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BO CO THC TP
GVHD:
SVTT:
DHTP7A
B CNG THNG
TRNG I HC CNG NGHIP TP HCM
VIN CNG NGH SINH HC & THC PHM
BO CO THC TP
TN
MSSV
11035091
11037171
11072811
LI GII THIU
T xa n nay thc phm lun l nhu cu thit yu ca mi con ngi, thc
phm l ngun cung cp nng lng ch yu cho c th con ngi con ngi hot
ng m quan trng hn l p ng nhu cu n ngon mc p ca con ngi hin nay.
X hi ngy cng pht trin th vic chm lo cho gia nh ngy cng tr thnh gnh
nng cho cc ch em ni tr, hin nay h lun mun chu ton cho gia nh nhng cng
vic ngoi x hi hu nh chim ht thi gian ca h. V th bt kp xu hng hin
i cn c nhng thc phm ngon, r va tit kim c thi gian cho cc ch em ph
n m cn p ng nhu cu v dinh dng cho con ngi m cn i hi tnh tin
li cao.
Cng ty c phn Ch bin v Kinh doanh Nng sn Thc phm Nosafood ra i
lm phong ph thm nhng mt hang thc phm trong nc c bit cng ty bit
tn dng nhng nguyn liu ca mt t nc c nn cng nghip l chnh nh: t,
c, tiu, ti, hnh, u nnh sn xut ra nhng loi thc phm mamng tnh kinh
t cao nh: tng t, tng c, nc tng, mui tiu, cc vin gia v nh: bn b
hu, h tiu Nam Vang, ph b, bn riu cua, kho tiu, b kho v vy cng ty ngy
cng pht trin khng ch trong nc m cn ngoi nc. Nhng sn phm ca
cng ty Nosafood khng ch b r m cn mang tnh tin li cao n vi cng ty
nng sn Nosafood khng nhng mang n cho chng ta nhng mn n ngon m cn
mang n cho chng ta nhng mn n ngon m cn mang li cho chng ta nhng
hng v c sc ca cc vng min trong nc. V vy vin gia v khng nhng
mang n cho chng ta nhng mn n mi l cho nhng ai cha tng bit n, lm
mi gia v ca gia nh hng ngy, mang li hiu qu kinh t, tit kim thi gian cho
ngi tiu dng, ngun nhn lc, gim gi thnh.
LI CM N
Qua mt thng thc tp ti cng ty C phn Ch bin Kinh doanh Nng sn Thc
phm Nosafood, chng em c tip xc vi cng vic v dy chuyn k thut,
c p dng nhng kin thc hc trng vo thc tin v b sung c vn
kin thc ln cho bn thn cng nh tch ly c nhiu kinh nghim v tc phong
lm vic tch ly cho cng vic ca bn thn trong tng lai.
Chng em xin chn thnh cm n ban gim hiu trng i hc Cng nghip
Thnh ph H Ch Minh, qu thy c trong vin Cng ngh Sinh hc Thc phm...
to c hi cho chng em c c mt c hi thc tp tch ly nhiu kinh
nghim cho bn thn v gip chng em hon thnh kha thc tp mt cch tt
p. V c bit chng em xin gi li cm n n c Nguyn Th Minh Nguyt tn
tnh hng dn, gip chng em hon thnh tt kha thc tp v c c mt bi
thu hoch tt nht.
i vi qu cng ty, chng em xin gi li cm n su sc nht n ban Gim c
ng to iu kin cho chng em c c hi c thc tp cng ty. V em cng
xin chn thnh cm n cc anh ch, c ch trong b phn k thut v cc chuyn sn
xut ca nhm gia v tn tnh gip , truyn t nhng kin thc v nhng kimh
nghim qu bo cho chng em trong sut qu trnh tham gia thc tp lm nn tng
cho chng em hon thnh tt kha thc tp cng nh bi bo co ny.
Chng em xin knh chc qu thy c di do sc khe hon thnh tt vai tr
ca mnh. Xin chc qu cng ty ngy cng ln mnh v vng bc trn thng
trng khng ch trong nc m cn trn ton th gii.
Do thi gian thc tp c hn nn khng trnh khi nhng thiu st, rt mong qu
thy c thng cm v a ra kin cng nh ch dn thm chng em c th hon
thnh bi bo co mt cch tt nht.
Li cui cng, chng em xin trn trng cm n!
NHN XT CA N V THC TP
( Cng ty C phn ch bin kinh doanh nng sn thc phm Nosafood )
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TP. H Ch Minh, ngy ... thng ... nm 2014
Xc nhn ca n v
( K tn, ng du )
MC LC
A.
NI DUNG ........................................................................................................... 1
1.
S t chc .......................................................................................... 5
1.4.2.
B tr nhn s ......................................................................................... 5
ng ................................................................................................... 13
2.1.2.
2.1.3.
Cht iu v .......................................................................................... 16
2.1.6.
Gum ...................................................................................................... 21
2.1.7.
Cht bo ................................................................................................ 22
2.1.8.
Qu ....................................................................................................... 23
2.1.9.
2.1.10.
i hi .................................................................................................. 24
2.1.11.
Trn b .................................................................................................. 24
2.1.12.
2.1.13.
S .......................................................................................................... 28
2.1.14.
t .......................................................................................................... 30
2.1.15.
Gng ..................................................................................................... 31
2.1.16.
2.1.16.1.
2.1.17.
2.1.18.
2.1.19.
Tiu....................................................................................................... 35
2.1.20.
2.1.21.
Me......................................................................................................... 38
2.1.22.
Ht iu mu ........................................................................................ 38
2.4.2.
Ch tiu ha l ...................................................................................... 60
2.4.3.
2.6.2.
2.6.3.
2.6.4.
3.
2.8.2.
2.8.3.
Sn phm nc tng........................................................................... 76
2.8.4.
3.1.2.
C.
A. NI DUNG
1. TNG QUAN V CNG TY C PHN NOSAFOOD
1.1.
Trang 1
1.2.1. ia im xy dng
Cng ty c phn Ch Bin Kinh Doanh Nng Sn Thc Phm Nosafood vi
din tchmt bng 8.000 m2, c xy dng ti E4/20 Nguyn Hu Tr, th trn Tn
Tc, huyn Bnh Chnh Tp. H Ch Minh.
in thoi:(08)37600853 - 37600854 Fax : (08)37600855 Wedsite: nosafood.vn
Email: nosafood@gmail.comhoc nosafood99@yahoo.com
1.2.2. Ngun nc
Ngun nc cng ty s dng do nh my nc thnh ph cung cp. Nc c
bm vo thng cha, t mi phn phi n cc khu vc sn xut, k c cho mc
ch sinh hot. Nc thi c a qua h thng x l ri cho thot ra ngoi theo h
thng cng rnh.
1.2.3. Nhin liu
Gas c s dng trong un nu, s ch nguyn ph liu.
Trang 2
Trang 3
1.3.
S b tr nh my
Phng
nghin
cu v
pht
trin
sn
phm
Trang 4
2.
1.4.
S t chc v b tr nhn s
1.4.1.
S t chc
1.4.2.
B tr nhn s
Hin nay, tng s lao ng trong cng ty khong 200 nhn vin.
Trong , ban gim c gm: 1 gim c v 1 ph gim c.
Trong h thng b tr nhn s ca cng ty bao gm:
Hi ng qun tr: Do c ng sng lp v hi ng qun tr bu ra ch tch
iu hnh, qun l c ng.
GVHD: TS. NGUYN TH MINH NGUYT
Trang 5
Ban kim sot: Gim st tnh hnh thc hin ch trng, chnh sch lut nh
ca cng ty c phn da trn c s php l ca Nh nc.
Gim c cng ty: L ngi ng u cng ty, trc tip iu hnh cng ty, k
hp ng kinh t.
Ph gim c: Trc tip ph trch k thut, cht lng, bo h lao ng,
nghin cu thit k th cc mt hng mi.
Phng kinh doanh:
Lp k hoch kinh doanh v trin khai thc hin.
Thit lp, giao dch trc tip vi h thng khch hng, h thng nh phn phi.
Thc hin hot ng bn hng ti cc khch hng nhm mang li doanh thu
cho doanh nghip.
Phi hp vi cc b phn lin quan nh k ton, sn xut, phn phi... nhm
mang n cc dch v y nht cho khch hng.
Phng k ton:
Ghi chp v hoch ton ng, y cc nghip v kinh t ti chnh pht sinh
trong qu trnh sn xut kinh doanh ca cng ty, ph hp quy nh ca nh nc v
quy ch qun l ti chnh ca cng ty.
Kim tra tnh hp l, hp l ca tt c cc loi chng t, hon chnh th tc k
ton trc khi trnh ln Tng gim c ph duyt.
Phng t chc hnh chnh:
Lp d ton kinh ph hot ng ca cng ty, trnh ln cp c thm quyn ph
duyt. ng thi thc hin cng tc quyt ton thu chi, bo co thu chi, v bo co ti
chnh c quan cng cp theo quy nh.
Phc v iu kin, phng tin, trang thit b lm vic, bo qun ti sn ca
cng ty.
Thc hin cng tc vn th lu tr, cng tc thi ua, khen thng.
Phng marketing:
Tm kim c hi mi, tm cch truyn t mi.
Ci thin vai tr v quan h ca marketing trong cng ty.
S dng cng ngh mi v o lng kt qu t c.
GVHD: TS. NGUYN TH MINH NGUYT
Trang 6
Phng k thut:
Nhim v: Phng kim tra cht lng sn phm thuc phng k thut, c trch
nhim kim tra sn phm ngay t lc nhp liu, bao b, cc cng on sn xut cho
n khi ra thnh phm hon thin.
Trch nhim: Kim tra nguyn liu, ph liu, quy trnh v sinh cng nghip,
quy trnh sn xut cc mt hng. Kim tra cc ch tiu cm quan, ha l, vi sinh.
Trong qu trnh sn xut, phng k thut (KCS) c trch nhim kim tra cc sn phm
sn xut trc v sau khi ng chai, ng gi, thnh phm, trc khi xut phi c du
ca KCS kim tra cht lng sn phm. Ngoi ra i ng k s trong phng k
thut khng ngng nghin cu tm ra bin php thay th nguyn liu nhm h gi
thnh sn phm, nng cao gi tr kinh t.
T KSC:
Thng xuyn, nh k, t xut kim tra, gim st qu trnh thc hin v khi
lng, cht lng v quy trnh cng vic c cng ty ban hnh.
Nghin cu v xut cho ban gim c cng ty, trc tip thc hin nhng
cng ngh, gii php bo v mi trng th, x l rc thi cc loi, x l nc thi.
Nghin cu sn xut v t chc kinh doanh cc ch phm, x l nhim mi trng,
x l nc thi.
Xy dng k hoch, phi hp vi cc n v chc nng son tho ti liu v
t chc tuyn truyn, truyn thng v cng tc bo v mi trng th.
T ch bin: Ch yu l cng nhn, c t trng gim st nhng cng nhn
di quyn, m nhn cc khu trong phn xng sn xut, sau mi ngy lm vic s
c cng nhn dn v sinh trong xng sn xut.
T ng gi: Lm vic bn ngoi phn xng, chu trch nhim hon thin
cng vic cui cng nh loi b sn phm khng t yu cu, vo thng, dn thng.
Tnh hnh sn xut v kinh doanh
Hin nay, cng ty Nosafood chuyn sn xut kinh doanh 3 mt hng chnh l gia v
vin, c t v nc tng. Bn cnh cng ty cn sn xut cc mt hng khc nh:
Trang 7
sa t, gia v dng bt, u phng rang, ht iu rang mui, tiu en, tiu s, bnh
trng nhm p ng nhu cu ca ngi tiu dng trong v ngoi nc.
Nhng kh khn m cng ty mc phi l do qu trnh sn xut cn mang tnh th
cng. My mc trong sn xut ch yu l loi bn t ng nn nng sut t c
khng cao, m bo cng ty sn xut bnh thng th cng nhn phi tng thi gian
lm vic mi p ng c nhu cu th trng.
Mng li phn phi
A.
H THNG SIU
TH
1.
BIG C AN LC
2.
BIG C MIN NG
BIG C HONG VN
TH
3.
4.
BIG C HI PHNG
5.
BIG C NNG
6.
BIG C NG NAI
7.
8.
BIG C G VP
9.
BIG C HU
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
FOCOMART
CTYKD THI TRANG
H THNG CO.OP
ST BNH AN
ST BNH DN
15.
ST H NI
16.
17.
18.
ST ZEN PLAZA
ST LOTTE
ST TITAN
19.
ST THO NGUYN
20.
21.
MAXI 3/2
MAXI NHA TRANG
A CH
1231 QL1A, P BNH TR NG B, Q BNH
TN
138 T HIN THNH, Q10, TPHCM
202B HONG VN TH, P9, QPH NHUN,
TPHCM
L 1/20 KHU TH NG NM, SN BAY
CT BI, Q NG QUYN, HP
KHU TM VNH TRUNG, HNG VNG, Q
THANH KH, NNG.
KP1, P LONG BNH TN, BIN HA NG
NAI.
222 TRN DUY HNG, P TRUNG HA, Q
CU GIY, H NI.
792 NGUYN KIM, P3, Q G VP, TPHCM
KHU QUI HACH B TRIU, HNG VNG,
P PH HI, TP HU.
147B TRN HNG O, Q1
2 HANG VIT, P4, TN BNH
199-205 NGUYN THI HC, Q1
73 AN BNH, Q5, TPHCM
9 QUANG TRUNG, P11, G VP
189 CNG QUNH, P NGUYN C TRINH,
Q1
54-56 NGUYN TRI, Q1
58 NG KHI, Q1, TPHCM.
175 PHM HNG, P4, Q8, TPHCM
302A VN LI, P PH TH HA, Q TN
PH.
S 3-3C NG 3/2 P11, Q 10, TPHCM
64 QUANG TRUNG, TP NHA TRANG
Trang 8
22.
23.
MAXI CNG HA
15-17 CNG HA, P4, Q TN BNH
MAXI NGH AN
166 NGUYN THI HC, TP VINH, NGH AN
NH SCH NHN
24.
1 TRNG CHINH, P 11, Q TN BNH
VN
B.
H THNG I L
KHU VC TP. H
I.
CH MINH
I L CP I
CTY TNHH HYNH
1.
489A HU GIANG, P11,Q6
KIM HOA
2.
THANG NH QU
276 TRN BNH, Q6
3. DNG HAN CHU
334 BI HU NGHA, BNH THNH
4.
HTX TM TH NGH
8 CNG TRNG T DO
HYNH TH
5.
80 TRN BNH, Q6
PHNG NGA
I L CP II
TRN TH NGC
1.
76B PHAN VN KHE, Q6
TUYT
2.
TRN KIM HANG
105 TRN BNH, Q6
KHU VC MIN
II.
NG
I L CP I
DNTN CNG
1.
101 YN BI, P4, TP VNG TU
PHNG
2.
BI TH BNG
8/10A PH NG THIN VNG, TP LT
47/3 KP HA LONG, TT LI THIU, THUN
3. DNTN THNH DANH
AN, BDNG
I L CP II
KHNG TH THANH
15B/7 KP5A, P TN BIN, BIN HA, NG
1.
HANG
NAI
2.
INH TH KIM LIN
4/1 KP3, P TAM HIP, BIN HA NG NAI
PHAN TH PHNG 30 O DUY T, P THNH CNG, BUN M
3.
HNG
THUT
4.
TRN TH HOA
P PHC HU, X LONG PHC, B RA
KHU VC MIN
III.
TRUNG
I L CP I
83-85 NGUYN THI HC, P VN HNH, TP
1.
DNTN HNG HNG
NHA TRANG
I L CP II
CTY TNHH TM XNK L 11 NG 16B CM QUANG TRUNG, TP
1.
ANH NHT
QUY NHN.
DNTN TM TM
35/1 V VN DNG, P NG MY, TP QUY
2.
THNH
NHN
GVHD: TS. NGUYN TH MINH NGUYT
Trang 9
3.
4.
IV.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1.
2.
3.
4.
V.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Trang 10
Ni quy ca cng ty
Trang 11
Trang 12
1.7.
Ph liu:
2.1.1. ng
Trong sn xut gia v, ng c dng ch yu l ng saccharose.
Ngun gc: ng saccharose sn xut t ma l chnh, ngoi ra cn c sn
xut t c ci ng hoc t cy tht nt.
GVHD: TS. NGUYN TH MINH NGUYT
Trang 13
cho sn phm.
Tnh cht vt l
T trng d=1.5789.
Tnh ht thm.
Saccaroza ht m khi nht mi trng ln hn 90%.
Tnh kt tinh
C12H22O11
H+
t0 > 70
C6H10O6 + C6H10O6
Phn ng caramen ha
Trang 14
Thnh phn
Ch tiu
Hm lng ng Saccaroza
> 99,6%
Hm m
< 0,15%
Tro
< 0,15%
ng kh
< 0,15%
pH
Mu sc
Trng
Trang 15
Yu cu
<0,5%
<0,5%
>98%
<50 (mg/kg)
As
<2 (mg/kg)
Cu
<2 (mg/kg)
Pb
<2 (mg/kg)
Hg
<0,2 (mg/kg)
2.1.3. Cht iu v
2.1.3.1.
Siu bt ngt
Trang 16
Tinh th rn dng que, khng mu, khng mi, khng dnh vo nhau, ri rc,
tan d dng trong nc, tan va phi trong cn.
GVHD: TS. NGUYN TH MINH NGUYT
Trang 17
Disodium succinate
Trang 18
Acesulfame K
2.1.4.2.
Aspartame
Trang 19
Dextrose monohydrate
Trang 20
Yu cu
pH
4,5 - 5,5
DE
40 - 45%
Maltoza
55 - 65%
Cht khong
75 - 85%
Dextrin
12%
4 - 5%
Tro
1 - 2,5%
chua
100
Tiu chun cm quan: mu vng nht hoc khng mu, khng ln tp cht, c
dnh nht nh, c ngt du.
2.1.6. Gum
Trang 21
Gum l cht rn, khng mu,khng mi, khng v c dng trong sn xut vin
gia v, lm cht n nh v cht nh ha c tnh keo dnh. Gum c tc dng chng oxi
ha, n nh nguyn liu khi nh hnh, lm tng dai, mt cho vin gia v.
2.1.7. Cht bo
Ngun gc: c sn xut t ng vt v thc vt, tn ti di 2 dng: lng v
c.
Shortening(cht bo cng): Ngun gc t thc vt, nh qu trnh hydro ha
lm cht bo cha no th lng tr thnh cht bo no c dng c. Nhit nng
chy cao 42-48oC, hm lng cht bo >90%, m 1,5%, ch s Acid
<1,5%mg/KOH/g. Mu trng, khng mi.
Hnh 3: Shortening
M: M c mua ti nhng ni m bo uy tn, cht lng. M dng chit
hng c trong nguyn liu tho mc v tinh du tan tt trong cht bo.
Trong sn xut, thng dng 2 loi m l m heo v m b v:
Bn nhiu ngoi th trng, gi r, n nh.
ng c nhit thng, gi c hng, trnh bay hi.
cht, khng cha nhiu nc, khng c mi l. Sau , tin hnh x l, ct nh ri gia
nhit a v trng thi lng. Dch m ny phc v cho qu trnh sn xut.
mua v c x l nhit a v trng thi lng, thun tin cho cc qu trnh tip
theo.
Trang 22
2.1.8.
Qu
Sau khi ch bin thnh mnh nh dy t 1mm tr ln, di trn 50 cm, thng cun
trn thnh ng. Mt ngoi mu nu n mu xm, c cc l v v vt cun l. Mt
trong mu nu hi n nu sm, nhn. D b gy, mt b mu nu , c t si.
Mi thm c trng, v cay ngt.
Hnh 4: Qu
Thnh phn ha hc: tinh du qu (hm lng >1%), thnh phn chnh ca tinh
du l aldehyd cinnamic, cc thnh phn cinnamylacetat, cinnamylalcol lm gim gi
tr tinh du.Trong v qu c cc hp cht diterpenoid, phenyl glycosid, cht nhy, cc
hp cht flavonoid, tanin, coumari.
2.1.9.
inh hng
Trang 23
Hnh 6: i hi
2.1.11. Trn b
V Qut c phi hay sy kh cng lu nm cng tt nn gi l Trn b. V
thuc cn c tn l Qung trn b, Tn hi b. N c v cay, ng, tnh n.
Trong v qut c khong 1,5-2% tinh du, trong ch yu c: Limolene,
lopropenyl
toluene,
Elemene,
Copaneme,
Humulence,
Beta-
sesqui
Trang 24
Hnh 7: Trn b
2.1.12. Ti, hnh
Ti l 1 loi thc vt c con ngi s dng lm gia v, thuc, rau.Phn hay
c s dng nht ca c cy ti l c ti. Ti c cho l c tnh cht khng sinh v
tng kh nng phng nga ung th, chng huyt p cao, m mu ngi. Tuy nhin
cn bc v ti v trong khng kh 1 lt ri n sng th s c hiu qu chng ung th
cao hn.
Hnh 8: Ti
Nc: 66,7%
Protit: 6%
Gluxit: 23,5%
Trang 25
Xenlulose: 1,5%
Tro: 135%
Ca: 24mg/%
P: 181mg/%
Fe: 1,5mg/%
Nc 92,3%
Protit: 1,5%
Gluxit: 4,8%
Xenlulose: 0,7%
Tro: 0,7%
Ca: 32mg/%
P: 49mg/%
Fe: 0,7mg/%
Caroten:0,03mg/%
Hnh 9: Hnh tm
Trang 26
Quy trnh s ch
Hnh, ti
Chn la
Lt v
Nc
Ra
Nc
Phi
Xay
Phi m
Lc
Xc hnh,
ti phi
M cha hng
hnh, ti
Trang 27
Xay: C hnh, ti c xay nhuyn theo kch thc (khong 1-3mm), trch
ly hng d dng cng on sau.
Phi m: V tinh du hnh ti tan trong cht bo nn s dng m phi ti,
trch ly hng trong c hnh, ti.
Lc: Dng li lc bng inox tch phn xc hnh, ti ra khi dch lc. Dch
sau khi lc xong c mi thm hng hnh, ti.
2.1.13. S:
S c trng kh ph bin nng thn, nht l trong cc vn thuc gia nh
v trm y t x, t ng bng n min ni. Cy cn c pht trin quy m nng
trng ti Thi Nguyn, Vnh Phc, k Lk,Ty Ninh ct tinh du xut khu.
Trong thc phm, s l 1 hng v quen thuc c dng n sng hoc tm
p cho thm cc mn n.
Hnh 10: S
Trang 28
Nc
Nc
Lm ro
Ct nh
M
Phi m
Lc
Xc s
Dch trch ly
hng s
Trang 29
2.1.14.
t
Bng 2.4. Thnh phn ca t
Thnh phn
T l
Nc
82,6%
Protein
2,9%
Cht bo
0,6%
Cacbon hydrat
6,1%
Cht v c
1%
Khong
0,03%
Ca
0,08%
0,0012%
Fe
1,11%
S quy trnh x l t:
t
Phn loi
Nc
Lm sch
Nc
Hp
Nc
Xay th
Nc
Xay mn
Nu
Dch t
Trang 30
Thuyt minh s :
Phn loi: t chn, tri to, khng c su, khng h thi, khng ln tp cht.
Lm sch: Dng nc sch ra k loi cht bn v vi sinh vt bm trn t.
Sau khi ra xong phi khng cn vt bn, khng cn su b bm trn t.Ch eo
gng tay.
Hp: t sau khi ra sch c cht ln khay v a vo t hp, tin hnh cp
nhit bng hi n nhit 100-110oC trong vng khong 25-30 pht tiu dit ht
vinh sinh vt, c ch enzyme lm h hng tri.
Xay th: t sau khi hp a vo my xay kh tin hnh phn nh t, to
thun li cho qu trnh xay mn, m bo t c xay mn hon ton.
Xay mn: t c xay th xong s c a qua my xay mn, xay n khi
thnh dng st ri nu, sau s a vo sn xut.
Trang 31
Ra
Nc
Ct lt
Phi kh
Phi m
Lc
Xc gng
Dch cha
hng gng
Acid citric(E330)
Trang 32
Acid citric c coi l an ton s dng thc phm cc quc gia trn th gii.
N l mt thnh phn t nhin c mt hu ht cc vt th sng, lng d Acid citric
s b chuyn ha v o thi khi c th.
Acid citric l mt acid hu c thuc loi yu v n thng c tm thy trong
cc loi tri cy thuc h cam qut nhng trong tri chanh th hm lng ca n c
tm thy nhiu nht, theo c tnh Acid citric chim khong 8% khi lng kh ca
tri chanh. N l cht bo qun thc phm t nhin v c thm vo thc n v
ung to v chua.
nhit phng, acid citric l cht bt kt tinh mu trng. N c th tn ti
di dng khan(khng cha nc) hay di dng ngm mt phn t
nc(monohydrat). Dng khan ca acid citric kt tinh t nc nng, trong khi dng
monohydrate hnh thnh khi acid citric kt tnh t nc lnh. Dng monohydrate c
th chuyn ho thnh dng khan khi nung nng ti trn 740C.
Tn theo IUPAC: Acid 2-hydroxypropan-1,2,3 -tricacboxylic
Tn thng thng: Acid chanh
Cng thc phn t: C6H8O7
Cng thc cu to:
Trang 33
2.1.17.
Trang 34
Trang 35
Tiu en (%)
Cht khong
4,51
1,62
T l % ca tiu en / tiu
trng
36
Cht m
11,67
11,71
97
Glucose
16,49
6,53
39
Cht ng bt
42,45
62,30
146
Cht bo
8,10
9,21
116
Tinh du
1,56
1,86
11
Piperin
9,20
8,59
94
Nha
1,58
1,19
78
Trang 36
pH
7.2-7.8
Tro(tng cng) %
20-27.6
m (%)
27-40
0.5
13-25.3
Cht bo (%)
1.4-2.6
Cht m (%)
28.7-40
Calcium (%)
2-3.4
St (%)
0.02
Thiamine
Vt
Riboflavin (%)
0.001
Niacin (%)
0.004
Mm tm,
mm ruc
Lc
C c
Nghin nh
Mm tm,
mm ruc
Trang 37
Hnh 13: Me
2.1.22. Ht iu mu
Ht iu mu hay cn gi l iu nhum, c-ri (danh php khoa hc: Bixa
orellana) l mt loi cy bi hay cy g nh thuc h iu nhum (Bixaceae), c
ngun gc t khu vc nhit i ca chu M. N l ngun cung cp chnh cho mt
GVHD: TS. NGUYN TH MINH NGUYT
Trang 38
Hnh 14: Ht iu mu
S quy trnh s ch ht iu mu.
Ht iu
mu
Lm sch
Nc
Trch ly mu
Lc
B
Dch mu
Trang 39
Cc loi tho mc ti
khng tp cht.
Trang 40
phm
V nguyn liu
V thnh phm
Gia v sau khi v thng carton, tin hnh nhp kho, sau khi sn lng ca
tng mt hng th tin hnh xut kho. Hng tiu th ni a s c phn phi n cc
i l nh l, siu th a n tay ngi tiu dng. Sn lng xut khu s c
vn chuyn bng container a ra nc ngoi bng ng hng khng hoc ng
thy.
Do quy trnh sn xut hot ng theo HACCP nn t khu nhp nguyn liu
n thnh phm u c kim tra thng xuyn, nh k. Thnh phm trc khi xut
kho s c b phn kho hng kim tra v s lng, trng thi sn phm, quy cch ng
thng, con du KCS ri mi cho xut.
Sn phm tn kho, cn hn s dng s c em i ti ch theo k thut, sn
phm qu hn s dng s c x l b. Do cng ty hot ng theo n t hng
Trang 41
Trang 42
Kim tra
X l
nh lng
Ph gia, cht
bo qun
Phi trn
Bao b
Dp vin
Kim tra
Kim tra
In date
Bao gi
Hng
tng hp
Kim tra
ng thng
Thnh phm
Trang 43
Phi trn
ng, mui, siu bt ngt, mch nha, hng tng hp c cho vo my
nh trn nhm mc ch:
28.8%
Mui
40.7%
Siu bt ngt
15.2%
Acid sorbic
0.1%
Natri benzoate
0.03%
Mch nha
6.1%
Hng
5.3%
Gum
1.1%
2.67%
Trang 44
Nguyn liu
Kim tra
X l
nh lng
Ngm cn thm ln1
Nu (45 pht)
Ly tm ln I
B I
Ngm cn ln 2
C c I
Ly tm ln 2
C c II
B II
Dch hng
Trang 45
Qu trnh dp vin
Mc ch:
tt cho sn phm
Hn hp nguyn liu c cho vo my dp vin, trong qu trnh dp vin, hn
hp nguyn liu c nh trn mt ln na cc thnh phn nguyn liu phn tn
u vo nhau.
Trong 15 pht, my p vin t ng dp c 1 thau 20kg hn hp nguyn liu
cho ra 5 mm hng. Mt mm hng c t 199 n 200 vin gia v.
Trong 1 pht my c th chy t 2 n 3 vng, mi vng cho ra 36 vin gia v.
Nng sut trung bnh 32000 vin/8 gi, tng ng 1000 hp/gi.
Trang 46
Vin gia v sau khi dp xong s c kim tra trng thi bn ngoi, cm quan
xem c t yu cu ca tng loi sn phm hay khng m bo cht lng sn
phm.
2.2.1.2.
Bao gi
2.2.1.3.
Vo hp
Trang 47
2.2.1.4.
V block, ng thng
o Sau khi ng hp, tin hnh v block, mi block gm 12 hp. Sau dng ti
mng c bao li ri a qua my rt mng co.
o Nh hi nng ca my rt mng co, mng co s rt li bao st sn phm v c
nh sn phm to b mt phng, bng. Cc hp giy phi xp s lng 12
hp/block v c xp theo ng th t, quy cch nht nh.
o Tin hnh v thng, dn bng keo ri nhp kho. ng thng l giai on cui
ca qu trnh sn xut. Block vin gia v c xp th cng vo thng carton vi s
lng 12 block/thng. Sau khi dn bng keo, tin hnh ng du ngy sn xut v
hn s dng ca KCS, ghi r tn nhn vin kim tra.
2.2.2. Thit b chnh.
2.2.2.1.
My trn gia v
Nguyn l hot ng
Kim tra my, m np cho cc thnh phn cn phi trn vo, m cng tc cho
cnh khuy hot ng trn u cc thnh phn vi tc 60-120 vng/ pht. Khong
3-5 pht th tt my kim tra xem nguyn liu u, m t yu cu hay cha,
nu t yu cu k thut th a ra thau cha chun b cho qu trnh p vin. My trn
th trang b ng c in cng sut 2 HP, tc 1450 vng/pht. Nng sut trn
120kg/gi.
GVHD: TS. NGUYN TH MINH NGUYT
Trang 48
Vn hnh my
ng cu dao chnh.
2.2.2.2.
My p vin gia v
S mt ct ca my p gia v
10
Trang 49
Trang 50
Bnh cha cn ra mm
Phu np liu
Xi lanh p vin
Pittong
Motor quay mm
Bm nn 1
Bm nn 2
H thng ti nhit
10
Khun p
11
V tr np bt
12
V tr p
13
V tr ly bnh
14
V tr ra khun
15
16
Cnh khuy
17
Trc xoay mm
Nguyn l hot ng
Trang 51
- Cc bc chun b
cp phi liu.
Xem trc con ln no dnh u cht bt gia v quanh trc l xo, dng
bo tr
Khi chy xong ht hng, tt cng tc iu khin my, thu gom sch phi
motor v dy curoa.
Trang 52
My p m chn khng
Nguyn tc hot ng
Vn hnh my
Yu cu
Bao nhm khng b phng, mi ghp khng b rch, ghp m phi dnh cht vo
nhau.
S c
Trang 53
My nh date
Kim tra h thng in, h thng bang chuyn chuyn ng trn my,
Trang 54
Bt cng tc ca thit b.
2.2.2.5.
My rt mng co
Cc bc chun b:
V sinh my bn trong v bn ngoi
t my, rt mng co vo ng ni lm vic sch s, thong thong d thao tc.
Kim tra cu dao in, cng tc in ca hp in.
Vn hnh my
Trang 55
Mng co bao thnh phm trc khi a vo my, cn t ngay ngn vo gia
bng chuyn.
u ra ca my phi t 1 bn ngay st my, hng mng co rt xong.
Nu mng co cha t yu cu, phi chnh li nhit v tc bng chuyn
cho ph hp.
Cc bc chun b
V sinh my v khu vc xung quanh my, m bo thng thong khi vn hnh.
Kim tra h thng in, h thng bng chuyn chuyn ng trn my.
Chun b c bng keo cho ph hp c thng cn dn.
Lp rp bng keo phi ng hng dn ca nh sn xut, k c phn trn v
phn di
Trnh t qut thi trc tip vo ch dn bng keo.
Chi b dao ct bng keo bng cn sch s trnh r st.
Vn hnh my
Trang 56
2.3.
S c
Nguyn nhn
Hn hp nguyn liu
Vin gia v b v,
cu trc khng cht
khng c trn u,
lng
nha
phi
vo
khng , my dp vin
gp s c
hp
vi
lng
, bao b b rch.
ghp v nhit ca my
ghp m.
Mch nha b vn cc
khng thm thu c
Hn hp nguyn liu
3
ri rc, khng kt
dnh c
trn
mch
nha
khng c ti long,
trc tip mch nha m
khng ha tan dn n
Trang 57
khng u.
Trong
qu
trnh
mui,
bt
phi trn ti xp
khng
ng
u,
khng
thm
thu
cc
mn ph hp vi
tiu chun.
nguyn
liu vi nhau dn
n to s kt dnh
khng cao.
Gim lu lng nguyn
Khi p vin cc vin
5
to
ra
khng
trng lng
cu hi lu li trn
tinh v p vin tr li.
trng
lng
7
to lin kt vi nhau.
ng lin tc
sinh
my
thng
xuyn.
Trang 58
Ch tiu cm quan
Bng 2.9. Ch tiu cm quan ca sn phm gia v vin
STT
Tn ch tiu
Yu cu
Trng thi
Mu sc
Mi v
tan
Tan tt trong nc si
Tp cht
Khng c
Trang 59
2.4.2.
Ch tiu ha l
Bng 2.10. Ch tiu ha l ca sn phm gia v vin
Cc ch tiu
n v tnh
Cht lng ng k
> 12
Hm lng glucid
>20
Hm lng lipide
>4
Hm lng mui
>38
Ch s peroxide
<2
5,5 - 5,6
pH
Hm lng kim loi nng
2.4.3.
As
Ppm (mg/kg)
Pb
Ppm (mg/kg)
Cu
Ppm (mg/kg)
30
Sn
Ppm (mg/kg)
40
Zn
Ppm (mg/kg)
40
Hg
Ppm (mg/kg)
0,05
Cd
Ppm (mg/kg)
Sb
Ppm (mg/kg)
Ch tiu vi sinh
Bng 2.11. Ch tiu vi sinh ca sn phm gia v vin
Cc ch tiu
n v tnh
Cht lng ng k
Khun lc/g
< 104
Coliform
Khun lc/g
10-2
Escherichia coli
Khun lc/g
Staphylococcus aureus
Khun lc/g
Staphylococcus poecali
Khun lc/g
Clostridium pefrigenns
Khun lc/g
10
Tng s bo t nm mc
Khun lc/g
10
Trang 60
2.5.
Trang 61
Trang 62
Trang 63
Trang 64
Vin gia v bn b hu
Trang 65
2.6.
Trang 66
Nguyn liu
Phn loi
Xay th
Xay mn
Trch ly
Cn, m heo, m b
Nu ln I
Ly tm
Lc
Chit
Dch lc
Dch chit
Nu ln II
Hng, mu
Phi trn
Dch cha
hng ph b
Trang 67
Phn loi: Nguyn liu sau khi c nhp v c phn loi loi b nhng
nguyn liu khng t tiu chun.
Xay th: Qu, inh hng, i hi, trn b sau khi phn loi c em i xay th.
Mc ch: lm nh 1 phn nguyn liu.
Xay mn: Sau khi nguyn liu xay th c em i xay mn. Mc ch: nghin
mn hon ton cc nguyn liu gip cho qu trnh trch ly c tt hn.
Trch ly:
Qu, inh hng, i hi, trn b sau khi xay mn c em i trch ly. Cch
tin hnh: cho 4 loi nguyn liu xay mn vo thng ngm trong cn vi khong
thi gian l 48h (nu hng gp th c th rt ngn thi gian l 24h) c th trch ly
cc tinh cht c trong nguyn liu.
S, l chanh sau khi phi kh v xay dp c em i nu trong dung mi l
m b trch ly tinh du c trong s v l chanh.
Nu ln I: Sau khi trch ly dch trch c em i nu trong khong thi gian 45
pht. Mc ch: trch ly cc tinh cht c trong nguyn liu c ti a.
Ly tm: Dch sau khi nu c c a qua qu trnh ly tm tch ring phn
dch lng v phn b.
Lc: Phn dch lng sau khi ly tm c em i lc loi b cc cht rn cn
st li trong qu trnh ly tm.
Chit: Dch sau khi lc s em qua qu trnh chit loi b cn c trong dch
lc.
Nu ln II: Sau qu trnh chit s em i nu ln 2.
Trang 68
Phn loi
Xay th
Xay mn
Trch ly
Cn, m heo, m b
Nu ln I
Ly tm
Lc
Chit
Dch lc
Dch chit
Nu ln II
Hng, mu
Phi trn
Trang 69
Phn loi: nguyn liu sau khi c nhp v c phn loi loi b nhng
nguyn liu khng t tiu chun.
Xay th: qu, inh hng, i hi, trn b, t sau khi phn loi c em i xay
th.
Mc ch: lm nh 1 phn nguyn liu.
Xay mn: Sau khi nguyn liu xay th c em i xay mn. Mc ch: nghin mn
hon ton cc nguyn liu gip cho qu trnh trch ly c tt hn.
Trch ly:
Qu, inh hng, i hi, trn b sau khi xay mn c em i trch ly. Cch
tin hnh: cho 4 loi nguyn liu xay mn vo thng ngm trong cn vi khong
thi gian l 48h (nu hng gp th c th rt ngn thi gian l 24h) c th trch ly
cc tinh cht c trong nguyn liu.
S, l chanh sau khi phi kh v xay dp c em i nu trong dung mi l
m b trch ly tinh du c trong s v l chanh.
Ht iu c trch ly mu bng cch nu trong m b trong khong thi gian
30 pht.
Nu ln 1: Sau khi trch ly dch trch c em i nu trong khong thi gian 45
pht. Mc ch: trch ly cc tinh cht c trong nguyn liu c ti a.
Ly tm: Dch sau khi nu c c a qua qu trnh ly tm tch ring phn
dch lng v phn b.
Lc: Phn dch lng sau khi ly tm c em i lc loi b cc cht rn cn st
li trong qu trnh ly tm.
Chit: Dch sau khi lc s em qua qu trnh chit loi b cn c trong dch lc.
Nu ln 2: sau qu trnh chit s em i nu ln 2.
Mc ch: loi b hon ton cn c trong dch chit v c c chun b cho
qu trnh phi trn .
Phi trn: dch sau khi c c c em i phi trn vi bt t kh, mu ht iu
v dch trch ly t s, l chanh thu c dch hng chun b cho qu trnh phi
trn gia v.
Trang 70
2.6.3.
Phn loi
Xay th
Xay mn
Trch ly
Cn, m heo, m b
Nu ln I
Ly tm
Lc
Chit
Dch lc
Dch chit
Nu ln II
Hng, mu
Phi trn
Dch cha
hng b kho
Trang 71
Trang 72
ng
Mui
Mch nha
Ph gia
Dch hng
(tu tng loi)
Phi trn
p vin
Kim tra
Ghp m
Bao gi
Thnh
phm
Phi trn: (vi 3 loi sn phm trn th quy trnh p vin tng t nhau v
cng tng t nh cc loi gia v vin khc).
Trang 73
u tin ta phi trn: ng, Mui, Siu bt ngt, Mch nha v Dch hng
vi nhau theo 1 t l nht nh sau ta b sung cc loi ph gia vo. Tip theo ta cho
tt c vo my phi trn.
ng, Mui, Siu bt ngt l nguyn liu chnh to v cho sn phm, Mch
nha to cho sn phm c kt dnh cao v Dch hng to cho sn phm c mi
thm c trng cho tng loi sn phm.
Nhng loi ph gia cho vo: Acid sorbic, Natri benzoate, Gum nhm to cho
sn phm c thi gian bo qun lu hn v cng to cho sn phm c trng hn v
mi v.
Kim tra: kim tra nhng vin b li, b, thiu trng lng hoc khng ng
u v hnh dng th c loi b v a ngc li tip tc phi trn.
p vin: sau khi phi trn ta tin hnh p vin bng my p. Thc t nh my
c 2 h thng p vin: th cng v t ng.
Nhng vin gia v c p hon chnh v chc chn th mi c a vo
mng nhm ghp m. Mi hp gm 4 vin.
H thng ghp m bng my hn m bng nhit v my rt chn khng.
Bao gi: nhng vin gia v sau khi c ghp m s cho vo hp giy c tn
tng loi gia v, thnh phn, hng dn s dng, ngy sn xut v hn s dng....
2.7.
Trang 74
Nguyn liu to
hng
Ph b
Bn b hu
B kho
Ch dng m b
Ch dng m b
M heo v m b
Khng s dng
C s dng
inh hng,
inh hng,
trn b, i hi,
trn b, i hi,
bn b)
i hi, qu, s
t
2.8.
C s dng (nhiu hn
Khng
Khng
Cc sn phm ca cng ty
2.8.1.
Hin nay cng ty kinh doanh v ch bin nng sn thc phm Nosafood sn xut
gia v vin vi nhiu chng loi phong ph v a dng nh:
Vin gia v ph b.
Vin gia v ph g
Vin gia v bn b hu
Vin gia v ph lu
Sup chay
2.8.2.
Sn phm tng t:
Tng t
Thnh phn: nc, t > 5.9% ti, mui, tinh bt bp, c chua, xanthan gum
(415), hng tng hp 0.04%.
Cht bo qun: Benzoate natri ( 211), sorbat kali (202) meta natri bisulfit
(223).
GVHD: TS. NGUYN TH MINH NGUYT
Trang 75
Cht iu v: monoglutamat natri (621), dinatri 5-inosinat (631), dinatri 5 guanilat (627), disodium succinat ( 364i).
Cht to ngt tng hp: acesulfam K (950) aspartam (951).
Mu tng hp: Sunset yellow (110), Poneur 4R (124)
Cht iu chnh acid: acid citric (330).
Tng st c:
Thnh phn: c chua hay c chua paste (> 13%), mui, hnh, tinh bt bp,
xanthan gum (415), hng c chua tng hp (0.01%).
Cht bo qun: Benzoate Natri (211), sorbat kali (202), meta natri bisulfit
(223).
Cht to ngt tng hp: acesulfam K (950), aspartam (951).
Mu tng hp: sunset yellow (110), camoisine (112),
Cht iu chnh acid: acid citric (330)
Mu t nhin: caramen (150a)
2.8.3.
Sn phm nc tng
Cc sn phm khc:
H thng HACCP vit tt t ting anh: Hazard Analysis and Critical Control
Point, hiu theo ting Vit l Phn tch mi nguy v kim sot cc im ti hn. Bn
cht ca h thng HACCP l phng nga, tp trung vo cc im kim sot ti hn,
da trn mt c s khoa hc, thc tin tin cy v cc bin php gim st, kim sot c
hiu qu. H thng HACCP c thit lp gim thiu ti mc thp nht ri ro
c th xy ra i vi an ton thc phm.
GVHD: TS. NGUYN TH MINH NGUYT
Trang 76
HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Poind): Phn tch mi nguy v
kim sot im ti hn, ngha l mt h thng phn tch, xc nh v t chc kim
sot cc mi nguy trng yu trong qu trnh sn xut, ch bin thc phm.
H thng HACCP (HACCP System): Mt h thng phn tch, xc nh cc mi
nguy v an ton thc phm v kim sot n ti cc im kim sot ti hn.
MI NGUY (Hazard): Tc nhn sinh hc, ho hc, hay vt l c trong thc
phm hoc mi trng ch bin thc phm c kh nng gy tc hi n sc kho
ngi tiu dng.
MI NGUY TIM N (Potential Hazard): Mi nguy c th xut hin (trong
thc phm hoc mi trng ch bin).
MI NGUY NG K (Significant Hazard): Mi nguy i hi phi c kim
sot theo kt qu ca qu trnh phn tch mi nguy.
PHN TCH MI NGUY (Hazard Analysis): L qu trnh thu thp, nh gi
cc thng tin v mc nghim trng ca mi nguy v iu kin dn ti s hin din
ca chng nhm xc nh mc ng k i vi an ton thc phm, v th cn c
kim sot trong k hoch HACCP.
NGUY C (Risk): Kh nng (xc sut) xut hin mt mi nguy.
BIN PHP KIM SOT (Control Measure): Bt k mt hnh ng hoc mt
yu t vt l, ho hc no c s dng ngn nga, loi b hoc gim thiu mt
mi nguy ng k ti mc c th chp nhn c (cn gi l bin php phng nga).
IM KIM SOT (Control Point - CP): Tt c cc im, cng on hoc qu
trnh, ti c th kim sot c cc mi nguy sinh hc, ho hc hoc vt l (cc CP
thuc phm vi kim sot ca chng trnh PRP)
IM KIM SOT TI HN (Critical Control Point - CCP): im, cng
on hoc qu trnh, ti c th kim sot v c th ngn nga, loi b hoc gim
thiu mi nguy an ton thc phm n mc c th chp nhn c (cc CCP thuc
phm vi kim sot ca k hoch HACCP).
Trang 77
Trang 78
Trang 79
I VI DOANH NGHIP
Nng cao uy tn cht lng i vi sn phm ca mnh, tng tnh cnh tranh,
kh nng chim lnh v m rng th trng, c bit i vi thc phm xut khu.
c php in trn nhn du chng nhn ph hp h thng HACCP, to lng
tin vi ngi tiu dng v bn hng.
c s dng du hoc giy chng nhn ph hp h thng HACCP trong cc
hot ng qung co, cho hng, gii thiu cho sn phm v doanh nghip.
L iu kin doanh nghip tin hnh cc hot ng t cng b tiu chun
cht lng VSATTP.
L c s m bo iu kin thun li cho vic m phn, k kt hp ng
thng mi trong nc cng nh xut khu.
L c s ca chnh sch u tin u t, o to ca Nh nc cng nh cc i
tc nc ngoi.
LI CH VI CHNH PH
Cc nguyn l ca HACCP
1. Phn tch mi nguy v cc bin php phng nga. Tin hnh phn tch mi
nguy. Chun b s quy trnh sn xut bao gm cc bc din ra trong quy trnh.
Xc nh l lp danh mc cc nguy hi. Ch ra cc bin php phng nga cho tng
mi nguy.
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2. Xc nh cc im kim sot trng yu (CCPs) trong quy trnh bng vic phn
tch cc mi nguy theo cy quyt nh.
3. Thit lp cc ngng ti hn. y l cc mc t ra v mc sai bit c th
chp nhn c m bo cho cc im CCPs nm trong vng kim sot c.
4. Gim st im kim sot ti hn. Thit lp h thng theo di, gim st m bo
kim sot cc CCPs bng cc th tc xt nghim, trc nghim.
5. Thit lp cc bin php khc phc kp thi. Tin hnh nhng hot ng iu
chnh mt khi cc quan trc theo di cho thy mt im CCP no b trch ra khi
vng kim sot.
6. Thit lp h thng kim tra nh gi. Tin hnh nhng th tc thm tra xc
nhn khng nh l h thng HACCP hot ng hu hiu.
7. Thit lp b h s v ti liu HACCP. T liu ha tt c cc th tc tin
hnh v cc b h s lin quan n cc nguyn tc v qu trnh vn dng nhng
nguyn tc ny.
3.3.
Trang 81
Giai on
Qu trnh HACCP
Xc nh phm vi nghin cu
Chn i HACCP
Tp hp cc s liu v sn phm
Nhn bit mc ch s dng ca sn phm
S hot ng
6 Dch chit
iu chnh li s
10
11
12
Xy dng h thng vn bn
13 Phi trn
Kim tra
14 Dch lc
Xem xt
Trang 82
3.4.
3.4.1.
3.4.1.1. Mi nguy vt l:
Mi nguy
Ngun gc
Tc hi
Loi b
Gy cm gic
Ln
xut
hin dng,
nh
trong
quy hng
trnh sn xut
lng
cht
sn phm.
Ln
trong
nguyn liu.
Kim loi
xut
hin
trong
quy
trnh sn xut
Tc, bi, bn
sc
ngi
dng.
SSOP.
Xut
hin nh
hng
trong
quy n
trnh
sn lng
xut.
phm
3.4.1.2. Mi nguy ho hc
Mi nguy
Ngun gc
c t vi nm
T nguyn liu
Tc hi
Loi b
Gy c cho ngi
s dng.
C th gy tc hi
Coliforms
Tp nhim t mi
n ngi, l
nguyn nhn gy
750C/20 giy.
bnh t.
Staphylococcus
VSV tp nhim t mi
C kh nng sn
nhit 75 Trang 83
xut ra nhiu c t
>850C. Chng b
c th lm cho
ngi b nhim d
c t: 98.90C/14
mc bnh, bao gm
pht
VSV tp nhim t mi
Bacillus cereus
Vi khun sinh sn
tim n 2 loi c
hn 2.5 pht.
t: c t gy tiu
c t tiu chy
chy v c t gy
56,10C/5 pht.
tiu chy
c t gy nn:
1200C/90 pht.
Tc hi trc tip
vo bao t khin
ngi bnh au
bng, tiu chy v
Salmonella
nn ma trong vi
nhit 600C/
ngy.
10 pht.
loi ng vt.
1000C/2 pht.
loi vo ng rut,
gy thng hn
khin ngi bnh
c th t vong.
t, nc, khng kh,
dng c, bt a v
Vibrio
C th gy bnh t
t cc ng phn, rc
cho ngi.
v c rui nhng
un si
Gim pH<3
470C/48 pht.
mang n cc i
Trang 84
tng trn.
Trc khun gy
Shigella shiga
Trong ng rut.
Nhit 600C
chng cht sau 10>15 pht.
Trang 85
Trang 86
(online)http://www.tqcsi.com.vn:7989/vi/services/Danh-gia-chung-
nhan-cac-he-thong-quan-ly/HACCP-Code-2003-Chuong-trinh-an-toan-thuc-pham24.html
2. [Cribd]
(online)
http://vi.scribd.com/doc/105582136/Haccp-Code-2003-
Vietnamese
3. [Nosafood ] (online) http://nosafood.com/index.php
4. m Sao Mai, Nguyn Th Hong Yn, ng Bi Khu. 2012.Ph Gia Thc
Phm. Nh xut bn i hc Quc gia Tp H Ch Minh.
5. Mt s ti liu ca cng ty.
Trang 87