Cased Hole Evaluation

CHFR >>Cased Hole Formation Resistivity (CHFR)

Cased Hole Formation Resistivity

(CHFR)

Cased Hole Evaluation

CHFR >>Cased Hole Formation Resistivity (CHFR)

CHFR Cased Hole Formation Resistivity Tool

Stationary formation resistivity measurements
behind casing
Applications
Primary resistivity evaluation in wells with no
openhole measurements
Identification of bypassed hydrocarbons

Identification of fluid contacts

Measurement of residual oil saturation

Cased Hole Evaluation

CHFR >>Cased Hole Formation Resistivity (CHFR)

Laterolog and Induction

Measured Resistivities

Differences in Response of
Resistivity tools:
Laterolog devices (including
CHR) measure Rt in series.
Induction devices measure
resistivities in parallel.

Cased Hole Evaluation

CHFR >>Cased Hole Formation Resistivity (CHFR)

CHFR Applications
CHFR identifies
hydrocarbon and water
bearing zones through
casing
Illustration of CHFR
usage in old and new
wells benefits
Remaining unswept
reserves identified,
extending economic
field life
Resistivity measured
despite conditions
preventing acquisition of
open hole data

Cased Hole Evaluation

CHFR >>Cased Hole Formation Resistivity (CHFR)

CHFR Operation
The CHFR tools introduce current to the
casing so that extremely small amounts
escape into the formation.
The voltage drop caused by this phenomenon,
expressed in nanovolts (10 9 V, or 1 trillionth
of a volt), is measured by tool electrodes and
used to determine formation resistivity.
The CHFR tool design incorporates four levels
of three electrodes spaced 120 apart.
This 12-electrode configuration allows fast
operations and provides redundant
measurements in case of casing corrosion
or in the presence of perforations.

Cased Hole Evaluation

CHFR >>Cased Hole Formation Resistivity (CHFR)

CHFR Operation
The CHFR tool works by injecting current
into the casing,
The amount that leaks out over a 1.2 m
interval of casing is measured using very
accurate differential voltage sensors.
The higher the current leakage, the lower
the resistivity of the formation outside the
casing.
Stationary measurements are made to
ensure good electrical contact with the
casing and to improve the signal quality.
The measurement range is 1-100 ohm-m,
and the effective logging speed is
approximately 40 m/hour.

Cased Hole Evaluation

CHFR >>Cased Hole Formation Resistivity (CHFR)

CHFR Operation
Low frequency AC passes up the pipe
to the surface
AC also passes down the pipe
through the formation to a return at
the surface
The tool measures the voltage
difference: Dl in downgoing current
between pairs of voltage electrodes.
At every station 3-electrodes
contribute to the measurement
With 4 sets of electrodes, two
measurements are made at every
stationary point.
V0 =casing voltage, V1 and V2 are
voltages measured in the formation
between two pairs of electrodes. Rc =
casing resistance.

Cased Hole Evaluation

CHFR >>Cased Hole Formation Resistivity (CHFR)

CHFR Calibrations
CHFR Calibrations:
Current is passed from upper to lower
electrodes

DRc is measured
This is the resistance of casing
between the 2 contact points.

Cased Hole Evaluation

CHFR >>Cased Hole Formation Resistivity (CHFR)
Example-1
Perforation Selection
CHFR and Sampling
CHFR and CHDT services
were run to acquire data in
this wellPressure and sampling data
could not be obtained in open
hole.
CHFR data overlaid deepreading openhole resistivity,
CHDT tester acquired
formation pressures and fluid
samples, allowing the well to
be completed successfully.

Cased Hole Evaluation

CHFR >>Cased Hole Formation Resistivity (CHFR)

Example-2
By-Passed Oil
This log from a well in
a water-injection
project demonstrates
the value of the
CHFR technology in
identifying bypassed
pay top 60 ft.
Abandoned in 1998,
the well was
producing 300 BOPD
in 2001 after it was
logged and perforated
again.

Cased Hole Evaluation

CHFR >>Cased Hole Formation Resistivity (CHFR)

Example-3
Locating
Producing Zone
It was not possible to
obtain Open hole data in
this example.
The CHFR tool was used
Determine that the
uppermost sand had not
been produced.
Perforated the zone and
benefited and produced
dry oil: 600 B/D.