Rockford IL 0 5
Employees were spray painting in a powder paint booth
while a coworker was welding a dust collector for the
booth. The powder paint ignited in the dust collector and
flashed through the duct work into the booth. The powder
paint in the booth then ignited, resulting in an explosion
Paint powder Paints
dust
collectoion
system,
welding
device
motor vehicle
parts and
assessories
3714
transportation
Unknown NA Production Spary painting
134 1997 1/10/1997 Decatur IL 0 5 Dust explosion Food Wet Corn Milling 2046 311221 Unknown Unknown Pellet Dryer
135 300104916 1997 2/13/1997 Brooklyn OH 0 2
A possible fire or spark was produced by a buffing
machine(s), where it apparently got into the dust exhaust
system. Once this spark or fire got into the exhaust
system, it got into the baghouse, caused a small
explosion, whereupon the dust in the baghouse was
shaken loose and another much larger explosion
occurred, sending the force of the explosion and a
resultant fire back through the exhaust system. Two
employees were severely burned.
Metal dust Metal
electroplatin
g, plating,
polishing,
anodizing,
and coloring
buffing
machines, dust
exhaust system,
baghouse,
ductwork
3471 Fabricated metal products
GDC
#139
136 106475858 1997 4/16/1997 Moosic PA 2 0
Two employees were pushing a rail cart containing
approximately 1,000 lb of black powder from one building
to another when the powder deflagrated. Both employees
were killed and a nearby process building was destroyed.
black powder Explosives rail cart 2892 black powder
Process
building
destroyed
Pushing rail cart
between buildings
137 1997 5/16/1997 Vinita CA 0 1 Dust explosion Food Bakery 2051 311812
Extension
Light
< $50,000 Storage Silo
138 1997 5/18/1997 Richfield CA 0 6 Dust explosion Food Walnut Hulling 2099 311999 Fire Severe Silo
139 1997 6/17/1997 Information not cleared for public release Food Cereal Plant 2043 31123 Unknown Minor Hammer Mill
140 1997 7/30/1997 Cedar City UT 1 4
WEC is the utah operations of Las Vegas-based
American Pacific Corp. (PEPCON) At the time of the
accident, works may have been trying to clear a clogged
dust collector. Dust created during the process contains
some of the explosive material.
Ammonium
Perchlorate
Chemical
Outside the
batch dryer
building
Ammonium
Perchlorate Plant
chemical facility
Batch dryer
building
workers clearing a
clogged dust
collector
141 300026168 1997 9/12/1997 Kearny NJ 0 1
A maintenance mechanic was arc welding approximately
31 inches from a cardboard box that contained benzoyl
peroxide powder. The welding arc struck the box and the
powder flashed over. Employee suffered burns.
benzoyl
peroxide
Organic
oxidizer
welder
specialty
cleaning,
polishing, and
sanitation
preparations
2842 Chem manufact hot surface NA maintenance
142 102787959 1997 9/30/1997 Plainfield CT 0 3
Three employees were present when a fire in the
ventilation ducts mixed with combustion products from
burning nylon flock. There followed an explosion, and all
three workers were engulfed in a cloud of black sooty
smoke. All treated in hospital for smoke inhalation.
nylon flock Plastic
ventilation
ducts
finishers of
broadwoven
fabrics of
manmade fiber
and silk
2262 Textile products fire NA Production
143 1997 10/20/1997 Mankato MN 0 0 Dust explosion Food
Soybean
Processing
2075 311222 Fire Moderate
Dust
Collector
144 121903942 1997 11/24/1997 Holmesville OH 0 2
An explosion and fire occurred in the ductwork of the dust
collection system associated with the belting of the
aluminum alloy firehose couplings (which also contain
magnesium).
Aluminum
dust
Metal hardware
dust collection
system, ductwork
3492 Fabricated metal products
GDC
#127
Production
145 301310785 1997 12/18/1997 Information not cleared for public release
Aluminum
dust
Metal
thermal
aluminum
spray
coating guns
metal coating
and allied
services
3479 Fabricated metal products Unknown NA Production Spary coating
146 NA 1998 1/5/1998 Latrobe PA 0 0
Firefighters used dry chemicals and sand to put out a
particle dust fire, which was contained inside a dust
collector (round, about 10-ft in diameter and 15-ft tall).
Metal dust Metal
Dust
collection
system
steel
manufacturer
Primary metal industries Production
147 301929857 1998 3/24/1998 Lenoir NC 0 2
A fire started in a metal shell containing a suction
booster/blower and sparks were transferred through a
mating flange gasket into the dust collection system. An
alternate explanation for the incident is that the external
heat from the fire transferred to the internal surfaces of
the blower, thus sending sparks into the dust collection
system.
Wood dust Wood
Dust
collection
system;
mating
flange
gasket
wood/household
furniture
2511 Furniture & fixtures Fire NA Production Dust collection
148 NA 1998 3/27/1998 unknown NH 0 0
The fire started in an equipment when wiring grounded
out on conduit and spread into the attic in which there
was a layer of sawdust. The blaze went undetected until
the truss structural members collapsed.
Saw dust Wood
firearms
manufacturer
Fabricated metal products
$5.0
million
149 125674481 1998 4/11/1998 Oroville CA 0 1
Dust explosion occurred while employee was operating a
sander in a fiberboard area.
Wood dust Wood sander
softwood veneer
and plywood
2436 Lumber & wood products Unknown NA Production Sanding/grinding
150 NA 1998 4/13/1998 Wheeling IL 0 0
An explosion occurred in the facility's dust collecting
exhaust system (which sits outside the building) used to
gather rubber dust . Flames from the blast shot into the
building through a duct. The facilities 60 employees were
evacuated. Unknown initiating event.
Rubber dust Plastic
Dust
collection
system
Fabricated
Rubber Products
3069 Rubber & plastic products Unknown $100 K
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Inciden
t #
General Fuel
Category
Equipment
Involved
Ignition
Source
Property
Damage
Area of
Facility
Work Activity
151 122181779 1998 5/4/1998 Garland TX 1 1
Two employees of a steel recycling crew were removing
an overhead crane and beam hoisting assembly. One of
the employees was in a manlift (3' x 10' x 4.6') about 8
feet above the ground. He was standing on the lift above
a storage bin filled with highly combustible magnesium
shavings, when he momentarily lit the cutting torches.
Sparks from the torch ignited the shavings, which burned
in excess of 500 degrees F. Both employees were
burned, one fatally.
magnesium metal
manlift;
storage bin
scrap and waste
materials
5093
wholesale trade-durable
goods
hot surface NA Storage Cutting
152 1998 5/17/1998 Murfreesboro TN 0 2 Dust explosion Food Frozen Dough 2053 311813
Halogen
Lamp
< $50,000 Storage Bin
153 123935751 1998 7/1/1998 Stockton CA 0 1
Employee #1 as assisting a co-worker with trouble
shooting a grinder, and clean up of a sawdust build-up in
the said room. An explosion occurred in the baghouse
and continued to the grinder resulting in serious burns
injuries to the employee.
Wood dust Wood
baghouse,
grinder
Wood products 2499 Lumber & wood products Unknown NA Production Sanding/grinding
154 107091852 1998 7/1/1998 Cleveland MS 0 4
A flash fire occurred atop a suspended-grid-ceiling. The
existing support steel roof was being raised to
accommodate new (taller) injection molding equipment.
Hot welding slag fell from an I-beam being installed,
which ignited the dust that had previously settled on top
of the ceiling tile, starting a fire. An employee attempted
to put fire out with foot -- a flash fire resulted, consuming
the suspended dust particles.
Polyproylene
dust
Plastic
Injection
molding
manufacturer of
surgical and
medical
instruments
3841
medical
Hot surface NA Production Repair/modification
155 1998 7/7/1998 Wichita KS 0 1 Dust explosion Food Aircraft Plant 3721 336411
Electric
Sparks
Minor
Polishing
Room
156 125349571 1998 7/28/1998 Hammond IN 0 17
A coal dust explosion ignited at a Tripper, and
propogated throughout the coal handling areas. An
explosion and fire occurred on a coal fired electric
generating station. The cause of the incident may have
been due to coal dust and at the time of the incident an
outside contractor was vacuuming in the area where
possible ignition may have occurred.
Coal dust Coal
Tripper,
Vacuum
Electric Services 4911 Electric Services Unknown NA Production Coal processing
157 300756608 1998 8/10/1998 Cerritos CA 0 1
Employee observed excessive dust coming out of a
sander, indicating a problem with the dust collection
system. Employee went to inspect Bag house. Using a
wooden ladder to gain access to the top of the dust
collector frame, employee was about to shake air relief
bags when an explosion in the baghouse occurred.
Wood dust Wood
sander, dust
collection
system
manufacturer of
drapery
hardware, blinds
and shades
2591 Furniture & fixtures Unknown NA Production Sanding/grinding
158 1998 8/28/1998 Sugarland TX 0 1 Dust explosion Sugar dust Food Sugar Plant 2063 311313 NA Unknown NA
159 NA 1998 8/28/1998 ? TX 0 16
The fire started in the plant's manufacturing area when
polyurethane dust ignited and caused an explosion,
which was followed by a fire in the dust collector that
spread throughout the structure by way of the air
handling ducts.
Polyurethane
dust
Plastic
dust
collector; air
handling
ducts
sports equipment
manufacturer
industrial
Unknown
$5.0
million
Production Unknown
160 302148325 1998 10/12/1998 Information not cleared for public release Wood dust Wood Unknown
lumber/wood
products
2499 Lumber & wood products Fire NA Power Extinguising fire
161 NA 1999 2/1/1999 Dearborn MI 6 30
A blast occurred while 3 maintenance men were working
on the boiler. The blast could have occurred by pressure
building up inside the boiler or a spark that ignited gas or
coal-dust that fuels the massive machines.
Coal dust coal boiler Power plant 4911 Electric Services Flame Production Maintainence
162 300219672 1999 2/17/1999 Quincy IL 1 0
Employee was using an electric snader, creating
magnesium dust. The sander caught on fire, and the
employee dropped it onto the table, which was covered in
the dust. A flash fire occurred.
Magnesium
dust
Metal
Black &
Decker
electric
sander,
model 7441
(with 80 grit
sandpaper)
plating and
polishing
3471 Fabricated metal products Fire NA Production Sanding/grinding
163 300506060 1999 2/25/1999 Springfield MA 3 9
Over a period of time resin dust accumulated in the
ducting of various equipment. An oven burner ignited
either a gas-air mixture (following a temporary flame out)
or a dust cloud (shaking/striking of dust collection line flex
hose). This caused flame and a pressure wave to enter
the main dust collection network and the dust provided
fuel to propagate the explosion.
Phenol-
formaldehyde
resin dust
Plastic
Oven; dust
collection
system
Grey and duct
tile foundries
3321 Primary metal industries Fire GDC #99
164 302320593 1999 4/5/1999 Scottsboro AL 1 1
A flash fire occurred during the processing of a military
grade aluminum powder. The powder was being
mannually dumped into a bucket elevator and a shovel
was in use to break up the lumps. The shovel lodged in
the elevator and caused the elevator to choke; as dust
levels built up, ignition occurred.
Aluminum
dust
Metal
bucket
elevator and
shovel
nonferrous
metals
3341 Primary metal industries Unknown NA Production Loading/Unloading
165 300664950 1999 4/24/1999 Stuart VA 0 4
Four employees were working near the out-feed conveyor
at a silo when there was an explosion and fire in the silo.
They sustained burns to the arms, face, and back, for
which they were hospitalized.
Wood dust Wood Silo
reconstituted
wood products
2493 Lumber & wood products Unknown NA Storage Loading/unloading
166 302799549 1999 8/12/1999 Information not cleared for public release Chlorate dust Inorganic
Dust
collection
system
Chemical
preparations
facility
2899
Chem manufact -
products
Unknown NA
167 1999 8/16/1999 Information not cleared for public release Coal dust Coal Power plant Electric Services Production Crushing
168 1999 9/22/1999 Bethlehem NJ 0 2
This was the second fiery blast in the plastic-processing
factory in two months. A spark or malfunction in a
machine that grinds plastic into pellets caused the blast.
The august 3rd incident also involved a similar cause: A
spark ignited plastic dust that had been left over after
processing.
plastic dust plastic
machine that
grinds plastic
pellets
Plastic
manufacturing
Manufacturing
spark or
malfunction
169 302312988 1999 10/3/1999 Olathe CO 1 0
Fires that originated on the press provided ignition
sources for the combustible wood dust and other
combustible process residues (which had accumulated in
the upper levels of the press enclosure), thus causing an
explosion.
Wood dust Wood wood press
manufacture of
reconstituted
wood products
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Inciden
t #
General Fuel
Category
Equipment
Involved
Ignition
Source
Property
Damage
Area of
Facility
Work Activity
170 1999 10/4/1999 Natchez MS 0 1
An unknown ignition source ignited a cloud of rubber dust
that formed when a rubber mixer machine malfunctioned
Rubber dust Plastic
Rubber
mixer
machine
Tire
manufacturer
Manufacturing Unknown
Rubber
mixer
machine
room
171 1999 Albany NY 0 0
"A dust-collector fines fire at the Albany Casting Plant
was caused by housekeeping and a bad dust collector at
a cost of $250,000. No injuries" (Poulson, JOM, p. 15)
Metal
172 1999 Albany OR 0 0
"A fines fire at Gemeni, a powder processing plant in
Albany, Oregon, was caused by sdtatic electricity from a
bad electrical motor. There were excessive amounts of
powder stored in the area. The cost was $450,000; the
company went out of business. No injuries" (Poulson,
JOM, p. 15)
Metal
173 2000 1/22/2000 Clovis NM 0 3 Dust explosion Food Feed Warehouse 2048
Welding/Cutti
ng
Moderate
Bucket
Elevator
174 303203764 2000 2/3/2000 West Plains MO 1 0
A fire occurred in the charcoal storage area. When the
fire was believed to be out, an employee attempted to
lower an overhead door. A flash fire occurred due to
smoldering dust that was released into the air when the
door was lowered.
Charcoal dust Wood
Charcoal
storage area
gum and wood
chemicals
2861
organic chemicals
Fire NA
175 300714607 2000 2/3/2000 Fort Wayne IN 1 0
Employee was grinding magnesium parts on a type N
Roto Clone grinding machine, when light fixtures fell from
the ceilings, causing a spark that ignited the magnesium
dust in the air and on the grinding machine.
Magnesium
dust
Metal
Grinding
machine
foundry
(magnesium and
aluminum)
3369 Primary metal industries Hot surface NA
176 125593913 2000 3/7/2000 Kelseyville CA 0 1
Employee was using vacuum system to extract metal
discs from chemical reaction chamber at steam-powered
electrical generation plant. Explosion occurred in the
reaction chamber. Explosion caused by ignition of finely
divided metal particles; ignition source probably a static
spark -- system was not grounded or bonded.
Metal dust Metal
Stretford
style
chemical
reactor, used
to clean
steam and
reduce SO2
electrical
generation plant
4911 Electric Services Static
Aluminum
dust
Metal
Grinding
machine,-
dust
collection
system
metal fabrication
and welding shop
3441 Fabricated metal products Metal strike
178 2000 3/22/2000 Yonkers NY 0 1 Dust explosion Food
Sugar
Processing
2062 311312 Unknown Minor Unknown
179 2000 3/23/2000 Surgoinsville TN 0 1 Dust explosion Food
Fiber Procssing
Plant
Fire Moderate
Grinding
Room
180 120307749 2000 3/24/2000 Information not cleared for public release Metal dust Metal
Bader
polisher,
dust-
collection
hopper
machining of
metal tubes
3356 Primary metal industries Metal strike NA
181 300800166 2000 4/4/2000 Information not cleared for public release Saw dust Wood chop saw
Metal caoting
allied services
3479 Fabricated metal products Metal strike NA
182 2000 5/4/2000 Information not cleared for public release Food Food Ingredient 2099 311991 Unknown Moderate Unknown
calcium
stearate,
sterate acid,
paraloid K175
modifier
Plastic
mixer, series
of screw
conveyors,
metal silos
plastics products 3089 Rubber & plastic products Unknown NA
184 303648497 2000 7/5/2000 Elkton MD 0 1
Employee was working on a reported defective
pneumatic roof mounted conveyor system motor. The
motor was reported as running rough and, while being
examined, tripped the heater in the electrical starter. The
employee then went inside the electrical room to
manually shut off the standard duty disconnect switch. As
he did this, a flash/explosion occurred, which proceeded
to a portion of the surrounding electricals. The electrical
room was covered in a fine cork dust (inadequate
housekeeping).
Cork dust Wood
pneumatic
roof
mounted
conveyor
system
motor (Nu
Vac);
standard
duty
disconnect
switch
Wood products 2499 Lumber & wood products Unknown NA
185 303483986 2000 8/17/2000 Middlefield OH 0 1
A bearing froze up in the motor of a blade in a mixing
vessel, causing a dust explosion.
Benzene
sulfonylhydra
zide dust
Plastic
mixing
vessel
Chemical
preparations
facility
2899
Chem manufact -
products
Hot surface NA
186 304063720 2000 10/25/2000 Millersburg OR 0 4
A dust explosion was the likely cause of a fire. The fire
was located in an area where particleboard is pressed
into solid sheets. The particles used in the process are
very fine and can explosde when they are exposed to
heat. After firefighters put out the fire, they remained
extinguishing hot spots throughout the plant. Then a
second dust explosion occurred (three hours after the
first). No one was injured in the second fire.
Wood dust Wood
particle board
manufacturer
Lumber & wood products Production
Plastic (toner)
dust
Plastic
Dust
collection
system
Plastics materials
and basic shapes
5162 Rubber & plastic products Unknown NA
188 302541180 2001 1/10/2001 Information not cleared for public release Wood dust Wood storage silo Burial caskets 3995 Lumber & wood products Metal strike NA
189 2001 1/31/2001 Atchison KS 0 0 Dust explosion Food
Packaging
Warehouse
31122
Static
Electricity
Moderate Sifter
190 303705198 2001 2/14/2001 Information not cleared for public release Wood dust Wood Unknown
Reconstituted
Wood Products
2493 Lumber & wood products Unknown NA Production Unknown
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Inciden
t #
General Fuel
Category
Equipment
Involved
Ignition
Source
Property
Damage
Area of
Facility
Work Activity
191 304331424 2001 3/14/2001 Easton MD 1 0
After mixing ingredients for a "flare ignition compound"
(for use on road flares), an employee began cleaning the
filing production area, dry mix room, and wet mix room.
An explosion occurred in the outside dust collector. The
collector contained airborne fines generated during both
dry and wet mixing of the flare ignition compound. The
fines contained varying amounts of Potassium Chlorate
and Per chlorate with various dry fuel compounds.
Potassium
chlorate/per
chlorate dust
Inorganic
Dust
collection
system
Chemical
preparations
facility
2899
Chem manufact -
products
Unknown NA
192 304084361 2001 5/19/2001 Chicago IL 1 1
Workers were investigating alarms sounding on a cocoa
bean roasting machine when the roaster exploded. The
blast blew out the north-west wall of the facility.
Cocoa dust Food Oven Chocolate factory Food products Production Inspection
193 2001 5/25/2001 Gaylord MI 0
9 in first
explosion;
6 in
second
explosion
Two separate, serious Incidents at particle board plant.
A second explosion occured the next day as fire fighters
were trying to exinguish the first fire. The fire had spread
to a silo containing wood chips 20 to 30 feet deep. When
firefighters opened the silo to pour water on the flames,
the sudden infusion of oxygen casued the second blast.
One firefighter suffered first and second- degree burns,
and five others were treated for smoke inhalation and
minor injuries.
wood chips
and dust
Wood Silo
particle board
manufacturer
2493 Wood products Wood Chips Silo
Second explosion:
fire extinquishing
194 304398209 2001 8/29/2001 Information not cleared for public release Coal dust Coal electric services 4911 Electric Services
195 2001 9/8/2001 Information not cleared for public release Food Cereal Plant 2043 31123 Sparks Moderate
Dust
Collector
196 2001 9/21/2001 Wayland MI 0 2 Dust explosion Food Milk Processor 2023 311514 Fire Minor Dryer
197 304052814 2001 10/3/2001 Information not cleared for public release Zinc dust Metal
Mechanical
mixer
Chemical
preparations
facility
2899
Chem manufact -
products
Unknown NA Production Blending
198
304649411
(304649346)
2001 10/15/2001 Las Vegas NV 1 3
A fire occurred at a rocket propellant/motor
manufacturing plant. Four employees were admitted to
hospital for varying degrees of burn injuries. To date, of
those four employees, two have been released, one is
still in crtical condition, and one has died due to thermal
burns he sustained from the explosion/fire. Interviews of
workers in the single use area stated the fire had started
in the slot machine. The reported cause: a metal brush
was placed against a metal carbide saw blade. Also, the
table which the saw was attached was a ferrous metal.
The saw was accidentally turned on starting up the slot
machine and causing a spark at the inlet pipe to the
vacuum cleaner. Propellant dust with ammonium
perchlorate was at the saw blade, in the vacuum cleaner
duct and/or storage receptable.
Propellant
dust with
ammonium
perchlorate
Inorganic
Saw,
vacuum
cleaner
rocket
propellant/motor
manufacturing
plant
3999
Propellants & explosive
manufacturing
Spark Production Cutting
Aluminum
dust
Metal dust collector metal fabrication 3471 Fabricated metal products Production Sanding/grinding
200 127198430 2002 1/16/2002 Marquette MI 1 0
A coal-fired boiler was being brought on-line. The coal
feeding system had not been purged properly. An
excessive amout of coal dust left in the system ignited,
causing an explosion.
Coal dust Coal
coal-fired
boiler, coal
feeding
system
Electric Services 4911 Electric Services Fire NA
201 NA 2002 1/23/2002 Nebraska City NE 0 13
A fire and explosion injuries 13 firefighters. The fire,
which lasted three days, occurred in four old bins
(previously used for grain storage) that contained "crumb
rubber". The company shreds old tires, deep-freezes the
chips and shatters them into fine pieces. The resulting
product is used on playgrounds and in rubberized asphalt
and athletic fields. The southeast bin blew (exploded)
about 11 hours into the fire. Just before the blast, a
loader had started removing tire chips from the bins while
firefighters were dousing the outside of the bin with
water. Firefighters turned off the water and started
spraying liquid nitrogen inside the bins to displace the
oxygen (nitrogen is used in the product's freezing
process).
Rubber dust Plastic Tire bin Tire recycling Rubber & plastic products
202 2002 2/11/2002 Information not cleared for public release Plastic
203 303815872 2002 2/13/2002 Information not cleared for public release Coal dust Coal hopper Electric services 4911 Electric Services Hot surface NA
204 2002 4/14/2002 Saylor Township IA 0 4
Four workers at a manufacturing plant just north of the
city were recovering Sunday after being injured in an
explosion triggered by dust. The blast happened
Saturday morning at Dee Zee Manufacturing.
205 304314172 2002 5/16/2002 Vicksburg MS 5 7
Rubber dust explosion and fire after dust in Bagging Bin
was ignited. The bin and the reversible screw conveyor
suffered mechanical failure, allowing pressure waves and
hot gases to exit the bin. Atmospheric dust ignited, and
fire spread quickly through duct work and the rest of the
plant, causing further fires and explosion.
Rubber dust Plastic
Dust
collection
system,
reversible
screw
conveyor
Fabricated
rubber products
3069 Rubber & plastic products Hot surface NA
206 2002 5/26/2002 Moonachie NJ 0 0 Dust collector fire and explosion Coeffe Food
207 2002 6/6/2002 Hempfield PA 0 3
A spark from a nearby machine apparently got into a
dust collector, setting fire to cobalt and tungsten dust that
was being collected to be recycled.
cobalt and
tungsten dust
Metal
208 2002 6/10/2002 Fletcher NC 0 0
About 375 employees were evacuated from the furniture
manufacturing plant after a fire broke out in a dust
collection silo.
Wood
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Inciden
t #
General Fuel
Category
Equipment
Involved
Ignition
Source
Property
Damage
Area of
Facility
Work Activity
209 2002 7/19/2002 Rock Hill SC 0 0
A fire that started Friday evening on a conveyor belt
moved into two of the plant's four silos, spurring the
evacuation of about 30 employees. At about 6 p.m.,
plant employees heard an explosion that sounded like a
loud pop. The fire, which likely started when a spark
ignited dust on the conveyor system, moved into the two
silos nearby. No one was injured in the fire, and only
three employees were near the silos when the fire
started. Plant manufactures acetate flake, a raw material
used to produce acetate filament and acetate filter tow.
acetate flake Plastic
210 2002 8/8/2002 Millersburg OR 1 3 Dust explosion Food Pelleting Plant 2048 311119 Unknown Severe Unknown
211 304315435 2002 8/8/2002 Clarksdale MS 1 0
A flexible electrical cable used with a cotton compress
conveyor was accidently kicked by an employee; a spark
resulted, igniting loose cotton dust around the conveyor,
which spread to the bales of cotton and reached the
ceiling of the warehouse.
Cotton dust Textile
cotton
compress
conveyor
Farm product
warehousing and
storage
4221 Packaging & storage Unknown NA
212 305600983 2002 8/25/2002 Sevierville TN 1 0
Explosion originated from inside a dry-cloth baghouse.
Mechanical agitation and/or a static discharge appear to
be the likely caused a spark that ignited the dust.
Aluminum
dust
Metal baghouse
Industrial
Inorganic
Chemicals
2819
inorganic chemicals
Static NA
213 2002 9/3/2002 Cartersville GA 0 0
The fire began when a worker switched on a breaker
generating a spark that ignited a powder stored and
processed in the building. The powder, stored in bags, is
processed at the building into a slurry that is used in
making paper. The slurry is then sold to companies who
use it as a catalyst in making paper. The fire started in
the control center and ignited several bags of the powder.
214 2002 9/5/2002 Austin MN 1 4 Dust explosion Food Food products
215 2002 9/20/2002 Atchison KS 0 0 Dust explosion Food Distillery 2085 31214
Static
Electricity
Minor Storage Bin
216 2002 11/18/2002 New London (Stanly County) NC 0 3
Three men were severely burned in a freak explosion just
as they were finishing a welding job in a silo. The three
had been welding a metal chute for about an hour and a
half inside one of eight silos at Fiber Composite Corp.,
which makes wood composite for decks and rails.
Wood dust &
polyethylene
Wood & plastic
217 305919896 2002 12/26/2002 Linden AL 1 0
A flash fire occurred inside a sawmill's fuel house when
an employee was cutting pipe. A piece of pipe fell and hit
a brace, causing a spark, which ignited the saw dust
inside the pipe.
Saw dust Wood
Saw mills and
planning mills
2421 Lumber & wood products Metal strike NA
218 2002 12/27/2002 Pella IO 0 0
A wood dust explosion started a fire that damaged a
warehouse and several semitrailers Friday afternoon.
Most of the fire was quickly extinguished and no injuries
were reported, police said. The explosion at the
company which distributes sawdust and wood shavings
was apparently caused by wood dust but the ignition
source could not immediately be identified, police said.
Wood
219 2002 12/27/2002 Information not cleared for public release
Aluminum
dust
Metal
220 2002 TN 0 0
Deflagration inside of a Dust Collector-Grafted Rubber
Compound (GRC): Primary filter overpressured-
deflagration. No external secondary explosion.
Secondary explosion in an interconnected out-of-service
dust collector with dust-filled filter elements.
Circumstances leading to the incident: smoldering
degraded GRC was sucked into a primary filter in a
ventilation system. The dust collector explosion caused a
secondary explosion in an out of service dust collector
because the ventilation system was connected to the
dust collector exhaust stack and also still contained dust
filled filter elements. A reletively high GRC content
product (36%) was recently introduced to the process.
MOC process less than adequate. Circumstances limiting
the impact of the incident: Dust collection equipment
located outdoors in an unoccupied area, limiting
exposure to personnel and potential for secondary
explosion.
Paints
Dust
Collector-
Grafted
Rubber
Compound
Paint
Manufacturing
Paint products dust
Dust
Collector
221 2003 1/14/2003 Twinsburg Twp OH 0 0
An explosion in a dust collector at Commercial Alloy
Sales on Highland Road ignited a fire about 5:20 p.m.
Tuesday.
No major injuries were reported, and a damage estimate
was not available Tuesday night.
The Twinsburg Fire Department reported the explosion
came from duct work in the building and from the dust
collector unit outside the building. The dust collector was
blown apart, with heavy fire and flames coming from the
unit, according to the Fire Department.
Aluminum
dust
222 NA 2003 1/21/2003 Peoria IL 0 1
A fire started on the floor of a sandblasting booth, which
was littered with plastic granules, the byproduct of
sandblasting magnesium wheels. Initiating event
unknown. Fine grains of plastic lying on the floor of the
business likely was the fuel source.
Plastic dust Plastic
Sandblasting
booth
Industrial
cleaning/sandbla
sting
Automotive services Unknown $2.5 mil
Machinery
room
10/19/2014 248086236.xls.ms_office
Inciden
t #
General Fuel
Category
Equipment
Involved
Ignition
Source
Property
Damage
Area of
Facility
Work Activity
223 2003 1/23/2003 Scott County MO 0 0
According to firefighters, the blaze started shortly before
two o'clock Thursday afternoon inside two silos at that
makes wood laminate flooring. There were several small
explosions when the fire broke out, which could have
been the sound of the sawdust igniting from a nearby
boiler room spark.
Saw dust Wood
224 306139189 2003 1/29/2003 Kinston NC 6 38
Explosion and fire destroyed a rubber compounding
facility, causing six deaths, dozens of injuries, and
hundreds of job losses. The facility produced rubber
stoppers and other products for medical use. The fuel for
the explosion was a fine plastic powder, which
accumulated above a suspended ceiling over a
manufacturing area at the plant and ignited
Polyethylene
dust
Plastic
Milling
equipment
Mechanical
rubber goods
3061 Rubber & plastic products
225 2003 2/10/2003 Rothschild WI 0 0
A coal dust explosion Monday forced plant to shut down
one of its electrical generators
Coal dust Coal
226 2003 2/14/2003 Hickory NC 0 2
An explosion Thursday at a furniture manufacturing plant
started a fire in the filtering system for wood waste,
damaging the system but seriously injuring no one. The
explosion happened inside a baghouse. Company
officials believe a spark in the filtering system ignited
wood dust and air inside the baghouse. But they didn't
know what caused the spark. The most likely cause: Part
of a nail, screw or other piece of metal in the wood debris
hit the blade of a fan used to draw particles through the
system.
Wood dust Wood
227 305910440 2003 2/20/2003 Corbin KY 7 37
phenolic resin dust became suspended in air during
cleaning activities. This dust either entered a curing oven,
or flames extended outside of the oven door -- the dust
was ignited, causing an explosion and several additional
secondary explosions.
Phenol-
formaldehyde
resin dust
Plastic Oven 3714 Rubber & plastic products Production Cleaning
228 2003 2/25/2003 Nashville TN 0 0
The fire started in a sawdust chopper. The sawdust is
sucked into a hopper, sort of a silo that holds the dust
until it's transported somewhere else. Firefighters say
they are called to the plant two or three times a year
when the sawdust spontaneously combusts
Saw dust Wood
229 2003 2/25/2003 Johnson TN 0 0
An explosion in a sawdust bin in a flooring plant; no
injuries or serious damage. The spark was probably
caused by a metal fragment or nail striking the
machinery.
Saw dust Wood
230 2003 3/7/2003 Information not cleared for public release Saw dust Wood
231 2003 3/12/2003 Beaverton PA 0 0
Fire broke out in a dust collection building and was
quickly extinguished before it could spread to the main
factory.
Wood dust Wood
232 2003 3/14/2003 Blendon Township MI 0 0
A fire at a steel polishing plant destroyed the building and
its contents after dust in a machine sparked flames that
couldn't be knocked down by employees. The fire
investigation points the source of the flames to a
polishing and buffing machine that turns raw metal into
polished steel plates, the fire chief said.
Metal dust Metal
233 112990387 2003 3/17/2003 Hanover PA 0 0
A fire originated in a dust collection system and ignited a
metal dust bin and several filters. The dust collector
vacuums dust away from the stations where workers
were polishing metal parts for motorcycles.
Metal dust Metal
Dust
collection
system
metal polishing
and grinding
3471 Fabricated metal products Production Polishing
234 2003 4/9/2003 Richmond IN 0 0
Dust collector fire.
No one was injured. The water was pouring out the
bottom of the rooftop collector and swirling down a drain
in the middle of the plant's parking lot.
There were no visible flames, but there was smoke in the
area. The dust collector is on the roof at the rear of the
factory.
No injuries. $100,000 estimated damage.
Saw dust Wood
235 2003 4/26/2003 Information not cleared for public release
236 304295819 2003 5/20/2003 Erlanger KY 1 3
An employee was in the plant silo room, where candy
ingredients are stored, when the explosion occurred. The
silo contained maltodextrin, a highly combustible grain-
like substance that likely caused the explosion.
maltodextrin
dust
Food silo
candy
manufacturer
2064 Food products Storage
237 120146766 2003 5/23/2003 Rocklin CA 0 2
Dust explosion burns employees. (no other information
description given)
Wood dust Wood 2431 Furniture & fixtures
238 2003 5/30/2003 Muscatine IA 0 1 Coal dust fire at electrical power generating facility. Coal dust Coal
239 305890477 2003 7/9/2003 Champaign IL 1 1
Two employees were using a torch to remove
components of a dust collector. A small, smoldering fire
started and one of the employees, using a Halon fire
extinguisher, extinguished the fire. While extinguishing
the fire, aluminum dust was dispersed into the air,
causing an explosion. Both employees were injured in the
blast and taken to the burn unit. One of the employees
died from the injuries sustained in the blast. The other
employee remains in critical condition.
Aluminum
dust
Metal torch 1795 Fabricated metal products Flame Production
240 306082926 2003 7/22/2003 Columbia SC 0 0 Dust explosion
dust mixture
of
polyethylene
Plastic grinder
pharmaceutical
preparations
2834
Chem Manufact -
241 2003 7/22/2003 Columbia SC 0 7
A dust explosion occurred on July 22, 2003, at a
pharmaceutical packaging company where sever
workers were injured in an explosion in a warehouse after
dust from plastics ignited. One employee was treated for
burns, and the others suffered minor injuries.
242 2003 7/30/2003 Rapid City SD 0 0
The fire broke out in a dust-containment system at the
plant and was limited to that area.
Metal dust Metal
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Inciden
t #
General Fuel
Category
Equipment
Involved
Ignition
Source
Property
Damage
Area of
Facility
Work Activity
243 2003 8/11/2003 Millersburg OR 0 1
A worker was injured Monday in an explosion and fire at
a factory after the dust from wood flour, which is used as
filler in plastics and glue, ignited and exploded. One
worker was transported to the hospital, but the extent of
that person's injuries was not immediately known.
Wood Wood
244 2003 8/26/2003 Four Oaks NC 0 0 Dust explosion Food Food Processor 2099 311991 Moderate
245 2003 9/2/2003 Lowell MA 0 1 Suspected dust ignited in a motor. Saw dust Wood Unknown
reconstituted
wood products
Lumber and wood products unknown
Loading
dock
246 2003 9/5/2003 Dayton OH 0 0
A fire started after changes were made to a dust
collecting unit in a factory which caused a spark and
ignited the fire. Less than 12 employees were in the
building at the time of the fire even though more than 90
people work for the company between two factories.
Dust and particles from manufacture of fiberglass/plastic
composite for motor vehicle suspension leaf springs.
Damage was confined to the air handling system.
Welding was going on at the time and is the probable
ignition source. The business has now gone to a water
wash system for safety.
Plastic dust Plastic
248 2003 10/2/2003 Marietta GA 0 0
Fire likely caused by workers using acetylene torches to
cut metal. A piece of molten metal was sucked up into the
dust collection system at rubber products facility.
Company staff noticed the fire when it was on the roof of
the building and all were able to get out safely. There
were several explosions at the scene, most likely caused
by super-heated propane tanks. Damage to the building
is estimated at $500,000. Nobody was injured.
249 2003 10/22/2003 Rubbertown KY 0 0
A synthetic powdered rubber, used to make items like
brake pads, caught fire in a piece of equipment called a
dryer. A company spokesman said the two workers who
operate the dryer were able to shut it down and escaped
unharmed. A group of maintenance workers also was
near where the fire began, but they were evacuated
without suffering any injuries. A similar problem took
place several years ago, and safety measures put into
place then likely helped keep damage minimal in
Thursday's incident.
Rubber dust Plastic
250 306860461 2003 10/29/2003 Huntington IN 1 2
A major explosion and fire near a smelting furnace that
killed one employee and severely burned another. 5
others were transported to emergency care facilities and
released after treatmen. At about 3:00 P M a fire was
reported in the number 5 furnace chip melt side well
exhaust duct. The maintenance department was sent to
evaluated the fire and shut the exhaust ventilation system
down to allow the fire in the pipe to self extinguish as this
was the plant policy for aluminum dust fires in the pipe.
About 8:10 or 8:15 the employees started the system up
after the pipe had cooled and been cleaned out by the
employees. Employees cleaned the ash out of the pipe
started multiclone blower and checked for proper
operation; turned on the dry chip blower #3; then the
auger checked multiclone for proper operation; they were
starting to leave when a big flash came out of the well
where the chips feed in this moved the dust off of the
ceiling & ignited it causing a ball of fire to move through
the room it also destroyed equipment outside the building
& started many small fires inside the building in that area.
Aluminum
dust
Metal
multi-cone
pipe, multi-
cone blower,
dry chip
blower
252 2004 1/12/2004 Clinton IA 0 0 Dust explosion Food Wet Corn Milling 2046 311221 Minor
253 2004 1/15/2004 Wilbur OR 0 2
Fire in the bag house at a marine plant was quickly
extinguished. Investigators believe the company's dust
collection system picked up a large chunk of material,
producing a spark that exploded in the bag house where
the dust is routed. The explosion blew the hatch open
and produced a small fire. The plant does mill work,
sanding for boat parts. Spark went into Hvac system and
started smoldering fire. It was labor intensive to put it out.
They had to remove 31 filters because all started burning.
Little flame, no explosion. This was not the first incident--
hopper was getting insufficient for their production levels.
Sawdust.
Saw dust Wood
254 NA 2004 2/11/2004 Omaha NE 0 0
A spark from a cutting device inside the building ignited
sawdust. The explosion blew off the pipes and ripped
open the top of the metal collector.
Saw dust Wood
cutting
device, dust
collector
store fixtures
manufacturer
Furniture & fixtures Spark Production Cutting
255 NA 2004 2/12/2004 Lockport IL 0 0
A fire erupted in a steel storage bunker holding coal.
There have been three bunker fires at the plant in the
past year.
Coal dust Coal
steel storage
bunker
power plant Electric Services
256 2004 2/16/2004 Red Rock OK 0 0
Explosion and flash fire resulted in the coal handling
system of the plant. Coal dust was the source of the fire.
Coal dust Coal
Coal
handling
system
Power plant Power generation Unknown
257 2004 2/19/2004 Archbold OH 0 3
Hot embers from a metal strike entered the dust
collection system which ignited sawdust and wood
shavings.
Wood dust Wood
Dust
collection
system
Woodworking
Company
Manfacturing
Metal to
metal strike
10/19/2014 248086236.xls.ms_office
Inciden
t #
General Fuel
Category
Equipment
Involved
Ignition
Source
Property
Damage
Area of
Facility
Work Activity
258 2004 2/23/2004 Auburn Hills MI 0 0
A furnace in the foundry malufunctioned. It sent
excessive heat to the system of overhead vent ducts that
serve as a large vacuum cleaner, sucking up dust and
airborne metal shavings. The excessive heat ignited the
metal dust in the system and resulting flash fire spread to
the bag house on the roof of the facility.
metal
Dust
collection
system
foundry Manufacturing
Excessive
heat
Production None
259 2004 3/16/2004 Trumann AR 0 0
A saw motor exploded, an electrical short was suspected.
The sparks were seen going up to the dust collector. An
explosion occurred shortly after.
Wood dust Wood
panel saw,
dust collector
hardwood veneer
and plywood
2435 Lumber & wood products NA
260 2004 3/16/2004 Oklahoma City OK 0 0
Rubber particulates in a dust collector ignited from sparks
produced when motor fan malfuntioned.
Rubber dust Plastic
Dust
collector
Tire
manufacturing
plant
Spark
Dust
Collection
261 2004 3/17/2004 Raymond WA 0 2
Two workers were hospitalized after being injured in a
fire at a lumber mill.
The fire started in a shavings bin where small pieces of
lumber are mixed with bark to make boiler fuel. As fire
crews tried to put on the blaze, an explosion occurred,
shooting out of the side of the shavings bin and rattling
the entire town. Fire was in silo that stores planar
shavings. Materials involved were hemlock shavings and
sawdust.
Saw dust Wood
262 2004 4/6/2004 Atchinson KS 0 0 Dust explosion Food
Packaging
Warehouse
31122 Moderate
263 2004 4/7/2004 Wood River IL 0 0
A mix of coal dust and welding heat caused a fire aboard
a barge unloading facility at a power station. The fire
started with an explosion at an excavator crane; several
employees were doing preventative maintenance welding
to the crane just moments before the fire started. The fire
then progressed up into the engine compartment and into
the cabin.
Coal dust Coal
excavator
crane,
welding
equipment
power plant 4911 Electric Services Unknown NA
264 2004 4/8/2004 Hertford County NC 0 1 Dust explosion Food Food
266 306738162 2004 5/16/2004 Belvidere NJ 0 0
Vitamin Plant - Fire broke out in a dust collector used to
trap materials from one of the company's manufacturing
processes. The dust collector, installed in January, has
about 70 to 80 dust bags hanging inside.
Vitamin dust Pharmaceutical dust collector
Industrial
Inorganic
Chemicals
2819
Chem Manufact -
unknown NA
267 308031830 2004 6/10/2004 Hudson NC 0 3
A 55-gallon drum of lacquer dust (a by-product of
furniture finishing) exploded (flash fire). The fire set off
explosions in 50 other drums, shooting a fireball and
smoke more than 100 ft high and forcing about 120
people to evacuate the area for most of the day. The
lacquer dust may have been contaminated by vapors
from evaporating liquid lacquer or some other "self-
heating contaminant".
Lacquer dust Plastic drums 7389
Chem manufact -
products
Storage Unknown
268 2004 6/25/2004 West Bend WI 0 4
Employees smelled smoke coming from the air scrubber
machine. The air scrubber collects and directs filings and
air from several polishing or buffing stations. As the
equipment was turned on, air was introduced to a
possible somldering fire contained to the duct work. An
explosion occurred. A coffee urn buffing machine is
suspected to have send sparks into duct work and dust
collector to initiate the incident
Aluminum
dust
Metal
Buffing
machine, Air
scrubber,
duct work
manufacturing
plant
Fabricated metal products Spark Production Buffing/ploishing
269 2004 7/6/2004 Pampa TX 1 2
The company manufacturers oilfield equipment. An
explosion and flash fire occurred in a processing area
where igniter material is mixed. The mixing process is for
the manufacturing of igniters for oildfield setting tools
used to set oil well plugs. The incident ocurred as
employees were grinding magnesium powder and
potassium perchlorate.
Magnesium
dust
Metal Grinding
manufacturing
plant
unknown $150,000 Production Grinding
270 2004 7/20/2004 Bridgeport CT 0 2
A company employee was using a rubber grinding
machine when a spark ignited dust. The machine became
engulfed in flames and spread to overhead duct work that
had not been cleaned for some time.
Rubber dust Plastic
grinding
machine
rubber factory unknown Rubber & plastic products Metal strike NA
271 2004 9/14/2004 New Washington OH 0 1
An explosion occurred when a powder coating gun
ignited at the plant. Four people were in the building at
the time. The only injury was to a worker who got the hair
on his arm singed. The filtering system had extensive
damage.
Metal dust Metal
Steel Pipe and
Tubes
272 2004 9/16/2004 Santa Clara CA 0 0 A fire began in the ventilation ducts of the paper plant. Wood dust Wood ducts
Folding
Paperboard
Boxes
2657 Paper products
273 2004 9/18/2004 Ayer MA 1 16
Dust sparked a fire in the baghouse. The baghouse has a
large vat at the top of it, where residue from the tofu
product is pumped, then heated to disintegrate to dust,
which is blown into filters, from which the finished residue
product is bagged to be hauled away. Apparently in the
filter process, the dust sparked causing the fire.
Tofu dust Food baghouse
tofu
manufacturer
Food products Unknown NA
274 2004 9/23/2004 Lincoln IL 0 0
A hot bearing in the motor of a dust collection system
locked up and shot a spark through about 80 feet of duct,
triggering a minor dust explosion.
Wood dust Wood
dust
collection
system
Wood Office and
Store Fixtures,
Partitions,
Shelving, and
Lockers
2541 Furniture & fixtures Metal strike $5,000
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Inciden
t #
General Fuel
Category
Equipment
Involved
Ignition
Source
Property
Damage
Area of
Facility
Work Activity
275 2004 9/28/2004 Pekin IL 0 0
Firefighters extinguished a fire earlier this week at a
power plant in Pekin in about one hour.Crews from both
Pekin and Peoria were called to Midwest Generation's
Powerton plant at 9:45 a.m. Tuesday. Company
spokesman Charlie Parnell said the fire started on the
fifth floor in what is called the crusher room, where coal is
pulverized into a powder and some of the coal
combusted, WEEK-TV reported.Parnell said no one was
injured in the fire and there were no interruptions in
service.
Coal dust Coal
276 2004 10/12/2004 Bremen IN 0 0
Fire began in dust collector but remained confined to
ductwork. The dust collector gathers dust created as the
foam insulation is readied for shipment, removing it from
the production area.
Plastic dust Plastic dust collector
foam insulation
manufacturer
unknown Rubber & plastic products Unknown NA
277 2004 11/23/2004 Marseilles Il 0 0
ABS resin plastic dust burned in dust collector. On site
team had taken care of knock-down. FD finished off dust
collector. Estimated $250,000 damages.
Platic resin Plastic
278 NA 2004 12/3/2004 Leipsic OH 0 1
The day before the incident, firefighters worked to clear
smoldering cellulose from a silo at the plant. It is believed
that an ember remained in some machinery overnight
and eventually caused a flash dust explosion at the plant
Friday afternoon. One firefighter was injured.
Cellulose dust Wood silo
pet food
manufacturer
Food products Hot surface Storage Inspection
279 2004 12/8/2004 Salisbury MD 0 0
A hot spark from a wood cutting machine is thought to be
the cause of a two-alarm fire at a boat manufacturing
plant on Wednesday.. -The Daily times ---------- Fire was
located inside wood chip and dust evacuation system.
System consisted of ducts leading to a large silo on the
exterior of the building. Fire was located approximately
40 feet inside the building from the silo. Fire had
extended from there into the silo. -NFIRS-1 Report -------
A spark set sawdust particles on fire at a boat
manufacturing plant -Fire World
Saw dust Wood
280 2005 2/25/2005 Mayfield KY 0 2
An unknown ignition source ignited a rubber dust cloud
that formed in the compounding room and spread into the
dust collection system
Rubber dust Plastic
Rubber
mixer
machine
Tire Manfacturer Manufacturing Unknown
Rubber
compoundin
g room
Mixing
281 2005 3/22/2005 Wilbur OR 0 0 A bag house used for dust collection caught fire. bag house bag house
282 2005 5/3/2005 San Fernando CA 0 2
Dust exploded in a flash fire at a vitamin manufacturing
plant burning two people. More than 50 workers were
evacuated. A spark ignited the vitamin cloud.
Vitamin dust Pharmaceutical
pharmaceutical
manufacturing
Manufacturing spark
vitamin
powder
packaging
area
283 2005 6/1/2005 Des Moines IA 0 1
Employees were cutting on the platform decking of the
old calcium carbonate hopper when a cover fell off an
abandoned leg of the dust collector duct above them.
The flange is approximately 8 feet above the work
platform. Material which had accumulated behind the
flange fell from the duct into the work area. A cloud of
dust was created as the material fell. The dust is
believed to be zinc oxide, calcium carbonate, or stearic
acid. The dust ignited, causing a small fire.
Inorganic Inorganic Cutting torch
Tire
Manufacturing
3011 Manufacturing Cutting torch None
2nd floor,
pigment
dump station
Employee was in
process of removing
obsolete equipment
284 2005 6/10/2005 Chattanooga TN 0 5
Employees dissembling a paint booth with a cutting torch
were involved in a flash fire when the booth collapsed
resulting in a cloud of paint dust, which was ignited by the
flames of the torch.
Paint powder Paints
Paint booth,
cutting torch
285 2005 7/4/2005 Seattle WA 0 0
The fire was contained in a hopper, which is similar to a
smoke stack. The fire originated in the dust collector and
coal dust was ignited.
coal dust Organic dust collector cement plant Manufacturing
hopper and
dust
collector
286 2005 7/8/2005 Old Town ME 0 0
A dust fire broke out in one of the paper machines.
Ignition sources is unknown. Housekeeping issues led to
secondary fires
Saw dust Wood
Paper
machine
paper product
manufacturer
Manufacturing Unknown
287 2005 7/22/2005 Hartford WI 0 2
Employees at Midas performing operations associated
with an aluminum spray booth suspected that flow was
blocked to the dust collector adjoining the booth. During
inspection, employees found the vent pipe to the dust
collector glowing. One of the employees shook the pipe
causing aluminum dust to dislodge lead to an dust
explosion.
Aluminum
dust
Metal
Dust
collection
system
Muffler
manufacturer
Manfacturing
288 2005 7/26/2005 Springfield OR 0 0
An explosion and fire shut down operations at a particle
board mill. The fire began with a sawdust explosion in a
bag house. The fire started with a spark and was under
control within 45 minutes.
Saw dust Wood
Bag House,
sawdust
collection in
pockets
Wood Products
Manufacturing
Plant
Wood Products bag house
289 2005 10/14/2005 Schofield WI 1 1
One factory worker died and another was hospitalized
with burns after an explosion and fire tore through a
wood-products manufacturing plant. Losses exceed $1
million. The local fire chief stated that he believed it was
a dust explosion.
Saw dust Wood
Wood flour
mills
Wood Products
Manufacturing
Plant
Wood Products $1 million
Wood flour
mills in the
machine
room
290 2005 11/9/2005 Rockford IL 0 0
A powder coating machine caught fire causing 45
employees to evacuate. Firefighters said the powder-
coating maching malfunctioned and ignited powder-
coating material. One sprinkler head extinguished the
fire.
Powder-
coating
material
Chemical
powder-
coating
machine
Display
manufacturing
plant
Manufacturing $50,000
291 2005 11/14/2005 Pella IA 0 2
A month after a previous fire the location was
smoldering. Fire crews started to fight the flames in the
lower level and several shipping trailers, when a
secondary explosion blew the top off one of the towers,
injuring two firefighters.
Wood dust Wood
Wood Products
Manufacturing
Plant
Wood products
10/19/2014 248086236.xls.ms_office
Inciden
t #
General Fuel
Category
Equipment
Involved
Ignition
Source
Property
Damage
Area of
Facility
Work Activity
292 2005 11/17/2005 Billings MT 0 1
According to the fire chief, sulphur dust cloud was
ignited by a spark due to static electricity. The worker
was coal cutting or welding a plate when the spark
occurred. The sulphur was ignited within the gulley
area in the plant. The sulphur residue was along the
18 inch by 12-13 inch gulley. The gulley is similar to
an open drain and looks like a two-sided concrete
wall. There was no lofting in the air and the sulphur
particles may have been disturbed. The worker
received no burns or fatal injuries, mainly respiratory
distress or breathing difficulty due to the sulphur.
Workers were wearing proper equipment while
working in this area. There was no damage to the
building or equipment. The only damage was to the
face mask. There were no secondary explosions.
sulphur dust Chemical Chemical facility Chemical spark zero gulley area
The worker was coal
cutting or welding a
plate.
293 1990 4/25/1990 Steele AL
Aluminum dust explosion involving scrap processing
equipment.
Aluminum
dust
Metal 3341
294 1995 1/13/1995 Elmira NY Magnesium dust explosion fire involving a dust collector.
Magnesium
dust
Metal 3321
295 1995 7/16/1995 Friona TX
Explosion, fire and smoke resulting from the ignition of
natural gas and/or bone meal dust in the bone room.
Bone meal
dust
Natural
organic/food
2011
296 1998 1/11/1998 Decatur IL
Dairy feed pellet products accumulated inside the dryer
creating a condition where spontaneous ignition was
likely to occur.
Natural
organic/food
2041
297 1997 12/7/1997 Pine Grove PA Ignition of dust inside electrical equipment. 2299
298 2002 9/14/2002 Atchison KS
Alcohol fire causes ignition of flour dust occurred
resulting in an explosion.
Flour dust
Natural
organic/food
2046
299 2003 8/18/2003 Ocala FL
Dehydration system exploded causing the system to blow
apart. The employer had not repaired or replaced parts of
the system, such as the pilot burner (igniter assembly),
that were in poor repair.
3089
300 2004 6/22/2004 Mount Airy NC
Blast gate control allowed fine particles to enter the dust
collector; had not periodically inspected/cleaned the dust
collector; these conditions contributed to the
fire/explosion on June 22, 2004.
3425
10/19/2014 248086236.xls.ms_office
Combustible Dust Fire and Explosion Incident Data
20 of 52
Incident # Year Date State Fatality Injury
General
Fuel
Equipment Involved Facility Type
1 1980 1/24/1980 IN 0 0 Food Starch Plant
2 1980 2/1/1980 MN 1 8 Food Bin/conveyor Powdered milk mill
3 1980 2/8/1980 IL 0 0 Food Wet Corn Milling
4 1980 5/9/1980 OK 0 2 Food Dehydration Plant
5 1980 5/10/1980 NC 0 0 Food Unknown
6 1980 7/22/1980 FL 0 0 Food Brewery
7 1982 1/1/1982 NE 0 0 Inorganic
8 1982 5/6/1982 MN 0 9 Plastic Electric motor
Industrial Organic
Chemicals
9 1982 10/18/1982 IA 0 0 Food Starch Plant
10 1983 4/19/1983 WI 0 9 Wood
hopper, cyclone system, dust
collection system
furniture
manufacturer
11 1983 5/1/1983 NC 0 0 Wood Air handling unit
furniture
manufacturer
12 1984 2/20/1984 KY 0 1 Food Soybean Processing
13 1984 2/23/1984 OH 0 1 Inorganic hydraulic press
fireworks
manufacturing
14 1984 6/8/1984 IL 1 3 Food
Corn Gluten Pelleting
Plant
15 1984 6/15/1984 OH 1 4 Coal Bolier furnace Electric services
16 1984 6/19/1984 IA 1 1 Metal
Dust collection system, wheelabrator
(Goff airless shot blast equipment for
aluminum foundry
17 1984 7/18/1984 CA 0 0 Coal Coal bin cement producer
18 1984 7/23/1984 CO 1 2 Coal coal pulverizer Electric services
19 1984 8/10/1984 WV 2 0 Coal "brady" conveyor belt
Primary Production
of Aluminum
20 1984 8/31/1984 NH 0 1 Metal Time-saver sanding machine
Telephone and
Telegraph Apparatus
21 1985 2/14/1985 OR 0 1 Wood Hopper
Reconstituted Wood
Products
22 1985 4/3/1985 IL 1 13 Inorganic Electric equipment
animal pesticide
packaging plant
23 1985 6/4/1985 WY 0 3 Coal
coal pulverizer; air pressure fan; air
fan shroud
Electric Services
24 1985 6/12/1985 IA 0 1 Food Wet Corn Milling
This table represents a summary of the data. The complete dataset is contained in <file hyperlink>.
21 of 52
General
Fuel
25 1985 6/18/1985 NM 0 0 coal Grinding mill cement producer
26 1985 6/24/1985 VA 0 7 Wood Dust collection system
Wood Household
Furniture
27 1985 8/2/1985 UT 0 0 Inorganic
dust collection system, dryer, and
baghouse
manufacturer of
Guided Missiles and
28 1985 10/24/1985 GA 1 2 Plastic
vertical bucket container; light device
w/extension cord
gum and wood
chemicals
29 1986 2/28/1986 WI 0 4 Wood incinerator; propane heater
manufacturer of
"smoke" flavoring for
30 1986 6/18/1986 CA 0 4 Food Malt Plant
31 1986 7/1/1986 OH 1 1 Metal
mixing tank; drum of aluminum
powder
chemical and
chemical
32 1986 7/22/1986 IL 0 1 Plastic mixing tank
manufacturer of
Adhesives and
33 1986 7/29/1986 MN 0 2 Coal
2 portable quartz light devices; dust
collector
Electric Services
34 1986 9/8/1986 TN 1 1 Wood Dust collection system
Hardwood Dimension
and Flooring Mills
35 1986 9/13/1986 OH 2 0 Food bridge conveyor
Marine Cargo
Handling
36 1986 12/15/1986 IL 0 0 Food Alcohol Plant
37 1986 12/31/1986 VA 0 2 Wood boiler/firebox
Hardwood Dimension
and Flooring Mills
38 1987 2/4/1987 NY 1 5 Metal grinder, aluminum fuser rolls
Coating, Engraving,
and Allied Services
39 1987 3/18/1987 AL 1 0 Wood Saw dust burner
manufacturer of
furniture
40 1987 3/27/1987 IN 1 2 Metal Dust collection system steel plant
41 1987 4/8/1987 IN 1 0 Plastic Mixer
fabricator of rubber
products
42 1987 6/10/1987 UT 0 6 Metal
surface dresser belt sander metal
finishing machine; dust collection
sheet metal work
43 1987 9/13/1987 AL 0 0 Food Wet Corn Milling
44 1988 1/14/1988 MN 0 0 Food Corn Wet Milling
45 1988 3/19/1988 CA 0 3 Food Sugar Processing
46 1988 3/30/1988 NJ 0 2 Pharmaceutical reactor; charge port
pharmaceutical
manufacturing
47 1988 4/15/1988 NC 0 2 Wood production belt sander
hardwood veneer
and plywood
48 1988 5/12/1988 OH 1 8 Metal Dust collection system
Electric and Gas
Welding and
22 of 52
General
Fuel
49 1988 7/13/1988 OH 1 2 Metal
30-ton ladle; Alliance overhead cab
crane
steel foundry
50 1988 11/19/1988 OH 1 0 Plastic Hopper
plastics materials,
synthetic resins, and
51 1988 12/2/1988 MN 0 0 Food Oat Mill
52 1988 12/2/1988 AL 1 0 Wood mill boiler; Dust collection system
paper product
manufacturer
53 1989 1/11/1989 PA 1 0 Metal Hand brush; mixing drum
Secondary
nonferrous metals
54 1989 1/25/1989 MI 0 1 Food hammer mill/pulverizer food preparations
55 1989 2/3/1989 KS 0 0 Food
Bulk Feed
Warehouse
56 1989 2/14/1989 IA 0 0 Food
Chemical Processing
Plant
57 1989 3/2/1989 PA 1 2 Metal
Dust collection system;
grinder/polisher
Fabricator of Wire
Products
59 1989 7/13/1989 AR 0 7 Plastic Unknown
Miscellaneous
Fabricated Wire
60 1989 8/7/1989 IN 0 2 Wood
Tyler model 2400 multi-spindle panel
router s/n2984-87
Unsupported Plastics
Profile shapes
61 1989 10/24/1989 MN 0 0 Coal conveyor belt, coal crusher unit power plant
64 1990 1/17/1990 OH 2 1 Metal Magnesium batching hopper
Chemical
preparations facility
65 1990 2/19/1990 OR 0 9 Wood natural gas heater
cardboard box
manufacturer
66 1990 3/31/1990 IN 0 7 Metal
Lincoln arc welder #6251; Type N
Roto-Clone dust collection machine
electrical generation
plant
67 1990 4/20/1990 MD 0 2 Metal Elevator
Electrometallurgical
Products
68 1990 6/21/1990 AR 2 0 Metal Dust collection system nonferrous metals
69 1990 6/29/1990 PA 0 2 Metal Pneumatic feed; hammer mill
Nonferrous
foundaries
71 1990 10/22/1990 CA 0 1 Textile battery condenser
cotton ginning/
agriculture services
72 1990 11/5/1990 MI 0 0 Food Bulk Flour Station
23 of 52
General
Fuel
73 1990 11/9/1990 MD 0 1 Metal welding device; dust collector
Products
74 1990 11/27/1990 VA 2 0 Wood Pneumafil Baur filter
reconstituted wood
products
76 1991 4/11/1991 OR 0 1 Wood
bag house, rubber-handled trouble
light, dust collection system
sawmill
77 1991 6/6/1991 CA 1 1 Inorganic granulator
pharmaceutical
preparations
78 1991 6/12/1991 NH 0 1 Plastic
Mikropal #3 micropulverizer
(equipped with a .032 in. screen),
special industry
machinery
79 1991 9/1/1991 NM 1 2 Wood conveyor belt
reconstituted wood
products
80 1991 9/21/1991 CA 0 2 Metal machine press, acetylene torch
Plastics Materials
and Basic Forms and
81 1991 9/24/1991 IA 0 0 Food Cereal Plant
82 1991 12/17/1991 MI 0 11 Inorganic Machine/ Vvacuum system
83 1992 6/3/1992 RI 0 2 Food Toy Mfg.
84 1992 7/31/1992 MD 0 1 Metal hopper
Products
85 1992 10/3/1992 IN 1 0 Metal mixer, dust collector hose
industrial furnances
and ovens
86 1992 11/18/1992 SD 0 2 Wood Dust collection system
reconstituted wood
products
87 1992 12/4/1992 NC 0 5 Wood Silo
hardwood veneer
and plywood
88 1993 1/6/1993 NY 2 2 Pharmaceutical Oven
vitamin and food
supplement
89 1993 2/8/1993 NH 0 8 Wood Diehl ripsaw, dust collection system shoe manufacturing
91 1993 3/24/1993 SC 2 2 Plastic
air arc gauge with Plasmarc and
Mappgas; mixing tank
Plastics Materials,
Synthetic Resins,
92 1993 4/26/1993 NY 0 0 Pharmaceutical oven
vitamin and food
supplement
93 1993 5/12/1993 IN 0 1 Plastic
Dust collection system, LaRouche
machine, air-lay machine
manufacturer of
pottery products
94 1993 5/17/1993 MN 1 0 Food Food Plant
95 1993 9/3/1993 PA 1 0 Metal Metal bucket
manufacturer of
pressed and blown
96 1993 9/27/1993 OR 0 1 Wood Unknown
industrial and
personal paper
24 of 52
General
Fuel
97 1993 10/25/1993 NJ 0 9 Food Candy Mfg.
98 1993 12/2/1993 MD 0 1 Metal Barrel metal stampings
99 1994 4/21/1994 IA 0 0 Food Bakery Mix Plant
100 1994 4/21/1994 IN 0 22 Coal turbine generator hopper Electric Services
102 1994 6/1/1994 MD 0 3 Wood Sander Cabinet manfacturer
103 1994 6/16/1994 MN 0 2 Food Malt Plant
104 1994 7/16/1994 CA 0 1 Textile grinder, dust collection system textile machinery
105 1994 9/14/1994 FL 0 0 metal rubber hoses and grinder Jet Parts Plant
106 1994 9/16/1994 AZ 1 6 chemical metal duct
Vehicle parts and
accessories
107 1994 11/20/1994 NC 2 4 Wood None
particle board
manufacturer
108 1994 12/16/1994 CA 0 2 Wood Halogen light, Dust collection system
Facilities support
services
109 1995 1/4/1995 KY 1 0 Metal storage/conveyor tank
manufacturer of
aluminium powder
110 1995 2/28/1995 IL 2 25 Metal conveyor booths
motorcycles,
bicycles, and parts
112 1995 3/25/1995 VA 0 1 Metal
113 1995 5/22/1995 PA 0 1 Inorganic steel hoe, flaker
industrial inorganic
chemicals
114 1995 7/30/1995 IL 1 0 Food Flex hose wet corn milling
115 1995 9/26/1995 IA 0 0 Food
Animal By-Product
Plant
116 1995 9/29/1995 CA 0 6 Wood Bin
lumber/wood
products
117 1995 11/16/1995 WA 0 0 Metal
aluminum metal
product manufacturer
119 1995 12/11/1995 MA 0 37 Plastic hopper
manufactures
various types of
120 1995 12/13/1995 NH 0 0 Plastic Dust collection system
Plastic
manufacturing
25 of 52
General
Fuel
121 1996 1/9/1996 FL 1 0 Inorganic pelletizer
motor vehicle parts
and accessories
122 1996 1/24/1996 AZ 0 3 Coal Unknown copper smelting
123 1996 2/27/1996 IL 1 2 Coal Dust collection system Electric Services
124 1996 3/4/1996 VA 0 1 Tobacco dust collector
tobacco processing
plant
125 1996 4/27/1996 CA 1 0 Metal open blender/mixer
Industrial process
furnaces and ovens
126 1996 6/25/1996 TN 0 1 Metal
Cutting device, dust collectoion
system
primary metal
products
127 1996 7/10/1996 PA 0 0 Food Brewery
128 1996 7/20/1996 NE 1 15 Food screw conveyor, silo Sugar Plant
129 1996 7/30/1996 VA 0 1 Plastic Blending Tote
automobile brake
pads and lining
130 1996 8/14/1996 NM 2 0 wood hopper
sawmills and planing
mills, general
131 1996 11/5/1996 UT 0 2 Metal
hopper, roller drum, shaker unit, "pig
trailer"
Chemical
132 1996 12/24/1996 PA 1 0 Metal
skip hoist, monorail system, 55 gallon
drum
primary metal
products
133 1997 1/7/1997 IL 0 5 Paints
dust collectoion system, welding
device
motor vehicle parts
and assessories
135 1997 2/13/1997 OH 0 2 Metal
electroplating, plating, polishing,
anodizing, and coloring
buffing machines,
dust exhaust system,
136 1997 4/16/1997 PA 2 0 Explosives rail cart
137 1997 5/16/1997 CA 0 1 Food Bakery
138 1997 5/18/1997 CA 0 6 Food Walnut Hulling
139 1997 6/17/1997 OH 0 0 Food Cereal Plant
140 1997 7/30/1997 UT 1 4 Chemical Outside the batch dryer building
Ammonium
Perchlorate Plant
141 1997 9/12/1997 NJ 0 1
Organic
oxidizer
welder
specialty cleaning,
polishing, and
142 1997 9/30/1997 CT 0 3 Plastic ventilation ducts
finishers of
broadwoven fabrics
143 1997 10/20/1997 MN 0 0 Food Soybean Processing
144 1997 11/24/1997 OH 0 2 Metal hardware
dust collection
system, ductwork
26 of 52
General
Fuel
145 1997 12/18/1997 TX 1 4 Metal thermal aluminum spray coating guns
metal coating and
allied services
146 1998 1/5/1998 PA 0 0 Metal Dust collection system steel manufacturer
147 1998 3/24/1998 NC 0 2 Wood
Dust collection system; mating flange
gasket
wood/household
furniture
148 1998 3/27/1998 NH 0 0 Wood
firearms
manufacturer
149 1998 4/11/1998 CA 0 1 Wood sander
softwood veneer and
plywood
150 1998 4/13/1998 IL 0 0 Plastic Dust collection system
Fabricated Rubber
Products
151 1998 5/4/1998 TX 1 1 metal manlift; storage bin
scrap and waste
materials
152 1998 5/17/1998 TN 0 2 Food Frozen Dough
153 1998 7/1/1998 CA 0 1 Wood baghouse, grinder Wood products
154 1998 7/1/1998 MS 0 4 Plastic Injection molding
manufacturer of
surgical and medical
155 1998 7/7/1998 KS 0 1 Food Aircraft Plant
156 1998 7/28/1998 IN 0 17 Coal Tripper, Vacuum Electric Services
157 1998 8/10/1998 CA 0 1 Wood sander, dust collection system
manufacturer of
drapery hardware,
158 1998 8/28/1998 TX 0 1 Food Sugar Plant
159 1998 8/28/1998 TX 0 16 Plastic dust collector; air handling ducts
sports equipment
manufacturer
160 1998 10/12/1998 OR 0 1 Wood Unknown
lumber/wood
products
161 1999 2/1/1999 MI 6 30 coal boiler Power plant
162 1999 2/17/1999 IL 1 0 Metal
Black & Decker electric sander,
model 7441 (with 80 grit sandpaper)
plating and polishing
163 1999 2/25/1999 MA 3 9 Plastic Oven; dust collection system
Grey and duct tile
foundries
164 1999 4/5/1999 AL 1 1 Metal bucket elevator and shovel nonferrous metals
165 1999 4/24/1999 VA 0 4 Wood Silo
reconstituted wood
products
166 1999 8/12/1999 MD 0 1 Inorganic Dust collection system
Chemical
167 1999 8/16/1999 GA 3 4 Coal Power plant
168 1999 9/22/1999 NJ 0 2 plastic machine that grinds plastic pellets
Plastic
manufacturing
27 of 52
General
Fuel
169 1999 10/3/1999 CO 1 0 Wood wood press
manufacture of
reconstituted wood
170 1999 10/4/1999 MS 0 1 Plastic Rubber mixer machine Tire manufacturer
171 2000 1/22/2000 NM 0 3 Food Feed Warehouse
172 2000 2/3/2000 MO 1 0 Wood Charcoal storage area
gum and wood
chemicals
173 2000 2/3/2000 IN 1 0 Metal Grinding machine
foundry (magnesium
and aluminum)
174 2000 3/7/2000 CA 0 1 Metal
Stretford style chemical reactor, used
to clean steam and reduce SO2
electrical generation
plant
175 2000 3/16/2000 CA 0 2 Metal
Grinding machine,-dust collection
system
metal fabrication and
welding shop
176 2000 3/22/2000 NY 0 1 Food Sugar Processing
177 2000 3/23/2000 TN 0 1 Food Fiber Procssing Plant
178 2000 3/24/2000 CA 0 1 Metal Bader polisher, dust-collection hopper
machining of metal
tubes
179 2000 4/4/2000 CA 0 1 Wood chop saw
Metal caoting allied
services
180 2000 5/4/2000 TX 0 3 Food Food Ingredient
181 2000 6/12/2000 PA 0 6 Plastic
mixer, series of screw conveyors,
metal silos
plastics products
182 2000 7/5/2000 MD 0 1 Wood
pneumatic roof mounted conveyor
system motor (Nu Vac); standard duty
Wood products
183 2000 8/17/2000 OH 0 1 Plastic mixing vessel
Chemical
184 2000 10/25/2000 OR 0 4 Wood
particle board
manufacturer
185 2000 10/26/2000 CA 1 4 Plastic Dust collection system
Plastics materials
and basic shapes
186 2001 1/10/2001 NH 0 1 Wood storage silo Burial caskets
187 2001 1/31/2001 KS 0 0 Food
Packaging
Warehouse
188 2001 2/14/2001 PA 3 10 Wood Unknown
Reconstituted Wood
Products
189 2001 3/14/2001 MD 1 0 Inorganic Dust collection system
Chemical
190 2001 5/19/2001 IL 1 1 Food Oven Chocolate factory
191 2001 5/25/2001 MI 0 9 Wood Silo
particle board
manufacturer
192 2001 8/29/2001 MT 0 2 Coal electric services
28 of 52
General
Fuel
193 2001 9/8/2001 IL 0 0 Food Cereal Plant
194 2001 9/21/2001 MI 0 2 Food Milk Processor
195 2001 10/3/2001 IN 5 0 Metal Mechanical mixer
Chemical
196 2001 10/15/2001 NV 1 3 Inorganic Saw, vacuum cleaner
rocket
propellant/motor
197 2001 12/11/2001 PA 0 2 Metal dust collector metal fabrication
198 2002 1/16/2002 MI 1 0 Coal coal-fired boiler, coal feeding system Electric Services
199 2002 1/23/2002 NE 0 13 Plastic Tire bin Tire recycling
200 2002 2/11/2002 OH 0 0 Plastic
201 2002 2/13/2002 IL 1 2 Coal hopper Electric services
202 2002 5/16/2002 MS 5 7 Plastic
Dust collection system, reversible
screw conveyor
Fabricated rubber
products
203 2002 5/26/2002 NJ 0 0 Food
204 2002 6/6/2002 PA 0 3 Metal
205 2002 6/10/2002 NC 0 0 Wood
206 2002 7/19/2002 SC 0 0 Plastic
207 2002 8/8/2002 OR 1 3 Food Pelleting Plant
208 2002 8/8/2002 MS 1 0 Textile cotton compress conveyor
Farm product
warehousing and
209 2002 8/25/2002 TN 1 0 Metal baghouse
Industrial Inorganic
Chemicals
210 2002 9/5/2002 MN 1 4 Food
211 2002 9/20/2002 KS 0 0 Food Distillery
212 2002 11/18/2002 NC 0 3 Wood & plastic
213 2002 12/26/2002 AL 1 0 Wood
Saw mills and
planning mills
214 2002 12/27/2002 ID 0 0 Wood
215 2002 12/27/2002 WI 0 1 Metal
216 2003 1/21/2003 IL 0 1 Plastic Sandblasting booth
Industrial
cleaning/sandblastin
29 of 52
General
Fuel
217 2003 1/23/2003 MO 0 0 Wood
218 2003 1/29/2003 NC 6 38 Plastic Milling equipment
Mechanical rubber
goods
219 2003 2/10/2003 WI 0 0 Coal
220 2003 2/14/2003 NC 0 2 Wood
221 2003 2/20/2003 KY 7 37 Plastic Oven
222 2003 2/25/2003 TN 0 0 Wood
223 2003 2/25/2003 TN 0 0 Wood
224 2003 3/7/2003 NY 0 0 Wood
225 2003 3/12/2003 PA 0 0 Wood
226 2003 3/14/2003 MI 0 0 Metal
227 2003 3/17/2003 PA 0 0 Metal Dust collection system
metal polishing and
grinding
228 2003 4/9/2003 IN 0 0 Wood
229 2003 5/20/2003 KY 1 3 Food silo candy manufacturer
230 2003 5/23/2003 CA 0 2 Wood
231 2003 5/30/2003 IA 0 1 Coal
232 2003 7/9/2003 IL 1 1 Metal torch
233 2003 7/22/2003 SC 0 0 Plastic grinder
pharmaceutical
preparations
234 2003 7/30/2003 SD 0 0 Metal
235 2003 8/11/2003 OR 0 1 Wood
236 2003 8/26/2003 NC 0 0 Food Food Processor
237 2003 9/2/2003 MA 0 1 Wood Unknown
reconstituted wood
products
238 2003 9/5/2003 OH 0 0 Plastic
239 2003 10/1/2003 OH 2 9 Wood
240 2003 10/22/2003 KY 0 0 Plastic
30 of 52
General
Fuel
241 2003 10/29/2003 IN 1 2 Metal
multi-cone pipe, multi-cone blower,
dry chip blower
243 2004 1/15/2004 OR 0 2 Wood
244 2004 2/11/2004 NE 0 0 Wood cutting device, dust collector
store fixtures
manufacturer
245 2004 2/12/2004 IL 0 0 Coal steel storage bunker power plant
246 2004 2/16/2004 OK 0 0 Coal Coal handling system Power plant
247 2004 2/19/2004 OH 0 3 Wood Dust collection system
Woodworking
Company
248 2004 2/23/2004 MI 0 0 metal Dust collection system foundry
249 2004 3/16/2004 AR 0 0 Wood panel saw, dust collector
hardwood veneer
and plywood
250 2004 3/16/2004 OK 0 0 Plastic Dust collector
Tire manufacturing
plant
251 2004 3/17/2004 WA 0 2 Wood
252 2004 4/6/2004 KS 0 0 Food
Packaging
Warehouse
253 2004 4/7/2004 IL 0 0 Coal excavator crane, welding equipment power plant
254 2004 4/8/2004 NC 0 1 Food
255 2004 5/6/2004 WI 0 0 Wood
256 2004 5/16/2004 NJ 0 0 Pharmaceutical dust collector
Industrial Inorganic
Chemicals
257 2004 6/10/2004 NC 0 3 Plastic drums
258 2004 6/25/2004 WI 0 4 Metal
Buffing machine, Air scrubber, duct
work
manufacturing plant
259 2004 7/6/2004 TX 1 2 Metal Grinding manufacturing plant
260 2004 7/20/2004 CT 0 2 Plastic grinding machine rubber factory
261 2004 9/14/2004 OH 0 1 Metal
Steel Pipe and
Tubes
262 2004 9/16/2004 CA 0 0 Wood ducts
Folding Paperboard
Boxes
263 2004 9/18/2004 MA 1 16 Food baghouse tofu manufacturer
264 2004 9/23/2004 IL 0 0 Wood dust collection system
Wood Office and
Store Fixtures,
31 of 52
General
Fuel
265 2004 9/28/2004 IL 0 0 Coal
266 2004 10/12/2004 IN 0 0 Plastic dust collector
foam insulation
manufacturer
267 2004 11/23/2004 Il 0 0 Plastic
268 2004 12/3/2004 OH 0 1 Wood silo
pet food
manufacturer
269 2004 12/8/2004 MD 0 0 Wood
270 2005 2/25/2005 KY 0 2 Plastic Rubber mixer machine Tire Manfacturer
271 2005 5/3/2005 CA 0 2 Pharmaceutical
pharmaceutical
manufacturing
272 2005 6/1/2005 IA 0 1 Inorganic Cutting torch Tire Manufacturing
273 2005 6/10/2005 TN 0 5 Paints Paint booth, cutting torch
274 2005 7/4/2005 WA 0 0 Organic dust collector cement plant
275 2005 7/8/2005 ME 0 0 Wood Paper machine
paper product
manufacturer
276 2005 7/22/2005 WI 0 2 Metal Dust collection system Muffler manufacturer
277 2005 7/26/2005 OR 0 0 Wood
Bag House, sawdust collection in
pockets
Wood Products
Manufacturing Plant
278 2005 10/14/2005 WI 1 1 Wood Wood flour mills
Wood Products
Manufacturing Plant
279 2005 11/9/2005 IL 0 0 Chemical powder-coating machine
Display
manufacturing plant
280 2005 11/14/2005 IA 0 2 Wood
Wood Products
Manufacturing Plant
281 2005 11/17/2005 MT 0 1 Chemical Chemical facility
Totals 119 718
32 of 52
Incident #
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
Ignition Source
Unknown
Spark
Smoldering Material
Flame
Spontaneous
Combustion
Unknown
Unknown
Hot surface
Spark
Spontaneous
combustion
Unknown
Hot surface
Spark
Metal strike
Flame
Hot surface
Fire
33 of 52
Incident #
1 25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
Ignition Source
Unknown
Unknown
Static
Electrical
Flame
Foreign Material
Metal strike
Static
Hot surface
Unknown
Fire
Hot Bearing
Fire
Unknown
Flame
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Fire
Metal Sparks
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
34 of 52
Incident #
1 49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
Ignition Source
Hot surface
Hot surface
Unknown
Unknown
Static
Hot surface
Electric Sparks
Fire
Spark
Hot Metal
Static
Hot surface
Unknown
Fire
Metal strike
Unknown
Spark
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Hot Metal
Unknown
Fire
35 of 52
Incident #
1 73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
Ignition Source
Fire
Hot surface
Unknown
Hot surface
Unknown
Metal strike
Unknown
Flame
Spark
Spark from tool
Unknown
Static
Unknown
Fire
Flame
Unknown
Unknown
Spark
Unknown
Metal strike
Unknown
Static
Unknown
36 of 52
Incident #
1 97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
Ignition Source
Fire
Explosion
Sparks
Flame
Hot Metal
Unknown
Spark
grinding
grinding
Hot surface
Unknown
Metal strike
Explosive
Spark
Unknown
Spontaneous
Combustion
Unknown
Unknown
Spark
Spark
37 of 52
Incident #
1 121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
Ignition Source
unknown
Fire
Unknown
Unknown
Spark
Static Electricity
Hot Metal
fire
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
black powder
Extension Light
Fire
Unknown
hot surface
fire
Fire
38 of 52
Incident #
1 145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
Ignition Source
Unknown
Fire
Unknown
Unknown
hot surface
Halogen Lamp
Unknown
Hot surface
Electric Sparks
Unknown
Unknown
NA
Unknown
Fire
Flame
Fire
Fire
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
spark or malfunction
39 of 52
Incident #
1 169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
Ignition Source
Unknown
Unknown
Welding/Cutting
Fire
Hot surface
Static
Metal strike
Unknown
Fire
Metal strike
Metal strike
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Hot surface
Unknown
Metal strike
Static Electricity
Unknown
Unknown
Wood Chips
40 of 52
Incident #
1 193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
Ignition Source
Sparks
Fire
Unknown
Spark
Fire
Hot surface
Hot surface
Unknown
Unknown
Static
Static Electricity
Metal strike
Unknown
41 of 52
Incident #
1 217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
Ignition Source
Flame

unknown
42 of 52
Incident #
1 241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
Ignition Source

Spark
Unknown
Metal to metal strike
Excessive heat
Spark

Unknown
unknown
Spark
unknown
Metal strike
Unknown
Metal strike
43 of 52
Incident #
1 265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
Ignition Source
Unknown
Hot surface
Unknown
spark
Cutting torch
Unknown
spark
Data Limitations:
The combustible dust incidents included here are likely only a small sampling, as no federal or state agency
keeps specific statistics on combustible dust incidents, nor does any single data source provide a
comprehensive collection of all these incidents. Information about small combustible dust incidents and near-
misses is also generally unavailable. For instance, because incidents that cause no fatalities, significant
injuries, or major fires may not be recorded in the OSHA and fire incident databases, the true extent of the
problem is likely understated. Due to these limitations, the CSB does not represent the incident data as
complete or error-free, and other compilations of dust explosion data are available. The books included in
the References of this report, Center for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS, 2005) and Eckhoff (2003), contain
useful data complilations of dust explosion incidents.
Notes on Validity:
The CSB has made reasonable effort to individually verify each incident in the data set. Some incidents in
the "Raw Data" could not be conclusively verified, therefore they are not included in the 281 incidents
reported in the Dust Study Report's Appendix A. Users of this data are encouraged to perform additional
verification before using any of this data.
Disclaimer & Limits of Usage:
The information contained in the "Basic Data" spreadsheet does not correspond one-to-one to the incidents
reported by CSB in its Hazard Study Report. Some incidents were omitted from the study report due to
insufficient information to verify the incident.
This data is intended for research purposes only. The CSB does not accept responsibility for any use of this
data outside the Agency.
Notes on Data Collection Methodology:
The data sources listed herein were mainly used by the CSB as an initial indication that an incident may have
occurred, that might have been a dust incident. The information contained in this dataset is the result of the
CSB's investigation into the publicly-available sources and/or interviews with persons who have first-hand
knowledge of the events.
OSHA Integrated Management Information System database
The accident database from ICHEME
Lexis/Nexus periodical search
NFPA One Stop Data Shop fire incident data
National Fire Incident Reporting System
CCPS Loss prevention symposia case studies
CCPS Guidelines
Data provided by Dr. Robert Schoeff (KSU 0705)
CSB Incident screening article collection
Industrial Fire World incident listings
NOTE:
The data sources listed herein were mainly used by the CSB as an initial
indication that an incident may have occurred, that might have been a dust
incident. The information contained in this dataset is the result of the CSB's
investigation into the publicly-available sources and/or interviews with persons
who have first-hand knowledge of the events.
The following are the references cited in the CSB report 2006-H-1, Combustible Dust Hazard Study.
American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 1993. ANSI Z400.1, American National Standard for Hazardous Industrial Chemicals--Material Safety Data Sheets.
Babrauskas, Vytenis, 2003. Ignition Handbook , Fire Science Publishers, Issaqua, WA.
Barton, J. A., and H. D. Seaton, 1986. Preventing Dust ExplosionsA Case History, Chemistry in Britain , July 1986.
Center for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS), 2005. Guidelines for Safe handling of Powders and Bulk Solids, AIChE/CCPS, New York, NY, 2005.
Crowl, Daniel A. Understanding Explosions, AIChE/CCPS, New York, NY, 2003.
The US Chemical Safety Board (CSB), 2004, Investigation Report, Dust Explosion, West Pharmaceutical Services, Inc., U.S. Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board (CSB), September 2004.
CSB, 2005. Investigation Report . Combustible Dust Fire and Explosions, CTA Acoustics, Inc., February 2005.
CSB, 2005. Investigation Report . Aluminum Dust Explosion, Hayes Lemmerz International-Huntington, Inc., September 2005.
Dastidar, Ashok Ghose, et. al., 2005. Evaluation of Dust and Hybrid Mixture Explosion Potential in Process Plants, Process Safety Progress. Vol. 24, No. 4, December 2005.
Earley, J.M. et. al.,1999. National Electric Code Handbook 1999 , 8th Ed., National Fire Protection Association.
Ebadat, Vahid, 2003. Is Your Dust Collection System an Explosion Hazard?Chemical Engineering Progress, October 2003.
Eckhoff, Rolff, 2003. Dust Explosions in the Process Industries, 3
rd
Ed. Gulf Professional Publishing, Houston, TX.
Eckhoff, Rolff, 2005. Explosion Hazards in the Process Industries. Gulf Professional Publishing, Burlington, MA.
Febo, Henry, 2004. Combustible Dust Hazards and Loss Prevention, presentation to the U.S. Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board, January 20, 2004.
FM Global, 2001. Property Loss Prevention Data Sheet 7-76: Prevention and Mitigation of Combustible Dust Explosions and Fire. Factory Mutual Insurance Company, 2001.
GAO, 1979. U.S. General Accounting Office. Grain Dust Explosions -- An Unsolved Problem, HRD-79-1, March 21, 1979.
Goings, John E. and Jef Snoeys, 2002. Explosion Protection with Metal Dust Fuels, Process Safety Progress, Vol. 21, No. 4, December 2002.
Gullickson, Richard,1996. Reference Data Sheet on Material Safety Data Sheets , http://www.MSDSsearch.com/msdshistory.htm.
Kletz T., 1994. Learning from Accidents, 2
nd
Ed. Butterworth Heinemann.
Mniszewski, Kim et. al., 2004. Power Loss. The 1999 Ford Power Plant Explosion: A Study of Problems Encountered During Large-Loss Fire Investigations, NFPA Journal July/August 2004.
National Academy of Sciences (NAS), 1982. Report of the Panel on Causes and Prevention of Grain Elevator Explosions of the Committee on Evaluation of Industrial Hazards, National Materials Advisory Board, National Academy of Sciences, National Academy Press, Publication 367-2, Washington, DC, 1982.
Occupational Safety and Hazard Association (OSHA), 1998. Hazard Information Bulletin Dust Explosion Hazard in Certain Textile Processes, October 1998.
OSHA, 2000. Technical Information Bulletin, Potential for Natural Gas and Coal Dust Explosions in Electrical Power Generating Facilities. November 2000.
OSHA, 2002. Region 4 Report on Explosion at Rouse Polymerics, U.S. Department of Labor (USDOL).
OSHA, 2003. Regulatory Review of OSHAs Grain Handling Standard [29 CFR 1910.272], http://www.osha.gov/dcsp/compliance_assistance/lookback/grainhandlingfinalreport.html, February 2003.
OSHA, 2005. Safety and Health Information Bulletin, Combustible Dust in Industry: Preventing and Mitigating the Effects of Fire and Explosion, July 2005.
National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 61, 2002. Standard for the Prevention of Fires and Dust Explosions in Agricultural and Food Processing Facilities, 2002 Edition. NFPA, Quincy, MA.
NFPA 68, 2002. Guide for Venting of Deflagrations, 2002 Edition. NFPA, Quincy, MA.
NFPA 69, 2002. Standard on Explosion Prevention Systems, 2002 Edition. NFPA, Quincy, MA.
NFPA 70, 2005. The National Electric Code 2005. NFPA, Quincy, MA.
NFPA 484, 2002. Standard for Combustible Metals, Metal Powders, and Metal Dusts, 2002 Edition. NFPA, Quincy, MA.
NFPA 484, 2006. Standard for Combustible Metals, 2006 Edition. NFPA, Quincy, MA.
NFPA 499, 2004. Recommended Practice for the Classification of Combustible Dusts and Hazardous (Classified) Locations for Electrical Installations in Chemical Process Areas, 2004 Edition. NFPA, Quincy, MA.
NFPA 654, 2006. Standard for the Prevention of Fire and Dust Explosions from the Manufacturing, Processing, and Handling of Combustible Particulate Solids, 2006 Edition. NFPA, Quincy, MA.
NFPA 654, 2000. Standard for the Prevention of Fire and Dust Explosions from the Manufacturing, Processing, and Handling of Combustible Particulate Solids, 2000 Edition. NFPA, Quincy, MA
NFPA 655, 2001. Standard for the Prevention of Sulfur Fires and Explosions, 2001 Edition. NFPA, Quincy, MA.
NFPA 664, 2002. Standard for the Prevention of Fires and Explosions in wood Processing and Woodworking Facilities, 2002 Edition. NFPA, Quincy, MA.
National Advisory Committee on Occupational Safety and Health (NACOSH, 1996. Report of the Hazard Communication Workgroup to the National Advisory Committee on Occupational Safety and Health. September 12, 1996.
Snoeys, Jef et al., 2004. Modeling of Dust Explosions in Industrial Processes: Use of Explosion Simulations for Explosion Isolation Design, 2004 Loss Prevention Conference, paper 49d, American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE).
U.S. Fire Administration (USFA). Manufacturing Mill Fire (Methuen, MA December 1995) , Technical Report Series.
Ural, Erdem, 2005. Dust Explosion Venting Through Ducts, 2005 Loss Prevention Conference, paper 91e, AIChE.
US Department of Labor (USDOL), 1999. Joint Foundry Explosion Investigation Team Report, Jahn Foundry Corporation, Springfield, MA, February 25, 1999.
Wright, Michael, 2005. Representing the United Auto Workers et. al., transcript of statements at CSB public hearing on June 22, 2005.
Zalosh, Robert, 1999. A Tale of Two Explosions. 1999 Loss Prevention Conference, AIChE.
Zalosh, Robert, Stanley Grossel, Russell Kahn, and Daniel Sliva, 2005. Dust Explosion Scenarios and Case Histories in the CCPS Guidelines for Safe Handling of Powders and Bulk Solids, 39th AIChE.
Loss Prevention Symposium Session on Dust Explosions, Atlanta, April 2005.
American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 1993. ANSI Z400.1, American National Standard for Hazardous Industrial Chemicals--Material Safety Data Sheets.
Barton, J. A., and H. D. Seaton, 1986. Preventing Dust ExplosionsA Case History, Chemistry in Britain , July 1986.
Center for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS), 2005. Guidelines for Safe handling of Powders and Bulk Solids, AIChE/CCPS, New York, NY, 2005.
The US Chemical Safety Board (CSB), 2004, Investigation Report, Dust Explosion, West Pharmaceutical Services, Inc., U.S. Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board (CSB), September 2004.
CSB, 2005. Investigation Report . Combustible Dust Fire and Explosions, CTA Acoustics, Inc., February 2005.
CSB, 2005. Investigation Report . Aluminum Dust Explosion, Hayes Lemmerz International-Huntington, Inc., September 2005.
Dastidar, Ashok Ghose, et. al., 2005. Evaluation of Dust and Hybrid Mixture Explosion Potential in Process Plants, Process Safety Progress. Vol. 24, No. 4, December 2005.
Earley, J.M. et. al.,1999. National Electric Code Handbook 1999 , 8th Ed., National Fire Protection Association.
Ebadat, Vahid, 2003. Is Your Dust Collection System an Explosion Hazard?Chemical Engineering Progress, October 2003.
Eckhoff, Rolff, 2003. Dust Explosions in the Process Industries, 3
rd
Ed. Gulf Professional Publishing, Houston, TX.
Eckhoff, Rolff, 2005. Explosion Hazards in the Process Industries. Gulf Professional Publishing, Burlington, MA.
Febo, Henry, 2004. Combustible Dust Hazards and Loss Prevention, presentation to the U.S. Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board, January 20, 2004.
FM Global, 2001. Property Loss Prevention Data Sheet 7-76: Prevention and Mitigation of Combustible Dust Explosions and Fire. Factory Mutual Insurance Company, 2001.
GAO, 1979. U.S. General Accounting Office. Grain Dust Explosions -- An Unsolved Problem, HRD-79-1, March 21, 1979.
Goings, John E. and Jef Snoeys, 2002. Explosion Protection with Metal Dust Fuels, Process Safety Progress, Vol. 21, No. 4, December 2002.
Gullickson, Richard,1996. Reference Data Sheet on Material Safety Data Sheets , http://www.MSDSsearch.com/msdshistory.htm.
Mniszewski, Kim et. al., 2004. Power Loss. The 1999 Ford Power Plant Explosion: A Study of Problems Encountered During Large-Loss Fire Investigations, NFPA Journal July/August 2004.
Occupational Safety and Hazard Association (OSHA), 1998. Hazard Information Bulletin Dust Explosion Hazard in Certain Textile Processes, October 1998.
OSHA, 2000. Technical Information Bulletin, Potential for Natural Gas and Coal Dust Explosions in Electrical Power Generating Facilities. November 2000.
OSHA, 2003. Regulatory Review of OSHAs Grain Handling Standard [29 CFR 1910.272], http://www.osha.gov/dcsp/compliance_assistance/lookback/grainhandlingfinalreport.html, February 2003.
OSHA, 2005. Safety and Health Information Bulletin, Combustible Dust in Industry: Preventing and Mitigating the Effects of Fire and Explosion, July 2005.
National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 61, 2002. Standard for the Prevention of Fires and Dust Explosions in Agricultural and Food Processing Facilities, 2002 Edition. NFPA, Quincy, MA.
NFPA 484, 2002. Standard for Combustible Metals, Metal Powders, and Metal Dusts, 2002 Edition. NFPA, Quincy, MA.
NFPA 654, 2006. Standard for the Prevention of Fire and Dust Explosions from the Manufacturing, Processing, and Handling of Combustible Particulate Solids, 2006 Edition. NFPA, Quincy, MA.
NFPA 654, 2000. Standard for the Prevention of Fire and Dust Explosions from the Manufacturing, Processing, and Handling of Combustible Particulate Solids, 2000 Edition. NFPA, Quincy, MA
NFPA 655, 2001. Standard for the Prevention of Sulfur Fires and Explosions, 2001 Edition. NFPA, Quincy, MA.
NFPA 664, 2002. Standard for the Prevention of Fires and Explosions in wood Processing and Woodworking Facilities, 2002 Edition. NFPA, Quincy, MA.
U.S. Fire Administration (USFA). Manufacturing Mill Fire (Methuen, MA December 1995) , Technical Report Series.
Ural, Erdem, 2005. Dust Explosion Venting Through Ducts, 2005 Loss Prevention Conference, paper 91e, AIChE.
US Department of Labor (USDOL), 1999. Joint Foundry Explosion Investigation Team Report, Jahn Foundry Corporation, Springfield, MA, February 25, 1999.
Wright, Michael, 2005. Representing the United Auto Workers et. al., transcript of statements at CSB public hearing on June 22, 2005.
Zalosh, Robert, Stanley Grossel, Russell Kahn, and Daniel Sliva, 2005. Dust Explosion Scenarios and Case Histories in the CCPS Guidelines for Safe Handling of Powders and Bulk Solids, 39th AIChE.

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