SHORT REPORT:

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analysis of ...
Talking Title(Do we really need? often has a exclamation mark or question mark)
vs Functional title (3rd person)
Functional;
except for conjunction all first letter to be capitalised
Date:
July,2014( do not write the number in the date)
Footer& Header:
Name of the report(working title):header
Footer:presented by ... Page
Table of contents:
paths & subpaths should be intended ... give page numbers..
like 3, 3.1,3.2 (should be a little bit inside) , then again 4 inline with 3,
Write the starting page only..
All the tiltles are functional headings..headings are a phrase.. make it short a
nd easy to read
Appendices:
like Appendix A - heading
Appendix doesnot have a number**
All the new sections begin on a new page
Font size is 12 ideally .. hard copy file follows Times New roman format ... sof
t copy .. arial can do
single line spacing.. 1.5 line spacing between para.
Easy to read reports are left justified**
Good doc design -> bullets,
Add your own titles .. recommendations, Action plan,next steps
Ideal no of pages in short report -> 3 to 8
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PROPOSAL: (its an idea.. designated to reduce the cost .. add more benefits ...
)
Start with a summary.
Who is writing, what 's the topic, Key benefits, need a little about iim lucknow
..(Counceller)
Move ahead ... little bit specifics
Give the headings.. all ops details ..
CLIENT PROPOSAL:
who are we, how we are competent enough, Bugeting parameters..
Give king of schedule... like phase 1, phase 2... Characteristic of reports..
Qualifications... most qualified at the last
Lots of tables.. Central heading.. A lot of appendices( value & volume of the wo
rk done, referrrals, photographs of your work, copy of your tin number, certific
ations like TUV )
Proposal writing is in future tense .. marketing an idea..
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A lot of conclusions ... one recommendations
Comparison and contrast style
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Excel dashboard:
Not an analytical report ... an informational report..
Regional sales manager can look at the developments from the report
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(12) ... AMazon ...
cover page->letter of Authorization(On letterhead of company) -> LOT ->
LOT, MOT ( letter & memo of transmittal)
LOT vs LOA:
characteristic of LOT:
Ths was the topic, findings, recommend that .., insightful learnings .., from th
e employee to the
organisation.. relationalship building tool , thank the employees for the opport
uninty for giving work,
etiquette tool.... not on the letter head... not even page numbered numbered...
on the top its written Letter of
transmittal ... doesnt have a subject
Table of contents , lIst of figures, introduction,recommendation, headiing & sub
headings
Professional writing 3 tier structure...
First is middle level ... heading of 12 ... center
2nd is 1st level... font size 10... text is below it (like compan background) (1
,2
3rd again 10font size ... text alongside like (1.1 ,1.2 ..)
like 4.3.1 : no caps ...only sentence
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Trip report:
very direct... active voice .. segmentation into good headings ...
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5W approach, questions, 252 types of smiles , paraphrasing , taking down notes,
Good problem statement is close to a paragraph.. (Detailed,data driven,must ment
ion a complication)
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Invertory levels are too high and must be reduced: repharase it ... this is not
a good problem definition
HR is taking too long to handle personnel requests: Detailing required .. add r
ecurtment delay.. add days ..
Market share of brand B is decreasing since past 3 months eventhough the industr
y is doinig very well:
market share of brand has decreased from 14% to 9% during last quarter .. mentio
n the industry.. mention the segment it is falling more.. particular geography .
. new player new product..any data where you can mention costs.. But surprisingl
y industry is increasing at rate of ...
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PURPOSE STATEMENT:(Always written as a list)
A company net share is steadily declining:

Purpose statement is not the rehash of the problem statement:

To explore niches .. exlplore variable pricing system.. explore buying behaviou
r of the market..
List of statements (5-6 statements) beginning with to and verb)
To explore new ways of selling and promoting a product
Purpose statement helps to communicate with yourself
Our current computer network lacks certain bandwidth and can't be upgraded to me
et our future needs
-To identify alternate ways of networking
-To find out the most feasible recommendation at this budget
-to explore products that will increase the bandwidth
Student in management schools require high levels of stress & leads to attrition
- to find correlation b/w attrition rate and stress
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PROBLEM QUESTIONS:
What questions will you explore in your research... 5W(why,where,when,..1H
Q.Why are students so stressed out? How can we resolve the issue ?
-Recommendations to faculty,student body
- Why Stressed, What are causes, When the timings..
Q.The purpose of this report is to write abt the unhealthy food in XYZ cafeteria
How you define unhealthiness?
What would be the apt quality of food?
How many complaiins has bee registered?
What are the stats of the people falllng ill?
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SCOPE:
Defines the limit of your research...
For eg the stress research is limited to 1st year statements..
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LIMITATIONS:
It is always in terms of cost/time/samplesize. It may hamper the result of the r
esearch.
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All the above 5 parts consists of INtroduction
Company background etc doesn't come in introduction ... COme straight to the pro
blem statement..
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
++++++++++++++++++
HYPOTHESIS GENERATION:
Hypothesis is an assumption
Q. Brand market share is steadily declining
- Wrong target market
- Increase in cost of raw materials
- Intensive Channels
- Wrongdoing in company
- Channel conflict
- New entrants to market
- Taste and prefence of consumer is changing

Two ways to write an asssumption:

Faulty Pricing is responsible for decrese in market share -> postive statement(i
s responsible) -> alternate hypo.
Faulty Pricing is not responsible for decrese in market share -> negative statem
ent(is not responsible) -> null hypo.
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Planning a research design:(Type of study & decision on method of data gathering
)
1.Surveys -> postal
-> telephone
-> personal
-> group
-> individual
2. Experimentation -> Lab
-> Field
3. Qualitative -> Depth interview
-> focus groups
-> Psychological testing
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HOW TO WRITE AN ANALYSIS:Liechart scale( 1-2 strongly agree , 4-5 strongly disag
ree)
Factor analysis: Tables and charts are important... we should have less tables i
n the section rather we should collate the tables...
Way to write tables:
1) Table heading Top of the table ( wriiten in a phrase .. very much indicative
of what is in the table)
2) Label the table .. 1st table 3.1 then colon then title
3) when to introduce the table before the table ... explaination should be at th
e top like
Table 3.5 below explains :
4) Table sourced from somewhere else.. Very contemporary .. very small italics .
.. not of 2009 should be 2012-14..
Same with the figures ... same title as the table ... centre aligned
Table should be neatly put there ...