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LatPile Function
Pile bending moments, forces and deflection due to lateral loads using a finite difference analysis
=LatPile(Segments, Loads, Soil table, Sections table, PY tables, Defaults, Output code, Koption)
Optional input in italics
Input:
Segments
Loads
Soil table
Sections table
Optional input:
PY tables
Defaults
Output Code options
Contiguous range with 2 columns for each table: pile deflection(Y) and support force per u
PY curves are used for those soil layers with "PY" in row 2 of the soil table, and Table Num
Change system defaults; available parameters and default values are shown in the examp
1: Output array includes 6 output columns (see below for details)
2: Output Pile EI and soil stiffness only
3: Output array includes all 11 output columns (see below for details)
KOption
1: initial stiffness (P/Y) for soil type 2 and 3 = Ki * Depth (as COM625 Manual and LPile)
2: initial stiffness (P/Y) for soil type 2 and 3 = Ki * Diam
Sign Convention
Units
The calculated pile flexural stiffness takes account of post-cracking behaviour of reinforced
concrete, including tension stiffening and shrinkage effects if a C (circular) or R (rectangul
is entered in row 3 of the Sections Table. If a numerical value is entered in row 3 this is us
fixed stiffness (EI) and the entries below are ignored.
Note that non-linearity due to steel yielding, or concrete crushing is not included in
A separate check must be made of steel and concrete stresses.
Output:
Output is a 6 or 11 column array, enter as an array function:
To enter an array function:
Enter the function in the top left cell of the output range
Select the entire output range
Press F2
Column 1
Column 2
Column 3
Column 4
Column 5
Column 6
Column 7
Column 8
Column 9
Column 10
Column 11
Press Ctrl-shift-enter
Node Position from top, m
Deflection, m
Bending Moment, kNm
Shear force, KN
Pile EI, kN/m2
Soil spring stiffness, kN/m2
Soil layer number
Effective Depth 1, m
Effective Depth 2, m
Maximum soil force per metre length, kN/m (pf)
Soil force/metre length
Other Functions
PY624tab Function
Table of soil stiffness values at a specified effective depth
=PY624tab(Soil data, Pile Sections, Loads, Deflections, Koption)
Optional input in italics
Input:
Soil data
Pile Sections
Loads
Deflections
Optional input:
KOption
As LatPile function
Output:
Output is a single column array , enter as an array function:
Spring force/m of pile for each input deflection
PfEffDepth Function
Returns the maximum soil resistance per metre due to wedge failure at a specified effective depth
=PfEffDepth(Soil data, Pile EffDepth, PYTabsA)
Optional input in italics
Input:
Soil data
Eff Depth
PYTabsA
As LatPile function, except that row 1 is pile diameter and rows 8 and 9 are not required
Effective depth at which the soil stiffness is required
As LatPile function
Output:
Maximum Spring force/m due to wedge failure
Examples
Example 1: 20 m pile in a layered soil with one input PY curve and 2 calculated PY Curves
Layers
Loads
Length, m
Subdivisions
Type
18.55
40 Shear
Moment
Axial at head
Axial at base
Depth of zero axial
Number of cycles
Water table depth
Shear and moment are specified at the head of the pile. There is currently no provision for
applying loads at other locations.
Axial load is assumed to vary linearly from the head to toe of the pile, or bi-linearly from the
head to the depth of zero axial, and depth of zero axial to the base.
If Depth of zero axial is <=0, >= pile length, or blank, it is ignored.
Soil Tables
Depth of layer base
Soil cohesion, Cu; or "PY" to use PY table
Soil friction angle, Phi, or PY Table number
PY
Soil Density
Strain at 50% ultimate stress, Eps50
PY
Soil Type
Initial stiffness, ki
Layer top Effective depth for wedge failure (optional)
Layer top Effective depth for initial stiffness (optional)
Soil Type, 0 = "void", 1 = "Soft to firm clay", 2 = "Stiff Clay", 3 = "Sand"
30
20.000
3
85000
PY Tables
Y
0.000E+00
3.000E-03
6.000E-03
9.000E-03
1.200E-02
1.500E-02
1.800E-02
2.100E-02
2.400E-02
2.700E-02
3.000E-02
3.300E-02
3.600E-02
3.900E-02
4.200E-02
4.500E-02
4.800E-02
Page 5
P
0.000E+00
4.970E+01
6.270E+01
7.170E+01
7.890E+01
8.500E+01
9.040E+01
9.510E+01
9.950E+01
1.035E+02
1.071E+02
1.106E+02
1.139E+02
1.169E+02
1.199E+02
1.227E+02
1.253E+02
Examples
5.100E-02
5.400E-02
5.700E-02
6.000E-02
1.200E-01
1.260E-01
1.279E+02
1.303E+02
1.327E+02
1.350E+02
1.350E+02
1.350E+02
Sections Table
Depth of base of section
m
Pile diam or width
m
EI or Section Type (C or R) for RC
kNm2
Bar diameter
Diat
mm
Number of bars*
Numt
Bar cover
Covt
mm
Concrete compressive strength f'c
kPa
Steel yield stress
fys
kPa
E steel
Es
kPa
E concrete
Ec
kPa
Concrete flex. tens. strength
f'ct
kPa
Concrete shrinkage strain
Epscs
Microstrain
Section depth (rectangular sect.)
m
* Total number for circular section, or bars on tensile face for rectangular section
Defaults Table (default values in brackets)
Tension stiffening Beta value (0.5)
Maximum iterations (20)
Tolerance on deflection norm (0.001)
Tolerance on soil stiffness norm (0.001)
Tolerance on section stiffness norm (0.001)
Output
X
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
Deflection
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
Page 6
Moment
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
Examples
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
Soil Resistance
0
10
15
20
12.000
Depth, m
10.000
8.000
6.000
4.000
2.000
0.000
LatPile
Bending Moment
12.000
10.000
8.000
Page 7
25
30
35
Examples
Bending Moment
12.000
10.000
8.000
6.000
4.000
2.000
0.000
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
LatPile
Page 8
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
Examples
2 calculated PY Curves
Loads
m, kNm
74
192.4
881
1
30
Page 9
Examples
18.6
0.8
C
16.0
8.0
30.0
30,000
400
200,000,000
20,000,000
2
600.0
0.5
100
0.001
0.001
0.001
Shear Force
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
Pile EI
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
Spring
stiffness
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
Page 10
layer
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
EffDepth1
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
EffDepth2
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
Examples
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
35
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
Deflection
0.000000
12.000
10.000
Depth, m
30
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
8.000
6.000
4.000
2.000
0.000
LatPile
Shear Force
12.000
10.000
8.000
Page 11
Examples
Shear Force
12.000
10.000
8.000
6.000
4.000
2.000
30.0
35.0
0.000
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
LatPile
Page 12
20.0
25.0
30.0
Examples
Page 13
Examples
pf
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
Spring force
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
Page 14
Examples
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
Page 15
Examples
25.0
30.0
35.0
Page 16
Examples
m
kPa
degrees
kN/m3
0.800
0.00
PY
20.00
PY
1 to 3
KN/m3
3.00
85000.00
0.800
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Page 17
0.800
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.800
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.800
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Examples
Page 18
Examples
Page 19
Examples
Page 20
Examples
0.800
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Page 21
Examples
Page 22
Examples
Page 23
Examples
Page 24
Clay Consistency
Soft
Medium
Stiff
Average
Undrained Shear
Strength, kPa
10 to 25
25 to 50
50 to 100
100 to 200
200 to 400
Eps50
0.02
0.01
0.007
0.005
0.004
100
200
Stiff Clay
Static load, kN/m3
Cyclic load, kN/m3
Unit conversion:
140,000
50,000
270,000
110,000
540,000
220,000
Loose
5,000
7,000
Medium
15,000
25,000
Dense
35,000
60,000
140000
50000
Effective Depth
When a pile with a layered soil is analysed, the upper soil layers affect the lower layers in three respects:
If the ultimate resistance is controlled by wedge sliding, the resistance at any level is the sum of the
resistances from each layer above.
If the ultimate resistance is controlled by flow with a granular soil the reisitance is related to the vertical
pressure at the level of analysis.
The initial stiffness for type 2 and 3 soils is proportional to the vertical pressure at the level of analysis.
To allow for these effects the LatPile function calculates two effective depths:
1) The effective depth for wedge failure for a point within any layer, L, has two components:
i) The depth of soil with the same properties as Layer L that would have the same wedge sliding
resistance as the actual soil layers above the top of Layer L.
ii) The depth of the point below the top of Layer L
2) The effective depth for vertical pressure for a point within a layer, L, is the depth of material that
would have the same vertical pressure as that due to the actual soils layers above the point.
Depths 1) and 2) are calculated by the LatPile function, or may optionally be specified for the top
of each layer as rows 8 and 9 of the Soil Properties Table.
Example PY Curves; Data from Examples sheet
Soil Tables
Depth of point
Soil cohesion, Cu; or "PY" to use PY table
Soil friction angle, Phi, or PY Table number
Soil Density
5
0.00
0
0.000
25
0.00
0
0.000
0.0000
0
0
5
5
PY624tab
Deflection
Force
m
kN/m
0
#VALUE!
0.005
#VALUE!
0.01
#VALUE!
0.015
#VALUE!
0.02
#VALUE!
0.025
#VALUE!
0.03
#VALUE!
0.035
#VALUE!
0.04
#VALUE!
0.045
#VALUE!
0.05
#VALUE!
0.055
#VALUE!
0.06
#VALUE!
0.065
#VALUE!
0.07
#VALUE!
0.075
#VALUE!
0.08
#VALUE!
PY624tab
Deflection
Force
m
kN/m
0
#VALUE!
0.0025
#VALUE!
0.005
#VALUE!
0.0075
#VALUE!
0.01
#VALUE!
0.02
#VALUE!
0.03
#VALUE!
0.04
#VALUE!
0.05
#VALUE!
0.06
#VALUE!
0.07
#VALUE!
0.08
#VALUE!
0.09
#VALUE!
0.1
#VALUE!
0.11
#VALUE!
0.0000
0
0
25
25
12.0
10.0
8.0
6.0
4.0
2.0
0.0
0
12.0
10.0
8.0
6.0
4.0
2.0
0.0
0
0.02
0.
PT624tab
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
0
PY624Tab
2.0
0.0
8.0
6.0
4.0
2.0
0.0
0
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.1
0.12
12
10
8
Colu
mn
AL
6
4
2
0
0
10
12
Disclaimer
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
A copy of the GNU General Public License may be obtained from:
The Free Software Foundation, Inc.
59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
dougjenkins@interactiveds.com.au
www.interactiveds.com.au
http://newtonexcelbach.wordpress.com/
Copyright 2012 Interactive Design Services Pty Ltd. all rights reserved
Revision History
Current Version
Rev
Date
1.02
By
###
Description
First release
Code to read first row in input PY tables corrected (row and column ind
KOption added; PY624tab function added; PY_624 function modified, e