1 DuPont Analysis

Decomposing the ROE can be done through Dupont Analysis

ROE = Profit Margin * Total Asset Turnover * Equity multiplier
1999
Profit Margin
11.86%
Total Asset Turnover
0.25638039
Equity Multiplier
2.402761366
ROE
7.31%

1998
1997
15.47%
12.88%
0.311052116 0.352456367
3.750266682 5.299079426
18.05%
24.06%

Through this we can analyze the operating efficiency, efficiency in use of assets and the financial leverage of
2
Revenue Growth
Gross Margin Growth
Accounts Recivable growth

Dec-99
-6.34%
-4.58%
-2.83%

Sep-99
13.53%
8.66%
10.04%

Jun-99
13.32%
15.10%
8.39%

The performance of the company has decreased in past few years

The main reason of the fall in sales and revenue of the organization is because of the policies that was adopte
The company needs to work in line with the chnaging techniology and demand and need of the consumer so

3 There has been an decrease in the sales of the organization, the basic reason being the change in technology
Apart from the changing demand of the consumers the increasing competitive environment also affects the e

The class action lawsuit is traditionally used when there are many parties involved to prevent the inconvenie
multiplicity of lawsuits. An early but important principle applied to class actions was that judgment would a
absentee class members who were not parties in the court (Alliance of American Insurers 1987: 39). The cu
controversy over class action lawsuits is the result of a 1966 change in Rule 23 of the Federal Rules of Civil Pr
most states copied. This statute authorizes the filing of a lawsuit brought by one plaintiff or a small number o
behalf of a larger number of persons, which the plaintiffs believe themselves to represent, such as Vietnam v
to Agent Orange, industrial workers injured by exposure to toxic chemicals, prison inmates, and recipients of
implants. The 1966 revision did away with the requirement that all individuals seeking money damages with
lawsuits need to opt in: sign on affirmatively. Instead, those who the plaintiffs claim to represent are deeme
the lawsuit unless they specifically opt out: withdraw (Hensler et al. 1999).

At the federal level, the Supreme Court has tended to discourage class-action suits. Federal cases require tha
the class be given notice of the lawsuit; actual notice and not merely notice by newspaper publication is usua
This notice must be given to all members of the class whose names and addresses can be found through reas
In addition, those plaintiffs seeking to bring the class-action suit must pay all court costs of the action, includ
compiling the names and addresses of those in the class. If the trial court denies the plaintiff a right to repres

At the federal level, the Supreme Court has tended to discourage class-action suits. Federal cases require tha
the class be given notice of the lawsuit; actual notice and not merely notice by newspaper publication is usua
This notice must be given to all members of the class whose names and addresses can be found through reas
In addition, those plaintiffs seeking to bring the class-action suit must pay all court costs of the action, includ
compiling the names and addresses of those in the class. If the trial court denies the plaintiff a right to repres
that decision cannot be appealed until there is a final decision in the lawsuit itself. Denial of class-action statu
impractical to continue the litigation does not give grounds for an immediate appeal. Thus it should be disco

It is difficult to recover the earnings in the next quarter.

e financial leverage of the company. It has decresed dramtically in past three years
Mar-99
-16.48%
26.17%
32.37%

Dec-98
14.79%
16.20%
19.80%

Sep-98
12.20%
29.37%
3.87%

Jun-98
23.58%
-34.65%
-11.42%

policies that was adopted by the organization.

eed of the consumer so as to be competiitive in the market.

e change in technology and demand of the consumers

nment also affects the earnings of the company.

prevent the inconvenience of a

that judgment would apply to
urers 1987: 39). The current
Federal Rules of Civil Procedure , which
tiff or a small number of persons on
sent, such as Vietnam veterans exposed
mates, and recipients of silicone breast
ng money damages with class action
to represent are deemed to be part of

deral cases require that members of

aper publication is usually required.
be found through reasonable efforts.
sts of the action, including the cost of
laintiff a right to represent the class,

Mar-98
-29.23%
37.42%
17.16%

deral cases require that members of

aper publication is usually required.
be found through reasonable efforts.
sts of the action, including the cost of
laintiff a right to represent the class,
nial of class-action status making it
Thus it should be discouraged.