SEISMIC ANALYSIS

SEISMIC ANALYSIS SEISMIC ANALYSIS

To generate forces on the structure due to base motion arising
from earthquake.
Structural
response
H i t l
Vertical
motion
Horizontal
motion
14 June 2009
Dr. S. Nallayarasu
Department of Ocean Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology
Madras-36
1
SEISMIC ANALYSIS
API RP 2A IS 1893
STRENGTH LEVEL EQ
(200 YEARS)
DESIGN BASIS EQ
(DBE)
DUCTILITY LEVEL EQ
(2000 YEARS)
MAXIMUM
CONSIDERED EQ
(MCE) (MCE)
14 June 2009
Dr. S. Nallayarasu
Department of Ocean Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology
Madras-36
2
SEISMIC ANALYSIS
GEOMETRY
AND
Seismic Analysis Steps
AND
SEASTATE
LINEARISE
FOUNDATION
SOIL MODEL
PSI INPUT
FILE
Seismic Analysis Steps
FOUNDATION
SUPERELEMENT
DYNAMIC ANALYSIS
MODE SHAPES DYNINP MODE SHAPES
& FREQUENCIES
DYNAMIC RESPONSE
RESPONSE
SPECTRA METHOD
DYNINP
SEISMIC
SPECTRA
API / IS 1893 SPECTRA METHOD API / IS 1893
LOAD COMBINATION
MODEL: CQC
DIRECTIONAL: SRSS DIRECTIONAL: SRSS
NUMBER CHECK
PRST 1.0
PRSC
14 June 2009
Dr. S. Nallayarasu
Department of Ocean Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology
Madras-36
3
PRSC
SEISMIC ANALYSIS
Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) Indication of Strength
of earthquake
PGA = 0.3 X Spectral average between period 0.1 to 0.3
sec.
Structure
PGA
14 June 2009
Dr. S. Nallayarasu
Department of Ocean Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology
Madras-36
4
SEISMIC ANALYSIS
CALCULATED PGA FOR ZONE I TO IV CALCULATED PGA FOR ZONE I TO IV
AS PER IS: 1893-2000
ZONE SEISMIC ZONE ZONE SEISMIC
INTENSITY
ZONE
FACTOR
II Low 0 10 II Low 0.10
III Moderate 0.16
IV Severe 0 24 IV Severe 0.24
V Very 0.36
14 June 2009
Dr. S. Nallayarasu
Department of Ocean Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology
Madras-36
5
SEISMIC ANALYSIS
E th k D i C it i Earthquake Design Criteria
Specific design criteria depends on the country, location and
type of soil stratum etc. yp
IS 1893
Design Basis Earthquake (DBE) Design Basis Earthquake. (DBE)
Maximum Considered Earthquake (MCE)
API RP 2A API RP 2A
Strength Level Earthquake (SLE)
Ductility Level Earthquake (DLE) Ductility Level Earthquake (DLE)
14 June 2009
Dr. S. Nallayarasu
Department of Ocean Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology
Madras-36
6
SEISMIC ANALYSIS
E th k D i C it i Earthquake Design Criteria
OPERATIONAL EARTHWUAKE (200 YEARS RETURN PERIOD)
No damage to structure No damage to structure
conventional structural design
Allowable stresses can be increased
EXTREME EARTHQUAKE (2000 YEARS RETURN PERIOD)
structure to be stable
Redundant framing
Ductile failure expected Ductile failure expected
14 June 2009
Dr. S. Nallayarasu
Department of Ocean Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology
Madras-36
7
SEISMIC ANALYSIS
Th k d l ti f ti l it d d The peak ground acceleration of a particular site depends on
the following parameters.
Soil stratum
Distance from epicenter
It is specified in terms of G values as a relative significance It is specified in terms of G values as a relative significance.
IS 1893 defines PGA as
( ) ( )
Sa Sa
+
( ) ( )
0.1 0.3
0.4
2
Sa Sa
G G
s s
PGA
+
=



14 June 2009
Dr. S. Nallayarasu
Department of Ocean Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology
Madras-36
8
SEISMIC ANALYSIS
Response SpectraSpectra Normalized to 1.0 Gravity (API RP 2A) p p p y ( )
14 June 2009
Dr. S. Nallayarasu
Department of Ocean Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology
Madras-36
9
SEISMIC ANALYSIS
Response spectra for rock and soil sites for 5% damping (IS 1893)
14 June 2009
Dr. S. Nallayarasu
Department of Ocean Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology
Madras-36
10
SEISMIC ANALYSIS
M th d f A l i Methods of Analysis
Seismic co-efficient method
Time series method
Response spectra method
R id ti Response consideration
Horizontal acceleration both orthogonal directions
Vertical acceleration e t ca acce e at o
Number of modes to be combined by complete quadratic
combination (CQC)
Directional combination to be combined using SRSS Directional combination to be combined using SRSS.
(Square Root of Sum of Sequences)
e.g.
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
X Y Z
ER ER ER ER = + +
14 June 2009
Dr. S. Nallayarasu
Department of Ocean Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology
Madras-36
11
SEISMIC ANALYSIS
S i i C ffi i t th d Seismic Co-efficient method
Design horizontal co-efficient
2
h
ZISa
A
Rg
=
Where
Z =zone factor
I =importance factor
Sa
=average response acceleration co-efficient
R =response reduction factor
Sa
g
14 June 2009
Dr. S. Nallayarasu
Department of Ocean Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology
Madras-36
12
SEISMIC ANALYSIS
Design of Design Forces Design of Design Forces
Total base shear can be calculated as
V
B
=A
h
.W V
B
A
h
.W
Where
A
h
=design horizontal seismic co-efficient
W=total weight of structure
Distribution of Design Forces
Design seismic force at each floor is to be calculated by
2
i i
i B n
Wh
Q V =

2
1
j j
j
W h
=

n=number of storage or points of mass located along the height.

W i i i ht f fl i
14 June 2009
Dr. S. Nallayarasu
Department of Ocean Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology
Madras-36
13
W
i
=seismic weight of floor, i