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6165-021 JUNE 2011

Technician Diploma in Construction
Applied scientific techniqu es 2 - principles
You should have the
following for this examination
. a multiple-choice answer sheet
. a pen with black or blue ink
. a non-programmable calculator

Monday
6 June 201

09:30

12:OO

; v

This question paper is the property of the City and Guilds of London
Institute and is to be returned after the examination.

'
I,

Read the

following notes before you answer any questions

. You must use a pen with black or blue ink to complete all parts of the answer sheet.
. Check that you have the correct answer sheet for the examination.
. Check that your name and candidate details are printed correctly at the top of your answer

sheet.

. Each question shows four possible answers (lettered 'd','b', 'c'and'd'); only one is correct.
. Decide which one is correct and mark your answer on the answer sheet with your pen.
For example if you decide 'a' is correct, mark your answer like this

o@o
fc*'lfc-""'It-c*;]
.
'

t c*a

lf you want to change your answer, cancel your first choice by filling in the 'cancel'
box below the circle like this

' --

rno

Il-c*r

ll-c*l tl-c*r

Then rnark the answer which you have now decided is correct. For example if you
now decide 'c' is correct, mark your answer like this

r,rro o o
It-c*r

u/

ll-c*r lt-c*r

Any other marks on the form may invalidate some of your answers.

. Any calculations or rough working can be done on the question paper.

. Attempt all questions. lf you find a question difficult, leave it and return to it later.
This paper contains 90 questions. Answer them using the 'boxes' numbered
1 to 9O on the answer sheet.

The City and Guilds of London lnstitute 201 1

f]t ilil ilil illlt ililIilil ilfl lll llll

1333305

The two roots of the quadratic equation

f+l=8xare
a

b
c
d

3x3+2*y+6xy2+4y3

"'n1=?zt-

,7
1,-7

-1

1,7
1,8.

The solution to the pair of sinnultaneous

equations

Y=4x-2

when factorised becomes

a 1x +iy)Pf * 2f)
b (x-zilQf-f)
c (3x + 2y)(i * 2f)
d (3x -2y)(x2 - 2f)
The expression log

3x+y=12

is

a
b
c
d

The algebraic expression

yx- togl

+ log xy

logy

can be simplified to a single term as

x=1,y=6
x=6,y=1
x=2,y=6
x=6,y=2.

a logl
b
c
d

ln a triangle ABC,

logy
logx
log xy
v.-

,/n = ,/c = H[ *d ,/A = .,.1]

The formula expressing Y in terms of X is

a Y=90'-X
b Y=180"-X
c Y=180"-2X
d Y =2X- 180'.
lf the formul'a V =

Imetres

20m

Figure

1n'f
r)
rJ

is rearranged to

make R as the new subject, the formula will

then be
V
3nh

lf the area of an 'L' shaped lawn as shown

in Figure 1 is 200 m', then the value of x is
a

2.5 m

5m

7.5 m

10 m.

The solution to the pair of simultaneous

equations

EV
p= t_
1i

nt't

3.2x+0.9y=19.7
3.2x-2.2Y=9.4

/ v)'
ft= t_t
[:]"h.1

is

(av\'

a
b

\,rh )

ft= t_l

The value or

a2
b4
c6
d 16.
1333305

'.r[8t'

is

x=1.1,y=2.1
x=2.1,y=1.1

x=3,y=5

x=5, y=3.

lf the formu la tl = u2 + 2as is transposed to

make 's'the new subject, the formula will
now be

a s=tl-Glza
b s=tl+G-Za

c
d

"

s = (f _za)tG

s=(f_G1tza.

14

Figure

A roof truss has the dimensions shown in

Figure 3. To the nearest degree, the angle

dis

Questions 11 and 12 reter to Figure 2

a
b
c
d

27"

30'
60'
63'.

Figure 2

\-

11

Figure 2 represents the major sector of a

circle with centre

O. Given n = 4

the length of the arc is

a
b
c
d
12

Figure 4

55cm
66cm
77cm
88 cm.

15

ln Figure 4 the length x is given by

5Cos32

5Sin32
Sin 32

The area of the major sector in Figure 2 is

\,

13

462 cm2

474 cmz
486 cm2

498 cmz.

2x
3

Cos 32

radians in degrees is equalto

60"
90"
120"

a
b

80'.

Figure

16h

1333305

in Figure 5 is

00"
10"
120"

30'.

See next page

Which one of the following curves

represents the function Y = sin 0?

17

20

Which one of the following triangles is both

right-angled and isosceles?

A:

A%tr,n

60"

\'

A\

75

na
1050

Figure 6
18

ln Figure 6, which two of the following

angles are comPlementarY?

a
b
c
d

AandB.
CandD.
DandE.
EandF.

Figure 8
21

Figure 8 is the graph of the quadratic

-The solution to
equation Y = * - 3x - 6.
equation f - Zx-6=4is

a
b
c
d

Figure 7

19

ln Figure 7 the length of AB is

a
b
c
d

3.00
6.00
9.16
10.77.

1333305

(-3,0)
(,-2,4)
(4.5, -1.5)
(-2, 5).

Y=Lx-2
6
5
L
3
2

I
0

I
2

Figure 9

//

Tr"e 'ra ues of the gradient (m) and the

.te,rcept on Y-axis for the line AB in

rqure 9 are

a rn =1.5 C=-1
, m=1.5 c=1
a m=1 c=-1.5
c m=A c=1.5.

3x+y =
Figure
24

6
t,

25

v 23 The solution to the simultaneous equations

(1,2)
(2, 1)

(2,4)
(4,2).

2016
2026
2036
2046.

a1
b2
c3
d5.

as displayed in Figure 10 is

(2,6)
(6,2).

lf the sum of the first 20 terms of an AP is

400 and the 20th term is 39, then its first
term will be

x+y=6
y=x+2

(1, 6)
(6, 1)

The sum of the first 10 terms of the series

2, 22, 23, 24, is

a
b
c
d

Figure 10

11

The solution to the simultaneous equations

represented by the lines in the graph in
Figure 11 is

a
b
c
d

t2

27

The sum of the first 21 terms of the series

(-20), (-18), (-16), (-14) is

a -100
b -50
c0
d 50.

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See next page

63
63
64
61

62
61

65
66

65
63
bJ
64

64
66
67
63

62
61

62
62

lil

)rll

Figure 12
28

]ru ilil

The relative frequency of the number 63 in

the table shown in Figure 12 is

lH{}r}ur

a
b
c
d

illt

Im.

0.1

0.15
0.2
0.25.

il

Figure 14
30

912
tu
5ro
L

!e

g6

a
b

CErrc

ul

z2
5

2.

ACE IN YEARS

31

The histogram in Figure 13 shows age

distribution of lecturers in a college. The
. number of lecturers under 45 years of age

A fixed mass of gas occupying 1 litre at

lT(k)=273+t(c)l

a
b
c
d

is

a8
b12
c20
d 32.

32

0.65
0.83
1.00
1.35

lf the absolute temperature of a fixed mass

of gas is halved at constant pressure, its
volume will

a
b
c
d

1333305

40.
50.
60.
80.

30"C is heated to 230"C and at the same

time the pressure is doubled. Working in
absolute temperatures, what will be the
resulting volume in litres?

Figure 13

29

The tally chart in Figure 14 shows the

weights of a sample of students. What is the
total number of students in the sample?

increase by a factor of 2
decrease by a factor of 2
increase by a factor of 4
decrease by a factor of 4.

33

Boyle's Law states that, the

a
b
c
d
34

pressure of a fixed mass of gas is

directly proportional to its absolute
temperature, if the volume is kePt
constant
volume of a fixed mass of gas is
inversely proportional to the pressure if
the temperature is kept constant
volume of a fixed mass of gas is
directly proportional to its absolute
temperature, if the pressure is kept
constant
pressure of gas is atmospheric
pressure plus that due to other sources
if the volume is kept constant.

A quantity of gas has a volume of 50 cm3

at a pressu re of 2 x 105 Pa. What is its
volume when the pressure is decreased to
1 x 105 Pa whilst the temperature is kept
constant?

a
b
c
d

38

a
b
c
d
39

40

cm3.
50 cm3.
75 cm3.

c
d

36

the surface is painted black

a DPC is placed behind the surface
the temperature of the surface is
always kept above the dew point
the room behind the wall is well
ventilated.

Which one of the following instruments is

used to find the dew point in a laboratory?

a
b
c
d

Moisture.
Resonance.
Magnetic field.

0.96 W

9.6W
96.0 W
960.0 w.

100 cm3.

Condensation on interior surfaces within a

wall construction is avoided by ensuring that
a

Noise.

The rate of heat loss through 10 m2 of a

cavity wall having a U value of 0.96 Wm2
"C with a temperature difference between
the inside and outside faces of 10'C will be

a
b
c
d

25

boiling point
evaporation
freezing point
saturation.

Cooking, washing and breathing can all

contribute to which of the following within
the air of the room?

a
b
c
d

41

35

The relative humidity of a sample of air is a

way of expressing how close it is to

Barometer.
Voltmeter.
Thermometer.
Hygrometer.

Surface and interstitial are two forms of

a
b
c
d
42

materials
waves
noise
condensation.

Which one of the following materials of the

same thickness, if placed on the inside of a
house wall, would reduce the rate of heat
flow through the wall by the greatest
amount?
conductivity(Wm"C
a
b

c
d

37

The U value for a wall comprising of

elements having individual thermal
resistances of 0.1 15 + 1 .609 + 0.075 +
0.210 is
a
b

c
d

_333305

2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5.

43 A bang against a radiator would produce

a
b

c
d

air-borne sound
impact sound
a decibel scale
an oscilloscope.

See next page

44

Sound levels are measured in

a
b
c
d

49

Transformers are used to change

a
b
c
d

hertz
decibels
ohms
lumens.

currents from a.c. to d.c.

capacitance
voltages
curents from d.c. to a.c.

.i
I

Figure 15
45

The dimension shown on the wave diagram

in Figure 15 is termed

a
b
c
d
46

Figure 17
50

amplitude
frequency
magnitude
wavelength.

a
b
c
d

The amplitude of a wave is a measure of its

51

a
b
c
d

sound
energy
frequency
wavelength.

The dimension shown on the wave diagram

in Figure 16 is termed

a
b
c
d
48

53

wavelength
amplitude
frequency
magnitude.

Coil.

Capacitor.
Resistance.
Magnet.

ln alternating current the cunent keeps

a
b
c
d

Figure 16

direct current
conductance
capacitance
alternating current

The concept of the generator is to rotate

which one of the following rn a magnetic
field?

a
b
c
d
52

47

The curve shown in Figure 17 represents

one complete oscillation of

altering its frequency

reversing its direct;on
altering its value
alternating from a.c. to d.c.

Connecting a circuit between a single live

cable and a neutral cable would produce

a
b
c
d

single-phase supply
two-phase supply
three-phase supply
four-phase supply

Taking
54

l" as the wavelength (m)

f as the time (s)
f as the frequency of the vibration (Hz)
the velocity, V, of a sound wave is given by

a V=fuf
b V =)"(
c V= fI

v = tx2.

133330s

The frequency of a sound wave directly

determines its

a
b
c
d

wavelength
amplitude
energy
pitch.

55

Which one of the following is not a means

of transporting water?
l0 kN

a
b
c
d
56

+r-.-+-

Pipe lines.
Rivers.
Aqueducts.
Cabies.

Pure water is never found in nature,

because for many minerals, water is an
excellent

Figure 18

61 The re sultant of the three force systems,

Figure 18, acting at a point is
I

a
b

c
d

57

58

60

N/mm2
N/mm2
N/mm2.

Water-cement ratio.
Compaction.
Aggregate cement ratio.
Volume of concrete.

Preservative treatments are used in which

one of the following construction materials?

a
b
c
d

-333305

Brick.

Plaster.
Timber.
Concrete.

r.r

d /!s',finu,

rc!2kn7 zotixy

A+A+&

3o,l-2ky/

Figure 19

N/mm2

Which one of the following factors does not

affect the strength of hardened concrete?

a
b
c
d

?0kH

chlorine
fluoride
lime
flocs.

20
30
40
50

f ro r,
l0.1

b o,t*-

A concrete cube of side 150 mm is tested in

compression. The failing load was 675 kN.
The ultimate compressive stress was

a
b
c
d
59

During water treatment, chemicals called

coagulants are added to the water to
combine with bacteria etc to form

a
b
c
d

h/

hydrate
coagulant
solvent
filter.

62

Refer to Figure 19. The force which brings

the above forces acting at a point into
equilibrium is

,rtx
t

o{i*Nl

A
60ry
re_
t{zx,N/
60/zkv

See next page

,.rS\*-F

Figure 20

cl

ol

I uor*
I

bt

zottt

2okN

l0kN

the

20kN

I
I

b .ohN I

l70kN

ol

I *n*

I_>_
gotw

vectors shown in Figure 23 is

| *!*

70kN

ro*/-zr

66 rhe resurta., ,"-::::;:"""",or

The vertical and horizontal components of

the forces in Figure 20 acting at a point are

lzottt

.x+t ++

Lol'2kN

6okN

t
I

I6okN

Figure

64 The resultant

-6dkN

21

of the forces in Figure 21 is

"\^o
4\

\nt"
l!\
Figure 24

o Am" d /*n*

67

b-

/u"

20,/2kN,/

A"

lorN

,/ go/-zxN,/t

The vector which would bring the forces

acting at point 'A' in Figure 24 into
equilibrium would be

--l--r I
.ibcd

3okNl 3okNl uon*l uou*f

+&+b

orzuN

,/

Figure 22
One kilogram force is equivalent to

The horizontal component of forces in

Figure 22 acling at a point is

10kN

20kN

--+

1333305

a
b
c
d

30kN
--+'

d-

40kN

10

9.81 N
98.1 N
981.0 N
9810.0 N.

*-4/ +
,/
l/
l+
' lorN

V.
2ot<N

Figure 25
Figure 27
The magnitude of the resultant of the three
horizontal force components sirown in
Figure 25 is

a
b
c
d
70

72

The force required at B to bring the parallel

force system, Figure 27, into equilibrium is

a
b
c
d

20kN
30kN
40kN
50 kN.

7kN
14kN
21kN
28 kN.

A force having magnitude and direction is a

a
b
c
d

20k

neMon
moment
vector
pascal.

25kN

Figure 28

10 kN

73

The bending moment at point D on the

part-loaded beam shown in Figure 28 is

a
b
Figure 26

-l
I

1v

71

10 kN m

20kNm
30kNm

40 kN m.

Refer to Figure 26. The bending moment at

point D on the beam for which the part SFD
is shown is
a
b

c
d

6 kNm
10 kNm
16 kNrn
22 kNm.

ro*n
B

Figure 29
74

The resultant of the forces system shown in

Figure 29 will act at a distance

a
b
c
d

1.00
1.33
2.00
3.00

m
m
m
m

from
from
from
from

A
A
A
A.

11

-333305

See next page

Figure 33

Figure 30
75

78 The bending moment at point'C' in

The shear force at point F in Figure 30 is

a
b
c
d

Figure 33 is

a
b
c
d

-15 kN
-5kN
5kN
15 kN.

WU4
WL/8
WL2t4
WL2r8.

10kN

Figure

76 The resultant

31

moment at point C in

Figure 34

Figure 31 is

o *o**"]

The reaction, Rs in Figure 34 is

c

?0kNm

a
b
c
d

h unn**)

?0lttlm

l0k

20kN
40kN
60kN
80 kN.

Alm

Rl= 16kN

Rs = 4kN

Figure 35

Figure 32

Refer to Figure 35. The maximum load

kN'which can be placed on the beam so
as not to exceed the reaction values is

Refer to Figure 32. The bending moment at

point A is

a
b
c
d

'.r

40kNm
50kNm
60kNm

a
b
c
d

70 kN m.

1333305

12

SkN
10 kN

15 kN

20 kN.

lcm

Figure 36
81

The deflected form in Figure 36 is for a

a
b
c
c

simply supported beam

cantilever beam
continuous beam
ourlt-in beam at each end.

Ftcm

Figure 39
84

Refer to Figure 39. The centroid position v

is

a
b
c
d

Figure 37
82

The regions of tension shown in Figure 37

are for a
a
b

c
d

1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0

cm
cm
cm
cm.

cantilever beam
builtin beam
portalframe
continuous beam.

SUSPENSION

t-

PoStTroN

Figure 40
85

The distance x to the centroid in Figure 40

is

Figure 38

a
b

83

Refer to Figure 38. The intersection

position of the suspension lines 'O' denotes
the
a
a
d

c
d

2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0

cm
crn
cm
cm.

neutral axis
centre of gravity
mass of the body
inertia of the body

13

l-31330s

See next page

86

89

A 100 mm cube crushed at a value of

60 kN. At what value would a cube of
50 mm cube, taken from the same concrete
mix, be expected to fail?

a
b
c
d
87

88

a
b
c
d

10 kN.
15 kN.
20 kN.
25 kN.

90

The tensile strength of a bar is 400 N/mm2.

lf the maximum permissible stress is
182 N/mm2, the factor of safety (F.O.S.) is

a
b
c
d

The pressure at the base of a tank 6 m

deep full to its brim with water of density
1000 kg/m3 is approximatelY

Assuming water density is 1000 kg/m3, the

total force on a retaining wall per metre run,
retaining water to a height of 4 m, is
approximatelY
a
b

0.22
2.2
22.0
220.0

40 kN/m2
50 (irtlm2
60 kN/m2
70 kN/m2.

c
d

60 kN
80 kN
100 kN
120 kN

A steel bar, of rectangular cross-section

20 mm x 30 mm, is subjected to an axial
pull of 60 kN. The resulting tensile stress is

a
b
c
d

\-

50 N/mm2
100 N/mm2
150 N/mm2
200 N/mm2.

NOW GO BACK AND CHEGK YOUR WORK

IMPORTANT Are the details at the top of the answer sheet correct?
sheet?
Have you filled in your answers in INK in the appropriate boxes on the answer

1333305

14