CHAPTER 7

Understanding
Architectural
Drawing
Standard Standard
Architectural
Symbols
How to learn
Architectural
Drafting
1. Understanding Architectural
Drawing
Introduction
Architectural drawing shows the lan and !iew of
a building"
This tye of drawing is necessary for construction
of building and as reference for contractors in
meeting secifications" meeting secifications"
Architects and draftsman are resonsible for
rearing the building drawings"
The drawing is resented in the form of
orthograhic drawing and drawn according to the
U#E $Uniform #uilding Enactment %&'()"
Drawn using standard architectural symbols*
dimension* material secification and +uality
according to re+uired design"
1. Understanding Architectural
Drawing
Architectural Drawing Elements
a) Plan Drawing
Plan location
Site Plan
,loor Plan
Roof Plan
b) Ele!ation
,ront -iew
Right./eft Side -iew
#ac0.Rear -iew
a) Plan Drawing
Location Plan
shows the location of proposed
project or building.
looks like a map which gives a
direction or information of the direction or information of the
proposed site and it is unnecessary to
draw with scale.
it shows the wind direction (N =
North). Others existing features will
be including in the location plan such
as nearest building as the landmark,
access road with the name
a) Plan Drawing
Site Plan
A site plan drawing showing various
properties in terms of their owners,
locations, elevations, states of
development and features such as development and features such as
roads, utility supply lines, and
dimension.
The importance of site plan is easy
to contractor to manage the site area
for them to locate and loading the
construction material, machine and
build temporary building
a) Plan Drawing
Floor Plan
The floor plans communicate the
overall construction requirement to
the builder.
Symbols are used on floor plans to Symbols are used on floor plans to
describe items associated with living
in the home, such as doors, windows,
cabinets, furniture and plumbing
fixtures.
Floor plans are representation of an
imaginary horizontal cut made
approximately 1200mm (40ht) above
the floor line.
a) Plan Drawing
Roof Plan
Roof plan describes the design of
roof, dimensions, the pitch which
viewed from above.
Roof plan is top view building and Roof plan is top view building and
only show roof construction plan.
The building line is show in roof plan
as hidden line.
It also shows the direction of rain fall
and also the building line as hidden
elements.
b) Elevation Drawing
b) Elevation Drawing
1. Understanding Architectural
Drawing
Architectural Drawing Elements
c) Sectional Drawing
Shows cross1section of a building and other details"
The information in a sectional drawing includes height*
comonent si2es and construction material secification" comonent si2es and construction material secification"
E3amle of sectional drawing"
d) Detailed Drawing
Shows building arts such as windows* doors* roofs and
stairs"
4nformation 5 shae* name* si2e* material used etc"
Drawn in form of orthograhic* sectional or isometric"
Scale 5 %678* %698* %6%8 and %69
c) Sectional Drawing
Section symbol
A section is a view of a
building or object
obtained by making an
imaginary cut through it.
The term section is
mainly used where the
X
X
mainly used where the
cut is made in a vertical
direction, and this is so in
the case of location
sections.
Usually there are two
direction of section;- X-X
section and Y-Y section.
d) Detailed Drawing
2. Standard Architectural
Symbols
Introduction
Reresent the tye and shae of a secific
material used in the building construction"
:ostly based on the #ritish Standard $#"S) and
:alaysian Standard $:"S)"
Symbols are used in Floor plans, Roof plans, Symbols are used in Floor plans, Roof plans,
Elevations, Sectional drawing and Detailed
drawing to show building comonent such as 6
windows
Doors
Columns
;alls
,loors and etc"
Finishing In The Building
,igure below indicated the symbols of some finishing in the building
en!eloes" There are finishing from floors* windows* doors* roofs* walls
and so on" This finishing elements will be used as a symbols of the nature
materials or structures"
2. Standard Architectural Symbols
Symbols And Furniture In The Building
:any symbols has been de!eloed in the drawing" ,igure below
shows the detail of the symbologies"
2. Standard Architectural Symbols
Symbols And Furniture In The Building
:any symbols has been de!eloed in the drawing" ,igure below shows
the detail of the symbologies"
2. Standard Architectural Symbols
3. ow to learn Architectural
Dra!ting
a) Layout plan drafting techniues !
STEP 1:
1. Draw the gridlines for each wall, column and beam for every space. The dimension is
measured from centre to centre of wall.
STEP 3:
1. Draw the symbols such as doors, window, wall, and sanitary
2. Name the space such as living hall, toilet, kitchen, etc.
3. Insert the dimension for each space.
4. Insert the specification of finishing
5. Insert the hidden line for roof
STEP 2 :
1. Draw the wall thickness by referring to the centre line.
2. Identify the position of door, window and the opening.
3. ow to learn Architectural
Dra!ting
STEP 1:
1. Draw the gridlines for each wall, column and beam for every space. The dimension is
measured from centre to centre of wall.
3. ow to learn Architectural
Dra!ting
STEP 2 :
1. Draw the wall thickness by referring to the centre line.
2. Identify the position of door, window and the opening.
(b) Elevation drafting techniques
(c) Roof plan drafting techniques
"he end# than$ you. "he end# than$ you.